Document ByZmkMom2myvaEb1yKY8Dr8jw

MISCELLANEOUS REPORTS OF EXPOSURE -TO TE L INDEXED AND SUMMARIZED (FRONT OF F IL E ) - f >1 remiss ?T> "0, 7i o? ?i~ io t s fir-ns u pc s i SP7K3 02 Ka3/.-.V23L ISAJ) PGI3- ;:;es j April 1 1935, ':; o i 3 7 .) p 3 :'Ij o first -?sry U11 roport of.tls Oosaittoo -..as presented August 20* 1924 - 'i-iioo that- time, rsinor. reports have bo@n rosohted dealin-:? %'ita the cstivltios of the torsiittos AThich has ^vss unroRitting stuajr to the preblaas involrofi# VAg following report presents a sasesary of 3agray aad haytoa. cases of poisoatns to late v.ith other smttors to date - of importance and interest, tsith the exception that no formal statistical reports than far haTo been obtain able from the da Pont plasty %rr^4 ksw -KF 0017215 i no After /iffrota Autopsies iases. tonvalesosaea Uayton Oases ' impmter Cases "asaantling insriaeats 3Sfeaust 'las Tispartamfcg 'lisards of lisps aure at the Baytssgr Hast. T&sards of Isnosurs at the Dayton plant "^sards of ?fecposu at tfes not? feull&iag of the da font Plsait y-xafear of oases of-Poisoning- ' : zrasfear of Deaths LTicafear of oases of safe. system observed in 63Batieata `lesearoh lase&rcfcas. feeing Prosecuted at Saytoa Symptom as'produced fey different types ofesposures ^reatsssnt employed tfeoat 3 ? Q- 3 J? it A " ?? -3 s? 12 r? 13 " IS ?: II * 13 * 3 !t 5 ? 8 11 w6 * 10 3 At Safway At Eeepaster At Baytoa n o p mca At Baywsy .:.% Deepwater Payton ?/ 7 ' 'i ` C'~P'3 71 49 - oa ^shoa tMr are records* there hare heart several others o?i t-'ham: there are no records. I probably . L^-it 10 oases) 1# * sciourriftg `tefore 3r* Sshoa to Payton as physician* Bhsra ":rsre no eases from August* 1924* until October. All told*. t2S: oases In. Dayton rim to about GO*. Shore are no eases at: proseat at Dayton* 13 oases since October 1st - all Mia early oases. 133 total reported eases* Altai :r-jKibor of recoveries Auatber of asea returned to noraal or part tise mrk Iftofcer who have left the service of the Company 06 5B 11 ITuaher. seat to hospitals 'lustbe-r treated at ham ZreggAWS QAmS' 31 20. KE 001721 :'t ."-'At'- - Appxph mgMMm-r-: tfflflfhay, Qf 000792*103 Eas&sr of sm returned to wwlt at plsat lisabss1 rsmiaia^.. iasapacitats^ 49 - a.il. $*, $1290*8 00303 7 - all others ar olsswharo at wor*? noa - 'a lelayod results 'have appeared* "tssher sent to hospitals :ta*bs'.t9atea at laaas.. doss all HE 0017218  S3* ; 5 ' BIEBS3 OF OASIS OF BA3H 3SSPS1 <Bm$m W 68 FAfISSf , mmBtMjjT jfxaiss, .. ' Sstottaas ' Banter of fltaaa Hotod InsoBnia SesdaoJis Fersrcusness Frosfcratioa Tertige 3p##as:' rausea .r3sjitiag Anorexia. aobstipation .Olararlsoea ijJMrst ::outh '-Tooturla Pains Is groins Jkleainal pain Otue? paius iretallic tests loss 3f pallor L9$j$j$oied pressure -;10v7 pulse Fslirius stippling lead la. stools lead 1st urine Lowgrejl. temperature PypQSiiSlditjr A&atono ;.ll5t-23U 3d.a tost Treaors Scotosaa Increased isosstiiar reactions Enlarged pupils Itching . Bftss-ous sasafijran irritation ' 68 57 30 43 33' 4i. 38 24 4? 7 g IS 17 14 7 20 5 13 41 g 46 2S s 23 17 j 19 13 l 3 13 5 g 7 1 4 1 EOgBs 20t all these patients had the -urinefl sweat and stools exasiinsd*. Aaong 29 patients tslios stoolswere assuained, lead was present in 17# 'jfce urine ms eaaaain& in 3 eases and lead -was present in only one case*, although in the tea instances - in 'which load ms absent, froa the urine if-ms present in tit stools*. K 001721-9 - - - *J :& ,..;faa v y-t. 'Aiiieiz-A . 