Document ByJe3vEJ0b8rLJBqQrzrBNDdw

t ! 2 * . sj 7* serosa C TO CTTT3 rLLZ'^XS \SS CCl^AsT Bs?.72?V iiI ir ^ / Koreabsr 30 , 1944~ S' ) i Letter of TransnittsJ. a 4 4.. '*--*5 et i *. Cm? * ate e 2 4 C f s 3 2 3 7 7 3 Vcmla k llotloi used in Hiring Inrr?diatts for 31- 10 C^nar*! Ccnnsnts on Sitties C; 7 to CliO ... Li * &r^ a w* ozi of a.ire <t c>ilic a . lame Uccjls. .... *5 15 *K Haisinc ^tilers cf Siztcs.t *:st ?'-n. Variation in tic* of testing a <tcctc v Variation of Irnuratica Tine I T*' . . . _ . 16 17 IS J. -- * 2 T .>!***% . . a.. Variations in Clay and Croie Asbestos . . Vt-iuln; tfter retrying at 11C*C............................ iuii;iiin? to. Hydrate ..... Sltai* as Substitute for Clay. 13 IS 19 23 26 11 i i% [ . : O * -.'22 C7 CC.~Z.~23 - Table 3 v . -. X XX III IT Pijsr Pulp used as Suspending ITediun Patches C>?-:iZ2 Patio 1:1 Q-iiciiwS Instead of Emirate Shale instead of Clay ?^- a 11 ::-xi ^/ 27 C >i arts . X Paper Pulp - Pounds per cubic foot 73* L!o lulus IX Paper pulp - Percent Pulp 73. i'olulus . 221 Tariation la Clef ard Asbestos 17 Cuici I}.-,? cent area '.vita line Hylrate T Shale compared rita Clay vx Change of density and Kodulus during 2 to 3 ncuths1 ageing 12 13 25 23 29 1Z3:G3 chmists- C**'6*O0C,lt5*CHUl CTT| Korvuber 30f 1944* 0-..-C-23 Illinois Glass Ccr.pany Toledo . CLio . Attention; L'r. g. ?. 3r'.-e3 :-entl*r=n: C-57334 '' '| TTe present herewith a Seventh ?royres3 r.oport cn Tie Sbadarental Study of Z-LQ and a proposed new / 4 ^ ft ^ ^ - ^ i -- ^ V# ; Recent testa Indicate tint 1.5 to 2.0 of either sulfate >ooi pulp or of ug-.-oprirt in tie form of ; slurry is superior to tie 5 to if$ of beaten asbestos i previously used, as a suspending agent. - Til a snail j i amount of organic matter dees notsuoke rhea the C-LO is : heated up to lvG5*7. Tie u*.e of T-ocdpulp in place of . asbestos represents a considerable saving in tie cost of raw materials and also cakes a better product. Tie use of vroodpul? aa a suspending medium also opens up tie possibility of correlations between chemical analyses and physical tests. Rhen asbestos is used in the nailing * Z-10 tie chemical analysis of tie product becomes so complicated that it is very tine J i \ 2 consunbng tad the iota rpretatica or results so diffic ait tad questionable tb.it vr bars not considered this n-et bod or investivatica rorth the tir_3 involved. Kost of cu previous chsuical tail 7ss3 *--;r-a auls on vary mill - - -on:-3 -.-hero tbs settles dur.ins luluration as vary silent, "a -c-j hr.vs a prooedur a by r-hich vs eta mhe bico>3 1 sr* enough for any desired physical tente, but cmtainins no asbestos and therefore suitable cr chonical analyses* We tre tlso including in this report data tbit bis teen collected In cur study or irduritica time, end .tuny other variables concerned with tbe u.aiia.5 o* 2-LO* Sot enough iaTomaticn is as yet available a the =-Q:ir-g tie- is rined for ~-L0 ante T-bth beaten --sbestos, will also hold for E-LO cade with paper pulp. .. t i\ U. o j i t i i I.