Document Bydovaravd8b60kN4p0oZ9mek

"'Tpead^iaiF^* 5t Emulsion Paints mm 18 HMBBALL U888M8M Mr. j* B. Bullitt* Lab, Mr. J. . Iliff, Lab. Mr. 0. R. B, Merkle, Lab, |W Mr. 0. V, Shay, Lab. M Mr. P. F. Rosb&oh, lab, "INDEXED" HPt6'S3 Philadelphia Laboratory cow.July 23, 1947 WIHiCI MEMOMMDBM REPORT M-I32i miif m > rr T PROPOSED PROGRAM FOR ELAT WALL BMTO3ICM PADRES This will bring together all of the known leads for the improvement of Speed Easy, to serve as a starting point for further work on this subject when the necessary manpower is available. It is felt that such improvements are badly needed, especially in anticipation of possible competition from the Hercules formula des cribed below. Leads for improvements in both wet erosion resistance (washability) and appearance {streaking resistance) are available and our product should be brought up to date as soon as possible, consistent with other objectives. Summary; 1. An improvement in wet erosion resistance is available through either the "split phase" pigmentation technique or the use of colloidal silica in place of part of the extender. Either method, however. Involves a substantial increase In oost and It may be that the use of more rapid drying oil phase vehicles may offer a more economical improvement. Such vehicles included dehydrated castor oil alkyds, ketene oils, and bodied oil - I alkyds. A sample of an emulsion flat recently submitted for test by Hercules combined good brushability with excellent wet erosion resistance. It is not known whether the GR-& latex or the Sresinol (proprietary emul sion vehicle) is responsible for the latter, and the cost picture is not known, 2. The use of colloidal silica offers the possibility of formulating a protein free product combining, for the first time, good brushing and good wet erosion resistance, with th obvious advantages of freedom from protein. 3. Color streaking is still a problem in Speed Easy, Weaco has formulated a series of color pastes, for shading- purposes, which we have not yet tested but which are reported to give streak-free deep tints. Such products are already sold by Sears Roebuck and by TJ, S. Gypsum (Texollte). They should be tested and duplicated if possible. The effect of pigment volume and vehicle absorption of the pigment in the white shading base should also be checked. Met Erosion Resistance? 1. The "split phase" formula (P-100-P-5491?) described In Research Report Mbs, 855 end 815 show a 4~ to 5- fold Improvement over the present Speed Easy in wet erosion resistance, a signif i cant improvement in application properties, and an Increase in self sealing which helps to diminish tendency towards streaking of the second coat, The cost as calculated in January 1946 was 12 oents higher than that of the conventional Speed Easy, Of this cost, 7 cents was due to material cost and 5 cents to processing. An attempt to lower the manufacturing cost by dispersing the prime pigment in the finished emulsion in one milling operation rather than in the resin phase in a separate operation was unsuccessful, but more work on this point is needed, The following program is suggested,* a. Disperse the prime pigment in the finished emulsion at higher or lower viscosity. Investigate the use of "flushing agents" . (introfiers), Apply the "low viscosity casein" principle developed by c. . Shay (Book #3155, page 169, #3235 page 15). b. Study possible correlation between this finished emul sion pigmentation procedure and the similar procedure which has been used successfully in emulsion gloss paints (Book #3284 page 172 and following). c. Investigate lower cost ingredients such as: Soya protein for all or part of casein Linseed oil or soya bean oil acids for isoline Mineralite Mica for Aratone Cheaper vehicles such as tall oil aoylated phenolios, d. Study pigment volume ladders to determine whether the product is formulated at a high or a low pointrton the hiding vs. pigment volume curve. See Research Report #878 for theory. e. See Research Report #835 for other leads, 2. Patent applications under cases Sveda and Shay I and horning and Shay I (Book #3235) cover the use of colloidal silica in Speed Easy, A four fold Improvement in wet erosion resistance in the conventional formula is available, but at a cost of 26 cents per gallon (S. G. to J, M. 6/3/4?}. Mhen the Speed Easy program la reopened the possibility of providing colloidal silica at a lower cost should be taken up with Grasselli. DUP030003010 3. Fast? drying vehicles, soma of which are specific to emulsion paints, should be reexamined. These include POO aifcyds, bodied oil-PE alkyds, ketene oils and possibly aoylated phenoltes. A 0, S. Gypsum patent# #2,379,402, covers the us of dehydrated castor oil and should be examined before re prooede too far in this direction. 4. A sample of an experimental flat, SR-41969 received from Hercules, shoes a 10 to 20 fold improvement over Speed Easy in ret erosion resistance, and satisfactory brushing properties as nearly as can be determined from small scale applications. (Book #3320 pages 39, 49, 63, 121 and I83) It contains one of the Dresinols and a .small amount of GR-S type 3 latex. Its properties have been duplicated with Dow latex #312* He do not know whether the excels, lent rater resistance Is caused by the Dresinol or by the latex} undoubtedly the very lor pigment volume (42$) contributes in part. Further rork indicated includes valuation of the Dresinols and of rubber like latices. 5. The effect of lorering the pigment volume, even at a sacrifice in hiding -power, should be investigated and considered. Color Streaking: 1. The color pastes developed by Weaco and those sold by U. S. Gypsum (Texolite) and Sears Roebuck should be tested in med ium and deep tints and analysed and duplicated if they shoe promise. 2. In connection nth the development of solution type architectural flats (Research Report #871), a color streaking similar to that seen with Speed Easy ras found, with certain high oil absorption extenders, at high pigment volume ranges. This indicates that further extender and pigment volume studies in Speed Easy are needed. 3. Disclosures In patent #2,404,463 should also be investi gated. Protein Free Speed Easy; In all of the protein free flats which we have made, the high wetting agent content required to give satisfactory brushing properties has resulted in poor wet erosion resistance. The use of colloidal silica as per Graves and SHay Case I (Book #3235) offers a possible lead for a better balance of these properties. Ho sta bilizer for the colloidal silica is required in a protein free paint, and it might be possible to obtain a better cost picture than in standard Speed Easy* The Dresinols contain low casein content, if any. should be evaluated in further detail. mmmijmk l abo r at o r y They a jeer STUART GRAVES DUP030003011