Document EEdLbkM6K9xmNZeJ6gXK6Kk4

E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY KREBS PIGMENTS DEPARTMENT 256 VANDERPOOL STREET NEWARK. NEW JERSEY Serial No. KN-48-8 Copy No. 1 NEWARK PLANT PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT sEia^oRKs d e v e l o p me n t a n d p l a n t d e v e l o p me n t AND STANDARDIZATION OF DIRECT TAKING PROCESS FOR RT-A43-D, Period Covered; March 1944 - January, 1948* FILE; DATE; 7/6/48 N42157 HJM7S Copy to* #1 - Numerical FIX* 2 - Retearch Office (222*21) 3 - Library Filo (222.21) - #10 Building Fil* 5 t* Chalupeki, Plant Filea i 1. F, Spengeaan, Neeark f - Extra Serial Ho. BMM Copy Ho* 1 NEWARK PUNT p ig me n t c o l o r mmmca r b p c r t Final Report Title* Seal-Work* Derelojiaent and Plant Development and Btandardisatien of Direct Baking Proeeca for RT-443-D. Period Covered! March 1944 - January, 194$* Charges 1100-12-30 (AIC-30) SUBMITTED BY* B. J Hess .V APPROVED BY * J* 0, Horriaon Mj w *' . I.&*,** DUP050066950 Upon eouspletion of laboratory study m th* "Duel* Qsrmiiis tonsr dlfost Inking formula, K-1994, (too KH-44-49) 8eiYerks development work oat ttortod la Kerch, 19444 Because of poor wotting and tad dusting ofaaraeterlstios of this color compared oltli th* isolatsd dye* RT443*D standard, lot 3226$, th* process oat returns* to tho laboratory for revision* Ths dusting problem was aelved in tho laboratory by aoo of a treating agent, Resinous Oil 1*1, (100* 18*44*49) and tho proceoo returned to the foal* -York* for etudy la Bopteaber, 1944* The results of this 6*ai*Forks study art rooordod la KH44~69 aad DBJM4-20* Plant development end standardisation work oa the direst laking RT*443*D prooeduro vas started la January, 1945, using the K-2039 proosss ae the basis far the etudy* As is evident titom tbs following discussion the Sosi-Yorks susd plant development study proved to be unusually oemplicatod* The following brief outlil** eovers the etudy chronologically. g-MSa Tsopt?, 1941*) (Feb*, 1942 ) Original laboratory proeess* Insrsaaod batoh else resulting frea Itioirvasod concentration atd ether faotors indlcatsd potential savings of about oloven osats par pound eoapared with ths RT-443-D "isolatsd dys* foraula, K*l50f, Plsadvantagesf poor witting and dusting characteristics, high bulb* Advantagosi lewor oust, improved taxture* Roturnsd to tho laboratory altar short Bead-Yorke study (see KN-43-127 and D8H-43-51)* 1*, 1944[July, 1944 First wall*llas^ diroot laking formula* The uso of slaked liae (calcium hydrate) as a souroe of both calcium and alkali (rsplaolag oauotie aoda and calcium ohlsrldo aa used in K-1552) restated la ' a saving of approximately oao east per pound* 2*1994 typo notarial, ,kSoMMmVavfotVoaa Pa itiiSAi att^ ka^^*^i^"i-g*ga Igyfmfd^wj|f--iiP^wtl*fat*ilam0e^ K-1552 sad oftsr a short Semi-Yorks study (Hareh, 1944) laboratory work was resuasd to correct this disadvantags* laboratory work reported in KH-44-49* Bead-Forks study lo discussed below* RT-44VP. K-2039 Modification of 2-1994, using emulsified Rscinous oil 2*1 as a treating agent to correct wotting and dusting properties* Aft# tho plant la January, 1945* Laboratory work reported In KH-44-49* First 8i-*orks study reported in 28*44-49 (D8H-44-20), Subsequent Sooi-Yorko aad plant development etudloi are discussed below* DUP050066951 tfeMMcJMSl Poor Quality of erode pn&A (replaced purified material "tithosor' acid RSA to realise calculated sewings] aado clarification of tbs sodium salt of the FTMSA eescary* This, is turn, because of sparing solubility of th# calcium salt of FTMSA, activated rotora to uss of oaustio soda instead of slaked liw in the PTSBA solution only* ealelua ohloride van addod to the BOS-sleksd lias slurry to asks up the oaloiua dsfleieaoy resulting iron the change* Plant study uas started in November, 3$4f laboratory and Ses&~Torks study reported in Memo report 1-28-46 (Semi-Works data filed in D8N-45-1) * Pleat sorbs is dleeueeod below* Light assetone results with -2237 wads it necessary to retie* the formula by adding a snail .mount of Tobias aeid to .the PSI8A as an '`accessory* to iaerooso aasetons depth* A slightincrsass In blueness of tint also resulted* The