Document EzZ1nkrjRQ9mQaRLbYVKrnBb

CC: *R. H. GOSNEY *w. C. EVANS *0. P. GLEASON *H. JUNGK *K. R. 0S80RN E. I. du Pont de Nemours 51 Company *W* h* sprut iwcmmoiutt Wilmington, Delaware 19898 J, RAINES/ R. D. INGALLS M. A. SM00K T. R. BRAUN, INTL C. L. MILLER, MATAGORDA P. J. MEYERS, GENEVA H. G. ORINKWATER, GENEVA POLYMER PROOUCTS OEPA November 14, 1983 TO: ((f)R. L. MC CLURE, BEAUMONT W. G. FISHER, CIRCLEVILLE M. W. GAUSS, CLINTON C. R. SMITH, FAYETTEVILLE F. B. PACK, FLORENCE H. R. DEUTSCH, LOUISVILLE J. B. WEHMEYER, MATAGORDA G. E. BURGE, PONTCHARTRAIN W. E. THOMAS, SABINE RIVER D. P. STAHLHUT, SAN DIEGO L. C. TROLLINGER, SPRUANCE J.Q. BARTON, TECUMSEH J. F. DOUGHTY, WASH. WORKS FROM: H. A. SMITH V. D. HEMPHILL, CHAMBERS WORKS D. B. SCHIEWETZ, GLASGOW P. C. TANGEMAN, LA PORTE 0. E. FRIEND, SENECA K. J. HUISMAN, DORDRECHT F. LENGLER, LUXEMBOURG N. BRUCE, MAYDOWN L. DE MAEYER, MECHELEN T. E. NEAVES, CHESTNUT RUN W. H. MARTIN, EXP. STATION V. M. MUELLER, DISA, GENEVA V. N. CHATTERTON, HEMEL HEMPSTEAD W. F. HINES, STOW OSHA ASBESTOS STANDARD . . OSHA has issued an emergency temporary standard (ETS), effective November 4, 1983, reducing the permissible exposure limit (PEL) for asbestos from 2 fibers (longer than 5 micrometers) per cubic centimeter, 8-hour TWA, to 0.5 f/cc. During the period of the ETS, employers may use all practicable control methods such as engineering controls, work practices, and respirators to meet the reduced PEL. Employee training is required for all personnel exposed to concentrations greater than the PEL. Warning signs are called for at each location where airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers may exceed 0.5 f/cc. The ETS, which stays in effect for six months, also serves as a proposal to permanently revise the current asbestos standard.' The present OSHA asbestos standard (1910.1001) remains in effect except as modified by the ETS. States with approved state OSHA plans must adopt a comparable standard within 30 days. These include California, Iowa, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. No impact on PPD is anticipated as a result of this standard because, to the best of our knowledge, we have no situations that exceed the new PEL. Attached for your convenience is a copy of the current asbestos standard (1910.1001), and a copy of the ETS. DUP 0501578 *This information may be of interest to your non-European foreign CTtes. HAS/is Attachments you and Du Pont. There's a lot of good chemistry between us. /.'ll) DU 001317 Federal Register / Vol. 48. No. 215 / Friday. November 4. 1983 / Rules and Regulations 51139 respirators, and to assure that all such employees participate in the program and are informed of specified categories of information. OSHA considers this provision to be "necessary" within the meaning of section 6(c) of the Act. to reduce the grave danger-faced by asbestos exposed employees. The absence of a training program requirement in the asbestos standard has been pointed out as one of the serious deficiencies of the current standard. OSHA believes that participation in an adequate training program is essential for the protection of employees because most protective provisions enlist the employee us an active participant. For example, munv employees handling asbestos depend on effective work practices. Without training in applying these work practices, employee protection would ba inadequate. Where the employee plays a more passive roie in his protection such as where engineering controls are relied on. training is also essential, because the employee must know the sources of . workplace asbestos contamination, and the health hazards of asbestos exposure, in order to assess his own exposure situation and to help recognize when engineering controls are not operating properly. Certainly where housekeeping plays an important roie in control. instruction about housekeeping methods, for example, frequent vacuuming, is essential. Perhaps most importanly. where employee protection depends upon respirator use. OSI lA's experience shows that training employees in the use. fitting and limitations of respirators is critical to the effectiveness of respirator protection. Accordingly this requirement applies where airborne concentrations arc reasonably expected to exceed 0.S f/ cc. even if employees use respirators to reduce breathing zone concentrations and thereby comply with the ETS. As set forth in paragraph (k)(4) the employer must inform the employee of the health effects of asbestos exposure: the relationship between asbestos and smoking in producing lung cuncor: the operations exposing employees to asbestos fibers and necessary protective steps to minimize exposure: the purpose, proper use. fitting instructions and limitations of respirators, and the contents of all the provisions of the Asbestos Standard at 1910.1001. 