Document DGq2RaGwqQJv2kpqJq9jnYOeO

FILE NAME: ZD^D/ DATE: DOC#: ^D/ DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION:WZ:ZZ /,dZZZ /'.< ~~~~iQ:~~:~;;~~k:; .::::J 28 JOUR::-J',\L OF INDUSTRI.\L IIYGIE.NE AND TOXICOLOGY [wl. 26, na.z severe cases than in the mild cases. These differences " are statistically significant. The ASBESTOSIS A..."ID PULMONARY '.roBE.RCULOSIS. R. Dts- . author finds t.hat amongst the mild cases low plasma chloride concentrations were more frequent when vomiting had occurred mmdes, L. Rousseau, M. Giroux and P. Ri.diara. LavaJ med., vol. 8, p. ZIT (March, 1943). Asbestosis is an occupational di:.ease of the lungs di;e thJ.l1 when there was no vomiting, and more frequent when the patients suffered from cramp than when to inhalation of asbestos dust. It is characterized bv there was no cramp. But the reviewer finds that these differen the transformation of normal lung ti3sue into fibr~ tissue. Symptoms appear usually five to seve ces between the sub-groups of mild cases were not statistically significant. n YeJ!r! after the beginning of the exposure. The presence cf Of the personal factors related to collapse the most asbestos bodies in the sputum i.s a proof for the e:tistence of pulmonary asbestosis. Both asbestosis an important appear to be loss of acclimatization (following two to seven days' absence from d tubera:Josis were seen in 8 workers exposed to asbestos c!ust disturbance of health, and work), unacclimatization. Em- for five to twenty years. Three of these cases are described, in whom the asbestosis phasis is laid on the importance of deficient salt intake. In the deeper levels of these mines, 7,000 was masked by tuberculosis and where the history and the presence oi to 8,000 ft., dry bulb temperatures reach 115 to lZ0F., and wet the asbestos bodies permitted the diagnosis.-A"" R."I. Tuberc. bulb temperatures as high as 97F. are reported. Col- lapse is liable to occur when the wet bulb temperature exceeds 90F., and especially when it is .iASBESTOSIS A!-<'1) PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS. R. lJ,s, above 93F. The engineer should keep the wet bulb below the latter meules and M. Girottx. Laval med., Jol. 8, p. 227 (March, 1943). level. The benefits of air-conditioning are demonstrated by a striking fall in the incidence of collapse at Champion Reef }.!ine.-T. Bedford. The case history of a forty-four year old man is given who had worked for twenty years in an asbestos m'll. After ten years hf. had developtd pruductive Toxrc NECROSIS OF THE LIVER FRO~ TRINITROTOLUENE. Walter L. Palmer, GeraJd S. JlcShane and William H. cough which increased gradually. Only a short time prior to his admission to the hospital the patie:J.t started to run fever and had pains in his chest. The Lipman. J. A. J.l. A., vol.123, no.16, pp.1025-1027 (Dec. 18, 19-J.3). diagnosis of ulcero-fibrous tuberculosis and asbestosis In three cases of apparent trinitrotoluene poisoning was made. Tubercle bacilli and asbestos bodies ,\er~ found in the sputum. The autopsy with recovery, the evidence suggests that the toxic necrosis of the liver was severe confirmed the clinical diagnosis. Besides the ulcero-fibrous tubem1- in one, moderate in the t second, and slight to moderate in the third. losis, diffuse peribronchial an<l perialveolar sckro,;; with numerous asbestos bod A residual pigmentation and inflammation of the skin of the ankles was n ies was seen. Radiologi cally and pathologically it could not be decided whether oted in the third patient in addition I to the jaundice, anilism and gastrointestinal symptoms the tuberculosis preceded or followed tbe asbestosil. However, it is characteristic oi trinitrotoluene intoxication.-Authors' l summary. believed that the first symptoms ot asbestosis appeared ten years before the symptoms of tuberculosis.