Document EqKrj8m2axxbk8w40QQ4O0Rr0

FILE NAME: Chemical Abstracts (CHAB) DATE: 1948 DOC#: CHAB028 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Abstract Originally Published in 1947 by Boemke 1948 9001 13--Miscellaneous Industrial Products 9002 E. B. H u g h el at. Ibid. 656-601. Pine chemicals and are discussed in detail. In practice, it was found that in medicinal substances. N. R. Campbell. Ibid. 602-14. creasing the temp, of the gas from 0 to 400 increased the Essential oils, isolates, and derivatives. G. R. A. Short. wt. of dust not collected by 50%. A reduction in density Ibid. 615-21. Photographic materials and processes. of the dust particle from 1.8 to 0.8 increased the wt. of D. J. T. Howe (Elliott & Sons Ltd., Herts, Eng.). Ibid. dust particlet not collected by 60%, due to the film of gas. 622-43. Sanitation and water purification. John Hurley. Each app. has its optimum speed. Dynamic dust collec Ibid. 644-60.--Reviews with many references. Cf. C.A. tors are not satisfactory for tiny particles (microns in size), 40, 1613'. G. G. for toxic dusts, or for the recovery of valuable dusts, where Chemistry industry and the National Security Re- _ 100% efficiency is desired. Recent progress suggests an sources Board. W. T. Hack. Chem. Eng. Ncivs 26, u'lti'mate yi-eld- of- 92-95%- . Ann Nicholson Hird 2884-5(1948). _ _ E. _J. C. An improved method of reclaiming industrial diamonds Heavy chemical industries. D. Venkatcswarlu. /- from bit drills. A. R. Hazelgrove (Can. Industries Ltd., dian Textile J . 58, 919-28(1948).--A review and compari McMasterville, Que.). Can. Metals Mel. Inds. 11, No. son is made of some aspects of the chem. industry in India 9, 26(1948).--Diamond reclamation from drill bits may and abroad. \V. H. Boynton be effected from the 3 types of powd. alloy rings. The Chemicals--industrial giant. Caldwell R. Walker. types are: (I) iron, W, brass, C alloys, (II) iron, WC, Mfrs.' Record 117, No. 8, 35, 57-8(1948).--A hrief survey_ brass alloys, and (III) Cu-Co-Mo alloys. The treatments of the industry. ~Leopold Scheflan are: for ( I ) : (a) The bits are dissolved in a mixt. of 40 Chemical industries of Japan. Campbell Osborn (213 60 pts. 70% HNOj, 40-20 pts. 60% HF, and 20 pts. water. Woodward Bldg., Washington, D.C.). Chem. Eng. News The salts, after decanting the excess acid and washing the 26, 3018-21(1948). E. J. C. salts with water, are dissolved by one of 2 methods; a 1:1 A plan of industrial training for chemists and engineers. mixt. of NH,OH and water is added to the salt, stirred Charles H. Kline, Jr. (General Elec. Co., Pittsfield, and filtered, and washed with warm HC1 (1:1) or a mixt. Mass.). Chem. Eng. News 26, 2692-4(1948). of 1 pt. HjPO, (85%) and 1 pt. water is added to the E. J. C. crystals and the mixt. stirred and warmed if necessary; Work at Israel's Sieff Institute. Milton Orchin (Bur. (A) Alternately the bits are dissolved in a mixt. of 1 pt. of Mines, Pittsburgh, P a.). Chem. Eng. News 26, 2956-7 HNOj (70%), 1 pt. HF (48% or 60%), and 1 pt. H,PO, (1948).--The work and personnel of the Daniel Sieff In (85%). This mixt. will dissolve all but minor amts, of C. stitute in Rehovoth, Israel, are described. In addn. to (II). This alloy is not sol. in b, but the salts resulting basic research much effort is devoted to problems relating from soln. in the regular HNO,-HF acid mixt. are sol. in to the intensive industrialization and scientific agriculture the same reagents and by the procedure as Type I alloy th at are needed to support a large number of people in a except for warming the mixt. with 1:1 H,PO, to effect small land area. Milton Orchin soln. (Ill) This alloy is completely sol. in: (a) 40-60 Rock wool investigations. G. F. Murphy and E. pts. HNOj, 40-20 pts. HF, and 20 pts. water, or (A) the DeWolfe (Nova Scotia Tech. Coll., Halifax). Nova -- same mixt. as in I. W. H. Boynton . Scotia Dept. Mines, Ann. Kept. 1946, 151-5(1947).-- Radiation hazards in industry. Charles R. Williams The important consideration in the choice of raw materials (Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass.). J. for rock wools is that the material be self-fluxing. If Ind. Hyg. Toxicol. 