Document BR84K8re5jp40DrXG0BMdaj98

.. APT BULLETIN ON PRECAUTIONARY LABELS Guide for the Preparation of Precautionary Labels for Pcuoleum Products I IFor general information only. This is not an API Standard. II API Bull. ZSll Third Edition August 1969 AMERIC.4N PETROLEUM INSTITUTE Division of Environmental Affairs 1271 Avenue of the Amcricas New York, N. Y. 10020 IIi PLir;FF'S EXHIBIT .. . . PAGE Kerosine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . 15 Leaded Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Methanol Antifreeze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Mineral Seal Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Mineral Spirits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Naphtha, Aromatic (extremely fiarnmable) ..................... 12 Naphtha, Aromatic (flammable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Naphtha, Aromatic (combustible) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Naphtha, Petroleum (extremely flammable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Naphtha, Petroleum (flammable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Naphtha, Petroleum (combustible) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Permanent Type Antifreeze (with sodium arsenite) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Permanent Type Antifreeze (without sodium arsenite) . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Petroleum Asphalt Cutback (extremely flammable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Petroleum Asphalt Cutback (flammable) ...................... 17 Petroleum Asphalt Cutback (combustible) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Petroleum Naphtha (extremely flammable) ..................... Petroleum Naphtha (flammable) ............................. Petroleum Naphtha (combustible) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sodium Sulfonates, oil soluble (12% or more) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sodium Sulfonates, oil soluble ( 5 1 2 % ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stoddard Solvent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 18 19 19 19 19 Sulfonates, Calcium (23 % or more) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sulfonates, Calcium (under 23%) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 13 Sulfonates, Sodium (12% or more) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SuIlonates, Sodium ( 5 1 2 % ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 19 Toluene (Toluol) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Xylene (Xylol) (flammable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Xylene (Xylol) (combustible) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 . . ---_I._--- ............ -/ ___- ___- .._.-......... .__. __ ... .. CONTEhTS PAGE .I GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 .TI PETROLEUM PRECAUTIONARY LABELING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 I11. DEFINITIONS OF PRECAUTIONARY TERMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 TV. PRJZPARLNG PRECAUTIONARY LABELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .V LABEL CONTENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Name of the P r o d u c t . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Signal Word . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Statement of Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Precautionary Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emergency Action and/or First Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Container Handling, Storage & Spill Cleanup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Poison" Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Labeling of Experimental Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI. AEROSOL CONTAINERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI1. FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .VI11 M I SPECIMEN LABELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antifreeze. Methanol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antifreeze. Pemancnt Type (with sodium arsenite) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antifreeze Permanent Type (without sodium arsenite) . . . . . . . . . . . . Aromatic Naphtha (extremely flammable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aromatic Naphtha (flammable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aromatic Naphtha (combustible) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aromatic Petroleum Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asphalt, Petroleum. Cutback (extremely flammable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asphalt. Petroleum. Cutback (flammable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asphalt. Petroleum. Cutback (combustible) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benzene (Benzol) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Calcium Sulfonates (23% or more) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Calcium Sulfonates (undcr 3,5 7%) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cutting Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. leaded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline. unleadcd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline Pump Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gear Lubricant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 15 16 16 12 12 12 13 17 17 18 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 15 . - . .- . .. .. PRECAUTIONARY LABELS I. GENERAL w Historically, the American Petroleum Institute has Voluntary industry activity possesses the great advan- had a continuing interest in the safe use of petroleum products. Safe use is an integral part of realizing the social and economic benefits of petroleum. Experience has shown that an effective aid in safe use is 3 simple system of precautionary labels applied to the containers of products which may be hazardous. The policy of the American Petroleum Institute with respect to precautionary labcling of petroleum products is expressed in the following statement: tage of flexibility to meet changing conditions. Specsc. detailed, and rigid regulations enacted as law cannot be revised promptly to keep pace with development of products and usages. If any'legislation is deemed necess a r y to supplement voluntary industry activity, it should be of the enabling type which would authorize an administrative agency after public notice and public hearing to forrnulatc, promulgate, and amend minimum requirements governing the use of precautionary labels. As a guide for the preparation of petroleum precau- The petrcleum industry recognizes the value of precautionary labels on contakers of commercial products when thek normal use and handling may constitute a Z d c a n t neSIE or accident h m r a . c Through the American Petroleum Institute, the industry is working on labeling problems along the lines tionary labels, the API Committee on Precautionary Labeling has prepared this builetin of principles and suggested wording of labels for certain products. The bulletin is presented with the fullest rea!ization that it cannot take the place of proper education in the safe use which are being followed by other industries through their respective associations, and the Institute is cooperating with other groups actively concerned with the antic- preparation and use of Precautionary labels. II. PETROLEUM PECAUTIONARY LABELS The great bulk of petroleum products present no hazards in normal handling, storage, and use. With many, flammability may be the sole risk, and the extent to which this risk is present is roughly indicated by the predominant use. The labeling principles presented herein are