Document Eqja5a8GNKQ1OvkZ41LDqe2Q4
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Environmental Laboratory
3m |
| | | Environmental Fate and |
| Effects of Fluorochemicals !
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|
i
Dr. RobertD. Howell
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Senior Environmental Engineer
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Environmental Science & Assessment Group
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-
[--J _-- -- ----
am |
f Environmental Issues of Fluorochemicals
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+ Whatare "fluorochemicalsTM?1?!
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+ How are they made and used?
| + Whatare the environmental issues?
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+ What has been done to address the issues?
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+ What are we doing now to address the issues?
!
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+ Where are we going from here?
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1
SMaduebAvIaojilPareboltececbiytv3eMOrfdorerInIsnpePcatimonearvn.d3CM,opyNoi.ng2a.s0C4o6nf3i0de8ntial Information:
2695.0001
[ai Exhibit 2695
3MA10051826
Environments Laboratory
am
| Simons Electrochemical Fluorination (ECF) Process |
|
4 Bt
|
3
Ess
SE I
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[
||
3%,
con sat cto
||
----= Pernn|
[ Envronment Laboratory
ER
| Simons Electrochemical Fluorination (ECF) Process |
|
o mtr
+
ues metsezvs
7 cof
gn
3
S
i |
"ome
Petpet
|
Cac"o + tse vise AETV co o Lg
| ocanane
Futuorcarars
SMuabdjeecAtvfaoilParbolteebcyiv3eWOrfdoerInIsnpePcatiimoenravn. d31C.opNyoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information
2695.0002
2
awAt00s1827
--mmm--
EnvironmentalLaboratory
3M |
|
Electrochemical Fluorination Cell Products
|| DausocProse: PasconrrccrtarmFaunrstcecnescPsrOcSor.nFsXo8!)r
||
+CerSragh Chan Pahoa Proofauss Cr Langs
| + Boch han Poros wm PcsofVas Chin Logts
crercrencrircrsor cnbroncrdronsos |
+ erSragntCrain, Branched, and Cyc Patras Campeunts
|
[ | oE n on E on cE me am "0 |
-
|[TM EoommeLontots
am |
Fluorochemical Products & intermediates
|
fom
= cvsolon-f Cusolcncom (-- crusoieamon
Loe) -- cf soocsa uF 1S0NC HOPLOH); |
|i
| EE
JE ------
|
-- curusoemaion. x
| RlA Giuaot,nAassnod ir5,cMPLrdSufFi stovomndoresofprompse(oceawens |
MSuabdjeecAtvtaoilParbolteebcyiv3eMOrfdoerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3CMo,pyNoi.ngC2a-s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information
2695.0003
IMA10051828
J | [----
Mm |
| Example: Surfactant used in AFFF Products. |
| + Three MajorComponents
cro anh
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|
6 CH bn
CHEN'NCHC00
|
| Be "L4so"
"Dladduct
|
|
cr8ncmdoihcancon Go,
| + pertuoro Motety Primary ix Carbon Lang
|
_--_------
Environs sborsory am | | Electrochemical Fluorination Cell Products - Issues |
L { a * MixtturessotfigUhntaknnaonwn Composition
i
|Z~ n2% ibrganccofohsetamdeacnhantlegngthh
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|< 2 branchad onan dirt chain enive
||+ Lototoy-eLtomtnVariability in Composition
|
|
~bylocation (Antwerp = Cordova =Cottage Grove + Decatur) |
| * W=haPtroDduoctYso3us rTesater?esoyld? ~ Specific compounds xtracted om the misture?
i
~ Do youtestthe impurities? Which ones?
|
MSaduebAvtoajiPraeobtleecctbiytve3WOrodrerInIsnpePcatiiomneavrn-c3CM,opyNoi.ng2a.s0C4o.n6f3i0d9ental Information
2695.0004
4
WAT00S1820
| EEmommies | EnvironmentLaborstoy
wm
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+
Nomenclature commer cromiea
An
Enormous
Issue
= Cos rAes
+ w-osGroup Numba 60863, ID 382115617
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+ To~xi"cAolmopgyhoSlaevcasFuroDaevytaTrandeSicradt
PANraPtUsN Sbstanc
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++ PrChoedmuiccatlDeAvbsstorpamcatnsSturLvabie RegistryNumba
+Env~i"rAocnmreynltsFoLuamboarratoorrTyhe Foumar"or "New Fcamar"o"04 oamar
~~UMsaey"uLsuEmnbveirro"nments Laboratory"LabRast Numbar"
!