-Am. Rev. T11be-rc. \ COA-NINDCIPDCEUN!COENAOF PRnlARY CARCDim{A OF THE LUNGS .,fPuLMO~ARY ASBESTOSIS. L. R1mssem1. Laval mid., RY ASBESTOSIS. F. Hamburger. Am. J. Path., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 797-807 (Sept., 1943). vol. 8, p. 233(March,1943). In the medical literature there are now at lea>t 19 know The radiological picture of pulmonary asbestosis is not characteristic; it is usually similar to t. ! ! n cases of asbestosis associated with primary pul 'iat of tuberculous fibrosis. The diagnosis is, tbertfore, often made monary carcinoma. In 4137 autopsies at the pathology laboratory at Yale Cniversity School of Medicine, only after asbestob bodies have been found in t!.e sputum. Asbestos fibers m there were 45 cases of pulmonary carcinoma in the years from 1918 to 1938 ,\sbestosis ay be seen in the spu '.a o: individuals who do not suffer from asbestosis; asb..:;t:'S \':lS diagnosed 8 times, silicosis 17 times. Pulmonary carcinoma was found in bodies are due to a pathologic tissue reaction. Min<" scopical examination of 4 of the 8 cases of asbestosis and twice in the 17 silicotic cases. the lungs of patient:; who 01!., ... died from an intercurrent disease may show asbesta,is, Despite the high correlation of the foreign body asbestosis in the lungs with primary pulmonary carci- which had not been found en X-ray examination. It cannot be decided whether asbestosis favors the d~voi opment of pulmonary aobestosis. The C'<l.oe bi:;t<JrY noma, this is a small series of cases and the value of these data is limited. Three cases are given in detail. of a forty-two year old man with .tsbe~tosi:; ,;;tJ10 tl tuberculosis is given. The p:itient had The diagnosis of pulmonary asbestosis was diagnosed according to the following criteria: 1) been ww ~=~g in the asbestos industry for eighteen year:;. For two fibrosis of the lung and 2) presence of ao,bestosis bodies.-Stephen L. Madey. years the patient h.a.d been suffering from i.ncreasing cough, expectoration and dyspnea. Roentgenolo~;c;il examination showed mottling of both lw>gs. Spu~ c::.d f:ast:ic ' :)~ci!li. Ast l1L Neo. T:.: \sm:s1u,rs ' f'. ,:::JV (Jlt~ 1 he "curi" ~',~Eer'J1~ frv~ :\to 50 . b: 1 f"..cy cons~~ - 1\"Cfl<l Ly :.:. ::~Lb.t~, ~llt~ -<~1a.tlu~ ui :.'. , the :'J.bb!~:: '-:;er sti:era: -; their ah~ : nd llcnJoJ?{._ 1ou;1C: on~~ Ltginr:ing ... ~:_:Lct.taneDl...~ :.;bestos b<:.C. tlf bJoi We. (hrough th~ r.!)L' r1ontt L J1e sputun1 ~ ~lS1Jes~c.$is.- - !>.\GASSE DI' R. L. Pul., "" J:!. p;. .-\ c~~e c.i 't.ti~et :-):C:" I,\~- '~ tbr: ~UP.I;' :..:ar1!c f'rlCUJ~ t).t;'C1:--s.e ;.n2.~ react '.r,n T: natu:-e of tb: ;1rode1u tht'. Brfit:.rfnbrc1.. L ::iTL> .::-~s ~- Lr t :-:e- _ :-!nt !(lr~~ 1 ~:tnc.i,-,;ric .. lP~1:=.\JlidJ.t~ . L...'.\.~ly W'.2.): ~:.;:- ~~ ~bti ~. .,.._ ABSTRACTS 29 ar.d gastric examinations were negative for tubercle bacilli. Asbestos bodies were found in the sputum.-tr.. Rev. T:tberc. tion of the cavity wall and surrounding lung tissue showed a content of 0.25 per cent silica.-Jll(k Bronfenbrcnner. \SBl:-5100,!S BODIES. },f. Giroux. Laval med., 1!0l. 8 ;. 23~ (Jldrch, 1943). The "ct:nous bodies" found in the sputum of patients 0a:ienng irom pulmonary asbestosis usually measure 2~ to 50 . by 12 to 24 but can be as large as 250 . They consist of a central fiber of asbestos which is .:.:\ered b~ a golden-yellow substance containing iron. RrcbLit,;, guinea pigs and one dog were exposed to int:.:ttion oi asbestos dust. Asbestosis did pot develop :: tbe rJ.bbits nor in the dog. The guinea pigs showed, :i:ter several weeks, macrophages with asbestos fibers :1 their ah coli. Erythrocytes appeared in the alveoli, artd hemi;lobin derivatives containing iron could be io~nd on asbestos fibers two to three months after the beginnmi:; of the inhalation of the asbestos dust. \\hen a 5U"J:>ension of asbestos in olive oil was injected >t:bcutaneously or into the testicles of guinea pigs no [c>bbtos bodies were formed. However, if first one cc. cf blood was injected and then the asbestos dust ;],rr;ugh the same needle, asbestos bodies could be found 0:ie munth later. The presence of asbestos bodies in t;,c ;,putum is believed to be a definite sign of pulmonary asbestosis.-Am. Rev. Tuberc. B.\G\5,SF. DISEASE OF THE LUNG. w. A. Sodeman and R. L. Pullen. New Orleans .Med. & Surg. J., vol. 95, n. 12, pp 558-560 (June, 1943). .