Document B5e5M461JZwQg8vVxaERMmobm

FILE NAME: Carrier (CAR) DATE: 1957 DOC#: CAR009 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: National Safety Council Transactions with Handwritten Notes 1957 lONTEr . NAT z o n a l s a f e t y c o u n c i l OFFICERS p. 5-11 ' SAFETY EXPOSITION EXHIBITORS p. 55-63 AVIATION SECTION OFFICERS p. 32-35 CSMN r a n d QUARRY OFFICERS p. 11 CONTROLLING UEALTH HAZARDS IN A CHEMICAL PLANT p. 9- S (Ti 1 C ci i -I 7irvi IN THE AIR WE BREATHE p. .1-32 (Chemical Sect cr.) c..=c 'sipir at or =, asbestos r.st, silicosis, t o u c dusts, pneumoc on ios is p. 13 . respirators p. 15 * films p. 24 r asbestos curtain p. 26 A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TOXIC CHEMICALS p. 44-51 (Chemical Section) CHEMICAL SECTION, OFFICERS p. 57 COAL MINING SECTION OFFICERS p. 41-43 CONS-R'JO' ION SECTION OFFICERS p. 74, 75 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT OFFICERS AND PUBLIC UTILITIES p. 42-46 FARM SAFETY OFFICERS p. 30, 31 FERTILIZER SECTION OFFICERS p. 22, 23 FOOD, MEAT P A CKING TRADES, OFFICERS p. 59-63 -r > GLASS, CEftAillCS, RUBBER, OFF ICEPS p. 31-34 (Raybestos Manhattan' HOME 3AFE7y "50NFERENCE p. 5B ----- - INDUST?IAL SAFETY - A.S.S.E. OFFICERS p. 108-110 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CONTROL THROUGH ENGINEERING p. 11-12 (Labor Safety Section) i dust, industrial poisons LABOR'S STAKE IN SAFETY p. 16-21 occupat ional disease p. IS silicosis p. 19 pneumoconiosis p. 19 asoescos and lung cancer p. 20 _A6CR 1ONFERENCE OFFICERS p. 34, 35 MARITIME .MARINE) OFFICERS p. 51-54 METALS SECTION (AUTOMOTIVE, MACHINE, POWER PPESS) OFFICERS p. 31 34 INCENTIVE AWARDS FOR GOOD SAFETY vMining Section) AsPestcs Corporation Limited p. RECORDS L3 IN THE MINING INDUSTRY MINING SECTION OFFICERS MOTOR TRANSPORTATION p. 53, 59 ;! - p a n e O C C U P A T I O N A L -iE A L ~ K PR O G R A M S p. 14-17 s i l i c o s i s p 14 r o r k m e n 's comp p. 14 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSING SECTION OFFICERS p. 19 PETROLEUM SECTION OFFICERS p. 49, 50 -RINTING, PUBLISHING SECTION OFFICERS p. 23 PULP AND PARER SECTION OFFICERS p. 61-63 RAILROAD SECTION OFFICERS p. 33-34 SCHOOL AND COLLEGE SAFETY OFFICERS p. 122-125 TRAFFIC SAFETY* OFFICERS p. 67 TRANSIT gcttON. OFFICERS p. 29 WOOD, TECTIE OFFICERS p. 3-46 t rNj m / let/ M 60 ftKEAS# Of V U umii J $ _____.IK * \ , & 4 ^ jw w ._____ _______ M a a lL i y ^ L ^ - ' h f L }!<?./}f e w 4 . ^ J r w . , u /c k^vt /\^ y > w ^/, _ J i (*xa__ , M fa v J L iX t . . ._ #AMU_ ____ fl'j^H'V1 ^ok /)&L -tM L.-- l^^M *<---- ----- ) ivi, --p**^9,*_ ^ iM T to lrio h r* ^ i r ta n u n u f d ^ . ' nl~o t o J lil * i a k i h t i i g * >_____ 113.. _ . Q b ^ t . ____ l ^ t e e v f i y j P y u b x * ____ ~ JjpQc _ U , _J^L *f t . />i ^ f t f ^ n U a_____________ i j j - _ . V H 'b * } H W P-., _ _ J ^ i a ^ & < u lr u h _rM__ 'vwvV/rv__*^lht!L _^ ; Jj\bob* " p a jjv jij /? ~J ~r7y]* -u fi'o r p o i _ , , . v j ^ U hi ) *St f r:en }Q <4 ^ f p 0 $ -- " * y * * r?y p P ?'+*l ^ 7V _ > A ft^ 7ty ?V7 v^ ^0 f r jT ^ f y* fyi.e< i< * ,i ^OMJ/ T il s / f , - y T j < $ h + C *yp> r^'v& * ; J t y * t n u 7^ - --------- ------- -- -- -- (i .u ) " . -Ar U1 fc^St ) (t h t )-- ^ 'V '-P v ft' V PXvVjJ-~ I f H>( ..... ^ y r * # y / f ) - u g ^ i / J o A - ^ v y Cl/?0 t<^| 5>fe\ f?nO ' -9 a\ "' $,< - o o?\<vv O ^v7 '. b ' t K j i O j t y > l/o j y ^ tyj ~ 5 T!- ) ^ 7 */> P JI'ZJ'fi?-* VQ L<ohn -Qnp~>v T ^\> bl f Volume 1 F i l l r |)0M NEWARK P U B L IC LIBRA RY G E N E R A lL s e s s i o n s \ , ,,'i; } - ' Tram actions o f the 45th National Safety Conyre * C A icogovii^^ -'-1 <'- ,V/* Tf'f##/V/l 1. Si >, j o 0 0 3 3 5 " ^ 1 .IS E S ffi !* ' i ) CONTENTS Officer, Trustees, and Board of Directors. . ANNUAL COUNCIL MEETING Minutes ............................................................... .................................................. 12 Invocation.......................................................... . .Dr. Paul Minnlch Robinson 15 The President's Report....................................... 