Document Bb7wzpXK1rqzRzR5g62vMzeL

or-^aok-.Outaw- mW>fie.--v'.:-. ./* '*xL.\r - e..s.c ~-^G: 't. .- ;"?&* Tor aontha the foundation ;vflni?reeaed productlon.incxaasae'* health haz^xda -- demands greater pn^frjfelfms.*^Xn'-thla connection cones:e rej from a Tnoltffi company headed *A jSAffi-qPf*OT,>,nAjy PBACTlCgS,> which dlscLoaea increase tiae^eidB^<^jobru||Qr^Dar'yehzuDar;1940.jRitli:.oaly-~ creasein h than Industrie marm&**mmi3*r> the foundation dftmjPtyee. health - through Indurc Infest anLotber - 'services. A a Sit I* aore'accurate ;to say, * * a --iS * V '-5^ '/ Dr. Saeual R. cently elected. Prealdent _ _ -ST - on^the foundation? a staff&*uuf reatlon of Pathologists and Bactarlbl- ogista. Dr.' Hsythoxn, who As General Hospital, Pittsburgh," Association of Medical Muss' finger M^riar.lAbereiory^^lleghfenyj L..X.'^ International - .--<*-- Latest Hazel-Atlas tlonjaze^Mardc-A Ccmpaay\and Control " U.S. Senator Alanaler Wiley e governmentalcontrol-voluntarily individual and the group,' or-oven hatter, __ plise which la so jffectlmrthnt It wl ini natee^the As far*as I Ionov,v&be greatost the organized effort. of. comparatively than by arbitraxyfgBTerunaaV'control safety hare resulted frtm, Intelligent mcnt control., T.* 2*, . - y.adHdrr-e-s*s;'V**I~**prfar bema^mth-the ' or group^dlsciifeontrol....bsvotrosulted free goreznaent rather greatest-advances la "arbitrary-gov a: * . - r j*. Tha above applied mth equal' foroe3alndustrlal`hyglaae.This Toundatloa represents voluntary, organized action by^reireagntatl^ladustrlal concerns for, the conservation of etployoo health! I^wt- aconoelc problems. Instead of 250 caapaaieg&Mra.'ought to*be~2.5QO;_cmponiea, parti cipating in Air Hygiene foundation* - ^ " . 4: ' Annual Index Iaaued for MonthlTDlsatt'T^g^'- rf. r Inclosed with thie issue of the/aoattly'DigeeVoffZaduatrial HygleQe le annual index for 1940. The Index le istaadad*t 'aselet.'TBuadat^oa in lecat- ing specific data. Additional oopies are'avallahleL.lf. * ' PLAINTIFFS April, 141. Air Hygiene foundation, 4400 firth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Ps 231 sussed st ths Symposium on Tub Bis in Industry iratory from Jum 9 to ` following: Coua Infsc and Modss of 5>--- Dr. La: itiTs Mortal la Various Industries. Dr. Louis Disabling Morbidity -- Dr. I. M. Qafi Prsdlsposlng factors, J^nifleant. -- Various s Incidsncs and Causa eraulosls^cjarioua Industries. -- Varlo Methods of ^ iw/,. Sawyer, L. D. |^stol^Cwd\W. Slegal. A Labor? point of Tuberculosis txt^dustxz^/ Matthew WoU. f State-Wide Safety Conference t*s First State-Wide Safety Cdtxs$bAeo w^^be held in Beltlmoro, rland, on May 19 end 20, 1941, under the suppress Department of Safety of the State Industrial Accident Commission. An natlrer^opnlag of this confer ence will be devoted to the study of ths MarylandSj^ipatlonal Disease Law, the State sad city health departments' responslbilltlef^iadar this law, snd methods for the prevention and control of occupational dlsea^M^ Local Develoasents 233 Utah Occupational Disease Disability Law. Utah has anacted an occupational disease disability lav to became effective July 1, 1941. Twenty-seven diseases ere enumerated as occupational diseases snd diseases not listed are not to be domed compensable. In all cases where Injury results by reason of an accident arising out of or in the course of em ployment and compensation is payable under the Workmen's Compensation Act, no compensation shall be peyable under the new Act. The lift of compensable diseases follows: Digest of Industrial hygiene - 2 .1. Anthrax 2 danders 3. Poisoning by acetaldehyde or its compounds 4. Poisoning by acetanilide or Its compounds .5. Poisoning by cyanogen and its compounds 6 Poisoning by chlorine and its compounds .7. Poisoning by arsenic or its compo 8 Pojfeoning by antimony or its .9. i|ning 10 PoY .u. Poising 12 Poisoding $y 13. PoisoniSjYfr 14. Poisoning^by 15. Poison! 18. Pols 17. 18. .19. 20 loaning .. nitro, nltroso 21 Methanol 22 Splthelismatous ,hydrocarboi Etlvea^Sm%)gftng toluol, xylol, ^aj^hese substances. the skin or of the corneal surfacei of the eye. due t mineral oil or paraffin, or any compound, product aa substancea Gastrointestinal ^with petroletm products and their fwea Dezmetltls excluding aay^dorma^is of which the primary cause is lnfec itic in oaturftf, ^ onosynoTitls, or burs^i&s, o: ulitis, of the wrist, or hand, due to contlnua^irtwaa' friction or to repeated r ribration of tools tion of the sttn or destruction of^^^eue diie^HJ the prolonged sure to roentgen rays or radirn ant&*sh --<- (CCS) Total Disability Caused by Lead Poisoning. "ComnettiM Ion* for QaeMytinwi Disease Includes Medical manse. J *- Claimant coatraeted lead poisoning and was totally dii The referee and the board made an award of $143 for loss of earnings bv ed a claim for medical expenses of $90. On appeal both claims were alii compensation. The Ccemonwealth appealed, raising the question whether tl "compensation11 includes the supplying of medical and hospital services. word "compen sation" is used both in its limited sense -- contemplating the loss of wages only, and in the more comprehensive sense -- including medical and hospital expenses. The provision requiring the aployer to furnish medical service is in the Interest of the aployee and when the aployar's liability is established supplying madlesl service is as much compensation as payments for loss of earn ings. Whatever relieves one from necessary expense is the equivalent of a dir ect payment to him* Judgaant affirmed. w. m*. mi. Superior Ct., last. Diet. Decided Vebruary 28. 1941. (CGH) Digest of Industrial Sygisne - 4. 237 Death ft*em Monoxide Poisoning. Necessity for Determining Proportion which Qccu- parmnwi Disease Bore to all Causes of Death. This is an appeal from an award of dependency compensation granted plaintiff under a finding by the ccnnlssion that a contributing factor in causing the death of her husband was an occupational disease arising out of and in the course of his msploymant by defendant field Pontiac -- Cadillac Company. Defendants claim there was no competent evidence in support of the findings and, in any event, the findings requlk&Tthe commission to also determine the propoz&pn which the said occupat^o^l gfcfhease, as a causative factor, bore to. all ths^tauses of death and heaca p^portion the compensation accordingly. Tho 'Su'ttng ot^Z&k commisntfMvthatmonoxide poisoning contributed death f^pTM^ne^padeM^^yprad by cardiac failure, brought the nec datura!nifrgKtho prapg|ytpkjBach the occupational disease, as a actor, bore to al&$e>cautSwaftueath and to proportion the compensatian'w^rovided in section act. This was not done and the^tfcseajs^rsmanded to the coanLisslo^SuofMr(^dqmply with the mentioned provlsragAer the occupa tional dledtnyinwC]y Tu^djmrd as made is vacated iu^.thr~pJoceedings remand ed to>A avaissSeB to mame^$rqper award, tail v^^JfflgPontlac - Cadillac Co. March 11, 238 New Montana Ledalatlo The "injury" for which enaction, by Section 2911, Re-j vised Codes of Montane Shni s qualified in Section 2870, as follows: "Injury* or inj\ to an injury resulting from some 1 fortuitous event, as distil 1937, Chop. 82, Part contraction of disease." Laws of Chap. S, approved February 11, 1941, effective July monthly benefit payments to par sons having silico total ity to do annuel labor. A con- dlticn to the such payment notvMdfiving compensation under the Workmen'a G Act or old rtanewwi the amount of $30 per month. (CCS). 