directed to those products, currently being produced both in increasing variety and volume by the petroleum industry, whose nature requires special precautions or handling and use. Through the medium of such labels, it is hoped that precautionary information may reach all those who apply, store, or handle these products. By this means, they may be better safeguarded at all times. Thus, precautionary labeling is a proper part of petroleum refining and marketing. The preparation of a generally serviceable, informative precautionary label is not a simple task. Petroleum products may have diverse uses. One or more of these uses may involve greater personal hazard than do others. In such cases the label must be an intelligent selection, reprcsenting both the major hazard and the normal use and handling. The handling of petroleurn products has already been the subject of federal, state, and municipal legislation. All such statutory requirements must be considered. Usually the precautionary label supplements the statutory requirements. These, however, may be combined occasionally, as in the wording for fuel containing tetraethyllead ( E L ) and/or other lead antiknock compounds, where both flammability and the lead n o t i e are combined. Where needed, the Department oi Transportation's red diamond must also be affixed as c. further indication of a ffammability classification. The effective precautionary label is a true estimate 0: personal hazard based on experience; laboratory testing especially biological testing; and the inherent chemica and physical nature of the product. The use of precau tionary labels for relatively harmless products or th. use of unnecessary warnings defeats the true purpos of this plan. It fosters user disregard of all labels an! actuallv promotes careless and improoer handling. 3 ~ cautionary those whonc principles nre suggested: 0 All precautionary statemcnts must be brief, accuratt and expressed in simple, easily understood tcrms. p precautionary labeling should call attention not on! o liazzards arising out of the inherent properties of petroleum product, but also to hazards arising out c reasonably anticipated conditions of storage, handlini and use. -. 5 .. *6 AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE .. .- ., .-) . ' 1' 3. Thc possible need for a precautionary label must be dctcrmined for each individual product. This may also be true of each degree of refinement. Impurities may contribute to the hazard and should not be overlooked. Mixtures of two or more products or mixtures with one or more additives should be considered individually. Thc hazard of thc mixture cannot always be safely defined either from the nature of the components or by analogies baed on the chemical structure or on the be- havior of othcunhtures. 4. Precautionary statements should represent the best knowledge of the product and its behavior. If these data are not adequate, the label should recognize this, and the experimental nature of the product should be indicated. 5 . Variety in the statements for similar hazards must be minimized. Uniformity in language to indicate the same hazards and the same degree of hazard is most desirable. It fosters understanding by all through association. 6. Precautionary labels are primarily intended for use on containers. In the petroleum industry, they are prepared for use on barrels and smaller units. Thus, the quantity is of moment when considering the wording related to predominant use. Also, the label design and layout should be such that it is easily recognizable as a warning and is distinct from other markings. 7. It is equally important that bulk shipment customers be inforrn-s-a esara-m%E& hZEirdous D ~ O D G r n i n c label on the involce. III. DEF'INTIONS OF PRECAUTIONARY TERMS - Statutes and regulations making precautionary Iabel- pelling, or mitigating any insects, rodents, nematodes, ing mandatory mark its evolution from the earliest beginnings. Complementary to the development of such codes has been the definition of terms used in specify- ing such labeling. This part of -the development has received extensive study by all groups engaged in such work. Accurate understanding of the many terms associated with hazard definition is a requirement of label preparation. The following definitions are provided as guides to those preparing labels and are the basis for the general recommendations which comprise API Bulletin 25 11. In general, they encompass the modes in which petroleum products are hazardous and the types of material which exhibit such behavior. In many cases they are exactly the same as definitions included in laws or in other manuals on label preparation. fungi, weeds, or other forms of plant or animal life or viruses, except viruses on or in living man or other animals; and, 2, any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or dessicant. 6 . Extremely flammable liquid: Any Liquid which gives off flammable vapors at or below a temperature of Z O F , as determined by flash point, Tag Open Cup (ASTM D 1310-67). 7 . Flammable liquid: Any Liquid which gives off flammable vapors over a temperature range above 20 F to 80 F, inclusive, as determined by flash point, Tag Open Cup ( A S l M D 1310-67). 8 . Fumes: Solid particles generated by condensation from the gaseous state, generally after volatilization from molten metals and the like, and often accompanied by a chemical reaction such as oxidation. Fumes tend to 1. Combusiible liquid: Any liquid which gives off flocculate and sometimes coalesce. flammable vapors over a temperature range above 80 F to 120 F, inclusive, as determined by flash point, Tagliabue Open Cup* (ASTM D 1310-67). (See VII. Flammability Classification, p. 11). 9. Car: A normally formless fluid which occupies the space of enclosure and which can be changed to the liquid or solid state by the effect of increased pressure or decreased temperature or both. A gas diffuses. 2 . Container: An individual receptacle, such as a bag, box, barrel, bottle, tube, can, carboy, cylinder, or drum, which is used to store or dispense a hazardous substance. It does not include tank trucks, tank cars, pipelines, or equipment or devices used to hold hazardous substances during the process of manufacture. Harmdous substance: Any substance or m i x t u r e 7 of substances which: 1, is toxic; 2, is corrosive; 3, is an irritant; 4, is a strong sensitizer; 5 , is flammable; or, 6, generates pressure through decomposition, heat, or other means-if such substance or mixture of substances may cause substantial personal injury or illness during, or as 3 . Corrosive (physiological) : A substance which in a direct result of, any customary or reasonably contact with living tissue causes destruction of the tissue patcd handling or use. fby chemical action. The term shall not refer to action on inanimate surfaces. -1. Household Products: Any substance packaged in a form, suitable for use in the household, 4. Dusr: Solid particles generated by handling, crush- or by children. A product, which might be brought into ing, grinding, rapid impact, detonation, and decrepita- any place where people dwell, or in or around a related tion of organic or inorganic matcrials such as rock, ore, % building such as a garage, carport, barn or storage she metal, coal. wood, and grain. Unless very fine, dust does not diffuse in air but settles undcr the influence of gravity. 5 . Economic poison: 1, Any substance or mixture ,.:'>f substanccs intended for preventing, destroying, re- 12. Irritant (physiological) : Any substance which on immediate, prolonged, or repeated contact with normal living tissue will induce 3 local inflammatory reaction. 