Document DL51D1oQmpQ0zkZ7Q2aayDEa

*ICAN NATIONAL] ANSI/ASTM C 700 - 77 STANOAROHV AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING ANO MATERIALS 1916 Mac* Si., NtiiadMpma, *.. 19103 flpnmd Irom ih Annual Book o ASTM Siandaftfi. Copyright ASTM II not linad m rht curiam combined Indn. will apocar # (ha navt edition Standard Specification for VITRIFIED CLAY PIPE, EXTRA STRENGTH, STANDARD STRENGTH, AND PERFORATED*1 This Standard is issued under the fixed designation C700; the number immediate!) following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. This specification has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense and for listing in the DoD Index of Specifications and Standards. 1. Scope 1.1 This specification establishes the crite ria for acceptance of extra strength and stan dard strength vitrified clay pipe and fittings to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water; and extra strength perforated and standard strength perforated vitrified clay pipe to be used for underdrainage, filter fields, leaching fields, and similar subdrainage installations. Note 1 - The values stated in U.S. customary units are to be regarded as the standard. Note 2 --Attention is called to ASTM Recom mended Practice C 12, for Installing Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines,1 ASTM Specification C425, for Compression Joints for Vitrified Clay Pipe and Fittings,1 and ASTM Tentative Recommended Practice C 828, for Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitri fied Clay Pipe Lines (4 to 12-in.).1 2. Definitions 2.1 Clay, fire clay, shale, and surface clay are as defined in ASTM Definitions C 43, Terms Relating to Structural Clay Products.1 3. Materials and Manufacture 3.1 Vitrified clay pipe shall be manufac tured from fire clay, shale, surface clay, or a combination of these materials that, when formed into pipe and fired to suitable temper atures, yields a product that is strong, dura ble, serviceable, free of objectionable defects, and conforms to this specification. 4.1.2 The number of specimens to be tested shall not exceed 0.5 % of the number of pipe of each size furnished, except that no less than two specimens shall be tested. 4.1.3 If any of the test specimens fail to meet the requirements, the manufacturer will be allowed a retest on two additional speci mens for each one that failed. The pipe will be acceptable if all the specimens for retest meet the requirement. 4.1.4 If, subsequent to an initial pipe strength failure, the accuracy of the testing machine is questioned, at the request of the manufacturer, the machine may be recali brated and a retest made or a retest may be made upon a machine of known accuracy. 4.2 Absorption: 4.2.1 The absorption of vitrified clay pipe shall not exceed 8 percent. 4.2.2 If any of the test specimens fail to meet the absorption requirements, a retest will be allowed, and the pipe accepted as provided in 4.1.3. 4.3 Hydrostatic Pressure Test: 4.3.1 As an alternative to the absorption test, the manufacturer may, at his option, apply a hydrostatic pressure test to all of the pipes subject to test in each size and run of the pipe. 4.3.2 When the pipe is subjected to an 4. Physical and Chemical Requirements 4 1 Crushing Strength: 4 1.1 Pipe shall meet the crushing strength requirements of Table 1 1 This specification is under ihe jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-4 on Vitrified Clay Pipe Current edition approved Nov 25, 1977 Published January 1978. Originally published as C700- 71 T Last previous edition C 700 - 75 1 Annua1 Book of ASTM Standards, Part 16. PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT 413 CTD000654 C 700 internal hydrostatic pressure of 10 psi (68.9 kPa) for the elapsed time shown in the follow ing table, there shall be no leakage on the exterior of the pipe. Moisture appearing on the surface of the pipe in the form of beads adhering to the surface shall not be considered leakage. However, moisture which starts to run on the pipe shall be construed as leakage regardless of quantity. Hydrostatic Pressure Test Times Thickness of Barrel. in. (mm) Test Time, min Up to and including 1 (25) Over l (25) and including l l/i (38) Over 1 Vi (38) and including 2 (51) Over 2 (51) and including 2'/z (64) Over 2Vi (64) and including 3 (76) Over 3 (76) 7 9 12 15 18 21 4.3.3 tf any of the test specimens fail to meet the hydrostatic requirements, a retest will be allowed, and the pipe accepted as provided in 4.1.3. 