Document EdM8VZb59NJbjRL4ZD6m7j5N

ILLEGIBLE DOCUMENT 143. The pcrnlyr.ir.g t-ffco' occurs .,iuc': jt.jic r lowly tVii rith chloroform. Loccl irritating vl'foct vhcn it is introduced ir.tc gastro-inteetinal tract Ho corneal clouriinr- The antiseptic effect is stronger turn vith pentachlor- cthrnc (JoocV:i..;oi;lu, 1921). Hcxichloretiiane i.r>, without doubt, v/?ry toxic ^iibytance. Ur. frogs* heort.r. it proved to be 10 tinea more effective t>.rn nent&cMoreth&ne. "o liver injury na3 found in dogs cfter inhalation (ilploxf, 1928). Then used in cnical therapeutics, however, Gt.3tro-inte3tinrI irritating symptoms end kid ney injuries were observed (Tauemcux, 1930). Industrial rolsoninrs cro unknown. They r-ould cone into considera tion vith infuatriiil products which contain hexachlorethane, e.g. with spraying. However, the drngcr of r. poisoning by the inhalation of vapors is plight (Li toretiara: Dinz, 1894, Xiessling, 1921, Joschiiooglu, 1921, Maloff, 1923, Tapemoux, 1930). R&S 028227 Monochlorethvlene (Vinyl Chloride)- Forculc: Clio: CHC1 Molecular weight: 62.40. 1 mg. per liter = 391 p.p.m. General properties: b.p. -18C. Easily soluble in alcohol and organic sol vents. Combustible, but less explosive than ether. Gaseous at ordinary temperature. The odor is weak, similar to ethyl chloride, sweetish, tfhen diluted is practically odorless. Colorless gas, hence not a solvent. Nevertheless, the substance will be treated here for the sake of comparison. General character of effect. Local irritating effect very slight. Highly narcotic. Great distance between narcotic and dangerous concentrations General toxic effect very slight. Metabolic injuries have not been detected es yet. Recommended especirlly for supplementary narcosis with laughing gas and oxygen (Schaumann, 1934). Absorption occurs very quickly. * Distribution. In narcosis the blood contains 35-17 mg. %, Elimina tion occurs very quickly, more quickly than rith ether or chloroform. After 10 minutes 8235 was eliminated (Schaumann). Animal experiments. According to experiments carried out by Schaumann (some of which are still unpublished), vinyl chloride Is very suit able for narcosis, that is, for supplementary narcosis, on account of its slight toxicity, its wide range of effect, its low concentration in the blood and its particularly rapid elimination. Within the narcotic limiting doses heart and blood pressure are not influenced to any extent, High concentra tions increase the blood pressure. There are no secondary or after--effects. Nice md rats were able to endure slight vinyl chloride narcosis for 5-8 consecutive days for 4 hours at a time, end every day for four weeks for 1 hour at a tino without liver end kiAey injuries. Dogs, which were able to enduro repeated narcosec, es many as 7 in 3 weeks, each lasting 3 hours at 10 Vol. % shored no considerable organ changes in the liver and kidneys, nth dogs at 20 Vol. % respiratory paralysis, strong flow of saliva, and, after narcosis, vomiting occurred. 144 (131) Further experiments vero carried o.'t by Peoples end assistants, 1933, on nice, rr.tbltj end dops, anc by Patty end esslstcnta, 1930, on guinc; pics* Ther.e futhoro obtained essentially the sane result?,, especial?./ regard to the comparative hermlesmess even after repeated narcosis. According to fcheunmn the narcotic Uniting concentration for humans is 7 - 10 Vol. Above 12 Vol. $ it is dangerous. 20 - 40 Vol. is fatal for guinea pigs in a short tine, 10 Vol. ? is endured for several hours (Patty, Tent, Taite, 1930). For nice tlie smallest concentration rhich is fatal in 10 minutes is 10 - 12 millinol/l = about 25 - 30 VolS, about 3.5 - 5 -dllimol/l = about S - 12 Vol. % is the smallest narcotic concentration (Peoples and Leake, 1933. Death occurs due to respiratory paralysis with resultant arrest of the heart's action. The toxic effect of vinyl chloride is ouch slighter than that of chloroform end that of carbon tetrachloride. According to Patty and assis tants, It is about equal to that of ethyl chloride* According to Schaumann the effect on the heart is even less than that of ether. In animal experiments the respiration Is at first increased, then becones irregular, Is flattened out and slowed down, but it remains regular In narcosis. Dissection. Hyperemia of the lungs and kidneys, pulmonary edema. Schauaann found no serious pathological changes after repeated narcocis in dogs, mice, and rets.- _ Effect on humans. Confusion, intoxication, burning of the eoles ^ the feet and other subjective disturbances, head-aches. Recovery takes place very quickly (Dublin and Vane, 1935). Industrial poisonings are not known. Vinyl chloride is one of the least dangerous of the chlorinated hydrocarbons. R&S 028228 Dlchlorethvlene-f1. g) Symmetrical aichlorethylene, a mixture of cis- And trans- compound. Formula! C^gClj Molecular weight! 96.94. 1 mg. per liter = 25? p.p.a. . General properties! b.p. about 55.0C. Sp. gr, 1.25. Difficultly combus tible, not inflammable, but can be decomposed in open flames. Very volatile. Solvent for acetyl cellulose, resins, waxes; the manufacture of synthetic pearls, the extraction of rubber, the refrigeration industry. ras also used as a narcotic for a time. General character of effect. Strong irritating effect, corneal clouding. Narcosis, muscular spasms. Toxic effect comparatively elight. Metabolic injuries when ths effect lasts for a longer period. The mixture consists cf stereo isomers, the cis form boiling at 59 illegible document#C and the trans form at 48C.