5. Paragraph (k)(S) Respiratory protection during the ETS. The ETS adds a new paragraph (k){5) which includes a table which ties respirator selection to the 0.5 f/cc PEI. Under the ETS. the concentration cut-offs for various kinds of respirators are multiples of the reduced TEL of 0.5 f/cc. rather than multiples of the previous 2 f/ cc permissible limit. For example, approved air purifying respirators may be used only where asbestos concentrations are not expected to exceed 5 f/cc (10 x the PEL). Before the ETS. because the PEL was 2 f/cc. such respirators could be used where asbestos concentrations would not have exceeded 20 f/cc (10 x the PEL of 2 f/cc). Similarly, powered air purifying respirators may be used where asbestos concentrations do not exceed 100 times the PEL which at the new level of 0.5 f/ cc is 50 f/cc Previously, employers could have used such respirators at concentrations up to 200 f/cc It is likely that the main impact of the reduced PEL on respirator choice will be in operetions end industries where exposure levels are between S f/cc and 20 f/cc. Formerly, employees exposed in this range could use half-mask air purifying respirators: now they must be protected by a powered air purifying respirator or a full facepiece respirator, or they may use a supplied air respirator. 0. Paragraph (k)(6). Warning signs during the ETS. The ETS requires that legible signs warning of the health hazards of asbestos be displayed at locations where airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers exceed the reduced exposure limit of 0.5 f/cc No specific legend is required signs for newly posted during the ETS. OSHA wishes to make as practicable as possible the rapid posting of signs, especially in workplaces where there has been previous non-compliance and in areas where asbestos concentrations were formerly below the 2.0 f/cc PEL. XI. Public Participation Interested persons ere invited to submit written data, views and arguments with respect to the revisions to the asbestos standard made by the ETS. These comments must be postmarked on or before lanuary 3.1984 and sent to the Docket Officer. Docket No. H-033C, Occupational Safety & Health Administration. U.S. Department of Labor. 200 Constitution Avenue. NW,, Room S-C212. Washington. D.C. 20210. The data, views and arguments that are submitted will be available for public inspection and copying at the above address. All timely written submissions will be made a part of the record of the proceeding. List of Subjocts in 29 CFR Part 1910 Occupational safety and health. Asbestos. Health. F.mergency temporary standard. Cancer. Authority and Signature This document was prepared under the direction of Thome G. Auchter. Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health. U.S. Department of Labor. 200 Constitution Avenue. NW. Washington. DC 202X0. Pursuant to Sections 6(b). 6(c), 8(c) and 8(g) of the Act. 29 CFR 1910.1001 is amended by adding a new paragraph (k) as set forth below. (Secs. 6(b). 6(c), 8(c) and 8(g). Pub. L 91-596. 64 Stat 1593.1596,1599.1600; 29 U.S.C. 655. 657: See. 107. Pub. L 91-54. 83 Slat 90 (40 U.S.C, 333): 29 CFR Part 1911: Secretary of Laiior's Order No. 9-83 (48 FR 35736)) Signed at Washington. D.C. this 2nd day uf November 1963. Thom* G. Auchter, Assistant Secretary ofLabor. PART 1910--{AMENDEQ1 Section 1910.1001 of Part 1910 of Till, 29 of the Code of Federal Regulations is hereby amended by adding a new paragraph (k) reading as follows: 1910.1001 Asbestos. * I i " . . . (k) Emergency temporary standard effective November 4. 2933.--(1) Scope. This emergency temporary standard is issued pursuant to section 6(c) of tha Act and applies to all workplaces where employees may be exposed to asbestos in all industries covered by the Act. including, general industry, construction and maritime. Except to the extent modified by this emergency temporary standard ail provisions of 11910.1001 remain in effect. (2) Permissible levels ofexposure. The 8-hour time-weighted average . airborne concentration of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed one-half (0.5) fiber. longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of sir. as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (3) Methods of compliance with the emergency temporary standard. Notwithstanding any other requirements of this section, compliance with the reduced exposure limit of 0.5 f/cc shall be achieved by any feasible combination of engineering controls, work practices, and personal prolcctive equipment and devices. (4) Employee information and training.--(i) As soon as possible, but not later than thirty (30) days from the effective date of this emergency temporary standard, the employer shall institute a training program for all employees exposed to airborne concentrations of usbestos in excess of DUP 0501579 'X laodVbf, DU 001318 nrrmwmm arjawsttiiim 51 UP Federal Register / Vol. 48. No. 215 / Friday. November 4, 1983 / Rules and Regulations ^iM--aa--ia-- 0-5 f/cc. without regard to the use of respirators ind shall assure their participation in the program during the effective period of this emergency temporary standard. lii| The employer shall assure that each such employee is informed of the following: ;A) The health effects associated with asbestos exposure; (B| The relationship between asbestos and smoking in producing lung cancer, (C) The nature of operations which could result in exposure to asbestos and necessary protective steps to minimize exposure including, as applicable, engineering controls, work practices, respirators, housekeeping and protectiva clothing; (0) The purpose, proper use, fitting instructions and limitations of respirators permitted by the standard; and (E) A review of all the provisions contained in 1910.1001, (5) Respiratory protection during the ETS. Notwithstanding any other requirement of this section, where respirators are used to achieve the permissible exposure limit of 0.5 f/cc they shall be selected according to Table 1. (6) Warning signs during the ETS. In addition to the requirements of paragraph (g)(1) of this section, legible signs warning of the health hazards of asbestos shall be provided and displayed at each location where airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers may exceed 0.5 f/cc. .TABLE t Respiratory Protection for Airborne Concentrations of Asbestos V Airborne Concentration of Asbestos (TWA) Rot in excess of 5 f/ee (10 X PEL) Rot in excess of 50 f/ce 1100 X PEL) Greater than 50 f/cc Rtouirad Respirator1 Reusable or single use air purifying respirator Full facepiece air purifying respirator, or a powered air purifying res pirator A type *C* continuous flow or pressure demand, supplied air respirator. 