Document DGbppME9RJGkq90exMeyqMdya

CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company VoluntaryUse and Exposure InformationProfile N-ethylperfluorooetylsulfonamido ethyl acrylate 1. CIREMICAL IDENTIFICATION Chemical Name: CAS Number: N-ethylperfluorooctylsulfonamiedtohylacrylate(ETFOSEA) 423-82-5 Il. COM[PANY IDENTIFICATION Company Name: 3M SiteLocation: 10746 hmovation Road CottageGrove, MN 55016 1400 StateDocks Road Decatur,AL 35601 TechnicalContact: W.A. Weppner Phone: 651/733-6374 Address: 3M Center,Building 23 6-1B- 10 St.Paul,MN 55144 IH. ON-SITE ACTMTIES CAS # Mfa. (1997) Imported 423-82-5 < 100M lbs. 0 Estimatethe amount of subjectchemicaldistributedoff-site:100% CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 2 Narrative Description and Process Flow Schematic: 3M Company utilizesa process known as Simons Electro-Chemical Fluorination(ECF) to synthesize organofluorinemolecules. Inthisprocess,organicfeedstocksare dispersedinliquid,anhydrous hydrogen fluoridea,nd an electricurrentispassedthrough the solutionc,ausingthe hydrogen atoms on themolecule tobe replacedwith fluorine.The predominant components of theproductscreated by thisprocesshave the same carbon skeletalarrangement as thefeedstockused,but with allof the hydrogen atoms replacedby fluorine.However, fragmentationand rearrangementof the carbon skeletoncan alsooccur and significanatmounts ofcleaved,branched and cyclicstructuresmay be formed. The degreeof fluorinatioonf theorganicfeedstockisalsodependent upon the specific carbon chain lengthof thefeedstockand parametersof theECF processsuch as electricaclurrentand the lengthof time theprocessisrun. Itispossibleto synthesizefullyfluorinateodr perfluoroorganic molecules where allof thehydrogen atoms of thehydrocarbon feedstockhave been replacedby fluorineatoms. Using theseperfluoroorganimcoleculesas basicbuildingblocks,unique chemistries can be createdby furtherreactionswith functionalizehdydrocarbon molecules. 3M has produced sulfonylbased fluorochemicalscommercially forover 40 yearsusing theECF process.A basicbuildingblockof such productsand the highestproductionvolume fluorochemical 3M manufacturesisperfluorooctanesulfonfylluoride(POSF). The startinfgeedstockforthisreaction is 1-octanesulfonyflluoride. (Reaction1) Reaction I C8Hl7SO2F + 17 IHF I-Octanesulfonylfluoride Energy ------->-- C8Fl7SO2F + 17 H2 ECF Perfluorooctanesulfonfyluoride The electrochemicalfluorinatiopnrocessyieldsabout35%-40% straighcthain(normal)POSF, and a mixtureof biproductsand waste of unknown and variablecompositioncomprised of the following: 1) higherandlowerstraight-chhaoimnologs,i.e.n,-CnF2n+IS02Fe,.g.C,6Fl3SO2F, C7Fl5SO2F, C9Fl9SO2F which comprise about 7% ofthe processoutput 2) branched-chain,perfluoroalkylsulfonfylluorideswith variouschainlengths,about 18-20% of the output 3) straight-chaibnr,anched,and cyclic(non-fimctionalp)erfluoroalkaneasnd ethersw,hich comprise about 20-25% of the output 4) "tars"(highmolecularweight fluorochemicalbyproducts)and otherbyproducts,includingmolecular hydrogen, which comprise about 10-15% of the output. Because of slightdifferencesinprocessconditions,raw materials,and equipment,the mixture produced by the electrochemicaflluorinatiopnrocessvariessomewhat from lot-to-loatnd from plantto-plantT.he productthatresultsfrom electrochemicaflluorinatioinsthusnot a pure chemical but rathera mix of isomers and homologues. The commercializedPOSF derivedproductsare a mixture of approximately70% linearPOSF derivativeasnd 30% branched POSF derivedimpurities. CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 3 During production,byproducts and waste productsare formed. The volatilewaste products,such as perfluoromethane,have been vented to the atmosphere in the past,but plans are being implemented to captureand destroythese releasesby thermal oxidationover thenext few years. The tarshave been landfilledin a hazardous waste landfililn thepast,but are allcurrentlybeing incineratedat an in-house or externalhazardous waste incinerator.The byproducts,many of which are incompletely fluorinatedwith hydrogen