Document B8w2wNB2y6611bVEDqgEawm5E

.TABLE B. REPORTED OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES IN CHLORINATED PHENOLS RESULTING IN HUMAN ILLNESS0 _________ Type of Effects on the Year,Place,and exposure and Effects on Neurological liver and chemical(s)_______ no. of cases____ the skin__________ effects _______ serum lipids______ Other effects _____References 1936 Michigan Production Tetrachlorophenol 21 2- (2-chlorophenyl) phenol Chloracne, hyperkeratosis Fatigue, weight loss Butler, 1937 1936 Mississippi , Wood treatTetrachlorophenol ment 300-400 Chloracne,fac ial erythema, vsicula tion, ulceration,. hyperkeratosis, hyperpIgmen tation Fatigue, colored urine, urinary problems, venous thrombosis Anonymous, 1936: Stingi 1940 1949 West Virginia Trichlorophenol 2,4,5-T Explosion 117 Production 111 1949 Germany Trichlorophenol Tetrachlorophenol Pentachlorophenol Production, Industrial Laboratory 17 Chloracne, facial erythema, hyper pigmentation, melanosis Nervousness, Hepatomegaly, ab Fatigue, weight irritability, normal liver loss, weakness, insomnia, function, toxic decreased libido, personality hepatitis, elevat impotence, Intol change,de ed triglycerides erance to cold, pression, and cholesterol increased sus headache, ceptibility to^ vertigo, pain jtnfect Inn_(-es and weakness pecially reapir- lower extrem- atory) etiea, paresis, peripheral neuro pathy, abnormal nerve biopsy (loss of myelin) Chloracne, hyperpigmentation, scarring Lower extremity Abnormal liver pain and weak- function, ness, paresis cirrhosis without atrophy, paresthesia, polyneuritis Fatigue, severe bronchitis, decreased libido, impotence, bursi tis, myoca rdla 1 damage Ashe and Suskind, 194< 1950; Suskim 1953; Suskim 1977 Baader and Bauer, 1951 1952 Germany Trichlorophenol Production 31 Chloracne, hyperpigmen tation 1953 Germany Trichlorophenol | Explosion 55 Chloracne 1956 France Trichlorophenol 1966 France Trichlorophenol 1956 New Jersey Trichlorophenol Production 17 Explosion 21 Production 29 1963 Holland `Trichlorophenol 2.4,5-T Explosion 106 Chloracne Chloracne, hyperpigmen tation, hy pertrichosis, acquired porphy ria cutanea tarda Chloracne, facial erythema Lower extremity Toxic hepatitis, pain and weak- abnormal liver nessfparesthesla, biopsy memory and con centration defi cits, sleep disturbances, hypersomnolence, abnormal psycho logical tests (apathy', dulled emotional response) Fatigue, chronic bronchitis, per sistent blepharoconjunctivitis, myocardial dam age, intolerance to alcohol Suskind, 19 Sensory impair- Toxic hepatitis ment of smell,taste, hearing; tendency to orthostatic collapse, limited paresis, peripheral neuropathy, reading difficulties Fatigue, drowsiness, bronchitis, laryn gitis, blepharoconj unctiv itis, hemorrhagic pleu ritis, myocardial damage, increased susceptibility to infection Goldman, 1 Peripheral neuropathy Toxic hepatitis, elevated tryglycerides and choles terol Dugo Is et a 1956; Dugo! et al, 1968 Clinical exam ination normal No information Abnormal liver Right upper function, abnor- quadrant pain mal liver biopsies (parenchymal cell degeneration, fluorescence) Liver function normal Fatigue Bleiberg et 1964 Vos et al, 1 1964 USSR Tr ichlorophenol 2,4,5-T Production 128 Chloracne 1968 England Explosion Trlchlorophenol ' 79 Cloracne, facial erythema 1965-1968 Czechoslovakia Trlchlorophenol Pentachlorophenol 2,4,5,-T Production 80 Chloracne, hyperpigmenta tion, hyper trichosis , scarring, ac quired porphyria cutanea tarda 1969 New Jersey Trlchlorophenol 2,4,5-T 2,4-D 1978 England Trlchlorophenol no longer in production Production 73 Followup of plant studied by Bletberg (above) Followup of 41 workers In 1968 explosion (above) 41 Chloracne in 48, hypertrichosis in 16, hyperpig mentation in 30, no overt por phyria cutanea tarda Chloracne Headache, loss of memory, somnolence, sleeplessness, Increased sweating Fatigue, joint pain, stomach pain Telegina ant Bikbulatova, 1970 Abnormal liver function Transient glyco suria, mild con junctivitis May, 1973; Jensen and Walker, 1965 Jensen et al 1972 lower extremity Hepatomegaly, ab weakness and normal liver func pain,somnolence, tion, abnormal headache, insom liver biopsies nia, emotional (mild Bteatosia, and psychiatric periportal fibro disorders, peri sis, fluorescence) pheral neuro Elevated triglyc pathy (confirmed erides, phospho by abnormal EMG'I lipids, and cholesterol Fatigue, weight loss, abnormal blucose tolerance, no evidence of myocardial or renal damage or of increased eye inflammation or respiratory in fection Jlraskek et 1964 ; Pazder. Vejlupkova e al, 1980; PazderovaVejlupkova et 1981 Lower extremity No significant weakness, corre- abnormalities lotion between chloracne and hypomania scale on MMPI Eye irritation, mild uroporphyrinuria in one worker Poland et al, 1971 (see Bleiberg et c 1964) Elevated GGT, elevated tri glycerides, elevated urinary D-gLucaric acid May, 1982 I 19A9 West Virginia Trichlorophenol 2,3,5-T 226 Followup of plant studied by Ashe and Susklnd (above) 19A9 West Virginia Trichlorophenol 2,4,5-T ' 20A Followup of plant studied by Ashe and Susklnd and Moses et al (above) Chloracne 70-residual A7-by his tory Abnormal sensory findings in those with chloracne Chloracne in 107 Actinic Elastosis 1 1976 Seveso Tr tchlorophenol No. not given ICMESA workers follow-up five years after explosiqp a Source: Moses et al, 198A Elevated GGT In those with chlorocne Decreased libido, Moses et al, sexual dysfunction 1984 History of Cl ulcer Lower pulmonary function In exposed smokers Suaklnd and Hertzberg, 1984 Elevated Aik. Phoa. Elevated urinary porphyrins Ghezzl et al, 1984 35 Table 10. Clinical Symptomology of Yusho Cases, 1969-1972.a Effects Percent Skin Acneform eruptions, distinctive hair follicles, red plaques on limbs, dark brown pigmentation of nail, skin and . mucous membranes, itching, sweating of palms. Ocular manifestation Increased eye discharge, swelling of the upper eyelids, hyperemia of- con junctives, transient visual disturb ance. Jaunidce No abnormalities of liver functions in the majority of cases. Numbness of the limbs, feeling of weak ness, spasm of the muscles Reduced sensory and motor nerve conduc tion velocity In few cases Bearing difficulties Headaches, vomiting, diarrhea Chnonic Bronchitis Lower serum Ig A and Ig M. RGB in the sputum Irregular menstrual cycles Dark brown skin pigmentation of newborn, which gradually faded away, retarded growth and abnormal teeth number and shape. ^Source: vReggiani, I960 82-87Z 83-88 10 32-39 9 18 17-39 40 60 -