Document G6ZbR5V0Qn6YqEk9oep5ZYE7x

FILE NAME: US Government Contractor Regulations Including Shipyard Regulations (GCR) DATE: 1960 Dec 28 DOC#: GCR002 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Federal Register - Safety & Health Standards for Federal Supply Contracts k\ 0 N A L 4 / j> 3 ' ~ P ages 13809-13825 Part II FEDERAL REGISTER VOLUME 25 1934 * iJN ntv ^ NUMBER 251 Washington, Wednesday, December 28, 1960 Title 41-- PUBLIC CONTRACTS Chapter 50-- Division of Public Con tracts, Department of Labor PART 50-204-- SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR FEDERAL SUPPLY CONTRACTS The Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act (49 Stat. 2036, 41 U.S.C. 35 et seq.) requires th a t contracts entered into by any agency of the United States for the manufacture or furnishing of materials, supplies, articles, and equipment in any amount exceeding $10,000 must contain, among other provisions, a stipulation that no "part of such contract will be performed nor will any of the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment to be manufactured or furnished under said contract be manufactured or fabricated in any plants, factories, buildings or surroundings or under working condi tions which are unsanitary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees engaged in the performance of said contract". A single standard of safety and health conditions is thus required for all work subject to the Act. An objective descrip tion of the working conditions encoun tered, established by a preponderance of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence, is, of course, essential to the administrative application of this stand ard, A second question which must be resolved is whether conditions of the type described are "unsanitary or haz ardous or dangerous to the health or safety of employees". This is a question of fact. For assistance in its resolution, the act provides a special rule of evi dence: "Compliance with the safety, sanitary, and factory inspection laws of the State in which the work or part thereof is to be performed shall be prima-facie evidence of compliance with this subsection." The statutory prevision concerning "prima-facie evidence" does not purport to take the place of the uniform national standard. It has application only to issues which require evidence. In the absence of opposing evidence, it author izes resolution of such issues compatibly with the prima-facie evidence. Also, rules concerning prima-facie evidence obviously have no application in situa N o. 2 51-- F lirt I I ----- 1 tions where evidence is not required. Where, therefore, the common experi ence of men is all th at is needed to lead a rational and prudent person to the conclusion that certain conditions of em ployment are incompatible with the safety and health of employees, no de fense is provided by the statutory "prima-facie evidence" rule merely be cause such conditions may not be spe cifically prohibited in the State safety, sanitary, and factory inspection laws, or the regulations hereby proposed. Neither is it necessary to call a witness to testify concerning the hazardous nature of such conditions. The statutory rule of "prima-facie evi dence" was not designed to deter the Secretary of Labor from diligent inquiry even beyond the safety, sanitary, and factory inspection laws of the several states to discover more directly what are the "working conditions which are unsanitary or habardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees." This is demonstrated by the provisions in sections 4 and 5 of the Act, directing the Secretary to administer it and au thorizing him to appoint experts, make investigations, hold hearings, compel the production of evidence, and make find ings of fact. Accordingly, following en actment of the Act, experts were ap pointed and their testimony used in the administrative enforcement proceedings conducted under section 5 of the Act. Differences of opinion over what condi tions of employment fail to meet the statutory standard have thus been re solved with the assistance of expert testi mony on a case-by-case basis in nearly a quarter of a century of hearings and findings under the Act. These have been conducted in accordance with sections 5, 7, and 8 of the Administrative Pro cedure Act since its enactment. The hazardous characteristic of a par ticular working condition, is, of course, the likelihood th at it will cause illness, or injury in the employment situation. This characteristic is not always im mediately apparent Causative analysis of injury frequency rates in industry has shed much light on the importance of certain precautions not fully appreciated by those responsible for the operation of industrial establishments. The De partm ent's discovery and evaluation of these hazards and the development of the regulations herein promulgated has relied quite extensively on the outstand ing contributions of the private and pub lic organizations which are generally ac cepted as preeminent in this field. Among these are the publications of American Standards Association, Inc., American Society of Mechanical Engi neers, National Fire Protection Associa tion, National Board of Fire Underwrit ers, the Public Health Service of the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, the Bureau of Mines of the United States Department of the Interior, and the Atomic Energy Commission. Section 7(d) of the Administrative Procedure Act recognizes that, even in the most formal type of administrative adjudications, agency decision may rest on "official notice of a material fact not appearing in the evidence in the record," but it requires that "any party shall on timely request be afforded an oppor tunity to show the contrary". The At torney General's Manual on the Admin istrative Procedure Act points out (p. 80) that this authority "extends properly to all matters as to which the agency by reason of its functions is presumed to be expert, such as technical or scien tific facts within its specialized knowl edge. Cf. H.R. Rep. p. 38 (Sen. Doc. p. 272). * * * The matters thus noticed become a part of the record and, unless successfully controverted, furnish the same basis for findings of fact as does `evidence' in the usual sense." . The hazardous characteristics of many working conditions, thus being facts of a "technical or scientific" nature, and having come within the Department's "specialized knowledge" by reason of its experience, proof of them in administra tive adjudications by official notice is appropriate. The facts declared in these regulations are soundly based in the ex perience of the Department and in the experience cf outstanding public and private experts in their specialized di visions of the field of health and safety engineering. The regulations herewith, promulgated extend, however, into areas in which reasonable men may differ. Any party to an administrative adjudi cation who is adversely affected by them will, therefore, have the opportunity to contest them by presenting the issue in 13S0D 13810 RULES AND REGULATIONS his responsive pleading and Introducing Guarding o r Open-Sided Flocm , Pressure Vessels such evidence as he will be able to muster PLATFORMS AN RUNWAYS 60-204.120 Boilers. for consideration a t his hearing. 60-204,23 open-sided floor nd platform, 50-204.121 Steam cookers, digesters, glue pots, etc. Publication of standards which will 50-204.26 Runway, guarding. 50-201.122 Unflred pressure vessels. underline the enforcement policy of the RAXLONOa AND G U A M agency which administers the Walsh 50-204.27 Standard railing. Tools and Equipment Healey Public Contracts Act will promote 50-204.28 Stair railing. 50-204.127 Maintenance. observance of the safety and health re 50-204.20 Strength of standard railing and 60-204.128 Portable electric power tools, quirements by curtailing uncertainty on stair railing. 50-204.120 Portable pneumatic tools. the part of those whose duty it Is to com E levators 50-204.130 Cables, ropes, and chains. ply. Such publication will permit the Ventilation and protection in administrative adjudication of many 50-204.34 Elevator Inspection. W elding and Cutting safety and health cases without the 50-204.35 50-204.35 Hoistways. Under car safety devico. 50-204.135 Welding and cutting in confined necessity of calling an expert witness to 50-204.37 Hatch lim it controls. spaces. the place of hearing to testify to the haz 50-204.130 VentUatlon in confined spaces. ardous nature of the working conditions ILLUMINATION 50-204.137 Mechanical ventilation. denounced in the regulations. Except 50-204.42 Minimum standards. 50-204.138 Welding and cutting involving in cases where a party gives notice of In L adders metals of toxic significance. 60-204.139 Protection to other employees. tent to challenge the safety standards expressed in the regulation a t hearing, 50-204.47 Construction and use of portable 50-204.140 Inert-gas-m etal arc welding. 60-204.141 General welding and cutting. as provided in the regulations herein 50-204.48 ladders. Ralls of portable ladders. E lectrical Equipment promulgated, this element of possible 50-204.40 Fainting of wooden ladders. ' controversy, and occasion of possible 50-204.50 Stepladders. 50-204.148 General plant wiring. variety In decision, will be eliminated. 50-204.51 Fixed ladders. Mechanical power Transmission Apparatus These are the considerations which prompt this use of the authority ex Aisles and Passage wats 50-204.153 Flywheels. pressed in section 4 of the Walsh-Healey 5500--220044..5567 MAiasilnetwenidatnhcse.. 60-204.154 Cranks and connecting rods. 50-204.155 Toll rods or extension piston Public Contracts Act to make "such rules rods. and regulations as may be necessary to Material Storage 50-204.156 Governor balls. carry out the provisions of this Act." 50-204.62 Height, 60-204.157 Shafting Installation, Radiation standards for inclusion in 50-204.83 small articles. 50-204.158 Guarding horizontal shafting. the regulations herein promulgated as 5500--220044..6654 PHiapzearadnoduostchheermloicnaglss.tock. 50-204.159 Guarding vertloal and Inclined shafting. amendments are currently being drafted. 50-204.66 Gases In cylinders. 60-204,160 Projecting shaft ends. They will apply the recommendations 50-204.161 Power-transmission apparatus of the Federal Radiation Council ap Outdoor Storage located in basements. proved by the President for the guidance 5500--220044..7712 AHiosuleseskpeaecpiningg. . 50-204.162 Pulleys. 50-204.163 Horizontal belts, ropes and chain of federal agencies May 13, 19(50 (25 F.R. 50-204.73 Drainage. drives. 4402). 50-204.74 Clearance signs. 50-204.164 overhead chain and link belt As these regulations are rules of agency 50-204.75 Derail and bumper blocks. drives. procedure or practice delineating facts 50-204.78 miflc control signs. 50-204.165 Vertical and Inclined belts. which will be officially noticed in en 50-204.77 Open pits, tanks, vats, ditches, ' etc. 50-204.168 Vertical belts. 50-204.167 Cone-pulley belts. forcement proceedings under section 5 50-204.168 Gears. of the Act, notice of proposed rule mak F lam m able L iq u id s 50-204.169 Sprockets and chains. ing and public proceedings in their adop 50-204.82 Sources of ignition. 4 50-20463 Vegetation removal. 50-204.170 Openings for oUlng. 50-204.171 Friction drives. 60-204.172 Keys, set screws, and other pro tion are not required by subsections 60-204.84 Housekeeping. (a) and <b> of the Administrative 50-204.85 Electrical lighting. jections. Procedure Act. 50-204.86 VentUatlon. 50-204.173 Collars. In accordance with section 4 of the 50-204,67 Refuse storage. 50-204.174 Couplings. Administrative Procedure Act <80 Stat. 50-204.88 Open, flams devices prohibited. G uard Standards tor Mechanical P ower 238,5 U.S.C. 1003), therefore, and under 50-20469 60-204.90 Bonding and grounding. Relief vents. T ra n sm issio n the authority of section 4 of the Walsh- 50-204.91 Storage in other th a n flammable 50-204.179 .Materials. Healey Public Contracts Act (40 Stat. storage buildings. 50-204,180 Disk, shield, and "V" guards. 2038,41 U.S.C. 38), effective 30 days after 60-204.92 Safety containers. 50-204.181 Approved materials. 60-204.182 Wood guards. publication in the F ederal R egister, a P aints and P ainting 60-204,183 Guards for horizontal overhead new P art 50-204--Safety and Health 60-204.97 Storage of palntB. varnishes, belts. Standards, for Federal Supply Contracts, lacquers, thlnners. etc. 50-204.184 Guards for horizontal overhead is hereby added to 41 CFB, Chapter 50, 60-204,98 Storage locations. rope and chain drives. 60-204.186 Guard rails and toe boards. 60-204.99 Storage or flammable p ain t m a Scope and application terials in opened containers. Miscellaneous M achine G uarding 80-204.1 Scope and application. 60-204.100 Paint-soiled clothing and drop cloth. 50-204.100 Lathes and automatic screw m a buildings and appurtenances 50-204.101 Housekeeping: p ain t scrapings chines. and p ain t saturated contain 50-204.191 DrUl presses. i 0-204.2 Buildings. ers. 50-204.192 Planers and shapers (m etal). 30-204.3 Floors. 50-204.102 Ventilation of harm ful sub 60-204.193 Shears. 50-204.4 BuUdlng egress. stances. 50-204.194 Guillotine cutters, power-driven. S tairwats or Steps 50-204.103 Ventilation of flammable vapors. 50-204.195 Power presses. 60-204.104 Smoking or open flames pro 50-204.196 Foot and hand presses. 50-204.0 Stair width of treads and height hibited, 60-204.197 Other power-press safety devices. of risers, 50-204.105 Electrical equipment. 50-204.198 Platen presses. 60-204.10 Stairway m aintenance. 50-204.108 Electric motors. 50-204.199 Abrasive wheels. 30-204,11 Treads. 50-204,107 Enclosure driving belts. 50-204.200 Revolving drum s an d cylinders. 60-204.12 Stairway railings and handrails. 60-204.108 Storage of combustible and 50-204.201 F ans. Guarding op F loor Openings flammable cleaning materials. Woodworking M achinery and floor Holes F ire Prevention 50-204.208 Circular table saws. 50-204.17 Stairway floor openings. 60-204.18 Ladderway floor openings. 50-204.113 Equipment, general. 50-204.209 Swing and sliding cut-off saw. 50-204.114 First aid Are fighting extinguish 50-204.210 Inverted swing cut-off aw* 50-204.10 Hatchway and chute floor. ers. general rules. (jump saws). 60-204.20 Floor hole. 50-204.115 Classification of extinguisher. 60-204.211 Radial saws. Wednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13811 50- 204.212 60-204,213 50-204.214 50-204.215 50-204.216 50-204.217 Portable circular saws. Band saws and band resaws. Jointers. Wood shapers, hand-ieed panel raisers and similar machines. Planing, molding, sticking and m atching machines. Sanding machines. Housekeeping minimum safety and health standards which will be applied In the administra tion and enforcement of the Act, in cluding proceedings under its section 5 and 41 CFR Part 50-203, Subpart A, to determine whether particular contracts subject to the Act are being, or have been, performed in compliance with its safety and health requirements. (e) Compliance with the standards expressed in Part 50-204 of this chapter will not relieve anyone from any obliga tion to comply with any more strict standard stemming from any other source whatsoever. B uildincs and Appurtenances 50-204.2 Buildings. 60-204.229 General. (b) In all administrative, enforce Buildings and all appurtenances there 50-204,230 Floors. ment, and investigative proceedings con to, including bridges, towers, balconies, 50-204.231 Flammable materials. 60-204.232 Tools and other materials. ducted by the United States Department runways, and platforms, shall be struc of Labor under the Act, official notice 50-204.233 Receptacles ior waste disposal. will be taken of the fact th a t failure to turally safe to prevent collapse. 