[ `EnvronmentalLaboratory
ET |
Environmental Issues of Fluorochemicals
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* Halogenated
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+ Persistent
|
1
+ Widely Dispersed in the Environment
i
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+ PotteoBniotacciumaulalte
+ BiologicallyActive
-
5
SMaduebAvtaojiPlraeobtleecctbiytv3e1OrfdorerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3MC,opNyoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information
2695.0005
3MA10051830
| Environments Laboratory
am |
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Atmospheric Issues
| ExtensiveProgramto Evaluate Atmospheric Fate and Effects
|
of 3M Fluoracheicals as CFC and Halon Replacements
- Rspecta
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~~ UHyVdCrrooxsysRSaedcitciaolnsReactivity
!
~ Singlet Oxygen Reactivity
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+ Data A~naRlaydsiiastive Efcts
||
~ Global Warming Potential
|
Environmental Laboratory
am
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Atmospheric Issues
or | CFC and Halon Replacement Candidates
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con
En
!
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cine
EX
con
root
|
v a edNophen
MSuabdjeecAtvtaoilParbolteecbtyiv3e1OrfdorerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3CM,opyNoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information 2695.0006
6 3MA10051831
Environmental Laborstry
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Atmospheric Issues
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CFC and Halon Replacement Candidates
am |
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4)
|
| cricrcr'crocH, erg&rer|ocH, |
| vnran |
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'
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core ue
ercoom + HE + cc,
|
ee _ _ --
| Fr Enon aborsary
am |
| `Atmospfhersic Issues of Perfluorinated Compounds
creas
||
1cr4eTaCnEeR00s1
||
mosphPeurteuLtimoechm=cSt0s0 yes
!
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[rLLAeTCE-- Sayers
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n0C,=O1CH, <0
1|
CCfhaeuitrin
!|
1pa4sT78 110
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7
SMuabdjeecAtvtaoilParbolteecbtyiv3e1OrfdorerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3CMo,pNyoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information 2695.0007
3MA10051832
-- Environments!L-- aborstry -- am |
|
Aerobic Biodegradation Results
|
|
con Hood
ce
Sairpreose aso |
; | EY2 omcmocrn BoB umd
| |
caffoMcncod nBsRdEnE
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Envronmen!Lsborsory
am ]
| Aerobic Biodegradation of Fluorochemicals
[ER
1
oem of | |
| fen dimen] |
oT5ponicooen iFdoon |
| opnatos
werpdt wicueens]
y deena el
enon
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- S--
| er ||
_
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MSuabdjeecAtvtaoilParbolteecbtyiv3e1OrfdorerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3CMo,pyNoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information 2695.0008
3MA10051833
Environment! Laboratory
am |
| Research at Michigan State University i
Or. Craig Criddle
|
Blake Key
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| | | NSF Center for Microbial Ecology and
|
| Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
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Er
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Research at Michigan State University
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Multichamber Microcosms
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+ Fermenting
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+ Acetogenic
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+ Methanogenic
Sulfidogenic
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* Denitrifying
+ Aerobic
|
MSuabdjeecAtvtaoilParbolteebcyiv3eMOrfdoerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3MC,opNyoi.ngC2a-s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information 2695.0000
9 3MAT0051834
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a
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|| CIEE .
