Document B72wmb0k3bappgody0odkmaX

API RP*222Q 'll 07322'ID OlODflfil 4 Improving Owner and Contractor Safety Performance API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 2220 CMA MANAGER'S GUIDE FIRST EDITION, SEPTEMBER 1991 1^ CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION 2501 M Street, NW Washington, DC 20037 American Petroleum Institute 1220 L Street, Northwest 4>Washington, D.C. 20005 Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Licensee-Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST SC-API-6600 API RP#SE50 0732310 OlDOflflE b Improving Owner and Contractor Safety Performance API Safety and Fire Protection Department CMA Engineering and Operations Committee, Health and Safety Committee API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 2220 CMA MANAGER'S GUIDE FIRST EDITION, SEPTEMBER 1991 CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION American Petroleum Institute * Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP*2220 11 732210 OlOQfi&B 6 SPECIAL NOTES 1. API AND CMA PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERAL NATURE. WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, LO CAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS SHOULD BE RE VIEWED. 2. API AND CMA ARE NOT UNDERTAKING TO MEET THE DUTIES OF EMPLOY ERS, MANUFACTURERS, OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AND EQUIP THEIR EMPLOYEES, AND OTHERS EXPOSED, CONCERNING HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS, NOR UNDERTAKING THEIR OBLIGA TIONS UNDER LOCAL, STATE, OR FEDERAL LAWS. 3. INFORMATION CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH RISKS AND PROPER PRECAUTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR MATERIALS AND CONDI TIONS SHOULD BE OBTAINED FROM THE EMPLOYER, THE MANUFACTURER OR SUPPLIER OF THAT MATERIAL, OR THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET. 4. NOTHING CONTAINED IN ANY API OR CMA PUBLICATION IS TO BE CON STRUED AS GRANTING ANY RIGHT, BY IMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE, FOR THE MANUFACTURE, SALE, OR USE OF ANY METHOD, APPARATUS, OR PROD UCT COVERED BY LETTERS PATENT. NEITHER SHOULD ANYTHING CON TAINED IN THE PUBLICATION BE CONSTRUED AS INSURING ANYONE AGAINST LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF LETTERS PATENT. 5. NEITHER API NOR CMA, NOR ANY OF THEIR EMPLOYEES, SUBCONTRAC TORS, CONSULTANTS, OR OTHER ASSIGNS MAKES ANY WARRANTY OR REP RESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS, OR UTILITY OF THE INFORMATION CON TAINED HEREIN, OR ASSUMES ANY LIABILITY OR RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY USE, OR THE RESULTS OF SUCH USE, OF ANY INFORMATION OR PROCESS DISCLOSED IN THIS PUBLICATION, OR REPRESENTS THAT ITS USE WOULD NOT INFRINGE UPON PRIVATELY OWNED RIGHTS. 6. GENERALLY, API STANDARDS ARE REVIEWED AND REVISED, REAF FIRMED, OR WITHDRAWN AT LEAST EVERY FIVE YEARS. SOMETIMES A ONE TIME EXTENSION OF UP TO TWO YEARS WILL BE ADDED TO THIS REVIEW CYCLE. THIS PUBLICATION WILL NO LONGER BE IN EFFECT FIVE YEARS AF TER ITS PUBLICATION DATE AS AN OPERATIVE API STANDARD OR, WHERE AN EXTENSION HAS BEEN GRANTED, UPON REPUBUCATION. STATUS OF THE PUBLICATION CAN BE ASCERTAINED FROM THE API AUTHORING DEPART MENT [TELEPHONE (202) 682-8000], A CATALOG OF API PUBLICATIONS AND MATERIALS IS PUBLISHED ANNUALLY AND UPDATED QUARTERLY BY API, 1220 L STREET, N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C. 20005. Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Copyright 1991 American Petroleum Institute Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2006 10:02.59 MST API RP*222Q =11 7322=10 0100864 T FOREWORD This publication is intended to assist petroleum and chemical industry facility owners and contractors in improving their safety programs. In addition to the cosponsors, the American Petroleum Institute and the Chemical Manufacturers Association, this publica tion is supported by the Associated Builders and Contractors, Inc. API and CMA publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, neither API nor CMA nor any of their employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other as signs makes any representation, warranty, or guarantee, either express or implied, in con nection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaim any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or the results of such use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict. Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the director of the Safety and Fire Protection Department, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washing ton, D.C. 20005. Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Ill Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP*2220 =11 07322C]Q OlDDflflS 1 CONTENTS Page SECTION 1--GENERAL .................................................................................. 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1.2 Scope and Objectives ............................................................................................ 1 1 1 SECTION 2--OWNER ACTION TO IMPROVE CONTRACTOR SAFETY PERFORMANCE ................................................ 2.1 General .................................................................................................................... 2.2 Owner Commitment to Improved Contractor Safety Performance ................ 2.3 Contract Safety Language ..................................................................................... 2.4 Contractor Bid Package and Prebid Safety Meeting ......................................... 2.5 Including Site-Specific Safety and Health Requirements in the Bid Package 2*6 Selecting a Contractor .......................................................................................... 2.7 Site Training Requirements for Contractors ...................................................... 2.8 Prejob Safety Meeting ........................................................................................... 2.9 Safety Orientation of the Contractor's Work Force ........................................... 2.10 Reviewing Contractors'Safety Performance ..................................................... 2.11 Maintaining Safety Statistics for Contractor Performance .............................. 2.12 Safety Performance and Evaluation .................................................................... 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 SECTION 3--CONTRACTOR ACTION TO IMPROVE SAFETY PERFORMANCE .................................................................... 3.1 General .................................................................................................................... 3.2 Compliance With the Owner's Safety Expectations ......................................... 3.3 Accident Investigation and Prevention ............................................................... 