HT-443-D direst1 labing standardt lot 8065t set up in July* 194?, is based on antsrial of thio typo* Plant work using the Tobias aeid variables sat started in Hovsabor, 1946* and is discussed below* m^sdUai Continued difficulty with out-of-line light nasstones dad blue tints node it neosssary to develop variables to obtain Improved control* Return to the "all-lims" formula (X-2039 type|,ue; of the Tobias sold "accessory* intermediate, careful control of coupling and development pH, and, finally* replacement of*:ths Wood with U Qua rosin eorrostod the diffieulty* The standard direst Inking process, BT-443-D {) * issued In December, 1947, was based on this work* Tbs plant study of the *all-lino" " vss resumed in July, 1947, end is dieeueeed below* :i One of the principal problems rosuiting from tbs use of the diroot liking proosss was the abnormally light smsston* ( with the "isolated dytf* produete) obtained with the bodied oil vehicle (H-108) used far normal p#nt standardisation time* Attempts to eerreet the difficulty by formula wars unsuccessful. Tests nade in the .Point laboratory, indicated that llthographio varnish, whisk did not give objectionable light aasstoae oharaoteristic, osuld be for tho bodied linseed oil* The revised testing was issued in January, 1947* Tka Production Division accented snucrwicicB of the direct far RT-443-D nanufaeture in January, 1948# PARENT SITUATION There is no patent restriction in the nanufaeture of direct Inking tDuel" Garniae toner, RT-443-D* St Is not believed that this study has resulted in say \ patentable developments* \ \ DUP050066952 Tbret Sead*Worke betOhee ef BT*443B were made during Ifttreh# 1944, on the 8-1994 procedure (the sew "aU-Haie" direct laking formula for this *Buol" Carmine toner). "Uthoaol" mold RBA# the pure cteadardicod type of the FfHM intermediate, wee ueed la all eaeee* the principal differences between 8*1994 and the original direct inking procedure, K-1552, follw* 1. Slaked liae la filed a the eouree of alkali la 'hath the PfISA and 80S eelutiese replacing cauetio node* fhe liae alee le the aeuree of the ealeiuw precipitant replacing the ealeiaa chloride added to tho BOH iclution la the ease 4f 8-1552* 2 fhe eodlua aeetate buffer le emitted froaa the coupling* 3* fho aodlua roelnate amount le iaereaeed approximately 8* 4* fhe B09I volume for coupling ie out about I5j* 5* Coupling and development ie accomplished at a slightly lover pH (pH 8*3 * 8*8 initiad of pH 10*8 * 11.0) * Although tho goal yield for 8-1994 me ea the lev eide {$$8/uol at eeapared vith $9Q#/m% for 8-1552) a earing of mo emt per pound for 8-1994 compared vith 8*1552 vas indieatod* fhe Semi-Works batches of 8*1994 averaged vo dark and dull ia maaetene, lfi etroagi and slightly yellow and intense ia tint versue the "ieolated dye* Rf*443*8 etaadard, let 32268* Against the laboratory atandard, 8*1994# all of thie production was dark and dull in naeetoae# equal in etreagth# and yollev la tint, & thin aanufaoture had tho elov mixing, high dueting characteristics of 8*1552 tho protean vat returned te the laboratory for further rtudy* Laboratory vork ehowed that a treatment with Beelneue oil X-l would correct the undesirable vetting and dueting characteristic* ef 8*1994 and a new formula, 8-2039, was written bated on the reeulte ef thie study* 8*2039 differed fro* 8-1994 at follows* 1* fhe normal coupling and development pH van increased to 10*0 * 10*4 instead ef 8*3 * 8*8* 2* About 33#/*ol ef Beeiaoue oil 8*1 (emulsified vith a email amount of eodlua roeiaate) *ae addod to the color elurry before heat development. About 6cj( of thie material is retained in the pigment (equivalent to about % based on tho weight of tho oolor) * 3# Coupling ie accomplished at 95F* instead of 104*?