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Depcrtmericf Hecfhcnd ErVrorrnerfd Control "4? WFTu 4% 7 G 0205 * BOARD J. Lorin Mason, Jr., M.O., Chairman - Gerald A. Kaynard, Vice-Chairman Leonard W. Douglas, M. D., Secretary Oren L. Brady, Jr: Moses H. Clarkson, Jr. Barbara P. Nuessle C 0.0r* 4 3 James A. Spruill, Jr. COMMISSIONER Robert S. Jackson, M.D. 2600 Bull Street Columbia, S.C. 29201 February 24, 1983 Mr. Richard Dale W. R. Grace ;: ~ * Route 1 Enoree, SC 29335 ' *' r :r*>-- ^ *-*: Re: Asbestos Removal Information and Regulations : .-is* Dear Mr. --------------------- " -- .. -- ---- This is in response to our telephone conversation today. the following information._^v^r;s!5sa9^ ____ I have enclosed -~***^** 1) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants' (NESHAPjr^^V 2) Sample notification form; 3) 0SHA Regulation; 4) Suggested specifications for asbestos removal. Other information which I gave you on the telephone (or should have) is as follows: 1) Consultation rpoardina compliant ^ith OSHfl regulations can be obtained through Mr. William Lybrand, b-! rector or occupational Health and Safety, S. C. Department of Labor, Box 11329, Columbia, S.C. 29211. He can be reached at 758-3080. 2) Approval must he obtained -- -r ------------- - to disnnsp nf ashest.ns wa^"te in^S- nn-tLh Caro1lSi^nWna...'^.&muOi Ms. Lynn Cooper of the Department ot Health and Environmental Control's V" (DHEC) Division of Hazardous and Solid Waste Management will be 'able`"-:rr"5^' to help you in this matter can be reached at 758-5681. 3) NESHAP, as it pertains to asbestos'removal, addresses 4 main points: (1) notification, (2) wetting, (3) no visible emissions, and (4) .disposal in an approved landfill and burial within 24 hours. ^3 TV /7A,oZ_ U>Ct-1iJL S'  750206 4) At the State and Federal level, only Ms. Cooper and I must be notified prior to removal. OSHA currently does not require notification. If you have any questions or if I can be of any assistance, please call me at (803) 758-5406. Sincerely, RJB:11t ___ ,, -- Bob Betterton r-........ ^ NESHAP Manager for S. C. -------- ^* Air Compliance & Management Pivi$ion Bureau of Air Quality Control -^V***-- r -fi" cc William Lybrand, OSHA, Dept, of Labor Lynn Cooper, DHEC, Div. of Haz. & Solid Waste Mgm. * ' ::-r - *:.iZ 'W-r,; V3k>rJJ^>< -1 --.C.',: ;rt*r*fegg-C~ r-l: ' - nJL-i vLi lOLi I i CM/ lUil Urt-.JM iUnJ Bob Betterton AIR COMPLIANCE & ENFORCEMENT BUREAU OF AIR DUALITY CONTROL ' S. C. DEPT. OF HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL . 2600 BU..L STREET ___: ....... CbLUMBIA, i. C. 29201 76\)207_^ ., c - v r ^ Anyone who intends to demolish or renovate any institutional, commercial, or industrial building or structure containing more than 260 feet of pipe covered or coated with friable asbestos or more than 160 square feet of friable asbestos materials used to cover or coat any duct, boiler, tank, reactor, turbine, furnace, or structural member must provide the Bureau of Air Quality Control with written notification of the demolition or renovation. This notification shall include the information requested below and shall be sent to the department at least 10 days prior to conmencement of the demolition or renovation. I. NAME AND ADDRESS OF DEMOLITION OR RENOVATION OPERATOR ____________________ II. PERSON TO CONTACT _________ III. DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING (a) Name _^ (b) Location -r - TELEPHONE (c) Size ______________________________ (e) Prior Use________ ' _______ (d) Age______ _ . , ^ -= 22lass.-?&SZ-. (f) Approximate'amount of asbestos IV. SCHEDULED STARTING AND COMPLETION DATES OF DEMOLITION V. NATURE OF DEMOLITION OR RENOVATION AND METHOD(s) TO BE EMPLOYED VI. PROCEDURES TO BE USED TO PREVENT VISIBLE EMISSIONS OF ASBESTOS (a) Methods used at demolition site _______________________________ (b) Methods used at waste disposal site ______ VII. NAME AND ADDRESS OF WASTE DISPOSAL SITE 4 SIGNATURE ~ .......; - - ---- - DATE Depcrfmeri of Heefhcnd Envirorrnertd Control , fj MEMORANDUM - / j. Lorin Mason, Jr., M.D., Chairman Gerald A. Kaynard, Vice-Chairman Leonard W. Douglas, M. D.*, Secretary ,Oren L. Brady, Jr.; Moses H. Clarkson, Jr. Barbara P. Nuessle . James A. Spruill, Jr. COMMISSIONER Robert S. JacK:on, M.D. 2600 Bull Street Columbia, S.C. 29201 7S0208 DATE: August 17, 1982 TO: THRU: FROM: District Air Staff - - F. K. Stone, BAQC & District Air Directors^'/* ../ f/ Bob Betterton, NESHAP Manager, BAQC `dr > '."fir r ffd.y t SVBJ: Asbestos Removal Inspections "> V' ffigSr .TV. ,rV Jr** ^ *. ... . c. - - .J r>. M* ., _ . _________________ ___ ________ Asbestos removal operations are occurring with greater frequencyVnd will continue to do so over the next several years. This Is largely due to the DHEC -tESulation requiring that schools sample potential dsUtf?'td5"55Cnxce5"aTuf~trrform ~ parents of "the results of analysis. >4? The Bureau of Air Quality Control is responsible for enforcing the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP). The NESHAP manager is responsible for NESHAP within the Bureau. NESHAP regulates procedures used in removing asbestos. Therefore, the NESHAP manager Is responsible for ensuring that there are no violations of NESHAP in South Carolina. District air staff are responsible for carrying out BAQC duties statewide. The purpose of. this memo is to spell out the separate responsibilities of the NESHAP manager in Columbia and the district air staff. Obviously, since this is being written, there have been occasional misunderstandings. We are involved in asbestos removal operations at several levels. Our most basic reason for involvement is because of NESHAP. NESHAP requirements can be summarized as follows: 1) HLitten notice mu< representative at ip**t 1( taining material. EPA delegated NEST coordinator is responsible for the program in BAQC. Therefore, the NESHAP coordinator should receive the notice. If the district air person receives the notice, instead, he .should forward a copy to the NESHAP manager. Copies of notifications received by the NESHAP manager will always^be sent to the districts. 755209 2) flihritrs "^re-f-hr-lfrpt. wrt rftinnn removal. Our legal authority for en- . __ forcing this is doubtful. I will explain this in more detail during our next asbestos training session.' -* ` --- .. 3) There must be no visible emissions-tn the atmosphere during asbestos removal. !. 4) Asbestos must be juried by at least 6 inches of non-asbestos material within 24 hours of3eQQS.i-.ti on at a landfill. This requirement can present jurisdictional problems with the district solid waste staff. The best policy seems to be to ask the solid waste consultant if he prefers for you or for him to handle this inspection. It needs to be inspected, however. All of the landfills which I have dealt with have handled the asbestos incorrectly the first several times. The regulation does go into more detail about specifics such as requiring that all asbestos be removed prior to a demolition,but those are the main 4 ' An inspection should address these 4 points as a minimum. However, we are all public health officers. As such, we have a legal and moral responsibility to evaluate these operations in a way which will protect the public health. A vremoyal operation can be performed in compliance with the NESHAP and evenNttie QSHA regulations and still leave the building in a condition which could pose a threat 3% to the health of its future users. An inspection rppnrt which states that the removal was ln_compliance with NESHAP without elaboration is. in effect, dSfpgk approvaT'of the procedures used. This approval given by you, a representative - of the state health department, entails a certain amount of legal responsibility./ It is a matter of public trust. If the state public health officer approved of .; the procedures, then it must have been done properly and the building should be safe for future use. This is the second level of involvement in asbestos re moval operations referred to earlier. Currently, state employees are free of worry about law suits incurred in the performance of their duties due to the sovereign imnunity concept in state law. This may not be true in a few decades when asbestos related diseases could be expected to turn up and legal action initiated. To get the greatest public health benefit for the least cost in terms of time and money, the following policy has been implemented by the NESHAP manager. When a new contractor_operates in the_sta_te.,.jLhe_cemoval_is_inspected_by,,tha NESHAPjnanager. If Class C supplied air is available, the asbestos removal pro cedures are evaluated inside the work area. If adequate respiratory protection is not available,as much information as possible is gathered about the renovation. After the walk-through or walk-ground inspection, the supervisor at the job site is asked the questions on the checklist. Then, after returning to the office, \a thorough inspection report is written and copies are sent to the contractor. ( architect, district, EPA and State QSHA program. OSHA will only conduct an in spection if there is a complaint or there are grounds for suspecting violations. ra J 75*0210 fgnfrartnr*; who do work which adequatelyprotects the heal th_of_ their em^ pinypp< and- future users of the building are placerTnn a ]ist. Architects, school boards and sometimes, industries frequently call requesting information about asbestos removal. The NESHAP manager sends an information package consisting of the NESHAP and OSHA regulations, suggested procedures for removing asbestos and the list of approved contractor!. Inclusion on this list means a better chance for contractors to~be awarded jobs. Therefore, there is an economic incentive for contractors to do good work. The inspection reports, checklists and advice of the NESHAP manager are also available to architects, etc., on request. School boards in South Carolina are rapidly learning that the low bidder does not neces sarily gjive the best return for their money in the asbestos removal business. : The initial inspection, detailed inspection report, development and main tenance of the contractors list and consultation with architects, etc. are pri marily the responsibility of the NESHAP manager. The district air staff should perform occasional follow-uo inspections on an as-needed basis, contractors wHo do marginal wok should be inspected much more frequently than conscientious.. contractors. More than 1 inspection per job is rarely necessary unless the con- tractoTTias violated NESHAP. A contractor who does excellent work does not need to be inspected at every job. ' ~ f *>. It is not nerp^arv for district air staff to write insertion rppnrt* ahont r: -^.asbestos, removal operations in as much detail as the NESHAP manager. Going over vthe checklist with the iob sitP-sunervisnr and Vending a r.npv to the NESHAP : manager along wft]i_ a brief I/I describing the type of work done^ (demolition or.jtf^n "renovation), procedures used to control asbestos emissions and general comments^ - will be adequate^ -' As was mentioned earlier, the district, air should also ensure that the contractor and landfill workers do not cause violations of NESHAP at__the_._ landfill. Until it has been confirmed visuaTTy-that"the asbestos is actually buried within 24 hours of deposition, the district air man or solid waste con sultant should visit the landfill. A typed memorandum or I/I should state whether pr not the.asbestos was. properly disposFd ofi After both the contractor and Jand^ fill workers have had experience in the proper disposal of asbestos, landfill inspections of every job will not be necessary. Briefly then, the responsibilities of the district air staff are to conduct follow-up inspections, go over tne checklist with the .lob site supervisor, write a brief I/I and make sure that the asbestos S disposed of__flroperly at the land- fill. - "" " --. .. V. J " .... j. ~.\t: . i V Jt ' These are general guidelines. Usually the NESHAP manager writes a letter -- acknowledging receipt of the 10 day notification of intent to remove asbestos ~: but occasionally it may be more expedient for that to be handled by the district air manager. That will present no pro$em as long as the NESHAP manager is kept informed. Also, it may not be possible for the NESHAP manager to perform the initial inspection on a contractor. Ideally, that would be best so that all of the contractors could be evaluated by the same standard. However, if a district air manager perforins an initial inspection and completes the checklist, that is much better than no information at all. . v?ierno to District Air Sufr August 17, 1982 ' * Page 4 ______ 760211 - -l/in summary, the NESHAP manager should perform initial inspections, write detailed inspection reports, consult with architects, etc. and evaluate con tractors. District air staff should conduct follow-up inspections and ensure that the asbestos is disposed of properly. There is room for flexibility. The most important thing in keeping the program operating smoothly is the sharing of in formation. The NESHAP manager and the district air staff n$ed to be kept informed of each others activities. 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Poorly performed work can bids provide evidence that they and their workers have cause a greater exposure problem than it eliminates. attenued training courses dealing with occupational Workers who do not remove asbestos material wet or safety and the health hazards associated with asbestos who damage the material during encapsulation or material removal, encapsulation, and enclosure. enclosure cause uncontrolled release of asbestos fibers. Information on contractor training materials is available If fiber release is not properly contained in the work from the OSHA and NIOSH Regional Offices listed in area, workers will be exposed and widespread ^ Appendices D and E. ......... . .................................. - contamination of the building will occur. (5) For any corrective action, notify the nearest EPA and OSHA have issued regulations which cover OSHA office listed in Appendix D when work will -r: the removal, encapsulation, and enclosure of asbestos begin and let the contractor know that OSHA will be material. Contractors are required to comply with both notified. _ regulations. EPA regulations require that removed : (6) For removal, notify the appropriate EPA asbestos material be properly contained and disposed of NESHAjPS Coordinator listed in Appendix JJ.