3.4 Safety Inspections ................................................................................................. 3.5 Safety Training ....................................................................................................... 3.6 Medical Care .......................................................................................................... 3.7 Emergency Response Plans .................................................................................. 3.8 Incentive Programs ............................................................................................... 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 SECTION 4--EFFECTIVE SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMUNICATION .............................................................. 4 SECTION 5--BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................... 5 APPENDIX A--CONTRACT SAFETY LANGUAGE AND CONTRACT ` ADDENDUM ................................................................................... APPENDIX B--BID PACKAGE: REQUEST FOR INFORMATION ................... APPENDIX C--SAFETY EVALUATION: INJURY AND ILLNESS RATES .... APPENDIX D--CONTRACTOR INJURY AND ILLNESS PERFORMANCE REPORT ........................................................... APPENDIX E--WORKERS' COMPENSATION EXPERIENCE MODIFICATION RATES ................................................................ APPENDIX F--CONTRACTOR SAFETY ORIENTATION ................................. APPENDIX G--CONTRACTOR SAFETY PROGRAM CHECKLIST .............. 7 9 II 13 15 17 19 Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS v Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02.59 MST API RP*2220 =J1 07322TQ DIDOflab 3 Improving Owner and Contractor Safety Performance SECTION 1--GENERAL 1.1 Introduction Owners and contractors need to provide safe workplaces and to protect the safety and health of their work forces and the general public. When they work together to improve the safety and health of contractors, both benefit. Benefits that come from a comprehensive and systematic contractor safety program include the following: a. Safety and well-being of contractor and owner employees are increased. b. Improved quality and productivity occur because a com prehensive contractor safety program requires that workers be properly trained for their job tasks and familiar with their job requirements. c. Fewer incidents result in less need for regulatory action and more controllable project costs. d. The potential for damage to the owner's facility and the contractor's equipment is minimized. This publication is intended to help an owner and a con tractor improve the contractor's safety performance while preserving the independent contractor relationship. It is in tended for the petroleum and chemical industries and the firms that perform contract work for them; however, since the owner sites and the contracted work are diverse, this pub lication may not be applicable to all operations at each com pany or to all contract work performed in those operations. As such, this publication may not apply to incidental con tractors that generally do not affect facility safety, such as those that provide janitorial, laundry, and delivery services. 1.2 Scope and Objectives The purpose of this publication is to assist owners and contractors in improving their mutual safety programs. It should be understood that contractors that perform work within the petroleum and chemical industries vary greatly. Some contractors perform construction and turnaround ac tivities and drilling and well servicing; other specialty con tractors provide skills and services that are not typically found within an owner's work force. Contractors may even provide services that augment the peak loads and skills of owners' work forces, such as in the maintenance and opera tion of facilities. These diverse functions and uses of con tractors have in common the need for effective safety programs to protect both owner and contractor personnel from workplace injury and illness, as well as from losses as sociated with incidents arising out of contractor work. This publication has been developed by an API task force comprised of representatives of owner companies and con tracting firms involved in both upstream and downstream operations. After careful review and input, CMA elected to cosponsor this publication, fully supports its contents, and adopts it as a manager's guide. Application of any section of this publication should be the result of a management deci sion that takes into account the type of work, the level of risk, and the expected safety performance. SECTION 2--OWNER ACTION TO IMPROVE CONTRACTOR SAFETY PERFORMANCE 2.1 General Owners contribute to improved contractor safety perfor mance through actions that may include the following: a. Making a deliberate management decision to establish an effective ongoing program that uses specific safety perfor mance criteria for selecting contractors. b. Including specific safety language in contracts between owners and contractors. c. Conducting meetings before bid submission to address specific contractor safety requirements. d. Including site-specific safety and health requirements in contractor bid packages. e. Requesting safety and health information from each prospective contractor and evaluating it during the selection process. f. Establishing specific training requirements for contrac tors. g. Conducting prejob meetings that specifically address safety expectations. h. Requiring formal contractor safety orientations. i. Reviewing the safety and health performance of contrac tors working on the owner's sites, with the expectation of continuous improvement. j. Maintaining on-site copies of Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) injury and illness statistics Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 1 Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale. 01/26/2006 10:02:59 MST API RP*222Q =11 07322=10 0100flfl7 5 2 API Recommended Practice 2220/CMA Manager's Guide or, when OSHA statistics are not applicable, other measures of safety performance for all contractors at each location, k. Using safety performance information to evaluate con tractors. 2.2 Owner Commitment to Improved Contractor Safety Performance Common to all successful contractor safety programs are the owners' commitment to and continued support of the programs. The owners' commitment and support are essen tial in minimizing incidents and preventing injuries and ill nesses. Effective contractor safety programs require the owners to focus resources on safety and to review how con tractor safety is being addressed. To emphasize their com mitment, many owners incorporate the need for contractor safety in senior management policy statements on safety, health, fire, and the environment. 