Document G5xqZwQjb75EXEdzqNoxYYYG4

Lead Heat Exchangers PI RE SULPHUR DIOXIDE PRODUCTION UTILIZES UNUSUAL DESIGN "T" HE nose-dug ling smell ot burning -uiptiur ha.- become a modern ini us r ria 1 -'hemicai or tar-reacning ommerciai Importance ;n the rorm jt compressed liuuid sulphur dioxide. Though better known as an industrial ran material used in the production it a variety ot important chemicals, this acrid 2as when punned and in liquid form has found a readv market m a variety of important industries. It is used as an antichlor in bleaching, for retrigeration. as a solvent in pe troleum rehnine. as a disinfectant. For these uses and a host of others sulphur dioxide must be at least .jti. s u p p o r t s :** ?* -LAO 8LOCK5 . '.-RACED *1 iSC^ kROUNO COIL iOLD SATURATED s' .iQuiO IN $ -07 STiPpr.O ,'QUiO in ^-OT Sa t u R * ' E D -iQUtO Qul i_Ol 0 STRIPPED COLO SATURATED .'O'j io o u t ^ f JQUIO IN tAQ HEAT (ICHANCEB COIL Heat exc nanser '-nt' 'onusune ,/ .oaa :'upe iiiintn inotner jermutine counter- .urrent doXV of a cor. rosne "OQlam 99.997 percent pure. Manufacturing suiphur dioxide to meet such a high degree of purity depends to a sur prising degree upon the metai. lead, whose resistance to the corrosive at tack ot sulphur dioxide has been long established. TEEL fl a n c e s .DETAIL Of TQP *n Q 3QTTQM COIL CuNNEC' C n CmCmj CAi. l e a d Ea O i6% a n t imo n t i The latest and most unique method lor refining impure sulphur dioxide into pure liquid form is credited to research engineers at the Seibv Plant ot the American smelting and Perill ing l.o. who put into commercial op eration an interesting and unique patented process.* The operation ot the process depends upon the fact that cold, liquid dimethviamiine 1 DMA i dissolve; impure sulphur dioxide and gives it up when heated, tree ot im purities and readv to be dried and compressed. The neat exchanger phase ot the svstem is particularly interesting. The heat exchangers heat the saturated DMA with hot gas-tree DATA and at the same time cool the latter. This complicated sounding maneuver is easilv accomplished bv using tvo lead coils, one within the other, as illus trated. in one illustration three such eoiis are shown connected in series. The other is an interior cross-'ectionai view of the two lead pipes tiiat make up the coil. The larger pipe has an inside diameter ot 2 In. w ith a in. wall thickness and is made ot o per cent antimonial lead. The inside pine made of chemical lead is 1 in. m di ameter with a wail thickness a little less than '-fj in. at the thinnest section. The exterior of the inner nine has been extruded in the shape of a >ixpointed idar to provide support and also to retain concentricity. In addi tion. the pipes were designed so that the area of the space between the two U. 5 Patents No. :.295.A37 and 2.399,01 v Uerhods or construction or :ht lend heat exchangers used in :ne produc tion of pure tulphur dioxide. is approximately equai to the cross-ectionai area ot the inner pipe. Af ter extrusion, the smaller pipe is in serted into the 'arger and both are then coiied into units 11 ft. in circumterence and 27 coils high i about 7 t. Three nundred ft. ot pipe are ised in each coil weighing a totai it about 5.t>00 lb. The -aiurated DMA containing 15 percent bv -a eight of sulphur dioxide enters the heat exchangers at a tem perature of 56 degrees F. and is cal- uiated to leave at about 175 degrees F. The stripped DMA enters the ex changers at a temperature of 198 de crees F. and is calculated to leave at about 110 degrees F. Because ot the corrosive nature of DMA in combination with sulphur dioxide the major portion of the pro cessing equipment which comes in di rect contact with these chemicals is dross-sectional new ot me lead heat -exchanger cod 'hows the specially '"aped :nner lend pipe. constructed of lead. The absorption tower is made of lead with a steel framework for support. Bubble caps are made of antimonial lead as well as the shelves for supporting them. The ^tripping tower is constructed of steel with a bonded lead lining. This type ot lining is necessary because oi the higher temperatures encountered. Other materials have been tried in the heat exchanger coiis but none have succeeded in providing the long ser ice life obtainable with lead. This process is an outstanding ex ample of lead's utiiitv in modern chemical engineering and it serves also as an excellent illustration ot the versatility of lead. It mav be formed Into virtually anv extruaable shape. Assembly requires a minimum of et;ort