Document DDdEZy8j1VeoBmEaLw4OybqGQ
7 nTivoadnpeuys ~,~ Richard E. Purdy 12/03/98 11:53 AM
To Geofeant. Adams Coporat MUSQINCorporate To: oCO: Sih. Riso envionment due 0 ho prasancoof FOS Subject:
Georjean L. Adams/US-Corporate/3M/US@3M-Corporate Risk to the environment due to the presence of PFOS
Inthe atachad snlof possi riko csoical ha du o anima vl f POS, | In the attached analysis of possible risk of ecological harm due to environmental levels of PFOS, I Comcast 58 Sha Tok ohh. In addlion 0. revi ot vlogs 0901 he concluded there is a significant risk of harm. In addition to this, my review of the available data on the rapes TPEGS, mates tht ho Soc inh orwoniont i Wo know of tmp nat properties of PFOS, indicates that the sink for it in the environment is biota. We know of nothing that it Re mote ah of hao Som angler Components: Omer pesto: bOI hve has more affinity for than blood serum and liver components. Other persistent pollutants have a high Oy tr seamen, bo POG sobs nt So PEO ah poets and enc he my co nly affinity for sediment, but PFOS does not. So, PFOS can't be trapped and buried like they can. It likely Coie 0 prio Wo Lt Hoh og vl CompRATS to rR tht he els WE re continues to partition into biota from the other compartments in the environment; thus the levels we are Soon aay ng he a 20 reac ver seeing in eagles and other biota is likely to climb each year.
blo ls ake ogthr Contes sigan ht shold b 6g EPA wer TSCA I believe all this taken together constitutes a significant risk that should be reported to EPA under TSCA w8e.
Paneer Food Chan Rk Assesment of PFO Pioneer Food Chain Risk Assessment of PFO
Wade Avalbayl3eH fr Inspection and Copying as Contidenta format Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Sibjoctio Protacava Oder Pamr - SW. No. 52.04.6308 Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
11553333..00000011
Exhibit 1533
MACozez688 3MA00242688
PPiioonneeeerr RRiisskk AAsssseessssmmeenntt ooff AAddvveerrssee EEffffeeccttss iinn MMaarriinnee MMaammmmalalss ffrroomm PPFFOOSS iinn tthhee FFoooodd CChhaaiinn
RRiicchh PPuurrddyy
33 DDeecceemmbbeerr 11999988
IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn::
PROS (perloosancslfon) vas ound in ts f ce populations of ive sla sts 1k PFOS (perfluorooctanesulfonate) was found in two of three populations of naive rats--fl~at is, rats not Knowing xpos 10 FOS. Th rs ththad PROS in hi blond wr oth contind cmc knowingly exposed to PFOS. The rats that had PFOS in their blood were fed food fl~at contained fishmeal. Income sis dicate tn POS i Tal, Th 5 onsen wih thsose ation it Tdi Incomplete studies indicate that PFOS is in fishmeal. This is consistent with the observation that fledgling nish cot prodomimaey Teh cotan FOS i hr on eagles that eat predominately fish contain PFOS in their blood. Mos Tisha is mde rom mend Gear fran Dr Ror Sues of Fish Food Most fishineal is made from menhaden (Brevoortia tyrranus)(Drafl Report: Sources ofFish Food ConsenBsy Job Gicy and Pd Vite, Sepcner6. 1999) Mieaco tpanakdodn aen nrc Constituents By Jolm Giesy and Paul MeMe, Septelnber 6, 1998). Menhaden eat planklon and are condor scond linn he US Atami cus od hin. Thcy ar am abr oor sciof considcrcd a second link in the US Atlantic coastal food chain. Thcy arc in turn catcn by other species of ih. hh are cote to, mms andvr. Th ae of dn 0rt ht i fish, which are in turn eaten by other fish, mammals and birds. The mass of menhaden is so great that their ath ress 0of% he US commer fic sens catch represents 40% of the US commercial finfish fisheIies. Since hes Tl appcrto coin POS, it cd prcent cll he arcu of POS hat might b Since these fish appear to contain PFOS, it seemed prudent to calculate the amount of PFOS that might be liedple fad chr nd ners os vat conan tkcavers adverse ot. These transferred up the food chain and compare this value to a concentration that causes adverse effects. These lls dot conn pres dash Ethation sprout. The Pps 102 wheter calculations do not contain precise data so the evaluation is approximate. The purpose is to see whether Fo SA PAA A iT oe 8 predicted enviromnental concentrations are anywhere near concentrations that cause effects. This sess vas orn ad portance withthe done gv b EPA fn Cudlines This assessment was organized and performed in accordance with the guidance given by EPA in Guidelines for Eloi Risk Acs(uEF mSOeRSn10tTF Apr] 199). Ths poses pred n hse for Ecological Risk Assessment (EPA!630/R-95/002F April 1998). The process presented in these dln 52 pein on hrs ark scones apued ardor heh nv oon 5 guidelines is a repetitive one where a risk assessment is updated or redone when new information is atl: Th nn infmiion cmb gonered by ahr Proceso geamion ob dion ty te sk available. The new information can be generated by other processes or generation can be driven b~y the risk scsment assessment.
