Document B8Mj73rn2EQZeV72b7R12Emzw

XI3017 Ll iV / j:rf- -- ^?arattfa.vt!feui.^rti ^ Tf'lt--- *-*-*X****&. - LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION mrnBregramrrm 60 But U2nd su NEW YORK 17, N. V. t4 i* August 31, 1956 SUBJECT! ED UUP TECHMCAL LETTER BO, 11 f :~'i To Member* of the Lead Induetrie, Associations Attached la a copy of Red Leal Technical Letter So, 11, *Bccemended Surface Preparation of Steel for Red Lead Paint*.* Approximately 11,000 coplea are being distributed to individuals In the foliating groups t Paint Production Club* National Paint, Varnish and Lacquer Association National Association of Corrosion Engineer* Water and Sewage 'JarJcs Railroad* Shipyards Highway Engineer* Construction Companies Miscellaneous Additional copies of this Technical Letter are available for the use of renters upon request* Tory truly yours. [ Secretary w . 1 "J up .' JwggeawwiUBauM .'rw-i ' ujppsSReyft'e`,<P <* 1 RECOMMENDED SURFACE PREPARATION of STEEL for RED LEAD PAINTS t ag* Fownro--...................................................................... t MAKurAcnwiat or Rn Lu...................... . . . 1 Wu t Su k t ac x rnruumif..................................................3 Wh a t t o Comoa tx Snxnw a Mrntoo or Sv u t ac k Paraaat k m .......................... 4 Sc u t ag e Pu t a j u t t o m Umoa............................................ 4 Siva Pmp a iu t io m or Sim RaooMMixDO roa Red Le a s Pa o c k (Quick Reference Summary).......................................... $ 1*4 la4 ItcMol CiwlBar j LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION 40 EAST 4M STIECT NEW YOM 17, M. Y. Ha) i.j k - rrr !. B-'J UUP' | N 1988.01 "mivrn. uii i|iiy| if LU23019 Foreword TN previous Red Lead Technic*] Letters, the Red Lead Technical Committee at the Lead Industrie* Association has confined itself to the recommendation of red lead primer formulations and has left other considerations involved is painting to be secured by the user from other sources. The extreme importance, however, of surface preparation tor the proper performance of any metal protective paint, has now led the Committee to prepare the recommendations contained in this Technical Letter to aid the industrial user In getting the longest possible service life out of his point. The success or failure of a paint sytem, after all, very often depends upon he adequacy of the surface prepareboo. froper mrfact proportion cannot bo stressed too stiongfg. This Technical Letter indudea a short discussion of surface preparation to emphasize the difference* and completeness of surface contaminant removal by tba moat widely used methods. A listing of surface prepareboo requirements applicable to a number of painting condition* for which red lead primers are recommended is also included. Formulas for all the paints listed are contained fa previous Red Lead Technical Letters (these are available, at no charge, upon requeat to the Lead Industrie* Association). Inquiries regarding this Technical Letter or specific painting problems are welcome and should he addressed to the Lead Industries Association or to the designated individuals in the cooperating companies listed below. nn tasonoai c o m?a mt ............................ wa.iirf atwaiM <a ru wsatwd m stem .senm. ON__dr_ae_s_fso_a_i.k__OI_Tr_,rF_a_hla_Da_sr_dL_e_lD_p_Ut_lsl_a_4i_,_PF_St_t,t_s_Db_as_trnfhdtM, LtOnaut_fc_oC_F_*_wr_tC_A_c_C_(_oM_aso>ts..),lA-a~an4r.talTadM -Liaoras^di ad Ziac Coiapaoy. Saattla A Los Anysiaa U. So b Fraadata T. W. ?. fULLfa A COM?AMT................Ml AUsatca BAraat, Baa Freadssa IT, fir hliwUlu nil W. 4. NiHiidi f gtlM h r * Beka, Batta. Frraaa, Laa ArjrJaa, OaUaad. Fboeafa, Fortlaad (Os*.), Ii-nniaSa. SailUiCar.SaaDwfa,Srattk,Spnkaoa,Taoeaa.Tsikaa (WuM IM HMM COM?AMT................11H IMoa Casaaiarta SvtldU*. Chvslaad 14, OMa > a r. IMi as atm i)Ma Atlaata. Boats*. Kknaatnlli. No Tori, Souti HacAraaadt (K.).), Saa Ftaoekea* Adams A rin LMalo*. Odessa; Amarfesa Fuat Wotb Dtrkioo. Naw Oriaaan fi-iitJI Faiat A Vanish btvkiea. St. Look; Nabiaa Ftn* A Vasaish DtvMoa, Cfcleato; A. WlSula Gmtpaay Dtvldaa, Itaadlat; fonsdisa Dtritaa Twnatn. nina`-*i. Flsamets A Metals Dtvtaoo, Balttoora, CaOtasvtlla (QL), Himkiwl. (lad.), Castas Load Coaapaar, SaaaAea. MAMMOMD UAB FtOOUCn, MC. ........ (Ml MoAmaa Avaaaa, Mamaaad. ladhM AM Lailattaa Avaaaa, Mam Yai IF, M. T. tool OArar Befldhf. MtlaAanfc Mr Fm NATtOStAL UM COAVAMT........................................ HI Bremdwey, Maw Task A. M.T. Far takakd MaasSn ar*a A ?. SaSss M Ora addisaa. Artists. Bafsle 3. OOraaa A Oariaaati A Oavstaod 1A DsBaa A WdlsJlirMa ts, F*ttaufk 1A St. Cook L Saa Fraackca >A Boatsa A OiatiaaSna SB (W. Ya.), SeattW A Lot Aa|aisa tl WUmM UA* FAOOUCr* coot?AMT Fast tiM A FadAs War, Lao Aafalaa TL^Mtnda 12X1 Faorlt Ureal, Barhalay A CaAlirada tiamaa A Sta* at Ur Aafstas. CaMnata. !MppqgwapaiM.) Mre|a 4auig|gwwB* .% 7 LIA23020 ^rSitriirif^ -^- - - *.-*. --... a -a ^.. RECOMMENDED SURFACE PREPARATION OF STEEL FOR RED LEAD PAINTS o Why Surface Preparation? THE reasoa for surface preparation ii to re move contaminants anti improve adhesion of Welds Weld deposits such as weld flux dag weld a priming paint. Adhesion is the bonding of the flux fumes, weld heat oxides, and weld metal priming paint to the rurfaoe to which toe paint spatter, are surface contaminants. Electric are is applied. Paint will fail in direct proportion to weld seams in particular and, to a somewhat its lack of adhesion. lesser extent, the acetylene weld seams must be Mill scale, rust, dirt grit oil. grease, chemicals, cleaned before painting. and other surface contaminants mike good paint The weld flux slag remaining adjacent to the performance impossible by preventing wetting weld seam is strongly alkaline. Under humid of the metaL Hurt, when it is painted over, con conditions it saponifies the paint vehicle, forming tinues to form and eventually destroys the ad hesion of the paint Elm. Likewise min scale it fatty acid soaps which reduce adhesion of die paint film and, either through actual pares in tha likely to be undermined by nut film or fay osmotic action, crater is drawn through die film to promote further corrosion. MU The weld flux fumes after condensation are deposited noticeably in a band X to 8 in. on Moat structural steel is hot formed. It b cov ered with a mixture of iron oxides called mill scale, which is of variable thickness, continuity and adhesion. Mill scaH It brittle and is mainly magnetic iron oxide, Fe,Ot. Dus to flexing or the difference in coefficient of expansion hitween the mill scale and the base metal, the mill scale creeks when changes in temperature take place. If moisture enters a crack ic mill scale, rusting of be base metai begins. As the nut creeps under the mill scale, adhesion is destroyed. Loose or jemMoose mill scale in time becomes completely detached from the base metaL Rup ture and scaling of the paint coat follows. Tightly adhering areas of mill scale, through electro chemical action may provide sufficient localized corrosion to produce pits, which may in thna penetrate the base metal. either side of the weld seam. Spray painting fxils to disturb the condensate, which in con junction with weld flux slag may cause corrosion to spread a considerable distance from the weld seam. Brush applied paint dilutes the weld flax fume condensate and lessens tha intensity and area of action. The weld heat oxides are concentrated on the weld sram in a band about X in. vride on either tide of the seam. These oxides form irregular and rough deposits and create unequal paint film thickness. The thin spots in the paint thereby promote early film failure and serve as corrosion centers. The weld metal spatter deposits range from microscopic psrtidet to particles % la. in diam eter. The larger the spatter the more Andy dm spatter b welded to the surface. Paint films over these spatters fail prematurely doe to inadequate film thickness oo the top of the metal spatter or to the inability of point to enter the Junction between the spotter and the metaL Crease and oil are detrimental to Since paint film failure. In general, radiates between the priming paint and tha metal sur from pinhead rust spots often associated with face. Small objects may have the grease and flux, alag and spatters, these deposits must be off removed by a number of vapor degreasing removed by grinding or blasting or both before commercial techniques. Oa Urge objects, due painting if an adequate, uniform Cm thlcknret to their slxe and stupe, the grease and od are la desired. When denned, the weld seema may removed by washing or wiping with a suitable he expected to give almost at good service as tha adjacent metal surface. i .iu iWMB1 IMI 1 WLUi'i * - i i u 'iw w u h n m iiiif w i^p u jyji^ imii i i l. >> --l t : L F .t f I ij mi tjjun'ipym.jiwj.. iffli.jppi i ji iimi y \ i LIA23021 - _[' .