Document DvpY2wwXw2M3VRj03Xd6LpxRN

E-. I. d u Po n t d e Ne mo u r s PIGMENTS DEPARTMENT L, A, SCHLAPFE CHESNUT RUN ( CCs P, G, LINSEN -,F F-,. ERICH 4Y //Q|t OS-l,* OSTlKRuUVVCE-NliEtHWHAARKI\ / ^2%,. w,. s t e w a r t /h ,w , l in g -c h e s n u t r u n L J, R, v /e b s t e r -c h e s n u t r u n Yo u r l e t t e r d is c u s s e d h o w a t r u e c o w l e s d is p e r s ib l e p r o d u c t COULD RESULT IN LARGE-SCALE NEW BUSINESS FOR US RELATIVELY QUICK LY, I AGREE WITH YOUR REASONING, ALTHOUGH WE NEED NEW BUSINESS RIGHT NOW, IT IS NOW FORECAST THAT BY 1977 THERE WILL BE INADEQUATE NEWARK FINISHING CAPACITY, WITH THIS SITUATION. AROUND THE CORNER, THERE IS LITTLE INCENTIVE TO PUT ON AN INTENSIVE DRIVE TO DEVELOP SUCH A PRODUCT, FOR NOW, IT WOULD BE BETTER TO ATTACK THIS BETA FLUSH MARKET WITH OUR HIGH-SOLIDS PRESSCAKE, I. BELIEVE R&D SHOULD CONTINUE WORK ON THIS PRODUCT, BUT ON A LOWER-PRIORITY BASIS, BECAUSE: AS DISCUSSED ABOVE, THERE IS NO NEED FOR SUCH A PRODUCT OVER THE NEXT FEW YEARS TO FILL CAPACITY, NOR IS IT EXPECTED THIS PRODUCT WOULD BE PROFITABLE, ENOUGH TO REPLACE OTHER DR'rTONERS, (SINCE THE PRODUCT WOULD COMPETE AGAINST FLUSHES, PRICING WOULD EQUAL REGULAR TONERS DURING STRONG ECONOMIC PERIODS, BUT FALL DRAMATICALLY DURING .WEAK PERIODS. OWE MAY BE ABLE TO GET AT THIS MARKET ANYWAY WITH DEWATERED PRESSCAKES.,- AND WHILE R&D EFFORT SHOULD .CONTINUE ON ET-476-B, IT SHOULD DO SO SLOWLY UNTIL WE SEE HOW DEWATERED PRESSCAKES PERFORM, . Ho w e v e r , d u e t o u n c e r t a in t ie s in o u r s a l e s f o r e c a s t in g a n d THE POSSIBILITY THAT WITH IN FIVE YEARS WE COULD HAVE EXPANDED CPC FINISHING CAPACITY, IT SHOULD BE CLEAR THAT THERE STILL IS HIGH INTEREST IN THIS PRODUCT, CFR/k s c C, F, ROLLE N35389 Beta-ph t ha! ocyan i ne Pigment Easily dispersible 50% screen mass tone Irgalite Blue LGLD is a new type of easily dispersible beta-phthaiocyanine pigment, . designed for superior lithographic and letterpress inks. And is in powder form only. Special manufacturing treatment enables the . pigment to retain these excellent properties in any practical oil-based binder system forprinting inks. ------- 1------ - Compared to conventional beta-phthalor-yanine blues, Irgalite Blue LGLD offers the adva tages of: better wettability, faster dispersion, superior flow properties, brighter shades, greater color strength, higher gloss. ' f. Use of irgalite Blue LGLD reduces the cost of printing ink production by reducing millingtime30-50% over conventional beta-phthaiocyanine pigments. In particular, it reduces the roll milling operation from threeorfourpasseSto just one. Compared to flushed phthalocyanine blues, Irgalite Blue LGLD offers greaterversatiiity, better inventory control and better money value. Fastness properties of Irgalite Blue LGLD are fully up to the standards of the equivalent conventional phthalocyanine blue pigments. DUP050109410 ' Processing Operations Binders i | As with most pigment operations, use of proper equipment and attention to the usual processing `regimen will achieve the full, manifold advantages of Irgalite BlueLGLD. In particular. '{a) High speed mixing equipment should be used, such as the Cowles Dissolver', :he Molteni mixeri2, or similar alternates (Diaf, Drais, Lehmanh, Torrance, etc.) in which the impellers rotate at 1200 to 1500 rpm. Impellers operating at less than 1200 rpm cannot provide theshear force required to effectively disperse the pigment. (b) The ratio of rotating disc to container, measured at a diameter, should be between 2/3 and 1/2. A smaller ratio, such as 1/3, would decrease the dispersion because of the formation of "idle points" in the rotating mass. The Molteni impeller is an exception to this rule. Here, a relatively small disc is mounted on an eccentric shaft. The working principle, based on a fixed scraper bladeand rotating mixing vessel, gives excellent dispersion results. Since the pigment is the most expensive ingredient in printing inks, it is not necessary to stress any furtherthe commercial significance of easily dispersible Irgalite Blue LGLD. It may be used with a wide choice of resins to satisfy the differences in paperquality, the type and speed of the printing machine, the drying equipment, etc. Although ink makers rarely reveal the exact formulations they adopt.it may be said