13. Label: A display of written, printed, or graphic matter on or attached to the immediate container of a * Ifcrcin3ftcr. the TJgliabue O p e n -C u p hlcthod is referred to as T a g Ogen Cup. hazardous substance and/or the outside container M -- wrapper of the package, if any is used. PRECAUTIONARY LABELS .. 7 ) *. .. 14. LC,,: Airbornc concentrations that produce in 5070 of the test animals, from a 1-hour cxposurc. 15. LDo: The maximum dose which g o u p of test animals. 'One C. Produces death within 14 days in half or more than half of a group of 10 or more rabbits tested, in a dosage of 200 milligrams or less per kilogram of body weight, when administered by continuous contact with the bare skin for 24 hours or less. 16 LD;,,: The dosc which kills 50% of a group of test animals by ingestion or skin absorption. If available data on human experience with any substance in the aforementioned concentrations indicate 17. L D , ~ , :The minimum dosc which kills all g o u p of test animals. 13. Mist: Suspended liquid droplets generated by condensatton from the gaseous to the liquid state or by breaking up a liquid into a dispersed state, such as by results different from those obtained on a h a l s , the human data shall take precedence in any classification of a substance as a poison. 22. Sfrong sensitizer: A substance which will cause on normal living tissue, throygh an allergic or photo- splashing, foaming, and atomizing. -19. Mixture: A physical commingling of two or more substances which may or may not bear a k e d proportion lo mother and which have not reacted chemitally with one another. 20. Oxidizing innrerial: A substance which yields OXY- igen readily to stimulate the combustion of organic matter. dynamic process, a hypersensitivity which becomes evident on reapplication of the same substance. 23. Toxic substance: A substance which has the in- herent capacity to produce personal or illness in man through ingestion, inhalation, or absorption through any body surface, and which falls within any of the following categories: L a. A substance that has an oral LD,,of more than 50 mg/kg, but not more than 500 mg/kg when admin- 21. Poison (Highly Toxic): Any substance or mixture of substances which falls within any Of the following categories : istered to rats weighing between 200 and 300 grams each. (For household products the range is 50 mg/kg to 5 g/kg as stated in the Federal Hazardous Substances u. Produces death within 14 days in half or more Regulations) than half of a group of 10 or more Iaboratory white rats, each weighing between 200 and 300 grams, at a single dose of 50 milligrams or less per kilogam of body weight, when orally administered. b. A gas or vapor that has an LC,, of more than 200 PPM but not more than 20,000PPM, or a mist or dust with an LC,,of more than 2 mg, but not more than 200 mg per liter when the experimental animal is ex- b. Produces death within 14 days in half or more posed for a period of 1 hour or less. than half of a group of 10 or more laboratory white rats, each weighing between 200 and 300 grams, when inhaled continuously for a period of one hour or less at an atmospheric concentration of 200 parts per million or less by volumc of gas or vapor or 2 milligrams or less per liter of mist, fume, or dust, provided such concen- c. A substance that has an LD,,of more than 200 mg/kg but not more than 2000 mg/kg when admin- istercd by continuous contact, 24 hours or less, with the bare skin of albino rabbits which weigh between 2 and 3 kilograms each. tration is likely to be encountered by man when the substance is used in any reasonably foresecable manner. 24. Vapor: The gaseous form of a substance which is normally in the solid or liquid state. A vapor diffuses. IV. PREPARING PRECAUTIONARY LABELS Modern technology demands functional labels which give information clearly and quickly. The statcnicnts must be brief; but, above all, they must be correct. They must inform and, by association, suggest n general type and degree of risk. Label wording can be correctly chosen only with thc fullest knowledge of a product and its uses. Of primary importance is a description of the hazard(s) involvcd in thc use of the particular petroleum product. This dcscription can be prepared from a compilation of the available relevant information on the nature and USCS of the product. Thk i s whv it was stated earlicr that precautionary t m s l i o u l d be s~ Iecrcd by t h o s c a o not oniv k n o u c nnturc or the 7!ewea broad k n o w l & k ' o b [ j.- Oncc the hazards have been clearly dcfincd, it is dc- -.-1suable to classify them. Many products will prescnt more than one type of hazard. Also, they may dificr in severity. In general, the most serious hazard will be prcsentcd first for ready recognition and emphasis. I t 1 is unwise, however, to try to cover too many contingen- cies, particularly in terms of misuse. The aim mus: always be to cover the significant hazards under nor- mally expected conditions of use. A table of suggested precautionary statements i shown on p. 8 (Table 1). With the data on a particula product available, this table is of help in selecting th wording most appropriate for the label. Regular us of Table 1 will aid greatly in thc phrase uniformit: which is so desirable in precautionary labeling. Table 1 is esscntially the same as the one that aF pcars in the MCA h4anual L-1. It is used in essential1 this form in a systcm set up by the Chemical Industrie Association (G.B.). In using Table 1, consider the columns from left ! right. First, determine the one or more hazard clssc involved. Evaluate these according to the degree severity. Then, and only then, should the second c o l m be considered. -_ In the second column, it is not intended that aU II .< - 8 AhiERlCAN PETROLEUhl INSTITUTE PRECAUTIONARY LABELS .. . 9 phrascs will be used. Only the one or two which most accuratcly state &e risk should be chosen for label use. This seicction must be made to alert and inform the user. He should not have to discriminate behveen two or more phrascs of kimdar import. \\%en discreet use of the first two columns has been made, theJast two may be consulted. With the guideposts set, the details of the action to be avoided or action to bc taken can be selected. Here again, not all the phrases should be used. One or two of them wilI adequately inform the reader of the label. If the selection is made carefuliy, the reader's comprehension will be morc complete and his response more effective. Table 1 is simply a guide for selection of precau- tionary statements. There may be many instances in which the illustrative statements will not be applicable or will require rephrasing. I n such cases, suitable statements should be evolved to reflect accurately the knowledge of the manufacturer or past experience in the use of the p r o d x t . The specimen labels prepared by the API Committee on Precautionary Labeling will be help- ful. Precautionary statements as presented in this bulletin should be used in addition to, or in combination with, any wording required by law. Individual statutes, regulations, or ordinances may require that particular information be included in a label or that a specific label be d i k e d to a container. Typical of such laws and replations are Public Law 86-613, Federal Hazxdous Substances Labeling Act and similar state and municipal legislation; Federal Insecticide, .Fungicide and Rodenti- cide Act and similar state requirements; and Department of Transportation Rules and Amendments. The labels illustrated in Section VI11 are based on domestic requirements. For use in countries other than the USA, local labeling regulations and directives should be consulted. In each case the requirements of such laws should be studied. When shipments are made for export, the