*;??. Q3JC?X 0 IT Cur wor'* ca E-LO for nearly a year .as c:r- cerred with the ruling of batches ty - iry--S *0--3113, v try la 5 raw nit trials and Tsar;* la 5 tiz.i r- 4 * . induration, tad evaluation of the erte it Cf _* : t :ic / clerical analysis of the product. rue r uiztus hu3 been devoted to 23 ion . of various fo&ui&s, tlnaa aad tenp-rature3 ty phycical tests oa tie product* sis gave infomatica that groat-? assisted in plmnins cf fomulas for larger batches which as acted In cur sixth progress rt;rt ir-s greatly ruvsricr in strength tc l:/ siniiar previous product, we hare never teen tela to ccr- relate cor chenieal analyses with quantitative tests of W * ft* ? V W*- V W* * _ V 1C <1 * prevented such crrrel&ticn vas the c suspending redid* VTnen asbestos is used fo this pur pose the conplezity of the clerical analyses mie the results worth!ess for deternizing the extent cf tie re-ic- tion or calculating types of hydrate forrsd. 3iocfcs large enough for physical tests had net teen succss 2 fu117 produced without asbestos until September of this year. Xn 4 r> iO '` < 1 ; ! . Che ideal suspendins u?dii_a is oils -i.it .-'ill bold the line and silica la ciifom suspension until ti5 reaction has progressed far enough to pri-v< at csttliuj >_i* -et not inter.i-rj -.-ith ;hj line to oilier r.ic:icn. ?r;. cooling should acccrplish tic desired result out is Terr : difficult to control, Tco little pr-cooling -.-ill remit ._ settling, talins tie blech too heavy lot ten Ini too . light and weth at too. If preceding is continued too ions tie nix trill be too tried tc-prur urifcrrl- producing . ' pianos cf sl^sTig* nni too breabing up cf .1imotire already fomsd will prevent th develcpn^nt of naximza ' strength. rhsthor tiers is a ^ppy "eiiun cet-i-r these ,O ` ' * tiro ertren.es ms nit ester--red in tra ten in til 13 7- ;C - 3 7 ; which we rude xtith pracoohing. 1 relatively Lcng rs36artr trottld be necessary to clear up this point and it is :. doubtful T.etl?r men e procedure 7 cull i9 nmrriail7 useful even if pc-ssicle. : * Another xethod that was investigated was the ; use of ennlsifiers. Hrie events irersass ths Tclune by inclusion of air and pemit the use of a urih mailer ' j , voluxs of water which would represent a considerable ! savins in the drying operation. Here a rain the probleu ; * of control is very difficult. Tze vsight of the final { .product could not easily be held at the desired exeunt i and ia cases tie tep of the block -s3 ilphtoor than the tottca because of larger air pore3* Sena blocks vote aao hth rcaacaably us-ifc*a pors ctr^ista^e h~t tv-j* W4* a either tea heavy or tea light. Thin lino cf -.*n3 discontinued rhea it v;*s found that the anulnifiers or suspending agents used vers inecapati'rle *"ith -asbestos farther rtr> along thi3 lire r-irht he justified If the se.vizg ia svnptraticn of l/3 to 2/2 cf the rrt;*r could Jtstify tho extra ecst cf :r,cre rigid control mi possible gr?-it*r nuhher of robots* liiatch csbeotos -wia toe Ziiloo cncusa for err - development of r-LO ia blocks lar^e enough for physical test cf strength mi hc*.vt ccriuctirity. 