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AROCLORI
Ciii;\u('.\i.s- Plastics
3or Polyvinyl c4cetate Cmuliion aidkeiives
A (_ _ J Monsanto Technical Bulletin No. 0-111
November, 1955
Monionto Chemical Company, Organic Chemicals Division, St. Louis 1, Mo.
INTRODUCTION
Monsanto Aroclor* chlorinated polyphenyls are a series of compounds serving a variety of needs. Each Aroclor can serve as a plasticizer for many of the synthetic resins. Properties imparted vary with the Aroclor chosen. In this respect the family of Aroclor compounds is analogous to a series of phthal&te esters.
Aroclor 1221, 1232 and 1242 are three compounds especially suited for plasticizing polyvinyl acetate (PVA) emulsion adhesives.
These are important advantages of the Aroclor plasticizers specified --
1) Excellent tack and strong bonding power are imparted to PVA adhesives.
2) The compounds are low in cost.
3) The plasticizers are light colored.
4) Aroclor 1221, 1232 and 1242 are mobile liquids at room temperature. Plant handling is simplified since no pre-melting is required.
5) The plasticizers are readily blended with PVA emulsions by simple stirring.
6) The hardness desired in various adhesive applications can be varied by choice of Aroclor plasticizer without materially changing other properties of the adhesive.
7) The three Aroclor plasticizers recommended for PVA emulsion adhesives are comparable to orfAo-Nitrobiphenyl (a widely used PVA plasticizer), with regard to tack and fiber-tear, as indicated by tests on a porous yellow paper and a melamine-coated Kraft stock.
8) Aroclor compounds are readily available.
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COMPATIBILITY
Tests conducted by Monsanto show Aroclor 1221,1232 and 1242 are each compatible with PVA at the evalua tion level of 11 parts of plasticizer in 100 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion. Each of the Aroclor plasticizers will blend with orlAo-N'itrobiphenyl, if blending is desirable. Add liquified ONB to the emulsion, then add the Aroclor.
LABORATORY DATA
Several PVA adhesive formulations using different plasticizers were made up and evaluated in our laboratories. The basic formulation consisted of 11 parts of plasticizer in 100 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion. Data tabu lated below will allow the adhesive formulator to choose the most suitable plasticizer for the adhesive proper ties desired.
A COMPARISON OF POLYVINYL ACETATE PLASTICIZERS
Formulation Properties
ortho-NItro* Dibutyl biphenyl Phthalate
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1232
Aroclor 1242
Shot# Hardness, A-scale
82 69 66 86 97
Low Tamp. Flax., 0 C.
+ 2.2
-- 10.2
-5.9
+ 4.0
+ 5.3
Volatility <9f> plasticizer lost after 24 hrs. at 86 C.)
3.8%
4.0%
4.8%
4.3%
4.0%
K.roi.n. Extraction, (% plasticizer lost after 24 hrs. at room temperature)
3.2%
4.1%
4.5%
3.8%
4.2%
Viscosity of Formulation*
(Centipoises)
Initial
1 day
3 days
4 days
5 days
7 days
10 days
_2160
2200
____ 2280 2340 ,
2460
2420
2460
-- 2520
_--
....
2240 -- 2200 -- 2200 2180 2260
'Initial viscosity of the polyvinyl acetate emulsion tested was 1500 centipoites.
2160 -- 2060 -- 2040 2020 2060
-- ------
.
-- -- ....
-2-
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TYPICAL PROPERTIES AND SPECIFICATIONS
Property
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1232
Aroclor 1242
Color, APHA max. (Specification)
Acidify, max. (mg. KOH/gm.)
Specific Gravity, 25/15.5 C. (Specification)
Pounds Per Gallon
Distillation Range*, 0 C.
Hash Point, C.O.C., 0 C. 0 F.
Fire Point, C.O.C., C. 0 F.
Poor Point, ASTM-D-97, C.
Refractive Index, nD1B
Viscosity, S.U.S. 210 F.
(ASTM-D-88)
130 F.
(Specification): 100 F.
ASTM'D-20 (modified).
100 100 100
0.014 1.182-1.192
0.014 1.270-1.280
0.015 1.381-1.392
9.85 10.55
N
(SI
i *O
NOoa
295-355
oo
o
sr
286-302
149-152 300-305
176 349
212 415
Crystals at 1
-35.5
1.615-1.616
1.618-1.620 (Specification)
30-31 35-37 38-41
31-32 39-41 44-51
**No fire point up to boiling temperature.
11.50
325-360
176-180 348-356
None** ....
-- 19
1.624-1.626 (Specification)
34-35 49-56 82-92
TOXICITY AND SAFE HANDLING INFORMATION
The acute oral toxicity of Aroclor 1242 shows it to have an LDS0 to rats of 4.15 ml./kilogram. Presumably the other two Aroclor compounds are in the same toxicity range. Repeated or prolonged skin contact with these compounds is to be avoided. Inasmuch as their processing in this use does not require the use of elevated temperatures, there should be no hazard from vapor exposure.
SHIPPING INFORMATION
Shipping Classification (U.S.A.) Shipping Regulations Standard Containers
--Synthetic Resin
-- None
-- 55 gal. black iron, nonretumable, lacquer-lined drums containing 500 lbs., net, (Aroclor 1221 and 1232) or 600 lbs., net, (Aroclor 1242).
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Monsanto
Chemjcals-Plastics
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