| am || | |
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i|
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me eee eee remy
EnvironmentalLaboratory
3m 1
Research at Michigan State University |
| `Sulfonates
CFICHiSO, CF;CFiCFICFICCFFIICHC;FCHI;CS0F
|
furs
SUMONMGY
cmon, CFLCFICRCRLCRCF.CRICFSTN,amer
MSuabdjeectAv0aiaPrbolteebcyive OfroderInIsnpPeaciiomnevarn.d3C.opyNiong2a.0C4o-n6f3i0d5ental Information
2695.0010
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| 10
MAT0S1635
Environmental Laboratory
am
|
Recent Results
| seston
|
HFG ina CHC =F + coy + mo !
| Cciroanscohr oa;wa hirh esi ||
| evs
odeesd cocannion doantrt
||
ALinUManSoPrGkCaStt Anawoic Systems
|
| eneor == omens -- ano, = oncor = on
|
[Environment taboraory
mM |
| Light WaterTM AFFF Usage Wastes
| | Z+ ConFitrienFuigihntgingITsrsauieniwngitSihteCsustomers
|| ~-FAicrceiPdreontteacltDiiosncEhqarugiepmbeynAtuTteosmtaitnigc Equipment
|
|" ~ Simple Operation and Maintonance Required
|
|| + ProtienstihaliEnvironmental Harm
|
| -- DBiisrdruEpxtipoonsuorfeWastewaterTreatment Plants
|
+CoProtpeonrtaitalioNnegative Publicity for the
{
MSuabdjeecAtvfaoilParbolteebciyv3eMOrfdorerInIsnpePcatiiomneavrn.d3C.opyNoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information 2695.01
"
WAT0051836
Enron Laboratory
wm |
| Major Components of 3M AFFF Products
|
| mJ eme ge? | |
|
)
9 cticrcof
|
| sce coonmn#on ||
2%OctylSulfate
Ca0sc]
OOO
[ Endor-- mentilg-- bortey____ SaMm |
|
AFFF Waste Treatment
|
| Cationic Plyolectrolytes
| mor aLoennooLononooLuonn
|
|
oP
oP
oP
|
| onesmoomems emroman
!
MSuabdjeecAtvtaoilParbolteecbtyiv3e1OrfdorerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3CMo,pyNoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information 2695.0012
12 3MA10051837
| Environmental Laboratory
AFFF Waste Treatment
am |
1. Addition of Cationic Polyelectrolyte
| 2. Flocculation
|
3. SepaPrraetciiopnitation
|
|
Centrifugation
|
RSeavnedrsFieltOrsamtoiosnis/Uitrafitration
||
| 4.Discharge of Treated Water
| 5.Disposal of PolymeriSurfactant Precipitates
|
Incineration
|
Landfill
|
Environmental Laboratory
i (ON
|
Hy:
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IB a PE
LL
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[I
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MSuabdjeectAvtaoilParbolteebcyiv3eMOrfdorerInIsnpePcatiimoenrva.nd3CM,opyNoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3id0e9ntial Information:
2695.0013
13 3MA10051838
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= Eai
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h
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2695.0014
14
SMATO0S1E%0
E Evr omeaitgoe3yM |
||
| ||
L||
NN
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|
EEnvivronmientoLasmartrey ralabowo3aMym
|
Effect of Cationic Polymer Concentration
||
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| | | ress
(oom) 15
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| ||
| wer" | 10
\
|
| o s l \ Me =] i
0001 0002 0.003 0004 0.005
|
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2695.0015
15
aMATO0S1840
EnvironmantalLaboratory
Mm
Effect of Cationic Polymer Concentration
|
0
0
|
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| Lweea 020
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10
|
o 0 oom oor osm ome coos
Morquat 100 4)
|
~~
-
--
ey
Ewiomealabost3eMy |
Fluorochemical Surfactant Removal
|
SupCoorncnaanttarnatti(omngilnl)
Removal
(%)
|
| L440
Nalco 8157
4s
99.4
Nalco 7735
34
99.5
Fos
| tatosrsr
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99.8
Nalco 7735
002
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FeCl,
0.00
1000
SMuabdjeecAtvtaoilParbolteecbtyiv3e1OrfdorerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3CM,opyNoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information 2695.0016
16 3MA10051841
Future Work on AFFF Waste Treatment i
| Separation Method
CIsenptrreicfiupgiattaitoino,n ssuafnfdicfiietnrta?tion?