*" *,- 1- T"' w#" C Jl `- '^'. - ' . ~ ^1 '*.j o m3a&re4h^rurer*t. 4 What to Consider In Selecting a Method of Surface Preparation The qtsestioa of (electing method of surface preparation depends upon n number of factors other than the ecooomlc conditions involved. Among them ant L Condition of the lurface to he painted, 2. Type of service to which the metal and paint will be subjected. 3. Practicality of using a particular method because of environment, and 4. The type of paint whkh is to be applied. The requirements for surface preparation are more severe as the wetting ability of the pais* decreases. One reason why the anticonosivo red lead pigment In linseed oft paint, LJA. Formula 6-1 (the same as Fed. Spec. TT-P-88a, Type I, or SSPC Paint 1-S5T) has achieved an eminent reputation for protection of steel is due to Its superior wetting characteristics. It has demosutrsted excesses* anticusrcsija perform ance when used over steel where small amounts of rust aid tightly adherent mill scale are pres ent. A surface condition such as this h often the best that can practically be obtained in the field. Equally good results are being obtained by similar high red lead in oil systems, which have good wetting characteristics, as used by railroads, public utilities, highway department^ aid others. The linseed oil vehicle, however, b slow dry ing and it is often necessary to use a faster dry ing od-icsin vehicle combination such aa LXA. Formula 0-7 (TT-P-Ma, Type ). Suds a palat fa limited fas its wetting ability by the presence of synthetic resins. Therefore, surfaces receiving paints of this type must be more carefully cleaned of corrosioo products aid contaminants f marlmum performance fa eipoctod. Going stiU further, painting requirements may necessitate the use of the very rapid drying syn thetic vehicle type paints, such as LXA. For mulas 3-7. or 6-13 (TT-P-Wa, Type in) or 618, (MIL-P-17545) (Bo Ships Peis* Formula No, 116). These paints are useful and eseelUu* when applied over carefully prepared surfaore The following are the recommended methods for the surface preparation of steel to which red lead pals* is to be applied, along with a tabis indicating she type of structural steel, the ex posure, drying time, LXA. recommended red lead paint and specification for the recommended cleaning methods. Surface Preparation Methods Factors to bo considered in selection of any metal protective paints are surfsoe preparation and the condition of the jurfacc at the time cf application, the character of the base metal and the environmental exposure Only those surface preparation methods which are pertinent to structural steel dcantog and which are mo* generally used ate considered in this Technical Letter. The major methods of surface preparation of tied may be daased under three categories! L Mechanical surface preparation L Hand denning 1 Power tool denning 3. Sand or shot blasting i Flame denning IL Chemical surface preparation L Weathering t Chemical denning a. Alkali cleaning la Pickling c. Steam denning 3. Phosphate surface treetmss* IQ. Solvent cleaning and degreasing The following are general descriptions of the more common surface preparation methods. Un der each beading will be found a refereoea to the detailed specification for thrt method, which appears hi Volume IL Steel Structures Painting Manual, published by Steel Structures Painting Council. 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh 13, Pa. i t: I 'taw "aigs '-vQ , Ik . iiaiii l i a 2302 \9 m t e 0 i i .