1 Respirators specified for high concentrations may be used at tower concentrations of asoestos. (Secs. 6(b). 6(c), 8(c) and 8(g). Pub. 1.91-586, 84 Stat. 1533.1590.1599.1600; 29 U.S.C. 65$. 857; Sec. 107, Pub. L 91-54,83 Stat. 90 (40 U.S.C. 333); 3S CFR Part 1911. Secratary of Labor'! Order No. 9-83 (48 FR 35736)) [79 Ooc. (Maori mi 11-z-xi us p| IU1N0 COO< 4110-JVtl. t DUP 0501580 1302757 DU 001319 1910.1000<dK2Xl) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH The value of E,, shall not exceed unity (l). Since Em is less than unity (1), the expoure combination is within acceptable limits. (ii) To illustrate the formula prescribed in subdivision (i) of this subparagraph, con sider the following exposures: Material Acetone (Table 21-1) 2-Butanone (Tab)* Z-l) Toluene (Table Z-2) Actual con centration of 8-hour exposure 8-hour time weighted average exposure limit 500 p.p.m. 1,000 p.p.m. 45 p.p.m. 200 p.p.m. 40 p.p.ra. 200 p.p.m. Substituting in the formula, we have: 500 4$ 40 Em . .S -- + ........ -p -- ' II 1,000 200 200 E. = 0.500 -i- 0.225 + 0.200 E. = 0.925 () To achieve compliance with paragraph (a) through (d) of this section, administrative or engineering controls must first be determined and implemented whenever feasible. When such controls are not feasible to achieve full compliance, protective equipment or any other protective measures shall be used to keep the exposure ofemployees to air contami nants within the limits prescribed in this sec tion. Any equipment and/or technical measures used for this purpose must be approved for each particular use by a compe tent industrial hygienist or other technically qualified person. Whenever respirators are used, their use shall comply with 5 1610.134. 1910.1001--ASBESTOS (a) Definitions. For the purpose of this section. (1) "Asbestos" includes chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, anthophyllite, and actinolite. (2) Standard effective July 1, 1976. The 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed two fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (2) "Asbestos fibers" means asbestos fibers longer than 5 micrometers. (b) Permissible exposure to airborne eoncen* trations of asbestos fibers. (I) Standard affective July 7, 1972. The 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed five fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (3) Ceiling concentration. No employee shall be exposed at any time to airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers in excess of 10 fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic cen timeter of air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (c) Methods of compliance. (1) Engineering methods. (i) Engineering controls. Engineering con trols, such as, but not limited to, isolation, enclosure, exhaust ventilation, and dust 1910.1001(cXl)(i) 702 )g 13027'iS DUP 0501581 DU 001320 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ItKMOOKeXlXi) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS collection, shall be used to meet the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (it) Local exhaust ventilation. (a) Local exhaust ventilation and dust collection systems shall be designed, constructed, installed, and maintained in accordance with the American National Standard Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operation of Local Exhaust Systems, ANSI Z9.2-1971, which is incorporated by reference herein. (b) See } 1910.6 concerning the availabil ity of ANSI Z9.2-1971, and the mainte nance of a historic file in connection therewith. The address of the American National Standards Institute is given in 1910.100. (ii!) Particular taels. All hand-operated and power-operated tools which may produce or release asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, such as, but not limited to, saws, scorers, abrasive wheels, and drills, shall be provided with local exhaust ventilation systems in accordance with subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph. (Hi) Spraying, demolition, er removal. Employees engaged in the spraying of asbestos, the removal, or demolition of pipes, structures, or equipment covered or insulated with asbestos, and in the removal or demolition of asbestos insula tion or coverings shall be provided with respiratory equipment in accordance with paragraph (d)(2Xiii) of this section and with special clothing in accordance with paragraph (dX3) of this section. (d) Personal protective equipment. (1) Compliance with the exposure limits t ' scribed by paragraph (b) of this section mav not be achieved by the use of respirators or shift rotation of employees, except: (I) During the time period necessary to install the engineering controls and to institute the work