50-204.234 Sweeping and refuse removal. comply with the requirements e\pressed 5 0 -2 0 4 .3 Floors. T oilet F acilities and Wash Rooms in this Part 50-204 of this chapter results (a> No floor or platform shall be so 50-204.239 Separate toilet for each sex. in working conditions which are "unsan loaded as to have a factor of safety of 50-204.240 location, itary or hazardous to employees" within less than four. That Is, the weight 50-304.241 Water closets. 50-204.242 Construction of toilet rooms. the meaning of section 1(e) of the Act, placed upon a floor or platform shall and contracts incorporating the stipula not exceed one-fourth of the breaking 60-204.243 Chemical closets and privies. 50-204.244 Washing facilities. tion it requires. strength of the platform or floor. 50-204245 Change rooms. (c) In formal enforcement proceed (b) Floors, other than those resting 50-204.246 Retiring rooms for women. ings under section 5 of the Act, respond directly on solid ground, when used for Lu n c h Rooms and F ood Handling ents will be permitted to demonstrate, heavy storage shall be clearly posted to by reliable, substantial, and probative show maximum safe floor loads. 60-204 261 Location. . 00-204.262 Waste food disposal. evidence, th a t their failure to comply with the requirements expressed in Part (c) All floor surfaces shall be kept 60-204.263 Presence of toxic materials. 50-204 of this chapter did not result in clean and dry and maintained in a smooth (free from holes or projections Duink ino Water working conditions which were "unsani th a t might cause tripping and reason 60-204.258 Potable water. tary or hazardous or dangerous to em ably nonslippery) condition. 60-204269 Non-potable water. ployees," but only if the answer to the (d> Where the type of operation ne Medical Services complaint, filed under 41 CFR 50-203.3, makes express allegation to th a t effect, cessitates working on floor areas which 60-204.264 Medical services. identifying the particular code unit would be otherwise wet or slippery, such areas shall be covered with mats, grates, Eye Protection challenged and setting out the factual cleats, or other high friction floor 60-204269 General requirement. basis for the challenge, in the event such issue is drawn, and reliable, sub coverings. 60-204270 First-aid for chemical burns. stantial, and probative evidence is intro (e) Safe means of access, suited to conditions, shall be provided to every Environmental Conditions 60-204.276 Toxic gases, vapors, fumes, d u st duced in support of the challenge, the pertinent portions of the publications of overhead point to which employees are and mists. the American Standards Association, called upon to go in connection with their 60-204.276 Threshold lim it values. Inc., American Society of Mechanical employment. Ventilation Engineers, National Fire Protection As 5 0 -2 0 4 .4 B uilding egress. sociation, National Board of Fire Under 60-204286 General ventilation and temper- writers, the Public Health Service of the (a) Exits. Not less than two means ature requirement. United States Department of Health, of egress (other than ladders or eleva 60-204289 Local exhaust ventilation. NOISE Education, and Welfare, the Bureau of tors) as remote from each other as possible, shall be provided on every floor, 60-204.293 Noise. Mines of the United States Department of the Interior, and the Atomic Energy including basements and cellars of every Commission will be considered, together building or section where persons are P ersonal protective E quipment with any other evidence th at may be ad employed. On the street floor a t least 60-204.398 Personal protective equipment. duced in support of the regulation, on one of these shall be a door leading di rectly outside the building, and the other MrNiNc the issue whether the preponderance of the reliable, substantial, and probative may be a door leading outside the 60-204.300 Federal Mine Safety Code. A : |$ 50-204.1 to 50-204,300 Is evidence supports a finding that the building, or a standard horizontal exit. On upper floors and basements, one exit uthority sued under sec. 4, 49 Stat. 2038, 41 X7.S.C. 38. working conditions prohibited in the reg ulation aie unsanitary or hazardous or shall be an enclosed stairway or smoke- in te rp re t or apply sec. l, 49 Stat. 2036, 41 ' U.S.O. 36. dangerous to the health and safety of proof tower and the other or others may be inside stairways or horizontal exits 50-204.1 Scope and application. employees. (d) The standards expressed in Part or Are escape stairs. (a) The Walsh-Healey Public Con 50-204 of this chapter are for applica (b) Exit doors. Doors shall swing in the direction of exit and open in such tracts Act (40 Stat, 2036, 41 U.S.C. 35 tion to ordinary employment situations, a manner as not to obstruct passage et seq.) requires that contracts entered and do not preclude proof or recogni ways or corridors used as ways of egress. into by any agency of the United States for the manufacture or furnishing of tion of the necessity of higher standards for employment situations of extraor No chairs or seats, fixtures, chutes, ma terials, or equipment shall block or in materials, supplies, articles, and equip dinary hazard. Neither do the standards any way jeopardize the use of ways and ment In any amount exceeding 810,000 expressed in this Part 50-204 of this means provided for egress. All exit must contain, among other provisions, a stipulation that "No p art of such con chapter purpart to describe all of the working conditions which are unsani doors and windows used as means of egress in case of Are or panic shall be tract will be performed nor will any of tary or hazardous or dangerous to the so arranged as always to bt opened the materials, supplies, articles, or equip health and safety of employees. Other readily from the inside. Locks on doors ment to be manufactured or furnished working conditions may be found to be and windows, if provided, shall not re under said contract be manufactured or unsanitary or hazardous or dangerous to quire the use of a key to open. fabricated in any plants, factories, build the health and safety of employees on (c) Exit signs. All exits or means of ings or surroundings or under working evidence to th at effect, or without such egress shall be provided with a sign hav conditions which are unsanitary or haz ardous or dangerous to the health and evidence, where such unsanitary or ing on it the word "EXTr* which shall safety of employees engaged in the per hazardous or dangerous characteristic should be apparent to a rational and be in letters at least five inches in height and plainly indicate to persons within formance of the contract." This Part 50-204 of this chapter expresses certain prudent person of common experience. the building the location of such egress. 13812 RULES AND REGULATIONS Directional signs to the means of J 5 0 -2 0 4 .1 9 Hatchway an d chute floor. (a) Runways, used exclusively for cgrew should be provided where Every hatchway and chut floor open special purposes (such as oiling, shafting or filling tank cars). may have the rail necessary. ing shall be guarded either by: ing on one side omitted where operating ' STAIRWAYS OR STEPS (a) Hinged floor-opening cover of conditions necessitate such omission, 50-204.9 Stair width o f treads and standard strength and construction equipped with railing constructed in ac providing there is no falling hazard. height of risers. cordance with sections 50-204.27 and R ailings and G uards There shall be no variation in the 50-204.29 so as to leave no exposed side. 50-204.27 Standard railing. width of treads and height of risers in When the opening is not in use the cover any flight. Where variation in heights shall be closed. A standard railing shall consist of top of risers in different flights is necessary (b) A removable railing with toe rail, intermediate rail and posts, having a vertical height of 42 inches from upper on accov" * of varying story heights, such variations shall not exceed %o inch. All boards on not more than two sides of the opening and permanent railings with toe surface of top rail to floor, platform, run treads shall be at least 10 inches wide. boards on all other exposed sides both way or ramp level. The top rail shall be smooth surfaced throughout the 50-204.10 Stairway maintenance. constructed in accordance with sections 50-204.27 and 50-204.29. The removable length of the railing. The intermediate Every stairway or step shall be main railings shall be kept in place when the rail shall be approximately halfway be tween the top rail and floor, platform, tained in good repair, free from protrud ing bolts, screws, nails, dirt, or slippery opening is not In use. (c) Where operating conditions neces runway or ramp. The ends of the rails conditions, and no storage shall be per sitate the feeding of material into any shall not overhang the terminal posts mitted on stairways. hatchway or chute opening from all except where such overhang does not sides, the guarding requirements will be constitute a projection hazard. 50-204.11 Treads. satisfied if bars, chains, or other ade 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 8 Stair railing. Treads shall be renewed when the sur quate protection is provided to prevent a face, including the nosing, shows wear to person from falling through the opening. A stair railing shall be of construction the extent of V* inch or more. All metal 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 0 Floor hole. similar to a standard railing but the vertical height shall be not more than treads shall have a surface which will 34 inches nor less than 30 Inches from reasonably prevent slipping. Every floor hole except those described upper surface of top rail to surface of g 5 0-204.12 Stairway railings and h and in sections 50-204.17,50-204.18.50-204.19 tread in line with face of riser at forward rails. shall be guarded either by: edge of tread. (a) A railing constructed In conform Every flight of stairs having four or ance with the requirement in sections (a) Intermediate rails shall not be more risers shall be equipped with a stair 50-204.27 and 50-204.29 with standard required where stairways are 22 inches or railing or handrails constructed to con toe board on all exposed sides; or less in width. form to the requirements of sections (b) A floor opening cover, hinged in 5 0 -2 04.29 S trength o f standard railing 50-204.28 and 50-204.29 under the fol place. While the cover is open, floor and stair railing. lowing conditions: holes shall be constantly attended by The strength of standard railings and (a) On stairways of width less than someone or shall be protected by a port stair railings under different types of 44 inches and having both sides en able enclosing railing. construction is specified as follows: closed--at least one handrail on the right side descending. G uarding of O pen-S ided F loors, P lat (a) Wood railing: For wood railings, the posts shall be of at least 2 inch by (b) On stairways of width less than forms and R unways 4 inch stock spaced not to exceed 8 feet; 44 inches and having one side open--at 3 0 -2 0 4 .2 5 Open-sided floor and plat the top rails shall be of at least 2 inch least one stair railing that shall be on form . by 4 Inch stock or of two right angle the open side. (c) On stairways of width less than (a) Every open-sided floor shall bepieces of a t least 1 inch by 4 inch stock 44 inches and having both sides open-- guarded by a railing constructed in ac cordance with sections 50-204.27 and 50 and the intermediate rails shall be of at least 2 inch by 2 inch stock or of at least one stair railing on each side. (d) On stairways of width 44 inches 204.29 on all open sides 5 feet or more 1 inch by 4 inch stock. or more but less than 88 Inches--one above the adjacent floor or ground level, except where there is entrance to a ramp, (b) Pipe railing: For pipe railings, the posts and top rails shall be metal pipe handrail on each enclosed side and one stair railing on each open side. stairway or fixed adder. The railing of at least IK inches inside diameter and <e) On stairways 88 inches or more shall be provided with a toe board wherever, beneath the open sides. the intermediate rails shall be metal pipe of at least 1 Inch inside diameter. The in width--one handrail on each enclosed side, one stair railing on each open side <1) Persons can pass, 121 There is moving machinery, or spacing of posts shall not exceed 8 feet. (c) Structural metal railings: For and one intermediate sta.r railing lo cated approximately midway of the f3> There is equipment with which falling materials could create a hazard. structural metal railings, the posts and top rails shall be angle iron of at least width. ib> The intermediate railing and toe 1 >2 inches by l ! i inches by tho inch or <f) Winding stairs shall be equipped hoard required by sections 50-204.27 and other structural shapes of equivalent with a handrail so offset as to prevent walking on any portions of the treads 50-204.29 may be omitted where ma terials have to be regularly passed over bending strength; and the intermediate rails shall be angle iron of at least 1V'i having width less than 6 Inches. the edge of the floor (as in lumber stor inches by 1V-t inches by Ve inch or other G uarding o f F loor O penings and age i, or where the railing is sot back 12 structural shapes of equivalent bending F loor H oles inches or more from the edge. strength. The spacing of posts shall not (c) The entire railing may be tempo exceed 8 feet. 5 0 -2 0 1 .1 7 Stairway floor opening. rarily removed from particular sections <d> Anchor posts; The anchoring Of A railing constructed to conform to the of open-sided floors where regular oper posts and framing of members for rail requirements of sections 50-204.28 and ating conditions make a permanent rail ings of all types shall be of such con 50-204.29 shall be provided on all exposed ing wholly impracticable. struction that the completed structure sides of stairway floor openings (except 50-201.2ft Itiuinay guarding. at entrance to stairway). Standard toe shall be capable of withstanding a load of a t least 200 pounds applied in any boards shall be provided also, except in Every runway shall be guarded by a direction at any point of the top rail. stair towers. railing constructed in accordance with >eJ Toe board: A toe board sh a ll bo sections 50-204.27 and 50-204.29 on all 4 inches in vertical height from top edge 50--204.18 Laddcrwny fiuor opening-. open sides 5 feet or more above floor or to the level of the floor, platform, ru n Every ladderway floor opening shall ground level. Wherever tools, machine way, or ramp. It shall be securely fas be guarded by a standard railing with parts or materials are likely to be used on tened in place and with not more than \ 4 standard toe board on all exposed sides, the runway, a toe board shall also be inch clearance above floor level. It may except a t entrance to opening. provided on each exposed side. be made of any substantial material W ednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13813 either solid or with openings not over 1 5 0 -2 0 4 .4 9 P a in tin g o f w ooden ladders. 50--2 0 4 .6 4 P ip e an d other long slock. inch in length. . E levators 50-204.34 Elevator inspection.. Elevator inspection by a competent elevator inspection service or mainte nance contract on an annual basis will be acceptable as evidence of satisfactory installation and maintenance. 50-204.35 Hoistways. Wooden ladders shall not be painted, as painting covers up defects. Linseed oil or oil stain shall be used instead. 50-204.50 Stepladders. All stepladders shall be provided with an automatic locking device or spreader of not more than 40 degrees to hold the front and back sections in open position. 