7ur~l is and . sethc-is of nixing hate teen developed that produce a superior grade of E-LO as detailed ia car sixth report and continued ia this report* Eo.rsTer rithia the last t;-o nsith3 a new sus pending agent t paper palp, has been proven to he fully equal to beaten asbestos end 1 l/z to 2y Is as effective as is 5 to 6C of beaten ashsstes. Che are of piper pulp would represent a considerable saving ia cost of raw aaterials and hr.a no disadvantages that we can foresee. In addition it opens up the possibility of mailing blocks of aioreporite Large enough for physical test3 bat containing no asbestos and thus leaking practical a o ( ccrralatioa of cheviot! araljiss vith physical t-sts. Tils lir.e of iavestisatica should locrctce cur -locvI^i.-g of txo tyycs of hyurs^vs tl&t sr9 prrStrith iu tXa Stroup-- c3t products ati pccci'tlr -- -- it tXc nttir_j up - <* . 4 trda raerehy ch^ric&l .sixtlycia vtuld cXcmj tailor the product Tras 0Tr or uudrirIorted* 1 < i i v .-r c. r-- *\ J j i ' i yet Susteiilug "rilur-reter ?ul? Slurry Sulfate ?nl? - Tin first batches cade *.ritl pulp s1ur17 were CU2, CLIJ {lu. 16-17). Sulfcte pulp t.us bvat.;u at 1? consistency for 15 tours. T_e -.03 ties ratcles C112, C113 v.-sre title up usin.3 aucunts cf slurry s;uiTaleot to 5? dry pulp cu total solids cf tie air. Cia clues vsrc too tUck to pour urufordy ar.i 12 2/2? o.TUri water eras edded. Pressure cn tie antedore was relsaued la tie urcsl cauu^r tut C113 lad erplcioi so th.*t ever half cf tie batcl lii lo*;r. ,-'.r:vt cut of tie r*;u* laid 112 vras not uotictucly crucial out my lore besn weakened as tie nodulu.i was very lew. It Is believed tint tie consistorcy of tie xLx vus so lijh tlat tie top of tie bloc's held in the pressure until tie pressure dlfferen- tial was great enough to tear tie block open with . - erplcsive rattles Clll, 115, uni MS were cade with 2. y?, 2.1* and 1.4? pul? end C117, 113, and 119 were cade with tie sacs percentages of pulp but tie pul? slurry was nsutrulined T-itl line during tie t-suting. .Mi of tlese batches elided when tie pressure was released except C119. C119 was 10.6 lbs. per cu. ft. and led a nodulns of 80.1 air dry and IO5.5 wien tested iccsdlately after 24 hours drying at 110*C. D . ?,Bitci.es 0126, 127, 113 (Sept. 9) nade v.-ith 2 9 2.11* end l.i pul? *<Tere 10.2 to 10.5 lbs. per cu. ft. and red noduli store 0 air dr-/ and chore 9? -.rhen rudri-d. Hus it has hath prtred that 1.4^ of - If its pulp tua le used to replace tie 5p to 6pS beaten aobeot-03 previously used. ?ult Slate chaulcal mlo (j-rlfetj tTilo) 1-d been so successful cs a. suspending uediun it vns decided to try ae*-5pristt A siarry ns rale up using 160 grmn cl r:rc :-:;d ncropcper (Sorter. Ecrt -cntod Sept. 2J.f 1944) to 16 liters of -rater. Considerable trouble vas exper ienced vith foening and 25 eraaa of lins hydrate -rrere O added* After 5 hours beating and standing overnight the slurry had a frseneas or 35 to 87. Estch-s C129 to CI34 were cade using fren 5*0 to 1.4^ cf pulp, die newsprint -- -i artTed as satisfactory as the sulfate pulp although about 2> cn weight of total solids 13 necessary. Bl33 containing 2.l had considerably higher nodulus than ' * those containing higher or lower percentages of pulp. . This is diagrasmatically stern ^ in Chart II Trhere nod ulus is plotted against per cent of beaten pulp. B 119 with sulfate pulp end 3 120, 121, end 122 with asbestos slurry are also shown for