practices required by paragraph (c) of this section; (ii) In work situations in which the methods prescribed in paragraph (c) of this section are either technically not feasible or feasible to an extent insuf ficient to reduce the airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers below the limits prescribed by paragraph (b) of this sec tion; or (2) Work practical. (iil) In emergencies. (i) Wat mathodi. Insofar as practicable, asbestos shall be handled, mixed, applied, removed, cut, scored, or otherwise worked in a wet state sufficient to prevent the emission of airborne fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in para graph (b) of this section, unless the use fulness of the product would be dimin ished thereby. (Ii) Particular products and aparations. No asbestos cement, mortar, coating, grout, plaster, or similar material containing asbestos shall be removed from bags, car tons, or other containers in which they are shipped, without being either wetted, or enclosed, or ventilated so as to prevent effectively the release of airborne asbes tos fibers in excess ofthe limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (iv) Where both respirators and personnel rotation are allowed by subdivisions (i), (ii), or (iii) of this subparagraph, and both are practicable, personnel rotation shall be preferred and used. (2) Where a respirator is permitted by subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, it shall be selected from among those approved by the Bureau of Mines, Department of the Interior, or the National Institute for Occu pational Safety and Health, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, under the provisions of 30 CFR Part 11 (37 F.R. 6244, Mar. 25, 1972), and shall be used in accordance with subdivisions (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) of this subparagraph. (I) Air purifying respirators. A reusable or single use air purifying respirator, or a DUP 0501582 703 0g 1302759 1*M.IWIX2XI> DU 001321 1910.19*1(4X2X1) - STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH respirator described in subdivision (ii) or (iii) of this subparagraph, shall be used to reduce the concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed no more than 10 times those limits. (ii) Powered air purifying respirators. A full facepiece powered air purifying respirator, or a powered air purifying respirator, or a respirator described in subdivision (iii) of this subparagraph, shall be' used to reduce the concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph (b) of this section, when the ceiling or the. 8-hour timeweighted average concentrations of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed 10 times, but not 100 times, those limits. (iii) Type "C" svpplied-air respirators, continuous flowerpratcure-demand does. A type"C" continuous flow or pressure-demand, supplied-air respirator shall be used to reduce the concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed 100 times those limits. (iv) Establishment of a respirator program. (a) The employer shall establish a respirator program in accordance with the requirements of the American National Standard Practices for Res piratory Protection, ANSI 288.2-1969, which is incorporated by reference herein. (b) See S 1910.6 concerning the availabil ity of ANSI Z88.2-1969 and the mainte nance of an historic file in connection therewith. The address of the American National Standards Institute is given in I 1910.100. (c) No employee shall be assigned to tasks requiring the use of respirators if, based upon his most recent examination, an examining physician deter mines that the employee will be unable to function normally wearing a respirator, or that the safety or health of the employee or other employees will be impaired by his use of a respirator. Such employee shall be rotated to another job or given the opportunity to transfer to a different position whose duties he is able to perform with the same employer, in the same geographi cal area and with the same seniority, status, and rate of pay he had just prior to such transfer, if such a different posi tion is available. (3) Special clothing: The employer shall pro vide, and require the use of, special clothing, such as coveralls or similar whole body clothing, head coverings, gloves, and foot coverings for any employee exposed to air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers, which exceed the ceiling level prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (4) Change rooms: (!) At any fixed place of employment exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, the employer shall provide change rooms for employees working reg ularly at the place. (ii) Clothes lockers: The employer shall provide two separate lockers or con tainers for each employee, so separated or isolated as to prevent contamination of the employee's street clothes from his work clothes. (iii) Laundering: (a) Laundering of asbestos con taminated clothing shall be done so as to prevent the release of airborne asbes tos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this sec tion. (b) Any employer who gives asbestoscontaminated clothing to another per- mo.iooKdXixmxk) 70g DUP 0501583 DU 001322 a.,MiUa;tei- ttBllSBiila A OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH son for laundering shall inform such person of the requirement in (a) of this subdivision to effectively prevent the release