Document EdvyDZ0DRMokypxzepkdLV4Gj

Mutation Research 332 (1995) 17-26 Fundamentaland Molecular MechanismsOt Mutagenesis Genetic effects of petroleum fuels: cytogenetic monitoring of boasoline station attendants A. Carere '*', A. Antoccia b, R. Crebelli ', F. Degrassi ', M. Fiore ', I. Iavarone '. G. Isacchi ', S. Lagorio ', P. Leopardi ', IF. Marcon ', F. Palitti e, C. Tanzarella b, A. Zijno ' Laboraron ~~'CornpararlTceO.K~CO~anOd~E.Vcoroxicolog.v, lsriruro Superlore di Sanrrir. Viale Regina Elma. _799-001dlRome. /tal? Dipanimenro di Generica e Biologla Molecolare. Unicerslra Lo Strprenza. Rome, lraly ' ' Cenrro di Generica Eco1u:ionisrica CNR. Rome, IiaIy Cenrro Trasfwionale Unicersirano. Unicersitd La Saprenza. Rome. lralv Dipanmenro di Agrobiologra e Agrochimica. Unlcerslra della Tucla. Virerbo. 1raI.v Received 9 February 1995: revised I June 1995: accepted 15 June 1995 .Abstract Workers in the petroleum distribution trades experience relatively high-level exposures to fuel vapours whose conse- quences have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the possible relationship between occupatlonal exposure to peUOleUnl fuels and cytogenetic darpages in penpheral lymphocytes was investigated. Twenty-three male. non-srnokjng viorkers from the area of Rome were enrolled in tk'e study, rogether with age-paired controls with no occupational exposure to fuels. Peripheral lymphocyte cultures were set up for the analysis of srmctunl chromosome aberrations (CAS), sister chromatid =changes (SCEs) and micronuclei (MN) in cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes. Frequencles of CAS. SCEs and MN were cornpared between exposed and control groups. and evaluated in relation to blood lead level (as an indicator of engine txhausts exposure) for the whole group under study. and to yearly averaged exposure to benzene (8-h time weighted wrages, as determined by repeated personal sampling) for fillingstation attendants only. Both CASand SCEs were slighcly increased in station attendants: 1.97 versus 1.46 aberrations per 100 cells, and 4.73 i:0.15 versus 4.48 5 0.1 I SCEs/cell in exposed and control individuals. respectively. The difference between cumulative CA rates in the exposed and control (m)populations was of borderline statistical significance ( p = 0.066).However, when the exposed population was dichotomized for benzene exposure. a-ficant correlation of CAS with benzene exposure was found. The analysis of SCE data highlighted a significant increase of cells with more than 6 exchanges (HFCs), c o r r e s p o n d G t h e 75" percentile Ofvhe overall distribution. in fillingstation anendants (relative risk (RR)= 1.3, 95% CI = I.1- 1.5) in comparison with controls. In h e pooled population, the frequency of HFCs showed a statistically significant upward trend at increasing blood lead levels ( X' for trend = 27.8, p < O.OOO1). A complex relationship between SCEs and benzene exposure was observed.,.with an increased frequency of HFCs in the medium exposure intensity class (RR= 1.5. 95% CI = 1.2-1.7). and no difference for exposure to higher benzene levels (RR = 1.0. 95% CI = 0.9-1.2). compared to reference subjects. Finally. the analysis Qf M N in both phytohemagglutinin- and pokeweed-stimulated cell cultures did not show significant excess of MN in binucleated lymphocytes of exposed workers with respect to the age-paired controls. ' Corresponding authodel.: + 39449902762: Fax: +39-64440140. ~27-5107/95/$09.50 (0 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All righrs reserved SSDI 0027-5 107(95)0008 1-X 4 5 i. 26 A. Carere et al. / Mutarion Research 332 (I9951 17-26 in workers exposed to benzene. in: K. Berg (Ed.). Genetic Damage in Man Caused by Environmental Agents. Academic Press, New York. pp. 187-203. Fuselli. S. (1992) Rilevamento del benzene in u n sit0 urbano: Roma-est (1985-88). ECO. 1. 44-48. Hagmar. L.X.. Bmgger. I.-L. Hansteen. S. Heim. B. Hijgstedr L. Knudsen. 8. Lambert. K. Linnaiamaa. F. LMitelman. I. Nordenson. C. Reutenuall, S. Salomaa S. Skerfving and M. Sorsa (1994) Cancer risk in humans predicted by increased levels of chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes: Nordic Study Group on the health risk of chromosome damage. Cancer Res.. 54. 2919-29??. Hando. J.C.. J. Narh and J.D. Tucker (1994) Sex chromosomes, micronuclei and aging in women. Chromosoma. 103. 186- 192. Hogstedt. 8..I. Bratt. A. Holmen. L. 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