6- summm a s pr o d d o -s d b y rsimmm o f -m?mm Tim behavior. of grouping of symptom 'varied somewhat in ooaaaetion with different processes# Wo t example, the m first poisoned at Dayton- showed little* if any* gasomlatien or ^stippling*1 of the rod bleed. corpuscles,' whereas, later on, .in connection with a Afferent proems, a number of patients presented this symptom* About one-half the patients esssalned at tlis Reconstruction Hospital also glowed it# When tha ethyl, chloride process first was "developed by. the' chemists at Bayogy, they felt auit confident tl&t it mi$it prove less hazardous than the etlyl bromide-process, but animals poisoned with both, substances, in experiments rads for the Coasalttes at -Baye&y, sbowed that the reverse appeared to ho the case# Horeover, at the du. Pont plant the original bromide process was sirraltansously conducted while the newer ethyl chloride process was oparated, yet itpraa in the latter work that the recant sadden cut-break of poisoning occurred* pha wall-known stimulating effect of inhalation of ethyl chloride v?as evident in some of. the--workmen?. that is, Tsm who were perhaps' fooling tired and- a little out of sorts, would feel temporarily better while working in the plant, as if they gained soma slight exhilaration frosi traces of the vapor in the air, but oa going home they would collapse again* Ken working on the night shift appeared to coffer now than those employed during the day, in many instances. At Dayton, with the reduction of exposure to tetraethyl load, and with tM greatly decreased rate of- absorption of lead, there has bees-a change -in the clinical' picture of .-the. poisoning,, 2h subjeetiv sya^tams do not- appear in smh pronounce! form, in feat, in sons cases they do not appear until after the signs of lead absorption have put in their appearance^ In several cases in which no com plaint has been made, it has been possible to find slight stippling of the blood K 0017226 7 eells, aa the first indication that lead ms being absorbed* IVis-necessary* therefore# to loo's for fas signs of ordinary load j^isonta as -mil as fete poisoning before pronouncing a given saploy free of iisduvSlj^o^tiOn* This situation ssai5.s it pcssibi to reeogails the danger of poisoning "before the subject is conscious of any illness# Because of this* it soesis lively t*t the danger of any protracted iilaesa.in omployoes la the Saytoa plant\ay: be o^erooas coapletely* A practice is sad of removing froa all exposure any employs wbo shorn say of tbs s'igis of lead absorption. Th signs which appear ar9 as follows. Slight drop in blood pressure, subnormal temperature# alow palse# an occasional stippled erythrocyte {le* granules? red blood' corpuscle) in the blood* Oysptess say or laay net aoccsapsosy ties signs* \ slight drop in the blood pressure and temperature is not significant when the subject las a- sold or sir? other infectious or other iwasdiate cause for fatigue* ruwever* in. the-: absence ..of these things*' and if the subaorsali fcy be persistent it is considered sufficient cause for cessation of exposure*- In such. cases stippling almost invariably appears**-, Its appearance, with or v/ithout the other si^as. is considered an indication of load absorption* Heedless to say* the appearance of definite symptoms of sleeplessness or of disturbing dreams, if they occur is rare than the asst fleeting manor* is always considered seriously* Convalescence usually lias been protracted sail although, many patients wra able to be up and waiting about*, they' nevertheless felt waalc and ware slow in refining appetite and weight* Snsamia also was a usual symptom as wall m low blood pressure# The psyohological effects of tbs disaster at Bayway received consider able study at the Beaonstruotion Hospital*. In generals it .was found that many patients wfco .showed"very; few genuine symptoms while at homo-wore so excited by - ' 3. - .8 - & alarmist talk ^eh ms ciroolitea by. tbs public press- and otlir*4se that t'aey were a tin look-out eonstaatly for sy&ptos Which diluot rwally exist la themselves* TJhsa these men tiers bratsg-ht over to the Beconstruetlon Hospital STergr effort: divert tbss* Shey wer taken'out miking la the opposite central Sark were given- astor bus rides a-radio ms installed for tlisir use* and the-general atmosphere of haer in the institution ms no sasall factor in shortening the dixratioa of illness* - A??h h "zrmTS Poduating tli fiw deaths feoa the sev@atyK>ne patients poiso^M at Eapssfv there reaaia sixty-six* Of this