30, 294-9(1948).--The industrial use of the acidic and basic portions are nearly equal by wt., and x-rays, and of naturally and artificially radioactive ele the loss on ignition (COO is between 20 and 30% the ma ments is discussed. G. M. Petty terial will be suitable. Chem. analyses of various lime Working conditions and health protection measures in stones are given, and mixts. suggested for obtaining better- the mining of ozocerite. P. L. Braginskil (Kiev. Inst. quality rock wool. Marie L. Lindberg Profess. Hyg.). Gigiena i Sanit. 13, No. 5, 24-8(1948).- Report on industrial minerals. M. G. Goudge (Dept. Analyses of air samples taken from various parts of the Mines, Halifax). Nova Scotia Dept. Mines, Ann. Kept. mine showed the presence (in mg./cu. m.) of hydrocarbons 1946, 07-80(1947).--Production and mine operations for 0.1-11.56, CH, 0.3-2.73, COs 1.01-2.73, HsS traces- barite, ceramics, dolomite, fluorspar, granite, gypsum, 0.003, SOj traces-0.0085. The limits of the compn. of the limestone, salt, and slate are described. M. L. L. hydrocarbons (other than CHj) were: total satd. 2.3-5.96, Report on industrial minerals. M. G. Goudge (Dept. total unsatd. 0.62-9.62, heavy satd. 0.5-1.5, heavy un- Mines, Halifax). Nova Scotia Dept. Mines, Ann. Kept. satd. traces, light satd. 2.32-5.19, light unsatd. 0.6-1.66. 1947, 56-69(1048.)--Production and mine operations for The relative compn. of the hydrocarbons, in %, was CH, 1 barite, ceramics, granite, gypsum, limestone, oil, salt, and 4, light satd. 46-72, light unsatd. 16-25, heavy satd. 10 silica are briefly described. Marie L. Lindberg 24, heavy unsatd. traces, aromatic traces. During the Sensitivity of calcium sOicide smoke mixtures to static 1st 2 hrs. after mining, 6 g. ozocerite evolved, in mg./l. air, electrical discharge. Archibald Gillies (Natl. Research light hydrocarbons 24.27, heavy 30, CH, 0.48; the amts, Labs., Ottawa, Can.). Can. J. Research 26F, 297-301 evolved during the 1st 2 hrs. by the ozocerite-contg. ore, (1948).--During the recent war a number of fires oc 10 g., were 1.22, 1.88, and 0.31, resp. Ventilation and curred in plants prepg. a smoke mixt. contg. CaSit 10-CjClj other protective measures are discussed. N. Thon 45-ZnO 45%. When blended thoroughly the mixt. bums Contamination of air with lead from molten typo relatively slowly. Such behavior led to the misconcep- graphic metal. V'. G. Matsak (Central Hygiene Lab., lion in the plants that the materials were quite safe to -- "Moscow`). Gigi`ena i- S- ani-t. 13, No. 5, 40--88((1948).--As a handle in all possible combinations. A static electricity rough approximation, 1 sq. tn. of the metal ssurface, in the generator was used to test 0.5 g. samples of various com- temp, range 270-300, evolves 1.4-2.0 g_. PPIb per hr. At binations of the ingredients to dct. the lowest voltage re 400, the amt. is 4-6 g./hr. N. Tlion quired to cause ignition. It was concluded that there is a , Clinical data regarding damage to the eyes from smoke wide range of mixts. with silicide content varying from ' or fumes. Roggenkiimper (Augenheilanstalt, Miilheim 20-90% that can be readily ignited (50 v. or less). To an der Ruhr, Ger.). Klin. Monatshl. Augenheilk. I l l , avoid such coiicns., the final mix was approached from a 173-6(1947); Chem. Zetitr. 1947, I, 835.--- Injury to the 50-50 ZnO-CjCl, mixt. These two components were well eyes by the action of smoke or fumes is discussed. It is blended and the CaSij was slowly added. No fires were1 ` held that the observed damage to the cornea is true chem. experienced under the above mentioned procedure. trauma, in which there is a disturbance of the synthesis of James C. Eubanks the protein rnols, of the tissue, with the result that toxic Cyclone apparatus for dust-separation industries. W. substances are liberated by the disintegration of these mob. Muhlrad. Genie civil 124, 152-5(1947).--Practical for M. G. Moore mulas are developed for detg. the effect of different phys. The pathology of diseases due to the Inhalation of dust, /? and structural factors on the efficiency of the collector and, Fr. Boemke. Med. Monatsschr. 1, 2-6(1947); C hem .fi also, for detg. the best yield obtainable under a given con Zenlr. 