339 . iurosis. Injury Suffered Wlthii^J forkmen's Compensation Shock or Frlaht Results in DlsabU appeal is from a decision of the Industrljd.IJb--t Virginia awarding appallae, Inez Bagood, compensation for diaanllltieipMOteged to have been due to an accidant in the course of her smploymaafo^On ttrea 23, 1939, Mrs. Hagood, was working st s machine, approximately 13^pe* away from an alactric motor which was being repaired. A loose wire in tha jtor caused a 3hort cir cuit, which produced am alactric flash and a sound rasitni ng that of a shotgun. Mrs. Bsgood saw the flash and had started to fall backward^, whan she was rescued by a covployae. She said that she felt as if something BfCfcua up her aim. While at work cm April 13, 1939, she looked up and suddeniy^m the employee who had caught her when she fall an March 23rd. She thereupon fixated and fall, and has not returned to work since. An award was rendered the employee at tha rate of $6 per week, beginning April 13, 1939, to continue during disability and until subsequent conditions should justify a modification, together with allowances for medical and hospital attention. The appellant contends that the evidence doeq not support a finding that the appellee was suffarlng from trauma tic neurosis. Three medical doctors tastlfiad. The doctors, in affect, stated that tra\aatlc neurosis was tracaabla to the shook or disturbing effect on the nerves of tha patient, and that in turn, tha irritation of tha narvea caused functional disorders, and, that whsthar the disability resulted from nervous roaotlon or from auto-suggestion set in motion by memory of tho accident, tho result was tho same to the injured person. Tha majority of tha reported Digest of Industrial Hygiene - 5 easaa taka the riw that there is an accidental or personal injury within the worisen's compensation acts where an amployee, in the course of his enploymant, receives a sudden 3hock or fright, involving no physical Impact, which results In his disability. The disability of Mrs. Eagood was occasioned by an Injury which may be fairly traced to a risk which arose out of and in the course of her employment. There was a direct causal relation between the electric flash end the irritated condition of her nervous system. The order of the Industrial Commission is affirmed. Burlington M^aft Corp. et al. v. Haaood. 7a. Supreme Ct. of j*pp. Decided February 24, 240 Partlh3r'Plaeblll.ty>&ecauae o 6sts. Constitutionality of Act. This is actio: train an employee seeks to recover alleged dll account of silicosis or other dust dLMal^feused by the ell' the employer. The msployer moved fq^roanerit on the pleai complaint on the grounds that ltryfafeSSyto stats a cause of acti< court was without Jurisdiction(pfntaS# subject of the actio: Lon teed on sections 66 and ortaaan' s Campen- satio which, according t, not only deny Ci in under th .Compensation so bar a recovery for action i where a de for partial disability due k6 silicons At diaisslng the complaint, end from that jud^ent y to this court; attacking thrf constitutionality of such or to 1938, the Workmen' a Ccmpensm- tlon Law made no provision of compensation for diability, par-* tlal or permanent, due to ollowlng year the Legislature amended subdivision 2 of seotlon -eighth category: "Any and all occupational diseases" ^ __ this cmandaent did not apply where "the last injurionnero^^pi'* * to September first, nineteen hundred tMrty-fMV^V^511icosls thua^bocam* ipensable disease and it alio became subjacm^oN^r bar of section 11 <onc actions at common law. In 1936 sHlcnw43M excluded parsgla$p28 vision 2 of section 3, and made tJ^QfcffileBt of a separata article t Compensation Law, article ch. 887). The concluding seejr is section 72, "Alternative remedy," which in 1 dentical with that cf bn 11 provides that "The liability of pyesrgTfpcribed by this arti- Ea shall be exclusive and in place of any ootthhears^tlalihi. tseevar, at :canon law or otherwise * * But in the course of amnesiac e 4-A, the Lagis- lature also provided that "Compensation shall not hfhggyeble for partial dis ability due to slllcoals or other dust disease" (Sef^M). This is tha point at which plaintiff la aggrieved and which causae him to a^gae that If sections 66 and 72 taken together rule out both the payment of workmah^ compensation and the recovery of damages at cooBon law in cases of partli coala disability, article 4-A is to that extant unconstitutional. Plailiant-slPTm contteention on the merits may mot be eonsiderod at this time* and the appo^^nst be dlalssed because there are involved questions other then the constitutionality of the statute. In order for tha plaintiff to succeed the attack on either section 66 or section 72 must presuppose tha existence of the ether section. If plaintiff were sustained In his contention that the 1996 amendment is \aconsti*.u- tlonal in so far as it purports to dsprive him and othars similarly situated of tha right to 'Compensation theretofore created hy tha act of 1935, then it would follow that his rights are governed by the act of 1935 as rallevad of the invalid amendment which the Legislature sought to engraft upon the statute. In that event plaintiff possesses sot tha right to reeover damages at common law, but only the right to receive workman's compensation. An action to recover damages at canon law cannot conceivably lead to an award of compensation and, therefore, the question of tha plaintiff's right to compensation easnot possibly be Digest of Industrial Sygiene - 6 lltlgstsd in this action for dosages which he hes brought. la considering the second alternative the validity of section 66 is assumed. It is not intended to pass upon the merits. It is clear that the appeal in the case at bar oust be dismissed because there are presented questions other than the constitutionality of the statute whose validity is challenged by the appellant. The appeal should be diaiisaed, without costs. Powers v. Porcelain Insulator Corn. N.T. Ct. of App. Decided March 6, 1941. (CCS), 241 Pnauno nlosia. Death Frcm Innrope; atlon Wot Compensable* PI. as sole dependent of J ter, deceased, sought compensation the ional disease amendment the Wortaen's Compensation Law had worfcf&Ths a dry of the Kalamazoo Stove St furnace defendaa appl ers. Deceased had suffered from diffused illcosts and active proliferated tubof&flg?T5 with cavitation; cos e disease some sight years prior iofoOSiath. Beth the deputy c the board on appeal denied plai^nSn^mmpensatlon. The test: t that the room in whlchdfceamB* was working vas continualJMhhty^A^poboi is not compensablauM&rjshe act. Silicosis is onlr^Mmygpls u8aer_sec. it is caused Pneumoconiosis is tha>vdELj$ocslble dlswfife to plaintiff 4d$Urmp8ver. The causes enuaerated mnst^te causes which Grinding of metal is no Stic of^ghdM^Kullar to" claimant's trade. of molding.. Decedent's death,f in the present case arose per ventilation in the foundry in which he worked. While t provided for the maintenance of i sanitary conditions in fount not seen fit to predicate statutory liability thareon under onaA^Weese amendment. Plaintiff's dace- dent was not angnged in --hing, grinding or polishing of natal and, therefore, /Sktttetff aay^BOt rec tmdar the act. The award cf the commission is^g^n^gso, with edats^to d t- Sutter v. Kalamazoo Stove 4JfurMce _Cc!