Document EdNEby7p8Z0wYap0k4yYgQxox
FE-15
TOXICITY TO AQUATIC INVERTABRATES (E.G., DAPHNIDS)
ARY oll
TEST SUBSTANCE
Identity: Perfluorooctanesulfonate; may also be referred to as PFOS or FC-95. (1-Octanesulfonic acid, 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8heptadecafluoro-, potassium salt, CAS # 2795-39-3)
Remarks field: The test substance is a white powder of
uncharacterized purity.
The following summary is abbreviated due to the fact that this study has been superceded by a more recent test.
METHOD
Methods: ASTM, 1981, Proposed Standard Practice for Conduction Renewal Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with the Daphnia magna; OECD, 1981,
TDyappeh:niAacsupt.,e 1st4a-tdicayanRdepCrhordouncitciornenTeewsat.l
GLP: No Year completed: 1984
Species: Daphnia magna
RESULTS
4184--hdoauyrEECsCos((riempmroobdiulcitziaotino)n:): 21-day EC (reproduction)": 28-day EC (reproduction): 28-day NOECTM*:
14, 21, and 28-day MATC:
2147.7(2(51-22-81)8m)gm/gL/L 12.4 (11-14) mg/L 11.4 (10-13) mg/L 7 mglL
11.2 mg/L.
* Cumulative (Young/Adult)
++ This concentration applies to no observed effects on Cumulative resis
ofYoung/Adult and Broods/Adult and on the total number of Young/Adult.
DATA QUALITY
Reliability: Klimisch ranking = 2. This study satisfied all criteria for
quality testing at the time performed, but actual concentrations were not
measured. Results were based on nominal concentrations. Additionally, sample purity was not adequately characterized.
REFERENCES
001512
"This study was conducted by the 3M Company, Environmental Laboratory, 1984. OTHER Submitter: 3M Company, Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 33331, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55133 Last changed: 5/3/00
001513
smn
TECHNICAL REPORT SUMMARY
File Toa
Fess
TO: TECHNICAL COMMUNICATIONS CENTER -- 2012012
(0ortat epor nbothsii dsofpapen r,san wt ocopie 0 TCC. Guidolnrievnereeds.
SEonvironmental Laboratory (EE & pc)
pi05m35------
New Methods Development
9970030000
Effect of Potassium Perfluorcoctanesulfonate on Survival, etc.| ' Wey _
L. Boho
2/13/84
---
b "weevnd o
.
Te oomer hermesx l Omitoorem|
CARER SERETVE
SAHApaDoT eore ce r2eme
Tleifcehnoclyocglye Tcraapnasbfielri:ty. To develop a daphnid chroni
= cet ME. AT.
ERlenianbearray
ECiPnOe hASEETRACTTo ror 7 oaCom So Aebssttsracwtere- accountdeuctsetdatitco eanvdalucahtreonitchisreonregwaalnisDmasphnTieaspomnasgsnato oCsv.tcaLutr.dayinieenosfgsultc2fh5ooennctaNoetOneEt2.Cr8awmtgaiT/sohLne,s7amcogfuI/tnLpe.o1t44,a8-Asths21i,utEChm:e3p8eh-irwdgaafhsyleusoc2trh7or-omcgno/inLcc.enetxwrpiaottshiuor9ne53 tyavoeeusrntagegdepe(rn18umamdbgue/lrLt),of arvebeprroraoogddesuctnpieuvrmebeardiunlodtfi,ceyswo;eurnsgvizpi:enrhciubbmriuotoledad,titvoaenda live pgsrieegrantfieflriucaotnhrtaonodelcgotrvaeeelnfseopns<aa0nut.tle0i5c.iwapsatTehsdiesvuenrcadolenrcoernnodtrermraastlioonfusmeoafgnpiottuadsesium cosropnedc2ii8te-isdoanywsi.lelxpoTnshoeutresbeurtoviimvppaoaltc,taesdsgirounwmetghpa,etrifvalenudlcyrrobeoypcrtocadhnurecostmuiilocfno1no4a,ftet2r1h,is This study should be repeated since the two highest sdcteiwovgonencleieoxfnptitrcreaaimntnetifsoo.nersfmfaettcietosnteldoe,nvelc7sonacnrdeenstp1re8cattmiigvo/enLlsyr.eipyirneTgsheenrbteetwitesheena NOtneEheeCdseantdo