$ *] *r* -1 ft " MICHANtCAL tUUACl PUPAXADON Hend Cleaning (SSPC4P 2-421) Hand cleaning b best adapted to spot clean ing for maintenance repainting and u not rec ommended (or use over Urge areas where more effective methods are available. It hits only the high spots of a surface. The operation b most commonly accomplished with stiff, ipcafif wire brushes, abrasive paper or (doth, scrapers. Knives, chisels, or chipping hammers. The band deaniag operation varies with the type of mill scale and depth of corrosion. Wire brushing b one f the oldest methods of me chanical surface preparation and generally par tially remove* only loosely adhering mill scale, nut, old paint ElTM, aod dried or caked sod. It does not remove adhering mill sesde. If strati fied nut b present, K should first be removed by chipping and scraping befure hand brushing. A surface which b fist and free of obstructions and irregularities may be hand brushed at a rats of two squire fret per minute. Chipping hammers remove most of the snffl scale, but if the action b too vigorous over thin metal, it may deform or even pierce the mctaL Chipping may drive mill scale or corrosion prod ucts into a soft metal surface. Chipping b usually followed by either wire brushing or scrap ing or both to remove loose mill scale or paint films. Unless care b exercised, some imbedded mCQ scale may remain which may cause Incslirrd early paint failure. Hand scraping alouc with a sharp-edged scraper b probably one of the least effective methods of surface cleaning of smial ST It re moves only semi-adhering mill scale and old paint films. If oQ or grease are present, aolvrtrt cleaning with frequent changes of the solvent should precede band cleaning; otherwise ol or grease will be spread over the descaled base metal. Should explosive vapors be promt, a Special son-(parking wire or tool must be employed. Powar Tnel Cleaning (StfC-tf J-S7TJ Hand cleaning methods are duplicated by power tools designed for brushing, sanding, grinding, scaling impact cleaning or chipping The general sequence of Operational techniques are (he same as under hand cleaning Power tool deaniag b more effective and more eco nomical than hand cleaning for larger surfaces. A Urge variety of shapes and sues of brushes, grinders and Sanders are available and are mostly of the rotary type. The electrically operated rotary brushes are effective at operational spee-l* of 300 to 9000 r.pjn. under load, whiU the rotational speed uf the pneumatic driven brushes b regulated by (he air pressure and the volume of the air. Power brushes may cut through thin mill scale but the wear on the brush Is excessive. The power brush must be kept moving to pre vent burnishing which produces a poor surface for painting. Crinden and waders are effective la the prep aration 6f-a surface when the absatitw pit tine b carefully selected for the job at head.- While power operated scaling and chipping hammer] are {aster than the head hpasatad type, they are slow as compared te othar avail able methods. For vary thick surface accnrrmUtions, they have merit. The tool must be kept sharp. The operator must be careful not to remove sound metal, drive mill scale into soft metal, or leave metal bum on the Surface, the letter two conditions contribute to early paint falhzra. Oil and grease should be removed by solvent cleaning before power tool cleaning to prevent spreading la either hand cleaning or power tool denn ing a primer coat of red lead paint should be applied before any rutting becomes visible. A point system of two initial coats of red lead primer fallowed by suitable finish coots wiD give escrllent service. hot or Shot floating (SSK-SP 4421) Sand or shot blasting procedures are employed where all the miU scale, rust, rUft-acale, foreign matter (except heavy deposits of grease or oil), or paint are to be removed and the base or "white" metal exposed tar paint application. Both processes are based upon the abrasive ac tion oo the surface of various sized particles of sand, shot, grit dr other abrasives being dis charged, either wet or dry, at high pressure. Metal or noo-metalUc synthetic shot or grit b usually employed where recovery of the abrad ing agent is possible, while tend b used pri msrily for operations in which tire abrading agent b (spendable. Successful