because of the simplicity of bend ing and joining bv welding ''burn ing'"! . It has the highest salvage value of anv of the common metals. And of even greater importance in this in-tance. is lead's unequaled corrosion resistance, the property which gov erns the high purity ot the finished sulphur dioxide. Lead Allovs in Aircraft Manufacture v T HE smooth contours and stream1 lines ot the modern airplane de pend. strangely enough, upon lead. In manufacturing 3irolanes for the Mr Force as well as commercial avia tion an allov of lead and antimony is used as the punch casting metal for forming sheet aluminum, magnesium or -tainiess steel to exacting and Com dex airflow contours. One reason >hv lead allov and not steel or other metal punches are used is because all minor surface irregularities are im mediately smoothed out bv dropping the punch on to the die. An advantage from the safety viewnoint is that lead punches are not sub ject to fracture. In an operational life test, one punch formed 3.500 parts from t 4 inch aluminum sheet before it had to be discarded. In general practice punches are usually re-cast after 100 or so parts are made be cause the high pressure areas are crowded out of contour. The ~afe operating properties of lead allov are further indicated bv the practice of holding dies in position on the drop hammer platen with lead allov corner blocks, as shown in the illus'ration. All other possibilities for bolding dies in position have been selected because of the excellent safety record established bv the lead allov corner blocks. Drop hammer iorming practice at \orthrup Aircraft. Inc.. Hawthorne. California, is to first cast a punch and form the initial order requirements and then re-strike the formed parts on a new punch. ^~hen forming chan nel sections the average punch will produce 100 stainless steel parts or 200 aluminum parts. With simple shapes, a punch will often produce up to 300 stainless steel parts or 1.000 aluminum parts. standard foundry practice at N'orthrup is to cast hard lead 16 to 7 percent antimonv i punches directly on to tine 3llov dies. The dies are boxed in with asbestos coated wooden sideboards and a thick mixture of water and fire ciav is used to ?al all openings to prevent run-out. Then the contact surfaces of the dies are spraved with a thin mixture of wafer and fine fire clav or water and tita nium dioxide. After this, the surface is dried and pre heated between 300 degrees and TOO degrees F. before pouring the lead allov punch metal. Hard lead punch metal is poured In a stream about T in. in diameter and quickly distributed over the sur face of the zinc die to start shrinkage uniformly. The pouring rate is im portant in preventing cold shuts and folds besides assuring uniform shrinkage and freedom from distor tion. Asbestos covers are placed over the casting directly after pouring and are removed as soon as the casting The Torrhrup Raider C-125 equipped mh six JATO racket units. Lead punches are used in fabricating parts air inch airpianes. L IA2 5973 'ooi' to anout 3t'H) degrees F. The -hririkage cavnv is then filled with molten metai. Iron bolt holder.- are cast Into the bottom oi the lead punch to aid In attaching It to the platen. t.hief among 'he tactors contribut ing to -uccesst ui tounarv oracuce are the alloc s used tor making the castrij. Thus the first step in insuring lualitv 'ontroi is the procurement of metal to tinnier 'i>ecihcations. Anti- monial lead punch metai ha; a special advantage here because it Is not re quired to contorm to rigid procure ment standards, it is capable of tol erating a total of 0.4 percent impuri ties and may varv in antimony con tent trom 0 to 7 percent. XX hen the percentage oi antimonv drops to below 3 percent as the metal is used over and over again it is reected and 'old tor -alvage thus re ducing. in effect, the initial metal cost. \ decrease in antimonv con tent below 3 percent lowers the tensile strength to less than 5.000 psi and the elongation below- 19 percent m 2 inches. Analysis checks are taken on onlv a few heats everv 6 months to heck the antimonv content. How ever. it is interesting to note that alter HI) Years of foundrv operation' at Xorthrup. their lead allov' are -till -atisfactorv and have never -men tvplaced. . New Concepts Explain Why "Lead" Paints are Better HF importance of the chemical Tproperties of paint pigments to able properties to a paint him. Lead pigments are not the onlv reactive curability and other characteristics pigments but their reactivity is of d paint films is