50-204.51 Fixed ladders. Pipe and other long stock shall be stored in suitable racks or blocked to prevent spreading or rolling. Projecting ends shall be protected by location, rail ings, or barriers. 50--20 4 .6 5 H azard o u s chem icals. Hazardous chemicals shall be distinc tively marked to indicate their nature and stored in containers or locations suitable to the material. All hoistway openings a t the floor level (a) Rest platforms: If fixed ladders 50--204,66 Gases in cylinders. to the elevator shall be protected by are used to ascend to heights exceeding doors or gates either manually or me 30 feet, a landing or rest platform, shall (a) Cylinders shall be supported in an chanically operated, and interlocked with the elevator control so that it is be provided for each 30 feet or fraction upright position so as to prevent them from falling or rolling. impossible to start the elevator until the thereof unless the ladder is provided with safety cages. (b) Cylinders shall be kept away door or gate is locked in the closed posi tion, and also so th a t it is impossible to <b> Rails: Rails of fixed ladders to from excessive heat, such as the direct rays of the sun. open the door or gate when the car is landings shall extend a distance of at least 3 feet above the landing. (c) Cylinders shall be stored away not at the landing. from combustible materials. (c) Rungs: The rungs may be omitted (d) Empty cylinders shall be plainly 50--20 4 .3 6 U n d er cur safety device. above the landing. Where an employee marked "EMPTY," and the valves shall All elevators other th a n hydraulic ele must step a greater distance th an 14 be closed. The empty cylinders shall be vators shall be equipped with an under inches from the ladder to roof, tank, segregated from the full cylinders and car safety device operated by speed gov hoist, etc., a landing shall be provided. returned to the supplier as soon as ernor control th a t will hold the elevator <d> Guard rails: All fixed ladder practicable. in case of cable failure or over speeding. landings shall be equipped with a stand (e) Valve covers shall be kept in place 5 0 --2 0 4 .3 7 H atc h lim it controls. ard guard rail and toe boards, so ar a t all times when the cylinder is not in ranged as to give the safest possible ac use. All types of elevators shall be equipped cess to the ladder. Such platforms shall O utdoor S torage with upper and lower travel limit de not be less th an 24 inches in width. vices th at will normally bring the car to 50--201.71 Aisle spacing. rest at either terminal, and a final limit Aisl e s and P assageways ' Aisles shall be maintained between switch th a t will prevent the movement 5 0 -2 0 4 .5 6 M aintenance, piles, between buildings, and between in either direction if opened by the car as the result of excessive over travel in Permanent aisles and passageways piles and the boundary of the storage site. Aisles shall be wide so as to reduce either direction. shall be kept clear and in good repair, the danger of spread of fire from pile to I llumination with no obstructions across or in aisles th at might cause tripping. Where, due pile and to permit ready access for fire 50--2 0 4 .4 2 M in im u m standards. to lack of proper identification, aisles fighting or material. emergency removal of <a) Illumination shall be provided and and passageways are likely to become hazardous, they shall be clearly defined 50-204.72 H ousekeeping. distributed to all working areas as re by painted lines, curbings, or other quired in these regulations. The entire storage site shall be kept (b) Seeing tasks requiring discrimina methods of marking. free from unnecessary accumulations of tion of fine detail under conditions of 5 0 -2 0 4 .5 7 Aisle widths. combustible materials. Weeds and grass fair contrast and where the nature of the work is very exacting and prolonged shall be kept down and the area kept Where industrial trucks are in custom clean. shall be provided with a minimum of 100 ary use, one-way traffic aisles shall be at least 2 feet wider than the widest vehicle. 50--20 4 .7 3 D rain ag e. foo(ct-)caSnedeliensgotaf sikllsurmeqinuaitriionng. discrimina Two-way aisles shall be a t least 3 feet Proper drainage shall be provided. tion of detail over prolonged periods of wider than twice the width of the widest 50--204.74 C learance sign's. time and under conditions of moderate vehicle. Clearance signs to warn of clearance contrast shall be provided with a mini mum of 50 foot-candles of Illumination. M aterial S torage limits shall be provided. (d) Seeing tasks requiring moderate 5 0 -2 0 1 .6 2 H eight. 50--2 0 4 .7 5 D erail am i b u m p er lilm le , discrimination of detail over Intermit (a) All material in bags, containers, or Derail and bumper blocks shall be pro tent periods of time and under conditions bundles, stored in tiers, shall be stacked, vided on spur tracks. of normal contrast shall be provided with blocked, interlocked, and limited in a minimum of 30 foot-candles of height so th a t it is stable, so th a t it is 5 0 -2 0 4 .7 6 Traffic control signs. illumination. secure against sliding or collapse. Traffic control signs to warn pedes (o) Casual seeing tasks not involving (b) Where automatic sprinkler pro trian, vehicular, and railroad traffic shall discrimination of fine detail shall be pro vided with a minimum of 10 foot-candles tection is provided, clearance of a t least be provided. of illumination. 18 inches shall be maintained between 5 0 -2 0 4 ,7 7 O pen pits, tanks, vats, if) Rough seeing tasks not requir the tops of materials and the underside ditches, etc. ing critical seeing shall be provided sotfruclotuwreesst. bWeahmerse roerlianoctheeirs polavceerhdeoand Covers or guard rails shall be provided williuthmianamtioinnimum of 5 foot-candles of hfeoeste sshtarellambse, mclaeianrtaanicneedofbeatwt eleenastthe3 tdoitcphreost,ecettca. ll neoapren wphiitcsh, tapnekops,le vaatrse, L adders tops of piles and the underside of the regularly employed. 50-204.17 Construction and use of portable ladders. lowest beams, girders, or other obstruc F lammable L iquids Portable ladders shall be substantially tions which restrict the play of hose streams over the material. 5 0 --2 0 L 8 2 Sources o f ignition. built, set level and well secured. All sources of ignition shall be pro 50--2 0 4 .4 8 R ails o f p o rta b le ladder*. 5 0 -2 0 4 .6 3 S m all article. hibited in areas where flammable liquids Rails of portable ladders shall always Small articles shall be stored in con arc stored, handled, and processed. project a t least three feet above work tainers suitable to the material, such as Suitable warning and "No Smoking" ing level and shall be of sound material. small cans or trays th at can be stacked. sig n s shall be posted in all su c h areas. W ednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13815 it and the pressure reducer. There shall equal to eight diameters of the cable, or 5 0 --204 .1 3 9 P ro leclio n to o ilie r em be no means of cutting ofT or bypassing when the wires on th e crown of the ployees. this safety valve. Inspection and ade strand are worn down to less th a n 60 In all cases employees In the immedi quate maintenance of the vessel, Includ percent of their original diameter. ate vicinity of welding operations shall ing regular testing of the safety valve, (d) Crane hoist cable shall be lu be protected in accordance with sections are mandatory. bricated and inspected a t frequent 50-204.269 and 50-204.298, 5 0 -2 0 4 .1 2 2 U nfired pressu re vessels. intervals. 50--2 0 4 .1 4 0 luei-i-gu u ictal-arc w eld, (a) Air receivers shall be so in sta lle dV e n t il a t io n and P rotection and C u ttin g in W elding ing. that all drains, handholes, and manholes Since the inert-gas m etal-are welding therein are easily accessible. 5 0 - 2 0 1 .1 3 5 W elding a n d c u ttin g in process involves the production of u ltra <b) Ah' receivers shall be supported confined puces. violet radiation of intensities five to with sufficient clearance to permit a com For the purpose of this section a con thirty times th at produced during plete external inspection and to avoid fined space shall mean: shielded metal-arc welding, the decom corrosion of external surfaces. (a) A space of less than 10,000 cubic position of chlorinated solvents by u ltra (c) Under no circumstances shall air feet per welder, or violet rays, and the liberation of toxic receivers be buried underground or lo (b) A space having an overhead height fumes and gases, employees shall not be cated in an inaccessible place. of less th an 16 feet, or permitted to engage in, or be exposed to (d) The receiver shall be located as Cc) A space in which there are struc the process unless: close to the compressor or aftercooler tural barriers to the extent th a t they <a> The use of chlorinated solvents as Is possible to beep the discharge short. significantly obstruct cross ventilation. is kept a t least 200 feet from the exposed (e) The receiver shall be located in a arc; surfaces prepared with chlorinated cool place to facilitate the condensation 50--2 0 4 .1 3 6 V en tilatio n in co n fin ed solvents are thoroughly dry before of moisture and oil vapors. puces. welding is permitted on such surface. T oots kb Equipment All welding and cutting operations car (b) Shaded goggles with side shields ried on in confined spaces shall be ade are worn by helpers and others in the 50--2 0 4 .1 2 7 M a in te n an ce . quately mechanically ventilated to pre area not protected from the arc by Each employer shall be responsible for vent the accumulation of toxic gases or screening. the safe condition of the tools used by his possible oxygen deficiency or air sup (c) Protective clothing Is worn by employees, whether furnished by him or plied respirators approved by the U.S. welders and others within the area ex by them, and be sure th a t such tools are Bureau of Mines shall be provided to the posed to radiation so th a t the skin is suited by safe design and construction welder and all other personnel in the covered completely to prevent bum s and for the work to be done. immediate vicinity. other damage by ultraviolet rays; shirts 5 0 -2 0 4 .1 2 8 P o rta b le electric pow er 50--2 0 4 .1 3 7 M eclutnictd v en tila tio n . worn are dark in color to reduce reflec tion to the face from underneath the lo o k . Mechanical ventilation shall consist of helmet; exposed cotton clothing is cov (a) Electric power tools showing worn, either general ventilation systems or lo ered since It disintegrates rapidly when deteriorated or inadequate insulation, cal exhaust systems. exposed to high intensities of ultraviolet split or chipped plugs, worn or bent <a) General ventilation shall be a t the rays; welding helmets and hand shields plugs, terminals, defective switch, shall minimum ra te of 2,000 cubic feet per are free of leaks and openings, and free be repaired. minute per welder. of highly reflective surfaces. (b) Portable electric power tools shall (b) Local exhaust shall consist of <d> Local exhaust ventilation or sup be effectively grounded to maintah a t all freely movable hoods intended to be plied air respirators are provided in all times an effective ground on the non placed by the welder as near as prac cases when doing inert-gas m etal-arc current carrying parts of the tools. ticable to the work being welded and pro welding of stainless steel to protect vided with a rate of air flow sufficient to against dangerous concentrations of 5 0 -2 0 4 .1 2 9 P o rta b le p n eu m atic tools, m aintain a velocity in the direction of nitrogen dioxide. <a) The operating trigger on portable hand-operated pneumatic equipment the hood of 100 linear feet per minute in the zone of welding when the hood is at 50-204.M l G eneral welding and cut shall be so located as to minimize the its most remote distance from the point ting. possibility of accidental operation and of i/elding. Welding and cutting not Involving shall be arranged to close the air inlet valve automatically when the pressure 50-204.138 W elding and cutting in conditions or materials described in sec tions 50-204.135 and 50-204.138 may of the operator's hand is removed. volving m entis o f to x ic significance. normally be done without special pre (b) A tool retainer shall be installed (a) Welding and cutting involving the cautions, but where, because of unusual on each piece of pneumatic equipment following m etals whether or not in con physical or atmospheric conditions, a which, without such a retainer, may fined spaces or in other enclosed spaces harm ful accumulation of contaminants eject the tool. shall be done In accordance with the pro would exist, mechanical ventilation or (c) No tool change or work other than visions of sections 204.136 and 204.137. suitable respiratory protective equipment regular operations shall be made or done (1) Zinc-bearing base of filler metals shall be provided. on any piece of portable hand-operated or metals coated with zinc-bearing m a E lectrical I nstallation and E quipm ent pneumatic equipment unless the stop terials. valve in the air line supplying th at equip (2) Lead base metals. 5 0 -2 0 1 .1 4 8 Klcrlriral installation ami m ent is closed. (3) Cadmium-bearing filler materials, equipm ent. ib) Welding or cutting involving the Electrical conductors and equipment 50--2 0 4 .1 3 0 Cubic., rope, an d chains. following m etals in confined spaces shall installed within or on buildings and (a) Chains, ropes, cables, hooks, rings,be done using local exhaust ventilation other premises and the conductors that slings, and other devices and accessories or air-line respirators approved by the connect the installation to a supply of used for hoisting and lifting shall not be U.S. Bureau of Mines. electricity and other outside conductors subjected to greater working loads than <1) Metals containing lead, other than adjacent to the premises shall conform recommended by their manufacturers. as an impurity, or metals coated with to the minimum requirements of the Na They shall be frequently inspected and lead-bearing materials, including paint. tional Electrical Code, 1959 Edition, shall be renewed when inpection reveals (2) Cadmium-bearing or cadmium- National Fire Protection Association. unsafe conditions. coated base metals. tb) Bolts or nails shall not be used (3) Metals coated with m ercury-bear M echanical P o w e r T r a n sm issio n to connect, splice, or shorten chains. ing metals, including paint. A pparatus Knots shall not be tied in the chain. (4) Beryllium-containing base or filler 5 0 - 2 0 1.153 F lyw heels. (c) A hoist cable shali be consideredmetals. Because of its high toxicity, unsafe and shall be replaced when upon work involving beryllium shall be done Flywheels located so th at any p a rt is inspection 10 percent or more of the total with both local exhaust ventilation and 7 feet or less above floor or platform shall be guarded in one of the following ways: number of wires are broken in a length air-line respirators. 