cccparison# ` - ' o t o 'e consider tie use or rood pulp as a 3U3;srd- lug uediun as a very important d^rslcpncnt in this stuiy or the mhing of 21-10. ~e believe that nore unifc-rn slurry can be obtain*! sicca -it;j 12-20*03 of the grc-Ia used th^re is ccr.cidsrcbie variation in the an cunt of : filer and of non fibrous rircml miter in different lc\z* r^-t T*sts - llicrcporite mis *ith I./.;1 to 2.9,1 of m:i- pulp can be heated 24 hours at 1GC0*7. without any notice able effect. Quantitative physical tests tare not yet ::--:n raCs on heated sarnies. lost :;?cin:2 2* z 1" rhsn heated rad hct alone one ale* -7 use of ris burnsr and allcved to cool aritheut any precautions as to elorr cool ing, did not evach cr change traps- szche ms noticed end only a slight grey color developed, batmen the heated ad urn*j*tfd oortioca. rnsn heated in a nuffle to IcOC*?. the pietiS curled, probably due to c;:: rapid heating cr site zee th ing hotter of raffle, and shranh about 7.% in all direc tions* Ths hsat-ed sanples appeared stronger than before heating end shc-mi no tendency to disintegrata or shatter, although crachs did open up cn the long side of the curve. 5o intermediate tenperatures hare been tried. o .-- C*. 11 o ^ ' - ` 1 Formula and ?.!*tbtd used la nlrlz^ Isuredlosta for .t-10 Paper Pulp as Suspending LTsdiua Znarpls: `` Pomula ci I? mU yr ,I\ UNO o Hado 9-S-4A Lins Evirate Celits Clay ,, mite Asbestos 42d (sot processed) SclJate Pul? in Slurry -. Total TTater Slurry l Sulfate (19 hrs.) rater-Soiids Eatio . T - *- irat-:- d 10 liurs 32-5 6^ 47. IS 255 35-5 35 5*0 70 10.0 10 1.4 /vC U- . u 3990 1000 3000 5-70 Uirir.t "rsee dure 1. 2000-cc. slurry and 2000 cc. rra ter poured 1 nto niner. 2. Uz added 3. Celite aided . ' 4* Clay added . 5* LLixed until unidora (2 to 3 nirutes) - 6. Crude esoeetcs added slowly 7. iOzins stopped and' blades clem^d 3. Hired 15 r'~?3 9* Heat o? water, 4000 cc., added sradually 10, Hiring stopped end blades cleaned 11. Hired 15 rirutas ' 12. Dunned into bucket . . 13* Stirred with paddle and poured in pans, 1 to 2 hrs, later 14. Autoclaved 10 hrs* at 130 lbs. ntean pr essure 15- Dried at 11Q*C. . 1A2LS I Parer puln as Suspending Hediua _ Ca0:3102 Ratio 1:1 Induration 9 1/2 to 10 hours Aided jisterials -Percent - Bitch hu*;ato !;u=^r CUT Pulp Eeatea Crude *H Beaten 3 hrs. 15 hrs. CI12 10.0 5.7 - C113 5.0 5-7 - C1I9 5.0 X.* - C126 5.0 2.9 ' - C12T 5.0 2.1 - C123 5.0 1.* - 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 012^ 0130 C131 C132 C133 013* 5n.0 * n a s . 5-0 *.3 3.6 2.9 2.1 1.* 10.0 zicsi r ? t3 17 ..: - u . 1 -: i. / 11 3 ./ Air c u . t. cu.rt. 2.-7 . 9.6 - 10.6 10.2 10.5 10.* 15.6 - Cl.O CC . 0 60.5 31-5 13.6 - 105.5 9*.8 99.1 11.2 11.2 11.1 11.1 11.* 11.2 65.7 c9.0 77.5 77.2 52.9 7c.0 ?2.2 c: .8 90.3 93.3 10*.1 55.3 j / . -.r. - C*: i i mt m *- Fair Peer srC- - l o /1 1 o o <: 1I 3- V ' N. * \. * . .. -\ AJ..,. a i a *M , ,.f -V* ' ;i jl |; ; :' j i1i 3 ^'j fv, c c V. I O) cx A V C ?? ^Q 4 a a V' _ ' VV*s.. *4 ; "4 . Q1^ v. 'VS V a . e ^ cs iir .. : i3 _____ '3- < '.V ; 3- l >O ' *> *.. \5 V ' i <* L...... ------- i'{--1*4. --C---------- -- ----------- 4* i\ '.. : * :S S? 3 4 j....... --p * ^...... \/Y' // . ... vv:'i.: ! * :` $ 2 * ; 5 5 = ; s,; ! . / s' t 33 i 5 *f m/ ; ! ! ! : . V 0 .