otten overlooked or such a nature and rate that it results underestimated. This is partly due to in a film having the most desirable the lact that at least some ol the chem combination ot properties. ical reactions that take place are not Briefly outlined here are four rea- w ideiv understood and. in fact, knowl 'ons wrtv white lead pigments make edge d' diem is relatively new. multiple pigment paint' last longer. Uanv pigments are employed for 'heir hiding power, color or other iia rarteri't ic that are readiiv and wdelv understood. But it is onlv re- ccntlv that chemical reactivity ot cer tain pigments has become fully recog nized for Us essentiality in providing film forming characteristics. The white lead pigments are unmue for their film forming properties, at live 'anve time adding other desirable characteristics and not detracting 1>!anrjrf>{ jest demnnstrene' vgh `iezihihtv o' paint plasticized :11th lead -noun :n /'enier and non-^mieri paints. left and nght. crackine inn inking as a re<ijLt oi `he bending. from 'till others. In 'fact no other pigment contributes so many desir 4-- - -- A hite lead stabilizes paint, retard ing its decomposition. XX iliiout j re active pigment, a hoii'e paint tilm would have a relatively -liort life in outdoor service. XX hv? Because a' it siowlv weathers, the vehicle break down to form acinic compound- -uch as formic, hvdroxvacel ir. propionic and related de-tmetive acid'. Lhc-i LI A 25 97 a #- j 1 j i f fl TENSILE STRENGTH Mixed Pigment--No lead 50/ ELONGATION STRIPPED FILM Mixed Pigment--With Lead i WATER SORPTION Mined Figment--No Leod ! 20 J Mix*d Pigment--With Lead Mixed Pigment--With Lead \ I ,-------------------------------- 7a 5 3 '0 12 Months Exposed -'trength-age graoh shows how mixed Dtgment paint containing white lead increases in tensile strength at it age*.. acids liquefy or so I ten the paint him causing earlv disintegration of the protective paint him. Active lead pigments in a paint neutralize these products of decom position as the him ages and form -table insoluble lead sails. In this wav. the him is stabilized and its dur ability greatly improved. ^ hite lead piasticizes paint, in creasing its flexibility. In reality a paint him is a plastic, although it is not generally referred to as such. And. like many plastics, it would becnme hard, brittle and inflexible if it did not contain a piasticizer. Such a paint would crack easily under nor mal stresses, not only spoiling its ap pearance but also greatly reducing its protective value. 'A hite lead pigments permit the nrooer formulation "i paints that provide flexible films not only alter application, nut throughout the life "f the paint. Lead soaps, formed hv :lie reaction ol a lead pigment with die vehicle, act as plasticizers. Their t'lTei t L nipple mented hv other soaps 2i .6 3 '0 Month* Exposed Firm Ration, graph shows how the siexthliUv ol .7 paint aim it moroved hv she incorporation or unite lean. which are usually present in the film. 'A hite lead increases the elastic strength of a paint film. Lead pig ments reinforce a paint film mech anically as a result ot chemical reac tions. As the films containing the reactive lead pigments age. they in crease in toughness to an optimum degree, because the lead scans. that are formed improve the coherence, the flexibility, the distensibilitv and the other factors that contribute to ions life and improved protective ability of the oaint film. l ead soaps are made up of flexible crystals with a long -pinev structure. L rider a microscone, they look like vockleburs. with the -nines of adja cent crystals intermeshed. This inter twining or meshing forms a felted mat which reinforces the film and in creases its elastic strength. 'A hite lead increases the water re sistance oi a paint film. 'A ater at tempts to dissolve and emulsify por tions ot a paint film causing it to = well and soften. This tends to break its cohesive bond and is probably the greatest single cause of loss of adhe sion. Paints containing lead pig- 234 36 Month* Exposed T ater sorotion graph -jhows now wtuip lead decreases :he water p ic k - up ot mixed pigment paints. ments. are highly resistant to water: thev absorb only a fraction as much water as non-iead paints. Lead sup plies this essential resistance to water and its destructive action. \A hite lead pigmented paints pos-ess high water repellency. This fact is vividlv illustrated in practice bv the formation of distinct water drop lets on "iead" pigmented paints ana the comolete wetting of non-'Mead" paint films. rh, itnnvrrngrqDn it lean <>><ms `nrmett nom lead pigments m paint, ^he'e .ntcrme'hing ~r\stuls rein- farce the junnt him structure. h. xpenmentnl paint him* with carving lead pigmentation alter stripping, soaking and drying, js the lend content increases tram left to nght. disintegration is materiails reduced. LIA25975 I Flexible Lead Connections in Modern Plumbing Systems .