\ case uf baga,se disease of the lung is reported tcigether "ith the findings at biopsy in an involved area ci the lt.ng. The picture appears to be that of an or~anic pnc:umoconiosis. It is evident that particles of n,.ga,>e rc;c.y enter the alveolar regions and produce this ::acti1m. The mechanism of the changes, and the ",er 11re oi the stimulus set up by the bagasse dust to :.cuuce tbe cellular reaction, remain ohscure.-Jack ilru 1/ff'>:!rc'J':;zer. l li/ru \(. I!O'-: '>ECROSIS !); BILATI:RAL "Y~I:l!ETRICAL t 11:--.cr ( \l:C:R.\TE LESIO).S OF A~TI-IR \CO-,ILICOSIS OF t :-.,; l{F.J'ORT OF CASE. B. J. JfcCiookey. Am. J. f.',,r>'/,, ro!., wl. 50, no. 1, pp. 42-J5 (July, 1943). It >. :1.e intention of the author to show that the '''.L: ;;; ~i.:cretation of the roentgen appearance of ClhlS ,:nd cavitation in the conglomerate lesions of .'.'- 1c1 ,;:cosis may be very difficult. .\ case is re- /:,,:, -!:''"' ing these lesions, uncomplicated by tu- :r '_;, ,,, The only k:;1own exposure to silica 11 as :c:. t:Oe man worked as a pick miner in a soft coal - .~" ,,, ,1 period of 12 years and there was no exposure ,, l.ric,d of+! years before his death. The roent:,?;iearance of the necrotic areas ''as that of , "",!ida'.,on or pleural thickening. .\l autopsy each t ".,'3 found to contain thick, blacl., viscid tlmcl, ::-L11-.<; ed no frt'e silica on examinatioYJ. E:c1n1in..\- PNEUMOCONIOSIS AND WORKDiG C0"1DITI0'>5 Di COAL MDiES. Brit. iVled. J., no. 4316, pp. 395-396 (Sept. 25, 1943). The Committee on Industrial Pulmonary Disease bas been unable to draw final conclusions on causation or differences in incidence of pneumoconiosis in the South Wales coalfield. Anthracite dust is more dangerous than that of bituminous mines. The most important measure in prevention is the reduction oi dust breathed by the miners. To this end, the committee advocates a series of procedures which are discussed in this article: (1) maintenance of adequate ventilation, (2) use of water to prevent dust dispersion, (3) allaying of dust in roadways and at loading points, (4) reduction of shot-firing to a minimum, with fewest possible men exposed, (5) regulation of ripping processes, and (6) prevention of chill during spake journeys. -Jack Bronfenbrenner. RADIGM POISONING A::-iD ITS PREVE'>TI0:-1. E . .Yd/:el. Z. ges. SchiesHt. Sprengsto.ffw., vol. 37, pp. 74-75, 94-96, 114-116, 132-135, 155-156 (1942). Various well known examples of radium poisoning are described. On account of its relation to calcium in the periodic table radium can replace calcium wherever found in the animal organism. From its point of fixation in the body radium exercises destructive et'ects upon the tissues, mainly by virtue of its disintegration products. In small doses the destructive errects are frequently not noticed until after long periods oi tirr.e, sometimes as long as ten years. The physiologic effects of the several disintegration products are described, as are the various means of measuring the radioactivity of samples and the several routes by which radium or its emanations may enter the human body. One of these is the breathing of radium emanations. Charcoal, silica gt! and Permutit "ere tried, without marked success, for absorbing these emanations. A detailed method is described ior examinacion of urine, blood, etc., for radium emanations. Various diagnostic means and a quantitative method ior estimating the amount of radium in the body ar.d in cadavers is described. \'arious means are given ior preventing radium poisoning as prescribed bv the saiety precautions of the . \ssociation of Chemical Industry in Germany. A review oi the literature is :nclt!ded.Ci:em. Abs/rs. TRF:AT.\!E'.'T OF LE.\D P01so:-.r>c. Co"'FERF.:-;ci::s o"' THER \l'Y. .'\. J'. State J. Jfed., wl. 43, 1w. 21, pp. 21)79-2086 (:Vov. 1, 19-13). The discu,sion emphasizes the facts that ir.ges~ed learl, especially in small amounts, rarely c:wses po[ . '-inning because of poor ab-sorption, and that the g:-cater " ' ' 1 ,, .,! i'_ t. 1,.,