_.. Jll&urnprsae Ct. Declddd^Ap: ^1941. (CCHJ. 242 Coarpensable under Workmen* a^coagea Hon Act.. a Supr Judicial Court: PebtsfaBov^ Lunch Co. of Boston, 30 K.i. 2d 827; decided Janua^f^, 1 In actions for breach 'Implied warranty of fitness of food uni istta statute it Sared that the plaintiffs worked for the defe: in one of its latauronte. Zach plaintiff took two meals a da^, aecoptS^Bday, at the restaur* ant, the meals foiling part of the pay* Both plaintiffs became ill with trich inosis and testified that, during the 2 weeks prece&jgs,the onset of the disease they ate pork and other products of tha pig at the defendant' a restaurant and nowhere else. The defendant was insured under the workkM'a compensation act and the plaintiffs had made no reeervntlon of rninn lasfM*s under that act. The supreme court took the view that what happened to thfrjfta4stiffs consti tuted a "personal injury* within tha woriOMs' a compensation es%> "It differed from the inhalation of gens of disease, illustrated by Sklthft Case, Mass., 30 N..2d 536. It resembled more the cases of poisoning therein cited, and Oeterbrlnk's Case, 229 Mass. 407, US N.K. 657, where tha employee drank muriatic acid by mistake for water*" Also the court was of the opinion that such personal Injury arosa out of end in tha course of tha plaintiffs' employ- mast*. "Sines tha injury was compensable under the woztasn's compensation act, it will not support an action against the employer at lav, whether in tort or in contract, or whether or not based upon a statute. * * *" The action of the court below in ordering Judgment for the defendant was sustained.. Pub. Health Hep., 3, 300 (february 14, 1941). Digest af Industrial Hygiene - 7 243 tfo Exposure to Silica la Glass Plant. This claimant applied for an award from the Occupational Oiaaasa Fund, alleging that ho was forced to quit work on liay 31, 1940, aa the result of getting glass in his lungs while in the course of his employment. The claims ran ewer report ed that the claimant entered the service of the employer in January, 1937 and worked until Kay, 1940, when he was compelled to quit work. Ha waa a laborer in the plant, which baa a glaes processorUft the preparation of glass sheets for shijaent and sale, la did not do amr <6F(tha work of grinding or polishing and the etrwhace was to the offset that^Mmre'waa an. lnflniteaimal quantity of fre; silicl she airxOf the plant n^more dust than in the average plant. leal }f ret shows ,o claimant* a dianbillty was caused by and that Proof also failed to show that claisdSvNlL any injurii con dioxide either before or after tM5)atfei6f the Silicosis dlcal department alao disapproved thascliMr and the CooBission e denied. Ohio Ind. Comm. Monii^^$?27, (February 1941). tuse< antractlon of Sills La Sup v. Standard 3ej^ftin^Tlfg. Co., 16 A. 2d 334; icember 4, 11 In' ;tloa toJMevm damages the plaintiff that ho had coat lis^etmldJlJ?the maploy of the defendant. company aa a reault of ti fcter' the following provision of a! Pennsylvania atatute regul* hauet fona of sufficient for the purpose of 1j0C7^ in Industrial establishments: "Exiraufficient deviesa, shall be provided: >nou4^<f\mea and gases, and dust from aaery- wheels, grind-stones and, ed proof to the effect itlng dust." The plaintiff presentLthougk^therS^we axhauat fans in the grinding and send-tblasting room and that roam whore ly were nt suffierda^to carry off the dust in that farioua substairc%>pexnad&ft the atmosphere of the welding Ini employed, whi^h-^ocm iwMy^peratod from the grinding and sand- _ room by a 12-foot rooff^olleyr/^. Tha plaintiff prevailed in the and the defondont appealed^ principal contention before the being that the statute eddedv responsibility of ;he or to the right of the employee i, the plaintiff not recover until he had shown the ictlcabllity of nore Jlcient devices for the prevention of duot. vcWitk Llf<er_g\maat the appellate court said that it could not agree. That this leg^latlotfrsald the court, placed a definite responsibility upon tha employer datild not he aucesssfully cen- troverted, for it was well settled that a violation he statute, which result ed in injury to the employee, made the eqployer liable f&dn coanoa law action for damages. "Therm woe no burden upon plaintiff to eafqbah that more effi cient device# than those used by defendant for the prevent!^ of duet were avail able. All plaintiff was required to show was that the axhsuet^fans la use were not proper or sufficient compliance with the provisions of the* statute." Also the court was of the view that the defense of assumption of risk wms not per missible, as there was nothing in tbo enpioynast as a welder that presupposed any scientific knowledge "such as a knowledge of tha properties of silica dust and their injurious affect upon tha body." Respecting the word "sufficient" uaed in the Statute, the court stated that it wms a relative team depending upon the facts of eaeh ease. Another claim mods by tha defendant was that tha above-quoted statute had no bearing upon the controversy since it had bean repealed without a saving clause, but tha court found no merit In this conten tion, saying that the vested right under the provisions of ths statute which plaintiff hod immediately upon the injury oeeurrlng in 1938 could not be impair ed by the 1937 repealing statute. "It la well settled that the repeal of a Digest of Industrial Hygiene - a statute cannot deprive a plaintiff of his causa of action under it for damages for injury either to parson or property." The judgment of tha lower court in favor of the plaintiff was affirmed. Pub. Health Hep., 400-401, (Pabruary 28, 1941). Pajersjsn^ist^aasei^n^^aaeg^l^ustria^^giene 245 Medi'&ilJServlco in industry. Lancet, pp. 1-3, (January 4, 1941) InduatxletomediHfcih in its. of safeguarding tho health of workers^end^? minimi: "ined to routine teaks, but also presesS^pgi- loss for disoases occur. Tha author cites ^4EfeD4E^>f to successful research- ?or inaqanbfisthe similarity dermatitis and tha irritations^ wfettin in workers ezi of oranges, lesions and calory,(nrtugnt to light tha t< irritating qualltloa.^ras afetlon of matallic polaoi r physical state, wttrafflptorganlc or inorganic, ther labeladnorv^gosted. Tor instance, teQ^ff tho skln.JaM^iaea ataxia, insomnia, delu- sionr and mania, flaliJP and anemia of inorganic lead poisoning. Those facta^ rc=athers that are mentioned, show { that thara is constant Industrial modicine increases in li portanco as a special brand fe, it must be taught by specialists * with opportunities in induat: 246 A Critical Reflew of tthoda^foloyed in Wltwatersrand Cold iilnes. J.deV.Lombrechta. .Mln.-Soc.. SoiAfgkca 141. 210-40 (December. 1940) Tha author has msd&N^&tensive comparison konlmater and tha thermal precipitator arfiudgi^ln tha South AfriamJColif'dtihpa. His conclusions are summarizaj^s^fflslows: (1) the thermal?^ icipit<jfe* if usod in conjunction with tha^a^nlqua which only requires ords, froquontly givos Leading information as to tha a distribution of rock- Sides in tha air, end the consequents sk; (2) a revised (qua la recammondad by which tho solubl*^ a important particles removed, without losing otot 10 of pdMtfbjLes; (3) tho effl- clency of tho leoninetar can be greatly improved byfe^ siaiMr cchange in technique; (4) aggregates of dust particles ere broken up by tijptagamant on the konlmeter slide, but ore not broken in the thermal prcelpitatocj^tS) for most types of dust encountered in these mines, the konlmater has an effidafty almost equal to that of the thermal precipitator; (6) with tha darltflald tecimgne, tha efficiency of tha konlmetrle method falla off with lncroeeed duet coacentlCTfetion, very largely due to deficiency in tha microscope tochnlque; (7) genaraliy^mgjpelri ng, the kooi- metor with the' recomiMnded treamaont should glTa an ontlrely^aLlabla indication of the duet risk at tha time and place of sampling; (8) the thermal precipitator, used as rocomendod, is invaluable for special invaatigatiana, because, besides giving a continuous sample, it gives Information both as to mabara and sizes of dust psrtielos. In certain typos of investigations a dorkflald technique can be employed to advantage with thermal precipitator samples. Tha paper is illus trated with nacrous charts, tables and photomicrographs, and a bibliography is appended. Digest of Industrial Hygisne - 9, 247 T.a nation of Dust Concentrations in Mine Awr.<iphra. (29th Report to the Cassaittse on the Control of Ataospheric Conditions in Hines.) J. Howard Griffiths and T. Derid Jones. Trans. Inst. Mining Engrs. (London). 