\E of the most practical advan 0 tages offered by lead in anv plumbing s'stem is the flexibility of the metai itself '.'men is sufficient to take o p . without failure. differential mo\ement between the rigid pipe svs- em and 'tie kitchen and bathroom ixtures. This unique joiiitv of lead to serve n effect as an expansion and contrac tion loint between materials of differ ent coefficient ol expansion has been !ong recognized bv the buiiding in dustry. It is one of the primarv rea- -ons "hv lead connections are pre- ! erred and required bv so manv plumbing codes. -Vs a matter of fact. :t :s one of the few materials used in plumbing systems that are permitted bv practically every plumbing reguatorv code in the Country. Vmong the manv areas of the coun try that require lead connections between rigid piping and kitchen and bathroom rixtures is Fulton Countv. Ga.. "hich includes the Citv of At lanta. This requirement has benetittea the public as well as the build ing mdustrv in this area bv providing a flexible connection between rigid materials that unquestionably adds years of trouble-free life to the entire plumbing system. A line example of this tvpe of plumbing installation has just been installed m the new 14 storv, 612unit Darlington Apartment project designed bv architect William G. Tvler. Bissett. Carlisle and W olff. of Columbia. S. C. This project located on famed Peachtree Road, in Fulton (bounty, just outside the citv limits of Atlanta, will have every fixture con nected to the cast-iron soil and waste lines with lead pipe, bends and stubs. The plumbing contractor. George D. Smith Plumbing and Heating Co. of Atlanta, installed 4-in. lead bends under the water closets and also used IVo in. manufactured lead bends for the lavatories and kitchen sinks. Lead stubs were used to connect the bath to the soil and waste lines. All joints in the cast iron were calked with lead. Hub type lead vent stack Hashings "'ere used on the 40 vent stacks pro truding through the roof. Here again, the flexibility of lead is used to good advantage. Differential move ment between the vent stacks and the building itself will be absorbed to a large extent bv the lead, thus avoid ing failures which would permit water to enter the building interior Further evidence ot the continued and growing acceptance of lead con nections in the plumbing svstem. par ticularly between the water closet and cast iron soil stack, are recently enacted piumbing codes requiring that these connections be made witii lead. The citv of Spokane. ^ ash., in its new plumbing code y'hich went into effect January 1. 1950. requires that water closet connections in building'; with yvooden flooring or joists must be made with lead. L'nder this recently enacted pro- Lett, an <`T nmnir nt ihc !\nr >>f plumbing used in the Dari < n gt<"i Apttrttnen fs. -?// fix ture* are Onnrrtr'! !0 the '>`1 lines u-'th l enti. Right, a tournee man plumber preparing me lead 'tubs 'or a J'^O-unit protect in Spokane. ash. Li a 259?6 4 1 { 4 i 4 1 vision, the Standard Plumbing and Keating bo. >f Pnokane. installed lead -tubs under everv water cioset n the 200-umt (futhrie Housing proj ect located in northeast Spokane. A point well worth considering in manning plumbing svstems is that liiose recentlv enacted codes, us weil us the older ones in force, do not re strict the use of iead connections but often do require that thev be used under certain conditions. it has been tound upon investiga tion ot numerous plumbing ''odes that "certain conditions' usually h d piv to tvpes of construction that ire most prone to movement or inaccesibiiitv of piping such as under bath room floors. In effect, wherever the most trying 'onditions are encountered or where replacement wouid be undulv expen sive. lead is the preferred material tor plumbing installations. Lead Tape Protects New Type A\ N improved cable protection de underlying lead sheath and snieids sign known as "Modified Tape the internal circuit wires against ex Armor'" has been developed recentlv ternal electrical fields. However, by Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., when lightning strikes in the vicinity into