Document BR7dXpy4k4a04OknZo1zayeXm

CURRENT REPORT ^ --J-: 1267 Mice, rats, and hamsters in the Maltoni study were expos- . Imperial Chemical Industries of Great Britain, Solvay of ed to various levels of vinylidine chloride through inhalation Belgium, and the Italian Government. beginning with 10 parts per million parts of ajrfor up to one,; year, according to Hammond. Kidney cancer developed In ' some of the mice at an exposure level of 25 ppm but did not, Diving Operations appear in rats and hamsters, Hammond reported- At higher doses the mice died before getting cancer. Maltoni also exposed mice for two years without ill effects ; ARTHUR YOUNG ARGUES PROPOSAL WILL NOT AFFECT ENERGY SUPPLY to 10 ppm of vinylidine chloride, which Perry GChring of Dow said is more than the exposure" level received by Dow The United States' energy supply'wUl not be significantly affected by any price increases in commercial diving caused employees working with the chemical nowv by the Occupational Safety and. Health Administration's "If people were exposed to kidney damage, it would have come out by now; it's obviously not carcinogenic," Gehring, director of toxicology research at Dow, said He explained proposed standard for that industry, according to the post hearing comments of Arthur Young and Company. Arthur Young and Company filed its comments in response that 130 employees, some of them with histories of exposure to criticism of the inflation impact assessment' it prepared dating back to 1944 and levels up to 75 ppm of vinyUdine for OSHA on that agency's proposed standard for conimer- chloride, were studied and "the tests have been negative, no: cial diving operations. (Current Report, February 17, p. health problems." 1210). , Gehring emphasized that in Maltoni's study no cancer Info Works, a Louisiana consulting firm Hired by the appeared in the rats and hamsters, which, be said, agreed' Association of Diving Contractors, said during OSHA's with results of a nearly finished Dow study that exposed rats public hearing on the proposal in New Orleans, La., that to levels of 25 ppm and 75 ppm of vinylidine chloride "with price increases caused by tbe proposed standard's re no pathological or carcinogenic damage." quirements would affect the U.S. energy supply. Commer "A key factor is that the effect was seen only in mice," Gehr cial divers are employed in the exploration and exploitation ing said. Although the Dow study does not include exposure , , ..of off-shore energy suppUes. to mice, Gehring said the company probably would wish to , . Arthur Young stated that "the demand for commercial Investigate the metabolism of vinyUdine chloride in mice. , diving is relatively inelastic, particularly In the energy supply Asked about the possiblUty of vinyUdine chloride leaching sector." The'`company argued that "the user industries into food from plastic wrap, Gehring said testing, accurate to one-to-five parts pdr bilUon, showed a complete absence Of would not diminish their use of the services as the price in creased." the chemical in food packaged in plastic containing vinyUdine chloride. "There 1$ absolutely no hazard to the consumer," he said. "Underweter Welding Chicago Bridge and Iron Company, Houston, Tex., declared "a strong objection" to any prohibition of AG un Recommended Action* derwater welding. The proposed standards do not include Sellkoff, who is director of the Environmental Science Laboratory at Mt. Sinai, said the industry should take note of Maltoni's findings and look for ways to reduce contact by workers and consumers with the chemical; "I am strongly convinced that this wifi"prove possible," Selikoff said. To protect the worker hexuggested the possibiUty of using dosed systems in production and dted past success with vinyl chloride. As forThe use of plastic wrap containing vinyUdine such a prohibition, but, according to this company, ` `interested parties are now proposing to prohibit AC welding underwater." Miller Electric Manufacturing Company; Appleton, Mass., also argued against prohibiting AC welding underwater. The company's vice president wrote that "to infer that DC is safe and AC is lethal is a gross oversimplification." The company manufactures equipment used in AC underwater welding. chloride and the consumption of plastic-wrapped food, "the problem here lies with the residual monomer and whether it leaches into the food," Selikoff