generally, that phenolic and maleic resins are bodied together with linseed oil and mineral oils to"make an oil-based binder system. Quite , usual variations include the use of alkyd resins, jjwaxes, gelled varnishes, dehydrated castor oil, <*nd soy bean oil. The recommended processing technique consists in making a pigment concentrate in the bindersystem, which after dispersion, is j reduced to the required pigment concentration, e.g., 15%, by adding more binder and solvents. be added a triple roil mill. Its important functions in deaeration, homogenizing, and providing a finishing polish to the printing ink are described on page 4. the vehicle of a bindersystem are the vehicle's capacity for wetting the pigment powder, and the vehicle's viscosity. Poor wetting properties in the vehicle result in a lon'ger dispersing time and inferior dispersion quality. The recommended viscosity for the vehicle is 100-350 poises. Higher viscosities, e.g., more than 400 poises, might cause problems due to the temperature rising too fast on mixing. At the other extreme, low viscosity binders may impair or slow down dispersion because of the reduced shearing action. The viscosity of the binder should be in the 60-150 poises range. i Morehouse International. Los Angeles. California 2' Mottem,Senago: Uaty i I DUP050109411 Processing Techniques Phase 1 - Wetting-Out of the Pigment The normal procedure for incorporating Irgalite Blue LGLD in a binder system is to add the pigment in two equal portions, because the decreases towards the end. Phase 3- Dispersion Quality Test After the dispersion step is completed and before the other components are added, a small sample of the dispersion is given a finishing and deaeration pass on the triple rol 1 mil I. Then the quality of dispersion is controlled so that a grindo meter test reading is not greater than 5 microns. For a batch of 200-1,000 pounds of ink, in the first stage, half of the pigment is added to the initial fraction of low viscosity varnish or gei. (The other components, such as waxes, ' mineral oils, petroleum derivatives,driers, Wil l be added at a later stage. The pigment concentration in the initial varnish fraction should not exceed 30%, since at higher concentrations the dispersibility is adversely 1 affected. This initial mixture is stirred for 2-4 minutes at about 700 rpm. Then, the rest of the pigment is added and the mixture is again stirred for2-47rTlrTtite at 700 rpmto com plete the two-stage wetting-out phase. Phase 2 - Dispersion After the pigment has been wetted, the actual dispersion is conducted in a high speed mixer for30minutes at 1300-1500 rpm. During this If the dispersion is satisfactory, ail other ingredients are poured into the mixing vessel and the whole milling charge is homogenized. _ Phase 4 - Finishing Pass " At this stage, the product is given one pass over a triple roll mill to de-aerate the ink after the mixing process and to give a final polish. The working conditions here may be chosen by the ink maker. An output of 130-175 lbs ./hr., fora roli width of 20 inches, is possible. The roll pressure, which can be as low as 175 Ibs/in.2 or as high as 875 Ibs/in.2. depending Von the type, is obviously important for the smoothness ofthefinished ink. For irgalite Blue LGLD, an average roll pressure of 175/in.2 is required. Aroll pressure of 110 lbs/in.2is considered light; 300 lbs/in.2 as strong. the first 10 minutes, to l8.0Finj ienext10 minutes, and in the final 10 minutes, it might go s high as 230 F. This temperature increase is inevitable due to the attrition forces generated in the rotating mass. It has no negative effects, however, provided that the evaporation of petroleum derivatives does not induce a substantial change of viscosity in the system. During the30 minute mixing interval, it is possible to follow the progress of dispersion by means of a grindometer or by microscopic examination, A fineness of dispersion of less than 5 microns is obtained. DUP050109412 ' Review The advantages of Irgalite Blue LGLD are clearly identified in superior physical properties of the finished ink, in a30-50% reduction in milling time and therefore in a higher production rate for printing inks. Conventional pigment powders are usually dispersed on the triple roll mill, where 3or4 passes are required, irgalite Blue LGLD