a covering that is expected to the current dows along the tapes furnish better buried cable protection and sometimes causes potential dif at less cost. Buried cables, i.e.. cables ferences between the steel tape and buried directly in trenches covered the lead sheath since these two metals w ith earth, are subjected to a varietv are not in direct contact. Depending of hazards w hich have to be considered upon the magnitude of the lightning ,n the design of the protective armor. stroke 3nd the resistivity of the earth, For example, such cable is exposed to occasionally an arc develops between accidental physical damage from the steel tape and lead sheath. This sharp tools or rocks, to chemical disadvantage has been overcome by I attack by certain soil elements, to establishing electrical contact be electrolytic corrosion, not to mention tween steel and lead while still re impairment by rodents or even ter taining the mechanical and corrosion mite attack. Furthermore, the cir protection qualities of the earlier cuits themselves have to be electri types of cables together with their cally shielded from power line and shielding properties. the construction of '.he "Modified Tape Armor" ;aoie. static interference, and in many re As illustrated, the modified tape gions a special provision against armor consists of 0.010 inch lead harm from lightning must be incor- tape alternated with 0.012 inch sisal- Tests conducted bv Beil Telephone jiorated in the system. kraft paper tape laid over the sheath, Laboratories on the modified tape Among the several protective mea and over them a single 0.010 inch armor have shown that it has excellent sures which have been developed steel tape and an outer protection of handling qualities and will withstand over the 'ears to suit special cases two 0.020 inch steel tapes. Since ex the treatment associated with manu in specific areas or conditions, one perience had shown that a steel tape facture and installation with a good if the more generally used has been directly over a lead sheath sometimes margin of safety. "tape armor." Tape armor consists of damaged the -heath when the cable Manufacture of modified tape ar heavy steel tapes spiraled over a was handled, the first Iaver ot lead mored cable is simple, differing little paper or jute bedding, an arrange and paper tapes is provided to pro- from normal armored cable manu ment that mechanically protects the ect the sheath against the steel. facture. Floodings of asphalt com pound are applied over the iead j -heath and over each subsequent serv 1 ing of tape and jute to help preserve these materials. It w'as determined that this could be done without de- >troving electrical contact between 1 the metal tape and lead sheath. This tvpe of armor can be applied to all cables from the very small to the largest size with minor mech anical changes which is an added ad vantage from the manufacturing standpoint and is reflected in reduced over all cost of armored type cable. L IA 25977 1 >< ilt i l r l t. V nI t 1, I: i' THE recently completed Id-track double-deck Long Island Railroad Bruise -ner -tie Van V vck Express aav at Jamaica is a prime examine ._>[ caret ui proiect pianmriL: aiui eveoi' ient coordination oetueen the operat ing di\imon of the raiiroad ami the rontractor. Lhe bridge "ro-?e; the recentK ipened V an ^ vck Expressway, a direct lime to the new international Airport at id lew ild. This exp res? w av. consistins of six express lanes and four lanes in the service roadways, required lengthening the oridg-e be tween abutments from 100 to 194 feet. The job involved widening Van W vck Boulevard and lowering its srade. This necessitated constructing a new abutment and wing wails tor the bridge, erecting two additional cross bents, and lowering the lootings of another bent which was rebuilt be cause oi an increase in the span ot the girders. All the substructure was compieted before erection oi the steel. TemDorarv shoring supported the existing girders while the old steel was being cut out and the new Meet -et. Onlv one track was out oi serxiee at a time to hold rerouting of trains to a minimum. Approximately two thousand tons of steel were required. The atmosphericailv exposed steel contained a shop coat of red lead-inoii paint and received a touch-up coat of red lead after erection. The red lead coats were followed bv two coats of gray tinted white lead base paints. The primer -peci fication calls for a paint consisting of 78rr to 81r} bv 'weight of dry red lead i not less than 95 7 Pb,0, i and 19^ to 22r7 of a \ehicie composed of a mixture of raw and bodied oils in'the proportion of one-third boiled oil. the balance being raw oil. All of the paints conformed to the requirements ot N'ew York State Department of Public 77 orks. Depart ment of Highways Specifications. The shop coat was applied bv the American Bridge Company and the field coats bv the Lew is Hass Painting Company of New V ork Citv. The contract tor the work amounted to -82.590.000 and was under the -uperMsion ot the Yew York Clate Department of Public 77 orks and the Long Island Raiiroad. For the jointventure contractors the worn was under the direction ot Maries B. Molineaux, Generai Manager, and Alfred C. Maevis. Project Manager. Mr. T. 77 , Pjnard is Lhief Engineer and 'George Patton is Engineer ui Charge for the Raiiroad. J. J. Darcv Is District Engineer and P. < L Haie i? Resident Engineer for the Yew 'l,>: k Mate Department oi Public Work-. Based in an arncie d \ Alfred L Matrx The \rtr.ur A., Johnson Coro mi Mason > Haneer Cu. published n :be 'en'entorr .s*iir ot Contractor* inn Ertctneer* 'Tontn. Tne following articles and reonnts contain information, arawingj and toecifications on the -jse of lead oroducts heioful to architects, engineers and others in the construction industry. They are available, `ree of charge, joon renuest to the Lead Industries Association, 420 Lexington Avenue. New York 17. **. Y a sn d y o f p a in t s f o r e n c l o s e d s t r u c t u r a l me mb e r s in s t e e l HOUSING CONSTRUCTION Q* II. A. Prat and R. 5. People*. Batteile Memorial Institute A 'fpnnt of a paper *nlch retd before the General Meeting of the American Iron nd Steei fncit-jte May 35-26. 1949 whfc ft tponxored 'be *orti The itudy included some 2 7 *lnd of paint iviiem* AN INVESTIGATION OF PRIMERS FOH '1 VRINE a t mo s p h e r ic ENVIRONMENTS It* C. J. N anrier V alk. Technical Director. Red Load Division. Lead Intfuiinci Aio> riauon RrsuilJ of in investigation of `vnthelic enlciei nd -rd lead ,-nixed pigment primer* over in exnojure period of three ind one hif vein In -tgorou* Tiarine atmoabhere Reprinted from `Official Digeit' puollshed bv The Federation of r*int ind Tarnish Production Club* RED LEAD TECHNICAL LETTERS A term of '.echntcii letters sjjuea by 'he Red Lead Division. Lead Industrie* Aijoctauon The lumtten ind titles follow ..Amiable teparaielv i Technical Letter No. 3 --Red Lead Primer* for Atmospheric Exposure Technical Letter No. 4 -- fled Lead Pajnta frr Marine Exposure* Technical Leuer No. 5--Red Lad-Vin*l and Coumironc T'pe Paint* NEW MARINE PRIMERS B* K. H- Roil and C. J. Yonder Y'aik. Lead industries Association An article on newly developed paint primer* for metal* exposed to marine umosonerei written exprenly for the person *no ;* not * punt terhnoiogm Reprinted from Marine r.n< i nceri nj *nd Shipping Ben ew M arch, i 2 411 PHYSICAL AND CORROSION CHARACTERIS TICS OF LEAD IN THE CHF.M1CAL IND(STRY B* K. H. Roll. Lead lndi*t rte* Association A detailed durujlion of be use of >art in the -pem- m industry presented `Wore the National innr t on of Corrosion Engineer* Conference Aoru MM COMPARATIVE c o r r o s io n s t u d y o f ni| TAs TE AND VENT PIPE MATERIALS 13' John D. Kane. Chief Plumbino !nper lor, Department ol Publir II ork*. Fori I onh. Tex. M corrn.ion 01 -IX metallic V|W* t .iimj i . : uCCCMen for u-e in .hr piumMric .*-;? ar, : - ni `v > em Rr-'imr-J 'mm 1010 Yeamnr.it ... n <- a -..........- Pocieiv of Panttarv Engineering- CORROSION FORUM A serin of one pice articles on -nr .jje </ nl i> i material of nerntrai -onurur 11 on .n -on-aci ,c-. in - r.t foilowing chemicals *rSiJjhle separate;', I 'h;nrmr Rydrornlnrir Arid Hydrofluoric Arid 'njirntnai a ion nol Sulphuric Acid. Sodium Chloride Suiphur D1 oxi.ee Phosphoric And Reprinted from 'Chemical Eneineerinc FEDERAL SPECIFICATION 7X T.p. For Pipe. Benda and Trap*. LEAD Part 5 ol Sertton IV of -rif Fe-jern tandarex 'ip c k Gjtainc. oflletal publication oy the Gme-nmcnt Prim ;n* Office. FEDERAL SPECIFICATION TT-P Hf-a Pa.ni; Red-Lead-Baee. Read* -'Used Goyert four type* of 'ed lead base paints .nnui.nc 'jtt drying formuiationj filanv nrendrd appiu-i: ions .sreo LEAD TELDINC An r.formaure it ^eil as practical uide -a *0 ic'lng Rronnt-ed Pom :ru 'Y'eidin; 'TanlbooK ~h.ra Edition S<k ieiy puolisned by 'he inetirin : -r l PON KKQl E>T. THE LEAR INDI STIUE^ \>*<HTATIO\ HILL HE (,L.\0 TO MAIL (.KAO" RKC.LLAKLV. HIKE OF nn/K.K TO THOSE INTERESTED AND WILL COOPERATE WITHOUT OHL1C. ATION IN THE 'OLITION OF YOUR LEAD I ' K O HI. E M .55 L 78