Document DDMBMGk3zOpa2j6RJMVejeMRM
Akron Beacon Journal 6 1
Wednesday, February 4,197$
i haseout
ofPYC
sought
The EPA is proposing that VC
By DAVID HESS I--con Joomsl Wultlagm Botom
and PVC plants reduce their emis sions by at least 90 percent. This standard would work out to a per- }
WASHINGTON -- Chiding the missible emission level of about 10
government for a "lax approach" parts per million of the gas or resin
to curbing hazardous vinyl chloride emissions, environmentalists called
in the air, or 10 times higher than : the 1 part per million allowed by j
Tuesday for tough new standards OSHA in factory work areas.
that would encourage phasing out the vinyl chloride industry.
Barry I. Castleman Environmen tal Defense Fund urged EPA to
At hearings conducted by the En adopt a more "stringent emission
vironmental Protection Agency standard/' approaching "zero emis
(EPA), a spokesman for the Envi sions/'
ronmental Defense Fund lashed out at EPA's proposed rule for reduc ing vinyl emissions from plants that
He said EPA should classify vinyl chloride uses according to products for which non-hazardous substitutes j
make the basic gas and the resin which form the root materials for hundreds of plastic products,
are readily available; products for which more study is needed to find substitutes, and products for which i
A spokesman for die plastics in* no reasonable substitues are avails- ;
jstry said manufacturers are pre pared to "do their best" to comply
ble.
:
with the proposed standards, even
EPA THEN could move to ban
though compliance would cost die use of VC and PVC in products
hundreds of millions of dollars.
where substitutes are available and
Vinyl chloride gas (VC) and poly vinyl chloride resins (PVC) have
encourage industry to find substi tutes for others, Castleman said.
been implicated in 27 liver cancer
Since substitutes are available for
deaths worldwide and are prime most vinyl Chloride products, Vc
suspects as the cause of serious and PVC production could be
damage to other vital organs.
phased out, he said.
Studies in Ohio and Norway sug gest that certain birth defects and
Industry spokesmen opposed this approach, arguing that the technolo
post-natal deformities are linked to j gy exists to make VC and PVC
sustained exposure to vinyl chloride plants safe.
emissions -- leading some research- I era to believe that VC and PVC may cause chromosome damage.
They said a sudden disruption of the industry could have "serious ec onomic consequences" not only for
VINYL CHLORIDE is the basic component of many everyday prod- j ucts, including phonograph records, garden hose, furniture and wall coverings, wire coatings, credit cards and footwear. It also is used in medical settings for such items
plasties workers but also for work ers in industries that depend on products from plastics makers.
Ralph Harding, head of the Socle- ty of the Plastics Industry, prom- j ised EPA that the industry is pre- j pared to meet the proposed stand- 1 ards, even though they "will cost I
as surgical hose and blood contain ers.
The federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration already
about $200 million for emission con- | trol equipment and another $70 mil lion a year in operating costs."
has imposed stiff emission stan
dards on VC and PVC in factory
work areas. The Food and Drug Ad
ministration is moving to ban the
use of PVC as a food wrapping.
1
HARDING and other industry spkesmen took issue with the envi ronmentalists' suggestion that 10 parts per million of VC and PVC in the air is dangerous.
Circulate to:
M. D. McClusky R. D. Scott J. L. Nelson E. B. Osborne K. Greene R. A, Krueger BMG Zwicker E. W. Harrington P. J. Weaver J. F. Malone C. R. Flynn R. D. Savage R. B. Downey
MfH^OvtUAy
p. R. Dept.
Harding said, "researchers nave found "no demonstrable health risk to the public who live in the vicinity of our plants."
A paper prepared by EPA, how ever, said a 1974 research project Indicated that "people living near these plants are at some risk of ad verse effects due to their exposure j to vinyl chloride in the ambient air near the plants."
EPA said an analysis of these findings points to the possibility of up to 10 cases of liver cancer a year and another 10 cases of cancer in other organs among people ex posed to an average of 1 part per million or vinyl chloride around die clock.
23975001
BFG28896
Cancer---------- g-sayeoeg
Continued from Page 8
recommending standards for occu pational exposure to a number of chemicals, and has published what it calls "criteria documents" for more than 20 substances.
The chemicals and substances include lead, asbestos, beryllium, trichloroethylene, toluene, ozone, several ketones and alkyl ben zenes, sulfur dioxide and ammo nia. Public hearings are to be held on all of these to develop stricter standards of exposure.
In addition, the proposed stand ards for lead, beryllium, trichloroethylene and toluene call for establishing what is called an "action level/' That means that when workers are exposed to onehalf of the permissible level, em ployers would have to give medi cal examinations to check for possible effects of exposure.
What seems to run through much of what is being learned about cancer-causing agents is the irony that technical advances often bring with them hidden haz ards. The convenience of the spray can for hair sprays, for example, depended on the stability of the chemicals called fluorocarbons. Now many scientists believe that fluorocarbons are drifting up into the atmosphere and destroying the protective layer of ozone, which screens out ultraviolet rays that can produce skin cancer.
The IARC study of suspect chemicals conveys the feeling that none is safe. In the past, for in stance, insecticides containing arsenic -- another substance on the list -- were used in the vine yards of Germany and France, exposing the laborers in the vine yards to a cancer-causing chemi cal.
BFG28897
Cancer--- 23376002
Cantinned from Page 6
Whaf seems to run through
recommending standards for occu pational exposure to a number at chemicals; and has published what it calls, "criteria documents"'for more than 20 substances.
much of what is being learned about cancer-causing agents is the irony that,,technical advances
often bring with them hidden haz ards. The convenienceof the spraycan for hair sprays, for example,
The chemicals and substances depended on the stability of the :
include lead, asbestos, beryllium, chemicals called fluorocarbons.
trichloroethylene, toluene, ozone, ' Now many scientists believe that
several ketones and alkyl ben fluorocarbons are drifting up into
zenes, salfur dioxide and ammo the atmosphere and destroying the
nia. Public beatings are to be held protective layer of ozone, which `
on all of these to develop stricter screens out ultraviolet rays that
standards of exposure.
can produceskin cancer.;-
In addition, the proposed stand ards . for lead, beryllium,; trichloroethylene and toluene call for establishing what is called an "action level." That means that when workers are exposed to onehalf of: the permissible level, em ployers would have to give medi cal examinations to check for possible effects of exposure.
The IARC study ofsuspect
chemicals conveys the feeling that
none is safe In the past, for- in-. V
stance, insecticides containing
arsenic -- another substance on':
the list -- Ware used-in the'vine
yards of Germany and France,,
exposing the laborers in the vine--
yards to a cancer-causing chemi
cal.
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