1947, I, 835.--Four principal type of anatomic/ dition. The phys. laws involved in sepg. dust from a gas changes resulting from inhalation of dust arc: lymphati L\L\ 1 0 G'5 1? H7 000' Chemical Abstracts 0004 Vol. 42 changes, tubercle formation, diffuse hardening, and cavity formation. It is assumed in agreement with Sicgmund, that a diffuse dusting of the lung tissue primarily takes place. Many developments are observed in silicosis which correspond to those of tertiary pulmonary tuberculosis. The importance of the blood passages in silicosis and the various views on tubercle formation and the growth of con nective tissue are discussed. Pyrolusite dust causes hard ening processes. Thomas-slag pneumonia, pulmonary, disorders due to A1dust, and asbestosis are discussed. At tention is called to the assocn. of asbestosis with pulmon ary carcinoma, the latter almost always taking the form of carcinoma of the pavement epithelium. It is possible that, in addn. tochem. processes, the purely mech. effects of the asbestos needles are also responsible for the develop - ment of carcinoma. M. G. Moore Treatment of eye chemical bums. Thomas W. Nale (Union Carbide and Carbon Corp., New York, N .Y .).- Safety Eng. 96, No. 2, 58, 63(1948).--An effective pro gram has been developed. Ann Nicholson Hird formation of the hollow spheroids. The gelable jol can be prepd. by rapid mixing of 2 or more reactant solns. in a mixing nozzle, and immediately after spraying into the heated atm. In a typical operation 2 solns. were prepd.; an acid soln. contg. 3.5% HrS04 (100% concn.), 7.9% com. Fe-free A1i(SO)i.15HjO, and 88.6% HjO; and a dil. water glass prepd. by mixing 44.7% H ,0 with 55.3% Na silicate (28.7% SiOs, 8.9% Na,0). When the 2 .solns. were mixed in the ratio of 137 vol. acid to 150 vol. water glass, a clear gelable hydrosol was formed, which set in less than 1 sec. to a firm hydrogel contg. 10 g. Si02and AUOj per 100 g. gel. The 2 Solns. were pumped in the above proportions through heated tubes to a mixing nozzle. The temp, of the sol formed in the nozzle was 143. The viscous sol was sprayed into a tower through which air was blown. The hollow spheroids collected from the tower were washed with water to remove sol. salts, hase-ex- changed with A1j(S04)j to replace zeolytic Na, and dried slowly at a temp, of 121-149. The dried material was heat-treated at 593. The product was in the form of small, hollow spheres with smooth, glossy surfaces. In Beryllium in industry (Manley) 9. Elec, resistance of insulating board (Mory) 23. Limestone deposit [manuf. of rock wool] (Messervcy) 8. Patent: Acetals [intermedi ates and solvents] (Croxall) 10. inass they were found to have a d. of 0.029 g. per cc. and a very low coeff. of thermal cord. P. J. Wilson, Jr. Insulating gel. Edmund L. Sargent and Robert C. Wilson, Jr. (to Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc.). U.S. 2,448,280, Aug. 31, 1948. The insulating material is Dessart, A. : Chimie applique. Industries minrales. Bruxelles. A, Dc Bocck. 1947. 478 pp. Fr. 300. Reviewed in Tech.-Wetenschap. Tijdschr. 17, 132(1948). Johnson, C. R. : Soil Analysis. Portland, Ore. : North west Drug Chem. Products Co. 1948. 16 pp. 90-50. Reviewed in Anal. Chem. 20, 881(1948). _ Gilard, P .: Trait de physico-chimie des silicates. T. II. Le Verre. 1948. 307 pp. Fr. 305. ' made up of a plurality of air cells having porous walls com posed of inorg. oxide gels. Diffusion through the gel walls is sufficiently slow so that it has little effect on the thermal insulating value of the material. The material is produced in a 2-step process, comprising; (1) forming a hydrosol of an inorg. oxide including SiOj having the inherent proper ties of setting to a hydrogel without change in chem. compn. after the lapse of a period of time, and of passing . through the viscous stage just prior to gelation; and (2) spraying the soln. against a solid surface at a temp, in ex Removal of gaseous impurities from air. Egyesiilt cess of the b.p. of the sol, the sol being at a temp, in excess Izzolampa cs Villamossfigi R.T. Hung. 129,048, Feb. 3, of its b.p. at the pressure in the