said. "Our experience with vinyl chloride is that this problem, too, can be solved," he added. Lawrence Garfinkel, assistant vice president of the American Cancer Society in New York, suggested that "the next step is to get the government representatives to follow through." Representatives who attended the medical con ference with Maltoni, Hammond, Selikoff, and others includ ed officials from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Roscoe M. Moore, technical evaluation chief, NIOSH, said Shallow Water Diving Several companies submitted comments similar to the statement of Northwest Divers Supply, Inc., Coos Bay, Ore., which said, "As admitted by OSHA, compliance with the proposed safety standard will force some shallow water div ing companies out of business. Because of this we are asking that shallow water diving companies with less than 10 fullor part-time shallow water (less than 120 feet depth and 30 minutes ascent time) divers be excluded from the safety standard." OSHA has said that it expects to issue the final standard around mid-year 1977. The period for submitting post-bear ing comments closed February 28. a fuU-scale epidemiological study to detect any excess mor tality among workers at a polymerization plant which at one time produced vinyUdine chloride wiU be launched by NIOSH Asbestos in about three months. The study at the BASF Wyandotte Corporation facility in South Kearny, N.J., was requested after preUminary in FIBERS MAY BE RELEASED IN PROCESS OF EXFOLIATION OF VERMICULITE ORE vestigations showed some liver changes in employees who Inspections of exfoliation processing of vermiculite ore worked with vinyUdine chloride. will include evaluating worker exposure to asbestos, the Oc The Maltoni research was sponsored by BASF, AG of West cupational Safety and Health Administration said after Germany, Dow Chemical Corporation's Europe division, receiving data on asbestos content in the ore. Copyright 1977 by The Bureau of National Alfairs, Inc. CUSAROSS 02594 CIS 76-1892 Effect of polycyclic hydrocarbons on macrophage t/ , * t' ( *y/ ' * yv The permissible workplace concentration (MAK) is defined, with introductory function (Policiklikus sz6nhidrognek hatisa a makrofgok funkcibira). F6y remarks, concerning the origin, object and analytical determination of TLVs, E., Kert^sz M. Eg6szs6gtudominy Budapest Hungary, 1976, Vol.20, No.1, limits exceeded, mixtures of substances, allergic symptoms and skin absorp p.84-93. Illus. 33 ref. (In Hungarian) tion. The list of some 360 substances with chemical formula and MAK in ppm After a single application of benzo(a)pyrene, benz(a)anthracene, methylcholanthrene and perylene, the changes occurring in the function of alveolar and peritoneal macrophages were studied in vitro. All inhibited phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by alveolar macrophages obtained from rabbit lungs, as well as the migration of the peritoneal macrophages from guinea pigs. They increased the acid phosphatase activity of the lysosomal enzymes of the alveolar macrophages. Concerning induction of these changes, no differ ence was found between the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic polycyclic and mg/m3 is given. Certain MAKs have been modified in comparison with the 1975 list and new ones introduced. Particular attention is given ttrearttlhbgenic substances, dust organic peroxides, petrol and turpentine. In the case of carcinogens and mutagens for which a MAK value cannot be determined (asbestos, benzene, vinyl chloride), "indicative technical concentrations" (Technische Richtkonzentrationen - TRK) are given, based on technical data available and the possibilities of technical and medical prevention. 106035) hydrocarbons. Non-carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons exert functional im pairing effects. 1060091 CIS 76-1899 Effects and dose-response relationships of toxic me tals. Nordberg G.F. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, P.O. Box 211, CIS 76-1893 Vapor-phase organic pollutants - Volatile hydrocar bons and oxidation products. National Academy of Sciences. 2101 Con- Amsterdam, Netherlands, Feb. 1976. 559p. Illus. Bibl. Price: Glds.155.00. ISBN 0-444-41370-7 (In English) situation Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20418. USA, 1976. 