Key Words: Toxicity, acute, chronic, Daphnia magna
HE
a
001514
INTRODUCTION
butbeheeelnseettrhuema1s'uo!fb)jemcartneupfooafrctteaudnriimtnahglat ptploeaxrnitcfiltwuyoorrkisentraustd.eides'cO2nh)ge,miofcaDlatsthaesheaodnmaba teeesrniimaifllosaurndhasin ciionnmdfpioocruamntadet,siontphoasttuagsgstehisiustmsmpaetthreafrtliuaoilrtoowicisltlwaanteneseruiltfhsoeonrlautbrele,eadiaanldyoffpbi-rowedhleiigtmreiandasero'lyindo,r upbireoircnfognlcuearnctuortraeoteeo.xcptosaPurnrfeeeolsniamcutiolnnedairitynidoiancqsau.taetdicthtaetstitnogxicofsipgontsascsoiuulmd be elicited
cOfrustthaeceaaqnu,atiDcaphsnpieaciemsagnaavaiislabbleeingforutiulseizeads wtiedsteloyrgianniascmust,e atnhde chronic
otcfEhfeoilcratbssoirzaeets,ortyciocmnupglatr.uaArtdiivnvagen,ltaygseessnhsoirattsisvo1icitifyae,tecdeytcclw.ei'tjhe'qt3oh/le2o1g\LioceaGloufidieSmlapiponhreatsiadnscfeo,rAreease
ebcxroponoaddsuucrtdeiantgapbraoastcoeutceoclosn4s8ia-rshetitnebgsetisnogf hdabevoetvhelboeapeceundtepuorbalndihsahvceehdr!obsme!ie,cn
aanddopctherdo'n)i.c A studies utilizing
D; magna presently exists." Daghnids were used, therefore, to evaluate
`vtahreyienfgfecctoncoefntarcauttieon(s48o-fh) poantdass14i,um21p,erforluo2r8o-odcaytancehsruolnifconaetxep.osures to
METHODS AND MATERIALS
Water Diluent
.
Thieltderialdutiwoelnlwavatteorr,useaderaitnedallto tseasttsurawatsionanbeufnocrheloruisen.atedM,eancarvbaolnues
afsormas/oLmeCawCaOt,eroqfua2l5i6ty(2p47a-r2a6m5e)t,ersalwkearlei:nitpHy a7g.6mg(/4L0.1Ca)b,ostotoafl 23h4ardness
(219-229) and conductivity as umhos/cm at 250C of 349.(325-373).
Test Species
Tihneteglmaibtotraanttoryilsltuomciknatciuolnt,ure16hof 1DI.Ghtmagannad 2042C., Stock and organisms used during
8whasdmaraki,ntaatineadtuenmdpeerrature of chronic exposure tests were
rEaetdeblofend3e0dmgfissholifdosod/Lofof kntoeswtn snoulturtiitoino.nal quality and yeast at the
Acute Tests
During these tests the dilution water temperature averaged 22+1C,
wwtehhrireloeugphlaoaucptehdottohipenerdtiueospdtl.icofatFeo1cr6t-ehtshtelig4bh8et-ahkearntsde,st8s-2,h50 d2a0mlrkdnacepashpsnaciidwtsays,1m2ae+iancth1a2i-cnhoendtoaldining
a2d0d0itmiionosf. tesFtivesocluotnicoenn(tr)a.tionAsllofacpuotteastseisutms wpeerreflurournoowcittahnoeustulffooondate,
uansded anin untthreesaetetdestcsontwraosl dagprhounpidweirmemorbuinliziantidounpliacsatceh.araTchteeriezneddpoibnyt a
dleacfkineof thceoorrdainngaeteodf test.
cmoovnecmeennttr.atioTnhse
ctaolcbeulautseedd
EiCns>)fhevalluiefe-wcasycluesedrenteowal
001515
.
an
Chronic Tests
pcThhooentdoucpchetrreoidnoidcinadauapthotnmeiamdtpiecsratalutdluiyreesfcioxuensdtirngotlolfeaidrs1tg6r-ohiwntlshitgahrctsh,am1ba2on+fd
a1t2-h23o+ld 1y5oCrewith 8-h dark cycle.