precaution- ary label statements are required in the officiallanguage of the country. In some cases this may require more than one language. I n addition, symbols may be re- quired. A number of states and cities have enacted laws governing the labeling of hazardous substances within their jurisdiction. Interested persons should write to the appropriate agency for information concerning these laws. It should be noted, however, that under the amend- ments to the Federal Hazardous Substances Act by the Child Protection Act of 1966, Congress preempted all laws of the states and political subdivision relating to precautionary labeling for household use. I n effect then, all labeling requirements are uniform throughout the 50 states insofar as meeting the minimum requirements of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. Any state, or political subdivision could impose additional requirements; Le., a state could, at its discretion, ban the sale of a product which would not be banned under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, if properly labeled. V. LABEL COXTENT TICcomponcnts of an acceptable precautionary label were earl)- set forth in Manual L-1,Guide 10 Precau- (iorinry Labeling o f Hazardous Chemicals, published by thc Ylanufacturing Chemists' Association, Inc. ( M C A ) . Thcsc componcnts have been included in numerous state laws and regulations and are essentially those used in Public Law S6-613, Federal Hazardous Substances Act and Amendments. The same requirements appear in the model state regulation adopted by the International Association of Government Labor Officials (IXGLO). Tlic CIicmical Industries Association (G.B.) recognized similar labcl makeup in its publication Marking Conruiners (latest edition). The Chemical Specialties Manufacturing Association has poblishcd a compilation of labeling laws and regulations for hazardous substances. Precautionary statements are preferably grouped to- gether in a prominent site on the label. They should be .printed in casily Icgiblc type which is in contrast by typography, layout, or color with othcr printed mattcr on h e Inbcl. The label should bc affixed securely to and be in a conspicuous placc on the container. Certain laws and regulations specify label location and typc sizes. In each case, the requirements of such laws and rcgulntions should bc follo\vcd. For examplc. the Fedcral I33zardOUS Substances Rcplations require thnt thc typc be of 3 S I X bearing a rcxonable relationship to thc otfier type on thc main panel. The signal word, including the word poison, if required, shall be not less than 18 points Caps. and that the statement of hazards not less than 12 points Caps. The other items of label information must be no less than 10 points type. In the case of household containers, too small to accommodate thcse type sizes, reduction can be made to a size no smaller than is necessary and never smaller than 6 point type. The API Committee on Precautionary Labeling finds no needed change in these components of precautionary labels for petroleum products. The committee has agreed that the following are necessary in a proper label. Name of ILC Product In addition to any trade name used, the chemical or commonly recognized generic name of the container contents should be given. In mixtures, the chemical or generic name of the hazardous components must also be given. This is a means of identification and should be presented as dearly as possible. S i g d Word The signal word commands the user's attention and designates the degree of h a r d . The words used are DANGER! WARNING! and CAUTION! in descending order of seriousness of risk. .. .. 10 AhlERlCAN PETROLEUhi INSTITUTE Statement of Hazard A brief, accurate, a5rmative statement of the major hazard(s) should be given. It should be in the correct order of prominence to indicate the nature and severity of the potential risks. Careful selection is necessary to present this information in the most effective, understandable Ganncr. Prccnutionnry Neasures The precautions should be stated in the same order as the statemcnts of hazard. The statement of hazard(s) need not be repeated under precautionary measures. Actions to be followed and to be avoided should both be includcd. Emcrgcncy Action and/or First Aid Where advisable, brief, simple instructions for emcrgcncy treatment should be included. Inasmuch as these actions should be suitable for execution in all circumstances, they should be simple and based on both sound practice and the materials commonly and quickly obtainable. The primary purposes of all precautionary labels are to prevent injury and avoid damage. Instructions may include those instances where the results of contact or exposure are severe and where immediate action is desirable. Instructions for specific medical treatment should be omitted, except where required by law or indicatcd by special cir&mstances. Becausk of the possible serious and lasting effects of eye injury, a reconirncndation to get prompt medical attention should accompany most instructions directed to emergency treatment of the eyes. Container IimdIing, Storage 5- Spill Cleanup Insuuctions for safe container handling, storage and cleanup of spills should be a part of the precautionary label whcn indicated. This may include care in removing contents, if this be needed. This information may comprise a separate label or bc combined with the components previously mentioned. "Poison" Usage Thc inclusion of the word "Poison" with the skull and crossbones on a label shall be limited to those products which are poisons as described by definition $21, or where such use is prescribed by law. If used, this lcgcnd should bc in addition to other label statements. I t does not take the place of the signal word, "Danger," designated to show the degree of hazard. Whcn the nature of a hazardous substance requires thc word "Poison," thc label should include a statement of the prcfcrrcd emcrgcncy action. This emergency action varies with the substance. If a statcmcnt of emergency action is considered necessary or requircd by 131v, the words "First Aid-Antidote" should appear in thc I ~ b c l t.ogcthcr with thc prefcrrcd or requircd action. _______________-_-----------. PROLONGED OR REPEATED S K I N CONTACT MAY CAUSE IRRITATION OR MORE SERIOUS S K I N 0 1 s . ORDER. IF CONTACT IS UNAVOIDABLE. W E A R A P PROPRIATE OIL-IMPERVIOUS UOTHING. DO NOT BREATHE MIST OR FUMES. CLOTHING SOAKED WITH THIS OIL SHOULD B E REMOVED A N 0 LAUNDERED BEFORE REUSE. -----( 51 IN C A S E OF SKIN CONTACT. PROMPTLY W U H THOROUGHLY WITH S O A P A N D WATER. Labeling of Esperimental Products A nondescriptive code designation or trade name is not acceptable as the soIe designation of a potentially hazardous product unless it is also marked "Experimental Product-Toxicological Properties Not Fully Investigated." Even when the latter is included, the label should clearly state any known hazards, e.g., "Flammable Liquid," "Contains Chlorinated Hydrocarbons," or `Torrosive to Skin." An example of a possible label is shown as foliows: (11 (Name or description of product) F O R INVESTIGATIONAL USE ONLY (2) - (3) (4 1 (5) IMPORTANT! Thc chemical, physical, and toxicological propcrtics of this product have not bccn fully investigated and its handling or use may (be hazardous) (present additional hazards). EXERCISE DUE CARE. S . Jones 619 42nd St. Ncw York, N.Y. 10017 In the blank spaces should bc inserted the (1 ) nnme of product, ( 2 ) appropriate signal word, ( 3 ) statement of known hazards, ( 4 ) approprim precautionary measures, and ( 5 ) appropriate emergency action and/or. first aid instructions in case of contact or cxposure. .. PRECAUTIONARY LABELS .. 