41 Ip. Illus. These proceedings of an International Meeting organised by the Subcommit 1,364 ref. ISBN 0-309-02441-2. (In English) tee of the Toxicology of Metals of the Permanent Commission and Interna This report, mainly on environmental pollution, contains chapters on metabo lism and biological effects of vapour-phase organic compounds in mammals and an epidemiologic Bppraisal of human effects. An appendix covers toxicity data on occupational exposure to selected substances in addition to sam pling and analytical techniques. (060091 tional Association on Occupational Health, Tokyo. 18-23 Nov. 1974, com prise the general reports and contributed papers. The report covers con cepts, doses, effects and factors influencing the effects of toxic metals. Sub jects dealt with in the individual papers: basic concepts, general reviews, re views on specific metals and compounds (mercury, methylmercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic, arsenic trioxide, iron) and reviews on interactions among metals CIS 76-1894 Mechanism of the action of dichloroethane on the embryo of laboratory animals (K voprosu o mehanizme dejstvija dihlorfita- (synergism and antagonism, trace elements, and interaction of mercury, cad mium, selenium, tellurium, arsenic, beryllium). 106040) na na plod Sksperimental'nyh iivotnyhl. Vozovaja M.A., Maljarova LK. Gigiena isanitarija. Moskva. USSR. June 1975. No.6, p.94-96.8 ref. (In Russian) CIS 76-1900 The carcinogenic response in mice to the topical ap plication of propane sultone to the skin. Doak S.M.A., Simpson B.J.E., Results of research on white rats to investigate the mechanism of the action of dichloroethane on the embryo. After inhalation this substance can affect Hunt P.F., Stevenson D.E. Toxicology, Amsterdam. Netherlands, Aug.-Sep. 1976, Vol.6, NoZ p.139-154. Illus. 11 ref. (In English) the uterus and ovaries of non-pregnant females. In pregnant females it can cross the placenta barrier and be deposited in the tissue of the embryo. The authors observed high levels of dichloroethane in the embryo liver and in the females'milk. 1060111 Pmpane snltnnn was carcinogenic to three strains of mice (CFI. C3H and CBah - a hairless stramTwhen given as a single application of a 25%wt/vol so lution in toluene and also following twice weekly applications of 2.5/oWt/vol solution for up to 58 weeks. More limited exposures to 2.5%wt/vol solutions CIS 76-1895 Experimental data on the gonadotoxic effect of Nemagon (Eksperimental'nye dannye o gonadotoksiCeskom dejstvii nemagona). Reznik Ja.B., Sprintan G.K. Gigiena i sanitarija. Moskva. USSR. June 1975. No.6. p.101-102. (In Russian) resulted in few skin tumours, although the incidence was not statistically sig nificant Most neoplasms were papillomas or.carcinomas: a small number of mesenchymal tumours ot~dermal origin also developed. There was a statisti cally significant increase in systemic neoplasia in CFI and C3H mice. The ex posed CFI mice had a higher incidence of neoplasms of tymphoreticular and Nemagon (1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane) is used as a nematocide for soil : lung origin, while female C3H mice showed more mammary gland and uterine dressing in market gardening. Tests on white rats show that one-time doses i tumours. In mice exposed to beta-propiolactone as a positive control, neo- of lOOmg/kg and repeated doses of lOmg/kg have gonadotoxic effects. Dam 1 plasms developed at the site of application, but there was no increased sys age to the genital organs involves their hormonal functions and causes dys temic neoplasia in contrast to the findings with propane sultone. 106043) function of spermatogenesis and of the oestrous cycle. 106012) CIS 76-1901 Toxicokinetics of a thloquinoxaline pesticide: oxythi- CIS 76-1896 Chlorinated solvents (les solvents chlorfes). Ascher. Caisse rOgionale d'assurance maladie du Nord de la France. 11 boulevard Vauban, 59024 Lille Cedex, France. 13 May 1975.19p. 13 ref. Gratis. (In French) oquinox. (Toxicocinbtique d un pesticide du groupe des thioquinoxalines: I'oxythioquinox). Carrera G., Mitjavila S., Lacombe C.. Derache R. Toxicology, Amsterdam. Netherlands. Aug.-Sep. 1976, V0L6, NoZ p.161-171. Illus. 