cTtoheniststamisanttiaentrgiica2l0r0epnelmlwuaslteanscthruonsntoirlceuattiteoednst catwoansteraocclhondosfuecttfeoifdve u20scionnbgecaeknteternrsa.t2i5o0nEmsaic' hofbetaetskhteers|
dciaonpnshctnaeirndstrpapeetrrionbbeeaawakkseerrreffpoolrricrsaeutprervdoidvuatclhtriedveaetatmieamanesdsursweiemtvehenntfsti.viemesSDtawopichtknhiasobulmtuatgnioaonnesfiwresrte
gwpleraeeskpslayrepdi(pMeWiFtn)tedsweiitohhnaivizfneogdodawnaatlesIro..D.beioFnfrges5hrmemspollewuenrtieisohneusdsedwaetrteothmitasrdaentsimfueep.r ththrDeiicseapGousiatble
ddiaspchanriddesd.to fresh solution. The young daphnids were then counted and
abDdruuorloitdn,grmetolheeratsatele,isttynutmohfeberyfoouolnflgowyoiornugngaddaupltetar wdaaedpruhelntitdpaseb.ruladtAaeyl,dl:dnautdmaabyeraroefofbiabnsrieotdoidaslonper noninal concentrations of potassium perfluorooctanesulfonate, Statistics
aSTnhaeelyms4ios8'-c"h)t, aaStcioutrtetohanentdmdo1av4,innsg21,annigaltnedsa2v8va-esdreaaygescomhceretomhnoiidco\s)EcC),,d.l
Lvailmueess aonrdtthhelr
Reproductive and
stuexrtviv"asligdnaitfaicawnetr"e value of .05.
awinlallyzreedfebry toansatlaytsiisstiocfalvarsiiagnncief.icanTcher,oughhaovuitng thae p
RESULTS
Acute Test
'
BpThaeesrefdlcaulooncruolotachtitesadnevsa4ul8u-lehfonEtCahc)eldravwniagtlehueaofwa9st5%es2tC7.Lnc.go/nLcreanonftgrinapgtoitoafnsrssoimsuem2l5ecttoed28 fmogr/lt.he pdtaeheprhfnldiuidosrsoocolhcvrteoadnniecosxuytlgefesontnawlteeerv.eel0dT.i2e6dm,penro1at.0t,ufrael2l.6a,nbdel7op.H0w, v7a0a%nrdiesda18tmumirgan/tilimoanlo.lfypwohtialsesium Chronic Test = 14, 21, and 2-Day Duration teIxanpbdouislceeadstedotfo intrheeTparbaolbdoeuvsceti1v-l4ei.stpeedrfocromnacnecnetraatnidonssurvofivatlhe oftesDtapmhnaitaermaiganlaare vaUraneltureeisantecadigtreocdeomnetfnrotorlwtihrteehpcruormdeuuplocarttitevidevenlanuidtmebrseaurtruvroiefvalyvaoilununedgsi!gpgegraa10).sdulsLtihtoewrrnanagtieundr.eTafbrloem 1 D3a0p-h1n2i2aatmagtneampesruravtiuvraels vofari2e0d-25frComwh8i0l-e924a.t temperatures of 18220C
001516
S3-
pToh8et-adsaeysffieuecnxtpopseounrrfelrueopprreooroidcoutdcatniasvnsedulaiftnodnicachteeesmiceaalrliecicitolenldcuesntbytrratacethdiroonn(siTcavbaelerxypio1ns).gurefrOovtmeor 0.t2h6e mci0onnic7n.ea0nltlrmyga/tLiwohentnhedecmpoeemanpndaernevtdalurteoesspcooofnntsretohleupadabttooav.e7.0ciTmhtuegsd/,Lpatirhseamaepatpbeasrreesnnctev.aorfieda
tIonxtiecrafnetrenccoencweintthrattihoennobremtawleenrep7.r0odauncdtiv1e8.0promgc/eLs.s diAtd otchicsurlaatttear
rceodnucceendtrabtyio8n0,%, tahevercaugmeulantuimvbeernoufmbelriveofyoluinvge ypeorungbropoedr 55%, and the number of broods per adult was reduced by
awadsultinwheirbeited 62%.