* The 8*2039 goal yield figure ef 6l4$/j4l represents a decided inerease (11*^) wtr that for 8*1994* fhe iaereaeed pH of coupling and development ie probably mainly reeposelble for the yield ioprevenmt* DUP050066953 A short BssdUWorke etudy run during 8eptember * Oeiobnr, 1944 and reported in KH-44-69 (too D8S44#20) shewed that toe process was workable nad plant study ana started la January, 1945* Early plant manufacture (January * Tebruary, 1945) at diraot Inking RT-443-D vae baaed m the K-2039 process uaing purified PWSA ("idthseel* neid RBA). Quality of the three batches ami* mitgtd slightly light in masstone, about 8g weak, and allghtly blua to tint versus the "isolated dye" standard, let 32848* Texture, mixing, and dnating eharasteristios were aatiafaetory* 411 of tha early coat andsavlnga ealoulatlona on the direct taking RT-443-D prooaaa had boon baaad on tha uaa of a aatiafaetory crude FMBA available at tha tine at a east of about 50 caata per pound (too purified type, "Lithosol" aoid RBA coat 8o oaata par pound during the sane parted)* Chargee 438-451 of tha crude antarial had been examined to tha laboratory to early .1943 end had given satisfactory reault*. Considerable difficulty was experienced to sbtatoing shipment* of the crude notorial at the tine because of the general shortage of aU organic intermediate* hut finally a shipment ana received (let* 3 end If) * Beth of theae lota vara poor to Quality (dark and dirty to nppenranee and contained a noticeable anount of black insoluble material) coopered vith the earlier receipts of crude naterial* Centaet vith the eupplier, Orohen, indieated that an equipment change at the Ohambero Yorks vae probably responsible for the diffieulty* It vae etated that no improvement to quality of future ahipseatv eould ba guaranteed and that duplication of ip* early aanplea of crude notarial rscslved by tha laboratory vaa vary unlikely. lira plant bntehaa baaad on tha X-2039 prooaea using let* 3 and If of tha entda PTMBA vara node during Juna * July, 1945* Haaulte ohaekad tha laboratory, all betehs* vara dull to meatana* Meanwhile, a laboratory and geal-Werks study designed to eesrreet the diffieulty vaa scheduled. Results indicated that filtration 0f the PTK8A eolation prior to diasetieaticn vculd decrease dullneee of meatone to a aotieaabla extant* At tha eana tins it me recomended that saustle soda instead of slaked lime be mod for dissolving the VtXBK beeauee of the greater solubility of the tedium salt which decreased the probability cf intermediate lent during clarification (ace Mem report 1-28-46* DSl-45-1)* five plant batehss wars made during the latter part ef 1945 using the PTK6A solution clarification revision* Result* indicated that the net variable vould act completely sotv# the dull meatone problem but a definite improvement ins obtained* A new shipment of "crude- material used to three ef theee batches, 1st van found later to be purified PTMSA shipped at crude to onplets an order* .EfeeMphe control In this aerica remained unsatisfactory and verted ever a aids range to depth* Average masstone quality was fairly good (slightly light versus the standard, lot 32268)* A now formula, K-2237, based on the revised preeeee was set up to July, 1?46, as the first direst taking standard formula for Bf-443-D* K-2237 diffsVs from to* previous direct taking procedure, K-2039, as follsva - 1, The batch also is increased to 1.47 awls from 1* mol* * ssst* to the BOB slurry* , DUP050066954 3. Cruds PTH8A is substituted for to* "Litoosol" acid BBA# 4* The alkaline solution of FIMA is treated with Filtered and activated carbon blaok sad elsrifisd prior to dlasotisstioii. 5* Thu dies volume is increased by about 33jC* 6# Drying temperature is definitely sot at 160*1* laboratory drying at M/fa was satisfactory but tha uss of this temperature in to* Seod-torke and plant resulted in under-drying (light-weak-yellcw products) lieaawhile. a * of sontaets wars made with Orthos in an attsnot to toprev* tha eruds FIMA quality situation# to attempt was aada by HswsrkttesssiH nn ><b w o an a standard but Orchem wnld not aaras to this >* of its eomparativtiy good quality (latter A,i to G#K8#, 7/27/4$) Finally, lot 4 (charge 35)# which was of slightly poorer quality, was sst up as a seapresds* standard by Orchem and Newark (letter A.S. to K*0#J* 2/18/46) Neither of these lots was equal in quality to tho original laboratory trial sanples which wars praotioally equal to the purified notarial# to attempt to sot up a plant direst laking: type standard fen BT-443 was unsuccessful* The proposed