blasting technique* require care ful consideration of pressures, size cf Doxxle, distance of nozzle from the surface, kind of ma teria] to be removed, type of abrasive, loss of abrasive, health hazard, coat of abrasive, aod type of surface preparation required. The grit should be of sufficiently small five to remove effectively the rurface contaminant! without excessive working of the metal surface or the lormaUoo of cratcx-like surface depres sions, ridges or metal halrt. The paint may not wW SgggPjpw*' ey j jw w iw e iiu innuumi wm'W' ipnw *' . LIA23023 tm ' * J o ..'i i provide adequate film thickness over die ridges sequent loosening of dm mill scale by creeping or tip* of the metal hair*, rod thus they become of the rest between the mill scale and the base focal point* of premature paint film failure. Ex metal In six months to a year most of the cessive turfaoe working of the metal may de loosened mill scale will have fallen off. Any velop unequal stresses in some surface areas and remaining products of corrosion and partially beoome cathodic to adjacent areas. This will loosened mill scale must bo removed by sand accelerate corrosion as the paint film commence* blasting wire brushing scraping or chirping ' to fail. before the surface is primed, Areas of tightly Dry sandblasting, although widely used, should adhering mill scale can only be completely re he done with due health precautions, not only moved by sandhissting 6m As hose metal to protect the operator from fine abrasive dust L exposed, it should be imsnndlatjy coated with but also other workmen in the immediate envir a red lead primer. Usually, In dear weather, onment Machinery in the vicinity of sandblast six hours or less will serve as a safe time inter ing operations should be shielded. val between completion of Mbftiasttng and Wet or hydraulic sand or shot blasting elimi application of a red lead primer- nates abrasive dust hazards, but if water soluble Field reports indicate this method of surface Inhibitors such as chromate or phosphate types preparation followed by two coats of a red land are used, they present different health hazards primer paint and a suitable top coat will provide which must be met with proper precautions. from 8 to 10 years of adequate protection. The time lag between completion of blasting and priming is dependent upon the type of blast ing the humidity of the surroundings or the fliieJnd CWaalng presence of soluble inhibitors in the wet blasting fluid. Any blasted surface should bo further chemically treated or primed with red lead paint before any visible rusting occurs. On surfaces prepared by sand or shot blast ing two primer coats of red lead paint followed by a suitable finish coat should give 10 to IS years of service. AJkatt Qsaalef Alkali draining is more efficient and less haz ardous than solvent cleaning Alkali deaners indude soak tank cleaning pressure spray clean ing electrolytic cleaning scrubbing and brush ing for structural sted assemblies. Alkali cleaning removes off, grease and soluble rust stimulators. Alkali d ining does not re move heavy or. carbonized offs or rust fahlbirfve noma CWsmlaf (SSFC-S? 4431) offs. The surface is left alkaline and before Flame cleaning rosy be used on marry fabri cated shapes where the structural sections are of proper stock thickness, are readily accessible, painting it must be rinsed in a dilute add water solutioo to prevent saponification of a primer vehicle. not subject to warping and where dehydration Mckfiag (SSTC-SP M3T) of the surface is mandatory. Flame cleaned curfaces must be painted before condensation com mences; hence, they should be painted while still warm and dry. Recommended practice re quires painting within two hours. Flame cleaning is sued to remove unhooded mOl scale and old mill scale which has not been previously painted. Rarely does flame cleaning remove aO the mill scale. It must be followed by wire brushing and dusting before priming Flame cleaning should not be used on stock Pickling is an effective method of surface preparation far painting Mill scale and corrosion products arc completely removed by pickling degreased iron or sted la dilute add solution. The