-before ^ without release of asbestos fibers into the environment. the removal operation is begun OSHA regulations require worker protection to prevent (7) Recommend that the contractor contact the EPA* exposure to hazardous levels of asbestos fibers. Regional Asbestos Coordinator for technical assist&nccT'- It should not be assumed that all contractors will The task of finding a qualified contractor may*be**:;-? comply with these regulations. Some contractors may complicated by various political and economic.` not know that compliance is required; others may pressures. There may be pressure by people who are ignore the regulations in order to save time or money. unaware of the hazards of poorly performed work to The EPA and OSHA regulations do not require take action as soon as possible and as cheaply as worker decontamination before leaving the job site and possible. Strict compliance with the EPA and OSHA clean-up of the contaminated work area after the job regulations and the recommended specifications takes has been completed. Therefore, school officials should time and money. Contractors offering the lowest bid not c~! -quire contractors to comply with the EPA may not be knowledgeable or capable of complying and OSHA regulations but also require them to take with these regulations. additional measures to ensure proper work practices Short summaries of the EPA and OSHA asbestos and protection of the building environment. Past regulations follow. The full texts of these regulations experience has shown that in many cases without are printed in Appendices A and C. Recommended adequate supervision and instruction from supervisors specifications for removal..encapsulation, and enclosure or management, workers will remove asbestos dry contracts are also included in this chapter. These instead of wet, work without respirators, eat or drink in specifications can be used to guide school officials in the work area, and leave the job site in their negotiating contracts which will ensure proper work : contaminated worksuits and clothing. practices and a protected building environment. For these reasons, there arc a number of precautions that should be taken: (1) Become familiar with the EPA and OSHA ^EPA Regulations ' regulations and any State and local government y EPA regulates the removal and disposal of asbestos regulations that apply to asbestos material removal, materials from ceilings, walls, pipes, and other surfaces encapsulation, and enclosure. in buildings. The regulations were issued under the (2) Require contractors submitting bjds to explain in EPA National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air their bids how they intend to comply with the Pollutants (NESHAPS). Written notification to the applicable regulations. (3) Include specifications for asbestos fiber NESHAPS Coordinator is required before asbestos material can be removed. containment, worker protection, and decontamination The regulations require welting of the asbestos if the work area in contracts and enforce the material before, during, and alter stripping to prevent requirements of the contract. dust emissions. The regulations use "stripping" to refer 750216 - ----------------------------- ______ __ io taking asbestos off the ceilings, walls, pipes, etc.; and "removal" to refer to taking stripped asbestos material out of the building for disposal. Jf material cannot be removed wet because of freezing temperatures or damage to equipment by water, the EPA NESHAPS Coordinator should be notified. In some cases dry removal of asbestos material requires written permission from EPA. Stripped asbestos material must be placed in leak- tight containers while still wet hcfoic removal hum the building. Containers of asbestos material may not be dropped out of windows or down from one floor to the next. Asbestos material must be transported within the building in containers or dust-light chutes. Containers must be marked with a warning label (use the OSHA label on page and be buried in a waste disposal site meeting the requirements of Section 61.25 of the EPA regulations. In most cases a State-approved sanitary landfill will be an acceptable disposal site. Before contractors begin any asbestos removal operation, they must send a written notification to the EPA NESHAPS Coordinator before starting the removal operation. The notification must contain the following information: ~ * (1) Name and address of the contractor. (2) Address and description of the building, including size, age, and prior use of the building and amount of friable asbestos material present (square feet). (3) Scheduled starting and completion dates for removal. (4) Procedures that will be employed to comply with the regulation. (5. ""he name and address of the waste disposal site where the asbestos waste will be deposited. Whe- contractors send in notification of an asbestos removal operation to EPA. the EPA NESHAPS Coordinator will notify the OSHA office for that area that a removal operation is planned. See Appendix A for the full text of the EPA asbestos regulations. Questions about the regulations and compliance problems can be answered by the NESHA PS Coordinator listed in Appendix B: OSHA Regulations OSHA regulates workplace practices and the airborne concentration levels to which asbestos workers can be exposed. The OSHA regulations apply to removal, y encapsulation, and enclosure operations involving asbestos materials. OSHA has established limits on the amount of airborne asbestos to which a worker- may be exposed on a daily basis. Over an 8-hour period the average airborne asbestos concentration level (also known as the time weighted average (twa)) to which a worker may be exposed may not exceed two fibers longer than five micrometers per cubic centimeter of air (2f/ec). At no time during the 8-hour period may the airborne ~ concentration exceed It) fibers longer than 5 micrometers per cubic centimeter of air (10f/cc). The ^ lOf/cc concentration is called the ceiling concentration."" NIOSH has recommended lowering the 8-hour twa to 0.1 fibers per cubic centimeter (0. If/cc). Contractors must use air monitoring to determine whether the airborne concentration of asbestos exceed: these exposure limits. The regulations prescribe the method to be used lor an monitoring and where and how often air samples must be taken. If the airborne concentration does exceed the specified exposure limits (either the 8-hour twa or the ceiling concentration), then the contractor performing removal, encapsulation, or enclosure must: (1) Providc.emplojees with approved respirators. Th OSHA regulations require different types of respirator under different conditions. The OSHA Regional Offie listed in Appendix D can provide information on respirator requirements. The NIOSH Regional Offices listed in Appendix E can provide information on approved respirators. (2) Provide change rooms and two separate lockers'^ or sto/age containers so that.employees can keep stree clothes and work clothes separate. ^ In addition, if the ceiling concentration js exceeded ^th^ contractor must provide his employees with protective' clothing. The regulations require contractors to place" caution signs inside and immediately outside of the work area. The signs must advise people entering the area of the hazards of exposure to asbestos. Containers of waste asbestos material must be marked with a warning label which states: CAUTION CONTAINS ASBESTOS FIBERS AVOID CREATING DUST BREATHING ASBESTOS DUST MAY CAUSE SERIOUS BODILY HARM See Appendix C for the full text of the OSHA ashestregulations. Questions about the regulations and compliance problems can be answered by the OSHA Regional Offices listed in Appendix D. Information on contractor training and occupational safely is also available from these OSHA offices and the NIOSH Regional Offices listed in Appendix E. _ Contract Specifications The following general specifications are recommended for removal and encapsulation contracts. Some of the: specifications are also appropriate for enclosure contracts. If these recommended specifications are incorporated into contracts and strictly enforced, the building environment will be protected against contamination. 760217 Contractors should be encouraged to receive training (2) Remove the disposable coveralls, head covers, and to train their workers in safe work practices and in and footwear in the work area before leaving the work proper removal, encapsulation, and enclosure methods. ; area. Still wearing their respirators, proceed to the -i- Contractor and worker training can be required in the showers and remove their respirators while showering contract. > with soap and water. (3) Shower at the end of each day's work before 1. Regulations entering the change room to change into street clothes. Contractors shall comply with the requirements of the - G. Workers shall not eat. drink, smoke, chew gum. l-PA regulations. National Emission Standards for or chew tobacco in the work area. To cat. drink, or Asbestos, and the OS11A regulations on asbestos. smoke, workers shall remove the disposable work Section 1910.1001 (and any applicable State and local clothes anil footwear in the work area before leaving government regulations] which are incorporated by the work area. Still wearing their respirators, workers reference. shall proceed to the showers and remove their respirators while showering with soap and water. 2. Scope of Work A. The Contractor shall furnish all labor, materials, services, insurance, and equipment necessary to carry out the [removal operation, encapsulation operation] in accordance with the EPA and OSHA regulations [and any applicable State and local government regulations], B. The Contractor shall be responsible for obtaining approval for a waste disposal site in compliance with Section 61.25 of the EPA regulations. ' -^C. Contractors shall post the EPA and OSHA Workmen shall then dress into a new. clean disposable coverall to eat* smoke, or drink. The new coverall can be worn to reenter the work area. ...v.v. H. The Contractor shall provide a respirator and . v; disposable coveralls, headcover, and footwear to any ... official representative of the school who inspects the . . job site. . .. . .. _ : : 1. All persons entering the work area shall wear an approved respirator and disposable coverallxlhead ' . ' cover, zrh footwear. -" * -' -* ----- regulations [and any applicable State and local government regulations] at the job site. 3. Worker Protection A. The Contractor shall provide workers with approved respirator^. The Contractor shall provide a sufficient quantity of filters approved for asbestos so that workers can change filters during the work day. Filters shall not be used any longer than one (1) work Jay. The respirator filters shall be stored at the job site m the c.iange room and shall be totally protected from exposure to asbestos prior to their use. B. Workers shall always wear a respirator properly fitted on the face in the work area. C. Contractors shall instruct and train workers in proper respirator use. D. Workers shall wear disposable, full-body coveralls and disposable head covers and footwear in the work ' area. Footwear may be disposable. Non-disposable footwear shall be left in the work area at all times until disposal at job completion. E. The Contractor shall set up a change room and a ^ shower outside of the work area. ^ F. All workers without exception shall: (1) Remove street clothes in the change room and put on the disposable coveralls and head covers, and respirator before entering the work area. I 7S0218 4. Work Area Preparation shall be applied to reduce fiber release preceding the A. The Contractor shall set up a decontamination removal of the asbestos material..The material shall be facility outside of the work area which will consist of a sufficiently saturated to prevent emission of airborne change room, shower area, and equipment area. The . fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in the decontamination facility shall be subject to the approval OSHA regulations referenced in these specifications. of the official representative of the school. B. The asbestos material shall be removed in small B. The Contractor shall isolate the work area for the sections by two-man teams on staging platforms. Befoi duration of the work by completely sealing off all beginning the next section, the material shall be packe openings and fixtures in the work area including, but while still wet into sealable plastic hags (6-mil not limited to. heating and ventilation duels, doorways, minimum) and placed into liber or metal drums or ski: corridors, windows, skylights, and lighting with plastic for transport. Bags, drums, and skips shall be marked sheeting taped securely in place. with the OSHA label prescribed by the OSHA C. The Contractor shall build double barriers of regulations referenced in these specifications. The plastic sheeting at all entrances and exits to the work outside of all containers shall be clean before leaving area so that the work area is always closed off by one the work area. barrier when workers enter or exit. C. All plastic sheeting, tape, cleaning material, D. All floor and wall surfaces in the work area shall clothing, ancf all other disposable material or items us be covered with plastic sheeting taped securely in place in the work area shall be packed into sealable plastic to protect from water damage [or damage by sealants]. bags (6-mil minimum) and placed into metal or fiber E. Before the work is begun, the Contractor shall drums or skips for transport. The drums and skips sh; wet clean all removable items and equipment not be marked with the OSHA label prescribed by the ~ located on the asbestos material, remove them from the OSHA regulations referenced in these specifications. work area, and then return these items and equipment ` - D. The Contractor shall transport the sealed drums -to the work area after the job has been completed and ot skijjs to the approved waste disposal site. The seah the area has been decontaminated. plastic bags may be dumped from the drums into the,; F. The Contractor shall cover all non-removable .... burial site unless the bags have been broken or -/** - items and equipment in the work area with plastic damaged. The damaged bags shall be left in the" drum sheeting taped securely in place. and the entire contaminated drum shall be buried! G. After work area isolation, the Contractor shall Uncontaminated drums may be recycled. ***' take out all detachable electrical, heating, ventilation equipment, and other items located on the asbestos material, clean them before covering with plastic sheeting taped securely in place,-and return them to their proper place after the job has been completed and the work area has been decontaminated. H. The Contractor.shall remove all heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system fillers, pack them in sealable plastic bags (6-mil minimum) for burial in the approved waste disposal site and replace them with new filters. I. The contractor shall establish emergency and fire exits from the work area. Emergency procedures shall have priority. 