Document Ex0EbpELq5aj18MJOxgegyo74

ttgjjtiTiK*ingQf^rvB^etter Visitors from oilier countries sometimes feel that Amer icans are too concerned with material things. They say we spend too much time yearning for the latest gadgets. But there is more to this American emphasis on machines and appliances than our critics realize. Inventions--like the washing machine and the vacuum cleaner--have done more to free women from drudgery than the suffragettes ever did. Our American farmers are farmers, not peasants, because farm machin ery has done more to free the farmer from peasantry than agricultural reform laws could ever do. American industry has the eight-hour day because machine tools made our factory workers so productive they didn't need to work so long. The laws had to be passed, of course, securing equal rights for women, better condi tions for farmers, a shorter workday for labor. But-- and this is the point--the laws only became possible when materialistic inventions made them possible. In other words, material gains lay the groundwork for social and cultural gains. America is living proof of this. For, while we lead the world in steel tonnage, we are also a world leader in literacy. Our investment in schools is so great that only six nations have a total wealth amounting to more than we spend in one year to educate American children. And, while we have more automobiles than any other nation, we also have more parks, playgrounds, libraries, art museums, thea ters and symphony orchestras. Our social advances have come about thanks, at least in part, to our dynamic economic development. We build foundations before we put up steeples, in other words. The American business system makes this possible --schools as well as washing machines, symphony or chestras as well as telephones, libraries as well as such Du Pont products as nitric acid, neoprene and nylon. <mm> o .. II I'il m I BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVINS . . . THSOUGH CHEMISTRY JAM KS II. VlrCOKMlCK. lulilur Vol 46 No. 2 DUPONT MAGAZINE APRIl-MAY . 1952 Associate Editors, M A K C A KET M I N K K CORDON H. KESTER Ol II COVlill: Du Font's second oldest major product is depicted on this second cover of our 150th anniversary series. In the fore ground, artist Capo Bianco illus trates mining with dynamite back in the 1880s. The lightened back ground area symbolizes the modernday use ofdynamite, for it continues to be an accurate yardstick of our standard of living. The more builders and miners blast, the better we live. In addition to Bill Dutton's lead article, there are two other special anniversary features. Peg Miner's "The Big Drink" tells of an early use of dynamite, and Gordon Kester has edited a two-page anniversary extra, the "Delaware Courier." Restyled a bit, some of its news items, like the piece about Russian expansionism and even the one about emigration to California, could have come from the morning paper. The market quotation of corn meal at 62c a bushel and whiskey at 24c a gallon, though, now belong in the realm of imaginative fiction. Published and copyrighted 1952 by E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co, (Inc.), Wilmington. Delaware. All rights reserved. This magazine or parts thereof may not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in U.S.A. ", . , vital are llw intitule virtue*. f iwv vlht<`r>ii* |Mil)f<l*r (5ln*r . , . ? iNo nlhv has the eri-|iies.< ... eras imieh lnntne<`.' 1 ough jobs are their dish Hv WILLIAM >, DITTOS t ills, is fri'f'-hrnci- iniler Piiffan s seraini tirl'cle prnmplfd in /hi Paul's ITtilfh (mtur,-rsars, tpstln hr statin's vtislains ami Imdtlitnis nf the ( 'imtftnn v\ ptr<l ihtii iniinenm pn-Kiuii </<*' di" dtipmeiit and pnhi'Y. I hr nevt'i-etuhtt'.l ejjtnl af i'ampan \ srti-nfisis fa attain dr-fr pas: sttemssrs. and I.ts-p tia patent "stream jiuivins-U i* part <1/ that heritage* Mol, so 111,'iny vo;n'S ago a famous New York tleparlmerit si ore advert ised that. to protect its good name, if would sell no fabrics made of "art ilicial" libers. bar none, The store's ideals of quality ait* unchanged, Inti today If is one of the largest, re! .diet's of fabrics in I he growing "man made" category in flit; nation. lire lilwrs are what have changed, and by no means irivinlh. Their reformat ion Ire, been no less marked than that: of the towns ne'er-do-well who look f lie pledge and became its leading banker. In fact:, so speei-tu/ularly have the man-made biters ascended hi ie\tilo stardom...largely since World War 11 began that Dti I'oat ehotrhls and engineers ; re now facing a challenge Hint, well may be called awesome. The challenge is that of progress, which is insatiable. 'The textile scientists are asked to excel (heir own pasl performance almost as a rout ine of (he job. The records of yesterday HI A . . Im'Hit 11 in t> our | mi la'ii t jure-c* frill Il I'out OH lll't*.dli)> , HtH-Il )IS IVM-Ul OIIO lltl MIJIH* III Talent* arc Mgiw along roailnuv leading io lower c-usls, tidier qiialily , . . ' S|iruy jiainting lull) Mcaiti is new [liitenl. have been shattered beyond luHI i or reeogn 11, ion.. lei.';:. j.nve I.o iIj iv 'k a bigger slud fering! ''Tough jobsare mirdish!" is I,lie slogan Hounded, a few moot Iik ago. by one of the lopeehelun of Du Pout's newly streamliimd Textile Fibers Department Cocky as iliat may sound, lie wan merely echoing "general Company j io I lev." livery day in every way the indus-sirin) inventor must grow bettor and fief,tore how much better Ls hard l,o say in I lie ease of I hi Pouf, buf; Home 7,000 improvementis have been made. The figure in that, of lilt: mirnlter of active patents flic; Company now owns. Stripped of legal golibiede gook. n jinteni, is simply the certification by fftal impersonal and highly skeptical government agency. I lie U. H. Paten!, Ofliee, that an ent truly "new and awful" thing has been conceived by the paiemholder, and I hat if works. Practically, this means that in some manner an exist ing tool or product lias been improved, or f.bal. a new and be I ter tool or product has been devised as a result of original lira in work and ingenuity. Patents are signs along the: roadway leading Inward lower easts, higher quality and bell er living in the land. Also each Is a warnin''; off sign crying. "This improvement has been inado: I ,ook beyond, nil who would improve 1 lie fi it ore!" Thinking offhand, you might get I he idea l.lmt a stream of more than 7,000 patents is an accumulation of many years, jealously impounded behind leakproof walls atirl perhaps stagnant in tin? backwaters. The fa< t is 1,11at alt of the patents were `.``ratiter! since* 19'T> or fj'hs than !7 years ayu, ' That was only yesterday in an economy where experience dicta I c m Ilia! il usually lakes a good ten years to bring n minor new product from the inceptive stage to profitable pmdud ion. 'The si ream is fast flowing by law. The datemark on the oldest patent, is mandatory, for alter 17 years it goes into the public domain where it is the free properly of everybody. At the current rate of expira tion, better than one patent daily passes from Du Pont ownership into the common industrial ocean, pumped t,licit* automatically and for all time to conic. In literally thousands of cases, patents are offered for licensing to others before I he expiration dale. The chemical inventor lias the job, not only of keeping f lic stream fresh and brimming over, but of excelling himself every lime t.hal he adds an invention, for re[leal performances don't impress (lie Patent Oilier* at. all. And there is no begging off that job with Du I 'out. That is the way things have been since 180-1, when the first dn Pont the* founder...patented a mad due for improving the granulation of gunpowder, and so started the stream. Subsequent general ions have taken no small pride in the fact that, not once since that lime lias the stream been allowed to run dry. What: followed the advent: of nylon fillers in Hie development of still newer fillers is as good an example h b .any of how the Company's present-clay improvers of quality are meeting their challenge. First, however, "ThouB,imli> ol palrnls aro ollVrt-il fur lieniMti" !u ul1i<*r> hHinr r\|Hrnlimt.'" Somr nm1 r manh I'h Hu iv af >oJiom. u.-rd Ut ruaUo Id's delim; whal is now meant by new quality in fibers.. a similar view prevails right down the product line, in photo graphic film, plasties, iinislies. weed killers, orwhal nave you. Hie big drerun of the older inventor was to create a i i well,a 11 iea I sil k worm, |.o vie vvil li a,a turn's fibers, Thai ceiiluriesold dream passed in t.he early BldOs when rayon was given its own name and groomed to stand on its own merits as a new and different liber. Progress in libers today, a I least with Du Pont, is measured by I lie addif ion of new libers as dis tinguished from imitation, and I he distinct ion is shnr|:. There is no pom! n| all, for instance, jo creating .'mother liber X when you have a liber X. Why put two tails on your k i to? Bui there is plenty of pom I, to ere; t ting a 1 i her I hut will do some tilings tliaf neil her fiber X nor any other filler will do. Nylon brought to textiles a liber with an impressive array of proper! ie.s. f n so doing it set, ,t new standard, a new j uni pingof! place for all future liber inventors. Fabrics of nylon will wash easily, dry quickly, have unusual si rength and toughness ami resistance lo wear. They have their share of wind Ihi Pont calls a fiber's "easy living factors.'' Unless your new fiber possesses most of I hem at the outset, it isn't, worth mere than an honorable men tion in a routine Inborn lory report today. This tester eoni|mre(l abrstsiim resist a nee of fabrics a! riidit. Larger tin* hole, less tin* abra sion resistance. Test sinewed nvlnn tottuhcsl. 3t follows that "Orion" acrylic fiber, announced in 1 Sill), did have rno.sl of' the easy living factors of nylon as a matter of course. It bad its own unique virtues, loo, or you would never have heard of it. 'Two outstanding qualifies of "Orion" are a remarkable resistanee to outdoor exposure and acid attack, and an equally remarkable! ability to form as a staple til)er what the textile specialist calls bulk. That is, "Orion" staple, as no other liber can, gives you at once fine hand and lightness, plus durability. Yet with all of these laurels, "Orton" had si ill .mother bnair; property to equal before it could hope to become commercially acceptable by modern i)u Pont purchased. At your question, the men working with "Dacron" smile in the security of another objective assailed ami won. Certainly tJieir fiber has many easyliving musts, and more. No ot her has what they call the crispness of this newcomer, or as much bounce. A shirt or dress of "Dacron", for instance!, will look starched without any starch, and will stay that way. Let it get- rained on, or caught in a fog, and in no time it will bounce right back to its pristine freshness. "Just think of the potentialities in lightweight summer suits!" invite the champions of "Dacron." "It will hold its press, and " (let them started on new worlds to conquer, these . . Ilm for m.iLtii'*, `Ihion* wii> improved again and again .. Klreaked ninth in girl's hand, made from early I'esenrrIi-.-Uage fiber, is held agai h k I ninth from present plant prodiietitin. standards. This property u i nformtty of filaments, all "firsts" and no "seconds" - was a goal set originally by rayon. Here is where the production engineers were challenged to make good. By summer 1900, they had a fine $17,000,000 plant built and upending at Camden, S.O. But research and engineering efforts never end at Du Bout, and the plant, and process for making "Orion" were improved again and again to I,urn out the bast possible quality of yarn. It is time to ask, not without, wonder, what arc the unique virtues of new "Dacron" polyester fiber, now being made by Du Pouf, from patent rights it lias doers whose dish is tough jobs, and it is hard to get them stopped which is why, perhaps, that patent stream begun by Bleu there Ire nee du Pont in 1804 can lay claim to its own crispness and bounce. Last: year, 1182 fresh Du Font patents were added, ciesnite more stringent regulations lately imposed to eliminate all but the most meritorious of claims for official recognition. This year, the Du Pont patent lawyers will inform you, the tough-job boys are expecting to do a little better than last year, and they will add with due modesty: "After all, ilia tbs Company tradition 4 '('/nil's irhttl intlitsirivs are jim/tng they van do with limv-sariitfi (hi Paul vxploshv rivals 11 iih explosive* yon can do many a job boiler, quicker and cheaper.'' Thai's a familiar (heme in our pages when we're talking about industrial blasting. Oil a smaller scale, it's just as true of Du Pouf explo sive rivets. 