by
sdItauylfhoacsnhartobeneiecnconercxeepconostmurmraeetnidoetdne!ss"t)sup t(htTaoatblaentdhr2)ei.enclburAdtoiondpgotsat7us.ds0iiemusgm/Lpreeptrlhfealcueotrimo2e1octotraons2t--8hree Abtroo1d8 mrge/lLeasiet wraesqueirietdherapp1r4oxorima1t5edlayys17afdtaeyrs fionritiraetlieoanseofofthtehesttuhdrye.e bvraoloudess,. a statistically significant difference when compared to control
dCaaylscuolfateedxpovsaulrueestoforpot5a0%ssiruempropdeurcftliuvoerooicmtpaainremseunltfonaatte14,are21,shoawnnd 2(8Table
3). Adult mortality ECc) values could not be determined as they
erECx,a,cRedeidnvegadlufertsohmecah1il1gc.h4uelsatttoedt1e6S.ff1orcmgoa/lnllc.enrterOpavrteoirdolunacptiuvsoefedptahirenamt9eh5t%iesrCs.sLt.wudeyri.es
siTmheila2r6,-day indicative
vofalutehse. absence of statistically significant differences in these
iInnditcheiss dsitdudyoccsutratiatstiacaclolnycenstirgantiifoincanotf c18hamngge/sL piontaaslsliurmeproductive p0e.r26f,l.u1o.r0o,oct2a.6n,esualndfon7a.t0emg(/TLabOlfe 4t)h.e teEsxtpossuurbestatnocecondicdentnortatiaofnesctofthese i7.n0dimcegs/Lorofmoprottaalsistiyumtpoeraflsuiogrniofoicctaanntesudelgfroenea.te Tihsusc,onsaidceornecdenttroatbeiontheof chronic NOEC or no observable effect concentration.
Traebplreodu5ctiilvleustirnadtiecsestehevaldueartievdedtahcruoutgeh/ocuhtrontihce proattiaosssiufmor those
prtehaertifol1su4 oarfnaodrocta2la1ln-edpsaauyrlafamocneuattteeer/schexrspotonusiducireedrapwteeirroiesoddi.edreinvTtehidcealf28ra-ondmdaycwuemaruceluatteeiq/vuceihvraonlnuiemcnbter to
pOfrocyeosusngwhpierchadiusltnotdataaf,fectTehdisbymayincirnedaisciantge atheconexcpeonsturraetidounradteipoenn.dent
Toacbtlaenes6ulsfhoownsatetheexpcrhersosneidc derived from reproductive
arsenetwhael NOtEoCx,iciMAtTyC,of apnodtaECsy,siumwhipcehrflvuaolureosindices. As in the preceding table, the
were
dNeOrEiCveadndvaMlATuCesaraere icdheenmtiiccaall dfeoprenaldlentparanadmetteirmse mienadseupreenddenatt.allThuesx,postuhree
psetraitoidsst,icalThedifECf.)8fenvcaelueisn tdhiefsfeervsalluiegshtlbyasehdowoenvervartihaebreleiesxpnoosure
aurations.
001517
SaDIscussIon eRfefpercotdusctfiovlelomweinagsureexmpeonstusrehatvoesubebelnethuasledcoaspgeinntdriactaitoonrss ooff Ptoohx,icpanpt!DDT, orerprAotrdauzciinbi.lityFuorfthetrhmeorDea,phnPiaarkmhaugrnsat cethroanlic teisntveasntdigcatoendclutdheed that, oebffrfoaotcdhte.ortopxeircitaydulctriwteerreia sesntusdiiteidv,e tihnedicnautmobresr ooff ayoucnhgronpircoduLcoexdicpaenrt OJrouehrpnrsorodenu'scy2tl3iyos7n aaarnerde Pisnaernaksghiruterisevtmeenettpwar2i10a3g)mettehrtoshsaeotf crhaeapnotgroetxseidcainnbty iMenfadfkieiccetsa.ndof Changes ooccctuarniensgulfaotnactoenceinntcrlautdieodn reldeuvcetlisonosf 1i8n: mg/1)L otfhepoavtearsasgieumpneumrbfelruoorfo~ nb3ru7om1ob3de)sr pa(evtreorap5ga4e)rennotfu,mbdee7radtoofyo3;uynogu2)ngpenrupemrpbearrbernootofdwla2is7vetaoylosuo1n3:gnotpe"eAdrn.pianrWcehrneetsn,seco1mi9nb0inttiohneg yettoxhhuepenogsnauturtmreebeneluretaaotsoeifhdoinglhwiaovsfeleoavalbenlsdlesrdrvoeeefapddr.poodytuoacuTstnhgsievieuammos5itp2n%edirncforeltesued.wouorcrcttoOihnocyntatnhrieenessuuotlltotfhtoaenlroafthneaudnmadhbp,aehsnriaytobfeen