PPrroobblleemm FFoorrmmuulalattiioonn::
A ty of ots otpurposely posed to PROS found at ey hd sigicant vs of ce crs. A study of rats not purposely exposed to PFOS found that they had siguificant levels of it in their livers. Th He sous wash Fm mh i. If PFOS sh hc ther. cating mammal nd. The likely source was the fishmeal in their diet. ff PFOS is in fish then other fish, fish eating mammals and irr c cons tin PROS. Th conceimions ound rc nt Hcl 10 cae ne responbsteis. birds are consuming PFOS. The concentrations found are not likely to cause toxic responses, but what bout ht magnon hough fd chain? about after biomagmfication through a food chain? he peteistotest: The concentroaftPiFoSn in fodof marin ails cuss avers cst, The hypothesis to test: The concentration of PFOS in food of marine animals causes adverse effects. 1132 dc 0 kp the prob mon in hi sss rer os teal. Th is ox It was decided to keep the problem narrow in this assessment in order to simplify the analysis. This is not ops gt ot gaiortly rls. aeons st pirat pod BL to imply that this is the most important or only problem. In addition tlfis is a pioneer and possibly first Saofohis stsmen. Rehman nh avis and moredt il low tt Nuon ihis iteration of this assessment. Refinements in the analysis and more data will allow other iterations if this loner cssmen die thro my be a Enon rk. Th apes of pions sssnet 0 pionccr asscssmcnt indicatcs thcrc may bc a significant risk. Thc purposc of this pionccr asscssmcnt is to Semin he magnitude of 0 rk nd whcler oer demons warmed determine the magnitude of the risk and whether other iterations are warranted.
11553333..00000022
33MMAA002024422668899
AAnnaallyyssiiss
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MMeennhhaaddeenn c->amcoidvo->resesalfi-s>h k|il=lercwamhiavleores fis2h = seal
Menhaden ->carnivores fish 1 -> carnivores fish 2 -> seal
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hese references and rsollction rom aber readings an rage and Wildlife Exposure Factors Handbook, EPA/600/R-93/187 December
these references and recollection from other readings, an average
biomagnification valne is 9.
IFnnatamnwaeesvva0lau0al9tiuomniaokotfefP.iPEFoTOOhnSSeiifnnotothhdeeahcbverelrssioosffeird~'vfffvieesrrcatatsslaasnm taavveeerraaiggeehleenevgelrledffoiouounnn.dd iinnAmcmcaaoelredaainnnddg 0ffemabalelein11g00--1144 wkweek rSs1ata6atsn%dodwdafarssdts.h0,e.0fcif9solamoudngeal/aknlgd.wvtaahTssahtleeessfsowoatlhdsanltnhab22e00ol%%nliysootfefstdtohhufeeriscffheoomoofudeP.aOlFFaSoosrr.ththieiffssfTihanfntihasalilvynasgslirsueeidticeiiossnuta.dsmsAubmecdce0od0rdtthihhnaitgtghfmtiowsehhlamiabceehlalilwnmmogaualdddee umuppean tmh1ho6ees%tuliotiitmfmoathuatetleedfcocaaoblldcceiuuaslnad1te7tdh%~.tsits1isftsuawcnaleaesnvltiehslmesaowwlnoowluyuellrsddeobbuecrclleaoowtwo.f, 1Pbb0Fuu0tOt %ttShhv.feisavhT.alhlauiese mvacaaanlnumnneoofctbiobssucaldtonoobodeslfootcowaombbhyyigammhumuxccvhhhaicbbdhseeocc.waauuiossnseelhdthohmsueedan mHaovset aitbocuotul6dtbiemeiss 1a9s%m.ucIhf ann asnimivaelrws earehteoseeatat1s00do%. fiTshha,tasemlanwyofuislhd abndeseSa6mmgalmkgm0als0d9o,mitgsh.oul1d6)
have about 6 times as much in its livers as these rats do. That level would be 0.56mg/kg (0.09mg/kg/0.16).