'These mighty midgets were born in 1940 and hurried out of (he nursery stage to help (he air craft industry. From Hum until Hie end of the war the military demand was so great that all of them wen* siphoned tiff by the aircraft industry. 'Today's news, however, concerns I he spread of (he explosive rivet into oilier industries, for the manufac ture of ears, (.rucks, buses, refrigerators, freezers, elec tronic equipment anti tin1 like. The figurative spread of these fasteners has a lot. to do wit.lt their literal spread. For an explosive chef is hollow, with a small explosive charge inside. When file rivet is placed in the hole and the head touched with a hot Du 'Pont riveting iron, the charge goes off. The shank suddenly expands, selling the rivet tightly and permanently. 'The process is rapid -..one man can set from 90 (o 25 a minute .and flic lit tie devices won't vibrate loose. They don't, require any alter finishing; you just eel iltom anti forget them. The biggest postwar user of explosive rivets, out side of (lie aircralj held, is the autumotive industry. .Millions of these fasteners are going into the cousmtei am and repair of large veil ides, and millions more a re at work fixing ears. Oiu.' auto-repair customer tells us that assembling radiator grilles with ordinary fasteners fakes up in d 5.. hours, but with explosive rivets lie can do the job in an hour. 1 `atclung jobs can be done cheaper. ton. since here's no need to remove panels, piping or wiling that might otherwise have In be removed. No >x|jonsive e<jid|meni is required and any given rivet, will fusion various thicknesses of material. Thi" man who lias his vehicle repaired also seems to approve. In many cases. In* has .repelled lo our customers that the neat, sturdy work done with these rivets hits actually increased 1 he resale value of his car, bus or truck. With news like that getting around, the `'bang" of an explosive rival is sounding more and more like the pleasant jingle of money in (lie pocket. After :i iic bio |Mtu*i been poMltiiiU'il. an espioshe rhet I- jiliKeeit hi :j drilled 1ml. . < 'Is; -e {..ibr-;; sr.- >:.st . Wln*n a rh el is touched \<ilit !ml Du I'mit rheiitij,: iruti. it's ... 1 :f.,full-. P:: ; . f: : : i V.\. if . !: In ul this korran orphan ran Ik * rrad thr Irairidv of ar, No word> rotiEri <`\|n*rs* ii mure <ih-4iHy. Jos' i .a-Aii. s'his'f filioio-ira j j Ih -p' lor Ihr Nrv York Suit tin v .Mirror Ma^tiz m*`--kiny I'Vtit iirr* S\n- tlir.alu....&ml liuurtl rlnii.riiiaji ofllu*. NzUhisud Pliolnjii'rt |ilici'< \>m>i is ,i liNitliuji < jioLs'S- liMill lor till* prolrs^ion ti un I our ol i I ^ ahlr-tl Ilrli* ixfli Irri 11 * i *- sn-lo-lr lor 11M- m* al flu- rrtpir>l ufflllr Jlti i*oiil Photo IVorfucih ^ liirli ihr fo ld of ; *- [>liohir`ijh} I -j] with hiph- <| il;l I *f y Is Iiii ` |iii|jers mill fiMBfeMi tty -H )SKJ*1 J COSTA 1 Hr headline in a New York newspaper for November iSi), lyfil, rend; "Housing Unit Healed by Camera,'' Thin was 1,1m Hf.orv behind the headline: Tenants of a public bousing unit in Now York's upper East Ride had been sleeping in their doilies for ii of the preced ing Iff nights because "the furnace had broken down, and fixing things like that took time." As a result of tlu* tenants' complaint to the newspaper, a news camera began clicking. Before nightfall the furnace was running like a watch, and the folks upstairs were warm as toast. 'I'llis is a rather isolated instance In which the nows camera is publicly given credit for service to mankind, and I'm afraid it's not typical. Instead, the import!mI, role of (he press photographer in our society has been largely undervalued. Today, happily, more 0 and more newspapers...along' with television, maga zines. educators and lumnil'aeluvers.. are becoming; aware of news photography. Why? is it because, through pictures, the greatest mass training program ever a I tempted lay man was made 'possible during the las!: war? Is it because TV has made so many people picture-conscious? Is it: because of tlie startling financial success of puhtiea1 ions whidi stake their entire existence on pictures? 1 think iI. isn't for any of these reasons separately, although collectively they have all helped to make the snowball roll faster. The real reason, I believe, is that seeing helps us understand. Because this is so, press photography helps us keep up with (he fast-moving events of today's complicated ex is! cnee. The two largest -circulation newspapers in the United Stoic's today are pie!tire newspapers. One of (he most successful magazines in the Untied Slates today is a picture magazine. Wo can f.urn a deaf oar to snobs who argue that people who read "picture publications" are ignorant, cannot reach or are too lazy to study a situation for themselves. Intelligently conceived picture's have the power to stimulate and inform ('veryone. In fad., the most competent photn reporters have long since learned to "wrile" a story with pictures. They do not merely record a person, an event or a mood, but a moment of history. r.V.MKUAS m.L ! STORY 'Tito ability to spell, punctuate, and write gram matically is the foci mical side of good writing. In the same way, selecting the right (din, lens, and exposure is the technique of good photography. The effective use of words, wit h l heir exact mean ing and connolat ion, is the inspire l ion; d side of writ ing, a quality that corresponds to flic ability to make truly great story-Idling pidures. Thus, in t he hands of the competent news photog rapher. I lie camera becomes mi in.st rumen! I hruugli which the young and the old, the laborer and the educator, the rich and the poor, can ail be helped lo see the world more clearly. Because of pictures, we know more about and therefore belter uiidersland (he social and political conflicts going on all aboul us. We know more about one another about the miner, atilo worker, seaman, sports figure, pilot. railroad worker, soli her. hanker, nazi or communist or fascist. I he causervat iveor the 1 literal. I'M "IT H l\S \ K11 UM \ KKSYt. Press photography bridges language barriers anil national boundaries as though they did not exist. We arc better able to understand, ! [trough seeing the peo ple of other lands, (hat except for dress and customs they? are exactly the same sort of human beings wo ourselves are. Through the published pidures of old masters, art has been taken out of the picture galleries and brought into the home. Paim.mgs which have never left I lie conn cries where they were creeled are familiar to an ever-growing population of art lovers. And don't overlook the role of I ho camera in spur ring social reform. News photographs with terrific emo tioual impact have stirred up agitation fur safely measures hi mines, on ships, railroads, planes and in iIn' prevention of tires. Drab pictures of mothers and children, living' amid squalor in slum areas, have been responsible for I he acceleration of more than one slum eloaraitee project. Is I here anyone who will d ispute I he sobering effect of pill.mvs showing enemies of society before the bar of justice*' Surely count less would-be law breakers have looked at picture's of handcuffed, repentant prisoners. and resolved that the criminal way was no! fur them. Bo it goes. Thanks to the camera, and die press photographers who "write" their stories with pidures. we all have front-row seals at the world's history making events. Si.ay-al-home eyes are amused, enkri.ained, inspired, !,aught, and stimulated. Through pici 11res, t.he greatest mimher of people are kept in(\> rmod ...and what could he more important, to the lot ore ol any democracy':' Thi* "*Hi**rn m h Ic Ii**.- biu ih o v -. Morirr* untoM. 11 s:nv Dipt. Cliiriseifs Hying Fitler/jf/.se . . . . . . Mm-I.p VI a* I- niiidk fiiiiiiPB to F\\\m tin1 Ji<ri* .,> - - . ;mi tin- inuji'rnjilrr alum*** nl Bikini, fotirili ni-mii hla-l in hi^tor 'flat!',* ivfiat they're railing Sea ie r- (,V* a ter. Ilii ihtnl's netr fast-iliying paint product Ilv .!AY II. MACKEY nutl II. O. I'.UADUOY Hiirtf would you say to a new paint produd that: Primes and seals at. the same time? Dries in just, two hours? i las h taint, pleasant aroma? Covers bare plaster or vmll board as well as lint paint or enamels? Is easy In apply wit h brush or spray grin? Cuts cost, on new construe! ion? These are the major advantages of Do Pont Sealer-Coater, now on (he market, after two years of field testing. The now produd usually dries in less than two hours, and has been known to dry in 15 or 20 min utes. By Hie time a painter finishes priming the average room, he is able to go right around again with the topcoat. We visited several representative contractors and master painters to find out whal their experience will) I lu Pont Sealer-Coater hurl been. In 81. Petersburg. Pin., we talked with George F. Saxton, an old-timer in tlw: business of painting. "Down here, maybe as high as 90 per cent of i fie walls and ceilings are painted." said Saxton. "This should lie good from our poinl of view, but at the same time it has meant a lot of headaches. "You see." Saxion explained, "must of our inside work is on rough, sand-finished plaster walls and ceil ings of new homes. We're really lucky if the owner gives the plaster Lime to dry and cure before he wants if painted. "'We have used half a dozen or so different things for sealer coats, but no mailer how careful \ve were, at limes we had what painters call tint spot. runs, or (lashes. "Your Sealer-Goater seems t.o have licked this problem lor us, and as n sealer on plaster...rough or smooth.. it. cun'I be beat. II completely seals hairlines and fine cracks. My painters and I have been using the product since we heard of if, and recently sped lied it for a new $100,000 home on the lwaeh. 1 n this big man sion. an artist moved right along behind us painting designs and murals directly on (he walls over tine Sealer-Coater." Out in Cleveland, the problems of a paint foreman were different. His employer had a rush eon trad: to make tanks, and sol about, reconditioning a World War II 'plant where there had been practically no mainte nance since 1944. The plant was concrete except- for a few exposed surfaces of cement block lhat hadn't been painted since the building was eompleled ion years earlier. Everything was dirty, dusty and dry. The foreman estimated that. with luck, lu* could linish (lie 20-aere projed in seven months. His paint crew set up as fast as possible...and then hit snags. "The primer sealers we tried had to dry overnight before revealing, and it looked like goodbye to I hai seven-month estimate." he recalled. A Du Pont, finishes represent alive offered him a little Sealer-Coater to test out.. Here is the foreman's report; "Sealer-Coaler has saved u;> precious t imr because it dried so tasl. We applied i.he finish coat, in from out: to two hours with perfect results. The Sea let:-Co; tier seals perfectly. and the gloss is even and uniform on bolli concrete and cement block surfaces. Many of the areaswe.ro very dirty, and normally we would want to apply three coats. The new product made it- possible to do a line job in two coals." 51`lt WINK H Ml KPl lilt To speed up I lie job, the painters at the lank plant sprayed most surfaces, all hough Saxton's men in St. Petersburg preferred t.o apply Sealer-Coater with a brush. When sprayed, ihe product covered about 500 square feel of Ihe concrete per gallon mid about 50 less of cement block. "It handled well in the spraying equipment," the foreman reported, "and there was no clogging of the pms. The men found it easy to dean tire guns and lines at the end of each day's work." Meeting a deadline is also imporfanl where a room out of service mentis a loss in revenue, such as in hotels, office buildings and hospitals. A store, for exam ple, can be painted overnight and be ready lor business in the morning. The chief painter of a large office build ing hi an Allanlk* seaboard city explained lhai lie tried to schedule all painting during regular working hours, to cut down extra labor charges. "We can prime and seal an o I lice in four hours or less wiili Du Pont Sealer-Coater, and can start right around again with a final cord . (hushing the whole job in a day," he said. And the tenant, instead of heir g squeezed in with a neighbor for (wo clays ran move right back into his of lice Ihe next morning. 9 Mixing lil.mi inn dioxide into oilier printing ink (iigrcdMiils sit Braziiell < ioiiijisitiy in Hi, l<oni>. i'or vi.