33 ref. (In French) Communication to the Technical Regional Committee for the Chemical Indus tries (Comit6 technique regional des industries chimiques), Lille. France. Not ing the relatively sharp rise in the number of notified cases of occupational disease due to chlorinated organic solvents (Table 12 of the Schedule of oc cupational diseases. French Labour Code), the author broadly surveys the whole question of the hazards involved in using these solvents (eczema, poi soning - often with delayed effects), citing case histories. Information on choice of protective gloves. Relevant French legislation._______ (06016) The absorption and distribution of 35S-labeiled oxythioquinox (Morestan) in the rat were studied after administration by stomach tube. Most of the oxythi oquinox transported in the body formed complexes with plasma proteins, es pecially albumins. After intravenous administration, the substance is eliminat ed very slowly. There is an equilibrium between the plasma and the peripheral compartments. After intragastric administration, there was an increase of ra dioactivity in epididymal adipose tissue, indicating that the peripheral com partment should include the adipose tissue. (06044) CIS 76-1897 Health damage due to vinyl chloride (Erkrankungen durch Vinylchlorid). Minister fur Arbeit Gesundheit und Soziales des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Horlonplatz 1. 4 DDsseldorf. Germany (Fed.Rep.), no date. 36p. Illus. (In German) | CIS 76-1902 Ophthalmic toxicology of dichloromethane. Ballan- 1 tyne B., Gazzard M.F.. Swanston D.W. Toxicology, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 1 Aug.-Sep. 1976. Vol.6. NoZ p.173-187. Illus. 10 ref. (In English) Offprint of part of the annual report of the Labour Inspectorate of Land North Rhine-Westphalia for 1974. This study conducted by the Chief Medical in spector of Labour, devoted specifically to the harmful effects of vinyl chlo ride. first summarises in tabular form the subjective and clinical symptoms ob served in 167 cases notified between 1972 and 1974, with duration of expo sure in years. Advice is given for differential diagnosis of scleroderma, acroos- teolysis. thrombocytopenia, liver damage, angiosarcoma of the liver. Safety measures are suggested: pre-employment medical examinations and regular check-ups; thrombocyte count; safety engineering; TLVs; methods for deter mination of vinyl chloride concentrations in air. Report of the results of re search in a PVC plant; research projects; production of vinyl chloride monom er and of PVC in Germany (Fed.Rep.); 5 case histories of angiosarcoma of the liver; causes of death of workers employed in PVC production, indicating type of cancer. <060201 A dose of 0.1ml dichloromethane IDCM) caused inflammation of the conjunc tiva and eyelids of rabbits, persisting for up to 2 weeks; keratitis and iritis oc curred in 2/3 of the animals. Corneal thickness (in vivo) increased by a maxi mum of 59% at 6h. returning to normal by 9 days. A smaller dose (0.01ml) pro duced similar but less persistent effects on the conjunctiva and eyelids; kera titis was minor. Corneal thickness increased by 43% at 6h, normal by 9 days. Intraocular tension increased by 33% at 1h, returning to control values by 3 days. Ten-min exposures to DCM vapour at up to U.SOOmg/m3 produced no macroscopic changes; mean peak increases in corneal thickness were 13% for 17.500mg/m3 and 5% for 1.750mg/m3; corresponding values for in creases in intraocular tension were 18% and 11%. Both effects returned to normal by 2 days. Treatment with Vasocon-A decongestant (containing an , antihistamine and an a-adrenergic sympathomimetic) reduced the inflamma- I tory response and the rise in intraocular pressure caused by a splash contami nation of the eye with liquid DCM. loeossi CIS 76-1898 Maximum allowable workplace concentrations, 1976 (Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentrationen 1976). Mitteilung XII. Committee for Testing Harmful Industrial Substances. German Research Centre (Kommission zur Priifung gesundheitsschadlicher Arbeitsstoffc, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), Kennedyallee 40. 53 Bonn-Bad G'odesberg 1. Germany (Fed.Rep.). 28 June 1976.50p. Price: DM.6.00. ISBN 3-7646-1669-5 (In Ger man) CIS 76-1903 Exposure of animals and man to toluene (Exposition av djur och manmska for toluen). Carlsson A, Lindqvist T. Arbete och halsa - Vetenskaplig sknftsene 1976:11, Arbetarskyddsverket, Stockholm, Sweden. 1976.26p Illus. 10 ref. (In Swedish) 20 rats were exposed for 60min to 1JC-labelled toluene (1,950mg/m3) in the inspired air. The largest amounts of toluene and metabolites were in the adi- 255 CUSAROSS 02595