<j u Vs 5. 8 a <5 'O O 4-~ N5 k ; o: cJ"t a : l ' . ... i ...L J____L.J. < ! -i____ l____ j......... tpunod-AtTu t o ( I 1 I i i \i i 1 \ i i 4 i A \0i/u/t/3 ^O 1 i i i > ,, N .1 "%j * y I< \ i O W--S7 1 .1 Ceoeral Cc--mta oa bit :h<?2 cf? to CliO Table XI Hats all the batches aide by cux ror; l*r eibestcs slurry Zonula circa cur sirth prc^r-ecs report* latches using quic?;ilr.s, hi ^h l.'uj or ri^a silica, yellow nacsita ia ?lac3 ot crude chryitSile, shale ia place of clay aa-i rooipulp iu place ci be atan aehestca are ccver&l la ether Ecciicua c-r tils report.' Batches C49-C52 included ia last report `rare aada rith celite Hat had act been i -- Ltsd. Batches C59 to Cl v-re iilaei throe :?.rr: in.' ;:':lot ur.i ohc-.r vary lo'.r strength* rrrricus vrori: has indicated that act ing cf air uo to 21 hears nay te beashiciai to strsasth c? the rinal i-r' Vuct hat ia :h9 three irj-: toeing the cold reacticahai probably proceeded so Ter that the struc ture already Terrel ras breaer a? in stirring and pouring irto '-a?, prj;**r.tio2 mzi:r;.r. ^trr-.vpti in the finished product. . Batches C62 to C65 were cade Trith hydrate Tor ccrperisoa arith the cuichliraa tatrhe3 c5 to C69 --d >hile they shett slightly better strength thaa the quich- lire hatches they are weeper than any prerious scries rdth 3 hour teetea asbestos -and 16 to 17 hour induration. ris rjr si 6n of-Lo* St rt-trtbs - 2scsusa or tbs ic.r str?ar:i of batches C6z to C65 it ras thought that the lino used night have lost ccaa cf its activity but * ac-.r belie? it vr.= 3 fiuo to T_ri-2tica in bio 41T asbestos. It 13 ka:-..n that thg C-i .btest03 ccntuian consiisr-hls fire a:a- fibrous material and as v \-rsre using the last cuartsr cf tie hag it is probable that the reduced aropertien of fiber na7 hare csus.'d the lv.*r moduli# TiLi is illustra ted by the progressive decrease ia codulus of our 11 lb* V*} V-- - - -- -rry# -0 ' - i .... ^ J V . . a' * race C21-C25 CZi-C}2 C62-C73 cso 5 Hatches ' m 2m 1m 110.5 * 92.1 - 81.2 77-4 Sisailer decreases sjt3 accLrcat iz 9 iO pound il-10 made curias this period but act enough batches of the lighter weights wore read to shew so extensive a - range. ...... . - Variation of lias & Silica - ^hen it via first realized that we were progressive decrease in strength, the reactivity of the lias -s considered the probable scarce. To check this C77 *-^a3 made with about excess lias, C73 by regular fomoila and C79 with cxeeee silica. 1--*. Uri.. r-s. o were sale la the vet pen using I-> yellov aacsito the fibers v.-ere so pulverized that they could zot he dictlz- ruisted la the final product* It /as thought that yellc-j azosite night ptill to used coz-jficially if the roll-rs m??3 raised ezeupa to reduce tons of the prizilz^; c c i i'. z. Haising the rollers r.os first tested ca cur rc-gular fer- zrula z-LO the clearance isizg .045* ca Ccf, C17, C:3 azi 005* ca C29, G>9( C91.' The rollers did rot turn ia either case and the strengths oere act cults as rood as ca ether hatches during this period* 5czs device should he rude so that rollers -vauli hum rizheut ^o g.-.