13816 RULES AND REGULATIONS (a) With an enclosure of sheet, perf sides of the trough shall extend a t least (c) Horizontal overhead belts more orated, or expanded metal, or woven 2 inches beyond the shafting or protu berance. For requirements regarding than 7 feet above floor or platform shall be guarded for their entire length under wire. For standards, see sections 50 204.179 and 50-204.180. , materials and construction, see sections the following conditions: (b) With guard rails placed not less 50-204.170 and 50-204.181. (1) If located over passageways or work places and traveling 1800 feet or than 15 inches nor more than 20 Inches from rim. When flywheel extends into 50-204.159 Guarding vertical and In clined shafting. more per minute. pit or is within 12 inches of floor, a (2) If center to center distance Vertical and inclined shafting 7 feet between pulleys is 10 feet or more. standard toe board shall also be provided. For standards, see section 50-204.185. or less from floor or working platform, (3) If belt is 8 inches or more in width. <c) An adjustable guard to be used for excepting maintenance runways, shall be nclosed with a stationary casing in For detail of guard construction and for sizes of material see section 50-204.183 starting the engine or for running ad justment may be provided a t the fly accordance with requirements of sections and table following section 50-204.184. wheel of gas or oil engines. A slot 50-204.179 and 50-204.181. <d> Where the upper and lower runs of horizontal belts are so located th at opening for the jack bar will be 50--204.160 P ro jectin g sh a ft ends. passage of persons between them would permitted. (d) Wherever flywheels are above (a) Projecting shaft ends shall pre be possible, the passage shall be either: working areas, guards shall be installed sent a smooth edge and end and shall <1) Completely barred by a guard rail having sufficient strength to hold the not project more than one-half the di ameter of the shaft unless guarded by or other barrier In accordance with sec tions 50-204.179 and 50-204.181, or weight of the flywheel in the event of a shaft or wheel mounting failure. . nonrotating caps or safety sleeves. (2) Where passage Is regarded as nec (b) Unused key-ways shall be filled essary, there shall be a platform over the 5 0 -2 0 4 .1 5 4 C ranks an d connecting up or covered. lower run guarded on either side by a rods. Cranks and connecting rods, when ex 50--204.161 Power-transmission appa railing completely filled in with wire mesh or other filler, or by a solid barrier. posed to contact, shall be guarded in ratus located in basements. The upper run shall be so guarded as to accordance with sections 50--204.179 and All mechanical power transmission ap prevent contact therewith either by the 50-204.180 or by a guard rail as described paratus located In basements, towers, worker or by objects carried by him. In in section 50-204.185. and rooms used exclusively for power power plants, only the lower run of the transmission equipment shall be guarded belt need be guarded. 50-204.155 Tail rods or extension piston rod's. in accordance with these standards, ex 5 0 --2 0 4 .1 6 4 Overhead chain and link cept that the requirements for safe Tail rods or extension piston rods shall guarding belts, pulleys, and shafting hell drives. be guarded in accordance with sections may be omitted if the following con Overhead chain and link belt drives 50-204.179 and 50-204.181 or by a guard ditions are met: are governed by the same rules as over rail on sides and end, with a clearance ia) The basement, tower, or room oc head horizontal belts and shall be of not less than 15 nor more than 20 cupied by transmission equipment Is guarded In the same manner as belts inches when rod is fully extended. locked against unauthorized entrance. (section 50-204.163). 50-204.156 Governor balls. (b) The vertical clearance in passage 5 0 -2 0 4 ,1 6 5 V ertical and , inclined Governor balls 6 feet or less from the ways between the floor and power trans mission beams, ceiling, or any other ob bells. ' floor or other working level, when ex jects, Is not less than 5 feet 6 inches. (a) Vertical and Inclined belts shall be posed to contact shall be provided with (c) The footing Is dry, Ann, and level. enclosed by a guard conforming to an enclosure extending to the top of the <d) The route followed by the oiler Is standards in sections 50-204.179 and governors balls when a t their highest protected in such manner as to prevent 50-204.181. position. The material used In the con accidents. (b) All guards for inclined belts shall struction of this enclosure shall conform be arranged in such a manner that a to sections 50-204.179 and 50-204.181. 50-204.162 Pulleys. minimum clearance of 7 feet is main 50-204.157 Shufting insiallalion. Any parts of which are 7 feet or less tained between belt and floor at any (a) Each continuous line of shafting from the floor or working platform shall point outside of guard. shall be secured in a position against ex be guarded in accordance with the stand 50--204.166 V ertical hells. cessive end-wise movement. ards specified under section 50-204.179 and 50-204.181- Pulleys serving as bal Vertical belts running over a lower (b) Inclined and vertical shafts, par ticularly inclined idler shafts, shall be ance wheels (e.g., punch presses) on which the point of contact between belt pulley more than 7 feet above floor or platform shall be guarded at the bottom securely held in position against endwise thrust. and pulley Is more than 6 feet 6 Inches In the same manner as horizontal over head belts, if conditions are such as 50-204.158 Guarding horizontal shaft from the floor or platform may be guarded with a disk covering the spokes. stated in section 50-204.163(c) (1), (2), ing. See section 50-204.180. and (3). (a) All exposed parts of horizontal 50-2 0 4 .1 6 3 H orizontal bells, ropes and shafting 7 feet or less from floor or work rhain drives. ing platform, excepting runways used exclusively for oiling, or running adjust (a) Where both runs of horizontal belts ments, shall be protected by a stationary arc 7 feet or less from the floor level, the casing enclosing shafting completely or guard shall extend to at least fifteen by a trough enclosing sides and top or inches above the belt or to a standard sides and bottom of shafting as location height (see table, section 50-204.181) ex requires. cept that where both runs of a hori <b) Wherever shafting extends over a zontal belt are 42 inches or less from the driveway, it shall be protected as stated floor, the belt shall be fully enclosed above unless it is located 15 feet or more in accordance with sections 50-204.179 above driveway. and 50-204.181. In power plants or (c) Shafting under bench machines power-development rooms, a guard rail shall be enclosed by a stationary casing, may be used In lieu of the requirement or by a trough a t sides and top or sides in section. 50-204.163. and bottom, as location requires. The (b) Overhead horizontal belts, with sides of the trough shall come within at lower part 7 feet or less from the floor or least 6 inches of the underside of table, platform, shall be guarded on sides and or if shafting is located near floor, with bottom in accordance with section 50 in 6 inches of floor. In every case the 204.183. 50-204.167 Gone-pulley hells, (a) The cone belt and pulley shall be equipped with a belt shifter so con structed as to guard adequately the nippoint of the belt and pulley. If the frame of the belt shifter does not ade quately guard the nip-point of the belt and pulley, the nip-point shall be fur ther protected by means of a vertical guard placed in front of the pulley and extending at least to the top of the largest step of the cone. (b) If the belt is of the endless type o r laced with rawhide laces, and a belt shifter is not desired, the nip-point of the belt pulley shall be protected by a nip-point guard located in front of the cone extending at least to the top of the largest step of the cone, and formed to show the contour of the cone in order Wednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13817 to give the nip-point of the belt and covered with safety sleeves or where they 12 square feet, additional frame mem pulley the maximum protection. are used parallel with the shafting and bers shall be provided to maintain panel are countersunk or else do not extend area within this limit. (c) If the cone is located less than 3 feet from the floor or working plat beyond the flange of the coupling. (5) All joints of framework shall be form, the cone pulley and belt shall be G uard S tandards for M echanical made equivalent in strength to the ma guarded to a height of 3 feet regardless P ower T ransmission terial of the frame. of whether the belt is endless or laced with rawhide. 50-204.179 Muteriuls. 50-204.180 Bisk, shield, and " U" guards. 50-204.168 Gears. (a) Standard conditions will be se cured by the use of the following ma (a) Disk guard: A disk guard shall Gears shall be guarded in accordance terials: Expanded metal, perforated or consist of a sheet-metal disk not less with one of the following specifications: solid metal or wire mesh on a frame of than No. 22 gauge fastened by "U" bolts (a) A complete enclosure. angle iron or h'on pipe securely fastened or rivets to spokes of pulleys, flywheels, (b) A standard guard as described in to floor or to frame of machine (see sec or gears. Where possibility of contact section 204.181 at least 7 feet high ex tion 50-204.181). with sharp edges of the disk exists, the tending 6 inches above the mesh point (1) All metal shall be free from burrs edge shall be rolled or wired. In all of the gears. and sharp edges. cases the nuts shall be provided with lock (c) By a band guard covering the face (2) Wire mesh shall be of the type In nuts which shall be placed on the unex of the gear and having flanges extended which the wires are securely fastened at posed side of the wheel. . inward beyond the root of the teeth on every cross point either by welding, <b) Shield guards. the exposed side or sides. Where any soldering, or galvanizing, except in case (1) A shield guard shall consist of a portion of the train of gears guarded by of diamond or square wire mesh made of frame filled in with wire mesh, expanded, a band guard is less than 6 feet from the Wo. 14 gauge wire. % inch mesh or perforated, or solid sheet metal. floor a disk guard or a complete enclosure heavier. (2) If area of shield does not exceed to the height of 6 feet shall be required. (b) Design of guards: 6 square feet the wire mesh or expanded 5 0 -204.169 Sprockets an d chain. (1) Where it is necessary to change metal may be fastened in a framework All sprocket wheels and chains shall belts, make adjustments or apply oil or of % inch solid rod, % inch x % inch x be enclosed unless more than 7 feet grease, guards shall have hinged sec Vo inch angle iron or metal construction above the floor or platform. Where the tions or be removable. (2) Guards shall be designed so as not of equivalent strength. (3) Metal shields may have edges en drive extends over other machines or working areas, protection against fall to interfere with the usual machine op tirely rolled around a % inch solid iron ing shall be provided. erations, but give the maximum protec rod. All material of shield guard shall tion to the operator. meet the requirements of section S0-204.170 Opening for oiling. (c> Methods of manufacture: 50-204.181. When frequent oiling must be made, (1) Filler material shall be expanded (e> "U" Guards: A "U" guard con openings with hinged or sliding self metal, sheet or perforated metal, or sisting of a flat surface with edge mem closing covers shall be provided. All wire mesh and be securely fastened to bers shall be designed to cover the under points not readily accessible shall have frame. surface and lower edge of a belt, multiple oil feed tubes if lubricant is to be added (2> By welding to frame every 4 chain, or rope drive. I t shall be con while machinery is in motion. inches. By weaving through channel or structed of materials specified in table angle frame, or if No. 14 gauge % inch of section 50-204.181 and shall conform 50-204.171 Friction drives. mesh or heavier is used, by bending en to the requirements of sections 50 (a) The driving point of all friction tirely around rod frames. 204.183 and 50-204.184. Edges shall be drives when exposed to contact shall be (3) Where openings in pipe railing smooth, and if size of guard requires, guarded. are to be filled in with expanded metal, these edges shall be reinforced by rolling, (b) All arm or spoke friction drives and wire or sheet metal, the filler m aterial wiring, or by binding with angle or flat all web friction drives with holes in the shall be made Into panels with rolled iron. web shall be entirely enclosed. edges or bound with "V" or "U" edging (c) All projecting bolts on friction of No. 24 gauge or heavier sheet metal 50--204.181 Approved m aterials. drives where exposed to contact shall be fastened to the panels with bolts or rivets (a) Minimum Requirements. The guarded. spaced not more th an 5 inches center materials and dimensions specified in 50--204.1 7 2 Keys, set crows, and oilier projections. to center. The bound panels shall be fastened to the railing by sheet-metal clips spaced not more than 5 inches this section shall apply to all guards ex cept horizonal overhead belts, rope, All projecting keys, set screws and center to center. cable or chain guards more than 7 feet other projections in revolving parts shall (4) Where the design of guards re above floor, or platform. (For the latter, be removed or made flush or guarded by quires filled material of greater area than see table following section 50-204.184.) metal covers. This does not apply to TaiH.KOFSTAXiMTlDMatkjuat.m\M> DiMKVSIU.Vi keys or set screws within gear or sprocket casings or other enclosures, nor to keys, set screws, or oil cups In hubs of pulleys Cloarnucu from M inimum gauge (U.S. standard) or M inim um Height o ig n ard less than twenty inches In diameter .Millenni moving port at nil points Rurgetd mesi or opening allowable thickness from floor or where they are within the plane of the platform level rim of the pulley. {tinder 2"-...... No Hi........................... 5 0 -2 0 4 .1 7 3 Collar.. Woven wile... 2"-4"............... . . No, 10-......................... No 10-- ....................... All revolving collars, including split No. 12.-- ................... collars, shall be cylindrical, and screws Krpnndrd melai /UUndoer 4"--.-......... \44""-i"..................... No. 18.......................... No. 13........................... or bolts used In collars shall not project /Under 1"........... No 20.......- .................. beyond the largest periphery of the rcifoiatcd mela!. /tin d e r 4' No. 14...........................No. 22.......................-- collar. Sheet metnl . . . No- 22.......................... . jWoodvU"............... -- 50--201.1 7 4 Coupling. Wood or meta'strip mv^d- Under 4 i Metal No. IO._______ /Wood ft4".................... (a) Shaft couplings shall be so con 2"___ ... iM elal No. 1.............. structed as to present no hazard from Under 4". y/1width. /W ood -Vi".................... IM etat No. id ............. bolts, nuts, set screws, or revolving sur Wood nr mela! strip not emssed4 'M 3 " ................... I" width.. faces. /W ood .................... \ Mutai No. 10.......... (b) Bolts, nuts, and set screws will, Std. rail.. M in. 1 5 " -....