aatiro number only one oa Jtarsh 2Qth 1923 - nearly fir Heaths after the original poisoning - remained ia any inaapasitatod ant Ms syaptoms mra practically gone* Tta .other patients :a?3 sii-jvss no permanent 'mental or physical symptoms'beyond- the fact that-'traces of load ?,say still probably "bq foiad ia the stools of a fevr of them asd one or too have occasional gastric dlstmbaaoes^ A great majority namely 64 of the nsa Slave beesa returned to either fall or part time work*, 'Aeven hare for various seasons left the service of tie Qamm&+, a patients.having.ad-id eys^tosse^nii ws decided to-detewdae whether lead stored in the body could b caused to be excreted by producing as acidosis* -O tiila end calcitat chloride ms gives followed "by bicarbonate of soda and in soma cases , this seemed to increase the load output*,. In all tbs patients studied the chief source of lislnation ms i'oimd, to be through the bowels* Although lead ms found ia a number of instances xa the urine, it - often -ms-'absent fr-ss that secretion 'While being eliminated ia con- KM 00172:4 3 siderdble quantify in the stools* Xa a few oases tasted* slight elis&natica ms found to, talcs .place through the skin* iSgg: Although thirteen deaths wore recorded* only four autopsies were thor- oughly made* Xa two or three instances in connection with all three plants* autopsies were amde by; outside authorities, which T>rorsd so superficial as to bo of vary little scientific value* la other oases, permission for autopsies s refused*, ?ba four accurate autopsies were saade by 2r# Charles Sbrris, Chiof Medical ibeaaiaer of Seer York City, upon patients who died at the Reconstruction Hospital* Tha gross appearances ia these oases only 'have thus far been reported for the cheat cal and aioroscopio examinations require several months for their completion* 'fhe liedical Rsataiser Is' exceedingly busy and although repeated efforts have -been made to hasten this work, it has not yet been completed* -aie Hxandner stated that one of the four patients presented no gross appearances at the autopsy from which lead poisoning could have "been diagnosed without previous knowledge of the man's occupation^ Xu thro other patients* however, the characteristic finding were as follows- 'Sxtreaae congestion of the `bronchial mucous lasdbrcae'* and the lungs showed "extreme congestion and slight edossa5** "Ji'40 bloodvessels oa iha- surface of the brain showed "intense 'engorgement" "and the outer layer of -brain ...substance- showed "small hemorrhages"** Share, was also soma, congestion of the abdominal viscera* In one esse there was a peculiar bright rod appearance of the mmolm* In one ease, blood -ms present in the brain sinuses* In thra patients the cause of death ms given as ,fHa33rrhagio Bronohopnetxmnis.^t In ta fourth case* it was given as "General Visceral congestion"*. la the only case in which the partial chemical analysis has been consisted,' a very largo quantity of lead was "found -in the -brain- substance* said to be-about seven-and .one-half grains* 00,173u \ h@ onsets of treatment mere- tmfoll? first, to relieve immediate asd urgent gyspiamss second* to promt elimination of load from tlm body# ' thez-o^ef' sy-ptosas requiring immediate relist were- insoffi&a, delirium*.' gastrio disturbances. ant abdominal pains it was found that the insomnia. was ex ceedingly obstinate* although a great variety of hygadtioa were ployed* most of tbes proving without effect and morphine particularly mdo the syaptom worse*. Parsldehyd and similar . drugs, also were well-nigh useless*. Bromides were gives up to the assess!ve individual dosage of-90 grains vi th partial relief ia some oases* la one ease of violent delirium treated at the -M Pont plant* apemorphine s given bypoderaatically with jaarhsd relief causing sleep which lasted for some Irrars* 'Than the symptoms subsequently recurred ia this patient* the same treat ment was again effective-#, she abdominal pains were relieved by applications of heat -and:such' remedies. as cadein# with- evacuation of.