atoms stilplresent,can be recycledback intothe ECF process or are partiallydegraded in stabilizatiopnrocessesand dischargedto controlled,in-house,wastewater treatmentsystems. The treatmentsludge associatedwith theECF process has been eitherlandfilled or land-incorporatedinthe past,but allof thistreatmentsludge isbeing landfilledoff-sitesinceearly 1998. POSF isitselaf commercially viableproduct,but isprimarilyan important intermediatein the synthesisof substancesused in many other 3M fluorochemicalproducts. The majority isused to produce functionallyderivatizedfluorochemicalsand high molecular weight polymeric products. Unique chemistriescan be createdby derivatizingPOSF through the sulfonylfluoridemoiety of the molecule using conventionalhydrocarbon reactions.POSF isreactedwith methyl or ethyl amine to produce eitherN-methyl or N-ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamide(MEFOSA or ETFOSA). Some of the MEFOSA and ETFOSA isisolatedto be used as intermediatesto be reactedto form other materials. The majority of theMEFOSA and ETFOSA isnot isolatedand subsequentlyreactedwith ethylene carbonateto form eitherN-methyl or N-ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamido ethanol.These arethe principalbuildingblocks of the3M product lines. CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 4 The followingblockflow diagram describesthe processdiscussedabove. BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM Electro-ChemicaFlluorinatioCnells (Octanesulfonylfluoride+ I-IF+ electricaelnergy) IF Perfluorooctanesulfonylfluoride (POSF) IF Secondary Reactors Perfluorooctanesulfonicacid (PFOS) v Surfactants IF Various commercialized intermediates and su factants F Amp.ioteric surfactants (FireFighting Foams) N-ethyl(and methyl) perfluorooctanesulfonainide N- . I Ldmethyl) perfluorooctane- sulfonamido ethanol AdditionalSecondary Reactors Phosphate Esters -and Acrylate/polymers (Paper& Packaging) Acrylatepolymers Adipate adducts Urethane polymers (Carpetand Textile Protection) Various commercialized intermediates and surfactants CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 5 V. SITE RELEASE AND TRANSFER INFORMATION FOR NON-TRI CHEMICALS A. ON-SITE AIR RELEASES While analyticamlethods have improved overtime,largevariabilitsytilelxistsforcertain matricesand compounds, so dataavailableforthisreportismostly of a qualitativneature. Although limitedmonitoringdataexistsm,ost emissionand waste estimatesarebased upon processmodels and engineeringcalculationsE.ngineeringcalculationsh,owever, have limitationwsith respectto fluorochemicalsbecause fluorochemicallosseswere not always includedinthe analysisof each intermediatestep. The accuracyof theemissionsdatasubmittedvariesdue toseveralfactors.Batch process systems aredifficulttomeasure due toquicklychanging processconditions,ventingpressures and difficultiynisolatinpgrocessesto takemeasurements. Additionallyt,he unique characteristiocfsthesecompounds cause them to behave differentlfyrom conventional compounds, and physicalchemical datapropertiesarenot availableforallintermediate reaction-stepisn the past. ALL PLANTS - Fugitiveemissionsmay occur from vacuum charging from drums, sampling from reactorsd,rumming of product/intermediatfel,akingmonomer, drying operations. Materialsmay be handled in a molten or solidstate;vapors areproduced from molten material.Industriahlygienemonitoringhas been conductedforsome compounds. Some minor amounts of thesecompounds have been detectedasfugitiveemissionsduringindustrial hygiene exposure testing. Decatur,AL Emission estimatesarebased upon existingprocessmodels and engineeringcalculationfsrom the facilityF.ugitiveemissionsmay have occurredduringsome handlingstepsbut have not been quantified. Estimated Total Annual Releases (lbs.) Estimated % days/years Accuracy of releaseoccurs Estimate (optional) Fugitive- (non-point) No dataavailable. Stack (point) Estimated Total Annual Releases (lbs.) (1997) < Estimated % days/years Accuracy of releaseoccurs Estimate (optionsi) CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 6 Cottage