6. Decontamination of Work Area A. The Contractor shall clean all surfaces in the wc area with water and/or with a High Efficiency Particulate Absolute (HEPA) filtered vacuum. (A HEPA vacuum will fail if used on wet material.), Afti cleaning the work area, the Contractor shall wait 24 hours to allow for settlement of dust, and then wetclean all surfaces in the work area again. After completion of the second cleaning operation, the Contractor shall perform a complete visual inspectior the work area to ensure that the work area is dust fn The Contractor shall take two air samples within 48 hours after completion of all cleaning work. (Minimu volume of air sample is 240 L). ' "-v 5. Method of Removal B. If the official representative of the school finds A. The asbestos material shall be sprayed with watej;r that the work area has not been decontaminated, the containing a wetting agent to enhance penetration. The Contractor shall repeat the cleaning and air monitorii wetting agent shall be 50% polyoxyethylene ester anu until the work area is in compliance. 50% polyoxyethylene ether (Aqun-GRO*), or the C. After the work area is found to be in compliant equivalent, in a concentration of one (1) ounce in five all entrances and exits are unsealed and the plastic (5) gallons of water. A fine spray of the amended water sheeting, tape, and any other trash and debris is disposed of in sealable plastic bags (6-mil minimum) Mention of trade names or specific products does not constitute endorsement hy EPA. and buried in the approved waste disposal site. 760219 7. Air Monitoring A. Throughout the entire [removal, encapsulation) and cleaning operations, air monitoring shall be : -- conducted to ensure that the Contractor is complying with the EPA and OSHA regulations [and any applicable State and local government regulations). The school shall provide an air monitoring technician to take air samples at the job site at no cost to the Contractor. B. Air monitoring will be conducted according to the method prescribed by Section 1910.1001(f) of the OSHA regulations. C. Air monitoring shall be performed to provide the following samples during the period of asbestos [removal, encapsulation): Areas to be Sampled Work Area Outside Work Area Outside Building Minimum Sutnbvr of Samples for Each Wttrk Pay 2 1 1 Unt il Sample Minimum Volume Litres 120 L 120 L - 240 L D. Samples should only be taken after actual [removal, encapsulation) work has proceeded. * 760221 . APPENDIX F SUGGESTED SPECIFICATIONS FOR ASBESTOS REMOVAL The following are suggested specifications which should be presented to a prospective contractor to determine whether a renovation or asbestos ' removal job can be accomplished in a safe and satisfactory manner. ~ 1. Documentation of Performance in Asbestos Removdl -T:. ~ a. The contractor shall furnish documentation of successful performance in asbestos removal!.. - This will include name . visU.>.'... ,^.V. *' and address of purchaser of service, location of work - -* - --------- performed, and a record or air monitoring for asbestos as ' ,, required by OSHA 1910.1001. b. The contractor will have at all times in his possession at his office (one copy) and in view at the job site (one copy), OSHA regulation 1910.1001, Asbestos, and Environmental Protection Agency 40 CFR Part 61, subpart B: National Emission standard for asbestos, asbestos stripping work practices, and disposal of asbestos waste. 2. Scope of Work ' ' a. The contractor shall furnish all labor, materials, services, insurance and equipm^L necessary for the complete removal of all asbestos located at the site in accordance with the F-l 7S0222 guidelines or regulations of the responsible state %,, agency, EPA and OSHA. . b. The contractor shall furnish proof that employees have had instruction on the dangers of asbestos ex posure, on respirator use, decontamination, and OSHA regulations. 3. Worker's Dress and Equipment for Asbestos Removal a. Work clothes will consist of full body coveralls, .- *- disposable head covers, boots, or sneakers, and respi ratory protective equipment as required by OSHA regu lations. Eye protection and hard hats should be avail- able as appropriate. f b; Coveralls should be of a paper disposable type. c. Respiratory protection for workers shall be provided by the contractor as required by current OSHA regulation. 3. Decontamination "All workers, without exception: a. Will change work clothes at designated areas prior to start of day's work. Lockers or acceptable substitutes will be provided by the contractor for street and work clothes. b. All work clothes will be removed in the work area - ^ -m. prior to departure from this area. Workers would then *. proceed to sowers. Workers will shower before lunch .. and at the end of each day's work. Hot water, towers, soap, and hygienic conditions are the responsibility of the contractor. F-2 i 1 760223 3. No smoking, eating or drinking is to take place once beyond the clean room at the job site. Prior to smoking, eating or drinking, workers will fully decontaminate by showering. Each worker will then dress into a new clean disposable coverall to east, smoke or drink. This new coverall can then be used to reenter the work area. 4. Work footwear will remain inside work area until completion of the job, % 5. Pre-Asbestos Removal Preparation a. The contractor will thoroughly seal all openings and .............. v A"--'; VfV-v fixtures including, but not limited to, heating and ven- tilating ducts, sky lights, )doors, windows, and lighting ~ ;>A!- C'*-**fi with polyethylene taped securely in place.------ ---------- b. Polyethylene sheets (6 mil minimum) will be used to cover the entire floor and wall surfaces. c. The contractor will set up a decontamination facility in a predesignated area which will house the changing room, shower area, and equipment area. d. Adequate toilet facilities should exist in the work area to avoid decontamination for this purpose. Where such faci lities do not exist, the contractor will provide portable service. e. Procedures will be written for evacuation of injured f' ' workers. Aid for a seriously injured worker will not be delayed for reasons of decontamination. F-3 Methods of Asbestos Removal 760224 a. The asbestos material will be sprayed with water .. containing an additive to enhance penetration. The additive, or wetting agent, will be 50 percent poly ethylene ester and 50 percent polyoxyethylene ether at a concentration of 1 ounce per 5 gallons of water. A fine spray of this solution must be applied to pre vent fiber disturbance preceding the removal of the -- asbestos material. 'The asbestos will be sufficiently saturated to prevent emission of airborne fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in the OSHA standards referenced in |hese specifications. b. Removal of Che asbestos material will be done in small w- - V, i-.v .. . sections with two-person teams, on staging platforms, if needed. The material will be packed into labeled 6-mil plastic bags held within 55-gal drums prior to starting the next section to prevent the material from drying. c. Packed and sealed drums, with the required labeling, will be delivered to a predesignated disposal site for burial. Labels and all necessary signs shall be in accordance with EPA and OSHA standards. - .... V v V d. Following removal, the entire area will be wet cleaned. .4 After a 24-houryperiod to allow for dust settling, the ''r entire area will be wet cleaned again. During this settling period, no entry, activity, or ventilation will F-4 be allowed. 1 - 760225 Twenty-four hours after the second cleaning r:>- all..surfaces in the entire work area will be thoroughly vacuumed and wet mopped. e. All polyethylene material, tape, cleaning material, and clothing will be placed in plastic-lined drums, sealed and labeled as described above for the asbestos waste material. f. All equipment will be cleaned of asbestos material prior to leaving the work area. Air Monitoring ~ ....... "~ .. a. Throughout the removal and cleaning operations, air sample - - - - . -- . r. X .* nt.-c-J*' monitoring will be conducted to ensure that the Contractor is complying with all codes,jregulations and ordinances. ---------- ... - -r * The method to be used is described in OSHA standards, v~ . . .. .1 .... -.--w.jiaf?jtevX't 1910.93a. The air monitoring technician and his equipment will be subject to approval of the purchaser's represen tative. Prior to the start of any work, the technician's method of measurement and proof that his method is approved by the Secretary of Labor of the United States will be submitted to the purchasers representatives for his approval, b. Air monitoring will be performed to provide the following samples during the period of asbestos removal: F-5 I* 760226 Area to be ... sampled Work area Number of Minimum sample volume samples in liters '4 60 Outside work area barriers 2 120 Outside building 2 240 Samples will be taken after the actual removal operation has begun. Clean-up and Guarantee --........................ - a. After the second cleaning operation the following test should be performed: A complete visual inspection should be made to Insure dust free conditions, and two air %.. . ^ Si-. samples within 48 hours alter completion of all cleaning ....... work should be taken. (Minimum volume of air sample 240 liters). f b. If noncompliance occurs, repeat cleaning and measurement until space is in compliance. Refer to 29 CFR 1910.1001, 7a. Disposal of Asbestos Material and Related Debris a. All asbestos materials and miscellaneous debris in sealed drums will be transported to the predesignated disposal site in accordance with the guidelines of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. b. Workers unloading the sealed drums and machinery operators will wear respira/tors- when handling material at the disposal site. F-6 7S0227 , c. The bags may be dumped from the drums into the burial site. The drums may be reused. However, if a bag is broken or damaged, the entire drum should be buried. 10. If, at any time, the purchaser's representative decides that work practice are violating pertinent regulations or endangering workers, he will immediately notify in writ ing the on-site contractor representative that operations will cease until corrective action .is taken. ................. ^ .. ................ ........... ' ` ................... ***....... -r.-, Figure F-l shows the general sequence which should be followed in an ;t asbestos removal operation. ,| r-Uf? 36' r(fc.*U6fWv- - v:..,Vw - ... _ .. ^ ?:-> 4- ' . a- f F-7 F-8 1 SAMPLE SPECIFICATIONS __ 780229 -vv* f EjfTtL Tltif sWel no+ i*u*VicW - ^ 5- * 39*^ . r/A*SvW*A*v.tW54-6's-sT V-OvipVo*oA3_-U_P_p_a'_dc_aifaicWAAyf7fr1os6vViC^VDAhR**y\UAHAfcCJ.*i>t. it<S* 4cVp sf*; Tktrf. W o^Vfr; ^^3,6>VM f * Authorized Visitor - the building owner, or a representative of any regulatory or other agency having jurisdiction over the project. .'-'rr.--. -:. ,' Abatement - procedures to control fiber release from spray- or trowel-applied asbestos-containing building materials. Includes encapsulation,' enclosure, removal. 760231 Removal - All herein specified procedures necessary to strip all spray- or trowel-applied asbestos-containing materials from the designated areas and to dispose of these materials at an acceptable site. Encapsulation - All herein specified procedures necessary to coat all spray- or trowel-applied asbestos-containing materials with an en- capsulant to control the possible release of asbestos fibers into the ambient air. ------- - Enclosure - All herein specified procedures necessary to complete enclosure of all spray- or trowel-applied asbestos-containing .. material behind airtight, impermeable, permanent barriers. ^ -- Air Monitoring - the process of measuring the fiber content of a specific volume of air in a stated period of time. 1' HEPA Vacuum Equipment - high efficiency particulate air (absolute) filtered vacuuming equipment with a filter system capable of,,^^. collecting and retaining asbestos fibers. Filters should be ____________ of 99.97% efficiency for retaining fibers of 0.3 microns or larger.' Surfactant - a chemical wetting agent added to water to improve penetration, thus reducing the quantity of water required for a given operation or area. Amended water - a water to which a surfactant has been added. Airlock - a system for permitting ingress or egress without per mitting air movement between a contaminated area and an uncon- taminated area, typically consisting of two curtained doorways, at least 6 feet (2 meters) apart. * Decontamination Enclosure System - a series of connected rooms, with curtained doorways between any two adjacent rooms, for the decon tamination of workers or of materials and equipment. A decon tamination enclosure system always contains at least one airlock. ~.wir Worker Decontamination Enclosure System - a decontamination enclosure system for materials and equighent, typically consisting of a .. r; designated area of the work jfrea,' a washroom, a holding area, and an uncontaminated area. -. : ..........' .. ......... * Two curtained~doorways spaced a minimum of 6 feet (2 meters) apart from an airlock. 