-the bowels* To promt elimination*.. the patients -were encouraged to drink large quantities of fluids# plain water# lemonade* u&Us and vichy, to. She hovels wove strongly evacuated with saline cathartics# Perspiration ms inauoea hy hot padcs and eleotrie light baths-* So the patients at the Jettonstract!oh Hospital sodium thiosulphate ms given by injection into the veins,*. -Ms remedy lias been ostensivaly used also in racury poisoning to promote elimination and in some of the patients treated at the Keconstract!on Hospital, it seemed of considerable value*. Alhaliea such as soda and magnesium sulphate were given to counteract supposed acidosis*, la the. mildest cases the only treatment followed ms the removal of the patient from further exposure to the poison and placing him under conditions of abundant fresh air aM sunlight with moderate exercise* It was tb coRmon experxBtm that patients-with mild syaptoms. who mere leapt in bed did less well 'than KJF... 0017224 these.s^wsre^reged. .poison 4s Iwarn* 11 out and live .in the opea-air* . So antidote-for- the 1 ' (a) oissssical asgsaria^fe plant \'s) i^speriaeatsl tmtmSmtming plant. (1) iron-segsrsgptosi of machinery and wrte ' {2} Growdi&g (3) Oonstysstioa iisultaaoously conducted with production (4) Dust (5) ruses - Blowouts (8) Spills \'t) Paiiur of as of protective oq.ai^Bat ?a) Qlieoiasl '3gpeyliaeat-?iaat>' a ais plant oos-jpie^eosaparati^ly ssaall , about 30 i 40 fa&t aauare* '?$& apparatus ms all of ex^risasat&l sis* the chea&sts sere eoastaatly preseat with the x&iQ&Tt&am sad only s score or so of assn -ear exposed in all* .-.a they 'sere all under constant eareful supervision# ao sgagstons of any seriousness ware observed ia this plant* (t>) ffca Experimental S&anfscturing Elsat# (closed by the Sedical Bepartaent oa October 25* 1924*) fhis s a mph,- larger room where all the. aaehinery mm- grouped#. with the exception of that for the emit part of the worse which was conducted outdoors# la this plant there .aa the obvious fault of sou-segregation and of over-crowding, so that any worhsssn might be eallsd during Ms shift to work in any part of the rooia* at any part of the process# and th space between th various nieces of appar atus was considerably crowded*- Simultaneously construction ms going os. with prod- . notion# It therefore happened that a number of patients were among ths employees who -were not process men at all# hut rdpo fitters or other: mechanics^- One-sea HE 0 0172-15 - 132 - at';tI.j^Moastrueti(t Hospital bad been woiddng only upon a ventilator ia tfca xooff, Stsrfchermors* ia this ^aporimsiatai Slaaufaeturiug Plant* about orrs-third 5 ,#f the zoqs..*8'screened off by ebicbsa-urir for the.conduct of entirely different :l 'work* such as testing fire brie!?* ate* Sere* two aea were poisoned, who merely Uqd' through the rest of the plant to got to their mads* haying been exposed to the escaping ftssag cn several occasions, -which filled the entire room. la this plant also* the anteslaves wre filled mith lead alloy from a platform raised soma tea feet above the floor* She process vas very dusty sad from this elevation* dust readily ms disseminated* Several so-called 'H)lowmtsM occurred at this plant# ashing it'necessary for all the tarn to rash out of the building and remain- outside* seaetiaeg for two or three Soars* before all traces of odor of ethyl chloride could be removed-*, Shore were various occasions mhea spills (ioourrad sad there sag opportunity for SJdn, contact with tetraethyl lead*. Owing to this generally missed sMsaets? of tl tjorfe it ms-istpossihle to determine from the employees ~?Uo had been espoaed* Just what had been at fault for each particular ease* fhsra ma, for various reasons*- failure- of constant us of the protective appliances m>Moh >?4 been rmotaaeaded by the JSedieal. Bep&rtaeatf prsasmxro o f b a iw ay f l a m* Ott the occasion of the dismantling of the Bayway Plant the Hedical De partment ..ordered the--.strictest' protective measures for the- mrSaneru. fhay mre slat, is jobber--frost head to foot and the entire plant -ms thoroughly washed down with mter to allay dustv^--- k large-gang of t&m war assigned to the tiorfe so that it msconducted'- intensively while strict stgsrvision .was maintained* with the re sult -that no trouble of any sort foliou&% KE 001722C *>*J A-Wg'- y- , ,,* **<* *v* *> V5 - * ?