99, 130-80, (July, 1940). This report is the result of a year* s study of methods of dust sastplisg in coal mines, and cowers choice of methods, rate of sampling and size of apparatus. Only weighing methods are considered, as^ds customary in British mines. An apparatus including a Sozhlet thimbledfflTfound superior to a filter-paper device The qptmrs' conclusions are as foj^laT^d) a correct sample can be obtained only me? the valotfity of saaplng^^4he same as that of the air current; (2kO\ if the stalling Velocity is IdftSthmwelght of the sample is too high and <8n\> tains tod'Sjfc a percSatggrarvpwrse material; (3) if the swpllng elrfcrc^td high, the tejLjfht lavito&SCwOjaa the percentage of fine particles iV0^h^gh; (4) the effm^Of hME^gu^lty is not as marfced as that of lowxafojrHfc; and (5) a--piigg lath in diameter give correcti^eiXWwithin the experimental smaller tubes give InconslstewpimMufts and have the addltlrfih pmewfc of^Wftdring a long time to oo^et ms necessary sam ples. tcusalos^^^ha paper is report 248 and Teatj Hector ror Loading Point. Placed htake Roadway. rch of the Mofiuthahire and South Vales Coal Owner* la Iron & Coal Trades Rev., f 141. 33*41 (July 12, 1940)^ Laa 29-32, 59-6, (July 12 and 19, 1940). i The report gives a detailed daatrgxso dust collector constructed at the loading point, at which t^e^duroTv^muc& Ler than at any other point in the mine. A mist proJecto^mtoniSiy^Jkisrea }be efficiency of the collector for fine particles. Im^MnkngtostsY the d ?/^$eet from the loader was reduced from 3.112 to O.QBfowNper cu. ft., of 94$. Recommendations for additional lmpafexeMins are made, espeai luclng the 3izo of the collect- or whan tfce&iiaE/^ioJ actor i3 used. 249 Son Suncreasion. - Coal Dust Re! e of the Moaiouthshire Wales Coal Owners' Association. traeted in Iron It Coal ? Rev., 141. 362 (October 11, 1940) and an 1^, 366-8 92 (October U and 18, 1940). ^ 'Y/;) This report covers a study of the efficiency of versus wimfr sprays and water with compressed air ia allaying mine dust. Veter spreyt are not very effective against alr-boxae dust, but are ideally suited for wt$&af the surface of the coal and so preventing dust-cloud formation. The addition) of certain chemicals to the water to reduce the surface tension increases the^factlveness by de creasing the mist particle sizes, but the increase Is aalyc@^ even when using relatively strong solutions, and does not warrant the addlffiipp. cost and trouble entailed. The most efficient atomization is obtained by pM,`*Vwd water through the inner nozzle and compressed air through the outer nozzle. The average size of the mist particles produced by a South Valas aist projector is about 60 mi crons. In general, the greater the air to water ratio tha finer the mist, but there ia a critical figure beyond which vary little advantage is gained by fur ther lnereaeing tha air consumption. The finer the mist, the more effective it is sgainst air-borne duet. However, if it ia too fine the water evaporates be fore it can wet the duet. In practice it ia hast to adjuet the mist so that tha air fade damp, but not wet, at a distance about 4 foot from the projector. Tho greater the relative valoelty of the aist to tha duet cloud, the greater the effeetlveneee of the slat, and therefore it ia reccnendod that tha alat should Digest of Industrial fysieno - W be projected ia the opposite dlractlon to which tha dust cloud is mowing, Tha South Wales mist projectors, found superior to all others, are capable of suppressing 80 to 90% of air-borne dust containing particles below 2 microns. The efficiency of all such projectors is much greater than that of steam. 250 Predicting Dust Concentration. Prank B. Rowley and R.C, Jordan, Heating) Piping and Air Cond.. 12. 699-702 (December, 1940). This article is devoted to tha factora^ffocting dust concentration levels in enclosed spaces. The rates at whi^h^mkv laden air is introduced into the spaca^with which dust is produced^2fc)tn space and with which dust settles tp, the ifjg^and the at whlq^^r Wriltered, are usually of greater impor tance of the t and eafil ual dust concentrations then the effi ds of rating filter performance, sources and settling of dust are detail. 251 Frank B. Rowley Hsating, (February, 1941). on of the data tha first paper Utering given. The treatment 252 Cleaning of Air and Gas C. Blacktln. J.Soc. f Chem. Ind., 58, 334-8 (19 Tha effect of heated solid k om in producing at normal pressure a dust-free region around .diameter action. The author con- ducted experiments test heat and dlffarant types of lust- repelling apparatus, heating oinduction) and hot-water heating gate comparable radfeh^a^/ A periphSral^hot Isor was dereloped and served wall rapellor. In an'e^sct heated apparatus with air orlginally^wB^igng at 18.4C. 90,309 ` ware - mi6kd0air',i000, at 55 25,760, at^ es par cc., the contacts 85.3 3,200 particles, An using hot-liquid heating ga inslly containing at particles perac., at 29 17,100s t 55 3100 and at 31 articles per cc. Cleaning of Gas and Air by Thermal Repulsion Blacktln. .'.Sec. Chaa. Ind., 59, 153-4 (1940). The author gives data showing the efficiency of a perforated repulsor 9.25 in. in dl< ter end 0.375 la. In length, described in the^flrst paper. An effi- cleney of 94% was obtained with different smoke dispersion* et a rate of 4 :c. ft. of air per hour with the extremely low resistance of^dt. water gauge for the perforeted repulsor of 0.2 sq. in. of effective area, author claims that the reelsteace can be further lowered by increasing taifc^ength of the ra- pulsor. Trial of an usperforated repulsor gave decidedly inferior results, ta- cause the black body radiation from the perforeted device contrlbutea very materially to lta efficiency. The work described la being made the subject of patent rights. 254 Silicosis frdn Porphyry with a note on "Acute Silicosis." Symsnskl. Arteitsschutz, p. 272-4 (1940). (German). Porphyry contains 30 to 50% free silica. The author reports a serious ease of silicosis In e man who worked for 7 years as a quaTryman but was endangered coir during 9 month's experience as a driller. Twenty other cases, mostly slight cr medium, were noted in workers in porphyry. Digest of Industrial hygiene - U. 255 South African Silicosis Report. Anonymous. Iron & Coal Trades Rev. , 141. 524 (November 22, 1940). The Annual Report of the South African Government Mining Zngineer for 1939, Just lssuad by tha Union of South Africa Department of Ifiaas, racords that silicoals prevention work was continuad energetically throughout tha yaar, oa tha sum geaaral Unas as la tha previous year. Water is still railed oa as tha princi pal nethod of controlling dust production, hut ventilation has been laereasad, and is considerably la excess of tha my&mum requirement. Generation of dust by JacltaamBer drills has received cadt&ftfable study. The Incidence of silico sis har^steadily fallen fraa U.9^$o WOO in 1931-2 to 7.61 per 1000 in 19: ThisNqoprease, hmtfwer, is as to tha Increase from 51.9 to 60JI in, nuabor^of7dneri^wWh les^^ha^6 years' service. Tha nraber of new ci silicoaid^2fl0, drCect^^^9-9, is tha highest recorded since 129( is to be enacted.^ha^LM^Taa number of miners with over 12, aad^joKSB'years' service has1|mttPlleiinsed. Practically all tha new cases aftsdp^old miners" who l^g^osrw^n^efore 1916, and before tha begt^sxyg^r protective iaprov* 256 T3e Experiments were condi 2 natural and 2 artiflci ainereis, tha other of c Ho silicotic changes were p: tissue and capillary proli tainlng 93.2 and ?4.2j( report is being pre; end Artificial 245-6 (1940). ed duat produced by crushing j the latter aa compounded of : containing Zft insoluble silicic acl<d. r duata, but only slight connective of tha natural grindstones, conal silicotic nodulas. A fuller Dust Arbeitsschutz, p. 226-9 (1940). the dust problem in la followed by a ra the technical aspect of eh# pedally regarding dust counting, mentioning only t tyndallmeter. Ha tads portable vacuum cleaners for d tha eorkshops. A follows by Buckup on the medical aspect# q t: Tha Saxon do lstry has installed an x-ray ear with which ove^l3y nations have been mado in 9 months. Tha screen method uaed is cheajtjfcpt ways reliable in diagnosing first stage silicosis. 