Grove Emissions estimatesare from process engineer'sestimatesand emission models. Estimated Total Annual Releases Obs.) (1997) Estimated % days/years Accuracy of releaseoccurs Estimate(optionai) Fugitiv(enon-point) No data available. Stack(point) 0 Comments: CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 7 B. WATER RELEASES FROM SITE Decatur,AL The datapresentedispartofwastewatertestingconductedin 1998,sincetheindividual compounds of intereswtere notanalyzedinthe 1997 wastewatermaterialbalancedue to method availabiliatnyd initiaplrogram focus.The 1998 datahas notbeen adjustedfor productionlevelsin 1997,sincemost productionremainedatsimilarlevels. Materialsinthe sludgeand wastewatermay resultfrom productionlossesinthe manufacturingof thesecompounds orfrom thehydrolysisof more complex molecules. Estimated Total Annual Releases (lbs.) (1997) Estimated % Accuracy of Estimate (optional) Water releases: < 20 Number of days/year release occurs: 2/year Receiving Water Name: Baker's Creek at the junction with the Tennessee River NPDES Number: ALD 004023164 Comments: Cottage Grove, MN 1800 pounds per year of N-ETFOSEA were estimateddischargedto the wastewater system in 1998. No data isavailablefor 1997. Based upon insolubilitaynd removal of similar compounds in theDecatur wastewater treatmentfacilityt,he levelof thiscompound in the riverdischargeisbelievedto be closeto zero (<l% of totaldischarged). Continued improvements in reducingmaterialto the riverarebeing undertaken by a wastewater emission reductionteam or engineersatthe facility. Estimated Total Annual Releases Obs.) (1997) Estimated % Accuracy of Estimate (optional) Water releases: <18 Number of days/year releaseoccurs: Receiving Water Name: NPDES Number: Comments: CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 8 C. ON-SITE LAND RELEASES Decatur,AL The landtreatmentof Decatursludgewas discontinuedinearly1998. Sludge isnow transportetdoan offsitleandfilalf,terpassingthrougha thickenerand a sludgepress.An impounchnentwas used in 1997 as partof thewastewatertreatmentoperationbut isnow only used forback-up operation. Estimated Total An nual Releases (lbs'.) (1997) Estimated % Accuracy of Estimate (optional) Landfill Land Treatment/Land Amendment Surface Impoundments Underground Injection 0 No data available/No longer used No data availableno longer used 0 Other (specify): Comments: Sludge from the Cottage Grove facilityis sent to an off-siteindustriallandfill Cottage Grove, MN Estimated Total Annual Releases (lbs.) (1997) Estimated % Accuracy of Estimate (optional) Landfill 0 Land Treatment/Land Amendment 0 Surface hnpoundments 0 Underground Injection 0 Other (specify): Comments: CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 9 D. OFF-SITE TRANSFERS Decatur,AL Processwastewatersaremanaged inan on-sitewastewatertreatmentfacilitaynd arenot sent tothePOTW. DI. Transfer to PubliclyOwned Treatment Works (POTW) Number of days/year the releaseoccurs: Annual Transfer Ob): 0 Estimated % Accuracy of Transfer Estimate (optional) POTW Name: StreetAddress: City: State: NPDES Number: Country: Zip Code: Comments: CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 10 CottageGrove. MN Processwastewatersaremanaged inan on-sitewastewatertreatmentfacilitaynd arenot sent tothePOTW. Dl. TransfertoPubliclyOwned TreatmentWorks (POTW) Number ofdays/yearthe releaseoccurs: Annual Transfer(lb):0 Estimated% AccuracyofTransferEstimate(optional) POTW Name: StreetAddress: City: State: NPDES Number: Country: Zip Code: Comments: CAS Number 423-82-5 D2. TRANSFERS 3M Company TO OTHER OFF-SITE LOCATIONS General Waste Information: There islimitedinformationby CAS number forcompound specifirceportingand off-sitteransfercsannotbe readilyverifiedR.atherwastesareclassified by halogencontent,regulatorwyaste codes,physicalpropertieasnd non-specific fluorochemicalcategoriesW.here wastesaretrackedby CAS number, theaznountshave been included. Decatur,A A reviewof plantrecordsregardingwastedisposalocationfsorDecaturfluoride-containing wastesindicatetshat70% isdisposedthroughincineratioantvariousoff-sitleocationasnd approximately30% islandfilleadta hazardouswastelandfillI.ncineratioinsnow the primarydisposalmethod forthesematerials. Incineration: Wastewater Treatment (Excluding POTW) Underground Injection Hazardous Waste (RCRA SubtitleC) landfill Other Landffll Recycle or Recovery Unknown or Other Comments: Estimated Total Annual Releases (lbs.) Estimated % Accuracy of Estimate (optional) No specifiCcAS dataavailable. 