-ih fric- tioa ca hotter cf-paa as is acvr necessary, if we are to cir"oriaeat yith Tellcrj szesite* . Tariafica ia tia? of hsetia.T actuates < This subject rrus discussed ia cur sixth progress report and the coaclusicn giTea that beating for three hoars e?s tetter thaa for t-rro hours* The thr:e hour he ate a hatch vs hr.-s*rsr r-aza c&de before oar average modulus began slipping aad vre car see nev that they were sot strietly comparable trlth the hatches listed ia that report made t<th tr-o hear heat?n achsstcs* Espeated trials using three hour beaten asbestos liare not shown any superiority over using tvo v*t* a-b-ato o ;O i i I i / i .^eristics cf Iciurcttcr `31m - Cue 3vrie3 h-tchcs C-p- C4-3 indurated 10 hours -.r-o siren in cur list prtijmc3 ra- *ort* Since than ^9 ^75 uade three series (cS^-35, cjZ- C1C0, C1C7-1C9) or batches indurated 10 to 11 hcur3 and tv.n c-rios (C95-?7, C1C4-1C6) ir.durit^l ei-it :.:urr. 1 = ^ Bcur Ivlur'-tlcg - CS3-CS5 at 10 hr3. "23 rot cuit3 as rood as CC-02 at 17 hours, tut C72-C1CO at 11 hrs. rz3 hatter than Crl-Crl at 17 hours, and C107-C1C-9 at 10 hcurs va3 bettsr than CiOi-clC} &t 1$ hrs. li'-ht gcur Induration - latch-9 C95-S/7 at 3 hours ns letter than c;-l-091 at 17 hours hut ret a2 rezi at C?- C113 at 11 heart. ClOh-OltS at o 1 rare v-re ah rut the sans as C1Q1-C1Q3 at 16 hours hut' ac-1 as goc-i-as C. 1C 7 C137 ,,* vt v-.. .. . Theta results indicate that sixteen to eighteen hesir induration, the period used throughout praricus worJc, is too long fer ths production of raximn etreurtb or in other vroris Z-LC indurated 16 hours it urer indurated. j._* good, results cun he secured in ei^ht hours as in sixteen, the ideal period of induration lying screwier fcet7r?an these points. Teriatlcm in Cl -r and Crude Asbestos - Batches CI01 to C109 were cade to recheci the 8, 10 and 16 hour indura tion periods, tbs advisability of 3> or clay and the efficiency of 3 or 10 of crude asbestos (asbestos as fiber for hinging). These batches supported our 2 \.J conclusion that 10 -cur indurtticn gare be iter strength than either 8 cr 16 hours- 7or thj addition of crude asbestos fiber, 10> gave definitely tetter strength vith 5? clay than 5? fcsbectos did rith = ith-r 10;i :r r;! slny. `.Thether 1C-^ crude asbestos is n c c : 2:: .tr7 for hluriiiu; de pends ca hcrrr .Uich hinging Is rocuir? 1. "ith snbctc3 the tlr-gins Is fair; with 10* the hinging is .-oc-i. . this series of hire hatches gives rather strong indication that 10* clay is too mini. catches C120 to C122 were trade for cunt .-.ri con with chrle. r vriere in this report, hut they she*./ that toned cistclay is ' necesserr for development of good strength. They also iniicate that the optimum en runt in :or.:. ir: 'V- ren 0 and 5*. ' ITodulns after rcdrylnr et ilO*S. - Although no tests are given for light weight mt.-rlul such za IT-10, the A.S.r.H Standards give tests fur porous oriel and insulating materials similar in composition to 2T-10 ard in all cases specify ZU hours drying at liC*C. 'ust previous to rciu- lus test. Starting rrith hatch ClCi -c hare made part of oux tests of each batch on air dry strips and part on oven dry strips. The latter give moduli 20 to 30* higher than the air dry strips. Tie understand that the Berlin laboratory now oonditions test strips at 50^ relet1to humidity and 75*F* * :-ri2 :x o etches C;?