||
| Reversdeiofsfmiocsiuslt/otulotprearfialtteraatnidonm:aitnotoacions.tly,
||
| Disposal of Polymer/Surfactant Precipitate
|
Incinerationoffluorochemicals?
Landfill possible?
| `Seeking Wastewater Treatment Firm for Scale-up
|
L
----
i
c-- e
I" envionmentLaboratory
am
|| Fluorochemical Bioconcentration in Fish
| 25 mg/L ammonium perfluorooctanoate (FC-143) |
|
30 fish/tank
|
5 fish removed and sacrificed at day 7 and day 13
|
Analysis by combustion and F * analysis by ISE
DepwFuaisrthaetrrieomnaiEnxipnegriamteanntd ofuptake put nto fresh
|
| Anfailsyhsriesmboyvecdomabtudsatyio1n4,adnady 17,anaanldysdiasyb2y0ISE |
|
17
MSaduebAvtoajiPraeobtleecctbiytve3WOrodrerInIsnpePcatiiomneavrn-c3CM,opyNoi.ng2a.s0C4o.n6f3i0d9ental Information
2695.0017
MAt0051842
(r--------
a
Perfluorooctanoate Bioaccumulation in Fish
---- -- |
| 3S3 u50li- Upuke
i
3
Depuration 11! i
| Zak
1
|
| g:s u* t
i.
|
i | ' 0 - 0 oo!||
[| Entommtn
am
Perfluorooctanoate Bioaccumulation in Fish |
[Bs (aaye) | oSolutT ion | Tissue
|
[
(ppm) (pom)
|[* 1] 255
Kx
175
Tr
13
253 [=] 1.80
|
Rangeof concer: 1,0BCF0<01,0.00,<000
_
I
18
SMadoe AbivoaPleraobctlebctyts3OfrodeInnspePcatliomnearvn.dHCoopy.ingC2a.s0G4o.n6f3d0e5ntal formation
2695.0018
MAO0S1843
[EE--
am |
Fluorochemical Bioconcentration in Fish
|
| sscomptormans
| + bDyevceolmobpuesdtimoantmehtfhoorduorochamical concentration n fish
+ FC-143 roport roviewedby Or JohnGiesey,Environmental |
+ +
PIrnecosrepnotreadterdesruletcso0mmacnudsattomieornsanndtoatpSroEtToAcoCl 1995
||
F+utuFCr.e3W5o(rpkofluorooctans sulfonate)
|
++ AEtchryylliFcOfSoEamaelrco(hLo4l840)
+ Others as necessary
L
|
| Enomontstaborsory
3m
|
Fiuorochemical Products - Issues
i | |
-Hinderedby the numberof components - Techinusimetnads adocnacomsonent proatlywon't work
for othr companents
|
~
Povtnhrgea What mati?
cogetvechev
ruirchmphotrc
|
|| + SWoallseslay,sbenm,cvomenat, sitn ,at,svt, runt. |
|
++
+
FATooisonudt-sia .odcwos.mkiondb, oi, icothoi.