258 The Silicotic Module in_______a__n_d__E_x_pe_r_im__e_n__ta_l__S__ll_lc__o__ Comparative Stud7. I.H. Balt, A.A. Perris and Z.J. Zing. J.Path. and Bact. 263-7 (September, 1940). The authors have mads a comparative study of silieotlo leaW?)in man and in rata, tha latter produced by single intra-trecheal injectionof silica, ranging frost 0.8 to 5 microns. They stress tha zona of flbroua tissue practically with out silica partldaa ("redundant flbroua encapsulizatlon") as an important diffarenca between silicoals as seen in man and that In axpariaantal animals, in which they found tha condition eas absent. They also point out sema differ ences In the-character end pattern of tha fibers. They speculate on tha possi bility that in man tha lesion may be complicated by infection. An additional report la promised. Digest of Industrial Sygiena - 12. 299 p>c^ngytoali of foreign Material la the T.unp. o.h. Robertaon. Physiol. Rav., 21. 112-39 (January. 1941). The author reviews the modes of entrance, distribution and disposition of for eign material in the respiratory tract. First, the progress of foreign particles to the lung la impeded by theslanoue course of the nasal passages, the sticky mucous character of the surfaces; action of the cilia of the membrane and the cough reflex. Disposition of the material that has entered the terminal respir atory units is less simple. The principal method is by phagocytosis by amebic cells, the typo of call ployed dapenfijag upon the character of the foreign matter*j\ Bacteria such as tho pnetg^pc^S aro handled by the polymorphonuclear,. leuci However, with mineral dusts, the large region goes into action. They qurtkl^? engulf am rapidly to lymph vessels en^raproid tissue* degenerates, loavlng the sillgagTape^in the peronc process is somewhat diffaram&i account of the large Macrophages accumulate^wn^^ha fiber and form asbestosla bodiMTappaar. Inasmuch as the 1 foreign matarflal injected lntreven- oualy, pulmonary capkl^eQpandothelium carries on ^activity calla UBA is * A bibliography of 159 fereidea la included f 260 Asbestoeis in Grinders __ Braelmana. Arbeitsschutxi p. 172-4 (1940). (German) \ Brake bands aro or are pressed out of asbestos waste products artificial resin. Afterwards the bands and plates ^ _ <&(<^funy all workers in asbestos plants must be exn illy. 'Cllhical'^aid^x-ray examination of the gzlnd- ers, drillers flle Individual pieces)has shown a few light cases of asbestosis work, and in^airly kJj^fuch workers after 5 yours employment 2a Against Asbestosis Today. Ltsschutz. pp. 191-3 )pper is a brief description of asbcstoslk^,* La against it. The author states that noVr^ttatioi 'nasal dust filtering ability and degree of asbestos!*. an account of the is found between 262 Methods Mvavua of QA Avoiding the Dust wai Danger utsor In ;a Asbestos abbiiw Plaifts^yalld from August 1, 1940. Anonymous. Arbeltsschutzr pp. 26J-9 (l940). fGfaun) The new regulations conesnlng exhaust systMs, oetahll^^^:iy tho manufacturers, insurance association and Qoxman factory lnspoctors, are 6m? bed* The effl- cioncy of the lyitma must be tested by e representative o: insurance association* 263 Rogulatio" Qienf Regulation Regarding Manufacture of Qlasa, Grinding, Etching. Painting. Glass Containers and Related Industries. Dated September 13, 1940. Anomnnoua. Arteltaachutz. r. 263 (1940). (German). The Qexman regulations proscribe that x-ray examinations bs mads of all workers m^loyed at cartaln jobs In rooms whars glass contslnsrs or rsfrnetory materials are produced or where sandblasting is conducted. The examinations- are repeated evory second year. All parsons engaged in producing lead-contalning mixtures or using land colors are to bs examined at least every 6 months* Digest of Industrial Hygiene - 13. >64 Silieosla m Ohio in 1940. Anonymous. Ohio lad. Cess. Monitor. 14, 15 and 30. (January and Pebruary, 1941). Although incidence of silicosis at large may be on the decrease due to the knowledge gained regarding the disease during the past twenty yoars, neverthe less many more cases have camo to the attention of the Ohio Industrial Com mission in 1940 than during any year since the disease bocame compensable in 1937. During the first 29 months of operation of tho law, 330 claims were filed; while in the 12 aonths of 1940t</i6 claims were filed. In the 29-aonth period b$Tious to 1940, 111 claia^Wro^iiowcd and 165 claims rejected. This is abOwCf 40 per eppt allowance, x^yhe year 1940 , 83 were allowed and 113 disallot of <\ 265 X-Ra7 BgpmttpwSifln of''tj of Dust as a Method of Medical Gaertner. IS3C 193-5 (1940). (German). The z-ray borne dust and dust in the lung author found kaolin and Lcotlc lungs of china-clay wo: icludes that these substand) produce 266 Processes tor Tlltrat Witaaana. Z. SLaktro- Ch*m2r46 313-21 (1940)i The basic laws of aero itU sed, with reports of experiment! on filter saterlela of kno sail ructure with definite test vapors*; The condensation aerosol of t G is used as test vapor. With t multiple-layer filters of cei the deposit of tha precipitated vapor within the filter c: simple absorption law. The per- centage absorption pc _ irods^papc silk filters as well as for filter bricks and Jan^TS^is'^frlts wns'deta: The idoas of separation of dust particles by^^mumfitation, reflection nnlng-out are transferred to aerosol filtraa&uuOftui controlling si flowing motion for aerosol filtration & (arayea. Laws found for tfigr^: filter-aerosol are like- wise the filtration of liquid A ' lon4 its in Electrical Precipitation in 3t*atl> Plants^C.W. Hedberg and L.M. >n it Steel Bngr.. 17. 13-27 (July.^-tMfr). 'authors discuss tha general principles end history o^^Mtrlcal procipita ction, and describe its use in various processes in jtaal mnwractur* including claaning of blast furnace gee, ferro-manganeae gaa,^tgh ailicon iron furnaces, and dotorrlng coke oven gas* A spocial application ln^leaning coke ova gas under high pressure is described. In each of these uees^^tho problame involved and their solution aro diecueaed. Studies on the application* mentioned and cn new ones are being continued, and promise improved perfosaum) end lower initial cost* 263 Soldering Fluid Containing Hydrochloric Acid, end Pulmonary fibrosis. J.Am.Med. Assoc., (queries and Minor Motes.) 116* 355 (January 25. 1941). A tinsmith has used hydrochloric acid in his work for 20 years, and now has widaspread pulmonary fibrosis and disabling dyspnea. The question is whether tho add is responsible, and whether tha us* of Spear soldoring fluid will pre vent similar trouble* In the reply the conclusion is given that hydrochloric acid docs not cause pulmonary fibrosis, although it has injurious properties whan inhslsd in axcoss. Spear soldering fluid when properly employed Is said to yield no free acid and the manufacturer claims that it is free from lead and arsanio. Dlgeat of Industrial Hygiene - 14. 269 Color*Determination of Carbon Monoxlda. S.M. Chumanov and M.B. Aksel'rod. J.Applied Chi. (U.S.5.B.) 12. 156B-70 (1939). (Russian, with branch ausmary). Experiments were earrlad out for determining minute amounts of carbon monoxide in air. Fame salts as wall as salts of palladium and gold are raducad by carbon mono:d.de. The raduetlon is slight without a catalyst but reaches almost 50$ in tbs presence of silica gel. The divalent iron formed by the action of 0.02 mg. of carbon monoxlda par litar 4[ ba detected with potassiia ferri- 270 An Indicator Mabtt^for tha Ddab|Blflktion of Carbon_Moaoxiae in Air. Sarlson.V So. 5. 