-C122 C'-0:3102 1:1 Isdu* Aided K&terlals-Persght _______phjsicfcl T-i-sts^-- 'Eafceh rstlca Asbestos ~ 1'piaI L/sz-Jiiy i.^Vuius ^ K^btr U i^.T sts^acru:; Asbestos . 1 b s fz u. * t * lbs /cu. ft. K11.- C59 C60 C61 Cc2 C63 C64 c6p C?3 CcO Col % Cc2 Cc3 CC-5 Cep 15n n a n hrs. 9.9 9.a 0.8 9-9 9-9 9.3 9-8 9.9 *1 fcrs.10a .0 wa 6.4 6.9 7.5 5.9 6.4 6.9 7-5 5.9 5.7 6.4 70 9.9 9.8 9.3 9.9 9.9 9.6 9.3 9.9 1u0.0 a 10e hr?.1a0.0 aa 5.7 6.4 7.5 1e0.0 r. 16.3 16.7 17.1 12.3 15.3 16.7 17.1 15.8 15.7 l5*.4 17-3 15.7 16.4 17.3 10.4 9.9 9.4 11.1 10.3 9.9 9.1 11.1 11.3 10.2 9.2 11.4 .& 9.4 52.7 52.4 *1.0 62.9 64.7 61.0 52-2 ?nelr H 0 ft V ?;c? . 3?. 5 . 77.4 62.2 43.5 u it 7 c* i r 70.4 29.9 0:=Z f 44.9 - C26 C=-0 esi C92 C53 C95 C96 C97 16 a hrs.1a0.0 af a aa aa aa aa 5.7 6.4 7.3 6.4 5.7 7.3 5.7 6.4 a a 7.3 5 fcra.10.0 a a aa 5-7 6.4 7.3 10.0 a a a R a a a a 10.0 a a 15-7 16.4 17.3 15.4 12*7 17.3 15.7 16.4 17-3 -5.7 16.4 17-3 12.0 10.S 9.2 10.7 11.6 9.5 11.2 10.1 5.2 I--T-*yC 10.5 9.4 69.2 56.3 40.3 57.7 57.7 43.3 =c.l 46.8 32.9 65.1 55.8 43.0 Piir rood r. .. -s> (T ^4v cost ?o:r O&lr "si* cJ- ?&ir 0 C?3 CS9 C1CO 11a hra.10a .0 aa 5-7 6.4 7.3 10.0 e ft 15-7 16.4 17.3 11.1 10.0 9-1 65.9 21.3 45.2 g c C101 C1C2 C103 C104 C105 C106 16a fcrs.10.0 5.0 5.7 5-7 a 5.0 5.7 8 hra.10.0 5.7 a n 5.0 5-7 5.0 5-7 5.0 5-0 10.0 '5-0 5-0 10.0 10.7 10.7 15.7 10.7 10.7 15.7 11.1 11.0 11.1 11.6 H.9 11.3 66.0 Ti-o op.9 67.2 65.2 79-1 Poor fair *' r% 1 r Poor Pair Good o C107 C103 10 fcrs.10.0 5-7 a 5.0 5.7 5.0 5-0 10.7 10.7 C109 a 5.0 5*7 10.0 15.7 11.6 11.2 11.3 67.5 91.9 100.4 z Good * ;o -1 *! -. 5i 1 1 i rs 21 :i ft: ^_ Indu- Aide d rstica 5uhb*p Tire C 1.t h te ~ i -1 r - "ercer.t ::til Cr-:s A swtsto? ?hv * * ta1 T t 3 . tensity its/cu.ft. r. 1 n -1 r. r C120 C121 C122 16 hra - - * 5-0 - 2.5 5.0, 10.0 i5.o 11.2 11.0 11.3 51.2 5.7 C0.O r ilr Good Good cic5 cio5 C1C7 Cic3 cic-9 C120 C2.21 C122 0123 C124 C125 Tested if ter 24 hours drjlr.3 &t 110*C. 3 hr3. 5-0 " 5.0 10 hrs.10.0 5-0 " 5.0 5n-7 a D C' Aw 10.0 5.0 5.0 1C.0 -i r-\ ti 15.7 10.7 10.7 15.7 15 bra. * 5.0 * 2.5 1C.C " 5.Of " 2.5* 10e.0 4 m n Ba II 75-5 97.4 . c9.2 117.7 1;2.1 71.4 . 104.9 1C-.6 114.4 * 06.0 9.4 . Bostons Shale used instead of Clay j j I r/V 2 . *\ hi Qoicn-uz ir.si d o? r*3.%kVZ C&0:S102 F.etltf ljl Xzjtu- Add*d r.ate rials Batch ratica Atoasts* total r-^.hrr Tire City Ashoe tea Beasicy Ib-./cu.rt C66 9.9 5.9 9.9 ' 15-3 11.0 * * C6T C63 C69 m m. 9.9 6.4 9-9 6.9 9-3 7-3 9.9 16.3 9.9 16.8 9.3 17-1 10.2 9.* . 9.1 -- ' . C ( *T J.5 1/2 * ' - 9*9 5-9.V- 9*9" * 15.3"' C75 * - * -9.9 6.9 9-9 16.8 * . C7o " 9.8 ,7.3 9.3 17.1 . ; ll.o.V 9.6 ` 9.2 _ o * % ' *" r v* " * . . .. . - *. */ . ' J* ,, ' ` v- r' ' ` .... * *' v ' ,, *. t, '* *. * ', *" * ; _ . f** ' * . > ' , ' ' *. ` (< ... . t * .* .*4 , * * * .' '. .. * . 4* .- - *; - ' * * ..* <r * # ' " ` a` * .