780231 Equipment Decontamination Enclosure System - a. decontamination enclosure system for materials and equipment, typically, consisting of a-desig- _ ' nated area of the wprk area, a washroom, a holding area, and an uncontaminated area. Clean Room - an uncontaminated area or room which is part of the worker decontamination enclosure system, with provisions for storage of worker's street clothes and protective equipment. Shower Room - a room between the clean room and the equipment room in the worker decontamination enclosure system, with hot and cold or warm running water and suitably arranged for complete showering during de contamination. The shower room comprises an airlock between contaminated and clean areas. Equipment Room - a contaminated area or room which is part of the worker decontamination enclosure system, with provisions for storage of contaminated clothing and equipment. . .v.' ri'~. Washroom - a room between the work area and the holding area in the ~r~~r equipment decontamination enclosure system. The washroom comprises an airlock. ~"V Holding area - a chamber between the washroom and an uncantaminated area - ^aaqfe.%' in the equipment decontamination enclosure system. The holding area comprises an airlock. - - ; f HEPA filter - a high efficiency Particulate Absolute (HEPA) filter . capable of trapping and retaining 99.97% of asbestos fibers greater Jhan 0.3 microns in length. --i Encapsulant (Sealant) - a liquid material which can be applied to asbestos-containing material and which controls the possible release of asbestos fibers from the material either by creating a membrane - over the surface (bridging encapsulant) ot by penetrating into the material and binding its components together (penetrating encap sulant) . Wet Cleaning - the process of eliminating asbestos contamination from building surfaces and objects by using cloths, mops, or other cleaning tools which have been dampened with water, and by afterwards disposing of these cleaning tools as asbestos-contaminated waste. Negative Pressure - a local exhaust system capable of maintaining -:c--.y^^IU^:/ -**>;*.. a minimum pressure differential of minus 0.02 inch of water column relative to adjacent unsealed areas. v 760232 .vr Materials 6 Equipment x. Plastic sheeting of 6 mil thickness or as specified. . ' 'i . 2 Tape capable of sealing joints of plastic and adhering under *. wet and dry conditions. r' .* . *. - -J ; *jiKV> 3. Surfactant (wetting agent) consisting of 50 percent polyoxyethylene ?.*-0&3&izsr ether and 50 percent polyo ethylene ester to mix with water ; *>- *>-=6 [1 02 per 5 gallons water]. 4. Impermeable containers - suitable to receive and retain any asbestos-containing or contaminated materials until disposal (6 mil thick bags and drums). 5. Warning labels and signs as per OSHA regulations. 6. Replacement, enclosure, or encapsulating material as specified by owner. f -7^ %,-V- ASBESTOS REMOVAL 760233 -- 1. Spray asbestos material with amended water, using spray equipment capable of providing a "mist" application to reduce the release of fibers. Saturate the material sufficiently to wet it to the substrate without causing excess dripping or delamination of the material. Spray the asbestos material repeatedly during work process to maintain wet condition and to minimize asbestos fiber dispersion. - 2. Remove the saturated asbestos material in small sections. As it is removed pack the material in sealable plastic bags of [6 mil] [0.15 mm.] minimum thickness and place in labeled containers for transport. Material shall not be allowed to dry out prior to insertion into the container. 3. Seal filled containers. . [Place caution labels on containers in .... . accordance with OSHA regulation 29 CFR 1910.1001 (g) (2).] Clean external surfaces of containers thoroughly by wet sponging . _ . in the designated area of the work area which is part of the . ~ equipment decontamination enclosure system. Move containers to washroom, wet clean each container thoroughly, and move to holding area pending removal to uncontpninated areas. " Ensure : . -v-i: n that containers are Temoved From the holding area hy workers who have entered from uncontaminated areas dressed in clean coveralls. Ensure that workers do not enter from uncontaminated areas into the washroom or the work area; ensure that contaminated AAsaMMA workers do not exit the work area through the equipment decontamin- ation enclosure system. .^ 4. After completion of stripping work, all surfaces from which asbestos has been removed shall be wire brushed and/or wet sponged or cleaned by an equivalent method to remove all visible material. .During this work the surfaces being cleaned shall be kept wet. 5. Where the building owner decides removal of asbestos-containing material is impossible due to obstructions such as structural members or major service elements, and provides a written direction, encapsulate the material as follows: [Apply bridging type encapsulant to provide [ ] mm. minimum dry film thickness over sprayed asbestos surfaces.] Apply : penetrating type encapsulant to penetrate existing sprayed .: asbestos materials to a depth of [ ] mm.]. [Apply pene trating type encapsulant to penetrate existing sprayed asbestos materials uniformly to substrate.] [When using a bridging type encapsularfX, use a different color for each coat. Use [J^for .final coat.[ [During treat ment with a penetrating encapsulant, remove selected random core samples of the asbestos-containing material in the presence of^the owner to check the depth of penetration.] Apply encapsulant using airless spray equipment. - _ 760234 *,, Air Monitoring for Asbestos Sample the in-school ambient, atmosphere prior to initiation of abatement procedure. Comply with OSHA requirements for determining employee exposures as well as area and personal sampling required by the facility owner. Sample the in-school ambient atmosphere after the second cleaning to determine degree of cleanness- (goal 0.01 fibers/w) Sample after third cleaning (if necessary) to determine degree of cleanness, (goal 0.01 fiber/cc) .....---------------- ----------- :________ ____ All air monitoring shall comply with the NIOSH approved method . for asbestos samples. The analysis will be done according to the NIOSH analytical technique and by a laboratory certified by.NIOSH for Asbestos Analysis. "The`contractor will be Tesponsi-* - ble for providing this service and must have prior approval for ... . ^ the laboratory from the architect and owner. Daily reports of sampling results may be required, -v 760235 Site Preparation- 1. Close down electric power systems and provide temporary power and lighting. 2; Shut down heating, cooling, and ventilation systems. 3. Pre-clean all movable objects within work area, using High Efficiency Particulate Air Absolute Filtration (HEPA) and/or wet cleaning methods and ship to temporary storage location. 4. Pre-clean fixed objects using HEPA vacuum equipment and/or wet cleaning techniques and enclose with minimum 4 mil plastic sheeting. 5. Clean the proposed work area using HEPA vacuum equipment and/or wet cleaning methods as appropriate. ....; .. T 6. Seal off all openings to the exterior with plastic sheeting sealed with tape. Doorways and corridors not used for passage during work must be sealed with barriers. 6 mil minimum. : r --f 7. Cover floor and wall surfaces with plastic sheeting sealed with . - tape. .,6 mil minimum, (minimum o^ 2 layers on floor) 8 Construct airlocks at entrances and exists to Vork ` areas?" v 'P (a) An equipment room with two airlocks,'-one to work area and one to the shower room, .r - ladBfa!*.* (b) A shower room with two airlocks, one to the equipment room and one to the clean room. The shower room `SJ5- shall contain at least one shower with hot and cold or warm water. A supply of soap shall be insured ..at all times. (c) A clean room with one airlock into the shower and one exit to an uncontaminated area of the building. (d) An equipment/waste decontamination washroom with two airlocks, one to the work area and one to the holding area. (e) A holding area with one airlock to an uncontaminated area. (f) Openings to other parts of the building not undergoing asbestos abatement and/or remaining in use shall be sealed off by means of sin airtight barrier. 9. Clean and remove ceiling materials and/or equipment as required for asbestos abatement using wet methods or HEPA vaccuum. " / Suspended ceiling tiles, T-grids, suspended gTid systems, etc., . may be either secured with 6 mil plastic sheeting for future . use or discarded as contaminated waste. 10 Maintain and visually inspect all enclosures at the beginning -- of each work day. Repair all damaged areas immediately. 11. Install HEPA ventilation system to maintain negative pressure within area to be cleaned. No discharge of asbestos fibers to the outside of the building will be allowed. asbestos encapsulation 760236 1. Repair damaged and missing areas of existing sprayed asbestos to -.C-. obtain a suitable base for sealing and to restore continuity of existing material. Use the specified asbestos-free replacement * material. Prepare surfaces and apply replacement material in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. .2 Remove loose or hanging asbestos material and pack in sealable plastic bags [6 mil] [0.15 mm] minimum thickness and place in labeled containers for transport. 3. Seal filled containers. [Place caution labels on containers in accordance with OSHA regulation 29 CFR 1910.1001 (g) (2).] Clean external surfaces of containers thoroughly by wet sponging in the designated area of the work area which is part of the equip ment decontamination enclosure system. Move, containers to wash room, wet clean each container thoroughly, and move to holding area pending removal to uncontaminated areas. Ensure that con tainers are removed from the holding area by workers who have entered from uncontaminated areas dressed in clean coveralls. Ensure that workers do not enter from uncontaminated areas into the washroom or the work area; ensure that contaminated workers do not exit the work area through the equipment decontamination - - enclosure system. ...... ----- ------ . Vr v ?i;-- - 4. [Apply bridging type encapsulant to provide [ ] mm minimum dry . ^__ ^ ~ film thickness over sprayed asbestos surfaces.] [Apply pene- - "* trating type encapsulant to penetrate existing sprayed asbestos materials uniformly to substrate, or to the depth of [ [ pene tration as previously determined by field spray test. [When using a bridging type encapsulant, use a different color for each coat. Use [ ] for final coat.] [During treatment with a penetrating encapsulant, remove selected random core samples of the asbestos-containing material in the presence of the owner to check the depth of penetration.] Apply encapsulant using airless spray equipment. ASBESTOS ENCLOSURE 1. Spray areas which will be disturbed while securing hangers and other fixing devices with water containing the specified wetting agent. Keep asbestos material damp to prevent release of airborne fibers. 2. Remove loose or hanging asbestos material when damp, [and place in sealable plastic bags of 6 mil [0.15] minimum thickness] and place in labeled containers for transport. 3. Seal filled containers. Place caution labels on containers in accordance with OSHA regulation 29 CFR 1910.1001 (g) (2). Clean external surfaces of containers thoroughly by wet sponging in the designated area of the work area which is part of the equipment decontamination enclosure system. Move containers to washroom, wet clean each container thoroughly, and move to '-- . . * 760237 ' holding area pending removal to uncontaminated areas. Ensure ----- that containers are removed from the holding area by workers who have entered from uncontaminated areas dressed in clean --- coveralls. Ensure'that workers do not enter from uncontaminated - A --- areas into the washroom or the work areas; ensure that contamin ated workers, do not exit the work area through the equipment decontamination enclosure system. 4. After installation of hangers and other fixing devices and before enclosing asbestos, repair damaged and missing areas of existing sprayed-on materials using the specified asbestos free replacement material. Prepare surfaces and apply in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. 5. There are so many ways to enclose asbestos surfaces that it is impossible to include a useful specification here. Follow owner's specifications. -....- - --- - - CLEAN UP 1. Remove visible accumulations of asbestos material and debris. Wet clean all surfaces within the work area. : - v-* . * - -----if' - - .' .. ' ' * * *' - & -* - * 2 Remove the plastic sheets from walls and floors only. The \ Wg y ^ . ~.r --- windows, doors, and HVAC vents shall remain sealed and any - HEPA filtered negative air pressure systems, air filtration ~ and decontamination enclosure systems shall remain in service. 3. Clean all surfaces in the work area and any other contaminated .areas with water and or with HEPA filtered vacuum equipment. After cleaning the work area, wait 24 hours to allow for settlement of dust, and again w^t clean or clean with HEPA filtered vacuum equipment all surfaces in the work area. After completion of the second cleaning operation, perform a complete -visual inspection 'of the work area to ensure that the work area is free of visible asbestos debris. Air samples will be taken to measure degree of cleanness. . 4. Sealed drums and all equipment used in the work area shall be included in the cleanup and shall be removed from work areas, via the equipment decontamination enclosure system, at an appropriate time in the cleaning sequence. 