of air borne asbestos fibers in excess of the ex posure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (cl Contaminated clothing shall be transported in sealed impermeable bags, or other closed, impermeable containers, and labeled in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section. () Method of measurement. All determinations of airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers shall be made by the membrane filter method at 400-460 x (magni fication) (4 millimeter objective) with phase contrast illumination. (f) Monitoring. (1) Initial determinations. Within 6 months of the publication of this section, every employer shall cause every place of employment where asbestos fibers are released to be monitored in such a way as to determine whether every em ployee's exposure to asbestos fibers is below the limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. If the limits are exceeded, the employ er shall immediately undertake a compliance program in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section. (2) Personal monitoring. (I) Samples shall be collected from within the breathing zone of the employees, on membrane filters of 0.8 micrometer porosity mounted in an open-face filter holder. Sam ples shall be taken for the determination of the 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentrations and of the ceiling concentra tions of asbestos fibers. (ii) Sampling fraquancy and patterns. After the initial determinations required by subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, samples shall be of such frequency and pattern as to represent with reasonable accuracy the levels of exposure of employees. In no case shall the sampling be done at intervals greater than 6 months for employees whose mo.iooi(4X4xmxb> STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS exposure to asbestos may reasonably be fore seen to exceed the limits prescribed by para graph (b) of this section. (3) Environmental monitoring. 0) Samples shall be collected from areas of a work environment which are representative of the airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers which may reach the breathing zone of employees. Samples shall be collected on a membrane filter of 0.8 micrometer porosity mounted in an open-face filter holder. Sam ples shall be taken for the determination of the 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentrations and of the ceiling concentra tions of asbestos fibers. 01) Sampling frequency and patterns. After the initial determinations required by subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, samples shall be of such frequency and pattern as to represent with reasonable accuracy the levels of exposure of the employees. In no case shall sampling be at intervals greater than 6 months for employees whose expo sures to asbestos may reasonably be foreseen to exceed the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (4) Employ** observation of monitoring. Af fected employees, or their representatives, shall be given a reasonable opportunity to observe any monitoring required by this para graph and shall have access to the records thereof. (g) Caution signs and labols. (1) Caution signs. 0) Posting. Caution signs shall be provided and displayed at each location where air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers may be in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. Signs shall be posted at such a distance from such a location so that an employee may read the signs and take necessary protective steps before enter ing the area marked by the signs. Signs shall be posted at all approaches to areas contain ing excessive concentrations of airborne as bestos fibers. UJ027G1-705 .lOOKfXIMl) DUP 0501584 DU 001323 lSKUOOHgXIXU) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (t!) Sign specifications. The warning signs re quired by subdivision (i) of this subpara graph shall conform to the requirements of 20" x 14" vertical format signs specified in 1910.145(d)(4), and to this subdivision. The signs shall display the following legend in the lower panel, with letter sizes and styles of a visibility at least equal to that specified in this subdivision. Ltgtnd Asbestos................................................ Dust Hazard.......................................... Avoid Breathing Dust........................... Wear Assijned Protective Equipment... Do Not Remain In Area Unless Your Work Requires It. Breathing Asbestos Dust Msjr Be Hex* ardoue To Your Health. Notation rSaas Serif, ' Gothic or Block. 'A" Stas Serif, Gothic or Block. `A" Gothic. 'A" Gothic. 'A" Gothic. 