standard, lot 46884, a blend of four batch#* mods on the X-2237 formula daring the latter part of 1945# was revested bsoauss of unsatisfactory blood in laeqoer over-strips (probably a result of contamination) In eolor, lot 46884 was a tines natch to tho "isolated dye* standard, lot 32268, by tarnish drier rubout but in B-108 twhicls (bodied linseed oil) the masstone was light# This light aasston# offset la tho H-103 tohiclo presented a problem of considerably toportanee in too development of dlraet laking RT-443-D as a najor proportioa of this oeler is standardised for paint use and the H-108 rubout was the official paint standardisation test at tho tine# Investigation of tho tshiels variation was serried on to conjunction with the formula study# Manufacture on too X-2237 process was continued during July and August, 1946# Nine batohos were ends# AH of this production averaged light# slightly dull in nasstons and slightly bias and dall to tint to H-108 vehicle* In varnish dryer, masstonss averaged sloes to too standard# let 32268# to undesirable characteristic of those batohos was weakness of tint# In testing those batches It was notsd that long rubout series (7 or 8 sanploo) rubbed on to# Hoover aullor gave poor duplication of masstene rooulto and a definite tendency toward light aaestones* Heating up of the anllor with prolonged mo was Indicated at a possible reason for this meetone tiamge and h**!#--was used in nil subsequent 'work# Because of the continued production of light seestone naterlal it was decided to introduce snail mounts (up to 10 pounds par 1*47 nol bateh) of Tobias acid ("Uthoeei" acid TOB) into too FTM8A diaso to toertase depth of nasotOBO# His asterial had been suocsssfully used to the laboratory as a dash nasstons variable. He slight increase to blueness of tint resulting toon adding t|e Tobias sold -was acceptable to Bales* Production on the Modified K-2237 fornula continued intermittently toon November, 1946, to July, 1947# Party seven batches were nude during this parted# Variables tried and too results obtained fellow* 1# Variation to Tobias sold toon none to ton pounds par l#47 ml bateh gavi ths expected results# Batches without the "accessory* wars light to masstons by DUP050066955 both B-108 oil ftnd varnish dryer rubout, about % weak and slightly blue ia tint versus the standard, lot 32268* Ton pound additions pu dash, dull aesstonss ia both vehicles, and bluo and (toll tints. Results ijniieAtidithat the ust of four pounds of Tobias oid would given a fairly oloso approximation to standard depth in varnish drier (light ia B-108 oil) and somewhat bluer tint. Hon-duplicability of the formula, particularly in masstone and tinting strength (considerable tendency toward production of light maesteae and weak tints) , made olose oontrol ef masstone difficult even with the use of lib Tobias acid variable. 2. Results showed that slete oontrol of coupling and development pH was necessary far satisfactory strength* Oontrol of coupling pH by pH adjustment of the 1*9318/1 before diasotisatios #nd of the BOH slurry before adding the sodiuh rcsiaats gave only fair control, host etreagth results in this series tore obtained under the following oonditionst a. pH ef the FTB8A Tobias acid before diasotleationt 10.0 * 10.5| adjusted with caustic coda or hydrochloric acid before clarification. b. pH of the BOH - line slurry* 10.3 - 10.7| adjusted with caustic cods or hydrochloric acid before addition of the sodiua resinnte. c. Coupling pHi 7,0 - 9.0 not adjusted. Couplings in the pH 10,0 - 11.0 range ground cut weak in tint. d. Development pH* 9.8 10 .2 adjusted before addition of the Resinous oil X-l with caustic soda or hydrochloric acid. Adjustment of pH before development can be used to oontrol (polity oentrary to original laboratory reports, tosetone control was poor oven with satisfactory strength performance, tony of the batches were light with normal amounts of Tsbiaa acid *3-4 pound!) : Dark nasstons products wore only obtains* by theuee of increased amounts ef tho acesssory (8-10 pounds) which also gives increased dullness ef masstone and blueness and dullness of tint. 3. Omission of the Resinous oil X-l gave an approximate 105 inoreaes in strength and an improvement in texture at the expense of pear vetting eharaeterietiee. A redueed amount (25 pounds instead of 49 pounds in the l4f mol batch) teemed to give a slight strength laprovement without affecting vetting to any extent. 