5. If the building owner within [24] hours finds visible accumu lations of asbestos debris in the work area, the Contractor shall repeat the wet cleaning until the work area is in com- ..... pliance, at the Contractor's expense. Sample again to determine cleanness. y 6. When a final inspection determines that the area is free of accumulations of visible asbestos debris, the decontamination enclosure systems shall be removed, the area thoroughly wet cleaned, and materials from the equipment room and shower disposed of as contaiminated waste. A final check shall be 7S0238 -- carried out to ensure that no dust or debris remains on surfaces __ as a result of dismantling operations. ____ '; 7. As the work progresses, to prevent exceeding avai'Uble storage capacity on site, remove sealed.and labeled containers of con taminated waste and dispose of as contaminated waste. ,, RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF OBJECTS AND SYSTEMS _________________________ 1. When clean-up is complete: (a) Relocate objects moved to temporary locations in the course of the work to their former positions. (b) Re-secure mounted objects removed in the course of the work in their former positions. (c) Re-establish HVAC, mechanical and electrical systems in proper working order. Install new filters and dispose of used filters as contaminated waste. DISPOSAL * ' -' .. r-~J - - | _ - - --T - ~ ........ Disposal of asbestos-containing materials and asbestos-contaminated waste. storage As the work capacity on progresses, and to prevent exceeding available site, remove sealed and labeled containers of tvAMacs'-ar. asbestos waste and dispose of such containers at an authorized dis posal site in accordance with the requirements of disposal authority Submit documentation regarding disposal to building owner. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS WHICH SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN SPECS 1. ) workers should be provided with type C air. 2. ) contractor should agree to make respiratory medical examinations a condition of employment.should also agree to keep medical and air sampling records. 3. ) contractor should be required to make arrangements with the landfill operator to: (a)have the asbestos buried within 24 hours of arrival at the landfill. (b)deliver the asbestos at times when it can be buried within 24 hrs. v t- ^ (c)get receipts of some sort from the landfill.Require that all asbestos be accounted for. Financial penalties should be included for noncompliance. \v 4. ) for the job to be considered compile,before payment will be authorized, air sampling should show that the renovated area is clean.Air levels should be less than .01 fibers/cc with at least 1000 Liters sampled. 760239 __________ ______________ _____________________ 7S0240 Appendix C: U.S. Department of Labor- 7 ^ Occupational Safety, and Health Administration 'OSHA) Asbestos Regulations Code of Federal Regulations Title 29, Part 1910) Section 1910.1001 a) Definitions. For the purpose of this section. (1) "Asbestos" includes chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, anthophyllite, and actinolite. (2) "Asbestos fibers" means asbestos fibers longer than 5 micrometers. b) Permissible exposure to' airborne concen trations of asbestos fibers. (1) Standard effective July 7, 1972. The 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed five fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter x>f air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (2) Standard effective July 1, 1976. The 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed two fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (3) Ceiling concentration. No employee shall be exposed at any time to airborne concentra- tions of asbestos fibers in excess of 10 fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic cen timeter of air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section. c) Methods of compliance. (1) Engineering methods. (i) Engineering controls. Engineering con trols, such as, but not limited to, isolation, enclosure, exhaust ventilation, and dust collection, shall be used to meet the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (ii) local exhautt ventilalion. (a) Local exhaust ventilation and dust collection systems shall be designed, constructed, installed, and maintained in accordance with the American National Standard Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operation of Local Exhaust Systems, ANSI Z9.2-1971, which is incorporated by reference herein. - > ---- y-t* (b) See 1910.6 concerning the availabil-` ^~^~ ity of ANSI Z9.2-1971, and the mainte- -- nance of a historic file in connection therewith. The address of the American ~ National Standards Institute-rs give n in $ 1910.100. ....... . ..r. " (iii) Particular tools. All hand-operated and ' power-operated tools which may produce or release asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph " (b) of this section, such as, but not limited to, saws, scorers, abrasive wheels, and drills, shall be provided with local exhaust ventilation systems in accordance with subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph. (2) Work practices. (i) Wet methods. Insofar as practicable, ^sl)estosshaj1^JJJandled, mixed, applied, iff mo^(ff-utTscored. or otherwise worked jjjs^w^^ta^^sufficient to prevent the emission of airborne fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in para graph (b) of this section, unless the use fulness of the product would be dimin ished thereby. (ii) Particular products and operations. No asbestos cement, mortar, coating, grout, plaster, or similar material containing asbestos shall be removed from bags, car tons, or other containers in which they are shipped, without being either wetted, or enclosed, or ventilated so as to prevent effectively the release of airborne asbes tos fibers in excess of the limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (iii) Spraying, demolition, of removal. Employees engaggiLiil-the spraying of asf>e3TOS!TTe^n:|^20i.r demolition pipes, structures, or equipment coverea or insffr^JpT^^iLafihfiStflSt-^^d in the removalortemolition of asbestos insula tion or coverings r'espiratorveppmme^ ir^ accordance nrciai clMothiiTiiLTi)?' in section accordance 1------- - tlTTt TM-ct tion. J) Personal protective equipment. (1) Compliance with the exposure limits pre scribed by paragraph (b) of this section may not be achieved by the use of respirators or shift rotation of employees, except: (i) During ^he time period necessary to install the engineering controls and to institute the work practices required by paragraph (c) of this section; (ii) In work situations in which the methods prescribed in paragraph (c) of "this section are either technically not feasible or feasible to an extent insuf ficient to reduce the airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers below the limits prescribed by paragraph (b) of this sec tion; or (iii) In emergencies. (iv) Where both respirators and personnel rotation are allowed by subdivisions (i), (ii), or (iii) of this subparagraph, and both are practicable, personnel rotation shall be preferred and used. (2) Where a respirator is permitted by subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, it shall be selected from among those approved by the Bureau of Mines, Department of the Interior, or the National Institute for Occu pational Safety and Health, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, under the provisions of 30 CFR Part 11 (37 F.R. 6244, Mar. 25, 1972), and shall be used in accordance with subdivisions (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) of this subparagraph. (i) Air purifying respirators. A reusable or single use air purifying respirator, or a r.sP>rator described in subdivision (ii) or (iii) of this subparagraph, shall be-used to reduce the concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour time-weighted average airborne y 760241 concentrations of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed no more than 10 times those limits. (ii) Powered oir purifying respirators. A full facepiece powered air purifying respirator, or a powered air purifying respirator, or a respirator described in subdivision (iii) of this subparagraph, shall be used to reduce the concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph (b) of this section, when the ceiling or the. 8-hour timeweighted average concentrations of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed 10 times, but not 100 times, those limits. ...... iii) Type "C" supplied-air respirators, continuous flow or pressure-demand class. A type "C" COn- tinuous flow or pressure-demand,- supplied-air respirator shall be used to reduce the concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentrations of asbestos fiber? are. reasonably expected to exceed 100 times those limits. ~_ - wf.. . (iv) Establishment of a respirator program. (a) The employer shall establish a respirator program in accordance with the requirements of the American National Standard Practices for Res piratory Protection, ANSI Z88.2-1969, which is incorporated by reference herein. (b) See 1910.6 concerning the availabil ity of ANSI Z88.2-1969 and the mainte nance of an historic file in connection ` therewith. The address of the American National Standards Institute is given in 1910.100. (c) No employee shall be assigned to ^ ' tasks requiring the use of respirators if, based upon his most recent examina tion, an examining physician deter mines that the employee will be unable to function normally wearing a respirator, or that the safety or health of the employee or other employees will be impaired by his use of a respirator. Such employee shall be rotated to another job or given the opportunity to transfer to a different position whose duties he is able to perform with the same employer, in the same geographi cal area and with the same seniority, status, and rate of pay he had just prior . to such transfer, if such a different posi tion is available. ' (3) Special clothing: The employer shall pro vide, and require the use of, special clothing, such as cg^ficaiis^or similar whole body clothing^n^if^^vpyjjjjg^jjloves^ and coverings iur any employee exposed to air7nmT?T?oncentrations of asbestos fibers, which exceed the ceiling level prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (4) Change rooms: (i) At any fixed place of employment exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, the employer shall provide change rooms for employees working reg ularly at the place. > (ii) Clothes lockers: The employer shall provide two separate lockers or con tainers for each employee, so separated or isolated as to prevent contamination of the employee's street clothes from his work clothes. (iii) Laundering: (a) Laundering of asbestos con taminated clothing shall be done so as to prevent the release of airborne asbes tos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this sec tion. (b) Any employer who gives asbestoscontaminated clothing to another per son for laundering shall inform such person of the requirement in (a) of this subdivision to effectively prevent the release of airborne asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. / (c) Contaminated clothing shall be transported in sealed impermeable bags, or other closed, impermeable con tainers, and labeled in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section. i Method of measurement. _ All determinations of airborne concentra.ions of asbestos fibers shall be made by the nembrane filter method at 400-150 x (mag nification) (4 millimeter objective) with ahase contrast illumination. 750242 (f) Monitoring. - (1). Initial determination*. Within 6 months of the publication of this section, every employer shall cause every place of employ- . ment where asbestos fibers are released to be monitored in such a way as to determine whether every employee's exposure to asbestos fibers is below the limits prescribed in paragraph (!>) of this section. If the limits are exceeded, the employer shall immediately undertake a compliance pro gram in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section. (2) Personal monitoring. () Samples shall be collected from within the breathing zone of the employees, on membrane filters of 0.8 micrometer poros ity mounted in an open-face filter holder. Samples shall be taken for the determina- - tion of the 8-hour time-weighted average `airborne concentrations and of the ceiling concentrations of asbestos fibers. - - -- (ii) Sampling frequency and patterns. After the : initial determinations required by' sub- ' paragraph (1) of this paragraph, samples shall be of such frequency and pattern as to represent with reasonable accuracy the levels of exposure of employees. In no case shall the sampling be done at intervals greater then 6 months for employees whose exposure to asbestos may reasonably be foreseen to exceed the limits prescribed by paragraph (b) of this section. : ."- * v- 1 (3) Environmental monitoring. (i) Samples shall be collected from areas of a work environment which are rep resentative of the airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers which may reach the breathing zone of employees. Samples shall be collected on a membrane filter of 0.8 micrometer porosity mounted in an open-face filter holder. Samples shall be ^ taken for the determination of the 8-hour ' time-weighted average airborne concen trations and of the ceiling concentrations of asbestos fibers. (ii) Sampling frequency and pattern*. After the initial determinations required by subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, samples shall be of such frequency and pattern as to represent with reasonable accuracy the levels of exposure of the employees. In no case shall sampling be at intervals greater than 6 months for employees whose exposures to asbestos may reason ably be foreseen to exceed the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. ' 4) Employe* observation of monitoring. Affected employees, or their representatives, shall oe given a reasonable opportunity to jbserve any monitoring required by this paragraph and shall have access to the records thereof. ) Caution signs and labels. 