-r.saliIiI.y in cl Kinging its habits to fit industry's needs. snowy vviiito titanium dioxide might well ho called . . , liy HKTTY BO ITS :> >< ,JAMKS MACK For all their prowess. I he Titans of mythology have nothing on their' nmnesakc?, titanium. As recently ns World War I. its commercial value was practically nil. Yet in scarcely 30 years it has become so useful that today, between break faa I and bedtime, everyone is sure to handle or see at least one object marie better by titanium compounds. (amsklorod rare for more? than a century after its discovery in I 7*9. titanium is actually more abundant than zinc, copper, lead, tin, and nickel combined. The most common and stable compound, used primarily as a pigment, is the dioxide, a combination of the metal and oxygen. Titanium dioxide is a white powder, so lint; that 7(5,000 individual particles of the Du Pont product side by side would measure only one inch long. This fineness and whiteness make it particularly suited for soaps, shaving cream and face powder. It is widely used as a whitening agent in printing inks, leather 10 dressing, and the familiar while shoe polish. Your stationery probably contains Du Foul titanium diox ide, too, as it. adds both white ness amt opacity to paper. To business, this means a saving in terms of postage because thinner and lighter-weight paper can be list'd for catalogs anil the like; to both the business man and housewife it moans fine, white writing paper. The compound's whiteness allows up in poreckiitiixed steel and in your chinaware glaze, too. I sere another of its properties also helps: if is inert. The extremely high tempera funs necessary for the glaze and poreelamixing process do not idled titanium diox ide, although f hey yellow ordiseolor most other agents, lids indifference to temporal are makes if a valuable whitener for either relatively low-temperattire appli cations, such as waxing of white paper, or much boiler ones such as mold tug plastic toilet ware. If veil a pie plate made of paper treated with the powder holds its strength while the pie is being baked. Titanium dioxide is a chameleon in the hands of industry----changing its habits to (it industry's needs. Rayon mamifacturors. for instance, found out that most people didn't like shiny garments. So they added I Ids pigment to debts ter the yarn, and turned out a dull, soft-looking filler. Laler this idea was easily adapted to newer synthet ic fibers. Three sped lie exam ples of usefulness to ilie rubber industry are while sidewall fires, i.lie white rubber rain capes worn by policemen, anil hospital sheeting, in all three eases. titanium dioxide gives the most whiteness per unit of dry pigment, and thus makes less change in (lie rub herd own properties. tr> T.yoK .tons And so it goes. (htr reference lists 15 major intis for tire dioxide, bul the volume going into paim is something like four limes th;u of all other uses put together. As a Scit'nlific Amt'riaw writer expressed it. the pigment means "greater mileage for paints." I Is whiteness, hiding power, inertness and stability are alt in a class by themselves. In some of the new paints this pigment is the only o ik ' that can lie used, and I here's a lot of truth in the argument, of paint men who say it's titanium dioxide that gives present-day white paaii.s their extraordinary whiteness and hiding power, amt gives lire lighter colors their clarity, -lust, how good is this `Vmering capacity" we've been talking about? Experts say it'd about fen f lines that of white lead a major reason why 1 tu Unit lias increased product ion of "Ti-I'iire" titanium dioxide by something like 70 per ecu I in the last fen years. Th.-tl chameleon idea of changing to (it needs per tains to (iianium dioxide in paints. too. In those such as Du I 'out ``-IP" ouiside white house paint, and oi her leading brands, it slosvjv "chalks" and cleans itself. On the In;r hand, it also goes into extremely durable (ittisties, such as the spark It tip; white enamel finishes of your refrigerator and .stove. Paint manufacturers use either the (jure or the extended form of the compound in their finishes. The J )u Punt Pigments 1 )o partmen l Is n major mnnuf'aclurer and supplier of Ixilh types. At flu: top of its fi.si, is "TbPure" If rutile titanium dioxide, which shows 20 lo !() -per cent greater opacity t ban the aiijitaso form of the pigment. However, the Depart ment also makes an anatase type of pure pigment; and it* extended pigment, containing about !>0 per emit of the dioxide and 70 per cent of calcium suit ate, is called "Ti-lkiT It nil He titanium calcium pigment. Back in 1945 the J)u Pont, Magazine d esc rilled wnri ime uses of the versatile dioxide in smoke screens, protect ive face creams for soldiers, and better coat irtgs for welding rods. Now the latest publicized develop ment is ill pigmet it mg plasties and m gems that out shine diamonds. New' uses, plus extra-heavy demands from the old standbys, are still outfacing the industry's expansion program. When the current pinch from defense activities eases no, though, (here .should be plenty of the while stuff for the Ifi or so industries where titanium dixoide is already at home arid enough for others we probably haven't even thought about yet. ((nr of im'iv it us<*r of the dioxide N for jiigitii'uting |ifasli'h. J'itiul iiidut-lry. Inmrver, use!- iih u t nillimn oliH-rw nimliiin-d. It's fi bird, it's a plane, it's a Pan American OlipiXT . . . The Clippers are a cinch to identify now that Pan American has painted cabin tops white find increased the size of letters and numerals on all its transoceanic aircraft. it happens that easy identification is just what the doctor ordered the doctor, in lids awe, being the U. S. Air Force, which recently risked airlines to make recognition simpler for pilots of the Interceptor Com mand by increasing (.he size of aircraft markings. For "Operation White Top" Pan American speci fied Du Poid. "Dnlux" finishes, which dean easily and art! flexible enough to withstand vibration at low' tem pera Lures without cracking. White-painted cabins are nothing new, however, to users of Du Pont finishes. Some time ago, a coopera tive study was made by Du Pont and United Airlines. When cabin tops were painted with white "Dnlux", they found, the interiors remained 10 to lb degrees cooler in sunlight than tin painted ones, thus adding great- Iv to passenger coin fort.. Since (lien several air lines. including National, -Piedmont, and All-Arnerican, also have dressed up their fleets with "Dulux" white. Sweet corn from Florid:!. now available to \mcrirans as each as M arch, is l h> new osl t*t11*|Ii-r in I lie eontinutn" histoi \ of corn . < . Our 20,000-year-old crop Scientists agree that corn must have been eulli- vatcd at least 20.000 years ago. In mi ellbri ti> unravel I he mystery of how it. developed, Iowa 8Um* College operates a tropical research center in Antigua, (1 uatenmla. 'I'llIs remote spot was selected lor eorii research because linsinte. n grass like plant front which i*:>rn is believed to have descended. is nat i vr to (ruai.i-irala, and corn grows there in many variants. Despite its long history, corn is very much up to date. "I lybrid corn, a man-made product developed during the past 25 years, may prove In he llie most far-reaching contribution in applied biology of this century." according to an article in Scientific American. Actually the idea of cross ing varieties of corn was probably known to the Indians, and witch-hunting Colton Mat tier pub lished observations on the natural crossing of corn varieties in I 7.1Ii Corn hybrids, producod by inbreeding and crossbreeding corn plants, have revolut ionized agriculture In the eoni hell. They boosted the average yield from '24 to 42 bushels per acre between 194 a ami 1 l lybrid cum litis expanded the corn holt, toe. New and lie tier vari eties have been developed Cor once marginal si ales. 'Pile deep South is becoming a big factor in corn production, and some Florida farmers even pro duce two crops of sweet com a year. Credit tor these* phenomenal gains is shared by six factors: 11') use of hybrid seed, (2 ' improved machinery, 131 better fertilisers, i-C new insecti cides, ih) specialized seed disinfeetanls, urn) id weed killing chemicals. Tue farmer cm now obtain insect icidcs t< cope with almost all kinds of pests except imin viied Sunday dinner guests from (lie city, In hi bat tle against the Curopean corn borer, flu- i'anne lias learned that insecticides are indispensable l >11 Pont "neonate" DDT insecticide has beci used <m many com belt farms. Last year, tin Illinois Natural History Survey, cooperating will Illinois emincrs, tested a new t)u Pont insecticide KPN-300, Very promising results against the l to re were reported. Practical experience has also proved I ha Du I `out "Ancon" and " Amiran" SI*' seed (bain feet aids an* responsible for Iretier product ion o corn in many fields. They protect seed from decay damping oil', and seedling blights caused by mam seed- borne and soil born*' organisms. rhemical weed killers, siu h ns Du Pont 2.4-D have also increased corn yields. Not- only do sitcl chemicals kill weeds more oliiciently tban oi.be met hods. but. tiles also save expensive hours o hoeing and cultivating. While the seed grower bends his talents :m< experience to i lie development of new .md nol le varieties of corn, fill* chemical matin lad urer eon limit's his research for Ivt-ler chemicals. Together they are busy out lining the next chapter in tit history of our 20,OOP-year-old crop. letwtrfi to Jfrrna, golitirg. fiiterature, g>ri 1*HIMTKD AJill.IM III.ISHKI IVFoiIuzne LIAvL1--IMmot . ' 1111. rrnKmIUAAVi, Till! Uetaware Cixiirliw hn** 11 1f h Iii(1#i fwli-i* ii# grmmt. tm any th*r --_ llt tJ|1, S|te, THE TERROR IIP EUROS W liuve lived tou'long. and rend ton mueli PulKill*I trail "Fearfanfl.' "WltMIfteiTOM. f1IIIMY,; NOV KM I `.KU Ih,v.'. Itussih.-Iier popiiliition, herTescinrees.mniHieriKn .believ<!.uil.tlint..we.lui.ve.lieard .and ..rim cl .within, tl two months about her ``speelHil", powerless, wfy -The emigration from'Now'Ycrk to California is again concIMon. We know- that-she is not only the bu ......'PUree the- JWeur- JPrmfOentl : awl even standee, in the Dim id Webster,- which is to "biit.1:1 ii" terror"dfiT "In ipe,..tliut all tlie powe snil-for Nieawgun; w*sdisposed of ir week iigo, nt which afraid of her, mi (Hi rout Britain1-not-the1 least;'o : ftttwisws- "Pifaiei" o p-Ne w -H xMiunrit E,-Dnorrn lie candidate for President, lis triumphed dceiniveiy over time Cotiuii5fWre;ySndfAIIt TMsforfe.d.M:jfk>p...t.he..k. nf tickets. The same rush is experienced by the proprie tors of the Panumu route. .... If.tlm.Caar.could.only-be.oouteul.wilh-wliat-h has--one eighth of till the kmijinm of the glob IlieWUgs* Gen,Win Cold Scott,herouf the Mexican War, one-fifteenth or more of tlie whole population At Lliia writing, with nil-returns liot yet counted,, Kepcs appears to have on electoral majority of 1fl. BUSINESS MATTERS pence a nil progress might hu hoped for in Europe, we speak of the Czar's ambition, we menu ruth The list campaign 1ms been marked by bitterness on Russian pul icy, which makes it worst:. The Csarbi both sides. The Whigs pictured Pierce im a tool of for BEY Ik BROTHER vies tlmt out, as he has dime in Hungary --win eign countries mid tire moneyed interest. The Demo Wholesale and retail Grocer*, Front and Orange policy lias been for tlie lust 300 years, and what it * crats, ill turn, characterised Gen. Soollns *`a weak.-vain " 'oM'inan,'*.................................................:............................ Streets, Wilmington; would coll the attention of their friends1 midthepubtic'generally'to their liirgtt and friSti" -ll-ii-l.il the ..Empire..absorbs.all. .Europe...!!nd half of Jiasri! .been,'.beaten, by..a... foe., which,.resorted -to- .nnd. .I.T..i*All*Oki.NkNiIIfloii|... slander sun! falsehood,1' tone) Is one of Our sister Jour Cupe.Coffees, Spices of all Wticiii. Haleratiw, Indigo, internal dissension, - :- ". null, " Whig adherent. Democratic.[i;i(ix on the other Chocolate,- Segura; Snuff, Girdcii'ieetk," k ;*e. Ttirby the'keg, Soap nnd.CMlea..i.i...iiimfiiijrerajmecs,. .imtidi-ramlt'-in-Gieirparty Vvirtery"'mw'*`thc'f((ireiid;" Dupont's Canister. Gun. I Blasting Powder, Butler, Tlie rump.iiiicl...rtii.nip..c>f. a .profligate party, wIiMiJias. -Bit*.*!,1 Pel*trie.