main disadvantage of this method lie* in the necessity for following the pickling with a neutralizing and water rinsing operation to re move all free add and reaction products, and then a rinsing in either dilute phosphoric add or chromic add solutioo or mixtures of these to less than 3/16 la. thick i create an inhibited metal surface. This must ha followed by a thorough drying of the metal sur face prior to painting OOMICAl MIUACI FtaFAKATION Weathering (SSK-V P-52T) The undesirable attack of the base metal by the pickling add is minimized and regulated by the use of suitable inhibitors which may he dis Possibly the oldest surface cleaning operation solved in the pickling hath. These inhibitors Is atmospheric weathering a process whereby create and regulate a preferential selective at the removal of the mill scale is primarily depend tack on the mill scale and corrosion products. ent upon the corrosion of the metal and the sub The surface should not be etched excessively. * C t ' - ."i wjifq) tup.i 'p1 'ny1 1 1 IJU WPJPIIK is ,(|iw h v 'V*W'4v .' if >~~i i^firiii Sa * ` I423o24 ' -1^4 i-r.aW... .. . V, . . ' -----n il` - -' - "*---- ---------- ------- - but slight etching of the surface aids is the me chanical adhesion of the paint film. Thii type of surface preparation it limited mainly to either small size object! or structural ibtpet that era euQy handled. Red lead primer painting of the pickled mo tto* tbould be done before the thin film left by the chemical treatment abowt any visible signs of corrosion. After this type of surface preparation, two costs of red lead primer paint followed by a suitable top coat should give adequate service for 10 to IS yeast. IlMe Cleaning Where the size, shape or location makes t Im possible to solvent wipe the surface, steam clean ing is becoming quite general in field surface preparation. Steam cleaning removes dirt, grime, grease and loose oxidized paint, but doea not remove rust or mill scale. The most efficient steam cleaning includes the addition of detergents to the steam-water mix ture. If the detergent-steam-water mixture is sufficiently alkaline, it will also remove grease. The surface after steam cleaning is usually al kaline and must be adequately rinsed to prevent saponification of the paint vehicle. Phosphate Surface Treatment (SSKfT 3-331) Phosphate treatment leaves the surface fat a satisfactory condition for fnrtm.im paint life, but it does not remove mill scale. Therefore, for the most efficient treatment the surface should be pickled or blasted prior to phosphate treat ment. Insoluble metal phosphates resulting from the phosphate treatment extend the life of the paint film by improving adhexicn, regarding underffira corrosion, reducing electrochemical ac tion and the decomposition of the paint vehicle by corrosion products. The metal phosphate sur face is stroag and flexible enough to withstand The phosphate treatment has been applied by spray process, fanmenioa, brushing, er portable spray ajulpnot The M1L-C-10S78 tpedfleatfen awy be con sulted for details. The V. S. Carp cf Engineers Manuel for Painting (1B53) refers to cola phot phste or chemical metal condUloneti. V\ When properly applied, phosphate M&ce treatment has been successfully wed oa ship plates, river dam gates, lofks, eta Tbs pairs application and service are the same as for pickled iron or steak SOIVINT CUANOM AND DCOMAWW (SSPC-SP 1-331) Structural sterf may be solvent cleaned by wiping, dipping, or spraying, depending upon the size of the members. Wiping is widely used. It removes the oil and grease readily and tepidly and requires a minimum of floor space. In the use of solvent cleaning by wiping the solvent must be changed frequently to pi event spreading of the oil end grease, and due precau tion, depending upon the solvent employed, must be observed to guard against fire hazards and toxicity of the solvent Solvent cleaning does not remove nut or mill scale. Military Specification, MIL-F-llfia, gives cleaning methods for steel and mentions the type of petroleum solvent to use. Federal Speci fication P-S-661 or ASTM Specification D4M-SZ cover the use of "Stoddard Solvent* Federal specifications are available for most of the im portant solvents. r E i l ` y4w ft*-***- *> 'VV. ----- 1. 