0 0 No specifiCcAS dataavailable. No specifiCcAS dataavailable. 0 CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 12 CottaszeGrove, CottageGrove facilituytilizeisncineratiofnoralltheirdrummed wastes. EstimatedTotal Annual Releases (lbs.) Estimated% Accuracy of Estimat(eoptional) Incineration: No specifiCcAS dataavailable. Wastewater Treatment 0 (ExcludingPOTW) Underground Injection 0 Hazardous Waste (RCRA 0 SubtitleC) landrdl Other Landfill 0 Recycle or Recovery 0 Unknown or Other Comments: CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 13 VI. ON-SITE WORKPLACE EXPOSURE 3M CgMpM, SpecidV MaterialsManufacturinizDivision,Cottage Grove. MN This information will assistEPA in characterizing the number of workers potentiallyexposed and the magnitude, frequency, and duration of potentialexposure. When providing monitoring data, ensure that data islinked with worker activitiesdescribed in question 2. 1. Estimate the number of workers potentiallyexposed routinely to the subject chemical for each of the exposure duration times. If a worker isinvolved in more than one activity,enter only his/her most typicalactivityin the table. Don't count a worker more than once. The totalnumber in the tableshould equal the totalnumber of workers potentiallyexposed. Hours/Day <10 <.25 2 .25-1 2 1-8 2 >8 Days/Year 10-100 100-250 >250 2. Describe the routine worker activitiesto which the workers in question 1 are exposed: sampling, removal of filtercake, and drumming of liquids,manufacture an article,etc. For these activities,describe the physical stateof the subject chemical (liquid,gas, particulate, or aerosol, etc.)and, ifin a mixture, the chemical's concentration: Vacuum charging from drums, sampling from reactor,drumming of product/intermediate, maintenance (changing flange,hose, pipe,valve,filterp,wnp or sightglass);materialsmay be handled in a molten or solidstateor dissolvedin organicsolvents;vapors are produced from molten material;approximate concentrationranges from <1% to 85%. 7-7 CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 14 3. Provide industrial hygiene monitoring data, if available, with a brief description of the sampling method and exposure scenario monitored, e.g., describe the specific worker activities performed by the individuals monitored. For privacy considerations, please do not include any personal identifiers such as a worker's name or social security number with any data submitted to EPA. There is no chemical-specific personal industrial hygiene monitoring data or area/source monitoringdataforthisspecifimcaterialatthisfacilityF.or most areasofthe facilitrye,cent qualitativaessessmentof potentiaelxposureto thismaterialunder 3M's ongoing industrial hygiene program indicatesa low exposurepotentiatlo thismaterial. Each 3M plantthatproduces sulfonatedfluorochemicalshas an industriahlygieniston staffand is supportedby a corporateindustriahlygiene group. 3M's industriahlygieneprogram focuseson task-basedexposure assessmentand control.Exposures areidentifieadnd assessedqualitatively and/orquantitativelyQ.ualitativeassessmentsareperformed by an industriahlygienist. Quantitativeassessmentsincludetask-basedpersonalsampling forcertain,specific fluorochemicalsand/orsourceor areasampling. The resultsofthe assessmentssupportdecisions on exposure control.Engineeringcontrolsarepreferred,but personalprotectiveequipment may be used on an interimbasisorwhen effectivengineeringcontrolisnot feasible. 4. Brieflydescribethe engineeringcontrolsused to minimize exposure to thischemical: Materialsaretransferreudsing closedpiping(where possible)from reactorvesselsto other containers.Vacuum chargingofmaterialsfrom drums isa standardpractice.Positionablelocal exhaustventilatiohnoods aresituatedatsignificanptointsourcessuch as atdrum bungs when drumming. Generalroom airprovidesfordilutionofairbornematerials. 