\ V-"''..' *- * ' *V '. : -* It. I l} C-iciriins us* 9 TVo series ct batches C66 to C69 trd C74 to C76 Table III end 17 wcre nada usii^ quicklime imteed of lir-2 hydrate* Tie Ills vis slaked in Ginrccn ret pm, tie ether ia.:;re<iieits tiled aid grocers ccatiaued in tie ur:il raannsr In t-n^ oT these batches the clay, celita T-i llr.? i -re nine! dry, then rater adld ruTTiciest to tic CO ch. hast & cl tier in~reiieits so that ti.3 tan.r-rwt.iT3 did cot rice :.i;n tacck ?ir test siVcing cT the Iins* In tie other batches a pocket rss to drop the alter "i: started up. Iscestos slurry r*s used insteel or nsie vrith li*ts the sens as bat ate* Hey e.?ers*d in strength ebout C37 to C40 male rith 3/4 hour te&ten ` Shis.le (fron Hostone Co.) additions of 2.5*. 52. and IO55 were cads to hatches (:i25. 121 and 123 i nstsrd of' udaLS clay* This chole is on alunl rt'-a r 1 H ft* to nth high d f1 zi ty Tor. 11--?. . C123 -ith 1C-1 - halo rhea tc : tti. _ftsr rc d ^/ 24 ~ -C hsd averiy tncs the todtvi.uc cf tho be.t dr-3 tr* tdr j -- 1 2* 55 cnd`5>; htv?7ir, It v: ?. only ciiiltly letter nth. 2.55 - - *. -'. * */ *. *, * *-..' t' :.:r;c fa He ir-* r:>: * . * * " '* cliv-j run*. 1-0 c-lay l-ttcboa e-re crrrl.Hrctly '! tier tho 10 rials'batch rhen ter* a cir dry* Th; I-:,-:' H'lc r.-*lc J ^sreur*: i ci-:'.l.* In t.*:o r-. `r.-H- Thir prrcibly itiicutra tint a long Irdurntica ?cricl ir> inli~ estad for chile batcher* ". - . -'. :**' '/. c- -r-: eerie-- cr . .3 ui'.o - ivi :.y n 6o ciaie nrlzz eiditiczzl llzi eculTclent to 22>* of tbo , tfsiedt or. chile used. C135 rith 10-;J chile is! elicitly ; higher coirlas (cir dr/} then C123 but die not fiis-s* H*/ rtru_rhablo-ir-r: ese on reizyin- th?t C123 did# Cl;S lo ". irregular as- ecaaidorable oxeecs Hr3 *;o. tided by error/ borsrer tie dr dry end dry rdcJJL re re 65*1 cri 0*5 C157 cith dktls also lad a dry _e;-;-3' of orer 50 bn1 batches vith higher percentages of shale ~ bad moduli be raea 20 and 30* - ; . '. r { - Although tho above quoted-^xperlutsta-do uct l i look favorable to the use of sheJLe la K-LC# `shale does'* ' represent a cheap source of aluslpua silicate aad dth j the proper adjustnci.t of line aad of induration tins- * sight be a'valuable addition to E-LO# . ; ...'- - . * jr^t\\r*Z j"l. XLjLs, 7 . p ZA2LZ TV Shale instead of Cl&f . .. / Adds! K&tcri&ls - Percent Sstch AS wastes # * >-* --1X 7:sti . * ruuhor Hcstc US h*tea Cruio Density t i - US* *:i.*1 -? * - . * . ... Shale Additions to 1:1 r-LO > : . - .. ci23 10.0 *' C124 . 5.0 C125 ` 2.5 5.0 " 10.0 15.0 9 . s 11.2 10.9 11.2 114.4' 65.0 ' 69.4 ?ma ira# .' . r ; - o .. ...... - .* . . . .... * * * > . . -# H * . .. . >;/!* .Cditioral Liiis (2255 of Shnl e J added t o*l:l Z -10 ^ . "r-: ^ '* C125 * 10.0 5.0- 10.0 15.0 * 11.2 C1J5 17.5 4.4 . 8.7 13.1 12.3' *93.9 .. cO.5 Icm ir *'..**'. ' . '. ` : - ; C13T ` cir; dll' " ci4o 50.0 ;; ` 5.0 `k-3.0 50.0 6o.o . . * # 10.0 .15a.0 . m ^ . 9 . 9* 11.1 11.2' 11.5 -.12.0 . 52.0 Poor ! * +1 S T 2-7 * 20.0..*- T.-0'ir a. .. . *' * t '* ^ * --- .* V"N .a . * .\ . - . w *.? .* #. ~, * * , . / J . . * i *. ' , . * V ... * T "S - . .*' . :: ': * *- t* *7***** * . . J+ * ' v' . f . * . . r . .* ^ : -,"v r X. **' * Kcdulus after 24 hours Vedryins at 110*0 .T ;, '-'fV. W"* : ' r;.^'v ** - i. ** . + .. * . . * .--* -- \--* *-- .:* - - * .* ~='r-~ -'7 *7'* T-? e* "* - *'. *r. ` ... V > <3 A r t h u r D L itffo . tnc. r~n