1958 National Safety Good Turn.................... Women in Industry.............................................. Keynote Address................................................ Major General B. K. Young 25 ANNUAL BANQUET Banquet Address................................ . . . Honorable William G. Stratton 29 ! Award Presentation............................................ ................... Paul G. Hoffman 33 . WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES , Our Role in Safety Leadership........................ ............. Mrs. Raymond Sayre 37 Time for Decision.............................................. .............William G. Johnson 38 The Traffic Problem.......................................... ........................James D. Hill 41 Fundamentals of Home Safely Activities . . . . . . . Miss Eunice Heywood 51 The Philosophy of Ihe Beaded Shoes........... ............. Charles W . Ferguson 52 Twicers ............................................................. ................................................. 54 Safety Exposition Exhibitors ................. ............................................. 55 lr 2 l *n all Current Safety Topics volumes. ................................................. 65 i I I ) LEARNING TO LIVE . . . Learning to live--lately--war tire drawing card which brought more than 13,000 men and women from the United States and 27 other countries to Chicago to r the 45lh National Satety Congress. These people gathered to exchange the latest ideas in safe attitudes, safe methods and safe equipment. Through speeches, panel discussions and symposiums, they acquired new ideas for helping others--and themselves--to live, work, and play safely. This was the reason the National Safety Council was organized less Ilian half a century ago, a time when man's thoughts barely kept pace with the industrial revolution. Since then, tnan has introduced an atomic age which is bringing the continents closer and has made the earth a smaller nriM. And now man anticipates inter-space travel! Through science and technology, man is prog cssing to increasing spre*1.i in travel and production, and increasing dangers--new dangers never bcluie encountered. These, in addition to the everyday hazards of life, occupied the thoughts of the safety people at the Congress. To encourage more widespread knowledge of the various fields of safety, the National Safety Council publishes the Current Safety Topics--30 volumes of condensations of Congress speeches and exchanges of ideas. Each volu ie is a handy reference to different phases of accident prevention. The compl te set of volumes are listed on the back page or each volume. Since the proceedings have been edited anil condensed for reference purposes, the complete original manuscripts with any charts o r illustrations used, are available in the )National Safety Council files. Views expressed at the Congress or in any volume of Current^ Safety Topics are those of the Congress participants, and not necessarily th.ose of the National Safety Council*.* National j Safety Council OFFICERS Chairman, Board o f Directors--W alt F. Carey, Automobile Car rier Inc., Flint, Mich. V iet Chairman, Board o f Direclort--Dr. Lowell B. F isher, Presi dent, North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, University o f Illinois, Urbana, III. President--N ed H . Dearborn, President, National Safety Council, Cliicago, III. Vice-President fo r Farms--Kirk Fox, Editor, Successful Farming, Meredith Publishing Co., Des Moines, Iowa. Vice-President fo r Finance, and Treasurer--W illiam II. Lowr, Treasurer, Inland Steel Co., Chicago, III. Vice-President fo r Homes--D r. George M. W heatley, Third Vice President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co, New York, N. Y. Vice-President fo r Industry--Gerard O. Griffin, Director of Safety, Dravo Corp, Neville Island, Pittsburgh, Pa Vice-President for Labor--P. L. SiiMiy.ru, General Vice 1'rrwiltnl International Association of Mrchiuists, Chicago, III. Vice-President for Local Safely Organisations--W alter K. Koch, President, Mountain Slates Telephone and Telegraph Co , Denver