50-3. From Cham. Absts. (Sovcmber Optimum co id for ths datazminatlon of carbon aonoSMiMjy the indicator as formation of a light bluish grem^ appearing from the con norida with a suspension of lottos* pilnto^de in fw ing sulf ca gel. The color obtairtd vwompared with standard!) peeper#' ca with various sThe important da- tai^r&^ftlTan in 271 "Amounts of Carbon j^TP.I.a. Sell. Bet Oee, W, 18-21, (1940). (Dutch). ^ ! A method of datarminatioa f carbon monoxide by means of palladium chloride colcrime Zt Is shown from s amber of tests with palladium chloride paper, city gas and air, of hydrogen, carbon monoxlda, carbon in flue gases that a proper grada- tlon of blackaning can] ., . ^ w chloride papers without addi- tlon of gold chloridp^ preSence of'^fPZ&ttsr tho color tends to be purple and incon$OThLefelow carbon mdhoxids^ocantmtiona of 0.1$. It is furthermore poAiegOwt that the blackejttM is^gwjh intensive if hydrogen is present in ^mixture and least lh$e$slTe te^iiuted city gas. The pallad- exposod to the itoa, then washed out in chloric add to remove axcaas ^cal^drfead and compared with up In similar manner. The concentration used was 0.3125$ -J' _ dangers of Carbon Monoxide. Sueming. Arbeltsschu$^ pp.'d*3-7 (1940) .{Oeiman). The author reports that 79$ of ths workers in s fod^cy were poisoned to some degree In s room heated by coke stores without exhauapf^ Carbon monoxide hazards in foundries, especially in drying molds and heab|n* of drying chambers, ero discussed. Two eases of poisoning during repair woxl^m a gas generator are also reported. c@) 273 The Mantel and Weurological Sequelae of Carbon Monoddo Aaphvxtt in a Case Obsorred for Fifteen Tears. H. Raskin and O.C. Mnllaney. J.Nervous and Mental Dls., 92, 640-59 (SorMber, 1940). The author presents a thorough summary of ths clinical and anatomical changes following carbon monoxide asphyxia as reported In ths literature, and des cribes obsemtloas made on a case orer a period of 19 years. A twisn of 43 suffered sub-lethal earboa monoxide poisoning. Partial recovery from the early symptoms was followed 7 years later by nervous disorders which persisted until her death 13 years after the accident. The clinical picture was essentially that of Parkinson's syndrome. Clinical and anatomical details are given. Digeat of Industrial IJygiatta . IS. 274 Determination of Carbon Monoxide Hemoglobin in the Blood bv Means of the Photo electric Colorimeter. R. Havemannl glia, Wchnschr.. 19. 1183-5 (1940). (German) Determination by this method, which is described, requires only a shore time and 1 cc. of blood, or area os little as 0.1 ec. The error is said to be 0.55t. 275 Sulfur Dioxide in tho Foundry. 7.A. Allen. Metal Ind.-, (London). 57, 172 (August 30, 1940). Sulfur dioxide is inevitably present varying concentrations in foundries ^magnesium alloy eastings, ed in magnesium casting to act as sof the air to prevent sa datlon. It is also often used in ion treatment for the seme purpose^ is important now, because magnesita ora acquire considerable tolerance to oilgas, apparent tolerance is attained at th^QmWse of although there are some workers whofoav^been in the *t IS years without injury from /TOn.ps? The (British) Industrial Research has aatabVkmBsd one part sulfur concentration allowable rous oven for short to test their foundry content la within the safe the workera and at approximately 276 The Treatment of Acute nod. oxptl., U.S.S.R., The injection of a sol in physiological the injection o: doses of sulfide per eight) led was tried \ I.D. Meshanln. Bull. biol. Russian, with English svmmary.) peroxide end 1$ sodins bicar&cnate a paralytic stata as a result cf solution (4.0-4.6 mg. hydrogen cry in all 9 cases in which it fide; Its Toxicity and Pot Div. of Industrial Hyg., ISst. of Health. Pub. Health Repts March 21, 1941). silent short but ccmplete discussion on carbon disulfide topics discussed are: Physical-ChMical _-_jximal Permissible Concentration (20 p.p.m.), Sources of Exposure^ i&StwnlnAir, Blood and Urine, Absorption and Iteration, Relation BotweehPJSomcentrntlons in Air and Toxic Symptoms, Clinical ?icturs of C2S Polscmlsg.'^Mthologlcal Changes, Changes of Tolerance, Physiological Mechanism, and Prevent! 278 Alarm Devices for Indlcatlam the Presence of Denywrw and Vapors. Chrmisch-tecJaisahe Reiehsanstalt. Z.ges. Schiess-u. S (1939). (German). sg>itofTw. 34, 23^-9 Upper and lowmr explosive limits are given for 18 combustible geses in mxturo with air, and dangerous and lethal coacaatretloms aro given for 16 poisonous gases. The requlrvents which e satisfactory alaxm devloe should meet ara iui od. All caverclal devices tested by the Clunlsch-teehnischa Reichanstalt and by certain other testing stations are named and the prlaelplaupoa which they operate ore described briefly. 279 Pbrslotoxlcology of Poison Geaee. L. Horlant. 7. phaxa. Belg., 2^, 815-24 (1939). (Trench). The games are classified and tabulated according to their toxicity. Sympt produced by the different gases are given. Digeat of Industrial Hygiene - 17. 286 P^-rwiiMitsgieal Properties of Certain flaturatsd Fluorocarbons. H.C. Struck and S.B. Plattner. J. Pharmacol.. 68. 217-9 (1940). Breathing air containing high concentrations of iacafluorobutana, boiling point -- 4.5C., and dacafluorocyclopcntane b.p. 23, profoundly daprassad mica but did not produce true anesthesia, the mice responding to stimuli at all times. Death followed from congostlon of the lungs due to irritation. 287 Bensene (Benzol): Its Toxicity an&^Wgdntlal Dangers. Dir. of Ind. 2yg., Nat'l , Health. Pub. Health Raodijft jgl S19-527 (March 14, 1941). Anot a of shoSKhut^raiplsta discussions of conson indust; th\weward form discussing: Physical-Chamica ties, ^^ntration (100 p.p.a.), Sources of Detarmlnat ..ad. Absorption and Szcration, Ralatlo<3tfrib& Con- Lc Symptoms, Symptoms of Acute and Cl ologlcal Mechanism, Habituation^4ti lactic nt< 286 Used as Solvent Arbeltsschutz, pp. imiyW. (German) Thf>axpoaltlon of tlhp/pl iture of , benzene and its homologs covers acute and chro _ tating effects on the shin.: Benzene and its homologs, ino< hare more injurious effects, acute and chronic, than those aliphatic hydrocarbons known as beiU zine, naphtha or light gas ania benzine contains 1.4 to 2.30 aromatic hydrocarbons, of`jrtgjhffigTto is benzene; the product from the Dutch last Indies contajavtol^sfrollQtic arboas, including % benzene. No chronic offoet has baebvi^psd frost-these s but blood changes and non- hamatogenous dlsagta^arre been noted aromatic hydrocarbons, ben- zone is much aofe^taigerous than toluehf> probably because toAc intarmodianrflKbKta aro formed froo^ n the others. On the other hgM&nSxrrltatlng effect on ths< , from the paraffins tha&s^eu^bme aromatics, and less in low^^b than in the high- ?nlc Benzol Poisoning in Plastics Induatra^lfcfts ohv?er Damage. H. Heimann 'and C.B. ford. M.Y. State Dent. Labor. Ind. Bdil. ^19. 22a;tNoTember. 1940). A study of 13 mployeeacf a factory processing coifjttn doth with benzene dis closed 1 fatal ease of benzene poisoning, with sympfed^s and clinical signs of aplastic anamia, and multiple hemorrhages. There wes^a^so 3 mild cases, in which the symptoms disappeared after rooval from axp&suzp except that in one, a case of aozmocytlo anemia, the normal blood picture w^Mfet regalnod. As a result of the lsrestlgatlon another solvent was subatitutadCfor benzene, and adequate ventilation was installed. There is now no apparSM0health hazard. 290 Colorlmatrlc Determination of Vapors of Nitrobenzene. Azobaazona. Aniline and Benzldcne in Alr^ M.3. Byfchouskaya. Orm. Cham. lad.. (U.B.3JU) 6. 