*1nnd nil1 kinds Own try-produce; All of1 IJUJAIi -NEWS" Thelbcofbe^ I1 ' i1`-Y A'"fl O5*1!!, <*:&*1*IT0> .s 1 i yyery. weefc,.. .. H6ri'oWd'''1t^if^nihoWi^-- ry celebrations til roiiflirm I. Pefawitre, At New Castle, down Market. Street, an Tuesday eve last nitlier h i a,large pile of hogsheads and ter barrel* was set afire in the heart of town, Humes rrwtns high as tlie rooftops. finoiidiAS' IfitAim---In Europe, by a Georgian hcniily is usually understood u full, Antler creature, of n volup tuous-figure wrappesl iti ample rich apparel; with thick mounted on a fine horse, suddenly turned iul .Street, when the feet of Ms noble iitced-pasicd quid the flag-alone from beneath hh body, and both Tin* Kiwi mn<m wnxriixchnrged repeatedly, hmikiugn blank hair, lung enough to entwine its glossy fetters and iiiBir lay pnislfitte witli the enrtii. No irijiu number of window.*; Jo Wit in region the Democrats around all the hearts of men; with ctn open, noble fore believe, w h s received by cither, as the rider * singed a torchlight porn tie, head. told u pair of eyes within whose ilurk, .mysterious, mounted again and punming bis way iis ' ' ................................................""---- -- magic cirrio the secrets of nil delights of sense will soul lie siicB-tounfl. Her gitit is luxury. Joy goes* before her, ViilPiiliI#..Mtelfft..................... ftBil.iitl minitillft follows her. There are hundreds of such -beauties -in-otir-own -flair-lit mb mid-if "ttie-reiider-desins- .. ff,* 't'Z. Ii"i'""ii^ ii .Oj .If111 pic tnliecoiue interestingin their eyes, lie should go lo IWai, -dcimci!(j- -icene'!-iii -im- cngraviflg-of: no -ordin Their own hands, has-not beer destroyed-by the tire at Ii;immsf'ium^CMMnv Start, No. S4 Chestnut Street.. The tim.fi pirn. - I.nmiitol hcyo'nd'diiiscri "tlii: Niilioiiiil 'Libra ry as wisit 1 rst ippreSentliiiritwi*' ,timl ..get.Tli n t~whieii.wi 11 -render-hi in -so-ftl-once,.............. 'the"whole boot, to nuy the least of it, is wor .not, in, that builduig-uUlL-H longs in -the'-Pal cut' Office, for a.BtxoK-l ac e visw,-found in Aimes-itii..subscription price. Viva-- hiv-Hodey.... Tilt In such II position, anil unuiided by such eomhijx- Market-Street on Mondiiy. The owner yaii Iitwe ......................... ..... #......*..............:.:.. 'Titile mafctiuliLas"to'ke^ 'tlitrsiinie1 ly"ei1Iiiijt'"Il;"Tilf anil "Market It*.................. Washington Union truly remarks Hint the destruction -SAMT, M. A1KIN. Splendid Picture*--Some of the most, bom f this inestimable relic of the jMWt would ins more Daguerreotype likenesses Unit hive been produi regretted by tlie people thn n tlie loss of mil lions o f money. IffittITllff Sllllf Wilmington for a long lime are then* which are seat forth from the skylight gallery of Betts & Cii A WHOLE FAMILY POISONED Tlie Messrs, du l*oul have submitted mi: offer to Corn- mljoiuinji our office, in the Glarier Building. ' moilore C, Morris, chief of Ordnance for the Navy, to yrime Hanover Iltmli slate* Hint the wife of Mr, supply n large amount of Citnnon and Musket Powder I Suimicl Little (carpenter) uf Gettysburg, Pa., on to the Fleet in 18SS, As we understand it, the Navy ... Siiijfcy even i m kit, while laboring under* It. of mental requires tfffl barrels of powder nil told. Itto be deliv wtm-w -uberm tioii, administered poison to the family, con fisting1 ered in throe loti, at Charleston, Brooklyn and Norfolk, ..ofil1ii*riliiilfijtiill;llttir*!eleIiilclrii11tttKl''t''BerwiBt:iTlii!liiM-' on or before the llrat -of-Mo-y- nest, Should -the du Pont .blllltl linn since, died, .end .tlie. rest, were not, expected to, proposal be noeeptad, ala rgo a mount of activity will lie ... In..Christiana.. Hundred,..on...lire..l8t--inst,,-:-F Io c mk , aged about 100 j o t s ,....................... 1...... survive. Mrs. Lillie immediately fcil mid lias not been lAiHW'WMi/nai, aged years, I.jiwntli.nr.djl... ..iMwit-nf-ainw.-TIro Tfiuiovertipcctomrgi f T different' ... .A'WAi,'p*wiiIpcMwriifl1tAiIIii'S]I#ntliieF smi Bmmt, IAv it iik s o n , aged 1 year, S it io h IIi* < verxinn of this affuir, -- It .stiysall .|IItolly .urertcover* age;..it always made him iut. .'*1. hnv*-eeii-4ha time," days--both-of croup,- and lovely .children-of- -CJalcl ing, iul that Mrs. Little hint been arrested. said another/>when it ,nude you Jfe.Asa-MIIte powder fuie valued t tfW, cl iirtel.riiwse "froin'"the "kisyiiiif"Cn 5f 1Jl W*JM5i uank-frunrsightata-aightaway:" . . Mr, tliiigley. 5io*ifked lliii| lun-e siiiiileilllie tmi. to me if it. was indeed afire. Qpt, Yrcadway!S"tq>ly";tO"tl)ui"'iMlly">hna">not""becn"Ten>nledi> CORRESPONDENCE OF THE COURIER FtlABB IN WEST would be held at the ODD! ing Tuesday eve. The most intense excttenmit prevailed. New York, November S, 1 Word has reached here of the arrival of 460 kegs of Fumllf town oieetiiw was.called, unit it was issofrai -Yon will haw heard of"the'great -Du -Pent "liJasling-newiler-n l-Snn -Pm neimo-ntoard-the to use mti hcmornble means to pcmiade Mr. Iluileiili, -:..... |i*,ln Philadelphia till Sunday,' by which 811)0,000 in Celestial, forileliwwY'tii' fleck & Palmer, agents tor tills .. ;.;.. cipert}' was destroyed, and the great, fire hero on But- Messrs, du I*i| iu thill city. ....................... " New Lotnlon stage about 10 a.m.. when a committee day.-in-which-much -more -wus .wasted r This 'keep*' us -..... Tlio-sa ii*...intelli|fie> ..|,wigh t-word. -furious .*aiile(|.i]pi..li.ni...iii(I..ctn ......... I11;its kim state'of feverish agitation........................... j ?t!6tyljiiaitfisljiIIliiSfciiitici''SlieiSiivi''iMiws ...... ;.... ;..... - mills-in Debwaro...Wc-hearthat IIo Imw I S, .1 .siiiiinol, Mewn A," Pel .-resurmri lier- iik u iiI ..tiii<-|.,........................................ pics oil "to Swerleir lintiieilii tdy, relative of the (iirt'rurl* in Sun I'Yaiieisro, Ii:s pledged .nBIHSii..nil...lice..NiicerC,..iltiiiiigl.. one.. is "liimiiilF to "trace"the liiiitier''sh'IKil;'''lilie''piiilicliiiiy'lie' " "" "he appeared nt rehearsal yester- put on guard iigninst this fraud. iiC up all her engagements. She is n ComiisioiB* mmh ih s ....The aggregate salaries of .* Infaiiisus !,oh Motite made tier first appearance ItSEPIIfi HOlffiB J.1I1 SOUTH (tout two-thirds full, h im! il wiw in tick applauded when It js m(,emleil by seismtifle writers that to sleep wed; hut, ns she is 11 poor dancer unit tij* no sound lit night, and lie freed from nil nervous disturbttiiPWK, Ayinna; mmiuidi piitce lmil<>s lhii*mrl ii? iIsf Iiti. lt-Iui*.t, (icjui'o.ht fmn Inliu,*t Cam 11ii, '' 'rest; on'heir Meg of liwnril..2|Ml, and the head to the North. The reason assigned for this anil g.onlly the. curtAin, fell 511,,I'Barth mfii;t:i >ut"lor: 'iiiiy"UtMiiMiiiiMjii"icnsntioii':............ nd South, the inaguetic current nf the Barth and Hie liulf"wi IlliiiSioiliie:' We hive' lieu rd' mm lay,; recently. pe-run-'a-needle.in-lier-foot--ppiiigreiie-tnMUB-l.-inul .who..luive...tried..it,...lhuL..Uie..docLruie..ia..aaiuid...and..tluif ,; Mil it imiy; he not,; ;.. there hrsouiethingin the theory, tin "mind: , ,,T %, 1, !.- %. 4 A > VJ1 "* * * iritfilW, ililimitu Maud gives the lowest in the list.. $400 per luiniiiii, aild Califoniiu the liighest, 91,(). The next in the list i* Loiiisiiino, ttni siiltiry of whose (iovenior i* 1(1,000. . Bh u .h u w w t u b o iiiv in iic ib s k . The Phil* T1.iIftt-rv' aJSn*rpfinnfUif'tWiitao -y\s\ipy `.Pt.rfrt..toItOrtiiip rut*f : fOlv Ml : : - - " Yours-trsdyi;- ""Semin.. I C*rrI<*iK*s I iCiirrlafle* 111 SPIRITUAL MANIFESTATION . (r We learn that the Spiritual ur l%e(|ngiul iiiiiiiifestii. lion lias been developed in Deli ware City, during the past. Week in the form of In hies and oiiuirs being willed to turn around with great rapidity, or to upset at the oiiiimati(l of the person iircuiuniiaiication. These iJeiii* 11,1 Ve ^(|| ,,>!#l * " fc.* 1 "f nisiiH|C .* Tim vounr 1 .toll "* imatrations have been i(nhi itmoni persons of:the high-i #st...taiidlitg..|ii,if...uti(lotiitt4M|..%'eniei.tj".,...oil...w.*#..l<k..fc(t..| further ^demonstration : mf" snrnr 'explanation "wllfi "sMIMf............ ...................... *Ml by tie ' M:"e*' ............,,.s,, ;T:PlliTlSCHWlil, mnur "of "fiiiirll' ,, Slrsett, has always cm imnil u large assoj "bridges, finished in,the heat manner. Pi ..........-...........-...AM*... .r..M.....R....t.t..l................ Vit...to ..their..interest to .*iw...h.in .tt...enll,..*s ;inl to sell, LOW-for cush or approved At Urm' Hamm's "I'euMifc;'AVmtnarjr'In All WUIh HUItl II 111.101 * , ,1^.,,,..,,,1*...frivavri'ici ' twwi......dfctfSK.................................... ... . *GiS repaired, painted anil varnishes.! in ti t one of 111 t*!r miinljcr wit I ait i m inense 1>i . rtf, nnl at' short notice. MAGES taken ton exehnnge for "new or hfHiiiW for CMH iRlIAGIS, second hand, in great variety her head, covered with draper}- to represent, # gigantic apparition, One nf the ymmg Indies, wlintii they under took to frighten try the sight of it, went raring .mad, and Philadelphia, Wilmington more Rail Road. lmmi tmmh` HiNitf piin-isciiMiai.. loonier of flour! Ii unci tircucfi struts, Ui, "--..^.r 1853, Il ACCOMMODATION T*AINS will leave Wtimiiwltni for Pliiiacielplria.j.stopping..: iik.niI.Jutennediate. slntloiM,. at... f||. I'pliajat wiiieS time an' ejection Tir Direejors hreiwiiiiig-year will he lueltlMlyorder................. ------- ..;.MA.i.L.m%.Ks..;.; : Leave Flutadelpihia' at 8: 1 tail., at 8 P. M,, and M1.J4 P.M. ...1 ,#*%`>ei"l,liiliHM|il'.iii (Snndnya isnij*) it" 1 IlMu'clk .1 >;,; ..I..I.J... .........II... ................. Without eimliuis, <lnii y lt>nl,~ will ins |lit^ttrI Wtlli Hies. I ioriillirs tin* outdoor <*yl|iril*-, nmI ......ilium lionsi-dics like tin.-, in> the worst nii,s;ni*c around ilt* hniiitin<>s. The chemical fly swatter . . Itttn become a major aid lo year-roiuul jfv conlitd Hy JOHN JJKWTJ Y I (itiKjm:iMiua fed tags with I lie word " rejected'' u mc ] been attached to I In; tun crstis ol milk., Stamped on the ul iter Hide of the logs was t in1 reason excessive sedi ment. The j>tif.' plant had refused to accept the dirty milk, aiid all <100 quarks were returned. The dairyman lost a haul. $17.(30, (luce in a while such incidents still happen, hut they me not so commi >n. Nowadays, it's easier for the dairyman tu produce dean, healthful rnilk. First of all, led era I and Biate disease-control programs help keep his herd healthy. Then, too, modern dairy buildings and equipment are important, and on many farms, milking machines have replaced the pail, stool and 10 pair of dirty hands that ofI on milked the cows. Sonic herds are even milked in "parlors" where the milk is untouched by humans. Perhaps even more responsible tor making our milk the cleanest and most wholesome in the world is the year-round sanitation program on dairy farms. Inspectors from processing plants see lo it tlml. dairy barns are whitewashed and milk houses painted. Keep ing dairy herds and equipment dean is emphasized. The inspectors insist also that dairymen cotilrel flies and fly-breeding places. Although (lies have long been branded as disease carriers, only recently has (fuse been a sale and effective control program available. TWO-l'KOMlKI) ATTACK Keeping Hies away from cows and out of dairy buildings really requires noi one, Iui( (wo different types of fly sprays, high ling horn Hit's which attack cows in (lie pasture, but usually don't ciirne into the harm calls for spraying the dairy hen}. The worst barn (lies (tie common household variety--are best con trolled by spraying the buildings. To kill these posts, this Company has developed Du Pont Dairy Barn Insecticide, a new chemical for mula! ion of meihoxychtor and lindane designed espe cially for use in and around buildings. Together willi Du Punt Dairy Cattle Spray, which was origin a led for application directly to the animals, I hey now give the dairy man a complete, double-barreled ily control program. mk t iio a y c h i.o k i{t':cH;M>ii-:Nfii;n Long-lasting lly control is a feature of both products, and under many conditions one applicafion remains effective for several weeks. .Mei.hnxyehlov is lilt; only rusidunl iusecl ieido h:> be recommended i*v the Hnilerl Btat.es Depart men! of Agrieull ure for application direeliy on dairy animals. The chemical is rarely stored up in the body fat of animals ur released in their milk. It's harmless to cows, anil to the people who drink their milk or eat (heir meat. Mothoxyehlor is serving dairy fanners in other ways. loo. Better insert control often means a herd will produce more milk on less food, since the row don't, waste energy fighting flies. And certainly working condll,ions in a bum are more pleasant without ihe pests. Aid lo dairymen, however, is really a by-product of the chemical. More important, it is one of the modern advances which combines to keep ns ade quately supplied with nature's most perfect, food. \ vrur-iiiiiiifl Btifii:l;itloti [iro'ji':uiu iraluiTiii* iib t til iiisretii'iilrs, ib r<`B jKinBihli- l?ir mir %vholpsnmr nii Ik. 17 ]\o kitlt ling., i 1'k . , . Front sea kt freezer itt less iftmt an tmm\ fish fillets proeessetl amt tmippetl in cellophane uhoartl ship set neiv simulants in fish fhtcor fly UJCitilC N, Me M A HO K 1 line was when the only way Us got really tresis Ifeh was to t:ak:h 000 yourself and cook if on (lie spot, [`'or fish Is one of 11le most perishable of all protein foods. Meal, arid poultry may actually improve in flavor when properly aped. Not so fish. I fere err/,vine action Is wholly undesirable, and bacteria work fast and ilevaslaimply. Smoked, salted, canned and other preserved fish have their followers, Bui flu; sweet flavor and firm texture of fresh-frozen fish make if an epicurean treat, one formerly reserved for fishermen and a few lucky dwellers in seaport towns. liefrigeroted shipping gave sea food a somewhat wider distribution inland. Then came quick-freezing and we began to more fully enjoy the great food resources of the oceans, in tins day of high meat, prices, if is a boon to America\s homemaker!