2.3 Contract Safety Language Although standard safety language (for example, "the contractor must comply with all federal, state, and local safety regulations") may be included in a contract, additional safety language may be necessary to clearly convey the owner's expectations. To minimize the need to modify the owner's existing contract language, a specific safety adden dum can be developed and attached to the contract when more detailed safety requirements must be addressed for a particular project or work activity. Appendix A provides ex amples of contract safety language and a safety addendum. 2.4 Contractor Bid Package and Prebid Safety Meeting An owner can inform a contractor of its safety expecta tions by clearly outlining its safety performance require ments in its bid package. Such a prebid package should define the safety standards the contractor is expected to meet. Bid packages and subsequent safety meetings may not be practical for certain projects, such as short-term, non-pro cess-related projects. The owner may require the contractor's program to meet safety standards that are at least equal to the owner's. The owner should request specific safety informa tion from the contractor that can be used as part of the selec tion process, and for the proposal to be complete, it is critical that the contractor provide this information in a clear man ner. (A prebid meeting may be useful to reinforce this point.) In addition, the contractor should be informed of the selec tion criteria and, where appropriate, that the lowest bid will not necessarily be selected. Appendix B provides an exam ple of the type of information that may be requested in a pre bid package or during a prebid meeting. 2.5 Including Site-Specific Safety and Health Requirements in the Bid Package Safety procedures vary among companies and job sites and may have a significant impact on a contractor's proposal and subsequent work. Therefore, even though the contract language and prebid package include the requirement to fol low all rules and regulations, it is important that before the contract is awarded, each bidder be made aware of the specific job-site safety rules that will apply. Safety and health requirements for the contractor should be consistent with the requirements established by the owner for its employees. 2.6 Selecting a Contractor The selection of a qualified contractor is a major step to ward obtaining safe contractor performance. An owner can evaluate a contractor's safety program by using the safety in formation furnished by the contractor in response to the pre bid request, The following points may indicate the quality of a contractor's safety performance: a. The contractor's commitment to safety, as demonstrated by an ongoing safety program that is supported by its top management. b. The completeness of the contractor's safety programs and their appropriateness for the work site and the safety stan dards of the owner. c. The contractor's response to prebid safety requests (see Appendix B) which may include the following: 1. Injury and illness incidence rates (see Appendixes C and D). . 2. Experience modification rates, if applicable (see Ap pendix E). 3. The contractor's safety staffing plan. The plan de scribes the on-site person or persons appointed by the con tractor and subcontractor who will be responsible for safety. It also describes their expertise and authority. 4. A description of the safety orientation program to be provided by the contractor to all contractor employees on site. 5. The contractor's enforcement and disciplinary action program regarding safety violations. 6. The contractor's policy and programs regarding alco hol, controlled substances, and firearms. 7. A list of safety equipment that will be provided by the contractor. 8. A narrative from the contractor's viewpoint that identifies the significant hazards of the job and a listing of the steps that will be taken to eliminate or minimize the potential for accidents. 9. A description of the contractor's programs to comply with applicable regulatory requirements (for example. Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Ucensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP#2220 D7322TD oiaoaaa ? Improving Owner and Contractor Safety Performance 3 OSHA, U.S. Department of Transportation, Minerals Management Service, state governments). 10. A description of the contractor's employee training program. As part of the commitment described in Section 1, an owner's management must make it clear that high-quality safety programs and high safety performance will be key el ements in the selection and post-work evaluation of any con tractor. 2.7 Site Training Requirements for Contractors The information submitted by a contractor in response to an owner's prebid request (see Appendix B, Item n) should describe the specific training objectives the contractor in tends to accomplish before and during the project. This in formation should allow the owner to review for the first time the training priorities of the contractor. Subsequent discus sions can then be initiated that will further define and assign responsibility for specific training that the owner or contrac tor may need to provide. 2.8 Prejob Safety Meeting After the contract has been awarded, a prejob safety meet ing should be held between the contractor and the owner. The owner's representatives should discuss the specific safety requirements of the project with the contractor's rep resentatives who will be directly responsible for the planned work. This discussion is important because the contractor's representatives who attend the meeting may not be the same individuals who prepared the bid or attended the prebid meeting. 2.9 Safety Orientation of the Contractor's Work Force Before work is started, the owner should identify and pre sent to the contractor's management important safety rules required by the owner for working on company property. All or part of this information may be used in the safety orienta tion by the owner or the contractor. This information is typ ically communicated through one or more of the following: written material, a safety handbook, a videotape, and verbal instructions. Appendix F provides a list of items that are typ ically included in a contractor safety orientation. 2.10 Reviewing Contractors'Safety Performance The owner should periodically review its job site to verify that contractors performing work on site have effective safety programs that address the applicable safety and health regulations and comply with the safety provisions in the con tract Conducting periodic reviews of the job site jointly with the contractors' supervisory personnel is an effective way to assess the contractors' compliance with the contract. Using an evaluation checklist like the one shown in Appendix G can assist in the review effort. 