Colo. Vice-President fo r Membership--Edward C. M vkms. Vice-President, United States Steel Corp, Pittsburgh, Pa. Vice-President fo r Public Information--C harles W. F erguson, Senior Editor, The Reader's Digest, I'leasantvillc, N. Y. Vice-President fo r Schools and Colleges--Dr. Lowell B. F isher (Also Vice-Chairman of Board; spe above). Vice-President fo r Traffic and Transportation--E. J. Buhner, C hair man of the Board, Silver Fleet Motor Express, Inc, Louisville, Ky. Vice-President fo r Women's Aetiv'ties--Miss Marion E. M artin, Commissioner of Labor and Indus'ry, Stale of Maine, Augusta, Me. Executive Vice-President--G. C. Stewart, Executive Vice-President, National Safety Council, Chicago,till. Secretary--R. L. Forney, Secretary<, Nati.onal Safety Counci.l, Ciii. - cago. III. Assistant Treasurers---Buford B. b cCuLLOctl, President, Bureau of Safety, Inc., Chicago, III. J. D. F ulford, Director, Treasury Bureau, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. t f T i W 5 National Safety Council TRUSTEES Chairman o f the T riulrei--W. S. S. Rodgers, Former Chairman, The Texas Company, New York, N. Y. yicr-Chnirman of the Trutleet-- John S tii.vvii l, Yonkers, N. Y. Srtrelary o f thr T rutU rt--N ed H. D rarrorn, rresidenl. National Salety Council, Chicago, III. Members Melvin H. Baker, Chairman, Board of Directors, National Gypsum Company, Buffalo, N. Y. J ames B. Black, Chairman, Board of Directors, Pacific Gas and Electric Co., San Francisco, Calif. S. Bruce Black, Chairman, Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, Boston. Mass. W alter F. Carey, President, Automobile Carriers Inc., Flint, Mich. ( Ex-Officio). C ason J. Callaway, Blue Springs Farms, Hamilton, Ga. W illiam G. Chandler, President, Scripps-Howard Supply Co., New York, N. Y. Charles R. Cox, President, Kennecott Copper Corp, New York, N.Y. Cleo F. Craig, Member, Executive Committee, American Telephone & Telegraph Co., New York, N. Y. I W alter J. Cum m ings, Chairman, Board of Directors, Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Co., Chicago, III. H arlow H . C urtice. President, General Motors C orp, General Motors Bhlg, Detroit, Mich. Nr.i> II. Deariiorn, President, National Safely Council, Chicago, III. ( Ex-Officio). R ichard It. D eui'Ree, Chairman, Board of Directors, Procter and Gamble Co, Cincinnati, Ohio. J. Doyle DeW itt, President, The Travelers, Hartford, Conn. f t Morse G. Dial, President, Union Carbide Corp, New York, N. Y. E. F. DU P ont, Director, Employee Relations Dept, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & C o, Inc, Wilmington, Del. 6v 'I National SafetyCouncil - i jj i 1 ) (Trustees,tonlinned) l-KEOERIC W. Ecker, President,! Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. New York. N. Y. , Ben jam in F. Faieless, Preiidenf, American Iron 5: Steel Institute. New York, N. Y. ' Calvin Fi n i i i u , J., Cliairman, Allstate Insurance Co., Skokie, III. Ksahcis J Gavin, Chnlrrnan, Board of Directors, Great Northern Railway Co., St. Paul, Minn. E. Roland Hassiman, Brown Brothers Harriman St Co., New York, N. Y. C u r r o u F. Hood, President, United States Steel Corp., Pittsburgh. Pa. Josertt L. Lanier, President, West Point Manufacturing Co.. West Point, Ga. Gnoace E. Leichte, Chairman, Board of Directors, Railway Lalror Executives' Assn., Washington, D. C. Ray D. M u an ty, Chairman, The Equitable Life Assurante Sotmv of the United Slates, New York, N. Y. T. S. P etehsen, President, Standard Oil Co. of California, San 1'iancisco, Calif. Gwilym A. P eice, President and Chairman, Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. W alter P. Reuthee, Vice President, American Federation of LaborCongress of Industrial Organisations, Detroit, Mich. W. S. S. R oom s, Former Chairman. The Texas Co., New York. N. Y. Edwaed L. Shea, Chairman, Ethyl Corp., New York, N. Y. I I ekbeet E. S m ith, Former Chairman, United States Rubber Co., . New York, N 'T ........ John Stilwsll, Yonkers, N . Y. Aethue E Stoboab*| FHtident, Union Pacific Railroad Co., Omaha, Ncbr. "* j Dk. J ohn F. T hompson, Cha'-rman, The International Nickel Co, Inc, New York, N. Y. \ Kenneth C. T owf, Chairman,AI Y N. Y. J uan T . T riite, President, Pin- New York, N. Y. j 1 s C. E. W ilson, Birmingham, Mich. I Robert W. Woodeuie, Chairnirn, Co, Atlanta, Ga. I World AliYvays System, 0 0 0 3 3 8 . Commillce, The Coca-Cola ..t'y rar ) ! National Safety Council I National Safety Council S 000331) ) B f y d 'ff . lXrtctors, ronhllte BOARD OF DIRECTORS Chairman o f lha Board o f D iraclors-W alter F. Carey. V rtM tn l. Automobile Carriers Inc., Flint, Midi. Schools, University of Illinois, Urbana, 111. Members Frank R. A hlgren. Editor. Tlie Commercial Appeal. Memphis. Ten... t T Bi.ai.ock. Vice President. Pacific Indemnity Co.. Los Angeles. ' Calif. .. , T. N. Boate, Manager. Accident Prevention Dcp,.. Association of Casualty and Surely Cos.. New York. N. Y. Norman E. Bokcerson. Deputy Superintendent, Stale Dept, of Public Instruction, Lansing, Midi. N ed A. Dearborn. President. Rational Safety Council. Chicago. HI. H enry B. D upeus. Administrator. Accident Prevention. Westinghouse Electric Corp.. Pittsburgh, l'r. E F DU P ont. Director. Employee Relation. Dept.. E. 1. du Pont de Nemours & Co.. Inc.. Wilmington. Del. W allace Falvey. President. Massachusetts Bonding and Insurance Co.. Boston. Mass. C M F erguson. Administrator. Federal Extension Service. U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. C harles W. Ferguson. Senior Editor. The Reader, Digest. Pleas antville, N. Y. R. H. F erguson, Assistant Director of Industrial Relations. Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland. Ohio. Oh Cowell II. F isher. President North leges and Secondary Schools. University of Hh... `V K irk l ux. Editor. "Smccs.l.il I .......... . Dm Moines, la. M' ,r '' ' 1 M rs Gertrude H. F rese. Assistant ' V ic e /r e s id e n t ' U " t u l Manager. New York Telephone Co. Brooklyn, N. Y. E. ). B uhner. Chairman of the Board. Silver Flee. Motor Express. ! Inc., Louisville, Ky. Rorert R. burton. Vice-President. Ke'.yon & Eckhardt. Inc.. Chi cago, III. A im .. W. Cantwell, National Director Safety Services. The Gerard O. Gr. fe. n. Director of Safety. Dravo Corp., Neville Islan.l. Pittsburgh, Pa. S. W. Grimes, Managing Director Pacific Co" 1 Assoc,at,on oi * u P and Paper Manufacturers, Portland, Ore. P aul E. G ursxe, Pompano Beach, Fla. American National Red Cross. Washington. D. C. R. P. H amilton, Superintendent of Safety. St. Louis-San l ramisco W a it F. Carev. President. Automobile C arrier. Inc.. Flint. Mich. Railway Co., St. Lotil*, Mo. D,, A L CHAPMAN. Chief. Division of Special Health Services. J P. HlCHTOWER. Olrector.1 Transportation and Safety. The Orcy- D u S Public Health Service, Washington. D. C. hound Corp., Chicago. III. 1 D , ZENAS R. CLARK. Adm inistrative Assistant. W ilmington Public Stanley C. H orr, Presidcn.Esso Standard Oil Co.. New York. N. Y. Schools. Wilmington, Del. George A. J acoiiv. D ir c c lo r L Personnel Relations. General M otors 1 oi. Mnmu..t..i..ucii--,arvf,,.v,,~r-. *New'\or k. Nf. Yr. ......... .. A Corp., Detroit. Midi. i N ewell U. J ohnson. Gcnerll Manager. American Mutual Inmrance M R. DARLtHCTON. J r . Managing D o c to r. Intcr-Industry Highway Safety Committee. Washington, D. C. Alliance, Chicago. III. I W alter K. Koch. Preside-}. Mountain States Telephone and Tele MBi.neDS.TMafe.l,y AAppl-iances' 'Co.,- P-ittssbsurygh.r TM ' * -* graph Co., Denver, Colo. I 8 National Safety Council (Board O f DrftlH^`ttmlmurd) Dali bo* W. Kralovec, Assistant Director in Charge of Safety, The Board of Education, Philadelphia, Pa. Fra nk u n M. Kreml, Director, Transportation Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, III. Edmono H . L eavey, President, International Telephone and Tele graph Corp., New York, N. Y. E. VV. Leh m a n n , Prof. Emeritus, Urbana, III. W illiam H. Lowe, Treasurer, Inland Steel Co., Chicago, III. E. C. McF adden, Vice President, Texas Employers' Insurance Assn., Dallas, Texas. H arold G. Mangelsoorf, Standard Oil Co. (N. J.) New York, N. Y. M iss M arion E. M artin, Commissioner of Labor and