4. A Semi-Works study (6 batches made during January, 1949) indicated that better aaestone and strength oontrol could be obtained if the ealeium shlorlde was added to tho PBISA solution aftor elarlfioation inetead of to the BQH-lime elurry. the amount also was increased (147 pounds instead of 104 pound* per 1,47 mol batch) to aero closoly approaoh tho exeoso of oalelua salt present in tho K-2039 nil-lias process. Subsequent plant experience indicated that a slight advantage resulted and this change vac introduced into tho plant X-2237 procedure. The above vehicle change made it posoibla to coleet Iron current manufacture tho component* of a blond that would give a reaeenably eloeo mateh to the ^isolated dye* RT-443-D standard, let 32268, accordingly, a mix of eix plant batches mads during February and torch, 1947, let 80657* was set up as the RT-443-D direct laking otandard in July, 1947* DUP050066956 A rubout comparison of the now versus the old standard follow*t Lot 6o657 t o lot 32268* ft light * fft blue - OK * bit* toluene bleed* ft worse. AfMnli baatsd thi cr&sciB otod for the etsnilairtH titl fin materiel flit issued la June* 1947# to standard ET-443-D, K-2489. flit process ftt subsequently designated RT-443-fl (A) K-248? differed fro* the presiemifreess*, K-223T, t follow** 1* Approximately 0#f mol % Tobias teid (3 pounds ptr 1*4| mol batch) ms substituted fa* of tho PfKSd It iht ditto, This lsoFiuii mitOM distb at til# *> of a slightly duller massteae td slightly bluer tad duller tint* 2. Tho pH of tho FTMS4 - Tobias told solution before clarification nut decreased fro* 10*0 - 11.0 to 10*0 * 10*5. Tide ehaage ms atdo to lows* coupling pH tad to obttlo more consistently mtisfaetery msitteue oad strength. 3* Tho csloium chloride too added to tho PTM&A toiutloa instead of to tho Sit slurry* The voight u increased from 104 to 147 pounds* Both of ihtte changes gtft a closer approximation to the original -2039 (all-lime) process tad tteatd to giro slightly hotter quality sbntrol* 4* The BOB slurry me adjusted to t pH of 10*3 * 10*7 isotoad of 10*8 - n*0 before coupling, this ehaago ms site a faster !a controlling coupling pH to obtain isproved quality performance. 5* Tho ocupling mo adjusted to t pH of 9*6 - 10.2 iaotoad of 10*0 * 10.4 bofero adding tho resinous oil emulsion and hoot development. 6* tho reeinoua oil amount me decreased fro* 49 to 25 pounds* Sfttt following ths change of standard pigment, performance with the *2489 grosses mi poori most of tho hotshot ground oat ths light tido. Increasing tho Tobias aoid gam darker s&sstsat but tint* were too blue end dull* Tbit necessitated further development work in tho plant and Bead-forks to oerreot the difficulty* Finally, it ms decided to return to the -2039 (all-lime) formula sa a basis for plant production in order to scours better quality seatrol* that la, darker oasstoas aad yellower tint* Plant production using * modified -2639 procedure ms started in duly* 1947# Forty-eight batches mrt mads during tho period July* 1947 to January, 1948# Early moistens parfsrnaaee ms only slightly better than that obtained vltb the -2489 process but* gradually, ths quality me brought under eeatrol* Luring the oouroe of ths eork the following mriablee were etudiedt 1, Variations in tho Tobias sold raagiag from omission to addition of | pounds per batch. The use of 4 pounds oosaod to gift tho most oonsisteat mteh for .standard* DUP050066957 2. Results indicated tint tetter control see the Tobias told see " - added to the lias solution of PTKSA after clarification. Tee pH adjustments of the HRS& solution, one before filtration (to obtain good solubility and Out dovn lees of PTiffiA in the press) end one after tbs Tobias aeid (to obtain optimum coupling pH) were aade necessary by this change. Hecemaendsa for the initial adjustment is a pH of 9*0 9*5 and for the final a pH of 9.5 20*5* . '4, ; 