2.11 Maintaining Safety Statistics for Contractor Performance The owner's awareness of contractor safety performance, by means of job-site injury and illness statistics, provides two immediate benefits: a. Incidence rates can be calculated in accordance with the recommendations given in Appendixes C and D. These inci dence rates can be used to measure the effectiveness of con tractors' accident prevention programs. b. Demonstrating that the owner is interested in safety per formance throughout the duration of the project emphasizes to contractors that satisfactory performance extends far be yond prebid and prejob submittals and discussions. As a minimum, the owner should request photocopies of all job-site OSHA Form 200 logs or, when OSHA statistics are not applicable, other measures of safety performance; the corresponding man-hours worked; and a copy of the accident investigation report for each on-site OSHA-recordable case experienced by the contractor and its subcontractors while carrying out the contract. 2.12 Safety Performance and Evaluation Each completed contractor project should be reviewed not only for the quality of the work, adherence to the schedule, and cost but also for the effectiveness of the contractor's safety program. This overall assessment may be used by the owner in its future bid lists. Contractors that have demon strated a higher sustained level of safety performance and have achieved the safety goals established by the owner should be considered for inclusion in these lists. Contractors should be aware that they will be held accountable for good safety performance. Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale. 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP*2220 'll 0732210 oiooaai 1 4 API Recommended Practice 2220/CMA Manager's Guide SECTION 3--CONTRACTOR ACTION TO IMPROVE SAFETY PERFORMANCE 3.1 General Although an owner's expectations can affect the contrac tor's safety performance, the commitment of the contractor's management to safety is critical because each contractor is in the best position to know how to attain improved safety per formance. The actions described in 3.2 through 3.8 support the attainment of this principle. 3.2 Compliance With the Owner's Safety Expectations The contractor's ability to meet or exceed the safety ex pectations of owners has grown in importance in recent years. The recommendations given in Section 2 will help the contractor to meet owner expectations and identify steps that can be taken to improve safety performance. 3.3 Accident Investigation and Prevention Occupational injuries, illnesses, and incidents should be immediately reported to the owner; their cause should be identified; and actions should be taken to prevent their recur rence. The contractor should investigate and document acci dents, injuries, illnesses, and near misses. To prevent accidents, the contractor is expected to report any workplace hazards, irrespective of their cause, to the owner. 3.4 Safety Inspections Performing safety inspections of ongoing work is impor tant to program success. Although the owner may conduct pe riodic surveys of the contractor's work, frequent and thorough safety inspections performed by the contractor are necessary. 3.5 Safety Training The owner expects the contractor's personnel to be knowl edgeable about their assigned duties. This includes all appli cable requirements for safety, health, and fire prevention as sociated with the performance of their work. As evidence that its personnel have been trained to perform their assigned duties, the contractor should provide documentation of its employee training. The documentation should include the names of those trained, the course content, the date the course was held, and the names of the instructors. Note; It is understood that the contractor will review with the owner sitespecific safety, health, fire protection, and emergency information. 3.6 Medical Care Proper treatment of occupational injuries can often im prove recovery rates and reduce the time away from the job. Contractors involved in large projects that require greater medical response capability than basic first-aid training should consider using a nurse, paramedic, or physician with "occupational medicine" experience. Familiarizing the med ical support staff with the project, the type of work that will take place, and the hazards that are anticipated may also im prove medical care. 3.7 Emergency Response Plans Proper attention by the contractor and owner to the devel opment of emergency response plans increases the probabil ity that the desired response will take place. Periodic drills should be conducted to practice and improve the plans. 3.8 Incentive Programs Motivational programs, such as awards for a contractor employee or employees who achieve specified safety goals, may improve safety performance when properly imple mented. Specified goals may, for example, focus on days . worked without time lost due to injury, the development of safety slogans, or the identification of hazards. SECTION 4--EFFECTIVE SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMUNICATION Ongoing safety and health discussions between the owner and the contractor are necessary if the contractor safety pro gram is to be effective. Special safety and health conditions may arise that might not have been discussed or identified during the prebid and prejob safety discussions, the subse quent safety meetings, the safety manuals, or the written safety rules, and these conditions should be anticipated as the work progresses. Therefore, open communication must be maintained between the owner and the contractor, as well as the contractor's work force. No limitations should be placed on the identification and discussion of any safety and health issues. The identification and discussion of relevant safety and health issues should be emphasized throughout the per formance of the contract. Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale. 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP*222Q 'll 07322T0 OlOOfi^D S Improving Owner and Contractor Safety Performance 5 SECTION 5--BIBLIOGRAPHY ABC's ofRevised Experience Rating, National Council on Compensation Insurance, New York, 1991. Conquering the Safety Crisis: A Model Programfor Subcon tractors, American Subcontractors Association, Alexan dria, Virginia, 1990. Contractor Safety Checklist for the Petroleum Industry, Canadian Petroleum Association, Calgary, Alberta, 1989. "Improving Construction Safety Performance" (Report A-3), Business Roundtable, New York, January 1982. Levitt, R. L., and Samelson, N. M., Construction Safety Management, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1987. Recommended Practicefor Occupational Safety and Health for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Occupations (Recommended Practice 54), American Petroleum Insti tute, Washington, D.C., in press. Recordkeeping Guidelinesfor Occupational Injuries and Ill nesses, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, D.C., September 1986. "Report of the Upstream Petroleum Industry Task Force on Safety," Canadian Petroleum Association/Independent Pe troleum Association of Oil Well Drilling Contractors/Petro leum Services Association of Canada/Small Explorers and Producers Association of Canada, Calgary, Alberta, 1988. "The Worker's Compensation Crisis: Safety Excellence Will Make a Difference," Business Roundtable, New York, January 1991. Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP*222Q Rl Q7322TD QlOOflRl 7 APPENDIX A--CONTRACT SAFETY LANGUAGE AND CONTRACT ADDENDUM A.1 Examples of Contract Safety Language A.1.1 EXAMPLE 1 "The contractor shall comply with all federal, state, and local government laws and regulations--and owner job-site rules--for safety, health, and fire protection." A.1.2 EXAMPLE 2 "It shall be the contractor's responsibility to become fully acquainted with applicable safety and health laws and regu lations prior to commencing work." A.1.3 EXAMPLE 3 "The contractor and any subcontractor or agent shall in form the owner of any notices, warnings, or asserted viola tions issued by any government agencies relative to the contracted work. In addition, the contractor shall immedi ately report governmental inspections, and the results of the inspections, to the owner's representative. Where advance notice is given of an inspection, the contractor shall report it to the owner's representative upon the arrival of the inspec tor or inspectors." A.1.4 EXAMPLE 4 "The contractor shall take all necessary precautions to keep the work site free from recognized hazards that are likely to cause injury, death, illness, or damage to property." A.1.5 EXAMPLE 5 "The contractor will adhere to all legally mandated and generally accepted practices of safety and workmanship and to site safety standards or job work rules to avoid injury to workers and others and damage to equipment, materials, and property." A.1.6 EXAMPLE 6 "The owner may suspend work at any time or terminate the contract for a pattern of frequent failure to adhere to safety laws and regulations or the owner's established on-site safety procedures." A.1.7 EXAMPLE 7 "The owner may deny access to the site by the contractor and its employees if, in the owner's sole judgement, such ac tion is justified on the basis of safety." A.1.8 EXAMPLE 8 "The contractor will allow the owner to enter the work site to audit for compliance with the terms of this contract, in cluding all addenda." A.1.9 EXAMPLE 9 "The contractor agrees to maintain current records cover ing safety and health training for employees working on this project for the duration of this contract and agrees to make these records available to the owner for review, at the owner's request." A.2 Example of a Contract Addendum: Flare Repair Note: The following is a hypothetical example and is provided for illustra tive purposes only. Actual addenda may vary in details and tasks covered. `The contractor must adhere to the following safety re quirements when performing maintenance on an inactive flare line that is in near proximity to a live flare: a. To prevent adjacent live flare smoke and by-products of combustion from entering the contractor work area, mainte nance activity in the inactive flare pit will only be allowed when the wind is blowing in a NE/N/NW direction. b. The owner's radiant heat calculations verify that radiant heat will not be significant within the "safe zone," which is 500 feet from the flame center. c. Contractor personnel shall obey posted signs that restrict their access to the adjacent live flare area. Evidence of train ing in this area shall be documented and presented to the owner's safety representative on site. d. Whenever possible, material will be prefabricated outside the flare pit to further minimize exposure. e. A contractor employee shall be assigned to monitor the wind condition at all times. This person shall have radio communication with the owner's operations department and shall be capable of initiating an evacuation when necessary. f. Escape routes will be preplanned, the contractor's em ployees will be trained on the escape routes, and training will be documented. g. No synthetic clothing will be allowed in the inactive flare repair area. h. The contractor will provide first-aid capabilities, includ ing water-gel-type fire blankets. i. A full-time safety person shall be assigned to the project and will be on site whenever work activities must take place in the inactive flare repair area. j. Based on the uniqueness of this project, the owner re quires all contractors to attend a 15-minute safety briefing at the start and end of each shift." Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 7 Licensee-Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale. 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST o API RP#E220 =11 07322^0 DlDDfl^ =1 APPENDIX B--BID PACKAGE: REQUEST FOR INFORMATION As part of the contractor's proposal and bid, the following safety-related information may be requested from the con tractor by the owner: a. A written safety policy endorsed by the contractor's top management. b. The contractor's safety manual. c. The contractor's staffing plan for safety program imple mentation. d. The contractor's number of OSHA-recordable cases, lost workday cases with days away from work, lost workdays and restricted work cases, and days lost, along with man hours worked for the current and previous 3 years, as de scribed in Appendix C. Fatalities should be listed separately, with detailed explanations provided. e. The contractor's experience modification rate, if applica ble, for the previous 3 years (see Appendix E). f. A description of the initial employee safety orientation program proposed by the contractor. g. A disciplinary action procedure that addresses safety-re lated infractions, h. A list of the types of safety equipment that the contractor anticipates will be used, including personal protective equip ment (PPE) and equipment that the owner may be requested to supply. i. A narrative that identifies what the contractor perceives to be the significant hazards of the work to be performed and the contractor's plan to eliminate or minimize the potential for an incident that could result in an occupational injury or illness. j. A description of the contractor's hearing conservation program if noise levels are expected to exceed 85 dB(A). k. A description of how the contractor's on-site job man ager and supervisors are held accountable for safety perfor mance and how performance is monitored, assessed, and communicated to them. l. A description of the contractor's accident investigation procedures and the types of incidents that are investigated. Copies of the accident investigation forms to be used should be included. m. A description of the manner in which safety inspections will be performed, a list of who will perform them, and the proposed frequency of the inspections. n. A description of the types of safety, health, and fire train ing the contractor's work force has received or will receive. o. A description of how often safety meetings are con ducted, who presents and attends the meetings, and how the topics are selected. p. A description of the safety incentive program (if the con tractor anticipates that one will be used). q. A description of the contractor's policies and programs relating to alcohol, controlled substances, and firearms. r. A description of how the contractor's safety programs apply to subcontractors and of the method by which success ful implementation of and compliance with the programs will be assured. Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 9 Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale. 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP*222D 'll 7322'ID OlDOfl'13 APPENDIX C--SAFETY EVALUATION: INJURY AND ILLNESS RATES OSHA requires all onshore employers with 10 or more employees to record injury and illness information on OSHA Form 200, "Log and Summary of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses." The employer must retain completed forms for 5 years. Data on the following items are readily available from a contractor's completed OSHA Form 200 log: a. Fatalities. b. Injuries and illnesses with lost workdays, including days away from work and restricted activity cases. c. Injuries and illnesses involving days away from work. d. Injuries and illnesses without lost workdays. e. Days away from work. f. Days of restricted work activity. If the contractor knows the total number of employeehours worked during the year, the contractor can easily com pute incidence rates related to a common exposure base of 100 full-time workers for any of the items above by using the following formula: Incidence rate = (N/HB)(200,000) Where: N - number of injuries and/or illnesses or lost workdays. He = total hours worked by all employees during a year (If the hours are unknown, 173.3 hours per employee-month should be used). 200,000 = base for 100 full-time-equivalent workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). The following data may be particularly useful: a. Number of fatalities. b. Incidence rate for cases involving days away from work. c. Incidence rate for total OSHA-recordable cases. d. Incidence rate for number of days away from work. The owner should obtain data on OSHA incidence rates from prospective contractors as a measure of safety perfor mance. This recommendation may not apply to incidental contractors that generally do not affect facility safety, such as those that provide janitorial, laundry, and delivery services. The owner should ask the contractor to provide data for the past 3 years for the firm as a whole and for the division that will perform the work. The owner should develop a comparative overview of OSHA injury and illness incidence rates or, when OSHA statistics are not applicable, other mea sures of safety performance for prospective contractors. The contractor should use Recordkeeping Guidelines for Occu pational Injuries and Illnesses (the most recent edition ap proved by the U.S. Department of Labor or an OSHAapproved substitute).1 Using these data, the owner can determine the trend in the contractor's safety performance and compare the perfor mance with that of others bidding on the same work and with industry averages published annually by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. These data can be requested in a questionnaire similar to that given in Appendix D. 'Recordkeeping Guidelinesfor Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, D.C., Septem ber 1986. Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 11 Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST o API RP*222D 31 Q73223D DlDGfl34 2 APPENDIX D--CONTRACTOR INJURY AND ILLNESS PERFORMANCE REPORT (The following questionnaire should be used to collect actual injury and illness perfor mance data for work being performed on the owner's site.) Provide your actual injury and illness data, as developed from your injury and illness safety statistics for the time period specified below. When applicable, data from OSHA Form 200 logs should be used. Contractor's name: Time period for data (give dates): Job location and identification: Total hours worked during period: _______________________________________ II to II Incidence Rate Item Number (see below) Fatalities _____________ Cases involving lost workdays _____________ _________________ Cases with days away from work _____________ _________________ Total OSHA-recordable cases _____________ _________________ Number of days away from work _____________ _________________ includes days away from work and restricted activity cases. If you know the total number of employee-hours worked during the year, you can easily compute incidence rates related to a common exposure base of 100 full-time workers for any of the items above by using the following formula: Incidence rate = (N/HE)(200,000) Where: N = number of injuries and/or illnesses or lost workdays. Hn = total hours worked by all employees during a year (If the hours are unknown, 173.3 hours per employee-month should be used). 200,000 = base for 100 full-time-equivalent workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 13 Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale. 01/26/2008 10:02 59 MST r "\> API RP*2220 07322^0 OlQQflRS 4 APPENDIX E--WORKERS' COMPENSATION EXPERIENCE MODIFICATION RATES Workers' compensation experience modification rates (EMRs) are used by the U.S. insurance industry to determine premiums for workers' compensation insurance. An EMR less than 1 indicates above-average injury and illness perfor mance, and an EMR greater than 1 indicates below-average performance. An owner can get an indication of a contrac tor's past safety performance by reviewing the contractor's EMR. A comparison of the EMRs of contractors bidding on a project may improve the selection process. It is important to note, however, that EMRs are not appli cable to all work locations and that there are three types of EMRs, none directly comparable with any of the others. Be cause of this and the fact that some contractors self-insure, the use of EMRs may not always be appropriate. The following states do not allow commercial workers' compensation insurance and do not participate in the Na tional Council on Compensation Insurance (NCCI) rating program: Nevada North Dakota Ohio Washington West Virginia Wyoming Another group of states allows commercial insurance, but each state's rating bureau develops its own set of experience modification factors: California Delaware Michigan New Jersey Pennsylvania All other states participate in the National Council on Compensation Insurance's interstate experience system; however, the rating bureaus in the following states develop their own experience modifiers for employers who only em ploy people within their respective states: Hawaii Indiana Massachusetts Minnesota New York North Carolina Texas Wisconsin EMR data can be solicited as follows: "List your firm's (or division's) experience modification rate for the three most recent years." "The Workers' Compensation Crisis: Safety Excellence Will Make a Difference" provides a more com plete discussion of EMRs.2 2"The Worker's Compensation Crisis: Safety Excellence Will Make a Dif ference," Business Roundtable, New York, January 1991. Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 15 Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 1 0:02:59 MST G API RP#222D 11 0732210 OlOOfllb h APPENDIX F--CONTRACTOR SAFETY ORIENTATION The following topics should be considered as part of a contractor safety orientation. The choice of topics for an ori entation is based on the type of work to take place and the duration of the project. a. Emergency response plan. The plan contains procedures that are to be followed if a serious occupational injury or ill ness, a fatality, a structural'failure, a fire, an environmental release, or any other emergency occurs. b. Work authorization system. This system is the owner's written procedures for work permits and authorization for such activities as hot work, excavation, entry to confined spaces, and control of hazardous energy sources. c. Incident notification, OSHA-recordable injuries and ill nesses, accidents, and damage or significant changes to pro cess equipment need to be reported to the owner. d. Accident investigation. Accident investigation reports need to be completed and given to the owner promptly, as specified in the contract. Depending on the owner's prefer ence, accident investigations may include the following: 1. Cases of lost workdays. 2. Cases with restricted activity. 3. OSHA-recordable cases. 4. Near misses. 5. Damage to company property or third parties. e. Contractor safety training. The owner requires the con tractor to provide safety and health training for certain areas. The contractor should identify these in writing and present them to the owner before the job is started. Documentation of completed training is considered mandatory and should be available to the owner upon request. Examples of contractor training topics include the following: 1. Hazard communication. 2. Personal protective equipment. 3. First aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 4. Fire prevention and protection. 5. Forklift and crane operations. 6. Hot work and welding. 7. Entry to confined spaces. 8. Walk and work surfaces. 9. Abrasive blasting. 10. Housekeeping. 11. Asbestos removal. 12. Work permits. 13. Respiratory protection. 14. Scaffolding requirements. 15. Control of hazardous energy sources. 16. Warning signs, signals, and barricades. 17. Excavating, trenching, and shoring. 18. Emergency evacuation and emergency medical assis tance. 19. Naturally occurring radioactive material. 20. Hazardous waste operations and emergency response plan. 21. Reporting and correcting hazards. 22. Periodic, documented safety inspections. 23. Hazards of substance abuse. 24. Fall protection. f. Policy on alcohol, controlled substances, and firearms. This policy includes testing, search, and disciplinary provi sions that are required by the owner and contractor. g. Correction of safety hazards. Instructions should be com municated about collective action for any safety hazards that may arise. Specific instructions on the need for immediate correction of imminent hazards should also be provided. h. Effects of poor job safety. Poor safety performance on site by the contractor can result in personal injury, property dam age, and delays and have an impact on the contractor's abil ity to secure work from the owner. The owner should ensure that contract employees are aware of the importance of com plying with the provisions of the contract and all applicable safety, health, and fire rules. i. Attendance at safety meetings. How contractor safety meetings are conducted and how often they are held should be discussed; mandatory attendance should be emphasized. Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 17 Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP*2220 Rl 07322CHD Q100a,:i7 fl APPENDIX G--CONTRACTOR SAFETY PROGRAM CHECKLIST The checklist provided in this appendix can assist an owner in evaluating the effective ness of contractor safety programs. The following is an example of such a checklist. Some of the questions in the checklist may not apply to all worksites; likewise, additional ques tions may be necessary. Not No. Item Yes No Applicable IVaining 1 Does the contractor ensure that all of its personnel are competent to perform the work required? 2 Does the contractor ensure that its newly assigned workers are directly su pervised by a competent worker? 3 Does the contractor ensure that jobs requiring certification are performed by workers who possess the appropriate documentation and certificates? 4 Does the contractor provide training for its managers and supervisors to en sure that they are capable of administering the safety program? 5 Is there a training plan for contractor employees? 6 Does the training plan address-- Safety and health? Material safety data sheets and hazard communication program? Safety orientation? First aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation? Fire fighting? Firewatch? Hydrogen sulfide? Transportation of hazardous materials? Fall protection? Drug and alcohol policy? Forklift and crane operations? Housekeeping? Entry into confined spaces and requirements for standby personnel? Permit systems? Abrasive blasting and hydrobiasting? Respiratory protection? Use of personal protective equipment? Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API ; No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 19 Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 1 0:02:59 MST API RP*2520 m 07322TD DIOQBTA T No. Item Not Yes No Applicable 6 Does the training plan address (continued)-- Control of hazardous energy sources? Excavating, shoring, and trenching? Emergency response plan? : 7 Is there documentation on file to verify that the training has been completed? 8 Does the documentation include employees' names, course dates, instruc tors' names, the length of the courses, and outlines or descriptions of the course content? 9 Does the contractor require retraining or refresher training? 10 Does the contractor expect the facility owner to provide assistance with the training? Incident Investigation and Analysis 11 Are all incidents investigated to determine their cause, and is corrective ac tion taken? 12 Are serious Incidents and near misses reported to the owner immediately? 13 Does the contractor have a written incident investigation procedure? . 