-- - Jsee Standard for Railings .Section 204.Rtf. 20" - ................................. however, be permitted where they are No. 25Ir-P a rt II- RULES AND REGULATIONS 13818 (b) Framework: ^ 4 . belt and follow the line of the pulley to thA ceiling or be ca-rried to the nearest of the pulleys which the guard encloses thus forming a trough. These side filler for(lt)he fMraminiemwuomrk doifmaelnlsigounasrdosf emxacetepitlaiwall, thus enclosing the belt effectively. members shall be reinforced on the edges with V/z Inch x Va inch flab steel, riveted as noted in subparagraph (5) of this Where belts are so located as to make it impracticable to carry the guard to wall to the filling material a t not greater than paragraph shall be angle iron 1 inch x 1 inch x Va inch, metal pipe of % inch in or ceiling, construction of the guard 8 inch centers; the reinforcing strip shall be fastened or bolted to all guard sup side diameter or metal construction of shall be such as to enclose completely the top and bottom runs of belt; andl the face porting members with at least one % equivalent strength. *2) All guards shall be rigidly braced of pulleys. See section 50-204.163 <b) inch rivet or bolt at each intersection, and the ends shall be secured to the ceil every 3 feet or fractional part of their height to some fixed part of machinery and <c), .. <b) The guard and all its supporting ing with lag screws or bolts. The filling materials shall be fastened to the frame or building structure. Where guard is members shall be securely fastened to wall or celling by gimlet-point lag screws work of the guard and the filler supports exposed to contact with moving equip ment additional strength is necessary. or through bolts. In case of masonry by ^10 inch rivets spaced on 4 inch cen ters. The width of the multiple drive (3) The framework for all guards construction, expansion bolts shall oe shall be determined by measuring the fastened to floor or working platform and without other support or bracing used. ,, . <c) Suitable reinforcement shall be distance from the outside of the first to the outside of the last rope or chain in shall consist of lVz inch x l Vs inch x A provided for the ceiling rafters or over head floor beams, where such is neces the group accommodated by the pulley. inch angle iron, metal pipe or IV2 inch inside diameter or metal construction of sary, to sustain safely the weight and 50-204.185 Guard rails and toe boards. equivalent strength. All rectangular stress likely to be imposed by the guard. The interior surface of all guards, by (a) Guard rails shall be 42 inches in guards shall have at least 4 upright frame members each of which shall be which is meant the surface of the guard height, with mid-rail between top rail and floor. carried to the floor and be securely with which a belt will come in contact, shall be smooth and free from all pro (b) Posts shall be not more than 8 fastened thereto. ,, . . (4) Cylindrical guards shall have a t jections of any character, except where feet apart; they are to be permanent and substantial, smooth, and free from pro least 3 supporting members carried to construction demands it; protruding shallow round-head rivets may be used. truding nails, bolts, and splinters. If floor. , . <5) Guards thirty inches or less in Overhead belt guards shall be at least made of pipe, the post shall be VA inches Inside diameter, or larger. If made of height and with a total surface not in one-quarter wider than the belt which they protect, except that this clearance metal shapes or bars, their section shall excess of ten square feet m ay have a framework of % Inch solid rod, % inch need not in any case exceed 6 inches on be equal in strength to th a t of ly? by 1Vz by inch angle iron. If made of wood, x % inch x Va inch angle or metal con each side. Overhead rope drive and block and roller-chain-drive guards shall the posts shall be 2 x 4 inches or larger. struction of equivalent strength. The filling m aterial shall correspond to the be not less than 6 inches wider than the The upper rail shall be 2 x 4 inel :ls or two 1 x 4 strips, one a t the top anu one requirements of the table contained in drive on each side. a t the side of posts. The mid-rail shall paragraph (a) of this section. In' overhead silent chain-drive guards be 1 x 4 inches or more. The rails (c) The specifications given in paraw here the chain Is held from lateral (metal shapes, metal bars, or wood), graphs (a) and <b) of this section are the displacement on th e sprockets, the side shall be on that side of the posts which qiinimum requirements; where guards clearances required on drives of 20 mch gives the best protection and support. are exposed to unusual wear, deteriora centers or under shall not be less than Where panels are fitted with expanded tion or Impact, heavier m aterial and 14 inch from the nearest moving chain metal or wire mesh as noted in table, construction shall be used to protect p art and on drives of over 20 inch centers section 204.181 the middle rails may be amply against the specific hazards a minimum of Vz inch from the nearest omitted. Where guard Is exposed to involved. moving chain part. contact with moving equipment, addi 50-204-182 W ood guard. id) The table following section 50 tional strength may be necessary. 204.184 gives sizes ol materials to be (c) Toe boards shall be 4 inches or. (a) Wood guards may be used in the used and general construction of guards more In height, of wood, metal, or of woodworking and chemical industries, in for belts 10 Inches or more in width. metal grill not exceeding 1 inch mesh. industries where the presence of fumes No material for overhead belt guards or where manufacturing conditions should be smaller than th a t specified in M iscellaneous M achine G uarding would cause the rapid deterioration of this table for belts 10 to 14 inches wide, 5 0 -2 0 4 .1 9 0 L athes a n d autom atic metal guards; also in construction work even if the belt is less th an 10 inches in screw machines. and in locations outdoors where extreme width. However, No. 20 gauge sheet cold or extreme heat makes metal guards metal may be used as a filler on guards (a) Chucks and face plates shall be and railings undesirable. In all other industries, wood guards will not be for belts less than 10 Inches wide. Ex panded metal, because of the sharp free from projections, and dogs, if used, shall be of the safety type only--circular allowed. edges, shall not be used as a filler in hori in shape with no projections beyond the (b) Material and construction. (1) Wood shall be sound, tough, and zontal belt guards. <e) For clearance between guards and periphery. _ . .. (b) Chip guards to catch flying ehtps, free from -any loose knots. (2) Guards shall be made of planed belts, ropes or chains of various center particularly in the case of the high speeds used in the softer metals, shall be lumber not less than one inch rough to center dimensions between the shafts, see bottom of table following section provided. . , .. . broouanrddemd eoaffs.ure and edges and corners 50-204.184. <c ) Rotating stock in turret lathes ana automatic screw machines shall be com (3) Wood guards shall be securely 5 0 -2 0 4 .1 8 4 G u ard f o r h o riz o n ta l pletely enclosed in pipe long enough to fastened together with wood screws, hard ow rlicm l rope anil eliain drives. contain the longest stock used. wood dowel pins, bolts, or rivets. . (4) While no definite dimensions are Overhead-rope and chain-drive guard (d) Suitable shields and oil catchers shall be provided to prevent slipperiness given under this heading for framework construction shall conform to section 60-- 204.183 for overhead-belt guard con from oil thrown from the automatic or filler materials, wood guards shall be struction of similar width, except th a t screw machines. equal in strength and rigidity to metal the filler materials shall be of the solid guards specified in section 50-- type as shown in table following section 50-204.191 Drill presses. 204.181(a) (b)(c). J 50- 204.181 (a) unless the fire hazard de (5) For construction of standard wood (a) All projections on the rotating spindle and as much as possible of the railing, see section 50-204.185. mands the use of open construction. A side guard member of the same solid fill spindle itself should be guarded. 50-204.183 Guards f o r horizontal ing material shall be carried up in a (b) Spindle drive belts, when m range of the operator's head or body, shall be overhead belts. vertical position 2 inches above the level of the lower run of the rope or chain guarded to protect the operator from (a) belts Guards for horizontal shall run the entire length oovf etrhheeaddrive and 2 Inches within the periphery both contact and breakage. W ednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13819 OCARD ItEOlJlRKMENTS FOR HORIZONTAL OVEBtlEAD BELTS, BOTES, AND CHAINS 7 FEET OB MORE ABOVE F loor or P latform Monitors Over 10" to 14" incl. Width Over 14" to 24" Inch O ver 24" Material Framework.......................... Filler (belt guards)-- .......... Filler and vortical sldo member.. Filler supiiorta..................... Guard supports....................... lM "x U4"x Jt"- M" x)fa"......... No. 20 A.W.G__ 2" s lit" fla t iron. 2"X W 2" x 2" x Mo"........ 2"xWa".......... - No. 18 A.W.G---- 2"xH" flat Iron.. 2 " x ? 4 " ........... . 2" x Me"----------No. 18 A.W.G... SU" X2M" X" anglv. 2W" x 94"......... Angle Iron, Flat iron. Solid shoot metal. Flat St Anglo. Flat Iron, VASTEtilNOS Killer supports to framework-- Filler Unis to supports (belt etlards) , . Filler to franio ami supjHjrts (ruiw aml chain guards). Guard supports to framework--. Guard HTHlimpiHirls lo overhead ei'illtie. (2) 'ir/'. (1) fio". 5io" rivets spaced. (2) 54" ________ li" x il''" lag screws or holts. (2) H" (1) fio" (fl) Vi" (2)54". lllvets. Flush rivets. s"cenlersonsf(Ics und 4" centers on bottom. (2) Mo"............ '4" x 4" lag screws or H " holts. (2) 94".............. ?i" x 0" lag scrows or ? i" holts, Rivets or holts, bag screws or twits. DETAILS - SI'ACING, KTC. W idth ot guards........................... . Simcing betwcon filler supports. Spacing bolwcuu filler flat (belt guards). Spacing between guard supports 22"0"ca-Gipl,taitarort_UC_T_. .wider Ilian hell, rope, 10" C. to V. 2Yi" apart-- or chain drive. 10" C. l o C .. ...... 3" apart....... ... 30" C. to C 30" C. to C--------- 3G" C. to C ___ OTHER BELT r.lIARD TILLING PERMITTED Sheet metal fastened os in rope and chain guards. Woven wire, 2" tnesh---------- Nu, 20 A.W .G .. No. 18 A.W.G No. 12 A.W .G----- No. 10 A.W.G. No. 18 A.W .G. No. 8 A.W .G .. Solid or perforutod. CLEARANCE THOM OUTSID E o r nE L T , R O PE, OB d lA IN D R IV E TO O lIA IlD Distancecenter toccntcrotsliafts. Ul> to 1' Clearance from bolt, rope, or chain to guard. --- Ovct 15' to 2.Vilici10".................. - -- Over 25't to' ucl!5"..........................- 2O0v" .er 40'. (b) General requirements for point of operations guarding. Every point of op eration guarding device shall be simple and reliable in construction, application, and adjustment, ft shall be perma nently attached to the press or the die. I t shall not offer any accident hazard in itself. (1) The device shall be designed and constructed so that it Is impossible for the operator to place or permit his hand or fingers to remain within the danger zone created by the movement of th e ram. (2) Care shall be used in tire selection of the method of guarding for each par ticular job. Guards shall be installed, maintained, and adjusted to produce safe operation a t each setting of the press. (3) Guards which are attached to the ram and which move downward so th at th e operator's hand or fingers m ight toe caught between gate and lower die shall not be used. (c) Fixed barrier guard. (1) A fixed barrier guard is an enclosure to prevent the hands or fingers of the operator from entering the area between the dies. It may be attached to the press or individ ual guards may be attached to the dies. (2) There shall be no exposed shear points between the guard and any mov ing part. (3) Openings in the guard or between the guard and working surface shall not be greater thah those shown in the Table below: 5 (f-2 0 4 .I9 2 P inners tmd sim pers (m etal). (a) The spaces between the Ways oi planer frames shall be filled in smoothly with heavy sheet metal to eliminate the shear hazard. (b) Where there is not a 12-inch clearance between a fixed object and the planer table and the work carried on the table, a railing shall be provided between the fixed object and the table and the work on the table to protect workers passing between the fixed object and the planer. 50-204.193 Shears. (a) Alligator shears shall be guarded by running a heavy U-shaped metal strap horizontally around the moving (upper) jaw with the lower edge of the strap just far enough above the cutting edge of the fixed (lower) jaw to allow the m aterial to be inserted in the shears. (b) Squaring shears shall be provided with a fixed barrier which clears the top of the table by not more than % inch plus the minimum thickness of material for which used. Automatic clamps shall be acceptable as guards when cutouts are filled in so th a t fingers of the op erator cannot enter the danger zone. 5 0 --2 0 4 .1 9 4 G u illo tin e c u tte rs, pow erdriven. (a) Power-driven guillotine cutters shall be equipped with a guard or device which will prevent the hands of the workers from entering the zone traveled by the knife while the knife is in motion. This m ay be a fixed barrier or it may consist of a two-handed device requiring the simultaneous use of the worker's two hands a t points outside the zone of danger. (b) In addition to the point of opera tion guard or device described in sec tion 50-204.194(a), the power-driven guillotine cutter shall be provided with an arrangement which will prevent the cutter from making a second strobe until the lever or two-handed device is again used. 50--2 0 4 .1 9 5 P ow er presses. (a> Safeguarding classification. One or more means of safeguarding the press a t the point of operation shall be pro vided and used on every power press, depending upon the method of feeding, in accordance with the following; S afeguarding C lassification method of ceding press Safeguarding required Automatic feed: Fixed barrier guard or Automatic roll feed. gate guard (section A utomatic p u s h , 50-204.195 (c), (d) pull or dial feed. Semiautomatic feed: Fixed barrier guard or Chute feed (both gate guard (section gravity an d fol- 60-204.185 ( c) . (d) tow feed). Slide or push feed. Sliding dies. Dial feed. Revolving dies. Manual feed............... Fixed barrier guard tv g a t e guard, twohand tripping device, or pull-out guard, electronic s w e e p guard (section 50 204.195 (c), (d), (e ), (f), (g). (h)> P ermissible Openings (inches) Distance of opening Maximum from nip point: width of opening oy2 to v/n--------------- -------.......... v* iys t o 2y2......................................... % 214 to z y 2-- ................................ ..-- % 3(4 t o 5 (4 --------- % 51,6 t o 6!