1* As plant graduation ooatiausd out of liaeoa tbe light side a Seal-Works series of nine batehss wars aade during September * October, 19*7 in an attespt- to AaNNikwm a dark iilpiibli vith i alBliitt t&ts! alfidts All &t 4k# "" Bead-Works experimental batches ground Out darker'and stronger than tbe standard, lot 80657 owes ehea the Tobias aeid eat omitted* ft was sloe noted that batches aade without clarification using puifttdd PTUSA sere darkor then usual in monotone, It was concluded froa this that rapid .processing of the IWi solution (measuring froa tbe stirring together of the PTOSA end the slaked Use to tho addition of the aeid for diasotisation (this included the tins for ol&rification) gave Maximum depth and strength. Accordingly, tile plant operation wae re-arranged to reduoe the stirring time of tho PT*ISAliB solution to a minimum, By scheduling the of the BOH""lias slurry and oleou,*up of the olarifieatioa press before addition of tho FTMS& to tho slaked lias ii wee found possible to out tho over-all stirring tins of the PTitiA solution ttm about four hours to about two hours. In tile Sesd-Works, the same aeration . takes one hour. Although no appreciable improvement in oasstene depth or In tinting strength was noted in the plant the change was retained ae potentially establishing a wore controllable process. 4. Separate diasotlsation and addition of the Tobias aeid dlaso showed no advantage in the Send-Works or plant. 5* Substitution of II Qua for K Weed rosin gave a decided improvement in maestonetint relationship. With the U Qua rosin it was found possible by a proper combination of variables to obtain dark, yellow shading material, A product of this type was almost impossible to oanufaeture when using K Weed rosin. Tbe present standard foroula, RT-44-3-D (B) , baaed en the information developed daring thle period, wae issued in December, 19*7. RT-443- (B) differs from the A* formula (2*89) as follows* 1* The formula is set up on a step wise basis. 2. flaked lisa ie substituted for caustic soda for use in dissolving the tMU The calcium chloride added to the PTHSA in the *A* foroula is aitiedv 3. The Tobias aeid accessory amount is increased to 14 ool# (4 pounds instead ef 3 pounds) * The Tobias aeid Is sided after the PTKSA solution clarification# 4. The FTHSA solution pH before elarifieation is lowered to 9*0 * 9.5 to decrease the *saltla$dlMPe<feet noted In higher alkali concentrations. 5. For bait# control of coupling the PTMSA-Tcbiae aeid solutionis adjusted after clarification to a pH of 9.5 * 10.5. DUP050066958 6# The over-all stirring tins of the PThSA solution before diasotioation it held to e saaxiimun of 2-1/2 hours for better quality control* 7* The diaso volume is cut by approximately 2$* @ The pH of the BOS slurry before coupling is increased to 10*8 * 11*0* 9* It Cum recto is substituted for K Wood recto* 10* Ths pB for development ie increased to 10*0 - 10*4* Foilowing is a tabulation of the pleat yield performance and the approximate Savings possible' with each direct taking process compared vith "isolated dye?* formula, JMLS8?> Number ef 8-1552 (1 mol) K-2039 (1 ml) K-2237 ) RT-443-B (A)) RT-443-B (B) 8 61 48 % of Gcal Yield (fa4,,p8j:.it4l.a?U 98.% 99.4* 102*$ approximate savtogs to mill cost per 100# samsal. .rtiMcUSr* truoo 16*00 20*00 20*00 The Production Division accepted supervision of the direot taking proeess for ST-443-B manufacture to January, 1948* RT-44VD The rosiaated calcium salt of the coupling of fTHOt dia*o and Beta hydroxy naphthoic acid. About 264 of calcium reeiaste to present to the finished toner* MUSA Pata toluidtoe seta sulfonic acid. SMSfrialS.mM.m rurmed mm* non # Beta hydroxy naphthoic sold. >> ^geblas Acid Beta napbtbytamtoe- 1 sulfonic aeid. ' . to oily produetofl04 * origin# It has no aeid number. Flash point 250*f* min. Supplier* Seville Company, Pittsburg. f*fffrr,wr t Mm %Cf:ja ltcwmiutimmu hydr' oxftidAef# chemical grade tehina Preparation of the finished pigment firm the basic inter mediates uithout ^isolation orrremeval of the mother liquor fro# the dyestuff* RT-443-0 Seal-Works DSH-48-4* RT-443-D Plant d bh -48-5 Parts I-II-III-IY. DUP050066959