Document DMxvaDQrGrY5e5aD8KwYX8xYo

318 NOTES TO PAGES 137-42 opment of cancer. We do not know why Seeger's research caught his eye (it involved the use of the newly invented electron microscope), but his offer of 500 RM per month does suggest he was paying some attention to cancer re search. See Karl Brandt to Hans-Heinrich Lammers, 4.2.3.40 R43 U/1226b, Bundesarchiv Potsdam (hereafter BAP). We also have the testimony of the SS doctor Wilhelm Keppler in the Foreign Office, who on October 14,1944 wrote to Himmler, "I know that the Fiihrer is especially interested in the question of how to combat cancer" (Grawitz file, BDC). 53. The psychohistorian Rudolf Binion is the author of this oft-repeated speculation; see Schenck, Patient Hitler, pp. 518-24. 54. Felix Kersten, The Kersten Memoirs: 1940-1945, trans. C. Fitzgibbon and J. Oliver (New York: Macmillan, 1957), pp. 41-42, 294. 55. Schenck, Patient Hitler, p. 30. 56. Emst-Gunther Schenck, Ich sah Berlin Sterben (Herford: Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1970), p. 18. 57. Ibid., pp. 43-44. 58. Ibid., p. 44. 59. Ibid., pp. 44-45. 60. Schenck, Patient Hitler, p. 29. 61. Roger Manvell and Heinrich Fraenkel, Hess: A Biography (New York: Drake Publishers, 1973), pp. 64-65. 62. Helmut Heiber, Goebbels, trans. J. K. Dickinson (New York: Hawthorn, 1972), p. 232. 63. "Kleine Mitteilungen," Vertrauensarzt und Krankenkasse 5 (1937): 96. 64. The archives of the Deutscher Verein gegen den Missbrauch geistiger Getranke, later renamed the Deutscher Verein gegen den Alkoholismus, were destroyed by fire in 1944 or 1945. The best bibliography of early alcohol re search is Mark Keller, ed.. International Bibliography of Studies on Alcohol (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies, 1966). An earlier bibli ography assembled by Emil Abderhalden (Bibliographic der gesamten wissenschaftlichen Literatur iiber den Alkohol und den Alkoholismus [Berlin: Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1904]) contains several dozen entries on the topic of human "spontaneous combustion." 65. "1883-1933: 50 Jahre Deutscher Verein gegen den Alkoholismus," Auf der Wacht 50 (1933): 18-20. 66. Geoffrey J. Giles, "Student Drinking in the Third Reich," in Drinking: Behavior and Belief in Modem History, ed. Susanna Barrows and Robin Room (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1991), pp. 132-43. 67. Robert J. Karp et al., "Fetal Alcohol Syndrome at the Turn of the Twen tieth Century," Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 149 (1995): 45-48. 68. See Brian Katcher, "The Post-Repeal Eclipse in Knowledge about the Harmful Effects of Alcohol," Addiction 88 (1993): 729-44; also Philip J. Pauly, "How Did the Effects of Alcohol on Reproduction Become Scientifically Un interesting?" Journal of the History of Biology 29 (1996): 1-28. 69. Hermann Haberlin, "Ueber Verbreitung und Aetiologie des Magenkrebses," Deutsches Archiv fur klinische Medizin 44 (1889): 475-76 and 496-99; a NOTES TO PAGES 142-45 319 good review is Christoph Ludewig, Beitrage zur Statistik des Speiserdhrenkrebses (Gottingen: Med. diss., 1905). 70. Karl B. Lehmann, Kurzes Lehrbuch der Arbeils- und Gewerbehygiene (Leip zig: S. Hirzel, 1919), pp. 58-59. 71. Staemmler, "Beruf und Krebs," p. 122. 72. Schuller, "Gibt es eine Predisposition?" p. 829. 73. Hems Doerfler, "Zur Frege der Vererbbarkeit des Krebses," Monatsschrift fur Krebsbekdmpfung 10 (1942): 45. 74. Liek, Der Kampf, p. 21. 75. "Stand im Zeichen des Alkoholverbotes," Aufder Wacht 50 (1933): 38 and 77; Giles, "Student Drinking," p. 134. 76. Werner Brecht and Wilhelm Messer, Alkohol Volk Stoat, 3d ed. (Berlin: Reichsgesundheitsverlag, 1941), p. 34. Hitler's remarks were first published in the Volkischer Beobachter on March 31, 1926. Commenting on his speech, the editors noted that the Fiihrer had not intended to deny a comrade his occa sional glass of beer but simply wanted to indicate "how easily a man forgets his duty under the influence of alcohol." Hitler once claimed to have given up alcohol in 1905, after drinking himself into a stupor celebrating his Realschule graduation; during the Second World War he sometimes drank beer to put himself to sleep, though he apparently worried that this would make him fat (Schenck, Patient Hitler, p. 33). 77. Prof. Dr. Immanuel Gonser, "Zeitwende!" Auf der Wacht 50 (1933): 37. Gonser had directed the Antialcoholism Association for more than thirty years; he was replaced in 1937 by Ernst Bauer. 78. "Von der goldenen Jubilaumsfeier unseres Vereins," Auf der Wacht 50 (1933): 78-80. The "Fiihrer" of the new organization was Fritz Bartels; the chair was Immanuel Gonser; see Vertrauensarzt 1 (1933): 72. The Reichsstelle gegen die Alkohol- und Tabakgefahren, based in Berlin-Dahlem, grew out of the older Deutscher Verein gegen den Alkoholismus; the new organization even tually swallowed up most of Germany's religious temperance organizations. The Reichsstelle was organized in typical Nazi fashion, with a Gaustelle in all Gauen and a Kreisstelle in all Kreisen; the leaders in each region are listed in "Gaue der Reichsstelle gegen die Alkohol- und Tabakgefahren," Aufder Wacht 57 (1940): 60-62. The bureau was mainly involved in propaganda but was also involved in coordinating distribution of alcohol-free drinks, supervising ads, administering the state's three hundred Trinkerberatungsstelle and three hun dred Trinkerfiirsorgestelle, and so forth. On pre-Nazi organizations, see Chris tian Stubbe, "Deutscher Verein gegen den Alkoholismus 1883-1933," Auf der Wacht 50 (1933): 1-3 and 18-20. 79. Max Fischer, "Die Alkoholgefahr," Offentlicher Gesundheitsdienst 1 (1935): 202-4. 80. "Berichte," Offentlicher Gesundheitsdienst 1 (1935): 202-4; Die Genussgifte 35 (1939): 57, 65. 81. "Stand im Zeichen des Alkoholverbotes," Aufder Wacht 50 (1933): 38,77. 82. Brecht and Messer, Alkohol Volk Stoat, pp. 26-28. 83. Ibid., pp. 14-16. There were 266,400 traffic accidents in Germany in 1937, and 10,014 traffic deaths in 1935. According to police records, 5,600 of the