Industry, Slate of Maine, Augusta, Maine. I. W. M illard, Chairman of the Board, Industrial Gloves Co., Dan ville, III. Edward C. M yers, Assistant Vice President, U. S. Steel Corp., P itts burgh, Pa. Guv L. N oble, Managing Director, National Committee on Boys and Girls Club Work, Chicago, III. H enry E. North, Vice-President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., San Francisco, Calif. Clifton W. P iialen, Executive Vice-President, American Telephone and Telegraph. New York, N. Y. M rs. Ivv Baker P riest, Treasurer of the United Slates, Treasury Dept., Washington, D. C. A. V. Uohweder, Superintendent of Safety and Welfare, Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway Co., Duluth, Minn. Robert T. Ross. Manager, Employee Service; Industrial Relations, Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, Mich. M rs. R aymond Sayre, Ackwortli, Iowa. A. J. S ettwantes, Head of Dept, of Agricultural Engineering, Uni versity of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn. H arry S ee, National Legislative Representative, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, Washington, D. C. ) I 1 National Safety Council Louis I). S eltzer, Editor, Tlie Otl:niJ Press, Cleveland, Olii>. P. L. S iemiller, General Vice-President, Inlernalional Association >( Machinists, Chicago, III. Reuben D. S iverson, Manager, Ocpl. of Mannfacliirc and Industrial Development, Qiainber of Commerce of the United Stales, Wash ington, D. C. J. L. Si S nead, J r, President, Consolidated l-'rcightways, Inc , Mmln Parle Calif. Leslie J. Sorenson, City Traffic Engineer, City of Chicago, Chicago. III. H erman J. S poerer, Vice-President, Industrial Relations, The Vnnuc town Sheet and Tube Co., Youngstown, Ohio. A. E. Spottke, Vice-President, Allstate Insurance Co, Sk'iUo-, Ill r G. C. Stewart, Executive Vice President. National Safi!\ i ..i n-il. | Chicago, 111. W altfji A. S tewart, Trustee and former President, American Optical Co., Southbridge, Mass. Arthur E. Stoddard, President, Union Pacific Railroad Co., Omaha, Nebr. i Col. W. L, T ums, Assistant for Ground Safety, DCS/Personnel, l h | , U. S. Air Force; Washington, D. C. t Lloyd Utter, Director, Industrial Health and Safety Division. United Automobile Workers, Detroit, Mich. t Donald G. Vaughan, Secretary. Aetna Casually and Surety Co. Hartford, Conn. v .. Mrs. Georce W elles, IL, Dulutlj, Minn. Dr. George M. W heatley, Third Vice-President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York. N. R. S. W ilson, Executive Vice-President, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. J W. O. W ilson, Manager of Safely, Standard Oil Co. (Ind.), Chi cago, III. D r. W illiam P. Yant, Director ^ f Research, Mine Safely Appliances Co., John T. Ryan Memorial laboratory, Pittsburg!- ' 'a. 11 OFFICERS O F THE ___ WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES CONFERENCE N ATIO N AL SAFETY CO U N CIL 1957-5S ) y Safety 1 E xp o sitio n E xh ib itors i i Advance Glove Mfg. Co.. D etroit, Mich. W ork gloves. ^ T a U ^ J S t'a Z " dustry. Stale ol Maine. Augusta, Marne. ru MRS RAYMOND SAYRE, chairman. Women's Committee. The Preri M ^ ^ a t n c Safety, Ackworth. Iowa. 'J Akron Braaa MIg. Co.. Inc.. W ooster, Ohio Fire hose nozzles and accessories. Alan W ood Steel Co., Conahohocken, Pa. Abrasive rolled steel floor plate. GERTRUDE F " * " * " i " X \j, Y.; HO'>. I' 1'A-' V f t , U.U.d S W V - ~ g fi ' -- * " ' i TM Farm director. Women s Division. Automotive Sa O. A. BEECH, president, Beech A' " * BIESTER. superintendent. United S y ^ D. C M t ^ . MRS. RAE V. M int Philadelphia, P a.; HON. MAR-< " ^g , , ouse 0f Representatives. : own w ire rope snlmube?v- . American Industrial S a lity Equipm ent Co.. Inc.. Cle/eland. O no -- .. CUER1TE S. CHURCH. C a r e s s * Peace> Beaverton. Ore.; V i Face shields, goggles, gloves and mittens. Washington, D. C.; HON. FRA MISS DOROTHY DOWNS. " s,. f , *q Hcrhster. chief engineer. Firemeni ^ T American L a France Corp.. Elm ira. N. Y. s G ERTRU D E F R E S E ; MRS. JEAN jS P , Fire apparatys and fire fighting equipment. Mutual Insurance co.. Providence. R. I-. M ^ ^ ^ ^ De{ense AdministraUo*i ^A m erican Optical Co., Southbridge. Mass. clothing and snlcty specialty WOOD FULLER, director. J""* GILBRETH , Montclair. N . J .; MRS. L. C-.i, if- Head, eye and respiratory protective devices, sa .c y Battle Creek. Mich.; DR. LILLIA GILMOUR. chairman. Womens division, S W.L" ?M R S - r o d e r t * Coun(y Safcly Council. Seattle, ^ ... products. ' . 