/a _------- % 6(4 t o 7 (4 --------------------- 7* 7(4 to 8(4----------------------------- 1(4 (4) For the portion of the guard be tween the operator and the die or work ing area, it is required th a t ?i0-inch minimum vertical steel rods, vertically slotted material, or shatterproof, non flammable, transparent material be used. Mesh, or perforated plate shall not be used between the operator and the die. (5> Any hinged or movable section of a fixed barrier guard shall be con nected to an interlocking device th a t will prevent tripping the press while the sec tion is open. (d) Gate guards, ( li A gate guard is a movable barrier arranged so th a t it completes the enclosure of the point of operation before the operating clutch can become engaged. (2) Openings in the barrier of the gate guard shall be not greater than those specified for the openings in fixed barrier guards in section 50-204.195(c) (3). The mechanism of the guard shall be de signed so th a t there will be no positive linkage or other close motion which may trap the hand of the operator. (3) Gate guards shall include either fixed or movable side enclosures around the die. 13820 RULES AND REGULATIONS (4) When the speed of the ram is soreach behind the guard In the danger g 50--2 0 4 .1 9 8 P laten presses. slow th at an operator m ight beat the zone before the ram has completed its Platen presses shall be provided with ram on the down stroke after the press downward stroke. an automatic feed device, an automatic has been tripped, the gate guard shall be (3) The sweep or sweeps shall not stop device, a guard gate or sweep motion designed so th a t the gate remains closed offer any hazard of or in themselves by device, or another device, all as defined until the ram has completed the down creating a shear hazard between the in this section. stroke. . J <c> Two-hand tripping device. (1) sweep arm and press tie rods, die straps, or other parts of the press or guard. (a) An automatic feed device is one which does not require the operator's Two-hand tripping devices include only <i> One-hand tripping device. W hen hand to be placed between the platen those which make it impossible to ever a press is set up so as to require and bed. trip the press without the simultaneous tripping the ram or plunger by one hand, (b) An automatic stop device is one use of both hands outside th e danger additional guarding as specified in sec which will prevent the platen from clos zone. I t shall be designed, located, and tion 50-204.195 shall be provided. ing If the hand or hands of the operator arranged so as to prevent tying, wedging, (j) Special hand toots. Hand tools are caught between the platen and the or otherwise securing one handle or but for placing and removing m aterial shall bed. ton or operating it with any gesture or be such as to perm it easy handling of (c) A guard, gate or sweep motion device and tripping the press while the m aterial without the operator's placing device, is one which will throw the op other hand may be In the danger zone. a hand in the danger zone. Such tools erator's hands out of the way before (2) On frictlon-clutcli-o p e r a t e d shall not be accepted in lieu of other the press closes. If the guard is of the presses, the controls shall be arranged so guarding as provided in this section. type which lifts the hands out of the th a t if any han d is removed from a con 5 0 -2 0 4 .1 9 6 F o o l presses. trol during the down stroke of the ram, danger zone, it shall rise at least 4 inches above the platen before the press closes. it will be instantly stopped. Foot presses shall be guarded by one The guard shall be arranged so that it <3) Where two or more persons are or more of the guards described In sec will prevent a shear between the guard engaged in the operation of a single tion 50-204.195 (a) to <d), inclusive. and the top of the platen. press, separate two-hand controls shall (a) Fixed barrier guards. Fixed bar (d) "Another device" is one th a t will be provided for each person, except that rier guards shall conform to section 50-- prevent the platen from closing on the an auxiliary foot control (air or electric) 204.195(c). operator's hands before they are removed may be used in lieu of one set of two-hand (b) Limitation of stroke. If a foot from between the platen and the bed. controls, provided the foot control is or kick press is guarded by limitation of 5 0 -2 0 4 .1 9 9 Abrasive w heels. located so th a t the nip point is out of the the ram stroke, the adjustm ent must be reach of th e operator, but the foot con set and locked securely in position to (a) The machine shall be securely trols shall in no case be less th an a dis limit the maximum travel of the ram to mounted on substantial floors, benches, foundations or other adequate structures. tance of 36 inches measured horizontally % inch on each stroke. There shall (b) Guards. Every stationary abra from the nip point. (f) Pull-out guards. (1) be no pinching or crushing hazards be Pull-outtween other parts of the ram or die shoe. sive wheel and portable wheel used in guards shall be so constructed as to (c) Gate guards. A gate shall be de stationary position shall be equipped with a hood or band guard strong enough be attached to the operator's hands or arms and connected to the ram, signed to close the opening a t the front of the press before th e foot lever can to withstand the shock of a bursting plunger, or outer slide of the press In be operated. wheel. A guard of this type shall also be used on every portable wheel where such a way th a t the operator's hands and fingers will be withdrawn from the (d) Two-hand operation. Two-hand operations shall conform to section 50- the nature of the work will permit. danger zone before the ram, plunger, or 204.195(e). (c) Spindle. The spindle and nut and flange projection, if any, shall be outer slide descends to a hazardous point. (e) Sweep guards. Sweep guards shall conform to section 50-204.195(h). guarded. (d) Mountings and fastenings. Hoods (2) Where the open distance between the top of the work and the lower ex (f) Pull-out guards. Pull-out guards shall be mounted so as to maintain trem ity of the punch is less th an 2 inches shall conform to section 50-204.195 (f>. <g) Location. Foot presses shall not proper alignment with the wheels, and the strength of the fastenings shall ex the multiplying action of this guard shall be such th at the hands will be with be located in a position which will permit ceed the strength of the hood. drawn a safe distance before this open the operating lever to extend into an (e) Dust exhaust provisions. Hoods distance is V* closed. aisle or passageway. on machines used for dry grinding and <h) Mounting. Foot presses shall be other operations where dust is produced (g) Electronic safety device. An electronic safety device shall be(1) securely bolted to the floor. shall have provisions made for connec so designed and installed th at when 50-204.197 Ollier power-press safely tion to an exhaust system. <f) Work rests. Work rests shall be the operator's hand or any part of the devices. kept adjusted close to the wheel with a body is in the die zone, the press cannot be tripped and if the hand or any part (ft) Treadle guard. A substantial maximum distance of % inch to prevent of the body Is Inserted while the ram is guard shall be placed over the treadle of every foot-operated power press to the work from being caught between the wheel and the rest. in a downward motion, it will immedi ately stop the ram. ' prevent accidental tripping. 50--2 0 4 .2 0 0 Revolving d ru m s an d cyl (2) These guards shall be operated (b> Foot treadle. The use of tension inders. . from a circuit wired so th at interruption springs or counterweights on any treadle shaft or tension springs on any treadle- Every revolving barrel, drum or other of the electric current will automatically prevent the press from tripping until the shaft lever is prohibited. revolving container shall be guarded by an enclosure which is interlocked with current has been restored. <c) Latch on hand-operating lever. Hand-operated power presses, shall be the driving mechanism, so th a t the (3) Electronic safety devices shall not be used on positive clutch presses where equipped with a spring latch on the op barrel or drum cannot revolve unless the guard enclosure is in place. the ram continues for a complete stroke erating lever to prevent accidental or after each tripping of the press. premature tripping. 50-204.201 Fans. <h) Sweep guards, d ) Sweep guards (d) Interlocking device. Each hand When the periphery of the blades of a may be provided w ith eith er single or operated power press, If tended by more fan is less th a n 1 feet above the floor or double sweep arms. The sweep arm, th an one person a t one time shall con working level the blades shall be or arms, shall be connected to the ram form to the requirements of section 50- guarded. In such a way as to forcibly sweep the 204.195(e) (1) and (3). hands of the operator from the die zone (e) Single-stroke attachments. On W oodworking M achinery as the ram or plunger descends and be positive-type clutch presses a single 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 0 8 C ircular ta b le sa w s. fore there is danger of injury. stroke attachm ent shall be provided, by (2) Sweep guards shall be so designed which the treadle or operating lever Is (a) Guards. Each circular saw shall and operated th at the operator cannot disconnected after each stroke. be guarded by a hood which shall com- Wednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13821 pletely enclose th at portion of the saw from flying splinters, broken saw teeth, etc., and will deflect sawdust away from zontal head shall be equipped with a cylindrical cutting head, the knife pro above the table and shall be arranged so th at the hood will automatically adjust the operator. The sides of the lower jection of which shall not exceed Ye inch itself to the thickness of, and remain In exposed portion of the blade shall be guarded to the full diameter of the blade beyond the cylindrical body of the head. (2) The clearance between the edge contact with, the m aterial being cut. Where there is a possibility of contact by a device th a t will automatically ad of the rear table and the cutter head with a portion of a circular saw beneath just itself to the thickness of the stock and remain in contact with stock being shall be not more th an */a inch. The table throat opening shall be not more or behind the saw table, that portion shall be covered with a guard to prevent cut to give maximum protection possible than 2Ya inches when tables are set or aligned with each other for zero cut. accidental contact with the saw. for the operation being performed. (b) Spreaders. Each circular ripsaw (b) Spreaders. When radial saws are cb) Automatic guards. (1) Each shall be furnished with a spreader to used for ripping, a spreader shall be pro vided meeting the requirements ex hand-fed jointer with a horizontal cutting head shall have an automatic prevent material from squeezing the saw or being thrown back on the operator. pressed in section 50-204,20B(b). guard which will cover all the section of the head on the working side of the A spreader need not be used for work (c) Non-kickback fingers or dogs. Each radial saw used for ripping shall fence or gage. The guard shall keep which is restricted to grooving, dadoing, or rabbeting. be provided with non-kickback fingers or the operator's hand from coming in con tact with the revolving knives. The (c) Non-kickback fingers or dogs. Each circular ripsaw shall be provided dogs located on both sides of the saw so as to oppose the thrust or tendency of guard shall automatically adjust itself to with non-kickback fingers or dogs so the saw to pick up the m aterial or to throw it back toward the operator. cover the unused portion of the head and remain in contact with the material located as to oppose the thrust or tend ency of the saw to pick up the material (d) Adjustable stops and return de at all times. or to throw it back toward the operator. vices. An adjustable stop shall be pro vided to prevent the forward travel of the (2) Each hand-fed jointer with hori zontal cutting head shall have a guard 5 0 -2 0 4 ,2 0 9 Swing and sliding cut-off blade beyond the position necessary to which will cover the section of the head saws. complete the cut in repetitive operations. back of the gage or fence. The requirements expressed in this 50--204.212 P o rta b le c irc u lar sows. <3) Each wood jointer with vertical head shall have either an exhaust hood section.apply to all swing cut-off saws and to those sliding cut-off saws which All portable power-driven saws shall or other guard so arranged as to enclose are mounted above the table. (a) Hood. Each of the saws to which be equipped with guards above and below the base plate or shoe. The upper guard completely the revolving head, except for a slot of such width as may be necesssary this section applies shall be provided shall cover the saw to the depth of the and convenient for the application of with a hood th a t shall completely en teeth, except for the arc required to m aterial to be jointed. close the upper half of the saw, the arbor permit the base to be tilted. The lower 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 1 5 W ood sh ap ers, lian d -fed end, and the point of operation at all guard shall cover the saw to the depth panel m isers, and sim ilar m achines, positions of the saw. The hood shall of the teeth, except for the minimum arc be constructed in such a manner and of required to allow proper retraction and (a) The cutting heads of each wood such m aterial th a t it will protect the contact with the work. When the tool shaper, hand-fed panel raiser, or other similar machine not automatically fed, operator from flying splinters and broken saw teeth. I t shall be designed so th a t is withdrawn from the work, the lower guard shall automatically and instantly shall be enclosed with a cage or adjust it will automatically cover the lower por return to covering position, able guard designed to keep the opera tor's hands away from the cutting edge. tion of th e blade, so th a t when the saw 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 1 3 B and saws a n d build re The diameter of circular shaper guards is returned to the back of the table the saws. shall be not less than the greatest di hood will rise on top of the fence, and when the saw is moved forward the hood (a) Enclosing band-saw blades. All portions of the saw blade shall be en ameter of the cutter. In no case shall a warning device of leather or other will drop on top of and remain in con tact with the table or material being closed or guarded, except for the work m aterial attached to the spindle be cut. ing portion of the blade between the bot acceptable. tom of the guide rolls and the table. (b> Cylindrical heads shall be used (b) counterweights. Each of the saws to which this section applies shall Band-saw wheels shall be fully encased. whenever the nature of the work will be provided with an effective device to The outside periphery of the enclosure shall be solid. The front and back of permit. (c) All double-spindle shapers shall return the saw automatically to the back of the table when released at any point the band wheels shall be either enclosed be provided with a starting and stopping in its travel. by solid m aterial or by wire mesh or device for each spindle. <c) Limit stops. Limit chains or other perforated metal. Such mesh or per 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 1 6 P inning, m olding, slick in g equally effective devices shall be provided forated metal shall be not less th an 0.037 inch (U.S. Gauge No. 20), and the open and m ulching muchines. to prevent the saw from swinging beyond the front or back edges of the table. ings shall be not greater th an % inch. (a) Each planing, molding, sticking, and matching machine shall have all <d) Latches. A latch or equivalent Solid material used for this purpose shall be of an equivalent strength and firm cutting heads, and saws if used, covered device shall be provided to prevent the saw from rebounding upon its return to ness. The guard for the portion of the by a metal guard. If such guard is con structed of sheet metal, the material used the rear of the table. blade between the sliding guide and the upper-saw-wheel guard shall protect the shall be not less th an Vie, inch in thick 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 1 Q Inv erted .