1) Caution signs. (i) Posting. Caution signs shall be provided nnd displayed at each location where air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers may be in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. Signs shall be posted at such a distance from such a location so that an employee may read the signs and take necessary protective steps before entering the area marked by the signs. Signs shall be posted at all approaches to areas containing excessive concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers. (ii) Sign specifications. The warning signs required by subdivision (i) of this subparagraph shall conform to the require ments of 20* x 14* vertical format signs soecified in 5 1910.145(d)(4), and to this subdivision. The signs shall display the following legend in the lower panel, with letter sizes and styles of a visibility at least equal to that specified in this sub division. Asbestos Legend Dost^ Hazard________________ ___ Avoid Breathing Dust 14" Gothic. Wear Assigned Protective Equip- menL Do Not Remain In Area Unless. Your Work Requires It Breathing Asbestos Dust May Be Hazardous To Your Health. Notation 1" Sans Serif, Gothic or Block. ?4"Sans Serif, Gothic or Block. 14" Gothic. 14" Gothic. 14 point Gothic. Spacing between lines shall be at least equal to the height of the upper of any two lines. (2) Caution labels. 7S0243 (i) labeling. Caution labels shall be affixed toallr a nzmf^Ffff.Tu res, scrip, "7vaste73ebris, and other products contain ing asB??To^7bers, or to their containers, except that no label is required where asbestos libers have been modified by a bonding agent, coating, binder, or other material so that during any reasonably foreseeable use, handling, storage, dis posal, processing, or transportation, no airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph (b) of this section will be released. (ii) label specifications. The caution labels required by subdivision (i) of this sub- paragraph shall be printed in letters of sufficient size and contrast as to be read ily visible and legible. The label shall state: Caution Contains Asbestos Fibers ' Avoi.l Creating Dust Breutliing Asbestos Dust May Cause . ,, Serious liuuily Harm ^ , (h) Housekeeping. .jfc-Ae3-fc^Jr*'- "V (1) Cleaning. All external surfaces in any place of employment shall be maintained free of accumulations of asbestos fibers if, with their dispersion, there would he an excessive concentration. (2) Waste disposal. Asbestos waste, scrap, debris, bags, containers, equipment, and asbestos-contaminated clothing, consigned for disposal, which may produce in any reasonably foreseeable use, handling, stor age, processing, disposal, or transportation airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section shall be col lected and disposed of in sealed imperme able bags, or other closed, impermeable con tainers. ' - ~r- . . ... ) Recordkeeping. ...... (1) Exposure records. Every employer shall maintain records of any personal or environ mental monitoring required by this section. Records shall be maintained for a period of at least 20 years and shall be made available upon request to the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and to au thorized representatives of either. HI F.R. 11504. March 19, 1976.| (2) Employee oece**. Every employee and former employee shall have reasonable access to any record required to be main tained by subparagraph (1) of this para graph, which indicates the employee's own exposure to asbestos fibers. (3) Employee notification. Any employee found to have been exposed at any time to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in excess of the limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section shall be notified in writing of the exposure as soon as practicable but not later than 5 days of the finding. The employee shall also be timely notified of the corrective action being taken. j) Medical examinations. (1) General. The employer shall provide or make available at his cost, medical examina tions relative to exposure to asbestos required by this paragraph. (2) Preplacement. The employer shall provide or make available to each of his employees, within 30 calendar days following his first employment in an occupation exposed to air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers, a comprehensive medical examination, which shall include, as a minimum, a chest roent genogram (posterior-anterior 14 x 17 inches), a historyto elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary func tion tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 sec ond (FEVi.o).3 (3) Annual examinations. On or before January 31, 1973, and at least annually thereafter, every employer shall provide, or make avail able, comprehensive medical examinations to each of his employees engaged in occupa tions exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers. Such annual examination shall include, as a minimum, a chest roent genogram (posterior-anterior 14 x 17 inches), a history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary func tion tests to include forced vital capacity I 760244 (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 sec ond (FEVi.o). (4) Termination of employment. The employer V shall provide, or make available, within 30 calendar days before or after the termina tion of employment of any employee engaged in an occupation exposed to air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers, a comprehensive medical examination which shall include, as a minimum, a chest roent genogram (posterior-anterior 14 x 17 inches), a history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary func tion tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 sec ond (FEV1.0). (5) Recent examinations. No medical examina tion is required of any employee, if adequate records show that the employee has been examined in accordance with this para graph within the past 1-year period. (6) Medical record*. (i) Maintenance. Employers of employees examined pursuant to this paragraph shall cause to be maintained complete and accurate records of all such medical examinations. Records shall be retained by employers for at least 20 years. * (ii) Access. The contents of the records of the medical examinations required by this paragraph shall be made available, for inspection and copying, to the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupa tional Safety and Health, the Director of NIOSH, to authorized physicians and medical consultants of either of them, and, upon the request of an employee or former employee, to his physician. Any physician who conducts a medical exami nation required by this paragraph shall furnish to the employer of the examined employee all the information specifically required by this paragraph, and any other medical information related to occupa- '[' ... tional exposure to asbestos fibers. 760245 Subpsrt B--National Emission Standard tor Asbestos that are indivldualli non-schedulrd arc covered with snow or ice Is considered included, provided a number of such op "surfacing."7 - - . 161.20 Applicability. erations can be predicted to occur during a given period of time based on operating The provisions of this subpart are ap- - plicable to those sources specified in experience.7 ` - ' (o) "Emergency renovation" means a 61.22. renovation operation that results from a ic> Manufacturing: There shall be-no visible emissions to the outside air. ex cept as provided In paragraph <f) of this section, from any of the following op erations if they use commercial asbestos $61.21 Drfiniiiam. sudden, unexpected event, and is not a or from any building or structure In Terms used In this subpart are defined In the act. In subpart A of this part, or In this section as follows: <a) "Asbestos" means actlnollte. amo- stte. anthophyllite. chrysotlle. crocidollte. tremolite. <b) "Asbestos material" means as bestos or any material containing as bestos. , cc) "Particulate asbestos material" means finely divided particles of asbestos material. <d "Asbestos tailings" means any solid waste product of asbestos mining or milling operations which contains as bestos. - (el "Outside air" means the air out side buildings and structures. f "Visible emissions" means any emissions which are visually detectable without the aid of Instruments and which contain particulate asbestos material. (g) "Asbestos mill" means any facility engaged In the conversion or any Inter mediate step in the conversion of asbestos ore into commercial asbestos. Outside storage of asbestos materials Is not con sidered a part of such facility.2 (hi "Commercial asbestos" means any variety of asbestos which is produced by extracting asbestos from asbestos ore.2 . (1) "Manufacturing" means the com bining of commercial asbestos, or In the case of woven friction products the com bining of textiles containing commercial asbestos, with any other materlal(s). In cluding commercial asbestos, and the processing of this combination Into a product os specified in S 61.22(c).2 (J) "Demolition" means the wrecking or taking out of any load-supporting structural member and any related re moving or stripping of friable asbestos materials.2,7 (k> "Friable asbestos material" means any material that contains more than 1 percent asbestos by weight and that can be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder, when dry, by hand pressure.7 (1) "Control device asbestos waste" means any asbestos-containing waste material that is collected In a pollution planned renovation. Operations necessi which such operations are conducted.7 tated by non-routine failures of equip (1) The manufacture of cloth, cord, ment are included.7 wicks, tubing, tape, twine, rope, thread, (p) "Adequately wetted" means suf yarn, roving, lap. or other textile ma ficiently mixed or coated with water or terials. on aqueous solution to prevent dust (2) The manufacture of cement prod emissions.7 ucts. (q) "Removing" means taking out friable asbestos materials used on any pipe, duct, boiler, tank, reactor, tur bine. furnace, or structural member (3) The manufacture of fireproofing and insulating materials. (4) The manufacture of friction products. from any building, structure, facility, or Installation.7-49 (r) "Stripping" means taking off fri able asbestos materials from any pipe, duct, boiler, tank, reactor, turbine, fur <5> The manufacture of paper, mill board. and felt. ... The manufacture of floor tile. (7) The manufacture of paints, coat ings. caulks, adhesives, sealants. ^ nace. or structural member.7,49 ~ (s) "Fabricating" means any process ing of a manufactured product contain ing commercial asbestos, with the ex ception of processing at temporary sites for the construction or restoration of buildings, structures, facilities or instal lations.7 * - (t> "Inactive waste disposal site" means any disposal site or portion thereof where additional asbestos-con taining waste material will not be depos-' Ited and where the surface Is not dis turbed by vehicular traffic.7 (u) "Active waste disposal site" means any disposal site other than an inactive (8) The manufacture of plastics and rubber materials. -. ~ - ----- -- (9) The manufacture of chlorine. ~ i - (10) The manufacture of shotgun shells.7 - .. . (11) The manufacture of asphalt con Crete.7 ^ (d) Demolition and renovation The - jxflUttfilttSBlA. of this paragraph shall -1 apply to any owner or operator ol ' aemoiition or renovation operation _ who intends to demolish any instlttf-'^" ' tional. commercial, or Industrial buUd- ^r, tng (Including apartment buildings having more than four dwelling units). / structure, facility. Installation, or por tion thereof which contains any pipe, site.7 (v) "Roadways" means surfaces on which motor vehicles travel Including, duct, boiler, tank, reactor, turbine, fur nace. or structural member that is cov ered or coated with friable asbestos but not limited to. highways, roads, materials, except as provided in para streets, parking areas, and driveways.7 (w) "Asbestos-containing waste mate graph (dXl) of this section; or who in tends to renovate any institutional, rial" means any waste which contains commercial, or industrial building, commercial asbestos and is generated by structure, facility, installation, or por a source subject to the provisions of this tion thereof where more than 80 subpart, including asbestos mill tailings, meters (ca: 260 feet) of pipe covered or control device asbestos waste, friable as coated with friable asbestos materials bestos waste material, and bags or con are stripped or removed, or more than tainers that previously contained com IS square meters, (ca. 160 square feet) mercial asbestos.7 of friable asbestos materials used to (x) "Structural member" means any load-supporting member, such as beams and load-supporting walls: or any nonload-supporting member, such as ceilings and non-load-supporting walls.34 cover or coat any duct, boiler, tank, re actor, turbine, furnace, or structural member are stripped or removed.7-49 'Ml) (1) The owner or operator of a , demolition operation is exempted from the requirements of this paragraph: . -> control device.7 (ml "Renovation" means the remov ing or stripping of friable asbestos ma terials used on any pipe, duct, boiler, tank, reactor, turbine, furnace, or structural member. Operations in which load-supporting structural members are wrecked or taken out are excluded. 7 49 (n) "Planned renovation" means a 5 61.22 F.inisKMin inmlanl. (a) Asbestos mills: There shall be no visible emissions tiplhe outside air from any asbestos miU^except ns provided In paragraph <f) of this section.2 (b) Roadways: The surfacing of road ways with asbestos tailings or with as bestos-containing waste that is gener ated by any source subject to paragraphs Prot'ided, (A) The amount of friable asbestos materials In the building or r . portion thereof to be demolished is less Ilian 80 meters (ca. 260 teet) used on pipes, and less than IS square meters (ca. 160 square feet) used on any duct, boiler, tank, reactor, turbine, furnace, or structural member, and (B). the notification requirements of para graph (dxixii) are met.2-7-49 (11) JJjJriejuyjmjgayjn shall be renovation operation, or a number of- (c>, <d>, (e) or (h) of this section is postmarked or delivered to the Admin such operations, in which the amount cl friable asbestos material that will he prohibited, except for temporary road ways on an area of asbestos ore deposits. istrator at leastLSJLfiWfiJtfUUj? cotD* mencemenl of demolition and shall in- 0 l removed or stripped within a given pe The deposition of asbestos tailings or as dude the information required by riod of time can be predicted. Operations bestos-containing waste on roadways paragraph (dX2> of this section, with 11 I -6 760246 the exception of the Information re necessitated the renovation. terials that have been removed or - quired by paragraphs (dX2) (111). <vl), (<) The following procedures shall be stripped more than . 