0 jrfT Y GUNNING,\s!| 'Ampoo Metal. Inc.. Milwaukee, Wla. 3 , Non-sparking, corrosion-reiistant safety too . Station WJAR. Providence, R. I., MR > MRS. HELEN K. KNANDEL. T ranic Engineering and Safety $ f r Ansul Chemical Co., M arinette, Wla. . MRS. JO H N E. KRUEGER, ' "? Dry chemical fire protection equipment. DepL, American Automobile Ms-. rC U L L O U G H LEE. chairman. Subversive j] Milwaukee. Wis.; MRS. DOROTHY McCULLOl A L lc ,r K. LEOPOLD, assistant V industry. Activities Control Board. Washington, D. C .. M , Was!linRlo,,, D. C.; HON. fo Secretary of Labor. U S. Department GERALDINE MACELWANE. judge. Lucas O n y ^ ^ ^ ^ Toledo, ukewood. Ob: v a war programs'. S i m . , plaqu ami tropliics. Ohio; MRS. WALTER V. MAGEE, ... m q i i LING. vicc-picsl.leiil. Home Stel> I ' ^ u i r ^ t ^ ^ r n i o v a b l e w o ik , MARION E. M ARTIN; MRS. C I RU- cily> Mo.; U ON .IVY -i tt;> hydraulic lilt w ork platlorm s. & Women's Activities. Kansas City ir,, ,n, EnuiDinent Editor. The American Home, i M C n t P R I F S T . EDITH1 RAMSAY " " ^ ' ^ L . Trcnlwi T - O . T Bashlin, W . M , Co Grove City, Pa^ Linemen's amt industrial Sate./ e .,- .p - - ' New York. N. Y.; MRS. " ARYcG' ' ^ R S ALMA K. SCHNEIDER, superm- ton. N. J-; MRS. RAYMOND SAYRE MMRS MAMIE KENNEDY TAYLOR, Bausch & Lom b Optical Co., Rochester, N. Y j| lei,dent. United Stales Mint. Denver. C ^ M S' MRS BERNICE T. VAN DER , . Safety glasses, O rtho-R aters and Titan safely .'tile : i d c '; lili .hmI 000341 Ml g T ' We Di 'r Ga S o Transit Board. Chicago Transit Authority. Chicago. ^ Beltone Hearing Aid Co., Chicago, 111 r Audiometers, hearing aid tests. MR jUI-.i) YOUNGER. Los Angeles. CaliC. V ) *I 1017 A ' l t f Sl*ly r.iiiy rrii The Beryllium Corp., Reading, Pa. Safety tools. Best. Allied M. Co.. Inc., New York, N. Y. Safely publications. Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa. Wire rope slings, standard and braided slings. .. * *(4**** tr f Bil-Jax. Inc., Archbold. Ohio Tubular steel scaffolding and equipment. Portable steel bleachers. Bomgardner Mlg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio . . Emergency stretchers, cots, first aid equipment, resuscitators and respirators. Bone Dry Mlg. C o , Neosho, Mo. Outdoor footwear. Boyer-Campbell C o , Detroit, Mich. . . Safety equipment lor industry--individual protective equipment. Brady C o, W . H ,, Milwaukee, Wi*. , Sell-sticking safety products, Perma-Code pipe makers. Breck, John H , I n c , Springfield, Mass. , Industrial hand cleaner; hair and scalp preparations. Brett-Guard C o, Englewood, N. J. New saw-guard combining safely with lull work visibility. Brossard, Lester L , C o , Chicago, IU. . Klear-Vu traffic m irrors and Klear-Vu traffic lane markers. B E ^ c U i c ^ T le t y ' e ^ p n w n h ^ t T o n p o Y i p o r-p ro o l portable inspe lites. explosion-proof llaslilites. grounding devices. Brulin * C o , In c , Indianapolis, Ind. .... . Floor treatments, cleaners, disinfectants, insecticides. Buffalo Fire Appliance C o rp , Dayton, Ohio Portable fire extinguishers and fire department accessories. Bullard, E. D , C o , Sausalito, Calif. Industrial safety equipment. 1 r.rnbridae Rubber C o, Taneytown, Md. . Non-slip safety soles, Vul-Cork and Vul-Cork Neoprene. Chance, A. B , C o , Centralia. Mo. Hot line maintenance tools and line construction tools. Charleston Rubber C o , Charleston, S. C. devices Lineman and industrial gloves, sleeves, aprons, safety devices. Chemical C orp, Springfield. Mass. Protective hand creams, cleaners and Chicago Eye Shield C o , Chicago, III. - Head and eye protective equipment. Chrvsler f Detroit, Mich. "Chrysl ration--The Forw ard Look in Safety. . 