requires only 1 pass over the tripie roll mill since dispersion takes place in the high speed disperser. If, however, the ink maker is not equipped with a high speed disperser, Irgalite Blue LGLD can be perfectly dispersed an d homogenized on the triple roll mill, like conventional pigment powders, using 2-3 passes. The time saving, therefore, is still quite appreciable; and the other advantages over conventional phthalocyanine toners, such as bettergloss, more homogeneous print lay, better flow properties, etc., are retained. Irgalite Blue LGLD also offers greater versatility, better inventory control, and better money value than flushed phthalocyanine blue. '* * Pigments Department CIBA-GEIGY Corporation Ardsley, New York 10502 Ie|ephone914 4783131, Ext. 2968 '"''Min USA Important Note: The information and/ecommendailons contained in lhis publication are based upon data collected by CJBA-GEIGY and believed ;to be correct. .However, noguarantee or warranty of any kind, expressorimplied, ismade withrespect to the information contained herein, and.CIBA-GEIGVassumes horespbnsibility ior the results of the useof products and processes described herein. No statement or recommendations made herein are tp beconstruedas inducements lo infringe anyrelevantpatent, now or hereafterinexistence. District Offices: 5677 N. Northwest Highway, Chicago 60641 Phone: 312-775-6272 5801 Sheila St., Los Angeles 90022 Phone: 213-685-6480 DUP050109413 August 1,1974 A Easily Dispersible Pigments IRGALITEL IRGALITE Yellow LBAW IRGALITE Blue LGLD Price per pound $4.90 Standard container 44 pounds No repack available Terms Net 30 days Delivery F.O.B., shipping point Minimum transportation allowed to destination All prices subject to change without notice ..'i.j&rli.i'a.^.v Pigments Department CIBA-GEIGY Corporation Ardsley, New York 10502 914 4783131 DUP050109414 Stir-In Pigments for Paints IRGALITE Yellow PDS1 % 0 20 40 60 80 100 Pigment Yellow 1 larylamide G IRGALITE Yellow PDS2 Resin Pigment Yellow3:arylamideyellpw 10G Resin SolldS ' MM NWM IRGAUTEYellowPDS1 and IRGALITE - ,-t Yellpw PDS2are easily dispersible pigments. Fastness Properties They are supplied in g ran ule form for ease pf Baking 300 F maximum handling and reduced dusting. Solvent resistance poor t* Overpainting poor Both of these pigments disperse rapidly and Chemical resistance good ' efficiently in high-speed mixing equipment to give improved strength, cleaner shade and Light Fastness higher gloss in paint than can be obtained with conventional arylamide yellow pigments. IRGALITE Yellow PDS1 and IRGALITEYellpw PDS2 both retain shade and strength when dispersed at elevated temperatures. Full strength Color: TiOj 1:1 1:25 1:200 . excellent excellent medium fair Although particularly recommended for use with high-speed dispersion equipment, these IRGALITE PDS pigments readily disperse on roll millsand on the wide range of milling equipment availabletoday. Technical Information IRGALITE Yellow PDS1 Oil absorption 56 Specific gravity 1.45 IRGALITE Yellow PDS 2 43 ' 1.67 Dispersion with Cavitation Mixers High-speed mixerformulafions vary appre ciably, and a fixed recommendation is not possible. Thediagram shows the areas of maximum efficiency in mixers of the Cowles dissolver or Torrance mixer type with IRGALITE Yellow PDS1 or IRGALITEYellow PDS2 in a long oil soya afkyd. 4 Pigments Department C1BA-GEIGY Corporation Ardsley, New York 10502 Important Note The information and fecommendationscontajncd in this publication are based upon datacoileCted byCIBA-GEIGY and believedto.be correct. However, no guaranteeor warranty ot any kind express or Implied, is made with respect to theJnformationpresentedand C18A-GEIGYassgmesno'responsipitity.for the results of productsand processes described. No statement orrecom.,<*'>dAtion madehereinareto be construed asinducements to '/ relevant patent, now or hereafter in existence. C27 1M6? DUP050109415 DISTRIBUTION 1. E. Gonick, Pigm., Wilmington/Newark Library 2. E. E. Jaffe, Pigm., Newport/Circulate and File 3. Newport Library 4. W. S. Struve/B. H. Perkins/H. Matrick/Library 5. J. P. Galvin/A. P. Smith/A. R. Hanke/Library 6. J. Jackson 7. Newark Numerical File - 223.41 8. Newark Library Central Report Index 9. Newark Library - Central Report Index 10. Extra 11. Extra ` 12. Extra ( \\ DUP050109416