ptahriesntcoanfcfeencttreadt.ion maturation was not delayed nor was longevity of the Water quality guidelines have specified the use of two protective celefovfneeclce.tntrcaoNtneicioetnnhste,rratnoifaomnetlhye(sNeOaECp2)r4o-thaendcatvieevrieatgheecronecqaeuni2tv4ra-alhteimnoatnxsitmousmhtohueolrdno4b8eoohbseeBxCrc.viadbelde ocpeovrnetcrleuntothrreoaoticintodaninsceasotufeldf7o.tn0iamteaen,dper2iO7ovdem.rg/LthUetwiolu2il8zd-idnabgye eetsxhtpiasobslucirosenhceepdpetr,ifoodrprophotoetcatsisvieum OolifebnvsdeeitlrchveesawbhGliHae-csMhAetTfehCefl,ieccriteetsqseupdaoolncscaenutrorceefr1dfi1etceumtrgs,i/iaLn..g18eiCmAgot/nhNLveO,erErCsmgeioolfvryet,a7luismdtuoyr/aiLngogrraonsdarsep2tar0hp-oedpdaurtycootxxiciivhmceraaotntniiocn exposure to 18 mg/L of potassium perfluorooctanesulfonate, reproductive
impairment was noted. This phenomenon was observed as early as the
ssteucdoyn.d week and remained at the same ECgo value for the duration of the Bcpahosetemadiscsaiolunmtnpheeecsreefslsaufroiyrnodoitcnogtsaenleiascndiutlfcooannasctihedreornwiiilnclgefntfohteectci,omnpcaiectnttirnsaetgciaootnnicsvleuldoyefdotnetshtatthe esunrvviirvoanln,ntgarlowtrheleaansde rceopnrdoidtuicotniso.n of Daphnia magna under present
Rereences 1. Ubel, F. A., Sorenson, S. D., and Roach, D. E. 1980. Health Status
of plant workers exposed to fluorochemicals-a preliminary report. J. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. 41:584-589,
2. AG4m1rm1io5fn7fi6iu-tm5h'8,3P.eFPr. flD.uoraonodctJa.neEs.ulLfoonnga,te1.980,Am. AnInidm.alHyTgo:xicAsistuyc.Studies with
001518
.
Cs
3. BPRuaelrplkr.houdruEscntiv,ibriolBni..tyR.C,oofntJa.am.LL.iTfoeFx-oiCrcytoecllean2dT6:o1xG.-i8c.iP.tyWTreisgtht,wit1h981D.aphnia magna. 4. DDPraiepcshhinlniogar,ompahM.gennao1x98Hi1y-.darcoebtOiinocltoahgceiiadE)ff8eo3nc:t5s1t1h-eo5f1M6oD.ritkaolniirtty a(nsdodiRuemprosdaulcttioofn 2o,fd-
S. CA1dh98ee2mm.ai",calCD.onAsgM.eenctuMs.t,ivienKuitSphyeesrt,eAmquJ.ao,tficTHeasnEttnssvvierfiootnr,meAnAst.s.eOs.s,mNeantatinodnoafClanttThoeenc,hEnfiJf.ceacltH.s of Information Service, Springfield, VA.
6. DpAarmpaehcrntiiicacaenmafSgoonrcai.ectoyndAumfceotrriincTgaenstrieSnnogecwiaeMltaytelrifiofarel-scT,yecslt1ei9n8g1t,oxaniPdcrioMtpaoytseetrdeisatSlstsa,wnidtahrdthe Philadelphia, PA.
7. OaaEncCduDt.eDevi1e9ml8mo1o.pbmielniDtsa.apthinoiPnaaritsspe,.s,t)F.r1a4n-cOdera.gyanriezpartoidounctiofonEcteosntomi(cinCcoloupdeirnagtiaonn
8. CFianmnberyi,dgeD.. J. 1971. Probit Analysis. University Press,
9.
SMatyeeprhanandC.J.EL.. H1a9m77e.linkM,etehdosd.s evaluation. American Society
fAorquactailccultaotxiincgoloangyLaC.f.d. hazIanrPd. for Testing and Materials,
L.
Philadelphia, pp. 65-84.
10. U8.2s-.002EPAEs-119,82.PP. En1v-i42r.onmental Effects Test Guidelines, EPA 560/6-
11.
TNeobxeikceirt,y Ao.f and Daphnia
sV.i,lveCir magna.
Kt.o sMctAeuellihfefaed,anR.d Mrsahianrb,owantdrouGt., Stfeavtehnesa,d Environ, Toxicol. Chem. 2:95-104.
m1i9n8n3.ows
12.