-, to be able In plan I heir year-round menus to include 2b varieties of sail-waiter fish, ten of fresh-water fish, and six of CHJA. II-IICNI. IIHIIU tilit'l l rihl.l/UU.UUU [RHHIU^ Ol packaged fish are consumed in I lit* IT. S. Thr.Fs just a fraction of (In; amount Thai will lie enum once people generally Team how delicious fresh-frozen ihsh can Ik *. How fresh can you gel if? From ilie sea to 1 In freezer in less Ihsn an hour is the boast of a new "floating lish factory." 11us first of its kind in the country. The 1 bO-fool Irawler "Oceanltfe," formerly {.he "t'orinorant." outwardly looks like any other New Hnglmid fishing vessel. hut beneath her decks is a complete fish processing factory. Within I he TVfool - square area of stainless steel counters, chutes, and conveyors, especially designed for nunspilling opera tion, ] 50,01)0 pounds of haddock. cad ami red fish per trip are cleaned, liltelod. inspected, weighed, wrapped in Du Font cellophane, and quick-frozen almost, as fast as the crew can land them on deck lYom (he big trawling nets. Stored at- zero temporalure in Jho hold, the packaged fish is brought back fa port ami trans ferred to refrigerated trucks for delivery a> the self service eases of food stores. "There's more to this new development than improved quality of fish for f lie consumer, import ant as that is," says Isadora Brumfield, head of lire United Shipbuilding Company of Boston, which coil veiled and operates (he (loafing fish victory. "For 200 years heals have been fishing the New Fuiglamt enn.sf.ul waters. Fish used lo be plentiful only a lew hours out. Now a trawler may have to slay out. 10 to 12 days before catching a pay-fond, Ol'lnn the boats come back (o port, hall-empty, but now (bo `OmmliiV can stay out up u> a monm. uumgii we usually plan on three weeks at sea and one week in purl. Bvery lillet brough: hack is in perfect condition, ami can command a premium price, in this way I te New Fm.'JaoJ fishing industry is get itug a new lease mi life." A di fierent, lack is being tried by l he U. S. FL-di and Wildlife Service. Their experimentai ship. Fie trawler "Delaware," also operating out of Boston, is evaluating a method of quick-freezing hsh at sea in tlic round.. dial is. whole. One big advantage is Fliai lish by-products cam be saved for such uses as oils, vitamin concent rales and fertilizers. Although the heart (if upend ions aboard the "Ocean life" is ull.rn-1'ns] freezing, packaging is a s er> important aspect. The wrap of Du I `out cellophane has an essontial job in keeping that ocean-fresh flavor sealed in. This is I lie same job that cellophane does for many other frozen-!sli products, including those precooked ones you can buy a I (he store. Wlirarvcr i his him is list'd, ii nol only adds to eye-appeal ami cenveideme, but prefects against drying mil. oxidizing, and shrink ing. Moisturepronf j hi Font cellophane...used us a direct wrap, an overwrap, laininafet; to a canon, or olItemise - has been widely adopted by fish and oilier frozen-food processors. I'a idling your own lish to be sure ifsIYedi belongs to (he day of silk stockings and fin- iwo-ceiit news paper. No mailer. Now you ecu ribta.a fresh-lasting fish by easting your line into the seU`-serv ice case of your food si ore. 1 his report >!'] Hi I'onl/s activities for 1951 c o it io n to you in our 1501,Ir year of business. The Company wan founded by I<!lout)ions Irende ilu Foul, do NumiiurH in 1H02, only I d years after adoption nf I lie ConsliI,nl,ion rf tin: United State, ui 1789. During if:; history, flic Company has maintained a record of industrial progress which has co11l.riI511f.od notably 1,11 the strength and prosperity of fin- mdion. Appropriate anni versary ceremonies will he held on July IB. 11;hit itf, the sil.e of the first mill 011 Ole bank nf Brandywine Crook near Wilmington. /////, //'//// "Earnings per share of common stock for 1951 wore $-1.Ci-1, compared wi 1,1a $8.59 fur 19,50. Much of' the <let-reuse resulted from higher federal I.axe;:. Earnings from I )u Font sources before taxes. Si Lift a share, were higher than last year hut federal faxes wen* $5.28 per share more than in 1950, ami dividends on 1.1m: common stock dropped from $5.55 to SJ.55. Tlie year-end dividend for 1951 was t.he I HOl.h cunsecutiveif uarferly dividend paid on t.he common stock. Earnings from upernlioiw after faxes were 9.0 per cent of operating' investment for 1951 compared wifli l.'j.d per cent for (.lie year before. 20 91 Production ami sales were al an all-linn* high in Demand slackened in sorao .lines, lul lias was more Hum odsel by increased sales of newer products from expanded facilities. Saks Iasi, year lout led SI ,5111.000,01)1), $2;i:ui00,00l> ri ion* than fur I Oaf). fr-t/f r/fj The Company spent $105,000,01 10 Iasi year building now pint'll smut expanding or improvin'' existing ones, 'i'llis compares with ,f 11 t,000.000 spent in ififit). Mew manufacturing capacities were built, or wen* under construc tion, for nylon products, neopivnc. sodium cyanide, hydrogen peroxide, polythene plastic, "Orion" acrylic fiber, aceinh* yarn, tern tel In I lead, titanium metal, fungicides, cellulose sponges, and vat dyes. Our new plant al. Victoria, Texas lor making nylon tniermcdiat.es began ope ration early in 1951, ('onstruol ion of the first, plant to produce "Dacron" polyester fiber was started al Kinston, N. (V Production is scheduled to begin in 195:!. New plant. siten were bought. Iasi year al .Mari-inslnirg. VV. Vu, and Columbia, 'I '(Hin. Kquipinent is being installed af (loUnobin for the man ufacture of cellulose sponges. A new dynamite plan! under const ruction a I Marfinsburg will replace present, dynamil.e capacity of tlx* (Jibbstowii, N..J. plant, where facilities for making oi her chemicals are heingexpanded. Ii; > ilSitsMI i:1, t iiiv*i'/U;i!; Willi Of! ID!I NT IkVi ;..;............ ;.. i............ ;.. ;......... ; I ...;.. ;............ j.. ;.. ;... ; ; ; : : ; |||||Hm i ' I:i : r;:'.' :. li'i. icdtilt; 'bis', it!* : : : : SALES\ :: MMWBt : 11MB.................. ... 000 : : ' HU'..;..- y. C. . i'ivnr Hlifilll A new laboratory near Newark, Del. will be equipped lor long-range research for chemicals |.n prevent and cure animal diseases, and control poultry and livestock parasites. Studies of animal nutrition also will be made there. , vk.rtrt/j'r/t The new laboratories at. i.lie Kxperimental Stat ion near Wilmington were formally dedicated in Mas1 Idol. Some 290 eminent university ami industrial scientists a(tended the ceremonies and inspected ihe new facdit.it*:'. finished late in 1950 at. a cost of about, $50,000,000. About 45 per cent of flic Company's research itersi.mhel work here. All told. Du l'onf lahoralories house a research <ta.IT of more than .1,1100 technical employes. .Research expend hurt's in 195 I were $* 7,1100,000, excluding the cost, of new facilities. This compares with $"8,000,000 spent the year before, ('virrent.lv, ii crista an average >f $2 1.000 a year to support one technically trained man in research, and requires an in vestment of more than $00,000 in laboratory facilities. -21 I ailin' II . X .Htf : ; , C. //. - ill : i i'l.Ui H*. . ;^4--... 4v "' ' V.i.v:-|:.; ' I & : PE Wr As total research expenditures have increased, greater emphasises being 'placed" on "fundamental' and' long-range research as the soundest way to broaden and. strengthen the. Company's., business...... '............. ;.. '..........;...;.................. As in the past, however, the major portion of Du Pout's research Is' on ways to improve present products unci proc"03ses=-and '"to create new ones,.................................................. Atomic Energy Project--The new plant which the Atomic Energy Commission urged Du Pont to design, build, and operate is under constraction near Aiken, S.Ci At the outset this was recognized to be an immense project, at least equal to. the. Hanford, atomic. energy plant.. The. scale. of ..the work, lias since been expanded until now it is probably the largest industrial project ever attempted. AA ....... Bio work haa proceeded satisfactorily, although its size and. urgency--and the. feet .that it's In a new and highly Where -the- -c-u-sto-xner's dollar, .went, in 1951... specialized lech ideal field--make it extremely difficult. In many respects it is without precedent. _ Theproject has taken several hundred ofthe Company's most valuable employes from their regular work. The gov ernment reimburses the Company for these men's pay, but the loss of their services from Du Pout's regular operations is a very real contribution to the national defense by the Company. Do Pont will .receive a fee of $1 for its work'on this Savannah. River,project.............................. '..........A. Other Defense Activities--The Army Ordnance Corps has requested the Company to rehabilitate and operate part of the Indiana'Ordnance Works at Charlestown,Ind. to'produce" military smokeless powder. ` rniO'At '!,*>;iis o n oreAOOb ih u M: CLMVS A.A A:; A 1 Jcicnsc orders lur I Hi i'nut. products arc not. vet large m robd ion in total C'ompmiy production, but will probably increase as the rearmament program accelerates. A men:', products now being required in sizable (juaniiiies arm '`Teflon" Ird.ra(lii<m>et.hy le neresin to insulaie wire exposed l.o high temperatures. Nylon molding powder...Cor use as a tough jacket ing on Signal (turps field wins Nylon yarn and staple for such uses as paraeliafes, military apparel ami lire yarn for eombal planes. "Alai.lion" poly(lu-lte molding powder.. for appli cations sudl ns primary insulation on field win*. TrieUloriUhyiene-..for degreasing metals. II ordinarily lakes a long time in develop chemical predicts; they call for sped. lived equipment usually net idapiaide 1'nr older uses ifvett moiiilical tolls o! existing products ol'tett require newly ilesigtu'd iiislallal ions. Nor mallv, l.iien. ii.V. imposs'htv to o<invert chemical plains lo olhcr types of prudueiin;i. ('he mica I products developed lor civilian use. himvu-:'. often prove cssent ;al for defense in pruet lealiv i lie .same lonn 1 V-aerlilHe development of i liese thus erml nimies i u pre paredness. I hi I *oi it i ii aniuni nrtal. for example, is new deemed so essemial lay (he urned forces lien the entire output is going for defense purposes. Negotiations are in progress with lire government. al ils reip.esl. for tin Pent !.o expand its capacity still fun'ier. suppliers. Most of these firms are small businesses with less than 500 employes. .... atiling these on a mutually mant In lll&HJ UU I^ULrlUIiEl, encouraging new enterprise, ........................................................................... Du Pont directs its technical and productive resources to those pay for the basic materials. Home curtains, to cite an example, are. only one product made ..........................................................................................23............ OWM-fiS Or 1 Hr UhVU'A -ill .... y ;;f ul' "Orion" acrylic libor. After leaving 1 hi Pont, the "< Irion" for H set of cm'I aims usually paK.se-, through live other buHiiiuKKes to the customer. Pirat the* yarn goes to one of a dozen or so weavers, then In one of some 51) ron vor terra lor dyeing and limslimg, next to one of 150 curtain manufacturers,, a ml finally to one of thousands of retail outlets. Hadi business increases the value until the curtains are worth at, least five times the price of the "Orion" liber. 