50 feet above (rll). (Till), and (lx) of this section, and used to prevent emissions of particulate ground level, except these materials re- hall state the measured or estimated asbestos material to outside air: moved as units or In sections, shall be amount of friable asbestos materials -A'(!> Friable, asbestos materials, used transported to the ground via dust-tight '{' which Is present. Techniques of esti on S5V mile. UUU. LHJTTC1. Hitt.. reactor, chutes or containers. - mation shall be explalnt l. V.49 turbine. furnace, or structural (vl) Except as specified below, the wet <2). Written de member, shall be removed from any molish or renovate sfl&iL. building. lUUUlUfl. !UWty or installa Administrate; fry the owner or opera- tion subject to this paragraph. Such _ r of the demolition or renovation oper- . removal shall occur before wrecking or atlon. Such, notice shall bejostmarked dismantling of an? borllon of such ordellveredlo the7Vdihlnlstmtor nVIcnst TJBHHTTTST'SH'ucture. facility, or Installa .JO days pnor nrebmihcncemCltt'QCfintolltionL-Or as early as possible prior to tion that would break up the friable asbestos materials and before wreck "commencement of emergency demolition subject to paragraph (d) (6) of this sec tion. and as early as possible prior to commencement of renovation. Such no tice shall Include the following informa ing or dismantling of any other por tion of such building, structure, facili ty. or Installation, that would preclude access to such materials for subse quent removal. Removal of triable as tion: <n nf mmw nr operator*. bestos materials used on any pipe, duct, or structural member which are ting requirements of -his paragraph are suspended when the temperature at the point of wetting Is below 0*C (32*F). When friable asbestos materials are not wetted due to freezing temperatures, such materials on pipes, ducts, boilers, tanks, reactors, turbines, furnaces, or structural members shall, to the maximum extent possible, be removed as units or In sec tions prior to wrecking. In no case shall the requirements of paragraphs (d)(4) (lv) or (d) (4) (v) be suspended due to freezing temperatures. (vlt) For renovation operations, local jexhaust ventilation and collection sys- (ID owner or operator. fill) TWrtnMnn structure, facility, or Installation to be demolished or renovated. Including the size, and prior use of the atructure. and the approximate amount of Mahle nxhestTM materials __ jjresggt^9 (lv) Address or locution of the hnlld- encased In concrete or other similar structural material Is not required prior to demolition, but such materials shall be adequately wetted whenever exposed during demolition.47 ----- (II) Friable asbestos materials used on pipCS. duels, oouers. tanks, reac tors. turbines, furnaces, or structural members shall be adequately wetted during strT5TOffrTT3?Piarpro\Ti3eain terns may be used. Instead of wetting as specified in paragraph <d) (4) (11), to pre- vent emissions of particulate asbestos ~ material to outside air when damage to ^... equipment resulting from the wett.ng would be unavoidable. Upon request and * -.? supply of adequate Information, the Ad- minlstrator will determine whether dam- jittu:. age to equipment resulting from wetting tlsfer to comply with the provisions of this par- Jagstrncture. facility, or Installation. pafifgrapRsrBxsxiv). <dX4Xtl). or agraph -would be unavoidable. Such local ' (v) Scheduled starting and comple (dXvll) of this section.49 exhaust ventilation systems shall be de- h'fn* tion (Jgjc^jj^gjjjgJitJfljM^enovatlon. (III) Pipes, ducts, boilers, tanks, reae- signed and operated to capture the asbes- j&i'r (y|> Na^g of Planned demolUlpn or _ tors, turbines, furnaces, or structural tos particulate matter produced by renovation and method(s) to be "members that are covered or coated stripping and removal of friable asbestos -S'".,, gjgjed. "'with friable asbestos materials may be material. There shall be no visible emts-Vsj-r?' ivil) Procedure* to he pmnlovpd to taken out of any building, structure, slons to the outside air from such local - ' meet the requirements of this paratrrapn `"facility, or Installation subject to this exhaust ventilation and collection sys and paragrapn (J) of this section. paragraph as units or in sections pro tems. except as provided in paragraph (viii) The name, and nrMr* nr loea- vided the friable asbestos materials ex (f) of this section. V posed during cutting or disjoining are (5) Sources subject to this paragraph friable asbestos waste will be aepos1ted adequately wetted during the cutting are exempt from the requirements of (lx) Name, title, and authority of the or disjoining operation. Such units li 61.05(a). 61.07,and 61.09. State or local governmental representa shall not be dropped or thrown to the (6) The demolition of a building, struc tive who has ordered a demolition which ground, but shall be carefully lowered ture. facility, or Installation, pursuant to Is subject to paragraph (d) (6) of this to ground level.49 an order of an authorized representative section. (lv) The stripping of friable asbestos of a State or local governmental agency. (2) (1) For purposes of determining materials used on any pipe, duct, Issued because that building is structur whether a planned renovating operation boiler, tank, reactor, turbine, furnace, ally unsound and In danger of Imminent constitutes a renovation within the or structural member that has been collapse is exempt from all but the fol meaning of this paragraph, the amount removed as a unit or in sections as pro lowing requirements of paragraph (d) of of friable asbestos material to be re vided In paragraph (dX4)(iii) of this this section: moved or stripped shall be: section shall be performed in accord (1) The notification requirements spec (A) For planned renovating opera ance with paragraph (d)(4Xii) of tills ified by paragraph <d) (2) of this section: tions Involving Individually non-sched- section. Rather than comply with the <il) The requirements on stripping of uled operations, the additive amount of wetting requirement, a local exhaust friable asbestos materials from previously friable asbestos material that can be pre ventilation and collection system may removed units or sections as specified In ....... dicted will be removed or stripped at a be used to prevent emissions to the *' paragraph (d)(4) (lv) of this section: source over the maximum period of time outside air. Such local exhaust ventila (ill) The wetting, as specified by para- ' J' for which a prediction can be made. The tion systems shall be designed and op graph (d)(4)(v> of this section, of frf- period shall be not less than 30 days and erated to capture the asbestos particu removed or stripped: " r -- ' ~ v" not longer than one year. late matter produced by the stripping liv) The portion of the structure being (B> For each planned renovating op of friable asbesLos<0nalerials. There demolished that contains friable asbes eration not covered by paragraph (d) (3) shall be no visiblyemissions to the tos materials shall be adequately wetted (IMA), the total amount of friable as outside air from such local exhaust during the wru-king operation.9 bestos material that can be predicted ventilation and collection systems it)/Spraving. There shall be no visi will be removed or stripped at a source. except as provided In paragraph (f) of ble emissions to the outside air from (11) For purposes of determining this section.4' the spray-on application of materials whether an emergency renovating op . (v) All friable asbestos materials that containing more than 1 percent asbes J eration constitutes a renovation within-- have been removed or stripped shall be the meaning of this paragraph, the adequately wetted to ensure that such amount of friable asbestos material to materials remain wet during all remain be removed or stripped shall be the total ing stages of demolition or renovation amount of friable asbestos material that will be removed or stripped os a result and related handlin': operations. Such materials shall not be dropped or thrown of the sudden, unexpected event that 15`tnc ground" or a low *r floor. Such ma tos. on a dry weight basis, used on equipment and machinery, except ns provided In paragraph (f) of this sec tion. Materials sprayed on buildings, structures, structural members, pipes, and conduits shall contain less than 1 percent asbestos on a dry weight basis49 /2ffc4r<f JJ H P Oz-HuC f />4. t.-s - "f^s - ^>-. 76024 - (1) Sources subject to this paragraph lowing standards: - --- - The owner or operator of any source are exempt from the requirements of (1) There ahall be no visible emissions covered under the provisions of para . |8l.0S<i>. 161.07. and 161.00. , to the outside air, except as provided In graph (a)- of this seetlon shall meet the ' (J) Any owner or operator who In- tendj to spray asbestos materials which contain more than l percent as- bestos on a dry weight basts on equip* ment and machinery shall report such Intention to the Administrator at least 30 days prior to the commencement of the spraying operation. Such report shall Include the following Informa tion: 749 (I) Name of owner or operator. (II) Address of owner or operator. (III) Location of spraying operation. (Iv) Procedures to be followed to meet the requirements of this paragraph. (3) The spray-on application of ma terials In which the asbestos fibers are encapsulated with a bituminous or re sinous binder during spraying and which are not friable after drying is exempted from the requirements of paragraphs (e) and (e)(2) of this sec tion. 49. - (f) Rather than meet the no-vlslbleemlsslon requirements as specified by paragraphs (a), (c). (d), (e). (h). (J). and (k) of this section, an owner or op erator may elect to use the methods spec paragraph (j)(3) of this section, dur ing the collection; processing, including Incineration; packaging; transporting; or deposition of any asbestos-containing waste material which Is generated by such source. (2) All asbestos-containing waste ma terial shall be deposited at waste dis posal sites which are operated in accord ance with the provisions of I 61.25. (3) Rather than meet the requirement of paragraph (J) (1) of this section, an owner or operator may elect to use either of the disposal methods specified under (j)(3)(l) and (ii) of this section, or an alternative disposal method which has received prior approval by the Ad ministrator ^'(1) Treatment of asbestos-containing waste material with water: (A) Control device asbestos waste shall be thoroughly mixed with water Into a - slurry and other as^ttlfiSsCaBtA^BlBS waste matertaL-sbalL-baMAdkaualall Teffe8T**lnere snail be no visible .emis sions lb the outside alr-from-thg-collec__________ WHIM nnemtuma. ex following standard: -- (1) There; shall be no visible emis sions to the'outside air, except as pro vided in paragraph (k) (3) of this section, during the collection, processing, pack aging, transporting or deposition of any asbestos-containing waste mate rial which is generated by such source. (2) All asbcstos-contatntng waste ma terial shall be deposited at waste disposal sites which are operated in ac cordance with the provisions of I 61.25. (3) Rather than meet the requirement of paragraph (k)(l) of this section, an owner or operator may elect to meet the following requirements in para graphs (k)<3) (1) and (ID, or use an alternative disposal method which has received prior approval by the Admin istrator: ..----_y- - . -- - ) (1) There shall be no visible emissions to the outside air from the transfer of control device asbestos waste to the .tailings conveyor, except os provided In paragraph (f) of this section. Such waste shall be subsequently processed either as specified in paragraph <k) (3) (11) of - jz m: ified by f 61.23 to clean emissions con cept as provided In paragraph (1) of this this section or as specified In paragraph taining particulate asbestos material toe- section, j*. f .(j)(3) of this srrttnn. " fore such emissions escape to. or are ented to. the outside air. <B) After wetting, all asbestos-con (U) All asbestos-containing ^ waste taining material shall be adequately mixed, with (g) Where the presence of uncomblned water Is the sole reason for failure to meet the no-rlsiblc-emlsslon require ment of paragraphs (a), (c), (d), (e), (h). (j). or (k) of this section, such fall' ure shall not be a violation of such emlsslonrequlrcuicms. 7.7 (tn? Fabricating: There shall be no visible emissions to the outside air. ex cept as provided in paragraph <f> of this section, from any of the following op erations If they use commercial asbestos or from any building or structure In . which such operations are conducted. (1) The fabrication of cement building products. (2) The fabrication of friction prod ucts. except those operations that pri marily Install asbestos friction materials on motor vehicles. (3) The fabrication of cement or sili cate board for ventilation hoods; ovens; electrlcsl panels; laboratory furniture; bulkheads, partitions and ceilings for marine construction; and flow control devices for tho molten metal Industry. np Insulating: Molded Insulating ma terials which are friable and wet-applied Insulating materials which are friable after drying, Installed after the effective date of these regulations, shall contain no commercial asbestos. The provisions of this paragraph do not apply to Insu lating materials which are spray npplled; such materials are regulated under I 6132(e). ftl) Waste disposal for manufacturing, fabricating, demolition, renovation and spraying operations: The owner or op erator of any source covered under the provisions of paragraphs (c), <d). (e), or (h> of this section shall meet the fol Into leak-tight, containers while wet, and suen containers shall be jisjjajlisjlat waste dlsposal^ltes whkh-are_Qacrarc3* Tf^WWW^ncewltn the orovlsiom fir 181.55. " (C) The containers specified under paragraph TTffWTTTTS) of this section shall be labeled with a warning label mini um,. Caution Contains Asbestos Avoid Opening or Breaking Contslner Breathing Asbestos Is Hazardous . to Your Health Alternatively, warning labels specified by Occupational Safety and Health Standards of the Department of Labor, Occupational Safety end Health Admin istration (OSHA) under 20 CFR 1910.