Maankdi,p,Ap,DDWT., onandproH.ducEt.ioJnohnasnodn,sur1v9i75v.al oEfffeDcatpshnioaf Bull Environ Contam. Toxicol 13:412-416,
mPaCgBna(ASrtorcaluosrs.R54)
13. OCSfcohnocDbeaenprth,nriaatV.ioPnauslnedxo.fW. thLBeualmlph.eerrtbE:incviidr1eo9n77A,CtornatzEaifmnf.ectoTsnoxigocfroolwS:tuhblea2tn6hd9a-l2r7e7p.roduction
001519
TABLE 1
:
PChortoansisciumEYxopuPnoegsruRfrleeuporroofodoucDctatapnhioennsi!yalfmoangantae:to
Tremagt/Lm.ent Control
n
CumYuoluantgi/vAedulLtive Number
AvYeoruangge/BrNouomdber _BArvogo.dsN/uAmdbueltr
1n
+13960
427
a7
0.26
n
1+6393
b2o6
a7
1.0
7
128430
b25o
a7
2.6
7
1+8269
2E6d
b7o
7.0
6
1#9199
a27
e7S
18.0
7
13278
812
2 2p<80-.d0a5y. exposure dats. Mean 5.3.
Lon3
:
001520
TABLE 2
CPherrofnliucoroEoxcptoasnusrseuloffonDaatpehrniaCommpaganraTeotno Pofotaestsiuamnd 3rd Brood Release Days
Trenagt/mLent
Control
n?
0.26 ~Rt]
1.0
10
2.6
10
7.0
9
18.0
10
p Bp<e0a.k0e5r.s in test.
IRneilteiaasleBrDoaoyd TRehlieradseBroDoady
29
+15
120
215
2
115
20.3
215
190.3
E1S4
10
17
2
001521
Table 3 Acute and ChtroonDiacphnTioaxicmiatgnya:of PAcouttaessiaundm PCherrofnliucoroEoCgcytanesulfonate
ExPpeorisoudre 48-hr
"Cam ReTpatriveoducttiionvoBeCiel)sB/L Immobilization Young/Adult Per Brood
26.6 (25-28)
14 Day
o (121-4i.87)
2
21 day
(111-21.44)
28 day 2 Not calculated.
(101-.134)
1(163.120)
(95A8vg.C.LN.o). Broods/Adule
2
(1143.4718)
001522
TABLE 4
CPoomtpaasrsiisuomnPoefrfltuheoroCohcrotnaincesuElfffoencatsteofto7Daanpdhni1a8 mmagg/nLa
La-pay
21-pay
28-Day
A. 7.0 mg/L:
/Naudmubleer Live Young 59
129
199
Number Dead/Adult 3
Total Number Young 369
Adult Mortality %
0
Ts 793
4.5
4 1220
4.5
5. 18.0 myst
:
N/uamdburetr' Live Young 24
33
37
'
Number Dead/Adult 12
51
54
Total Number Young 249
591
641
Adult Mortality % as
9.1
18.2
Comparison of 7.0 and 18.0 mg/L p<0.05.
:
001523
TABL5E DapAhnciuatem/aCghneaonitco PECoeffsRsaituimosPerFfollluoowrionogctEaxnpeossuulrfeonaotfe,
ExDapyosoufre CYuonuunlga/tAidvuelt CBruomoudlsa/tAidvuelt NYouumnbge/rhdouflt
1
Ls ,
21
1s
28
Lo Ls
Ls
1.5
.
Acute/Chronic
ECgq
Ratio
=
48h
ACcountceenEtfrfaetciton iEnli50c8itoifng Organisms
an
3
E(lFiXcpiotwiunEgsDoufataOCtrhlgroaonnn)iicansCEfofneccetntrinati5o08n
001524
TABLE 6
PerCfhlruoonriococtRaennoewsaullfoTnoaxtiecittyo DofaphPnoitaasmsaigunma,
Days
CYuomuunlga/tAidvuelt 14 21 28
BCruomoudlsa/tAidvuelt YoNuunmgb/eArduolft
28
28
Noe?
7
7
7
7
7
matcerd 1.2 1.2 1.2
1.2
11.2
Cg,
2(41.27-18) (1121.-414) (111.64-13) 1(143.-718) 1(61.31-20)
2 Data in mg/L.
No observable effect concentration.
Maximum acceptable toxicant concentration. ? MATC = Gtheaesvotimnegtcroinnccoenmsteiraganntiifboienctawnehteanvi(nhpgi>0g.ha0e5ss)tigentfieffseitcctacnotnancdc(epnt<0th.er0a5tl)ioownest
effect. Dtoosxeicaantt.whicEhxpr5e0s8seodf aosrgaMneiansms(9a5r8eC.aLf.f)e.cted by t. he
001525