spray chamber and in the 1943. Air is cooled to 0 to remove water, and then led viscous state at the time of spraying; so that the water through containers filled with finely dispersed bauxite at content of the hydrosol is vaporized and the drops ex temps, between 0 and --62.5; 100 kg. bauxite is enough panded to bubbles which form a foamy mass on the sur for treating 1 million cu. m. air, and can be regenerated by face, and the walls of the bubbles bond together. In a heating to 150-300. Cf. Fr. 806,836 ( C .A. 36, 4857s) . typical run a thermal insulating material was formed by Istvan Finely - - diluting Na silicate with H20 to 15% SiOj, 4% NajO, and Protection against arsine. Raphael E. Granjon and 81% HjO by wt. The acid-alum soln. contained approx. Paul de Puiffe de Magondeaux. Fr. 863,981, April 15, 4.6% A1j(S0 4),, 3.4% HrSO(, and 92% H,0. The two 1941. Arsine is absorbed by an aq. compn. of FeCl, solns. were preheated in sep. streams to 143. They were (80%, 42Be.), CuSO., (10% 20B6.) HMnO, (9%), then mixed in a nozzle and sprayed upward in a tower and HgCl. (1%). L. A. Manning heated to 316 with preheated air. The mixed solns. Heat-developing mixture. Jozsef Narai. Hung. 130, contained about 13.5% by wt. solids, whereas the dried 843, Jan. 2, 1943. Steel chippings 60-80, MnOs 10-20, gel had a 92.5% solids content by wt., and a bulk d. of 2 MnCI, 10-20, KCIO, 5-10, NaCl 5-10, FeSO, and(or) lb. per cu. ft. The freshly formed gel did not disintegrate CuSO< 5-10, and Zn 5-10% are powd., mixed, moistened, " when allowed to stand for 6 days in water. and kept for 10 min. in a container at 50-100. Before P. J. Wilson, Jr. use, 3 parts water is added to 100 parts of the mixt. to Low-methoxyl pectinlc acids. Rolland M. McCready, produce heat. Istvfin Finiily Harry S. Owens, and Wm. D. Macla. (to the United Pumice substitute. Istvan Szcgfi. Hung. 131,018, I States of America as represented by the Secy, of Agr.). Feb. 1, 1943. Fresh-water silt is mixed with carbonates, U.S. 2,448,818, Sept. 7, 1948. Low-methoxyl pectinic sulfides, org. substances, and other gas-developing agents acids are isolated from aq. solns. of extn. liquors which and heated to 1150 to give a pumicelike inass of d. 0.3. have been prepd. by acidic, alk., or enzymic defisterifica- Istv&n Finely . _tion from source materials, such as citrus peel, apple pom Ink eradicator. Lajos Sudfeld. Hung. 128,894, Jan. ace, etc. The isolation is carried out by treating the soln. 2, 1942. Solid KMnQ, pressed into small rods is mois with a mineral acid, such as HjSO, HC1, or HNOj, so that tened with dil. HiSO, and rubbed on the ink spot; then the pH does not exceed preferably 2.0. The pecti.iic acid the spot is treated with aq. HjO,. Istvdn Finaly , is thereby caused to ppt. in a free-acid form. It is sepd. Dust-preventing agent. Sandor Vajna. Hung. 128, * from the acidified soln., and the excess acid removed by 897, Jan. 2, 1942. Hygroscopic substances (CaCl2 or water washing until the pH of the acid-water wash reaches MgClj or su'fite cellulose) are mixed with fungicides a max. of about 2.2. The washed ppt. is finally dried. (NaF, K dinitrocresolate) and sterilizing agents (p-di- In an example, 500 cc. of 1.0% soln. of com. low-meth- chlorobenzene). Istviin Finaly -oxyl apple pectin prepd. by acidic defisterification (meth- Hollow gel spheroids. Edmund L. Sargent (to Socony- oxyl content 5.1%) was poured into 100 cc. of a soln. Vacuum Oil Co., Inc.). U.S. 2,449,253, Sept. 14, 1948. contg. 10 cc. coned. HjSO,, thus causing the pptn. of the Hollow spheroids having walls of gel arc formed by spray pectinic acid. The pH of the acidified soln. was about 1.5. ing a sol in a viscous state and at a temp, above its b.p. j After washing and drying the recovery was 97% of the into a gaseous atm. also at a temp, above the b.p. of the low-methoxyl pectinic acid in the original soln. sol, or, alternately, into a body of liquid at such elevated P. J. Wilson, Ji. temp. It is only necessary to evap. that portion of the Fishing bait. Isaac F. Richardson. U.S. 2,449,322, HjO in the sol which is readily evolved at the temp, of Sept. 14, 1948. A coinpd. suitable for fishing bait con-