-ng rut-off saws operator from the saw blade a t the front ness; and, if cast iron is used, it shall (jum p saws). and outer side. Brakes shall be pro be not less than :!i inch in thickness. (b) Where an exhaust system is used, Inverted swing-cut-off saws shall be vided to stop the wheel in.case of blade the guards shall form part or all of the provided with a hood th at will cover the p art of the saw th at protrudes above the bl*6lll06 (b) Tension. Each band-saw ma exhaust hood, and s h a ll be constructed of metal of a thickness not less than th at top of the table or above the material being cut. It shall automatically adjust chine shall be provided with a tension control device to indicate a proper ten specified in paragraph (a) of this section. <c> Feed rolls shall be guarded by a itself to the thickness of, and remain in sion for the standard saws used on the hood or suitable guard to prevent the contact with, the m aterial being cut. machine. cc) Jeed rolls, reed rolls of band re h a n d s of tlie opei'afcoi' fl'OlW COttt!Tl0 in 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 1 1 Kudin! saws. saws shall be protected with a guard to contact with the in-running rolls a t any point. The guard shall be fastened to (a) Hoods and guards. The upper hood shall completely enclose the upper prevent the hands of the operator from coming in contact with the in-running the frame carrying the rolls so as to re portion of the blade down to a point rolls a t any point. ' m ain in adjustment for any thickness of th a t will include the end of the saw 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 1 4 Jo in ters. (d) Surfacers or planers used in proc arbor. The upper hood shall be con structed in such a m anner and of such ca) Point of operation. <1) Each essing multiple pieces of material simul m aterial th a t it will protect the operator hand-fed planer and jointer with hori taneously shall be provided with sec- 13S22 RULES AND REGULATIONS tional infeed rolls having sufficient yield 50--204.232 Tools an d o th er nutlcriale. (c) Covered receptacles shall be kept in the construction of the sections to Tools, materials, or debris shall not in all toilet rooms used by women. provide feeding contact pressure on the stock, over the permissible range of be strewn about in a manner which may cause tripping or other hazards. 50--2 0 4 .2 4 2 room s. Construction of t o i l e t variation in stock thickness specified or for which, the machine Is designed. In 50--204.233 Receptacles fo r waste dis (a) Each toilet facility (closet) shall lieu of such yielding sectional rolls, suit posal. occupy a separate c o m p a r t m e n t , able section kickback finger devices shall Any receptacle used for decaying solid equipped with a door, latch, and clothes be provided at the infeed end. or liquid waste or refuse shall be so con hook. 50-204.217 Sanding machines. structed th at It does not leak and may be (b) The walls of compartments or conveniently and thoroughly cleaned, partitions between fixtures may be less (a) Feed rolls. Feed rolls of self-feed and ii shall be maintained in a sanitary than the height of room walls, but the sanding machines shall be protected with condition. Such a receptacle shall be top shall not be less than six feet from a semi-cylindrical guard to prevent the equipped with a tight-fitting cover. the floor and the bottom not more'than hands of the operator from coming in one foot from the floor. contact with the in-running rolls a t any point. The guard shall be constructed 50--204.234 moval. Sweeping ami refu se re (c) The door to every toilet room shall be fitted with an effective self-closing of heavy material firmly secured to the All sweepings, solid or liquid waste, device, and the entrance to the toilet frame carrying the rolls so as to remain refuse, and garbage shall be removed in rooms shall be so screened that the in in adjustment for any thickness of stock. such a manner as to avoid creating a terior of the toilet room is not visible The bottom of the guard shall come nuisance or menace to health and as from the workroom. down to within % inch of a plane formed often as necessary to maintain the place (d) The floors, walls, ceilings, parti by the bottom or contact face of the feed of employment in a sanitary condition. tions, and doors of all toilet rooms shall roll, where it touches the stock. <b) Drum sanding machines. Each T oilet F acilities and W ash R ooms be of a finish th at can be easily cleaned. drum sanding machine shall have an 50--2041239 S eparate toilet fo r each (e) Toilet rooms, except those in work exhaust hood, or other guard, arranged sex. places accessible to men only, shall be completely enclosed with solid material to enclose th e revolving drum, except for th a t portion of the drum above the table, Every place of employment shall be provided with adequate toilet facilities th a t is nontransparent from the outside. if a table is used. which are separate for each sex. 50--2 0 4 ,2 4 3 C hem ical loud* a n d (c) Disk sanding machines. Each privies. disk sanding machine shall have the 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 4 0 Location. exhaust hood, or other guard if no ex Toilet facilities shall be provided so as When chemical closets or. privies are haust system is required, arranged to to be readily accessible to all employees. permitted by local law they shall be of a type approved by the health authorities enclose the revolving disk, except for th a t portion of the disk above the table, Toilet facilities so located th at employees must use more than one floor-to-floor having jurisdiction and shall be main If a table is used. flight of stairs are not considered as tained in a sanitary condition. <d) Belt sanding machines. Belt readily accessible. 50-204.244 W ashing facilities. sanding machines shall be provided with guards at each nip point where the sand 50--204.241 W ater closets. Adequate facilities for maintaining ing belt runs on to a pulley. The unused Water closets, or chemical closets or personal cleanliness shall be provided in run of the sanding belt shall be guarded privies where permitted by local law, every place of employment. These shall against accidental contact. shall be provided for each sex and shall be convenient for the employees for be in accordance with the following whom they are provided and shall be H ousekeeping table. The number to be provided for maintained in a sanitary condition. fi 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 2 9 G eneral. each sex shall in every case be based on (a) At least one lavatory (wash basin) ' maximum number of persons of th at with adequate hot and cold water, shall All phases of employment, passage sex employed at any one time at work on be provided for every 20 employees (men ways, storerooms, and service rooms the premises for which the facilities are or women) or portion thereof, up to 100 shall be kept clean and orderly and in a furnished. When persons other than persons, and one lavatory (wash basin) sanitary condition. employees are permitted the use of toilet for each additional 25 persons or portion 50-204.230 Floors. facilities on the premises, a reasonable thereof. Twenty-four Inches of sink allowance shall be made for such other with individual faucet shall be considered (a) Floors of every workroom shall be persons in computing the minimum as equal to one lavatory. In all in maintained in a clean, and, so far as pos number of toilet facilities required. stances, a suitable cleansing agent shall seisbslees, aarderyusceodn, ddirtaioinna. geWshhearlel wbeetmprroinc- (a) be provided a t each wash place. Minimum (b) Where employees are exposed to tained, and false floors, platforms, mats, number of skin contamination by poisonous, infec or other dry standing places should be Number of persons facilities tious, or irritating material, one lavatory provided where practicable. 1 to 9.......................................... supplied wI ith hot and cold water, shall <b) Cleaning and sweeping shall be 10 to 24--_________________ 26 to 49---------------- 3 be provide2d for every 5 employees. done In such a manner as to minimize 50 to 74------------------------------- (c> O4ne shower bath with ample sup the contamination of the air with dust 75 to 100_____________________________ 5ply of hot and cold water from one and, so far as is practicable, should be Over 100.____ _____________________ (') fixture shall be supplied for every 15 done outside of working hours. (c) Every floor, working place, ar.d ! 1 for each additional so persons. workers, or portion thereof, exposed to excessive heat or to skin contamination passageway shall be kept free from pro Where 10 or more are employed, one by poisonous, infectious, or irritating truding nails, splinters, holes, or loose water closet less than the number speci material. boards, fied in the foregoing may be provided for (d) Individual hand towels, or sections 50-204.231 Flammable materials. men for each urinal, except th a t the thereof, of cloth or paper, or mechanical Oily rags, oily waste, waste paper and number of water closets in such cases may not be reduced to less than two- apparatus for drying the hands, shall be other flammable and combustible mate tm rds of the number specified in the provided. Proper Teeeptaeles or other rial shall be stored in tightly closed metal foregoing. Two feet of trough urinal sanitary means shall be maintained for containers. Magnesium and other flam shall be considered as equivalent to one the disposal of used towels. Towels for mable metal scraps shall not be mixed individual urinal. common use shall not be provided. with other scrap. All flammable scrap (b) An adequate supply of toilet paper (e) Adequate washing facilities shall material of any kind shall be removed with holder shall be provided for every be provided in every toilet room or ad from the work areas daily. water closet. ,, jacent thereto. Wednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13823 50-204.245 Change rooms. water the construction of the container Separate change or dressing rooms shall be such th at the ice does not come in direct contact with the water. shall be provided for each sex wher- (c) Open containers such as barrels, ever it is the practice to change from pails, or tanks for drinking water from street clothes or wherever it is necessary which the water must be dipped oi to change because the work performed poured, whether or not they are fitted involves exposure to excessive dirt, heat, with a cover, shall not be allowed,. fumes, vapor, or m o i s t u r e . Where (d) The common drinking cup is change rooms are not provided, facili ties shall be furnisher for hanging outer prohibited. garments: (e) Where single service cups are sup plied, a sanitary container for the unused (a) Where employees'work clothes are cups and a receptacle for disposing of the exposed to contamination by poisonous, infectious, or irritating material, facili used cups shall be provided. ties shall be provided in change rooms so g 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 5 9 N on-potable water. that street and work clothes will not be Outlets for non-potable water,, such stored in contact with each other. as water for industrial or fire-fighting (b) Where the process in which the purposes only, shall be posted to indicate worker is engaged is such that his work that the water is unsafe and is not to be ing clothes become wet or have to be used for drinking, washing, or cooking washed between shifts, provision shall be made to insure that such clothing is purposes. dry before re-use. M edical S ervices 50-204.246 R etiring rooms lo r women. g 50-204.264 Medical services. Where 10 or more women are employed (a) The employer shall assure the ready availability of qualified medical at any one time, a t least one retiring personnel for advice and consultation on room shall be provided. plant health problems, for emergency (a) Where less than 10 women are medical services, and for the supervision employed and a retiring room is not fur of first-aid attendants. nished, some equivalent space shall be (b) In the absence of an infirmary, a provided which can be properly screened person trained to render first aid and for privacy and made suitable for the use a kit containing the following items of women employees. (b) At least one couch or bed shall be shall be available at every place of provided in every place where women are employment. employed. The number of such beds or 1 Adhesive Plaster yz " x 5 yd. Boll. couches required shall be as follows: 1 Adhesive Plaster, 1 x 5 yd. Roll. 2 Absorbent Cotton, 2-ounce packages. Beds 1 to 100__________________________________ 1 1 Absorbent Gauze, 1 yd. 1 Actlvol Soap, 2-ounce bottle. ' 100 to 250..........'..................................-. .................... 2 100 Adhesive Bandages, 1". 1 additional bed for each additional l Aromatic Spirits or Ammonia, 2-ounce bottle. ' 250 women employees. A minimum of 1 B oric A cid S o lu tio n , 2 -o u n c e b o ttle . 60 square feet per bed shall be provided. 1 Castor Oil, 2-ounce bottle. L u n c h R ooms and P ood H andling 12 Compress Bandages, 2". 4 Compress Bandages, 4". furnace tending, and irradiation, with ultraviolet light. 50-204.270 First-aid f o r chemical burns. Where workers' eyes may be exposed to injurious chemical materials such as acids, caustics, etc., suitable facilities for quick drenching or flushing of the eyes shall be provided within the workroom, for immediate emergency use. E nvironmental Conditions 5 0 -2 0 4 .2 7 5 Torio f # # c n vapors, fum es, dusts, and mists. No employee shall be exposed to any of the gases, vapors, mists, dusts, or fumes on the list In section 50-204.276 which exceed the limits there stated when ap plied to him on an average basis for an eight hour workday, unless he is pro tected therefrom by respiration equip ment approved for the purpose by the United States Bureau of Mines of the United States Department of the In terior and operated in accordance with the recommendations of its manufac turer. Exposures without such equip ment which exceed such limits tempo rarily, without exceeding them on a daily average basis, or which involve more than one such toxic substance, regard less of the degree of its concentration, are also hazardous unless they are undertaken in strict conformity with prior written approval of a qualified in dustrial hygienist who has studied the particular circumstances of exposure and the toxic substances and concentra tions involved. 50-204.276 Threshold lim it values. uschmul vajiois-tfub^taiuej Farts per million Kiris of nir by volume Milligrams per cubic meter of air 50--204.251 L ocation. In all places of employment where em ployees lunch on the premises, an ade quate space suitable for that purpose shall be provided for the maximum num ber of employees who may use such space at one time. Such space shall be sepa rate from any location where there is ex posure to toxic materials. 50-204.252 W aste food disposal. A covered receptacle shall be provided and shall be used by employees for the disposal of all waste food. 5 0 --204.253 Presence o f toxic m ate rials. No employee shall be permitted to store Or eat any part of his lunch or other food a t any time where there are present any toxic material or other sub stance that may be Injurious to health. D r in k in g W ater 50-204.258 Potable water. (a? An a d e q u a te su p p ly of potable water, approved as to source and dis tribution by appropriate authority, shall be provided for drinking, washing and cooking purposes in all places of employment. tb) In all instances where water is cooled by ice made from non-potable 12 C otton W ound A pplicators, . I Eye Cup. 1 Eye Dropper. G Finger Cots. 6 F oille for Burns, '/a oz. tubes. 1 F oille lor Burns, 2-o u n ce bottle. 6 Gauze Roller Bandages 1" x 6 yds. 6 Gauze Roller Bandages 2 " x 6 yds. 6 Gauze Roller Bandages 3" x 6 yds. 10 Gauze Sterilized, 12" x 18". 1 Merthiolate, Tincture, 2-ounce bottle. 1 Medicine Glass. 1 M anual First Aid Instruction, 1 Scissors Pair 4" Bandage. 1 Tweezers Pair 3 12 Safety Pins. 1 Spoon. 1 Tourniquet. 2 Triangular Bandages 40". 6 Wood Splints for Fractures. 12 Wood T ongue Depressors. Eye P rotection 50-204.269 General requirem ent. Eye protection shall be provided where persons are exposed to any hazard which may cause injury to the eyes from the following operations: chipping, calking, coarse grinding, riveting, sledging, scal ing, light grinding, stone dressing, spot welding, woodworking, metal-working, babbitting, casting, dipping in hot metal baths, handling of acids and caustics, electric arc welding, oxyacetylene and oxyhydrogen welding and cutting. 