'Phis exam ple is representative of many I )u Pont, products atid illustrates the interdependence of American businesses, large and small. Rotations with employes continued to be good in 1115 I. Except, for a few hours' inlerruptinn at one plant, there were no work stoppages during tlie year. If mplnyos <m tile rolls, excluding those at government-owned plants, numbered 86,874 at the year's end. At the end of 11)51 (here were 158,16K owners of J>u Pont slock, an Increase of ! 2,66-1 during ilic year. Of the total, 117,967 or 85 per cent are individuate i-Hi,1)69 men, 60,555 women, 11,1141! joint accounts); the remainder, 20,7.01, or 15 per cent, arc groups such as estates, trusts, insurance, com panies, ditirdies ami schools. Lilernliy millions of people, have- an .interest in these groups, and thus an indirect inl.cn.Mt in (.lie con tinued mie<`.cssfi11 i|M!ral.5ou of l.lu Pont. The Company's stock is owned by residents nl every state in the Union, the 1 >ir.trief. of Columbia, several of the territorial possessions, and a number of foreign countries. Color goes shopping Shopping bags, packages and boxes an: blossoming out in al f.racl ive hues and smart designs. More ami more stores are dropping- drab wrappings these da vs in favor of eyecatching, distinctive color for all their packaging materials, ('olor is st iinulat mg, of course. Hut I here's also ;i sound moivhnntiifcmg ptiiifipit1 behind the trend. Store managers have found that a "personal" color is an effective, t hough silent, s)'nkesman for t he business, Customers learn quickly to associate a distinctive hue with a certain store, hike a Iraflic light, a colorful package flashes an unmistakable signal In shoppers. And itd the only form of advertising that's pari, of an accomplished sale. The general manager of one large department store says. `7\ disl ineth eiy colored package is a con tinuously active advertisement throughout the shop per's day in I he business district." Another store capitalizes on the color of its packages in every newspa per ad if runs. Explains the merchandising manager: :'We have been using this color for several years, and we know it identifies purchases made hero. We use is. as a slogan in our advertising 'Watch the green pack age go by'." Store managers believe, nio, that lhe colorful packages are helping to reduce delivery costs ami improve service. They point out fhaf women shoppers especially are more likely to carry home a small bundle if it's colorfully wrapped, leaving delivery trucks free to concentrate on larger items. ('olor lirsl made its appearance or. shopping bags and wrapping paper during holiday shopping seasons, (lay packages are a definite pari of the liiristmns trarlil ion. The reaction of shoppers was so favorable that a number of store managers divided to make color id enfideation a year-round program. While the favorite "store colors" are varying hues of green, blue, maroon and gray, Du Pout's Dyestuffs Division has developed lit orally hundreds of shades of paper colors. From sueh a broad select ion, every store can pick a color to suit iis own persona!tty and mane that personality known to (he community. ' " ALL.m THE ""FAMILY,' Two" new 'chemical relatives of "Dacron" polyester 'fiber'have-been -announced-by ..Du Bout ..The first ii a polyester base for photographic film, developed by the Photo Products Dept, and now being produced experimentally in a pilot plant (left) at Parlin, N. J. Tougher and with greater dimensional stability than present film bases, it's also less flammable. The second is "Mylar" polyester film, a Film Dept. product many times tougher than existing transparent "films.' Its -iilgh dielectric 'Strength fits it for use in electric insulation and indus trial applications. Another future use may be in heavy-duty packaging. Both products are still under development, however, and neither is avails Me commercially................................ * SKY COLORS. Du Pont "Tontine" washable window shade'doth is now available in five delicate "sky color" tones of blue, yellow, green and gray. A NEW COOLER for sewing machine needles makes it possible to stitch canvas awnings, tents and tarpaulins moth thread of "Orion" acrylic filer, thus reducing seam failures;'The needle, inadefiothy 'friction,"formerly melted the thread. Now it .is kept, cool by a felt pad saturated .with liquid coolant. The Union Special Machine Company and Singer Sewing Machine Company developed the device. * "STARRING NYLON STOCKINGS"la the title of a new 15-minute Bound alkie film produced in color by the Du Pont Textile Fibers Department. Primarily for retail sales training, the film tells how to select nylon hosiery for a smooth fit, desired weight and good construction. The 35 nun. film, may be borrowed free by writing to Room 4442, M-4, Nemours Building, Wilmington, Del. - v I 5 I w' 11 -*-'**-* V lb illuUy tjj Cd LLc JH ti V fiber is a feature of the 1952 model Studebaker convertible, "Orion" has what a convertible top needs--good flex life, resistance to damage by sunlight, soot and Industrial fumes. 26 * AUTOLOADING SHOTGUN. Remington Arms announces a new autoloading 28 gauge shotgun in its Model 11-48 series. Designed especially for sheet shooters and hunters of upland fame, the new gun lias a four-shot capacity, * TEAMWORK, Du Pont finishes research recently turned up an important new product lor furniture makers --1"Tufeote" sealer. It's used In conjunction with a special sandpaper also developed by Du Pont, and now available from regular sandpaper manufacturers. Together the two products make an ideal team. The new sealer gives furni ture a clear, scratch-resistant finish, and requires no change TM procedure. -""THE:FREEDOMS FOUNDATION tetwily named Dn Pout's Clanralvafle nf Anwnra fTnpa 8 n m F- S w; ` AM :k : w? \i sensitized white photographi 'emulsion that makes attract! or. coloring.'The .new. .emulsu skin areas of the portrait. Fo be toned or hand-tinted. i V m~ ! l m 1J: i;T ' : \ him now has a warm-tone : ininiatittes without toning gives a lifelike warnitli-to added beauty, 'Tvorn" can A MTV WEHDKIT I EIM lull wipes out all vegetal ion, leaving only hare soil, has horn developed by 1 Hi Pouf. Known as EMU, ihe chemical has been Icsicd widely for the past year. Potential commetrial uses include provenlion of growth on roadl *ln of mil reads, and around luiiTber yards and petroleum storage (auks. Tests are coni inning. Meanwhile, a limited aimnml of ('MU will he ova i I able fur industrial use lids year. SI l()\t kill, ,`salesmen of iln* Parker Pen l'iim|wiiv, Janesville. Wis. use this nieihod of showing prospective fiist noun's ibn construct ion oi'ati unseen v:ilvi> in I ho com pany's now `T'lnminaiiv" innnne ciguivl to tidiier, The purls art* inoimlod permanent ly in a oloai* block of "I aicilc" acrylic rosin. ill I TONS AMI A I 1.. ihvntise nylon plaslie bullous will si ami up uinfor high dyeing lempcnitures, nyli n nwealer mnnulael nrers ran now d\ r the sweaters, luntuns and all, in one upend ion. It's a tiutosavor. and I he iml Urns of nylon plastic retain their color through repealed washings. NEW PLAM" SITE IN TEA AS. Du Pont has bought a oUKaere s'ue tin l he Neelies River, four miles southeast of Beauiiunil, Tex. Tile Organic Ohemieals Department will build a (*1;lit( l here, bul luu l :o( ye l announced I he f ype (if o|)iml i.m or the dale when const nudion will begin. J'lHmieKICDIl'n. IHI : U & M Ik-.lmi.tl ......... 1>,n,U: I'auc J. lap Hi ? I L, Williiiiti'i from v:hnsti>h I*j Ic ft, lopi PiOirt c pV i'.i B- Map,, >'''** . Picpr 7\ I T'-Ap iic ; Ihip.r 1 indi-anr mm Imsy iksn Ami VH'.-tti W -cUl Aiiwuytr, ITijfi- LA' roiu Cl -rT> Gntlit Co.. I'm-.r Itt; imi ; H's. i *i - fist,iff Uttilfd IViditi: 17: tN-j.iTicny U-n'i'ul Muoip! Ci id , 1 *i I H 4iT 111 ism.'i c >.v I lun'.ificirt Mh . O : I'Mt'.c ,C : foaiir;. v l hnii -l Si h '<>.. An hua1; IF- *;i' J?, riy.hx- pauru-.y Parkt-v Pirn C..; Pa.rv .'fr .au: P-ttvr .!`s, hnUi'in . r- lUffr-siV Rcou l: *,, Hut icia-'a, 1 nc.; P-,| < i*m .-Miirtyk.v 7V ,nr . K a 1/ on do! :i .-.uu I r:-y IVpI.ai 0--ss-i v : < mu. Frtj'.r AA . o airl v I in rvn.: -SaD Co., liUA I i ;i i U4 + h - *.* ``if 1* fi i< J i i- ,ib*-l i *i"`f i *'>;; f I > ;* iu r <i{. -- v- m b wilts1 -`-(v'- i i * *t.u(it il i ' 1m * b- . In past issut's ireYe Ittltl alum! air/tings and iiulustrial filters rntitle of I hi Ponl's acrylic filter. Note irarh clothes o f "Oiioiv"' are setting neic endttrance recartIs Itemm nbcr, about a dozen years back, when silk and nylon stockings began to disappear niyslerioosly from (.he legs of Hfenogrn pliers in Washington, D.C.? The p]teiioinenoii was caused by an unusual concentration <jf .sulfuric,* acid fumes in (.he air. The acid attacked the Blender fibers and) soon alter the girls reached (he office, their Blockings were sludded with holes. Tlie Case of the Vanishing Hosiery, while it attracted national attention, was really no mystery at all. Not only silk and nylon, but all textile fitiers, both natural and synthetic., are weakened or destroyed by certain chemicals. Acids are a particular villain. While this doesn't concern most of us, it's a costly problem for workers in ehemieal plants, the pickling rooms of steel processing plants, and many similar places. Jt's not unusual for a man who works around acid to go through a pair of ordinary pants in a week or two. Today, however, (lie life ex|xx:taney of many types of heavy-duty clothes has been given a dramatic boost by "Orion" acrylic fiber. Among its other quali ties, "Orion" has unusually high resistance to acids. 28 Garments made of' the Du Pout fiber are surviving punishment t.hnf would ruin ordinary work dot.hcw. 'Take [leading Ball,cries, Inc., of Reading. T'a,, for example. wlierc: sulfuric acid is cneomitered af almost (`very stage of plant production. Men who mala* bn! lories at Reading work around acid tanks, and those who charge the finished batteries pick up acid eledrolyto on their dotlhng. On these jobs a pair of cotton work pants lasts from one* to two weeks, a shirt a little longer. Then, riddled with acid holes, fho gar ments are usually discarded, JKK,\m.N<; TKSTS "OK LOIN ' I r-isl, fall 100 Reading Ra tteries employes were out fil ted with work clothes of "Orion.'' Four months later, alter numerous washings, a seam had broken nuf here and there, a button had popped off...but not a single hole had appeared in the clothes. Although the uni forms of "Orion" had cost three times as much as cotton, they already had lasted eighl times as long. . Or take another case. In 1950.a mechanic at Du Pout's Old Hickory, Term, rayon plant was issued a suit of coveralls made of "Orion" for wear testing. Here's the.report that was.handed in a few .months ago: "Campbell has worn .this garment every work day, a total of 56 weeks, with the exception- of life vacation,' It lias been laundered every week, A small bole has been torn in left rear seat caused by nail. The seam in waist line at rear has been resewed, "Campbell states this suit is cooler and more com- Battery acid, shown here at leading, is tough on most fiber*. Gates Factory Store in Denver says switching to uniform* of "Orion" cut clothing hill ior ita'bulleryeerviccmen'by 8f," Y VAi-l-C ui 'V-'J m,*.*. V ^ lllil *1*1 V, > . iv - A kk **'* . clothing field. This..service station uniform lias .been luiui- dered eight limes in a home washer, has never been ironed. fortable than other garments he used to work in, and it is not difficult to launder. Indications are at present that this suit is good for another 6 to 12 months' wear. - "The maximum life of cotton work clothes under -these same conditions--coming in contact with grease, add crystals, acid coagulating bath and caustic vis cose--is three weeks." .. - Similar-reports have'come from-other users.'In fact, the reports have been so favorable that at, least five different manufacturers are. now ..marketing, work clothes of "Orion." NEW USES F1 MAST But "Orion" lias more than one string to its how. it. dries fast wtlliotri wrinkling, and also resists dear;-., dal ion by sunlight, A convert ible top of "Orion''. for example, shows no signs of wear after five years o ('out door exposure. These qualities fit the liber for other jobs in I he service clothing lieId. Boots at 1 root iw, durable, and easy - to-cure- for fabrics made entirely or partly of "Orion" will bo appearing in uniforms for police, railroad conductors. planl guards and others, 'These ltd ter applied ions will gain momentum when Du Font'* new staple plum al Camden. S.(\ goes into service a few months from now. The plant, will increase production of "Orion" almost live-fold. As output climbs. Du Pout's acrylic liber vid begin to show up in more and more consumer fabrics. It happens I hat "Orlim'' is quite ready for the expan sion. I laving passed the acid test. it's more t ban willing to take on others. 