T"chhoiimssiissnthheheesesntieimxntathaeidghlfeesvvteeleviiennlt,thheeWllioivvreekr., wwwihhlihiccohhisisshfthese oosrroggaawnnntthhaaatt ccloonoitaaninsss mmooosnstttooffattbhhoeeutPPFF1OOtShS,.TThoheeublnloo:aoddof
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and that the concentration in other organs is insignificant
t3n6tmhegthostalX0bo.d0y3 b+ur(de0n .ofP3RO6Si6m)ngX h0he.0si8s) cpof he then the total body burden of PFOS in the first step of the
food cui above in comparison to
food chain above
maaan is 0.062mghke the levels in liver and blood,
menhaden is 0.062mg/kg
(0.56mg/kg X 0.03 + (0.56mg/kg/6) X 0.08)
"The event sscond food chain ink then would be ine times his ve or 0.56 mk.
The level in the second food chain link then would be nine times this level or 0.56 mg/kg.
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of
of
PmFOmS coansumaaeidlaisblree,tabinuedt. hDyaartae assumed obs similar for ldller whale food consumption sexual maturation was not
immediately available, but they are assumed to be similar.
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aaonnrdduggpeeststtoaattTiioo7nnmiiossn11i1smmboeinfotshrse
(Wide wiping (Wildlife
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ceeiaaasssthe6o(-of87fc%7caamlolocufunltlhttaehitXiisoronnw3iei0ttidgwwahayatssspiaaemssrossnm~utmynheeidXdntt6fhhia4asthht g.aa/ndTa88hy0e0)ky.kgeAaessetasa1lu3cme%oaittnsstgh38et%%ihreofoifrrrs66it.4ySaskeksagecrh/dlana.nycd.onTT1hs0hiu%issmwxweovdorhrkecknsosngouteutasttiat1not0ien101dg55 SXXFmo11er003t'ehkke.g ogoff
ftcheiusemhnnul(a7ac7tsaiemvalolenwwdtohooususllXddbecc3foo0onnrdsesauyumhsm/eeemlpaaoibbnnootguhuttoX88f..644a.4bXXkogu11t/00d3a1mmy0)gg5. mAPPeFFs/sOOkugSSm5((i.n04g.05t6Xh5m1e6g0f/iksmmhgeXgaX0se11ka5e3lX)cXo11n0s03u"kmg.e)d.TcThohinistsawwinooerrdkkss0.oc5uu6ttmt0og3/.akg,
cumulative dose before xvhelping ef about 105mg/kg (8.4 X103 mg/80kg)
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calculated cumulative dose probably represents that seen by populations of killer whales that eat seals.
1155333..00000033
33MMAA0000224422669900
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tswhether
rats.
marine
malnlnals
sucla
as
seals,
sea
lions,
and
killer
whales
are
less
sensitive
or
lunre
sensitive
than
ofT"Thhemealltooiwwneegssattndddoossteeheooff2
d11. .66mnang/gokfkggyettlhsmattatstcciaaouunsseefddor
oaanntaaaddlveerrosseef71eefffdfeaecytts.wwaaTsshggeiivvceeonnmffootri6 6vwweeeedeokksssebbueepffotorore
tmshaeantiign,g,
ttohhfee
week
week
helping of mating
whelping
s 113mg. and the 22 days
is 113mg/kg.
of
gestation
for
a
total
of
71
days.
The cumulative dose up to the time of
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reproductionass declined, rcproducing. This is highcr
reproductions has declined,
but herbas been no scientific sud 0 verity this than the norm. Apparently some field biologists believe
but there has been no scientific study to verify this.
killer
whale
RRiisskk CChhaarraactceterriizzaattiioonn::
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tlthhiheoeerncseca,allkcciuulslllieaagrttenewdidfhcciauuclmeamunsult~laanittsdiikvv.peeoddrTpoohosseeierseeoosffisw11n11ao33stmcmeagngl/co/kkuugglgahPtPeFiFdnOOptSoSutbtthdehaattatabccotaamouusscee1lss05rereeampprrtgoo/ddkuuugnccc.tteiirTvvteelafiiipsnmtvaypaali1niremntihesitnsatbittsoooku.mmt Staahumercmshlaadmslase.taTTahshiususs
odd there is
needed
ttaoo
rosa significant
reevaluate
the degree of risk. There is
the degree of
ris,not enough
risk.
input
data
to
calculate
uncertainty
in
this
risk.
Such data is
11553333..00000044
33MMAA0000224422669911