200 10 1,000 _ 20 Amyl alcohol (Isoemyl 1- Butadiene (l.R-biitadieiie)....... Biitmtoiie (niellivi elhyt koButyl acetate Oi-butvl aceUlivi t-ensolvr* (2-liiitoxyCarbon dioxide......................... Colloso! vo (2't-ihovyotJiutiol)_Cdlosnlvo accinte (2*otlioxyCMoroliotm'tio (fflonochloroChloroform (trichloiometbanc) Chlompremj (2-cbloi o-l,3-l>u C yeiohcvm ol.......................... ,% 2 100 200 100 5 .05 2r, i l 1.000 250 200 100 5 50 5,000 20 io 25 200 100 1 . 1 ?r 100 20 1 25 n 40U 100 300 25 2 2,400 1.2 45 1'J 15 12 70 1,050 ,1(V) tl .2 SO 5 7 2.20H 710 050 300 15 240 0, ooo no Kin 740 540 3 .4 35 4Ui 100 7 90 22 1,400 410 13824 RULES AND REGULATIONS G;ls and vapors--Substance Parts per million parts of air by volume Milligram per cubic meter of air Gases mu\ vopors*-Substancc Parts per million parts of air by volume Milligram3 per cubic meter ofai1' TOXIC DUSTS, FUMES, AND MISTS--Con. Milligrams per cubic Substance meter of air Magnesium oxide fume------------------- 15 Mnlathlon (O,) -dimethyl dithlophos- phate or diethyl mercaptosuccl- Cyelnlieranoni-......................... 100 400 Perchlorethylone (tctracliloroGthylciic)------ -- ----------- -- 200 X, 85ft n a te ) ------------------------------------------ 15 Cydoherene______________ 400 Cyclopropane----------- -------- 400 1.3G0 eoo phenol......... ----...................-- Phenylhydrazine-- - ---- 2120 M a n g a n e se ---------------------------------------------- e M ercury---------------------------------------- * Demhcrstie---------------- niaectone alcohol (4-hyarOxy- .1)5 .3 Phosgene (carbonyl chloride). .05 4 .0 Mercury (organic com pounds)--------- 01 i-mathyl--pentacooc-)...... GO 240 phosphine........ ........................ Phosphorus trichloride--------- IMbntane______________ - .1 .1 2(H) 3 M e t h o x y e h l o r (2,2-di-p-methoxy- 840 phenyl-1,1,1-trlch lo ro eth an c )-------- 15 on-iDclliclholroordoibnii'iuorrconme--ctlia--n--e-.-.-.-.--.. i, .l1.W,00JGl0O 300 4.D.W Propyl acetate Piopylolcohol (Isopropyl ulco* 400 0.80 M olybdenum : ` I1,,2l--nDklc'thil'.orroote'ltlhl:ainine'--(t.t.l.i.y.lo.n..o. 100 , 400 .hoi). PropvVether (Isopropyl ether) - 500 Propylene dlcHlortdo (1,2-ai- 2, UK) soluble com pounds----------------------- 5 insoluble compounds--------------------15 l ,2d-iDchlslhoHlotrloce).t.U..y.I.e. ........ ..... ne. - ........... 100 [ 400 20U ! 7W chloiopropfliic)-- --------- - rn'pyleno txntnc........................ 25 350 0 N icotine------------------ ---------------------- -5 Parathlon (O.O-diethyl O-p-nitro- JMchloroetbyl ether................. 15 l.oiw ! w 4,200 Propylene oxide-- ............. 100 10 240 30 phenyl thlophoephate)----------------- 1 1, 1-Dlchloro-l-nitroethiuie ! 10 1 1,000 00 j 7, tK P..y.r.i.d..i.n..e.....--....-......................................... .1 j Mclilorotetrufluoroethaiic .1 .4 pentachloronaphthalene------------------ 5 .5 Ulcthylaminc.................... ! 25 ' 75 Pinuorodthromomothane. 1 100 . 800 Stibiiic.............- ......................... Stoddard solvent-- --- 500 2,W;0 PPheonstapchholroursop(hyeenlloolw---)---------------------------------------------- 61 DiLsubutyl ketone -- -- 1 2UU Styrene monomer (pUcnyletU- ............................... . ICO 420 Phosphorus pentachlorlde----------------- 1 Plmethylanlllno (N-dimethyl onlUr.c)..-............... - ........... 1 51 25 Stiifur dioxide............ - ............ 5 5 Sulfur JicxwiUwiide----*.......... 1. 000 13 Phosphorus pentnsulflde------------------ 1 t.Odl) Picric acid--------------------------------- --- 1 Tdmethylsu'fnie....... Diorono (diclhyleiio dinxukv- 1(H) 300 5?*:liur nonochlorhle------------ 1 .025 t; P yrethrum ------------------------------------- 2 Ethyl acetate---------------------- 4M) Ethyl acrylate ---- -- ......... 25 1,400 ion Sulfur iKUitailuoridr................ 100 Tertiarv butyl alcolioL........... 10 300 R o len o n e_____________-- ----------------- 5 m Ethyl alcohol (ethanol).......... 1.0UH 1, WtU)U-,T2h,2-t-lnTrcytnbcuhtylnltroolcutehnaen.c................. 5 25 45 :) n Selenium com pounds (as S e)------------ i *>(HI Sodium hydroxide------------------ -------- 2 E th ylam lu e-------------- --------Kthylbentcne--------------------- 20no 87 Tetrahydrofnnm...................... 2H) 88U Tctrarntroincthnnc.................... g Sodium fluoroacetate (1080)-------- .1 Ethyl bromide------------------Ethyl chloride------------------ 1: lt 2. GOO Toluene (toluol)........................ >, 400 1,200 O'ToluitUno......................*......... 7fi) 22 t.4ia> Strychnine--------------- ---------------------- 15 Sulfuric acid---------------------------------- 1 Ethyl eth er.-.------------------Ethyl formate........................... 100 ino E th ylsU lcate.----- - ............. m85\0 TTrrticchthloyfloocutihlnyeic..n..c.......................-................... 1.02002U05 of 1i o00n rump (tetraethyl dlthlonopyrophosp h a te )------------------------------------------- -2 Ethylene ehlorohydrin........... ft li Trilluoromonobromonirtiumc. 100 4iU TEPP (tetraeth y l pyrophosphate)----- .05 Ethylenedlamlne-..-- ------- 10 Etlrylcno diorouiltlo (1,2-<U- 30 Vinyl chloride (ehimopth- am 1.300 T e llu riu m ------------------------------------- 1 bromoetharc)------- -- Ethylene tm lne....................... 5 100 9 ylone)..................................... Vinyl tolwore........................... iwi 4S0 Tetryl (2,4,5-trlnltrophcnylmethyl- 870 n ltr a m ln e ) --------------------------------- 1 6 Ethyleno oside------------------ frit I: 2 Xylene (xylol).......................... X y lid tn e .................................. 5 2ft Thlram (tetram ethyl thlurain dl- Fluorine------------- -------------Fluor trichlnroiirethaiio......... 1.030 5, iii)0 ** su ih d e)___________ ___ _______ ___ 5 Formaldehyde........ - - - ........... Furfural------------- ------ ------- 0 20 TOXIC DUSTS, FUMESSS, AND MISTS T hallium (soluble com pounds)--------- -1 T itanium dioxide-----------------------------15 G a s o lin e - -- - -- - -- - .................: ITeptano (-heptane)................ m tm 2.000 2,000 M illig ra m s T rlchloronaphthalene---------------------- 5 per cubic Hexane In-hexane). - . . . . . . . . . \ am Ileranone (methyl butyl 3.800 Substance meter of air T rin itro to lu e n e-----------------------------U ranium : 15 hetone)........ . 41fl A ld iJn ( l i2 ,3 ,4 ,l0 ,1 0 -h c* a ch lo to -l,4 ,4 a . soluble com pounds------------------------- 05 Hexone (methyl isobutyl ketone)........- ..............- .......... ir*n 41 5,0,3a-liexaliydro-l,4,518 -d lm e th a rio . Insoluble compounds---------------------- 25 Hydra2ine------ ------------------ 1.3 n a p h th a le n e )------------------ ----------- " "5 V anadium: Hydrogen bromide--------------- 17 A m m a te (a m m o n iu m s u l f a m a t e ) --------10 7 V,,05 d u st-------------------------------------- " Hydrogen chloride............- - - - Hydrogen cyanide.................... 1> 3 n A n tim o n y -------------- -------- -- --------- ------- " V^Os f u m e ------------------------------------- 1 2 ANTU (a lp h a n a p h th y l t h io u r e a ) ------ 3 W arfarin (3-[acetonylbenzyl]-4-hy- Hydrogen fluoride-- - - - .......... Hydrogen peroxvlp, wVv- ------ 1 Hydrogen selentde..................... ,0ft 1..42 A r s e n ic ---------------------- -------------------------- droxycm nnarln)----------------------------- - 5 Zinc oxide fum es--. . --------------------- 15 Hydrogen sitlucle....................... 20 3(1 B a r iu m --........................................................... 1 B e ry lliu m .................................. ........................ Zirconium compounds (as Z r) ----------- 5 Iodine------ ------------------ -----Isophnron-------------------------- '.i ! 2C M0 Cadm ium oxide fume----------------------- - ^ Mi net.At, Dusts Isopropylamlne----------------- - 12 Mesityl oside-- ....................... 25 10(1 Chlordane (1,2,4.5.6,7,6,8-octacmoro- Millions of particles Methyl acetate-------------------- 200 i,w)n 0)0 1,050 3a,4,7.7a-tetrahydro*4,7-methanoln_ per cubic meter Methyl acetylene...................... M ethyl acrylate----- ------------ 10 35 ----------------------------------- - 2 of air M ethyl alcohol (methanol)-- M ethyl bromide--------------- -- 20200 2G0 C h lo rin a te d c a m p h e n c , 6 0 % ---------------- A lu m in u m o x id e --------------------------------- 60 80 C h lo rin a te d d ip h e n y l o x id e ---------------- 5 A sb esto s______________________________ 5 Methyl ecltasolvc (2-iuoth- or. osyotbanol) -- - - ---------- ------ 80 C blorodiplienyl (42% c h l o r i n e ) l D ust (nuisance, no free sUica) ----------- 50 C h lo ro d lp h e n c y (54% c h lo r in e ) --------- *5 Mica (below 6% free silica)-------------- 20 M etnyl ccllosolve acetate* * icthyltne glycol mono methyl cthor aertaie)------- 120 C h_r_o m_i_c__a_ci_d __a n_d__c_h_ro_m_a_te_s__(_as 1 PSoilrictlaa:nd cem ent--------------------------- 50 JA*thy1ihloritk.......-....... ---1 UK) M tth yb i (dimcthoxynietli ane)------------- ---------- --- j 20 3.100 Crag herbicide (sodium 2 -[sodium 2 2,4-d lc h lo ro p h e n o x y ] e th a n o l h y High (above 50% free S lO ,)-------- -- Medium (5 to 50% free SlO ,)-------- 250 Methyl chloroform 0.1,1- triefilorixthane)..................... 500 2,700 2,000 d ro g e n s u l f a te ) ------------------------ ---- *5 Cyanide (as CN)--------------- -------- 5 Jjow (below 5% free SiO .)-------------- 50 Silicon carbide------------------------------- 50 M cthyleyelohMone...................1 Methyleyelohcxannl................ J M10IO0 100 470 m 2 .4 -D (2 .4 -d ic h lo ro p h e n o c y a c e tlc a c i d ) . 10 DD T (2,2-hls [p -ch lo ro p h cn y ll-1,1.1- Soapstone (below 5% free SiO;) -------- 2200 M eth y k y o lo lie x a n o n e............ Methyl formate.......................... ! 100 2,MI t r i c h l o r o e t h a n e ) ------------------------------ 1 T ale__________________________________ Methyl isohutyl nublnol (Nfethyl am yl uleOhul).......... ! 25 100 D lM drln. (1,2,3,4,10 ,1 0 -h ex ach lo ro -6 17- V entilation Methyl ayreno. - . - v - v - . . . | 100 480 e p o x y -1 ,4,4a,5 ,6 ,7 ,8 ,8 a -o ctaliy d ro -l ,4. 50-204.288 General ventilation ami Metlivlcncchlorulc (metilormethane)____ ____- ............. 1 500 5 3 - d i m e t h a n o n a p lith a le n e ) ------------- - 23 1,750 n --------------------------------------- 1 tem perature requirem ents. Monoincthyl an illno....--........ j Naphtha (cral ter).................. 20U SO*) ---------------------------------------------------------------- " (a) Outside air shall be provided to Naphtha (petroleum)................| Nickel carbonyl--------------------1 500 2.000 D ln itro -o -creso l-------------------------------- .ooi: .007 E P N (O -e th y l O - p - n ttr o p h e n y l th io n o - 2 all workrooms a t the rate of 15 cubic feet per minute per person, or one and one- Nirioac-hl___- - - --................H p-NitrOaniUnc---------------------- , l W 0 h e u z e n e p h o s p h o n a te )----------------------- -5 half air changes per hour, whichever Is N itr o b e n z e n e ............................ l Nftrocthar.e.------------- 100 3150 F e-r-b--a--m------(-f-e--r--r-i-c----d--i-m----e--t-h--y--l---d--i-t-h---l-o--c--n--r-b--a---- 1 greater. I n most Instances, leakage Nitrogen dioxide.......................! Nitroglycerin............................. .5 U 5 F e rro v a n a d iu m d u s t ---------------------------- 1 through walls, doors, and windows will produce a t least one and one-half air Nitromethane.--................. * 100 2*Nitronronanc.................. -- --j 23U F lu o r id e ____________________ ------------- 2i 5 ISO H ydroqu in onc------------------------------ 2 changes per hour. Nitrotoluene..................... f Octane......... -- .....................- j 509 30 2 ,3 'jO I r o n o x id e f u m e ---------------------------------- 15 (b) A minimum air temperature of 60 O zone---- ----------- \ .2 L ea d ---------------------------------------------------- ' 2 F. should be maintained a t all work I'cradiehlorobenteae. -- .. ......... | 75 Pen lane--------------------------- v i .rtl 450 2,050 L ead a rs e n a te -------------------------------------- - io rooms where work ol a strenuous nature L indane (hexachlorocyclohexane, gam is performed, and a mixumrm air tem- IVntanonc i m e t h p r o p y l I ketone)............ - ....................... 200 700 m a is o m e r ) -------------------------------------- 13825 Wednesday, December 28, I960 , va rtf r1!0 p should he msintsiued K f o L 'i " r i * P TM " by process requirements. S 50-204.289 Local exhaust ventilation. ,,,x Trveiv local exhaust ventilation system shaH^ SSU . C i s beyond the limits shown in sec- fed era l register , (g) T h e ca p a c ity of an e x h a u st system shall be calculated on the basis of all v.rvtfhs and enclosures co n n ected P ersonal P rotective Equipment 50-204.298 Personal protective equip m ent. 5 > S S X 5 e vlo e te dMtWh *t owgheyrae 2 f e i " l " d on the If " S! hoods in the group requiiing the gieai est volume rate of exhaust are open. . (h) Suitable air Inlets shall e pi - Personal protective equipment or pro tective shields or barriers shall be pio vided and maintained in usable coiidition whenever substances, radiation, oi mechanical irritants are encountered m a r capable of causing W o imnairment in function of any Pait b o through skin or mucous mem vided fo r rep la ce m en t of ex h a u ste d atr. brane absorption. ti0ib? Ai?4 flow through branch and main ducts shall be sufficient to tiansport the contaminant through the system withou^ settling ^ i ^ located so as to he accessible for inspection and d ) E x h a u st sy stem s h an d ll^ ^ i s^ nnd discharging to th e outer ah shall be p rovided w ith su ita b le air-cle an in g d e vices to remove air contam inants p n g the discharge to th e outei an , excep under unusual circum stances. , i 1) T h e d isc h arg e fro m a n y e x h a u st system shall be such th a t no BITUMINOUS COAI AND LIGNITE MINES 30-204.300 Federal Mine Safety Code. ^srisrssiss The Federal Mine Safety Code for Bi- Mines, and Part n --Strip Mines, a^Pub lished by the Bureau of Mines, urntea flow equipment including hoods, pipes, fans, motors, and collectors ctmil be effectively grounded. (e) Two or more operations involving more S n one em itted to be connected to the same exhaust system when a combination of the substances removed may constitute ination therefrom w ill ^ace door, or other opening of any w orkspace in quantities sufficient to ^ e a te a h ea n h hazard to such space or cieate a nuisan " l t T 'S S w " S r e r i l * Shan be re moved *at'intervals " f ^ insure th a t th e exhaust system wm m eet th e re q u irem en ts of sectio n 5(1- States Department of * nrinntAfi hv reference as the saicty a S h standmd required for observance in the bituminous coal and ligmte m ing to which section 1(e) of the waisn Healey Public Contracts Act has applies7 tion. , . Signed at W ashington, D.C., this 12th a fire hazard, an explosion hazaid, oi otherwise dangerous mixture, <f> Those processes oi opei ations ( a ) , a t all tim es. Noise 50-204.293 Noise. day of December i960. J a m e s P- M it c h e l l . Secretary of Labor. uSns m gdneretlm eases fumes, vapors, mists, noers or K t o P u r i t i e s shau be completely pro tected from all sources of ignition. Noise shall be reasonably reduced or eliminated as a means of pi eventing fa tigue or accidents. I F B. Doc. 60-11689; TileA, Dec. 27. I960; 1 8:49 a.m.]