5. Brieflylistthe personal protectiveequipment your workers regularlywear toprevent exposure of thischemical: Processoperatingstandardslisttherespirato(re.g.s,uppliedair,organicvapor cartridgewith particulatperefilteorr,particulatfeilteringg)l,oveby elastomer(e.g.n,eoprene or nitrile), chemicalprotectivcelothing(e.g.2,-piecePVC rainsuite)y,e protection(e.g.c,hemicalsplash goggleswith orwithoutfullfaceshieldepending on typeof respiratoursed)tobe used by the employee when the taskinvolvesexposure toa particulafrluorochemicalmaterial. Comments: (Thissectionisavailabletoclariftyhe responsesgiven. Attach additionalpages if desired.) CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 15 3M ComT)Any, SpecialtyMaterialsManufacturingDivision,Decatur,AL This information willassistEPA in characterizingthe number of workers potentiallyexposed and the magnitude, frequency,and duration of potentialexposure. When providing monitoring data, ensure that data islinkedwith worker activitiedsescribed in question 2. 1. Estimate the number ofworkers potentiallyexposed routinelytothe subject chemical for each of the exposure duration times. Ifa worker isinvolvedin more than one activitye,nter only his/hermost typicalactivityin the table.Don't count a worker more than once. The totalnumber in the tableshould equal the totalnumber of workers potentiallyexposed. Hours/Day <10 <0.25 0.25-1 4 1-8 >8 Days/Year 10-100 100-250 >250 4 48 24 2. Describe the routine worker activitiesto which the workers in question 1 are exposed: sampling, removal of filtercake, and drumming of liquids,manufacture an article,etc. For these activitiesd,escribe the physical stateof the subject chemical (liquid,gas, particulate, or aerosol,etc.)and, ifin a mixture, the chemical's concentration: Vacuum charging from drums, sampling from reactor,dnmuning of product/intermediate,Raking monomer, maintenance (changingflange,hose,pipe,valve,filterp,ump or sightglass);materials may be handled ina molten or solidstate;vapors areproduced from molten material;material concentrationranges up to 85%. Wastewater treatmentoperations:collectinagnd analyzingQC samples,operatingfilter press,monitoringprocess,and maintenanceactivitiesm;aterialtypicallpyresentinwaste stream atlessdm I%. CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 16 3. Provide industrial hygiene monitoring data, ff available, with a brief description of the sampling method and exposure scenario monitored, e.g.,describe the specific worker activities performed by the individuals monitored. For privacy considerations, please do not include any personal identifiers such as a worker's name or social security number with any data submitted to EPA. Personal sampling for these materials is currently (late 1999 to present) done using OSHA VersatileSampler tubeswith XAD-4 resinand mixed cellulosesteror glassfiberprefilter. Sample analysisisby LC-MS. Previoussamplinghad employed silicgaelacidmisttubeswith GC-ECD analysis.See attachedtableforairsample results. There has been area/sourceairmonitoringdataand/orsurfacewipe sampling datacollectedfor thismaterialatthe plant.Area/source sample resultsand/orsurfacewipe sample resultsare used to identifyareaswith employee exposure potentiaals partof exposure assessmentunder 3M's industriahlygiene program and arenot measurements of actualemployee exposures. Hence, they arenot includedwith thissubmission.Priorto 1999, thesesamples were consideredtobe semivalidated. The sample resultsof any airmonitoringarecompared to 3M's voluntaryexposure guideline (EG) of 0.1 mg/m3 (milligramsof fluorochemicaplercubicmeter of air)forvarious fluorochemicalcompounds, includingcompounds coveredinthissubmittal.The EG isan 8-hour time-weightedaverage(TWA) personalbreathingzone exposure chosen to minimize potentialfor uptake. Each 3M plantthatproduces sulfonatedfluorochemicalshas an industriahlygieniston staffand is supportedby a corporateindustriahlygienegroup. 