4.4 Acid Resistance: 4.4.1 This test is used to determine the resistance of pipe to the action of acids en countered in sanitary sewers. The test shall be performed only when specified. 4.4.2 The pipe of each size and shipment shall be acceptable if the acid-soluble matter, from specimens representing such pipe, does not exceed 0.2S %. Failure of any of the specimens to meet the test shall result in the rejection of all the pipe represented by the specimen tested. 5. Sizes and Dimensions 5.1 Sizes and dimensions of pipe are as described in Table 2 (U. S. customary units) and Table 2A (SI units). 5.2 The inside diameter shall not vary from a true circle by more than 3 % of its nominal diameter. 5.3 The average inside diameter shall be determined by taking any two 90-deg (1.6rad) opposing measurements and averaging the readings. 6. Straightness 6.1 Pipe shall not deviate from straight by more than `lit in./ft (5 mm/m) of length when the maximum offset is measured from the concave side of the pipe. 6.2 Measurement shall be taken by placing a straight X-edge on the concave side of the pipe's full length of the barrel, being sure not to include spigot joint material or socket, and measuring the maximum distance between the straightedge and concave side of the pip 7. Glaze 7.1 Unless otherwise specified, the manu facturer may supply either glazed or unglazed pipe. On glazed pipe, the glaze shall be a continuously uniform layer that is substan tially free of imperfections. Not more than 10 % of the inner surface of any pipe barrel may be free of glaze. There shall be no well defined crazing or hairline cracks. 7.2 Glazing is not required on the outer surface of the pipe at the spigot, for a longi tudinal distance equal to the depth of the socket. Glaze may be entirely absent from the inside of the socket. 7.3 When a ceramic glaze is used, it need only be applied to the inside of the pipe. 8. Blisters 8.1 Pipe of nominal sizes from 3 to 18 in., shall have no blister with a dimension ex ceeding 3 in. (76 mm), and no blister or pimple shall project more than 'It in. (3 mm) above the surface of the pipe. 8.2 Pipe of nominal sizes over 18 in., shall have no blister exceeding 2 in./ft (166 mm/ m) of internal diameter, and no blister or pimple shall project above the surface of the pipe more than 'It in./ft (10 mm/m) of int< nal diameter. 8.3 Pipe Shall have no broken blisters. 9. Fractares and Cracks 9.1 There shall be no fractures or cracks passing through the banel or socket, except that a single crack at the spigot end of the pipe not exceeding 75 % of the depth of the socket, or a single fracture in the socket not exceeding 3 in. (76 mm) around the circum ference nor 2 in. (50 mm) lengthwise may be permitted. 9.2 Chips or fractures on the interior of the pipe shall not exceed 2 in. (50 mm) in length, 1 in. (25 mm) in width, and a depth of one fourth of the thickness of the barrel. 10. Finish of Ends 10 1 The ends of pipe shall be square with their longitudinal axes, within the tolerances 414 CTD000655 C 700 provided in Table 2. 10.2 The inner surface of the socket and he outer surface of the spigot shall be scored vith triangular or semicircular-shaped circum ferential indentations about '/ in. (3 mm) in depth. The minimum number of scorings shall be as follows: Size of Pipe, in. (mm) Number of Sconngs. min 3 to 6 (75 to 150) 8 and 10 (200 and 250) 12 to 36 (300 to 900) 1 2 3 10.3 Scoring may be eliminated when it is conducive to the proper application of the joint to be used. 11. Perforations 11.1 Perforations shall be circular and cleanly cut, `/< in. (6 mm) in diameter, ar ranged approximately 3 in. (76 mm) center to center in rows parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. Rows shall be arranged in two equal groups on each side of the vertical center line of the pipe. The lowermost rows of perforations shall be separated by an arc of 90 deg (1.6 rad) measured across the bottom of the pipe. The uppermost rows of perforations shall be separated by an arc of 200 deg (3.5 rad), measured across the top of the pipe. Spacing of rows between these limits shall be uniform. The total number of rows of perforations is shown in Table 3. 11.2 The spigot end of bell-and-spigot per forated pipe shall not be perforated for a distance equal to the depth of the socket. 12. Fittings 12.1 Fittings shall correspond in all re spects with the dimensions specified for pipe of the corresponding size. Dimensional toler ances of fittings shall be the same as for straight pipe. All fittings shall conform to the requirements for pipe described in Sections 8 through 10. 