&3iiejB3~og Tgposnas a ? ms irr/ PTrrmm o f gns m ?mf amt (finals resold is incomplete as no data have been iurB.ial1.0d the OoaEaittee ' ' subsequent to its visit on February Io,, 1934*) Host of thB -mimnlm -l4 occurred; la th tm upper floors of the five- itary building*. It appeared there might have boon some la&ag around gaskets or \ valves and that in ths process of emptying the load alloy into autoclaves* ethyl ohlorid vapor, ms released in considerable quantity through m 13 inch cap at th end of the autoclave Too much reliance hod been placed on the supposed perfect ion of ventilation and th mtm therefor had mot wsa masks* .;hreovr9 there -mre sixteen autoclaves filled* twice each day, sad at varying intervals during the day* Therefore there was the possibility of scape of ethyl ohloride vapor at any time containing traces of tetraethyl lead derivable from sixteen eighteen-inch circular openings* Tbs workmen in this process wore no assies*, a s the two "upper floors of tbs building are separated only by an interrupted flooring* any hazard from escaping- vapors -mightbe cornea to both floors* Inasmuch as ethyl chloride is more difficult to cvnflne than steam* unusual tightness of valves* gaskets, caps* to* aast be secured^ mSMD3 OF IgPQSTIRB AT TH! mYTOif PMgf 1. Filling drums -with "Ethyl" fluid* 2* 'fashing drums 3 Cleaning-and decapping smlX can-in uhioh fluid formerly w&s shipped^- (Hazard hers from inhalation of dust.} % Analytical and experimental work on tetrasthyl load*. ^ filling of small cans of "Ethyl* fluid and the handling of them has been completely discontinued, thus. eliminating most of the greatest hazards*. Shsra will'now b no appreciable exposure to the dust of tri-ethyl load salts** Paring th past, seven weeks (i^ prior to. April 1, 1325) ths hazards at Dayton have been ve*y materially reduced^ Shis is a result of the. complists ais- . i- "' 'Jr'-". 14 - -aistfibutioMsf -.*2ia*yln' fluids in-, small containers* At on .stroke the awit important h&aarda at Ms plant lavs beei* eliminated* first* the filling Of ti small containers provided an exposure to the risk of spillage and 'A;:., |aMlatiu* Second* the return's? those containers to- the-plant, for cleaning. and V ; reAlllag' brought about an exposure to the Inhalation of dnat $Mrd* both of .v" these- operations required the employment of a considerable naa&er of men* Tifith. this operation discontinued the 'actual Sanger-'-of exposure. has been greatly.-reduced* and-.the number-,of. employees-. also Ms been reduced* fh hasards which now remain to Be considered are as follows* 1* vha filling of dross of ''Sthyl* fluid#, Ms is being done in a well ventilatM room* She constituents are piped into this room and are not handled in any "W by the employe* fhoir-delireiy into the dries is carried out by auto matic filling devices which reduce the possibility of spillage and inhalation to a minimum* 2* She unloading -of tetraethyl lead into storage tanks* ffihis* too* is aecosplighod with a minimal amount of danger from exposure* She slight inhalation of vapor* which might be `-had,- is prevented by the use of masks*. 3* fhe mashing of drums* fhis is being done in a specially demised chamber* by means of automatic machinery* and appears to 'be a safe process-**- 4*, Analysis of tetraethyl laad^ fhe process*, which is carried out by a single: chemist*: involves a -slight amount of- exposure# gQraar.moaths. ago a great number of small pumps which had been used at Bsytba for dispensing the concentrated fluid,,-;, war returned to the plant^ In an. attest to clean these qtitcfcly and get them out of the way* a number of sea were poisoned, by the inhalation' of the dust of - tr-ehyl. lead salts*, -fhis single operation carried out for a little more than q rtstik. brought about than half of the eases of poisoning which hare occurred is Dayton since October# K ET ;.s- .1:.......... 