9 -I f l .'> ! II.VU ''* ` :" . U1A23025 *-$uuS*t^*r&J,>^S^g3cataeaateaiBa^S^aaESEi^caatMia4^^.-. --^---^- - Surface Preparation of Steel Recommended for Red lead Paints U (Quick Rifumct StfRiJMqrl UlcmBee* trfe** Strvctuzd SmI Per This Type efZxptmtrm Atomphoric And the Drying Tiea# JU^vML Then the* flecenunended JUdLend trimmlm MAz** tmfz StSSmmiiL MHz. LiA.e-1 Band CSasateg ssrcSAr PouurTa3 tGsenrnctndft uir Bet These W JUfubWt Solvent Cleaning to Preocde Other rinenfng SSPC-SP1-52T Structural Steel. Oil Storage Tanln Cfrrmknflr Contaminated Atmospheres and Marine Environments Structural ftsd Atmn%Jiwhi Stractml Sim) Ataa^baic Structural Sterf Atmoephcrk Stnicttfil SimI, CipMUby MU- k,Fiw Atmospheric, Temporal (6 Moo.) Hydraulic Structures, e g. Crest Cato, Sluice Cates, Tsinter Cetoe, Erpneed Structural Steel at Pumping Stations Partial or Conttenono lauwOos In Freeh Wntm Hydraulic Structures, e g. Creel Catos, Sluice CaM, Talntor Catos, Exposed Structural Steel at Pumping Stations Nzthl or Cnttoiwz fmtnrrwlrm 1, MWila *4 Hz. It Hz. MHz. 4 Hz. IIIz. t Hz. 1 Hz. UULt-7 BU* CImIm ssrc-sptirr m PkUing SsFC-SPMtT LX*. 4-7 lUg Qacaisc S&PMPSOT PlcUfaw KPMPM1T LX*. W Hand CVenhig sspc-spi-srr or Power Tool Geantnf SSFOSP IT LXA.t-11 Cocnmerdsl BlaJt Cleening ssrosrMtr Plrfchnf SSFCSFt-BT SSPC 1J-S5T Solvent CVenbiy SSPO&P1-S2T and Wire Bruahfcf sspc-spwrr LX*. 7-4 glut Cleaning SSPC-SFMir and Coating PrHMtnsU Mtt^C-lttA Solvent Cleaning to Precede Other Cleaning SSFC-SPl-Kf ULA.7-S BUzt atab* ssFCsnirr mi Coklac Frz^zMbua MZXC-lUtU #Thc rrrow>fwM red Ini primer lomuUi may be found Is lUd Lead Technics! team of tbe Lead lndcstriae flsenrla boa. Tbe Irst sumbee Is the somber el the Technical Letter la which that formula ippesn tad the oecond Is the lembir M the formula le that Technics! Letter. **AC SSPC rpeclftcebAos referred to herein may be found le Volume tl of Steel Structures Palatini Manual, Steel Structures Piloting Council, 4400 filth Avenue, Pittsburgh 13, Pa. MIL spocticalkna may be obtained treen say Central Services Administration ftofloeal Often. u p 11m i LI A 23026 it Urn i.'&iiM "3 ; e Surface Preparation of Steel Recommended for Red Lead Paints fOvfcfc ltf*rM< >mjnfyt UTtm Hoot to tot*. Far Thit Type of fipnowr And Che Diytof Urn* Hej?ood ic Ttoi the* Recomm reded Red Land frimnr Jer AWlM foflariM Mm hmcdM Ja BmTW iz?? Jtoyatopdr IMlmd ItoDto Stock AtaotoWfc i UHf. LXA.M H Head Oeetdnf sspc-s?iirr Rawer Tori On antoo ssre-ds-arr UrMCkukl to ftlito OMOwto sacei^t : SUpc (Topdklcc. lnttrian, BaK- Marine, Intormfctond Iwnirilfe to He. LULt-M Uk Cl I.hr ssrc-sriirr Topptaf), Bridfto On> Tadcwtoa, Son Water ftcUbw " Dock, sseCsristT SUp. (TopckUc, Marine, lahrmlMnaR I Hr. LL/LM# BLa Clnetof 1merlon, Bori< UencnkM to See SSPC-Sf 5-SST Toppi&f).Od Water, Oremkefij r Storage Tanks ConUtofeetod Rc Um Atmospberee KPCSfW b Ship Bcttnt MOfl Immenfon to See Wetor He. LXA.M4 Ibr Otttoiw ssrcSwtr ncUiM " ssposri^n CeK sobrd Steel One Co* Atewspberto ? WntLend or Rested Atooylnrfa `*t CeKsatoed Stool One Coat 4 11 Hr. 4 Hr. IS He. 18 Hr. 4 Kr. 18 Hr. LJA.ft-1 M LLA.9-1 0-1 crS-t Solvent CWnfcf ssrospi-srr ead ybtophite RHastaat SSPOrTS^JT Mnt CttaiM ssre^r i-sxr Wir. Braaktef ssrc-srtirr KrwCakwnfeed Steal Top Coat to be Applied , 11 Hr. Hr. LXA.B4 MsmsrCe-Isn* aj-lsiyfr M rWsa^Mto fra bratount SSPCJTMJT Weathered or Rested Celva&taed Steel Top Co* to be AfpW AI-<V>fc 18 Hr. 4 Hr. LJJL9-C <rM Suit--a Claaator s s r c -s p l o t ead Wbe Rrwhbif ssrosrtixT *7be fecocnmrtvied red Wd primer formal* may be food h lUd L#ed Technical Lrtten U the Lead Industries Aseod*> Hoa. The 8ra number Is the number of (be Technical Letter is which thet fomuls ifpwn sod the second Is tbs member cf the (omuls ta thst Technical Letts,** ssrc**AS fprdfcitteni referred to bareIs b it be found to VnluM IT of Steel Streetties fiMrt Mtoes' Steel Stradom Pelntinf Council 4400 Fl/th Avsees, fittsborgh II, Re. MIL yedSmthw may be nUsbsd hvm ear Ceeern) twilr rs Adainistreboa Refkmel Often. ^ *-~e '.wn ie .ii,i) n .m ifu h w i i m 7 *w kJJMBPiJiSUL limni'M