14 Is a report completed for-- Fatalities? OSHA-recordable accidents? Vehicle accidents? Equipment damage? Spills? Fires? Near misses? Contractor injury resulting from owner action or equipment? . . 15 After an incident, are required reports submitted to the owner within 48 hours? 16 Does a safety committee assist In the investigation and follow-up? 17 Do the contractor's supervisors or managers ensure that as a result of the investigation, corrective action is taken? 18 Does the contractor develop a monthly statistical summary that illustrates its safety performance? 19 Does the owner receive a copy of this summary and photocopies of the OSHA Form 200 logs? Safety Responsibility 20 Has the contractor assigned a competent person as the safety representa tive? . 21 Does the safety representative have sufficient authority to implement change? Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 20 Licensee^ Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP#2220 =11 07322=10 01006=13 1 Not No. Item Yes No Applicable Safety Responsibility (continued) 22 Is the contractor's management aware of Its role In an effective safety pro gram? 23 Are the contractor's employees aware of their roles in an effective safety program? 24 Does the contractor have a disciplinary action program that includes safety and health issues, and is the program enforced? 25 Does the contractor have a safety policy statement endorsed by its top man agement? Safety Reviews 26 Does the contractor conduct ongoing safety inspections? 27 Does the contractor have a hazard identification program that allows em ployees to report unsafe acts or conditions? 28 Are Inspection records kept on file, and are they available for review by the owner? 29 Are concerns reviewed, and are corrective actions taken? 30 Is there written evidence that concerns have been reviewed and corrective actions have been taken? 31 Is there a system to notify the owner of safety and health problems that are not created by the contractor but that could impact personnel at the site? Emergency Response 32 Are the contractor's employees aware of their role in an emergency? 33 Have exit routes and meeting areas where head counts are to be performed been established? 34 Do all employees receive emergency response training? 35 Does the contractor know how to report an emergency? 36 Have instructions been given to check wind conditions in the event of a fire or gas release and to evacuate upwind or crosswind? 37 Are emergency telephone numbers posted throughout the site? 38 Have the contractor's employees received specific instructions about vehicle use during and after an emergency? 39 Is the contractor Involved in facility drills? Job Analysis and Observation 40 Are all critical jobs identified and analyzed? 41 Are the procedures for critical jobs written and reviewed with the contract employees before the work begins? 42 Are job observations, such as job safety analyses (JSAs), conducted? Permit Systems 43 Does the contractor ensure that all work permit systems are followed? : Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 21 Licensee-Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP*E220 .07352*10 0100*100 4 m Not No. Item Yes No Applicable Permit Systems (continued) 44 Does the contractor conduct audits to verify that all work permit systems are followed, and is disciplinary action implemented in the event of noncompli ance? 45 Is there a method that allows the contractor to provide the owner with feed back about the effectiveness of the permit system and the impact of the pro cess on the performance of the work and on the contract? First Aid and Medical Care 46 Does the contractor have personnel trained to administer first aid and car diopulmonary resuscitation? 47 Are adequate first aid supplies available on site? 48 Have the first aid kits been approved by a physician? 49 Have arrangements been made with the owner, ambulance service, hospital, or others to handle medical care ranging from first aid to life-threatening in juries and illnesses? 50 Does the contractor utilize a "physician under standing orders"? 51 Does the contractor distribute prescription medications? Personal Protective Equipment 52 Are specific rules developed and communicated concerning the proper use of personal protective equipment? 53 is the necessary personal protective equipment available on site? 54 Has a maintenance program been established to assure that personal pro tective equipment is maintained in satisfactory condition? 55 Is the use of personal protective equipment enforced by the contractor's management? Communications and Meetings 56 Before a job begins, does the contractor hold a meeting to address safety is sues? 57 Do the contractor's supervisors mention safety as part of every work assign ment? 58 Are tailgate meetings held? If they are, how long do they last, how often are they held, and how effective are they? 59 Are the topics discussed during the meetings, names of those who attended, dates, and any comments or concerns documented? 60 Are problems identified during the tailgate meetings acted on by the contrac tor's management? 61 Does the contractor make use of safety committees? 62 Does the contractor's management actively demonstrate support for im proved safety programs? ; Copyright American Petroleum Institute I Provided by IHS under license with API I Mo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 22 Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST API RP#E220 =11 07322T0 DlDOTOl b Not No. Item Yes No Applicable Communications and Meetings (continued) 63 Does the contractor's management hold periodic meetings with the owner's management specifically to discuss safety, health, and job performance? 64 Are the contractor's employees able to communicate all safety and health problems to their management? 65 Is a meeting held with the contractor at the end of the project to review safety performance? Incentive Programs 66 Does the contractor make use of incentive award programs? 67 Are the contractor's incentive programs effective in reducing occupational in juries and illnesses? 68 Does the owner offer incentive programs to the contractor's management that are based on the overall successful completion of the contract? Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 23 Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale. 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST /> API RP*2220 =11 07322=10 0100=102 A API Order No. 855-22200 Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10 02:59 MST 1-1410--9/91--6M (9G) API RP*B220 =11 07322=10 010DRD3 T CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION 2501 M Street, NW Washington, DC 20037 American Petroleum Institute 1220 L Street, Northwest Washington, D.C. 20005 Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Licensee=Montana Tech/5963760001 Not for Resale, 01/26/2008 10:02:59 MST i