638-9 (1939). (Russian). The analyeia by known methods of contaminated air in the production of benzidene ia described' in detail. The air is passed through a nitrating add to convert nitrobenzene into dinitrobenzene and ozobenzane into iinltro-czobenzene. The latter reaeta with glueoca and sodium hydroxide to give an intaaao blua. Dinitrobeazana in acetone with sodlia hydroxide glvee a violet reaction. In vapors absorbed in water, benzidene gLvea e blue reeetloa with ferrio chloride and sodlia hydroxide* and aniline glvee with sodlia hypochlorite and phenol a palobiue iadophenol reaction. Digest of Industrial 57giens - 18. 291 Toluene and Xylona. Industrial Data Shoot D-Cfcaa. 35, Notional Safety Council. Rat. Safety Saws. 42, 36, 38 (August, 1940). The hazards of both substances include: (1) acute poisoning through respiration of the fumes or vapors, or ingestion of tho liquids; (2) chronic poisoning through respiration over a longer period of small concentrations of the fumes or vapors; (3) dermatitis due to the drying action of the solvents, and (4) fire and explosion. Both ore good solvents for a number of substances used in indus try, such os resins, rubber, castor and linsaed oils. They ore both less tone than benzene but hsTe possibilities ^^feute and chronic poisoning. The acute effects of toluene include hesdscbev^sap)cecness, vomiting, disturbances of equilibrium, feeling of illness sdg^pamtimos unconsciousness. In chronic easel headache as, insomnia, lack of capacity for loss iusi , and blooding from the note and gums* Xylene id/ to a lesser degree. Workers exposed, material examinations before employment <n2fdfc-fagul&r intervals,' sis particularly if benzene is Accepted local exhaual ventilating systems should be inral^ga. Synthetic rubber gl< ded. frequent sir testa sbour^oe made, and suppllj >rs be used in may plecedQmu the vapor conceatra- tio; prei ns must be taken. 292 Pc Laurie insCi do Poisoning J.N.M. Chalmers A.Z. Oillom sad J.X. X T&ecmiber 287 1940). 1 The case reportod is tbSt^ engineer, aged 38, who experienced severe methyl chloride po: ult of exposure to ftaes while st wo$k Dellrlra, convulsions and principel symptoms. Coproporphyrin series III was found in feces and urine, disappearing with tho subsidence of toxic hie origin of porphyrins in such cases is fully discus#^ _______ dhClfllta^Mfrclualon. Recovery was complete at the end of 7 weefcgtf of the prevlouel^zVpprted esses of methyl chloride poisoning UTAmerica. The widely used in domestic refrig orators, odor makes it |tect; its greatest action is on the and nervous systu., appear to resoble those iertain aitro- and amino- a as drugs of the sul- group, vhioh probably act on arfere with the aormal of hemoglobin, , ^~ lritrous F.umes in the Chemical Grindlnm of fileey Sc eltsscbutz. pp. 221-2 (1940). (German). cS) A new method for sharpemlng old fllea consists la pggJPof dipping than in nitric add. Nitrons fumes ore generated in the procoes. Insane plant ovary worker exposed to the fUMs was injured, one serlouely. ^ ^j) 294 Water Sprmr as s Keens of Fighting Respiratory Polsone. Fouerschutz, 20, 2-4 (1940). (Gasman). A spray of wmtsr from s nozzle can be used to decrease the h&rfrd to life from industrially used toxic gases that have escaped from their containers (chlorine, anomie, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) and to counteract tbs effects from war gases. The efficiency of this "stoolzed" water depends on the solubility of the chemicals, adsorption, increased reactiv ity, ete. Tbs application of the method is described. 295 Air Conditioning in Zlektron Metal Foundries. Anonymous. Giesserei. 27, 347-3 (September 6, 1940). (Garmon). This article discusses and illustrates principally tho methods and equipment Ployed for the removal of sulfuroue fumee resulting from electric furnaces La foundries. Digest of Industrie! Hygiene - 22. of mercury pwp<i manufacture of barometers and other inatnanents, silvering of Ixrorsi manufacture of chenlcol expounds, us* of mercury salt* la treatment of bid** sad tb* manufacture of fulminate cap*. 308 Experimental Investigation on the Absorption of Mercury Vapors. Folco Dcmcnici. Baa*. a*d. lad. 10. 703-11 tl939). (Italian). From Chem. Absts., 34, 2934 (May 10, 1940). It was shown that wbaa rabbit* inhaled mercury vapor* tbo nervous system and nasal passage* woro affected, but internal lesions eppoared only in a smell percentage of tba mlari a but when^MS^tpee entered the digestive system tbs typtc^inteetlnol bamorrbegic lesWM Mrs present. la tbls way aay be explained^tljP nervosa dlsordeu^acuzrlsg la easos of aercury poisoning. ^ \S^ 309 Oeoupatl^^AMwg^^^^Mi^HS its Deteotlon by Cbleal Methods* Kuenbele. \^Sa.-ZtS|g^dM^29-32. 37-8 (1940). (Gorman). / The chief cdMwsdg\Mgg|qtlonal arsenic poisoning aro revlnmd^Bd^be colori- aetrlc aotboiwto*Mtmiaatioa of arsenic la the buman^adj>ts described. The effeetnf^wMBatloa^l chronic) arsenic poisoni^rnrrQtfseussed oa the basis oA dualeaX?echos bwfemf agricultural and imMm&apl workers. Arsenic 100 ce. of \ajj^^fl^rgaama per g. of the .poisoning. J9UuAir aay contain 3.8 times as pfitb. arsenic os hdB'/O ra. As M0frv*^nO gana per 100 ce. of urine cad 120 gnwan per g. of^| k^agd^gvg/been observed. f 310 Self Poisoning bv Cadmltm 77-80 (1939). (German). The author, a chemist, having inhaled a cons! an irritating co ergiftungsfall., lOai oxide poisoning, ftaes. The symptoms were recovered in 8 days. 311 ?atholo del. Lavoro., 31. bee in detail the aant sonlng which occur in that minor ailments other than mast of whom had worked longer than batteries and the case of a year's obeerva- ire suffered by the Hew Data fer Prsct*g*} Pea*** af Ventilation for Beotrcr^wtlaa. W.P. Battista, T. Hatch and 1. Oreanbura. Heatlas. Pinine. Air Cans^ 13. 81-3 (February, 1941) Because ell electrolytic tanks have conventional shhMmand proportional dinensions, certeiB basic fundamentals of deslgi are applicable to all processes wherein dlssMlnation of contaminants makes control oftodttlatlon essential. This article considers fundamentals of tank ventilation witlL reference to pro portion and Ip, In usual practice, the ateospheric cd$)agination la removed from an olsetreplstlng tank by manna of lateral exhaust vonttStlon through alottod air chambers or duets along the two long side# of ther'tank. The capa city of the exhaust lyitm should vary approximately with the 1.6 power of the tank width rather than directly with the tank width. The rate of ventilation should be constant throughout the length of the tank, but that condition is not always achievable. The uniformity can bo improved by use of manifolds of uni form cross-section with distributing vanes. 313 The Meal af Bathe Containing Cyanide Salts. Fatal Accident in the Hardening of Tools by Sodltm Cyanide! Fichtl. Arboltsachutz pp. 237-8 11940). (German). When an experienced worker pushed a tool through the crust oa ths surfaco of a cyaalda salt hath, ths moltem material splaahad through ths opening end nany Digest of Industrial Hygians - 24. 380 a Twdnatrisl Ch^icnl Dermatitis. S.O. Stingily. South Mod. J., 33, 1268-71 (fiecesber, 1940T7 Sodium tstrachlorphenoxlde is splayed to rid lumber of a fungus that causes In jury ami discoloration. This chaaical has bean observed to cause a fairly characteristic dermatitis. Those affectod came in direct contact with the material In solution end the lesions appear In the expoaed parts of the body* The syeptoas aro, first, a sensation of burning, followed by erythena and ulcer ation which may persist for months orrears. Ccnjunctiris is frequent. Ho ^ ~ x<j) 32e Constitutional Eczema and the Question of Compensation. ^9. Doallken. Doznatol. Wchnschr.. 110 . 437-9 (1940). (German). The author believee that the two cases rejected by Xoh (Abstract Ho. 323) are unquestionably occupational. In ono of them the petch=t$st was mado too late, 2 years after the occupation oj a baker had ended. Aeegrttng to (German) court occupational diseases are not consequences of soneitlzatlon but are caused by "wear and tear*; therefore, the value of the patoh test should not be overrated. 