11 --q VI. AEROSOL COETAIII'ERS Widcsprcad use of aerosols in metal cans both by All aerosol containers should bear the following label: industry and in thc household makes their appropriate WARNING! Contents under pressure. Do not punc- d...' IJbeiing 3 major conccm. These cans contain materials ture or incinerate container. Do not expose to heat or under considerable pressure, and their handlins and store at temperatures above 120F. Keep out of the storage should rcccivc more attention than the ordinary reach of children. scaled caff. If the product has additional hazards, other appro- priate precautionary labeling is also required. VII. FLMtI3IABILITY CLASSIFICATION Tablc 1, p. 8, differs from that of the MCA and the National Fire Protection Association in its classification of flammability in terms of flash point. Experience of the American Petroleum Institute indicates that the third or lowest hazard class of flammability, Le., above 80 F to 150 F, inclusive, flash point, is too broad. This rangc includes domestic heating oil, for example, which does not require precautionary labeling, bo!h in view of its history as an article of commerce and in accordancc with the true purpose of -allprecautionary labeling. In contrast, the committee believes the range needing attention is above 8 0 F but not above 120F. This includes products such as Stoddard solvent, a widely used cleaning solvent. The volatility of materials in this range is such that care is needed in handling these petroleum products. VIII. API SPECIMEN LABELS The American Petroleum Institute and its Committee on Precautionary Labeling make no claim that the precautionary labels set forth in this bulletin comply with any particular statute, ordinance, or regulation; nor do they make m y representation as to their sufficiency. Individual statutes, regulations, or ordinances may require that particular information be included in a label or that a specific label be affixed to a container. In each case, the statutory requirements should be observed. The precautionary labels suggested in this bulle- tin may be used in addition to, or in combination uith, any other such labels. The labels shown herein are illustrative only and should not be construed as standard or mandatory. No attempt has been made to conform with any statutory requirements governing type size and format. However, the sequence of the various statements is in accordance with good labcling practice. Some materials are sold both as industrial and household products. If a product is classified as a household product, certain statements are mandatory. For such products, both labels are shown. .. .-' 13 AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE .. .. INDUSTRIAL -\ AROMATIC NAPHTHA Contains over 40% aromatic hydrocarbons / ' DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE VAPOR HARMFUL KEEP A'WAY FRO!.! HEAT, SPARKS, AND OPEN FLAME. KEEP CONUINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROL0:;GED GREATHINC OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKItJ CONTACT. ___._. For Aromatic Naphtha having flash paint 2CF or below TOC. * Minimum volume sumcity for aromatic naphtha label. Actual wrcentaqe may be stated. HOUSEHOLD. AROMATIC NAPHTHA Contains over 40% aromatic hydmca*ons DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED VAPOR HARMFUL KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AN0 OPEN FLAME. I F SWALLOWED. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. CALL PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. _______________KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. __________.__ Fer Aromatic Naphtha having flash point 20F or below TOC. Minimum volume quantity fcr aromatic naphtha label. Actual pntrntage may be statcd. I f product contains 5 % (I*;) or more of bcnlrne. use household label for benzene. I f product contains 10% lUr0 or more of toluene or xylene, use houvhold label for toluene or xylene. -INOUSTRIAL AROMATIC NAPHTHA Contains over 40% aromatic hydrocarbons WARNING! FLAMMABLE VAPOR HARMFUL KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AN0 OPEN FLAME. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLOIIGEO BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOIO PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. ________________________________________----.---------------------------------- For Aromatic Naphtha havtrq flash point above 20 F but no( above 60 F TOC. hlinimum volume quantity fcr aromatic naphtha label. Actual pcrccntage may be statcd. HOUSEHOLD AROMATIC NAPHTHA Contains over 40% aromatic hydrocarbons 0 DANGER! FLAMMABLE HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED VAPOR HARMFUL KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AND OPEN FLAME. I F SWALLOWED, DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. CALL PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. ._______________________________________--------------------------------------- For Aromatic Naphtha having flash point abon 20 F but not abon 80 F TOC. Minimum volume quantity l o r aromatic naphtha label. Actual perccntaqe may be statcd. I f Froduct Contains 57. ( w 0 or more of benrrne. use household label for benxcne. If pruduct contains 10% ( w 0 or more of toluene or xylene, use household label for toluene or xylene. INOUSTRIAL HOUSEHOLD AROMATIC NAPHTHA AROMATIC NAPHTHA Contains over SOY. aromatic hydrocrabons Contains over 40% aromatic hydrocnbons CAUTION: COMBUSTIBLE DANGER! HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AN0 OPEN FLAhlE. COMBUSTIBLE AVOIO PROLOKGEO BREATHING OF MIST O R VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATEO SKIN CONTACT. I F SWALLOWED, 00 NOT INDUCE VOMITING. CALL PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. _________.________________.___._____K_EEP_A.W_AY--FR.O-M--HE-A-T-A-N-D-O-P-EN--F-LA-M-E-. -----.-------------. For Ammatic Naphtha having flash point above 80 F but not abore 120 F TOC or l q a l rmuirrment. = Minmum volume quanlity for aromatic naphtha label. Actual percentage may be sutcd. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF MIST OR VAPOR. AVOIO PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. ________.._K--E_-E_-P---O-U-.T -.OF---T-H--E---R-E--A-C-H---O--F--C--H-I-L-D--R-E--N-.-------.------.------- For Aremalac Naphtha having (lash Pin1 W e 80 F but not above 120 F T o t 01 l q a l rrqulremrnt. Minimum volume quantity for aromatic naphtha label. Actual percentaqe may be stated. II prduct contains 5 % ( w l l or more d bcnzrne. use housc.hold label lor benxene. If oroaucl contains 10% ( w l l or more of iolurne or xylene, use housenoid l a b e l for toluene or xylene. _ .. .''-)' PRECAUTION A RY LABELS INDUSTRIAL AROMATIC PETROLEUM OIL CAUTION! MAY BE HARMFUL TO SKIN pR0~9:)'::Eo OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT MAY CAUSE IRRITATION OR hlORE SERIOUS SKIN DISORDERS. IF COST:CT Is UNAVOIDABLE, WEAR APPROPRIATE OIL- IMPERVIOUS CLOTHING. 0 0 ~ I r o TBREATHE MIST OR FUMES. IN C l S E O F S K I N COftTACT, PROhlPTLY WASH THOROUGHLY W I T H SOAP AND WATER. CLOTHING SOILED WITH THIS OIL SHOULD BE REMOVED A i l 0 IJUNOERED BEFORE REUSE. .. . 13 INDUSTRIAL BENZENE (BENZOL) Y DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE VAPOR HARMFUL KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AND OPEN FLAfAE. W NOT B R U T H E VAPOR (OR hllST). KEEP COIXAINER CLOSED. USE ONLY WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATEO SKIN CONTACT. 9POISON FIRST AID: I F INHALED REMOVE TO FRESH AIR. I F NOT BREATHING. GIVE ARTiFlClAL RESPIRATION, PREFERABLY IdOUTH-TO-htOUTH. IF BREATHING IS DIFFICULT, GlVE OXYGEN. CALL A PHYSICIAN. HOUSEHOLD BENZENE [BENZOL) x DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE VAPOR HARMFUL HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AND OPEN F U M E . DO NOT BREATHE VAPOR (OR MIST). KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE ONLY WITH ADEQUATE YENTILATION. I F SWALLOWED. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. CALL PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. POISON FIRST AID: IF INHPLED, REMOVE TO FRESH AIR. IF r i o i BMROEUATTHH-ITNOG.~OGUIVTEH.ARITFIFBICRIEAALTRHEINSGPIRIASTIODINF'FICPULRTE, FERAGBIVLEY OXYGEN. CALL A PHYSICIAN. Now: Household Products containing 5% or m e by weight of benxene musl be h t e l e d as illustrated. INDUSTRIAL :t CALCIUM SULFONATES I I I A c l i r c calcium SulfOnllU 23% or more and 25 total base number (TEN) or less e ~ c e p t i f animal testing indicates no eye damage.) .i: CONTAINS CALCIUM SULFONATES. DANGER! CAUSES EYE BURNS AVOID CO!ITACT WITH EYES. IN CASE OF CONTACT, FLUSH IMMEOIATELY WITH \'IdTCR FOR AT L U S T 15 IolIWUTES AND GET MEDICAL ATTENTION. INDUSTRIAL CALCIUM SULFONATES (Actire u l c i u m sulfonates belcw 23:'.) CONTAINS CALCIUM SULFONATES. WARNING! CAUSES EYE IRRITATlON AVOID COfJTLCT WITH EYES IN CLSE CF COIITACT, FLUSH IMMEDIATELY WITH W A T F R FOR AT L U S T 15 MINUTES AND GET MEDICAL ATTENTION HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS CONTAINING CALCIUM SULFONATES (Eye irritation lesb are the final answer in d r l m l n i n q whether l a b l i n g is rwuwed. The following wording is suwuted for prwuns containing active calcium sullonatn causing eye irrilation.) CONTAINS CALCIUM SULFONATES. WARNING! CAUSES EYE IRRITATION AVOID CONTACT WITH EYES. I N CASE OF CONTACT, FLUSH IMhlEOlATELY WITH WATER FOR AT LEAST 15 MINUTES AND GET MEDICAL ATTENTION. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. -. INDUSTRIAL CUTTING OIL* ')' . CAUTION! PROLONGED CONTACT MAY , CAUSE SKIN IRRITATION WASH SKIN THOROUGHLY WITH SOAP-AND WATER A f l E R PROLONGED SKI?; CONTACT. AVOID rJCPEATED WEARING OF CLOTHING SOAKED WITH FLU10 O R OIL. AVOID PROLONGEO BREATHING OF SPRAYS OR MIST. ______________________._________________----------..----------------------.---= Chemical lype coolanlr may r q u i r c modification of this label. INDUSTRIAL GASOLINE * CONTAINS LEAD ANTIKNOCK COMPOUNDS FOR USE AS MOTOR FUEL ONLY DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AN0 OPEN F U M E . AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. .______________________________.________---------------------------.------------ f o r leaded qasoline. -HOUSEHOLD CUTTING OIL CAUTION! PROLONGED CONTACT MAY CAUSE SKIN IRRITATION WASH SKIN THOROUGHLY W l T H SOAP AND WATER AFTER PROLONGEO SKIN CONTACT. AVOID REPEATED WEARING OF CLOTHING SOAKED WITH FLU10 OR OIL. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF SPRAYS OR MIST. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. HOUSEHOLD GASOLINE * CONTAINS LEAD ANTIKNOCK UlMWUNDS FOR USE AS MOTOR FUEL ONLY DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED DO NOT USE OR STORE NEAR HEAT. SPARKS OR OPEN FUME. IF SWALLOWED, 00 NOT INDVCE VOMITING. CALL PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. _--.-._--_K_-E_-E_P___-O.U-T--O.F.T-H.E--R--E-A-C-.H -O-F---C.H-IL-D--R--E-N-.----------------..--..---.-*--- e For tradrd gardint. INDUSTRIAL GASOLINE * DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE KEEP AWAY FROhl HEAT, SPARKS, AND OPEN F U M E . AVOID PROLONGED OR REPUTED SKIN CONTACT. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. _____.________.__.____._________________----.----------.----.--.----.---------- For unleadrd gasoline. HOUSEHOLD GASOLINE * DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED 00 NOT USE OR STORE NEAR HEAT, SPARKS OR OPEN FUME. I F SWALLOWED, 00 NOT INDUCE VDhllTING. CALL PHYSICIAN IMNEDIATELY. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. .---__-_-__-K__E__E___P.O--U--T-.O.F -T.H-E-.R-E.A-C--H.O--F--.CH--IL-.OR--E-N--.----.---.-------.--..--.---- ' f o r unleadcd gasoline. PRECAUTIONARY LABELS ..-. 15 INDUSTRIAL GEAR LUBRICANT * CONTAINS (CHEMICAL NAME OF SOLVENT); .- CAUTION! VAPOR HARMFUL. V'SE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVO10 PROLONGED OR REPEATED BREATHING OF VAPOR. _ _ _ _K*E_EP_C_ON_TA_IXE_R CLOSED. ____ _ _ _ _ _ _ . - - . - - - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - - . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ . _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ F a Gear Lubricant that ConLaim a Hazardcur Volalile SdrCnt. INDUSTRIAL KEROSINE CAUTION! COMBUSTIBLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AN0 OPEN FLAME. AVOID PROLONGED BRUTHING OF MIST OR VAPOR. AVOlO PROLONGEO OR REPEATED CONTACT WITH SKIN. HOUSEHOLO KEROSI N E DANGER! HARMFUL, OR FATAL, IF SWALLOWED. COMBUSTIBLE. IF SWALLOWED. 00 NOT lNDUCE VOMITING, CALL PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT OR OPEH F U M E AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF MIST OR VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPUTED CONTACT WITH SKIN. _______________K___E-E--P.O--U.T--O-F-.R-E.AC--H--O.F.C.H-IL.D-R-E--N--. -.---..----.-----.---------.---- Nae: Houuhold prodUCLl C W i n i n ) 10% Q moTc by weight of Xemine mus; be labeled as illurtntad. : -) INOUSTRIAL LEADED LUBRICANTS WARNING!' CONTAINS LEAD COMPOUNDS AVOID EXCESSIVE SKIN CONTACT. AVOID BREATHING SPRAY MIST. 00 KOT USE ON FOOO PROCESSING MAmINERY. KEEP AWAY FRC!.! ANIMALS, FEE0 OR FOOO PRODUCTS. HOUSEHOLD LEADED LUBRICANTS WARNING! CONTAINS LEAD COMPOUNDS AVOID EXCESSIVE SKIN CONTACT. KEEP AWAY FROM ANIMALS, FEED OR FOOO PRODUCTS. DO NOT USE ON FOOO PROCESSING MACHINERY. AVOID BREATHING SPRAY MIST. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. -... INDUSTRIAL METHANOL ANTIFREEZE HOUSEHOLD METHANOL ANTIFREEZE 2DANGER! POISON V 9DANGER! POISON MAY BE FATAL OR CAUSE BLINDNESS IF SWALLOWED FLAMMABLE-VAPOR HARMFUL MAY BE`FATAL OR CAUSE DLINDNESS IF SWALLOWED FLAMMABLE-VAPOR HARMFUL CONTAINS MEIHYL ALCOHOL (METHANOL). CANNOT BE MADE NON-POISONOUS. AVOID CONTACT WITH EYES. USE ONLY IN A WELL-VENTILATED AREA. KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AN0 OPEN FLAME. 00 f4OT STORE I N OPEN OR UNLABELED CONTAINERS. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. FIRST AIO: I N CASE OF CONTACT WITH EYES, FLUSH THOROUGHLY WITH WATER. IF SWALLOWED. INDUCE IsV@:IITIf:G IGIVE A TABLESPOON OF SALT I N A GLASS OF W A R M WATER]. REPEAT LlNTll VOMIT FLUID CLEAR. CALL A PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. CONTAINS METHYL ALCOHOL IMnHANOU. CANNOT DE MADE NON-POISONOUS. AVOID CONTACI WlTH EYES. USE ONLY I N A WELL-VENTILATE0 AREA. KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AN0 OPEN FLAME DO NOT STORE I N OPEN OR UNLABELED CONTAINERS. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. FIRST AID: I N CASE OF WNTACT WITH EYES FLUSH THOROUGHLY WITH WATER. I F SWALLOWED, ' IEOUCE VOhllTING (GIVE A ThBLESPOON OF SALT I N A G U S OF WARhl WATER). REPEAT UNTIL VOMIT FLUID IS C L U R . CALL A PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. e. .. .. . 16 AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE INDUSTRIAL MINERAL SEAL OIL CAUTION! AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED . CONTACT WITH SKIN AVOID PROLO'IGEO BREATHING OF MIST. c HOUSEHOLD MINERAL SEAL OIL CONTAINS PETROLEUM DISTILLATES. DANGER! HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED. I F SWALLOWED DO NOT INDUCE VOWITINC. CALL PHYSICIAN Ih:MEDlATELY. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILOREN. _____________._______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ --.--.-.--------------.--------.-----.