3M's industriahlygieneprogram focuseson task-basedexposure assessmentand control.Exposures areidentifieadnd assessedqualitatively and/orquantitativelyQ.ualitativeassessmentsareperformed by an industriahlygienist. Quantitativeassessmentsincludetask-basedpersonalsampling forcertain,specific fluorochemicalsand/orsourceorareasampling. The resultsof the assessmentssupportdecisions on exposure control.Engineeringcontrolsarepreferredb,ut personalprotectiveequipment may be used on an interimbasisorwhen effectivengineeringcontrolisnot feasible. CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 17 Air Samplinz Data for 423-82-5 Job Classification Chemical Operator Building3 Chemical Operator Flaker Team Leader Building3 Team Leader Flaker Sample number 94-031 94-032* 94-034* 94-037* 94-038* 94-039* 94-041 * 94-046* 94-050* 95-006* 95-007* 95-014* 95-040* 95-024 97-091 94-036 94-047* 94-051 * 94-054* 94-055* 98-481 98-098 Concentration (mgim3) Minimum (mg/m3) Totals -> <0.01 <0.002 <0.01 <0.005 0.004 0.003 <0.006 <0.01 <0.005 0.01 <0.003 <0.003 <0.002 0.37 <0.003 0.15 <0.003 <0.02 <0.005 <0.005 0.005 1.5 0.031 Maximum (mg/m3) 1.5 Geometric Mean 0.013 Geometric Standard Deviation 7.1 *The value forthissample isone ofseveralfluorochemicalanalytescollectedon the sample. Samples are allpersonal.breathingzone samples takenover the durationofa specifictask. 4. Briefly describe the engineering controls used to minimize exposure to this chemical: Materials are transferredusing closed piping (where possible) from reactor vessels to other containers.Vacuum charging of materialsfrom drums isa standardpractice.Local exhaust ventilationhoods aresituatedat significanptointsources such as atdrum bungs when drununing. Some equipment, such as theflaker,isequipped with localexhaust ventilation.General room air provides fordilutionof airbornematerials. CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 18 5. Briefly listthe personal protective equipment your workers regularly wear to prevent exposure of this chemical: Specificpersonal protectiveequipment isindicatedon writtenoperating procedures used by processoperators. Respiratory protection:Tasks with significanetxposurepotential(charging,dnmuning, some maintenancetasks)areperformedusingpositivepressurep,ressuredemand fullfacesuppliedair respiratorsT.asks withmoderateexposurepotentia(lshorterm samplingfrom tapsor drums, and some maintenancetasks)areperformedusingfullfaceair-pufifyirnegspiratorwsithorganic vapor cartridgeasnd P 100 prefilters. Hand protection:Alltasksidentifieads havingpotentiaflorhand contactrequireneoprene (Scorpio)ornitriliendustriagloves. Body protection:Exposure'significtaanstksuseoneortwo-piecePVC suits.Aprons may be wom forsome low exposurepotentiatlaskssuchas sampling. Foot protection:Tasks identifieads posinga significanftootexposurepotentiarlequire chemicalresistanbtoots. Comments: desired.) (Thissectionisavailableto clarifythe responsesgiven. Attach additionalpages if CAS Number 423-82-5 3M Company 19 VII. CHEAUCAL END USES A. END USE AS AN INTERMEDIATE CONSUMED TO MAKE OTHER CIF]ELVHCALS Al. On-SitUeseasa Intermediate: Product chemicalclass or product chemical (IncludeCAS number ifappropriate) 1. Not applicable. % oftotal volume of subject chemicalmanufactured or imported As reportedin Part IH, p.2 A2. Off-SiteUse as an Intermediate Product chemicalclass or product chemical (IncludeCAS number ifappropriate) % of total volume of subject chemical manufactured or imported 1. Not applicable. As reportedin Part IH, p.2 B. END USES OTHER THAN AS A CONSUMED INTERMEDIATE Use Number 1 of I Descriptionof Chemical End Use: Customersuse as an intermediatteomake fluoropolymers. Percent of totalmanufactured or imported volume going to thisuse: 100% Check allphysicalforms of the chemical duringthisuse: Ifused in a mixture check appropriatebox to indicateweight fraction.Average values are acceptable: x <1% 1-30% 30-60% 60-90% >90% Aerosol Dry Powder Pelletsor largecrystals Water or solvent- wet solid Gas or vapor Liquid solution Other (Explain)