29 If you've ever done any pa in ling around your home, you've probably learned how a few j mi Til ing lips ean make the job easier -and results more satisfactory. One pointer is to use brushes of (lie right size for thejob. And people today are discovering that brushes made with Du i'nni nylon bristles paint smoother, last longer, and are easier to clean. Perhaps these pointers will help you do a more professional painting job, and show how to keep your brushes in lire best- condition. 53 ;i >W I alll glia,. khli: He fore refinishiug a floor first rrinmc a\ anil with I n r pent tuc so finish mat.- Hill adhere properly. For n on test mirk, remove doorknobs hrfor painting. V pan of ainnioni mil wilier Mill hi 1 p mit paint odors, A,:*- r TsoUjis. vat ot,* loose piaster, leave Inden tation, wt'l edges With warm water, apply fresh plus ter. T.i- pt oil..*; 1111^ i;ari*bir**ii strip when (minting near glues. Leave window njiir o it d!! oo: fir?. vV lilt tljl oi ilt'Osifc, WOi'k up to the molding iii corner. 'I'hen paint down ward in t f, i t nm. . iititore |jaiiilig iite mihug loosen base plates offixtures. Drape with doth. Don't over. load ;To L:,!-.!: nlih pah:!. For overnight cleaning pour thinner on brush and work out paint with 11 scraper. Suspend hrnsli in Ihinner. After removing excess pain I scrub bristle* with warm water mid cleaner. Rinse, shake dry, conib bristles. Suspend brushes in thinner overnight. They shouldn't tcmdi bottom of can. Work iint ihInner before re-nsing. To store your brushes for long periods, clean well anil wrap them securely in heavy paper, ns illustrated here. for the t\.nl> la, I'Vfiii ml (fllie sinnr is " Monsieur Josef" Loek u'ootf, costume threelor of the Tl puppet troupe I'itieago's Merchandise Mart is home Io <me of TV's moat popular shows. Bn it Tillst.rorn's Kokin, Fran and 01 tie. Willi nationwide NBC time on their hands. I he Knklapolil.ans have been amusing juvenile and adult TV viewers lor (bur years now. Recently, one of our reporters had a chat with -Joseph Lockwood, who has been eollaboraling with Tillstrom since war days, when they worked together on shows for Army and Navy hospitals in the Mid west. When (he Kuklapolitan players made their TV debut in Chicago, Lockwood stayed on to work wiih costumes, props and sound effects. J f you hapixmed to set' lhe K FO versions of "The Mikado" and `'Washington Crossing the Delaware," or I heir sagas of the West, you witnessed some of the more magnificent costumes of "Monsieur dosef"...so named by puppet (Jpholla Ooglepuss. wliu goes m him for lier hair styling. Bui less extravagant costuming goes on often .a i mi flier fur wistful, sentimental Kukla; a rakish hat for the offerveseenl dragon OH:e, or new n\ Ion wigs and chignons for Beulah Witch and Madame (logic puss. Whatever is needed inns! be whipped up quickly by Lockwood. For the hitman east tied crew seldom have an idea of what the day's show will include nnfil about an .hour before 'TV cameras roll. Reports Lockwood: "When Bin doing swift coif, lures fur the girls. 1 use nylon dolls' wigs and fashion them to fit the pup pel s' heads. Nylon has a line sheen on TV; it televises with a lot more luslcr and life than other materials." Costuming thi' Kuklapoliiatis is fan. according to Lockwood. In fad. he left his original field..inferior designing.. Io do it. Apparently hi' has tio regrets: and certainly the Kukln. Fran anti OlSie fans across (he uni ion arc pleased with wind I hey see. ii limidn <1 l`<(! fnTienlli lft<; cilyV bnmy slrcels. turn are bliisliny: and dim cling I heir way through... ;r t ; tirinr;! f.- h lirrci-. :t ? t: i: c t* i.'s * liy W. .L. DKVHR Millions of yours ago, according to o ik ; widely held theory, what is now the lower peninsula of Michigan was a deep, arid hi min, a sort of prehistoric dust bowl. Time after time, geologists fell ns, the hi min was tilled by inflows of ocean wafer that evaporated and left salt behind. Gradually the deposits nccuinulafed. Today flu; hard-packed residue of fids ancient sea lies like a gigantic saucer beneath modern Miehipym. In sonll i western Detroit, ill. the on go of the buried saucer, the International Salt Co.. Inc, operates one of the largest, rock sail mines in the central United States. The mine. I. It 57 foot beneath the city pavements, covers about .`.100 underground acres. Its corridors stretch out for more titan 20 miles through a 2{>-f'ool-thick layer of solid sail.. The man who firsi said "Back lo the salt ininos"' lo describe an unpleasant job had never visited Delrnil's salt, cellar. Here lire temperature ranges between 58 and (it) degrees the year round. Eighty thousand cubic feet of air a iniinde are pumped in from the surface for ventilation. Tire surroundings are dean, dry and dust - free. t \m:ut.imi n i> c it y Rock salt is mined in much (hi; same manner as coal. Houma 50 to (id feet wide and 22 feel, high are mined out., while blocks of salt, about the same size are left for roof support. The resulting checkerboard pat tern is like I he plan of a city. 1 lie roof supports resem bling city blocks ami the mined area the streets. The first step; in the mining is undercut.!.ing. An electrically driven portable saw cuts a ten-fout-doop slot, >tl: floor lewd all along the working face. 'Then four rotary electric drills, mounted on a movable carriage, bite holes into the face across the width of the room from roof to floor. The boles are loaded with dynamite Internalional's salt mine offers a good example of the hidden, yet viial role thol both explosives and chemicals play in tin* modern world. Hidden, because few Del roil era are much aware of lire city's sal! cellar and its around-the-eiock activity. And few of (heiti realize that the millions of motor cars they make yearly are powered by gasoline whose antiknock qual ily comes from tetraethyl lead, which comes by chemi cal reactions trim! still -which conics from Detroit. I ml(*rriill!!i In dcjilli of 1 (I fee! b fir-1 *4-j> in mini si a oprr ing, electric trolley trucks haul the Hasted salt to an . underground crusher. International uses Du Font ``Extra" dynamite in its Detroit mine. Charges are fired with Du Font, delay electric Idas! ing caps and a Du Pont blasting switch. 'Flic `'delay'' in the caps permits the rotation tiring referred to above, and mine officials say they get excel lent fragmentation, which simplifies the loading job. ratiDifcyt. it wv n ynufiAi, Whnf become,s of (.he hundreds of Ions of rock sail that pour out of this underground city every hour? Most, I able salt, comes from the evaporation of brine drawn from salt, wadis. Bock sail. on (.lie other hand, is largely an industrial product. Detroiters are familiar with one use- sortie of it is sprinkled on their icy st reefs in (.he wintertime. But most, of the mine's output, is shipped by rail or by boat, from Interna tional's dock 011 the Rouge 'River, One good customer fur this basic, raw material is the chemical industry, which consumes about 10.000,000 tons a year all told. l)u Pont, for example, derives more than a score of chemical products, directly or indirectly. from the electrolysis of salt--products ranging from tetraethyl lead to its chemical rubber, neoprene. Rock salt is also used by textile mills, food packers, and leather and dye maimfar Lurera. ;w Eti-ririe rlril'ls mmi-li from floor tn rant, IIo Im nn> Vvllll ..i , li.iiill;;-- Li i i .; ! i.; | i-- : ^ i . > .. . . ; : i. . i . <* r 11 .! C.--:: w t:i ;j1 i !' iii) oi -Mh ! -trirK, pMiiuil iiv 4'j iiivu* i`<*iin`ii!cd in four i>fnh k , llrdinarily we associate Du Font's chemical rubber with products like garden hose, household gloves or kink-resist;tnl. telephone extension cords. What's not so well known is that neoprene also makes tilings slick. In fact, some of our most useful adhesives are made with neoprene latex or neoprene dissolved in a liquid to form a. cement............................................................... The biggest single customer for these adhesives is the shoe industry. Because they quickly form strong bonds, neoprene cements "have made possible a"sharp reduction in shoe manufacturing time. Adhesives for merly used on outer soles required ,10 minutes under pressure to set; neoprene cements need only 8 to 10 seen i ids. Unlike most other types, neoprene adhesives also adhere to synthetic soles, forming a strong bond that lasts the life of the shoe. The importance of this can be gauged by the fact that half of Lite shoes now pro duced have .synthetic soles. Turning from shoes to boots, rubber de-icing hoofs for airplanes can he attached firmly to wings and propellers by a simple cementing job in planter hangar. Since; the same adhisfives resist salt water attack, they also are used in fabricating life jackets and pontoons. On land, at sea or in the air neoprene makes it slick. Hlwrs bunded with neoprene adhesive make resilient upholstery or packaging material. Neoprene eemenl adheres to variety of malerials. Here if used to seal a wooden tank. 34 Seams In skin of this Navy 111 Imp also nre bonded' b? tin* adhesive. THE BIG DRINK Ert> IV 21 hours. \<`ic 1 ark i'.ilv tint cits am- a billion gallons of tenter--a husky smilloiv l It a I ottos mnoli la iho .Wir C. mltin atftiotlncl, hnilt trilb tlvnamUo nl the tlairn of I hr (lav A'liirf iVs llemember the "si mveless Tltmsdavs?" They were a much-publicized part of New York (,'ilvY 1949 water crisis, during which city males lettheir live o'clock shadow stretch through 1 lie day as a cmvlnhuliovi to llu* common welfare, In these days, you con id probably see more "8:tve Water" signs in 1 aw live boroughs (halt Stalin port mils in Moscow, amt you were a saboteur if von ran I hai extra inch of water into the bm hiub. New Yorkers may have been disgruntled, bat they weren't much surprised. The lb-11) crisis relive-'itig She wnrlime disruption in building reservoirs and aqueducts- was just one more water shortage in a city l.nuhiiotmlly beset by them. Like a little boy outgrow ing his pants every year, (lie city Iras been out growing its water-supply projects for more than 150 years. In the early days, wells supplied Manhattan, and hollow-log pipelines were gradually installed to serve part of t,he city. In 1H30 a fire-protection tank began doubling as a major source of well waiter, which was sent through cast-iron pipes. But the well water dually went bad. and there wasn't enough anyway. To moot household needs, people used cisterns to store rain water, and some even bought spring water out of big casks at two cents a pail. Spurred by the (ire of 1 885, Manhattan began building its first general water-supply system. It was the Old Croton aqueduct and reservoir, bringing water into the city from the Croton River and watershed. When it opened, people went on a classic water binge. They treated Old Croton as though its reservoir were the Atlantic. Ignoring protests from the water board, servants and children sprinkled the streets with hoses. Wider ran through faucets all night in cold weather to keep it from freezing. The consumption on Saturdays -Saturday night baths, we assume -- often drained the distributing reservoir to half-full. This watery "lost week end" finally ended, (hough. New Yorkers were forced to come to (heir souses as their water supply was threatened again...by a grow ing population, an expanding fire department, city limits that were pushing out. and factories that were crowding in. By 1883 Manhattan was a city of 1,500.000 people living on a water supply intended for a fourth that many- and the drought years of the recent past had brought the point home hard, I n that year, a commission was formed to do some thing about the water famines, and their plan boiled down to getting more water from the Croton area. A Hound idea, since an average of some 276.000,000 gal lons a day was being lost over the dam of the inade quate Old Croton system. The new Croton system, designed to drain the watershed more fully, was started in 1885. The aque- duel, part of this work was ihe first project in America for which gelatin dynamite was used in quani ify. Anri it. was one of the rockiest jobs for which explosives manufacturers...including: a Du Pout affiliate ever had the pleasure of supplying dynamite. Unlike most iunnelers, New Croton's builders were overjoyed hi find they had to burrow through almost hi) miles of rock, explained the engineer-in ch a rgo: "It is an advantage that this conduil plan is almost wholly m rock tunnel: for flint secures the greatest possible strength and stability of structure, wild Itie least, cost for supervision ;unl maintenance." The engineer certainly mean! what he said about liking rock, for at one swampy spot lie deliberately changed the aqueduct's course, dynamiting if deep If) IUv linn' i't>ii>lnn {<oii norL mi \i*u i irolon v* i\T liiii;.lii'il, uluiul TMJMNlJNNI Urns nl ruck liml Imm`H iKimmiird mil* ioiiL H|i h In if ||ip juft iiqiu'ihui let! rift lor %> i11<*r il Ulri liuliuti insiii** into (l ie bedrock beneath. As I he excavation work went along, h o much rock was blasted out dial the city hail to buy laud to dump il on. In three years. New Croton workers were able to lay their dynamite aside; it had done its job of clearing away about 2,000,000 Ions of si one. In another two years, they had their aqueduct bn ill. anil ready to release its flood. When ihe water came, the city's dislribnl mg capacity spurted from 90.000,000 to 87b,000.000 gab Ions a day. as Ihe first of Ibis country's really large aqueducts went to work. Citizens didn't celebrate so wildly (his time, but they were just as pleased. Said the Nar York Tribune on duly Iff, 1890: "There will lie no eelehralkm in connection with what is really an event in (lie history of tire cily. No speoehmakiug or fireworks could add t<> the significance of the simple fact, I hat New York is In have henceforlh enough Wider ami to spare." Not quite. In the years thai followed, the cily had lo add its Catskill system and is now compi Ding (he first reservoir of its new Delaware system. But. for New Yorkers of Ihe (lay Nineties, the Trih was as right ns min. r*r*7 Oi t!d iiI-tii-Iitim! h ilh ifir n tilri;irtn inn pi-ojihPl %wni u;ilr!'