15 <sf 3las &&&&* ^::s of tte aagnitni of tte hazards at D&ytoa teg bean followed by'a- gratifying decrease ia tte aarster of pan** of poisoning*, Since 0tbe3^fi*tt,r 1924, there have beaa bat eigMsea .eases of all Made* (inalufiing tte ahefe group poisons! fey inhalation of dost)* . A ainater of tte$ patients report ed testis m eases of "poisoning* afm bmsm ill# but mm iflisted froja .tfeadj* e- ploysmt besauss oftte&iseovesy of ob^eotivs signs of lead absorption* Steh naan did sot loe-stis* butv?? either released er trstefarred to otter positions* lone of the-eighteen were torioasly.ill^.tlsio^^/a.fOw of them ted syspioss which persist- @3 for several weehs. at a time* BlggRIBOTISa TsmAMTETL tSXD Tim Coins!tte has fo.aaalatd definite and e&apretensive roles applicable to all es^ioyeos handling tetraethyl lead ia transportation* ia filling stations delivery basis wagons: eta*- Prints posters of warning algo are displayed ia the fillip stations sad any on purslmsi&g sibyl gasoline is furnished with a printed art of naming gainst its tee for say otter purpose than' the legitisate one of a Esoter fus% Copies of these rslssv ?ala*lete sad mraiags as appended to thia report* Th& Stsdisa1 Be^BOrtsaent of tte Standard Oil Co&pany of Hew Jersey'farther- sore employs a special inspector who is borrow! frsa* tte service of tte TMied states Bureau of anas and t?!s visits all tte filling stations where tetraethyl imd is supplied^ 3 sates weeHy reports t tte Bsdjteal Bepartessat conoeraing tte faith fulness with which tte rales are carried out and reports say errors in soastmstioa or failure to. observe literally tte rules regulations; Shas fay:. tte reports tev bean ezsineatly satisftetory. and ns`eases ff poisoning have been dissevered**. .great ncagig ;;5fvV-.V--. Ste esnerlsaats instituted by tte Cosafsittee ia tte Industrial ^;iea,e laboratory of OolusMa Solvevsity node *'Professor yiiaa and tte Baited States Bnreaa KZ 0017229 V - 16 - of Sines laboratories--at Dittsburgh lsaw been closely supervised by the Geumlttee wisl made frequent visits to. these laboratories* fhs vast of the two laboratories also has been coordinated by correspondence and -personal interviews*. . She main object of the experiment#: from the pcssalo sad publi health point of yi,m is. to determine trig possibility sad- degree- of hazard for. the pai>lic ia handling Bthyi Gasoline* Shis object las been Icept strictly ia mind-although there are* of coarse* many-.scientific -features-of 'the subject which are of -collateral- interest*' Sfeifchsr one of tbs., laboratories is yat ready- to males-.a final report "bat it- weald seem to be established thus far that daily shin contact of lltlyl Gasoline through a period of a few nealcs is capable of causing such degree of tetraethyl load absorption that lead ray be determined in- the stools of the'animals esperimanted, 'upon* some of them already hare shorn- symptoms of chronic lead poisoning* It dees not seem to the. Committee* once this fact definitely is established* that it is necessary to prose ente this lino of experimentation-further* Details of the rate- of -absorption, in different snissals in-..relation to the surface exposed* their body-wol^its, ete* to determine maximum and idnimaa dosage are interesting scientifically bat can hardly bo applied to human beings#; she whole question is whether lead say be absorbed and stored in the human system through prolonged or f&eepxeat shin ooataot with- L'thyl Gasoline* One that fast' is determined it matters little* in tbs individual case* haw snob or how little load is absorbed* or over how large a surface it be applied*, 'iKKUm (IAS With exhaust.gas*- experiment# mere instituted by the General