|
| ++ rKinmser sg,
| oda
|
19
MSuabdjeecAtvtaoilParbolteecbtyiv3eVOrfdorerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3CM,opyNoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3i0d8ental Information 2695.0019
3MAT0051844
| A mn | Environment Laboratory
am |
|
Fluorochemical Products - Issues
|
| +
TiremsendtousDreveilopcmenttsSinncEev~r1o98n3mensampe
NT mss
-~SeExptarracattioonnTTeecchhnniiqquueess
6,94, Spur at sncny,er
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Theoughput GLPMethods n
lac
orSveaFuarochemicls n SoveraMatrices
|
+ Non-iGcLPiMnegthooadsd,invPelracse,fsokriSne,vaenralatFeuroranoicmhaelmsiuclessn Several Matrices
+ Ca-nWDaetsetcetwAsntyeFsloudgre,osocilhdiannmiAnnigycwaatterl,ixa, and others
|
EnvianmentlLaboratory
am
Fluorochemical Products - Issues
|
| + T~ TrensorehuQmunandettroefnsemiolfdldFoisnssooorfopcouhuennsislcyaelarBeng Produced
|" ~-DDon'ot knno'wptrhtoeidrukcchtenimoinsotqruiawenstitiesofcompttors
| + etectsonSsprr rion
~ Human healt?
|
| commen
i
| + -HumGaanreHenaathiafnfdeuEtnvironmental Studies are
| - ExtremelyExpensive
| + Ultimate EnvironFamteeUnnktnoawln
+ Unknown Liab
|
|
20
SMaduebAvtajoiPlraeobltececbiytv3eMOrfdoerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3MC,opNyoi.ngC2a-s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information
2695.0020
3MAT0051845
EnvironmentalLaboratory.
am
Fluorochemical Products - Issues
+ Pr~odUuncktnCoowmnposition
||
- Not Crleal to Product Use
+ProductsmeatcertainQC specifications
- Bolling Point (Fluorinet Products)
~SurfaceTension (Fuorad Products) - Oil & Water Repellancy (Scotchbn & Sctchgard Products)
|
| ~ Extinguishment (ight Water Products)
|
| - Ostpheecricpahtyisoicnaslichemical properties s appropiate meet
+ End Use May Bo Unknown
~ Dorttknowwho buys them
~ Dontknowwhat kinds of productsthey are used in
Environmental Laboratory
am
Fluorochemical Steering Committee
hares Cowman Specialty Chemicals Division
|
!
Thomas Dipssquale Legal
|
Craig Oison Chemical, Fimand Aled Group Compliance |
|
Sik-Toh Ting
Fluorochemical Technology Canter
|
|
`Paul Ackerman Specialty Materials Division
i
Larry Zoebel Medical Doartment
|
John Butenholt ToxicologyServices
Ole Bacon Environmental Laboratory
James Sugg Industrial Hygiona Sances
OonTheissen CorporateProduct Responsibly
Lael Pickett
`Specialty Chemicals Division
|
Craig Burton
FluorochemicalTechnology Conter
|
MSuabdjeecAtvtaoilParbolteecbtyiv3e1OrfdorerInIsnpePcatliomneavrn.d3MC,opNyoi.ngC2a.s0C4o-n6f3i0d9ental Information 2695.0021
A 3MA10051846
J ----
3m
|
Fluorochemical Technical Advisory Committee
|
IEcT oigoon -- Choc Fimand-- Ald ro Gompnce
| Riogneriboonis TSotlotgySrenians t
|
SSoivanGodrtn ~~ TaodelaoOyopSarommaenst
|
JRoobmrbtatrotwoswla ~~ CEomptrontmoaRneissLrasLtaboratory SanSormson nus gon Sic
||
| romans cyto
|
ET
am |
|
Fluorochemical Work in Progress
peti
|
|
A bWaeteerStusiotr0..EmycFOSiE kAoshe
| |
W v "rom --e -- o nat e-- rngsm t er--rto* comn ports. atis
+ PasticideWorkingGroup.
Il
|[| 7"+ BGDioicornovceontxrptatniotnamFiC-e1m4n3s, tFiCa.9g5,noEtrheylseFOvSaE,oarnedotthers)
|L+ Propn oCsals. ontest rian |
2
S Wade Ai IvoaiParbte lecbhyv3e1OfrortInIpePcaiiomnearvn.d3MC.opyNoi.ng520C4o6n3f0d5etal Ifomatn
2695.0022
aMAto0S1847