12.2 Slants shall have their spigot ends cut at an angle of approximately 60 deg (1.0 rad) or 45 deg (0.8 rad) with the longitudinal axis. 12.3 Curves shall have arcs of approxi mately 90 deg (1.6 rad), 45 deg (0.8 rad), 30 deg (0.5 rad), or 22.5 deg 0.4 rad) as re quired. 12.4 Fittings shall be made to such lengths as will accommodate the jointing system pro vided. Tee and wye fittings shall be furnished with spurs of the size specified, securely and completely fastened to the barrel of the fitting in the process of manufacture. The spurs of tee fittings shall have their axes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fitting. The spur of the wye fittings shall have their axes at angles of approximately 60 deg (1.0 rad), or 45 deg (0.8 rad) to the longitudinal axis of the fitting, measured from the socket or bell end of the fitting. The barrel of each spur shall be of sufficient length to permit making a proper joint. 12.5 Channel pipe and channel fittings shall be approximate half sections of the cor responding size of straight pipe and fittings. 13. Test Methods 13.1 Perform tests in accordance with Methods C 301. 14. Inspection 14.1 All pipe shall be subject to inspection by a competent inspector employed by the purchaser. Inspection may be made at the factory or promptly at the point of delivery. All pipe accepted may be plainly marked by the inspector. Rejected pipe shall not be defaced, but shall be replaced by the manu facturer or seller without additional cost, with pipe that meets the requirements of this spec ification. 15. Marking 15.1 Each length of pipe shall bear the initials or name of the manufacturer, and the location of the plant. The words "Extra Strength" or the symbol "ES" shall be in cluded, when applicable, to identify the class of pipe. The markings shall be indented on the exterior of the pipe, and shall be plainly legible for identification. 415 CTD000656 Cl* C 700 TABLE I Minimum Crashing Strength 13-Edge Scarlet Streegthl Nominal Stic, in Extra Strength Vitrified Gay Pipe Ibf/linear kN/linear ft m Standard Strength Vitrified Clay Pipe Ibf/linear kN/linear ft m Perforated Vitrified Clay Pipe Extra Strength Standard Strength Ibf/linear kN/linear Ibf/linear kN/linear ft m ft m 3 2000 4 2000 6 2000 29 l 29 2 29.2 8 2200 32.1 10 2400 12 2600 35.0 37 9 15 2900 42.3 t8 3300 48.2 21 38SO 56.2 24 4400 64.2 27 4700 68.6 30 5000 73.0 33 5500 80.3 36 6000 87.6 39 6600 96.3 42 7000 102.2 1200 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3300 3600 4000 17.5 17 5 20.4 23.4 26.3 29.2 32.1 35.0 37.9 40.9 48.2 52.5 58.4 1250 1600 1600 1600 1800 2200 2640 3100 3520 18.2 23.4 23.4 23.4 26.3 32.1 38.5 45.2 51.4 1000 1000 1000 1100 1200 1400 1700 2000 2400 14.6 14.6 14.6 16.1 17.5 20.4 24.8 29.2 15.0 TABLE 2 Plmrasioaa f Vitrified Clay Ply* (U. S. CKamary Unto) Nominal Size, in/ Laying Length Limit of Minus Variation, in./ft Difference in Length of Two Opposite Sides max. in. 3 4 6 Vo v4 v4 8 10 12 15 /4 V4 v4 v4 418 V4 21 v 24 36 27 w 30 H 33 36 36 36 39 H 42 H Ms 36 X. X. X. V* V6 X. X. 66 46 46 X. V4 16 . Specifiers should be mn tbtt all pipe sixes Me not univenally avallaUe. Limit of Minus Variations in Average Inside Diameter, in. K* Xs v4 X. 36 Xs X. 'X. 'Xs 'Xs IX. IX. IX. IX. IX. IX. \ 416 CTDQ00657 iSlt* C 700 TABLE 2A Diaieasioai of Vitrified Clay Pipe<SI (Jails) Nominal Size, mm/ Laying Length Limit of Minus Variation, mm/m Difference in Length of Two Opposite Sides max. mm 75 100 150 200 250 300 375 450 525 600 675 750 825 900 975 1050 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 8 8 9 II 11 II 13 13 14 14 16 16 16 17 19 23 4 Specifier* should be aware that ill pipe . set lit not universally available. Limn of Minus Variations in Average Inside Diameter, mm 4 4 4 5 6 7 9 II 13 15 17 19 21 22 22 22 TABLE 1 PtrfaratiM Spadap far Perforated Vitrified Clay Pip* Nominal Size. in. Rows of Perfora tions 44 64 84 10 6 12 6 15 6 18 8 21 8 24 8 Perforation! per Row 2 n 3d 4 rt 5ft (0.6 (0.91 (1.22 (1.52 ml m) m) m) 7 9 It 13 7 9 II 13 7 9 II 13 7 9 11 13 7 9 It 13 10 14 17 10 14 17 10 14 17 10 14 17 Tht American Society for Testing and Materials Uka no position respecting Iks validity of anv patent rights asserted in connection with any Item mentioned In this standard. Users of this standard art expressly advised that determination of the validity of any nek patent rights, and tke risk of infringement ofsteek rights. Is entirely their own responslhlllty. 417 CTD000658