liters Chemical cospaay before the Bthyl Gasoline Committee ms appointed and have now been conducted for about a year*-. After eight months of experiments^, ft public report ms issued by the Bureau of Hinee** practically completely exonerating the fuses fro any hssard for the public*. Eovertholess* there is a group of scientists at Tale, - *- -- V. g> 2 3D Gores'llHaiWrsitiea* *?te tew soon fit to criticise severely these sets# personal teowledge of them asd ulthout asdgr attempt to re peat tfam ttewsiws* Etey tew seat a slashes? of Gossmmications to the Buhlis Sealtfrsossaitt of 13m fork AeMeay of Hedieine disparaging ttes e^rlrasats* It is the opinion of the Estraethyl lead Cosmaftts that if these isea could o indue- 'ei to visit the teterateniet themselves ami Xoara. at first sand wtet they are crit icising* their satsgonisti view islght to great degree ha modified* . . Surgeon SasemI Guessing of tte-Halted. States- indslie Health Service has promised to call a conference upon tlm v&ol sabjeet of-tetraethyl lead poisoning from the publia health point of vies* S tee*':, hoeever*been dissuaded from doing this until such time as the laboratory occperlmeats m& be completed**. `wawtm.as b b : 1* Ete .Of Eetraetkyi bead from Gasoline* Is view of the fact that the application of the gasoline and a subse quent possibility of absorption of concentrated tetraethyl lead* experiments haw been perfosssed to determine ishetter or not tetraethyl lead may b absorbed out of the liquid gasoline* Ehle is obviously tbs assaaer in ehich exposure my take place In mn* Th@ manner of sperisentation and the details of the resuite are not in- eluded in the present discussion*. HOwwr*^ it has bet shorn that tetraethyl load may be absorbed byrS^ritseatal anfcaale eut'of-'gasoline* ustea the eselnaiv expssur of'the animal is to the solution of tetraethyl lead in gasolines i* when care is taken to prevent the possibility of evaporation of th solvent*, Ehis indicates tbe probable futility of attempting to protest against skin absorption by the application to th skin of oils sad grosses uhich will be solvents for tetraethyl 1M| ;. J being continued rrith concentrations of tstra- l??-! load i guttllaft jaav nearly cmmm?tele to those occurring in "Ethyl Gasoils*** fc* SfcrjjjjMfflttm vfi'XMft % M Pol*a*d by Stetraathyl lead* > -.1 <- * Of IKW# been rnt on tfeft secretion of load in that lead Is easer@t#d both in the fasces aM ia the ^ THPtarof %' to qimtiiies varying from a fraction of a isilUgran / up to fir t&lilfgrams* for a 4w&ty*-foKs? boor period* Isons case the quantity excreted 'in the, urtns e&s4$il that in the faeces for a corresponding period* In all others tte quantity secreted is tbs faeces, ess greater than that in the uttetc* StaStSt *ft&gaat* {feeesns incosplets) study has been made n tb infldaswi* of twfen# as|ts'm iha cccoretion of load* In. three out of four cages the adairfstnitlw. of sodium bicarbonate in & doeag of twenty grams per day Increased th quantity (aerated is twoaty four hours* Tbs increase in tha rat of secretion varied frois thirty to fifty nereeatja-. In on ease a affect was proth' ducedf. Is/oa esse in tdiich it ms employed#'c&lciuas chloride, at the rate of fifteen grssao dally,' increased the secretion of lead in both tsrin and faeces to almsst double its former quantity** . - 1 . ~i each failed to increase accretion* la one case# sodium chloride and sodiusa citrate ^perteeatatioa both ia ma and in shisals is being continued along tldo line* If soerotioa em bt obtained and jmiatainod at,, a high enough level, no acewmlatir efSct'Vill b# protasotliy load, at least is the case'of employees tmdor direct tao&ical controls . 2>.- rfh Easord froai "Ethyl OasolineV A considerable nuabor and variety of aniaals iv being used to dates*- ula the Irnsasd nm tbo above souroe*^ Experiments are in stash a stag as to StSsilttod for fhe fstraefcbyl Lead Costal ttea by Br >*i. W* ' ails'a..a s. fMapson* Cbairasa. sad Dr* Robert A- ISslioe* 1 Kr 0017233 i :f "`Si? -