- 03a(g> (2) (11) may be used. / (11) Processing of asbestos-containing taste material Into non-frlable forms: (A) All asbestos-containing waste material shall be formed Into non-frlable pellets or other shapes and deposited at waste disposal sites which are operated In accordance with the provisions of 161.25. f (B) There shall bo no visible emis sions to tho outsidewr from the collec tion and processing of asbestos- containing waste material, except as specified in paragraph (f) of this section. (4) For the purposes of this para graph (J), the term all asbcstos-con- _talnlng waste material as applied to '"demolition and renovation operations covered by paragraph (d) of this sec tion Includes only frlcblo asbestos waste and rontrol dcvlcr uslesto:. waste. Waste disposal lor asbestos mills: `a wetting agent recommended -by the. manufacturer of the agent to effectively' jvet dust and tellings, prior to deposition! at a waste disposal site. Such agent shall, be used as recommended for the partic ular dust by the manufacturer of the agent. There shall be no discharge of visible emissions to the outside air from -- >?< the wetting operation except as specified in paragraph (f) of this section. Wetting ~ may be suspended when the ambient temperature at the waste disposal site Is less than -9.5'C (ea. 15*F). The ambient ' air temperature shall be determined by an appropriate measurement method with an accuracy of I*C (*2*F) and recorded at least at hourly Intervals dur ing the period that the operation of the wetting system Is suspended. Records ol such temperature measurements shall be retained at the source for a minimum of two years and made available for Inspec tion' by the Administrator. (0)/Thc owner of any Inactive waste disposal site, which waJ^oJierSled by .* sources covered under I 6133 (a), (c) or ` (h) and whero asbestos-containing waste ..-vyi. material produced by such sources was deposited, ahall meet the following standards: r...... -r~- (1) Thero shall be no visible emissions to the outsldo air from an Inactive waste ------ disposal sito subject to this paragraph, except as provided In paragraph (1) (5) of this section. (2) Warning signs shall be displayed at all entrances, and along the property line of the site or along the perimeter of the sections of the site where asbestos- containing waste material was deposited. at Intervals of 100 m (ca. 330 ft) or less. V. except ns specified in paragraph (1) (4 > in-8 760248 of this section. SIpns shall be posted In 61.23 Alr-rJrnning. (3) The emission control methods such a innnner and locailon that a person If ntr-clcnnlng is elected, ns permit may easily read the legend. The warning ted by SJG1.22(f: and 51.22(d) (4X17), signs required by this paragraph shall - the requirements of this section must be conform to the requirements of 20" x 14" met7 - upright format signs specified In 29 CFR 1610.145(d) (4) and this paragraph. The signs shall display the following legend In the lower panel, with letter sizes and styles of a visibility at least equal to those (a) Fabric filter collection devices must be used, except as noted In para graphs (b) and (c) of this section. Such devices must be operated at a pressure drop of no more than 4 Inches water gage, specified In this paragraph. ss measured across the filter fabric. The ixacNS airflow permeability, as determined by Asbestos Waste DisrosAL Site Do Hot Create Dust ASTM method D737-69, must not exceed 30 ft'/ntln/ft' for woven fabrics or 35 ft'/mln/ft* for felted fabrics, except that Breathing Asbestos is Hazardous 40 ftVmln/ft* for woven and 45 ft*/ used In all stages of waste disposal. ^ (4) The type or disposal site or lndn- T eration site used for ultimate disposal. -the name of the site operator, and the ' name and location of the dlsposnl site.7 <d) For sources suoject to I 61.22(1): (1) A brief description of the site. (2) The method or methods used to comply with the standard, or alternative procedures to be used.7 (e) Such lr.lormatlon shall accom pany the Information required by J 61.10. The information described In this section shall be reported using the format of Appendix A of this part. to Your Health notation 1" Sane 8erlf, Oothlc or Block min/ft* for felted fabrics Is allowed for filtering air from asbestos ore dryers Each square yard of felted fabric must weigh at least 14 ounces and be at least (Sec. 114 of the Clean Ait Act as amended (42 U.S.C. 74 M))404' 44" Sans Serif, Gothic or Block one-slxtcenth Inch thick throughout. ,61.25 Waste disposal sites. 14 Point Oothlc Spacing between lines shall be at least equal to the height of the upper of the two lines. - (3) The perimeter of the site shall be fenced In a manner adequate to deter access by the general public, except as specified In paragraph (1X4) of this section. (4) Warning signs and fencing are not required where the requirements of paragraphs (1X5) (1) or (11) of this sec* tlon are met. or where a natural barrier adequately deters access by the general Synthetic fabrics must not contain fill yam other than that which Is spun. ----- (b) If the use of fabric filters creates a fire or explosion hazard, the adminis trator may authorize the use of wet col lectors designed to operate with a unit contacting energy of at least 40 Inches water gage pressure. ,, (c) The administrator may authorize the use of filtering equipment other than that described In paragraph^ (a) and (b> of this section If the owner or operator demonstrates to the satisfaction of the administrator that the filtering of par In order to be an acceptable site for disposal of asbestos-containing waste material under 161.22 (J) and (k), an active waste disposal site shall meet the requirements of this section. --* (a) There shall be noylslble emissions to the outside air from any active waste disposal site where asbestos-containing waste material has been deposited, except as provided In paragraph le) at this 'section. (b) Wai-rUn- Q{.rj shall be displayed at all entrances, and along the property ... -x h, ' .34 ticulate asbestos material Is equivalent line of the site or along the pertmtUr'ef - public. Upon request and supply of ap to that of the described equipment. .:-.u the sections of the site where asbestos-.;- propriate information, the Adminis (d) All air-cleaning equipment au containing waste material Is deposited, . trator will determine whether a fence or thorized by this section must be properly at Intervals ol 100 m (ca. 330 ft) or less a natural barrier adeauatcly deters ac Installed, used, operated, and maintained. cess to the general public. Bypass devices may be used only during (5) Rather than meet the requirement upset or emergency conditions and then of paragraph (1X1) of this section, an only for so long as It takes to shut down except as specified In paragraph (d) of this section. Signs shall be posted In such a manner and location that a person may easily read the legend. The warning owner may elect to pieet the require the operation generating the particulate signs required by this paragraph shall ments of this paragraph or may-use an asbestos material. conform to the requirements of 20" x 14" alternative control method for emissions upright format signs specified In 29 CFR from Inactive waste disposal sites which 1910.145(dX4> and this paragraph. The has received prior approval by the 61.24 Reporting. elgns shall display the following legend Administrator. Tho owner or operator of any existing In the lower panel, with letter sizes and (1) The asbestos-containing ..waste source to which this subpart is applicable styles of a visibility at least equal to material shall be covered with.at least shall, within 80 days after the effective those specified In this paragraph. 15 centimeters <ca.VG inches) .of .com pacted non-asbestos-contalning mate rial, and a cover.of .vegetation shall be 'jrrowfi' and maintained on the area ode- ^quato to prevent exposure of the asbes tos-containing wasto material; or v date, provide the following Information to tho administrator: (a) A description of the emission con trol equipment used for each process; <b) If a fabric filter device is used to control emissions, tho pressure drop Aascstoe Waste Disposal Sirs Do Not Crests Dust Brssthiog Asbestos Is Basardous to Your Hssltli material fihfill bo covorp^wKnat lormt 60 CenUn,MrrA-7rT,?7eet) of comnai^W ^^^as6esi!os^oninmmg|^maTT^^^amnir rnatniayyj _ stent exipasufe o7 tiur 75T For inacti"veo waste dlsposnl r.Itcs across the fabric filter In Inches water gage. - --------- '-- (1) If the fabric filter device utilizes a woven fabric, tho airflow permeability In ft'/min/ft1; and. If tho fabric Is synthrtlc. Indicate whether tho fill yarn Is spun or not spifti. for asbestos tnlllngs. a resinous or petroleum-bnsed dust suppression neent which (2) If tho fiOTlc flltei dovlcc utilizes a felted fabric, the density In oz/yd`, the effectively binds dust and controls wind minimum thickness In Inches, and the erosion shall bo applied. Such agent shall airflow permeability In ftVmln/ft*. bo used as recommended for the partic (c) For sources subject to f{ 61.22(j) ular asbestos tailings by the dust sup and G1.22(k); .' J .'.Vj** ----jj. , - Hotstlon - .y'; --v, , h, t-.`- 1** Bias Serif. Oothlc or Block 44" flsas Serif. Oothlc or Block ___ ... 14 Point Oothlo................ ; ,, Spacing between lines shall be at least equal to the height of the upper of the two lines. . - , ......... ......-- (c) The perimeter.of.the.disposal site shall be fenced In order, to.adequately "deter access to the genera] public except as specified in paragraph (d) of this section. pression agent manufacturer. Qlher (1) A brief description of each process (d) Wsrnlncjtois and_fenclng _>re_ equally effective dust suppression agents mny be used upon prior approval by tho Administrator. For purposes of this para graph. waste crankcaso oil Is not con sidered a dust suppression agent.7 that generates asbestos-containing wastematerial. (2) The average weight of asbestoscontnlnlng waste material disposed of, measured In kg/day. not required wnere.uie. requirements of Tparagrlpn (e> (1) of (tnhi9s sleeccutieon- to met. or'where~~a"natural barrier -ad*-e-_ ouetPlv~?ff/TA p~>- Jo the general-, "public. Upon request and itipplyof appropriate Information, the Admlnlstra- 111 - 9 1 (e^nAjhgr than meet the require(a) of this section, an owner or operator may elect to meet the requirement! of paragraph (e) (1) or (e) (2) of this section, or may use an al ternative control method for emissions from active waste disposal sites which has received prior approval by the Administrator. < lVAtth^ndo^acJ^Dgjjjyjj^Uy, or art?SstonH^Wry24-hou^>er!od while the site Is In continuous operation. whlcmKaoeposlte^atluesTieaanfig the operating day or previous 24-hour period with at least is penttmrter^caToTBSnesJ.of compacted non-asbestos-eontalnlng material. * . (2)_At the end of each operating day. or at*' least once' every 24-hour period while the disposal site is In continuous operation, the asbestos-containing waste material which was deposited at the site during the operating day or previous 24hour period shall be covered with a res inous or petroleum-based dust suppreslonagent which eHectlrgly binds dust 'and"controls' wind erosion. Such agent shall be used as recommended for the particular dust by the dust suppression agent manufacturer. Other equally ef fective dust suppression agents may be used upon prior approval by the Admin istrator. For purposes of this paragraph, waste crankcase oil Is pot considered bust suppression agent.-' --% 760249- * 6 \ 5. fri--. -s*. Jf?;-* 5//X-- . "* -f-*f h III-10 38 FR 8826, 4/6/73 (1) as amended _ 39 FR 15398. 5/3/74 (2) 40 FR 48299. 10/14/76 (7) 42 FR 12127. 3/2/77 (36) 42 FR 41424, 8/17/77 (40) 43 FR 8800, 3/3/78 (47) 43 FR 26372. 6/19/78 (49) 768255 January 22, 1982 TO: J. W. Wolter Re: MSHA/OSHA Jurisdictional Dispute The interim funding bill for MSHA which transferred jurisdictional authority for sand, gravel and stone mining to OSHA was vetoed by President Reagan. Therefore, the transfer has not taken place. In the Vvent~a similar bill is passed, we will of course investigate whether or not it was within Congress's intent to include vermiculite in the transferred mining activities. m& A'Vt 1 ; MBC:si .: ui. . CCMSYjlUCTION PRODUCTS DIVISION ..- ; REQUEST FOR TECHNICAL SERVICE ' PAGE 1 760^58 NUMBER: - 67932 GROUP: ZDia^&XZ Orefa^iA DATE: September 4, 1981 CHARGE NO.: lo7f REQUESTOR: Paul Connor MARKETING or MANUFACTURING APPRC NAME: Hami^ton APPROVED: PROBLEM TITLE: Environmental Evaluation - Air - Fibrous Materials. r 't. SIGNIFICANCE: Tlie evaluation of workplace air on a periodic basis is necessary to comply with the air sampling section of the OSHA Asbestos Standard. \ . . V -- - ' at _ . .-t-j,-*. <-**' c SPECIFIC OBJECTIVEt Determine fiber counts for filter media. ~ `T^ _-.>3*-- V-f. :____ . .. ... ^.'W.2 - SUGGESTED APPROACH: Phase contrast microscopy. i.*-T ' "C*. **. DEADLINE (Last-day information will be of value): 2 weeks. DETAILS OF PROBLEM: Please evaluate engineering samples from Enoree, SC EM-1, EM-2, EM-3, EM-4 f ACCEPTED BY RESEARCH DEPT.: ^SIGNED TO: fo . Q ^ -----<y ' ? MhDATE: DDITIOXAL COPIES: Original to Library; H. C. Duecker, F. W. Eaton, T. E. Hamilton, ~ M_ _ J, W, Wolter\E. s. Wood , p, Connor ' :0^ST FOft TECHNICAL SERVICE -- ` " :- *..# NUMBER: 57932 GROUP: ZONOLITE Ore Resec ACTUAL COST: S305.nrT REPORTING DATE: Q 7.60257. SUMMARY: Four engineering samples were received from Enoree, South Carolina, and evaluated for their fiber content. RESULTS: , - The results are as shown on the attached Air Sampling ^Record Sheet. '' . . ; .t'. .`-1.i--*i r. ; - --*s&e+*t',*;' -- BJO-.mlr attachment . : .* ;c .sX.vfsws&a* 'Barbara J. 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