14 point Gothie. Spacing between lines shall be at least equal to the height of the upper of any two lines. (2) Caution labels. (I) Labeling. Caution labels shall be affixed to all raw materials, mixtures, scrap, waste, debris, and other products containing asbes tos fibers, or to their containers, except that no label is required where asbestos fibers have been modified by a bonding agent, coat ing, binder, or other material so that during any reasonably foreseeable use, handling, storage, disposal, processing, or transporta tion, no airborne concentrations of abestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph (b) of this section will be released. (II) Label specifications. The caution labels required by subdivision (1) of this subpara graph shall be printed in letters of sufficient size and contrast as to be readily visible and legible. The label shall state: Cautioh Contains Asbestos Fibers Avoid Creating Dust ' Brosthing Asbestos Dust Ms^Cium Serious Bodily Harm (h) Housekeeping. (1) Cleaning. All external surfaces in any place of employment shall be maintained free of ac cumulations of asbestos fibers if, with their dispersion, there would be an excessive con centration. (2) Waste disposal. Asbestos waste, scrap, debris, bags, containers, equipmentVand asbes tos-contaminated clothing, consigned for dis posal, which may produce in any reasonably foreseeable use, handling, storage, processing, disposal, or transportation airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers in excess of the expo sure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section shall be collected and disposed of in sealed impermeable bags, or other closed, im permeable containers. (t) Recordkeeping. (1) Exposure records. Every employer shall maintain records of any personal or environ mental monitoring required by this section. Records shall be maintained for a period of at least 20 years and shall be made available upon request to the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and to authorized representatives of either. [41 Fit. 11504, March 19,1978.] (2) Access. Employee exposure records re quired by this paragraph shall be provided upon request to employees, designated repre sentatives, and the Assistant Secretary in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.20 (a)-(e) and (g)-(l). [45 FA 35281. May 23, I960.] (3) Employee notification. Any employee found to have been exposed at any time to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in excess of the limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section shall be notified in writing of the exposure as soon as practicable but not later than 5 days of the finding. The* employee shall also be timely notified of the corrective action being taken. 1910.1001(1X3) 706 t>6$ Change 12 1302762 DUP 0501585 DU 001324 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 1910.10010) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS (I) MdIcal xamination*. (1) General. The employer shell provide or make available at his cost, medical examina tions relative to exposure to asbestos required by this paragraph. (2) Preplacement. The employer shall provide or make available to each of his employees, within 30 calendar days following his first em ployment in an occupation exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers, a comprehen sive medical examination, which shall include, as a minimum, a chest roentgenogram (posteri or-anterior 14 x 17 inches), a history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary function tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEVuj). (3) Annual examinations. On or before January 31, 1973, and at least annually thereafter, every employer shall provide, or make avail able, comprehensive medical examinations to each of his employees engaged in occupations exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers. Such annual examination shall include, as a minimum, a chest roentgenogram (posteri or-anterior 14 x 17 inches), a history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary function tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEVu). (4) Termination of employment. The employer shall provide, or make available, within 30 calendar days before or after the termination of employment of any employee engaged in an oc cupation exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers, a comprehensive medical ex amination which shall include, as a minimum, a chest roentgenogram (posterior-anterior 14 x 17 inches), a history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary function tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEVij). (5) Recent examinations. No medical examina tion is required of any employee, if adequate records show that the employee has been exam ined in accordance with this paragraph within the past 1-year period. (6) Medical records. (I) Maintenance. Employers of employees examined pursuant to this paragraph shall cause to be maintained complete and accu rate records of all such medical examina tions. Records shall be retained by employ ers for at least 20 years. (II) Access. Records of the medical examina tions required by this paragraph shall be pro vided upon request to employees, designated representatives, and the Assistant Secretary in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.20 (a)-(e) and (g)-(i). These records shall also be pro vided upon request to the Director of NIOSH. Any physician who conducts a medical examination required by this paragraph shall furnish to the employer of the examined em ployee all the information specifically re quired by this paragraph, and any other med ical information related to occupational expo sure to asbestos fibers. [45 FJt, 34333. August 13.1980.] 1910.1002--COAL TAR PITCH VOLATILES; INTERPRETATION OF TERM As used in 1910.1000 (Table Z-l), coal tar pitch volatiles include the fused polycyclic hydrocar bons'which volatilize from the distillation resi dues of coal, petroleum (excluding asphalt), wood, and other organic matter. Asphalt (CAS 8052-42-4, and CAS 64742-93-4) is not covered under the "coal tar pitch volatiles" standard. [48 F.R. 2768, January 21.1983) Change 30 707 dbe DUP 0501586 1910.1002 1302783 DU 001325