- Note: Household ~ r o d u c l scontaining 107. or more by weight of mineral oil must be Iabcled as illustrated. -. INDUSTRIAL MINERAL SPIRITS CONTAINS PETROLEUM DISTILLATES CA UTI 0N ! C0M BU ST1BLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AND OPEN FIAhlE. AVOID PROLOCGEO BREATHING OF MIST OR VAPOR. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLO2GED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. ._________.___.._...__________.-__-_-___---------------------------------------- For hlintral Spirits wilh Rash point above 8 0 F but not above 120 F TOC or legal requirement. HOUSEHOLD MINERAL SPIRITS CONTAINS PETROLEUM DISTILIATES. ' DANGER! HARMFUL OR FATAL, IF SWALLOWED. COMBUSTIBLE. I F SWALLOWED, 00 NOT INDUCE VOhIITING. CALL PHYSICIAN I h!I;IEOIATELY. KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AND OPEN FLAME. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF hllST OR VAPOR. USE WITH ADEQUATE VEKTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPLATED SKIN CONTACT. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. _-.-__-____________.______.______ For hlineral Spirits with flash p i n 1 abort 80 F but not above 1 2 0 F TOC cr legal requirement. INDUSTRIAL PERMANENT TYPE ANTIFREEZE (Ethylene glycol antifreeze conuininq 0.01%. bul no more lhan 1% by weight sodium anenitel. WARNING! HARMFUL OR FATAL IF ' SWALLOWED DO PI01 DRINK ANTIFREEZE OR SOLUTION. I F SWALLOWED INDUCE VO~mlITING IMMEDIATELY, CALL PHYSICIAf4. ETHYLENE GLYCOL GASE CONTAINING SODIUM ARSENITE (LESS THA!I 17.). DO NOT STORE I N OPENED OR UNLABELED CONTAINERS. ANTlOOTE F O R SODIU!J ARSENITE: DlhlERCAPROL (BAL1 TO BE ADMINISTERED ONLY B Y A PHYSICIAN. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. Note: Local labtlinq rwulalions may r q u i r e this product to be labeled "Cmbortible." HOUSEHOLD PERMANENT TYPE ANTIFREEZE (Ethylene glycol antifreeze containing O.Ol$.'o, but no more than 1% by weight sodium arsenite). WARNING! HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED DO NOT DRINK ANTIFREEZE OR SOLUTION. I F SWALLOWED INDUCE VOMITING IMMEDIATELY, WLL PHYSICIAN. ETHYLENE GLYCOL BASE CONTAINING SODIUM ARSENITE (LESS THAN 1%). DO NOT STORE I N OPENED OR UNLABELED CONTAINERS. ANTIOOTE FOR SODIUM ARSENITE: DIMERCAPROL ( B A U TO BE AOMINISTERED ONLY BY A PHYSICIAN. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. Note: Local labeling rcpulations may require this product t o be labeled "Cmburtiblc." INOUSTRIAL PERMANENT TYPE ANTIFREEZE [Ethylene qlycol antifreeze containing Ins than 0.01% by wclght of sodium arrcnite.1 WARNING! HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED OD NOT DRINK ANTIFREEZE OR SOLUTION. I F SWALLOWED, INDUCE VOMITING IMMEDIATELY, CALL PHYSICIAN. ETIIYLENE GLYCOL BASE. 00 NOT STORE I N OPEN OR UNLABELED CONTAINERS. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. Nole: Loo1 Iabelinq rwulalions may r q u i r e this product to be labeled "Comburtlble." HOUSEHOLD PERMANENT TYPE ANTIFREEZE (Ethylene qlycol antifreere containing Ins than 0.01% by weiqht of M i u r n arsenite.) WARNING! HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED DO NOT DRINK ANTIFREEZE OR SOLUTION. I F SWALLOWED. INOUCE VOMITING IMMEDIATELY, CALL PHYSICIAN. OHYLENE GLYCOL BASE. DO NOT STORE I N OPEN OR UNLABELED CONTAINERS. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILOREN. Note: Local labclinq requlations may r q u i r e this product to bc labeled "Cmbusttblt." PRECAUTIONARY LABELS .I. 17 c INDUSTRIAL PETROLEUM ASPHALT CUTBACK * DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AN0 OPEN FLAME. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH AOEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLGXGEO BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLOXGEO OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. for products having flash w i n 1 of 20 F or below TOC. HOUSEHOLD PETROLEUM ASPHALT CUTBACK * DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AND OPEN FLAME. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADEPUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. ______________K__E_E-_P-__O___U___T____O___F____T_-H--E--R-E--A-C-H--O--F--C-H--IL-O-R--E-N-.--------------- * For products having flash m i n t of 20 F or b c l w TOC and with the viscosity ol the product or any separated liquid being W SUS or mwt a t 100 F. PETROLEUM ASPHALT CUTBACK * DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AND OPEN FLAME. IF SWALLOWEO. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. CALL PHYSICIAN IhlMEOIATELY. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOlO PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. For products having flash point of 20 F or below TOC and with lhc viscosity d lhe product or any separated liquid king less than 150 SUS a t 100 F. INOUSTRIAL PETROLEUM ASPHALT CUTBACK * WARNING! FLAMMABLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT SPARKS, AND OPEN FLAME. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADEOUATE VEtJTlLATIOI. AVOID PROLOfltED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. HOUSEHOLD PETROLEUM ASPHALT CUTBACK * WARNING! FLAMMABLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AN0 OPEN FLAME. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH AOEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. ---_-_________-__.____________ * For products having flash Point a b a c 20 F to SO F inclusive TOC, and with t h t viscosity of the prMUC1 or any separated liquid bemg 150 SUS or more I: 100 F. PETROLEUM ASPHALT CUTBACK * DANGER! FLAMMABLE HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, AND OPEN F U M E . IF SWALLOWEO 00 NOT INDUCE VOMITING. CALL PHYSICIAN IMUEDIATELY. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPUTED SKIN CONTACT. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. .---.__.____________-__..--.--..._.___ ' For products harang flash wint above 20 F to 80 F inclusive TOC. and *Ilk the viscosity of [he product Q an). separated llquld k i n g less 150 sus at 100 F. .I 18 AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE .. HOUSEHOLD. PETROLEUM ASPHALT CUTBACK * c INOUSTRIAL PETROLEUM ASPHALT CUTBACK * CAUTION! COMBUSTIBLE -KEEP AW.AV. F. R..O- M HE-AT AND OPEN F U M E . USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPUTED SKIN CONTACT. ______________K__E__E__P___O___U__T__-O.F--T.H.E .R.EA-C--H.O.F--C--H.IL-D--R.EN--.-.--..--.------ For pmdUC;S having flash point a b a c EO F to 120 F inclusive TOC or le@ muiremen; and with Ihe viscosity Of the PmdUC! or any srparated liquid bring E O SUS or more ar 100 F. CAUTION! COMBUSTIBLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AN0 OPEN FLAME. USE WITH AOEOUATE VEIITILATION. AVOID PROLONGEO BREATHING OF VAPOR. PETROLEUM ASPHALT CUTBACK * - - AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. - - - - ____________________________D_AN._G_ER_!_H_A_R_M_FU_L_O-R-.F-A-T--A-L-I.F--S-W-A--L-L-O-W--E-D---------- Fer products b v i n q flash point a b a e Bo F to EO F inclusire TOC or 1-1 re- auirrmrnt. COMBUSTIBLE I F SWALLOWED, OD NOT lNDUCE VOMITING. CALL PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AN0 OPEN FLAME. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. ______._____K__E__E__P_.O_U__T__O_F_.T_H_E__R__E_A_C__H__O-F---C-H-.IL-D-R-.EN--. ---..--.--..-------------- * For products having flash point above 80 F I O 120 F inclusive TOC or legal rwuirrmcnt and with the vixoslty of the product or a w separated liquid being less Oun 150 SUS a t 100 F. INDUSTRIAL ;,:::.-;.:.';) PETROLEUM NAPHTHA * ...-..._. I , . _. :\ I. DANGER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE KEEP AWAY FRO!.! HEAT. SPARKS, AND OPEN FLAME. KEEP C0f:TAINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADEOUATE YENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGEO BREATHING OF VAPORS. ______________.AV__O__1__0__P__R_O_L__O_N_G__E_D___O_R__-R-E--P-E--A-T-E--D---S-K-I.N--C--O-N--T-A--CT. For products with a flash point cf 20 F or below TOC. HOUSEHOLD PETROLEUM NAPHTHA * DAN GER! EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED KEEP AWAY FROM H U T , SPARK AND OPEN FLAME. I F SWALLOWED, DO NOT INDUCE VOhlITINC; CALL PHYS[CIAN IMMEOlATELY. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSEb. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTIUTIDN. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. _.___________K__E__E__P_--O--U-T.-O-F-.R-E.A-C.H.O.F.C-H--I-L.DR--E-N--.-----.----.--.-.----------.----- .;;. :] INDUSTRl AL PETROLEUM NAPHTHA * HOUSEHOLD PETROLEUM NAPHTHA * WARNING! FLAMMABLE DANGER: FLAMMABLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT. SPARKS AN0 OPEN F U M E . HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED KEEP COIlTAlNER CLOSEO. USE WITH ADEQUATE VEBTILATION. AVOID PROLOfIGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARK AND OPEN F U M E . I F SU'ALLOH'EO, 00 NOT INDUCE VOMITING; CALL PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. _ _ AVOID ___ PROLONGED OR __.___ REPEATED ._._. SKIN ._ CONTACT. .___ . _ _ . _ _ . _ f . ~ . . . . . _KUES.EE_PWC_ITOHN_TAAD_INEEQ_RUA_CTLEO_SVEEO_N. T_IUT_ION_. . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ ~ For products wllh a fldsh w l n t above 20 F t o 80 F inclusive TOC. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. .._.___.__.---_..__..------..-.------..---.-..---....-..----..--.-.----------- * For producu with a flash poinl above 20 F to Eo F i d u s i v e TOC. INOUSTRIAL PETROLEUM NAPHTHA * PRECAUTIONARY LABELS I __. . HOUSWOLD PETROLEUM NAPHTHA * 19 CAUTlON! COMBUSTIBLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AN0 OPEN F U M E . USE WITH ACEPUATE VENTILATION. AVOlO PROL0I:GEO BREATHING OF MIST OR VAPOR. A V Z S PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTAff. ___.____________________.___________.___-----------.------------------------.-- a Fer Frcducls bath a flash point above @F. buIt no1 above 120 F TOC or legal requirement. DANGER! HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED COMBUSTIBLE I F SWALLOWED. DO NOT INOUCE VOMITING; CALL PHYSICIAN If~lhlEOIATELY. KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AN0 OPEN FLAME. USE WITH AOEPUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF MIST O R VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. F a products with a flash point a b a c BO'F, but not above 120 F TOC w I@ muirrment. INOUSTRIAL SODIUM SULFONATES (OIL SOLUBLE) (Active sodium sulfonates 12% or more.) (Ere irrttaticn t e s t s a r t the final answer in determining whether labeling i s rcguircd. The fcllowinq xoraing i s suggested for prtmucls containing aclire r scdium sulfonates causing eye damage:) CONTAINS S001UM SULFONATES -1 DANGER! CAUSES EYE BURNS ' '> L AVOID CONTACT WITH EYES. I N CASE OF COllTACT. FLUSH IMMEDIATELY WITH WATER FOR AT LEAST IS MINUTES AND GET MEDICAL ATTENTION. INOUSTRIAL SODIUM SULFONATES (OIL SOLUBLE) (Acttre sodium sulfonates 5 to 12%) (Eye i r r t t a l m tests are the final answcr in determining whether labeling i s reouired. The folloning wording i s Suggested for producls containing Sulfo. nates causing eye irritation:) CONTAINS SODIUM SULFONATES WARNING! CAUSES EYE IRRITATION AVOlO CONTACT WITH EYES. I N CASE OF CO!lTACT. FLUSH IMhlEOIATELY WITtl WATER FOR AT L U S T 15 hllNUTES AN0 GET MEDICAL ATTENTION. HOUSEHOLD PETROLEUM PRODUCTS CONTAINING SODIUM SULFONATES (OIL SOLUBLE] (Eye irritation lests are the final a n w r in determining wkelher labeling is required. The followin? wording is sug9ested for products containing actire sodium sullonatn causing eye damage:) CONTAINS SODIUM SULFONATES WARNING! CAUSES EYE IRRITATION AVOID CONTACT WITH EYES. I N CASE OF CONTACT. FLUSH IMMEDIATELY WITH WATER FOR AT L U S T 15 LllWUTES AN0 GET f2EOICAL ATTENTION. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. INDUSTRIAL STODDARD SOLVENT CAUTION! COMBUSTIBLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AND OPEN FLAME. USE WITH AOEPUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGEO EREATHINC OF MIST OR VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. HOUSEHOLD STODDARD SOLVENT DANGER! HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED COM BU ST1BLE I F SWALLOWED, 00 NOT INDUCE VOhllTING; CALL PHYSICIAN IMMEOIATELY. KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AN0 OPEN FLAME. USE WITH AOEPUATE VENTIIATION. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHIRG OF hllST OR VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. I* . :-r. .* .. .. 2--0 AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE I N D U S l R lA L TOLUENE (TOLUOL) WARNING! FLAMMABLE VAPOR HARMFUL KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS AND OPEN FLAhlE. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADECUATE VENTILATION. AVOID mOLCNGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. HOUSEHOLD TOLUENE (TOLUOL) * DANGER! FLAMMABLE VAPOR HARMFUL HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS AND OPEN FLAME. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. USE WITH ADEPUATE VEMTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAWR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. I F SWALLOWED, DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING; CALL PHYSICIAN IMhlEDIATELY. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREP. 0 Household products containing 1 0 % or mere by weight cf toluene must be labeled as illustrated. INDUSTRIAL XYLENE (XYLOL)* HOUSEHOLD XYLENE * (XYLOL) ** WARNING! FLAMMABLE - DANGER! FLAMMABLE VAPOR HARMFUL VAPOR HARMFUL KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS AND OPEN FLAME. HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. KEEP AWAY FRO1 HEAT, SPARKS AND OPEN FLAME. USE WITH ADEPUATE VENTILATION. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED. AVOID PROLOXED BREATHING OF VAPOR. USE WITH ADEPUATE VENTILATION. ___AV_OID_PR_OL_0I;G_ED _OR_RE_PU_TE_D S.K_IN _CON_TAC_T. __~.----..---.---AA-VV-OOII-DD -PPR-ROO-LLOO-NN-GGE-EDD.OB-RR-ERA-ETP-HEIA.NTG-ED-OFS-KV-IAN-POC-RO.-NT-AC-T.-.--------------- Flash goint EO F, 01 bel?. IF SWALLOWED. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING; CALL PHYSICIAN IMhlEDIATELY. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. f Household products containing 10% or more by wriqht of xylene must k h k l c d as illustrated. a Flash point EO F or below. INDUSTRIAL XYLENE (XYLOL) * WARN1NG! COMBUSTIBLE VAPOR HARMFUL KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AND OPEN FLAME. USE WITH ADEPUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. .______-____--------_____________.______---------------------------------------- Flash p i n t abcre 80 F. HOUSEHOLD XYLENE * (XYLOL) ** DANGER! HARMFUL OR.FATAL IF SWALLOWED VAPOR HARMFUL COMBUSTIBLE IF SWALLOWED, 00 NOT INDUCE VOMITING: CALL PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY. KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT AND OPEN F U M E . USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT. .___--___._K_.EE--P__.O_U--T.O--F--T-H--E---R.E.AC--H.O-F---C.H-I-L-D.R.EN--.----------.-.-.--..---.----.-.- a H w x h e l d products containing 10% or mom by w i s h 1 of xylene must be labalrd as illustraird. * * Flask point a b w 80 F. PRECAUTIONARY LABELS .- 21 c API CO313rITTEE ON PRECAUTIONARY LABELING1969 W. E. Chalfant. Atlantic Richfield Company I. T. Fritz, British Petroleum Oil CorpGation J. W. Hale, Phillips Petroleum Company J. W. Hammond, Humble Oil 6:Refining Company A. C. Pabst, Mobil Oil Corporation R. E. Rutherford, Gulf Oil Corporation J. A. Spence, Standard Oil Company of California H. H. Zuidema, Shell Oil Company ....=-A-