329 Constitutional Eczemas and Bxaert Opinion. A. Walcker. Dermatol. Wchnschr. 111. 6B3-3 (1940). In continuation of the discussion of cases published by Koeh sad Doallken (Abstract Bos. 329 and 394) Walcker reccgnizoa the one ease as of occupational origin but not the other* Be refers to a case of eozaa, existing for 6 years in e man who ground and polished nickel plate parts* The occupation was very dirty, and the worker had considered the dirt and dust as onuses of the eczema. However, careful inquiry showed that* he also polished ehronitm plated parts and that he iu hypersensitive to ell chramitai compounds. Digest of Industrial Qyglcne - 29. 326 Oeamatlonal Dfatltla (Oil). C.G. Laze. Arch. Dermatol. ASyphil., (Soc. trmi.l 43. 184 (January. 1941). The author describes a eaaa of damatltle la a machinist, which erideatly was caused by tha oil which ha used in his 40 years' azparianca. In addition to a mmber of araas of dermatitis, autopsy revealed carcinoma of tha esophagus. This typa of oil dermatitis la fairly cooaon in ^"g1 but rare in this coun try! possibly bacausa oils employod bora aro loss carcinogenic. 327 Expcriaort*i P^i-onary Cancor Inducad^ft the Rat by Respiration of Petroleum Owhuation Gases. A.H. Boffo. Brifoklast. exotl. estud. cancer. 16. Ho. S2. ispsfsTni with Sqgliss^Mary.) Fra Cham. Abate. 34, 6399 ^ (Septhgpr> 20, This i# jive# t of tha work described la our abstrc^^fc^LLS fiunatlhaoipl iiwmdlng ts axposad to tha effects of cosibusd^^gBBes from pulmonary tiaurs, with symptoms aakcMpxications which era Tho author states that hydrocasfeQnAgpfre responsible for tha dare 'of <&aar, in tha lung through roaplre&fl^ combustion >ugh absorption of food'fiBoee^o their toxic 328 ___ 89-94 11939). (J According to tha author cancer la nan. CancaT? letti. Bull. acad. mad., avldaaoa that tar duet ever caused 4% \ 329 Tha Carclnoaonic Action Lada. Bull, aaaoc. frone. etude cancer, aj, 849-91 Bb carcinogenic actl^ mrioua wooda (chestnut, oak, poplar, etc.) hroe tiSis a 6 weeks on the skin of tbs backs of 40 whil on tha inaiB^sx >f tha ear of 2 rabbits, unlike oil tar. cauaed no toxlc^^&j rhea, loss of weight, etc.), slaogenic action was lain, powdered and aade up in silica gal, a] of 20 mice; however, as it did not adhare wall to tho with it ere not ccn- It la auggaatad that tha abaenee actlrity of wood tar to Ita low temperature of diatillatlot (not orar 400C), that tha carciaogosle agoata of oil ter' Loization at tomporaturos of about 890C. 330 Tora Produced hr Tar and Bonzopyrene In Amphibia. Jf? Koch, B. Sehrolber and G. Schrwihar. Buil.aaaoc.frano.otuda cancB<ar. a, 85&.%t*999). (Trench). Mataatizlag ddn txmura ware produced in aiddanlt Triton ccfMatus and T. teanletue by injectlom of a solution of 0.29% tar In olive oil or action of a 1,2-banzopyrama solution obtained by mixing (1:10) dire a 0.029 ($?) solution of 1,2-benzopyrene in benzene and than allowing to evaporate 331 Biological Considerations on Raain Cancer. I. Tlxkat and A. Melter. Bull, aaaoc. franc. etude cancer 29. 24-39 il940). Tha 1,2-banzamtbrena and 3,4-banzopyrena contents of various resins, datazmlnad spectrogrephically, ware as follows: British raain 2 and 0.3d, Osrmsn resin 0.9ft sad trnoos, Cocksrill resin 1 and 0.2-0.3)1, ougree resin 3 end 0.3-0.401. Despite tha prcaanee of these earelnogeale agoata, workara In Liege exposed to raain did not show a higher cancer incidence than tha gmaral population. Digest of Industrial fygleae - 26. 332 Shauld C"T""MTT "Imm* aad arportuslon bo * Cause for Rejection In Industry? wUVr. Bahnenaa. J. An. Hod. Asaoc. 116. 309.13 (January. 1941)1 Coronary disease and hypertension la workers present a 111ana la that they are act industrial la origin but rostrlet capacity for laborious work;, sad it la difficult to Judge bat procedure la fair to the amployer, the worker aad the Insurance company. The beat method for laduatry would be to adjuat at oace the r.oxk of aay of lta mployees who over a period of years develop symptom* of these diseases. Ia case of applications fad? aaployaant, aa electrocardiogram will aid la detenHeiog the probable extej^^P^jury proseat, aad special jobs may be subject may ^qg^ynork. Ia same states a waiver may responsibility. The lam could pro; r of the mployar aad therefore coronary disease. 333 Cardlao cute Progressive Anona. C.J. WlggarX IntJled., if oxygaa to t solely condi- veatllatloa aad eo-carrylag capacity laereased hi The mechanist of the its aa slightly la respired oxygen sglas when the volume is progress- given la the psper. When oxygen . oriels ensues. It Is essentially an ssaat affeet of aaoxla oa the ayocar ing coronary flov eaa no longer on ef oxygen In the blood. 334 J.AmJted.Assoc., U6, 1349-1355 acuity, with end The eetabllslaent of iupatlons is aeceasary. It Elan appoint a comlttae for the old la the correctloa of faulty Loe ie discussed, sons of which may ante'1' The coaeervatloa of eyesight in laduatry of applicants, (2) exam nation of the eyes of (3) proper placement ef workors with dafoctlve without glare, (5) eduoatlon of workers taction of eyes in hazardous Jobs, and (7) of oil industrial rvorkers of visual efficiency for the Americas Medical blsm. This comlttae sequelae of eye Lait refractive errors, iqstlac tbs eyesight defective vision, proper 111ml nation to the eye, (6) prot of ocular injuries. 335 Protective loulment for ftree la Industry. RJ. CarmanAmJlad.Asaoc., 116. 1343-1348 (March 29, 1941}. Sye lajurlee are preventable -- the experience of a large industrial concern over 10 yearn sham that this Is possible -- 22,000 employees having been saved from loss of sight or evam partial lose of vision- It has been estimated that 150 of the blind of America have lost their eight because of. occupational hazards. About 2,000 eyes are lost la Industrial aoeldeats each year. The author outlines the method for Instituting e complete eye protection semce la say pleat, providing for preliminary visual summations ef mployeoe and a sur vey of the plant. There le e lengthy discussion of neehnaleal protective de vices, especially goggles of all sizes ead types- Safety devices on amohlnas, llltnrtnation cad vostUatlom arc briefly considered- The author latlaates that there Is little lafoaeetlon available on the eye hazards ef industrial poisons. Digest of Industrial 9rH*n* - 27. 336 Radiation la Electric Arc Welding. 7. May. Arteltaaehutx, pp. U7-8 (1940). (W9U), The author reports on the lavastlcntions *de by LeComte (Abstract no. 399, 1940). In bln own investigation of electric welding hn found only the uu rays as in carbon arc welding, no x-rays and no gaanua rays. 337 Industrial Injuries to tho Bra. 3. Walker and H.L. Autan. 7. Am. Had. Assoc., 116. 139&-13S7 (March 29. 1941). It is Important to Internalno tha rl cuity at tha time of tha first vi3it, and la^the Injured ayo first. Ia ch appear trivial are often potent! ly dadgahous, especially la tbs a of focal lnfactlon. Tho use of a atie t^'djgig forldslatiag the^ 11 after morel of foreign bodies fra^a^^ cornea cornea affords tho patient comfort <31toe tehee tend to produce lnfactlon by secretions used; In doubtful cases, the plant^bBMSian will do sail to t to aa oeuliat. Tha authors p^Memfi^Sroakdowi of 1900 case types of lesions. Ia their maxAerof acre than 100,000 bodies hare bon tha oaHefclvesxfccnt in 48jt. The disapproval of Its con' expresses no opinions, entitled "Aa Abortive for this year. The Medical dceae of tincture of 1< in pharmacology, with tuberculosis, to consult t: abstracted a does not Imply approval or. Tha Dicast asraly reports, 1ft cite tha Instance of Abstract #101 which appeared In tho March laaua * r company points out that tha as of that given by two textbooks caagb would ha daacaroua la Individuals disaaie** Our lay raadara are advised aadlcatlcn aantlonsd in