-iii*|i<>iiinliii mu's -- Iiuihlmi* mx\* Miiintf tnifi'H of iron., copper or other metals^ in the trnmg place, girt* imlitsh \ goto! reonott lo hole IInilh liriikco- ronlaiii hcalcil cau^lic soiiitiim aii<l iron riniij<nm<l but Irithand nc h 1m> I'onlaius si'qiu-'.ierhiji iigiotl. Ndl<* 'Yusl jncss" of uiiliv.'tliil Militlion. Ifigltt: purl of I'lcm' li<uk<iA oontrHl.- as into ru.-ly our: i l tl 11 * healing and it. tmi, is walrr-M liilr. Sr .you've been bearing anything about metals lately, Lite chances are it's "Where can l gel seme more?" TitaL's Lo be ex peeled in a shortage-pinched defense economy. I it it tl lore's another damor, behind I lie scenes In ,almost every industry, that sounds like heresy in I lie light of 1,1 ie first one. It's "We've got, to get rid of this metal." Usually the public doesn't hear much about it, but a metal in the wrong place is one of industry's worst bugaboos. Bad-actor metals can cause anything from olf shade dyes, rancid .soaps, and cloudy liquid shampoos to inferior rubber and petroleum products, stained textile yarns, and poisoning of humans. Everyone's familiar, of course, with one form of metal contamination bathtub ring. This nuisance is parallel, chemically speaking, to many of industry's troubles. As you may know, the offender in your full is hard water, containing metals like calcium and .mag nesium. Thwe substances aren't present in the metallic form, bin; rallier as parts of metnl-conl.nining com pounds such o k calcium sulfale, Wlton you hi her up, 11 lost* (rouble-maker metafs go to work on Itie soap (which con tains sodium), push (he sodium out, and take its place. But a calcium soon, lor instance, won't dissolve and h o is deposited as a .rummy ring. Meanwhile you lose perfectly good soap. Much the same i hing happens in agriculture when one popular weed biller is sprayed. 'Hie hard wafer often used to dilute this chemical combines with ii. knocking out a calcium compound. The result; was! ed weed killer and clogged spray nozzles. There are two general ways lo deal wilh hoi her-. some metals. One is to gel rid of them lv precipitation; flat I. is. dropping I Item out of sol id ton at a lime when they won't, hurl anything. The ether is by '`snquesioring" them, ll,\P ACT! IKS IIJUITIV V!TI! Comparing a chemical reaction Ion ('outbid] game, you'd say that a precipitating agent benched a laid player. A sequestering agent keeps him on the field, but tells him he can't block, tackle, pass or kick. All he can do is wander around aimlessly. So for all practical purposes, he's out of the game. Thatfs the idea behind all sequestering agents, including the "Versene" and ` Sequent.rene" organa: eomplcxing agents made by Bursworth Chemical Co.. I lie., of I-Ymniiigliam. Mass, and Afrose Chemical Co. of 1 Vovidenco, 11. 1., respectively. These two groups of compounds hook themselves onto unwanted melals and fie their hands chemically, insulating them from their surrounding's. Bofh of them ait: made wit h I he help of our I fleet mchemieak Depths farina Idohyde---a major ingredient of plasties- and sodium eyankle...a chemical especially familiar in hoat-freal ing of metals, eledroi.ilal.tng, ami organic synthesis. The most dramatic nows being made by Heqnestaring agents these days comes from !he medical and nutritional lieklH. They're being tried experimentally, for example, as presorvaf ivos fur blood. A "Versene" made medical news last dune when a I liree-year-old was brought to a Washington, D.C. hospital. The child had chewed the paint off window sills and was suffer ing the convulsions that go with severe lead poisoning'. On the basis of previous studies, doelors tried a new technique using a sequestering agent along wil h their other treatments. They hoped if would hook onto the lead particles in the boy's body and thus cut down their loxicily. The child recovered, am! here's part of (he medi cal report: '`We believe the patient began to improve markedly on the administration of calcium diaodium `Versenate'T The evidence isn't complete yet and requires further work; to substantiate it., but it's a ray of hope at least. In the field of nutrition, a sequestering agent holds the key to r, technique for mass-producing algae ... .familiar pond scum. All hough algae don't, sound appetizing, they're exl retmely rich in poienlial nuli'i- j (it J----- ^ In -nine dyeing operation^ a Iran- of int lid eait eau-e <dlsltades. Se|W`;4eriiig agents help give you liraiiiifill color.'., Con. Scientists dtnvi think (hat farm animals would mind the lasle; and neither wmikl people in a famine or o! tier emergency, 11 ere, I he sequestering iigetif ties r.p (lie minerals in (he algae-growing medium, releas ing llteiii in the right amounl when they'ie needed. Shaking as such new jobs lor sequestering eluaid ea is are, (.heir a 1 ready -est a I > I i s.l led indusi rial uses are motr important: right nmv, In eertairi dyeing opera tions, for example, traces of melals can cause shade changes ami other trouble:;. Thatfs true of Air Ft wee blue, -lust a few par!s-per-iiiiIlian of bon- perhaps caused by a rusty nail can give you a sad Air Force purple. The problem ean he solved by captutirig the offending niulal wilh sequestering agents. Jn the textile Indus! rv. "Sequesirone" and "Versene'' appear again in scouring opera!ions. They gel rid of I lie gummy compounds the! a. re pti ked up by fibers when inelnl ions presen I hi almost, all lint reap'd process wafer--read uadi soaps. During bleaching, sequeslering agents can keep metal from speeding (he decompusUuni of peroxide solutions. To give you sparkling-clear liquid soaps, the deiergm! industry aim maker, use of sequestering agents. The rubber industry puls them in work in the polymerizat ion of symbol ic nibber and in preserving natural latex. And in i.heoil iudusti v, they keep Copper from damaging peirnbnmi proditcfs. All c>f whirh proves dial, while you ean'f get al. flu* metals you want lhere (lays, i; 's pro! t.y easy to get. rid of those y o u don't wait. The commercial method of manufacturing TEL was developed by Du Font, Since 1923 the Company has made approximately two billion pounds, or enough to treat. 250 billion gallons of gasoline. Improved man ufacturing processes and the use of TEL have improved gasoline, making more efficient engines possible. ; The average barrel of crude oil contains only about ten gallons of gasoline. But modem refining methods ...cracking, reforming, etc. stretch the yield to 21 gallons. Gasolines change with the seasons. The blend of fuel sold in the winter is different from that sold in summer. Winter-grade gasoline, Cor example, must vaporize more readily for easy starting. Gasolines also vary with geography. In high altitudes lower octane fuels are satisfactory for knock-free operation. livery flay the 50,000.0(10 motor vehicles in Amer ica burn about 125,000,000 gallons of gasoline. That's enough to |impel On; average car at 45 miles an hour, night and day, Cot* 4,7:10 years. 'Hie biggest single booster ol'anl iknock quality in gasoline is tetraethyl lead. About one-half teaspoonful of TEL can raise a gallon of gas from 10 to 20 octane numbers. Most of today's gasoline, ho tit regular and premium, conia ins TEL, Not all ears need premium fuel. If your car runs without knock on regular grade, the added octane num bers of premium will do you little good. On the other hand, if your motor pings or knocks with regular, premium will give you bel ter performance and longer engine life. 40 TURNING IDEA-CHEMICALS INTO DOLLARS -j*r How a milder, safer detergent for dairy equipment was developed .. with ACID Use an acid to clean gently? That's what many dairies are doing now. Here's an example of an unusual use of a chemical that might find appli cation in your business. A serious problem of the dairy in dustry is milkstone, a stubborn resi due left by milk on metal dairy equip ment. Formerly, alkaline detergents were used almost exclusively in the cleaning of this equipment. But they were not effective in the removal of milkstone. So a detergent manufacturer went to work to produce a more effective cleanser with acid. The problem was to find an acid for the detergent that was not too strong, yet strong enough --and low in cost. The answer proved to be Hydroxyacetic Acid. Properly formulated detergents based on Hy droxyacetic Acid clean thoroughly and effectively, retard bacterial growth on the surfaces of the cans. And they leave no white film, odor, or carry-over of any kind. Hydroxyacetic Acid has different applications in other industries, too --for example, wool dyeing, organic syntheses and metal-finishing treat ments. And you may find a place for it in your future operations. Or you may find profitable ideas for the fu ture among the more than 100 other chemicals and plastics made by the Polychemicals Department. Although demand for most of these now exceeds supply, we will gladly discuss the availability of experimen tal quantities for development work. Meanwhile, write on your business letterhead--tell us your industry-- and we will send you information on those of our products that have pos sibilities for you. E. I. du Pont do Nemours & Co. (Inc.) Polycheniicals Department 120D DuPont Building, Wilmington 98, Del. C. U. S pa!. OM. BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING ...THROUGH CHEMISTRY Polychemicals DEPARTMENT CHEMICALS PLASTICS Successful gardening is easier... with DU PONT GARDEN CHEMICALS g ar den pr o duc t s NEW PRODUCTS FOR 1952 DU PONT PC CRABGRASS KILLER . . . Killscrabgrass and duckweed in any stage of' growth up to frost. DU PONT DORMANT SPRAY OIL ... Prefoliage spray to control scale on ornamentals, fruit and shade trees. Picture Courtesy Armour Fertilizer Works DU PONT FRUIT TREE SPRAY takes the mystery out of grow ing good fruit. Can be used all season to control hugs and blights. DU PONT FLORAL DUST.. . Controls insects and diseases with one simple chemical application on roses and other flowers. DU PONT VEGETABLE GARDEN DUST... A combination of insecticides and fungicides. One product . . . safe on ALL vegetables, including cucumbers. May be used right up to harvest. DU PONT "AMMATE"*. . . The recognized chemical for eradica tion of poison ivy. Good for stumps, woody weeds and brush, too. DU PONT LAWN WEED KILLER . . . Contains 2,4-D. Makes it easy to have weed-free lawns. FOR SPECIFIC USES . . . Du Pont offers 50% Methoxychlor and 50C DDT Wettable Powder insecticides, Fungicide-A ("Parzate"* fungicide), "Formate"* fungicide, Hose Dust fun gicide, and Du Pont Tomato Dust insecticide and fungicide. These products are sold In leading garden supply stores and departments. For information write: Du Pont, Garden Products, Grasselli Chemicals Department, Wilmington 98, Delaware, Du Pont Garden Chemicals *AMIYIATE, FERMATE and PARZATE are registered trade-marks Ms u.* on BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER L IVI N G . . . T H R O U G H CHEMISTRY