56 Clark, J. R , C o , Spring Park, Minn. ^.Industrial ladders. Columbus Glove M^~. C o , Columbus, Ohio ,| J'Coated gloves an^ jprons. Columbus-McKlnnon Chain C o rp , Tonawanda, N. Y. -yAlloy steel sling cliains. ' / .Cunningham, M. E , C o , Pittsburgh, Pa. Safety marking tools. uatsy Mlg. C o , Plym outh, Mich. ' w"qAir rifle. . : avids Gloves, In c , Springfield, Ohio . * Safety gloves. avis Emergency Equipm ent C o , In c , Newark, N. J. . 'Respiratory protection, combustible gas indicators, safety and first aid equipment. etex W atch Clock C o rp , Chicago. III. Watchmen's clocks. MF DeW alt, In c , Lancaster, F a. Radial arm woodworking equipment and safety features. it' ItiDockson C orp, D etroit, Mich. . . . V. Welding helmets, face shields, cup and spectacle type goggles, resp irato r an I <, ,; savers. Dow Chemical C o , Midland, Mich. _ ; Safety solvents, germicides and insecticides. Dow Corning C o rp , Midland, Mich. Sight saver cleaning stations, shoe saver, safety shoes. Doyle Vacuum Cleaner C o , Grand Rapids, Mich. I* Industrial vacuum cleaners, scrubbers ami polishers. ^Protective clothing *for industrial workers made iroin yi,t Neoprene and fire-proolcd duck. Du Pont I. E , de Nemours |& C o , I n c , W ilmington, Del. ` Flame retardant for fabrics and paper, anti-slip floor Neoprene products. \ * asbestos, leather, waxes, protective rubber, c - . Eagle Mlg. C o , W ellsburg. W . Va. ."-Safety cans, oilers, oil and gasoline containers. ;V *. * >V*-- c Edmont Mfg. C o , Coshocton, Ohio 'r . ' Coated fabric work gloves. _ Elkhart Brass Mfg. C o, In c , Elkhart, Ind. 'Fiie extinguishers, municipal and industrial bras'* gooi Elliott Service C o , In c , M ount Vernon. N . Y. ", Accident prevention displays, safety conference pr " Bulletin, suggestion system service. , Supervisor s ilyrekU . Emerson, J. H , C o , Cambridge, Mass. , Cotton, jersey, leather palm, all leather and p lasti' wo "Pendall C o, Chicago, III. ' ; Head and eye protection equipment. 00034.:! ) 19)7 National S o ftly Congress Fibre-Metal Product* Co., Chester, Pa. Eye. head, and face protection and welding accessories. Fine Organic*, Inc., New York, N. Y. High Oath, low toxicity alety solvents. ,, tV - S'i Folr-dordMoautotormCoob..ileD*e, alrebaotrunr.mMg icLhi.feguard steeri,ng wwlliieteell**. s*uunn vvUiaoorr*a., tnat belt* lntiJ3 ment panel padding, and door latclie*. fim Frommelt Induatrie*. Dubuque. Iowa ' Portable welding shield and protective heat cloth. , Fvr-Fyter Div., Fyr-Pyter Co., Dayton, Ohio Fire extinguishers, resuscitators and respirators. General F ire Extinguishers Corp., S t. Clair Shore*. Mich. Quick-Aid fire extinguishers and allied products. Globe C o , Grip-Strut Diy., Chicago, III. G rn-S trut grating, stair tread material*. [,0- Safety / . . hi < Jfc> > Hones ft Co, Rumford, R. I. Eb~g., vFu.l.l vision visor goggles. . i ft LaughUn Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. iW ire rope slings, wire rope. * Junkln Safety Appliance C o , In c , Louisville, Ky.< . ' Power press guards, grinding wheel ehielda, stretcher e<|iii|irnent. Flostrite Mfg. C o, Chicago, III. , " 'llely cans, oily w aste cans, safety electric lantern, flashlights and fire extinguishers. - ' -v 1 gel F irst Aid Supply C o , Chicago, III. i ndustrial hospital equipm ent and medical supplies. Itlley Paint C o, Louisville, Ky. j _ {Convoy skid-proof safety enamel. Halt-fire barrier paint. & tone View Occupational Co, and Meadville, Pa. driver vision tests, lantern slide projectors. dde, W alter ft C o , Inc., Belleville, N. J. Fue detecting and extinguishing equipment, ultrasonic burglar alarm. nball Safety Product* C o , Cleveland, Ohio |Pcrsonal protective devices for industrial workers. Grinned C o , In c , Providence, K. I. Fixed pipe fire protection systems. ,,j (jMathias Klein ft Sons, Chicago, III. Linemen's safety equipm ent and tools. f Knapp Bros. Shoe Mfg. C o rp , Brockton, Mass. ' Safety shoes. jKuni, J , Glove C o , Chicago, III. Linemen's, bridgemeii's and welders' quality gloves. feeder Mfg. C o , In c , Briarcliff, N. Y. .pressurized dry chemical extinguishers. gge, W alter G , C o , I n c , New Y ork, N. Y. _ ... Safety floor m aintenance materials, conductive coatings, static eliminators. " r . s s ^ * . h <- " " * "", K isbestos finger guards Institute of Industrial Launderers. W ashington. D. C. Industrial launderers and cleaners. . lnsto-G as C orp, Detroit. Mich. Torches and furnaces. . n s p s s a w s s a a A"`"- c""' bLehigh Safety Shoe C o , Emtnaua, Pa. Leather and rubber safety footwear. _ ghfoot C o , In c , The, New York, N . Y. .Shin cleansers--powdered, liquid, bar and waterless. ' eLogan Emergency Showers, Glendale, Calif. _ . $1 j- Industrial emergency showers, eye-wash fountains. } _ j... . Lowery Brothers, I n c , Chicago, 1IL, . ./' ' ' Wire rope splicing service. . klltico Co, In c , Minneapolis, Minn. 1 . Uaico audiometers for industrial hearing testing. i _ Hush & McLennan, In c , Chicago, III. i{; Insurance broker and agencies. . ' JZ VmWC . C .,, on. o. r R.duction C ... .U . l i c k l.oltlcii. c b l . -- I' ."'1 > * . J"S pn clothing. N<" '" P V C * -* ^ *-Mrrtindale Electric C o , Cleveland, Ohio if, Protective dust masks, eye protectors, lace shields, Llfasury-Young C o , Boston, Mass. ' f*''Floor maintenance materials. c gjjlUAn, Thom, Safety Shoe D iv , New York, N. Y. Safety shoes. Inc lest instrimynls. sJ1. 0003-13 ) ) S Itfrly N,il..i.il S o f t l y C o H g i r " -on.ld. B. F.. Co., Los Angeles. Calif. .liisirial safely equipment. u,imy i,,javiaUon U*' S W M i S f i * - . u TM ... *. iss&ssr rO^tSSS ,,1, , ,, b ,.n d coaled work gloves, ply waterless hand cleaner. 1 In .` ,, -W" HI and industrial s a ,, y belts. ne Safety Appliance Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. jilely equipment for every industry. . fetersen Engineering Co.f Santa Clara, Calif. ... . .imminent Pengo tension wire stringer, Pengo earth augers and other constrnt non c.,i,.|..nc.,t " for the utility industry. j e e r Rubber Co.. W illard, Ohio gloves; all kinds, liquid proof. rto-Clinic Instrum ents, Inc., New York, N. Y. . . - Driver testing and training equipment and visual aids M driver and traffic safety, p > g |fve Safety Mfg. Co., Cfevetand, Ohio qwer press guards. ..w ie State Products Co., Chicago, IU. _ ^Metaf and electrical safety and directional signs. ^ . igress Industries, Inc., Norwood, R. I. [Salety goggles. `W itectosesl Co., Chicsgo, 111. fire prevention equipment for flammable solvents. A itsman, Ted D efroito Mirrors, Inc., Lynwood. Calif. ^De-Icer truck mirrors. fnlmosait Safety Equipment C orp, Brooklyn, N. Y. , i ^.Respirators, eye protection, helmets, protective clothing, asbestos and leather gl. .... " Putnam Rolling L adder Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. . ,, t Reinforced plastic and extension and single ladders, and oak rolling ladders uJSS fweo Mlg Co., Inc., K ansas City, Mo. Wire rope fittings, safety hooks, load protectors. ew Castle Battery Mfg. Co., New Castle, P a. Pyrene--C-O-Two D lv , The F yr-F yter Co., Newark. N. J. Carbon dioxide and dry chemical extinguishes and syslcms 1 %Racine Glove Co., Inc., Rio, Wis. , , ., . Gloves, apparel, protective equipment--leather, asbestos, and steel remfoic . School crossing signals. Jadiator Specialty Co., Charlotte, N. C. Sale-T-Cone rubber traffic guii|es. 'SS unoolph Laboratories, In c , Chicsgo, IU. f'il. ^Carimn dioxide fire extinguishers, dry chemicals on autom atic systems. watchman t o n , municipal alarm sy stem , ISeecs Wooden Sole Shoe C o , Columbus, Neb. . 5. Occupational H aaards, Cleveland, Ohio Publishers. AVooden sole safety boots, shoes, and sandals. jel Textile C o rp , Industrial Gloves D lv, New Y ork, N. Y. Industrial work gloves. .. .- F- Rockwood Sprinkler C o , W orcester, Mass. ^Automatic fire protection systems; sprinklers, w aterlog, logfoam and foam. 2SSii.. Pac-Kit Co., Greenwich, Conn. Unit type first aid equipment. co ",J P.ekwood G H .. Mfg. Co., St. Louis. Mo. P Safety i_n_d_u_s_tr_ial skin cleaners and dispenser . .__i Mlg. C o, Denver, Colo. ( '. Industrial salety equipment. ,'i, ^Safeguard Mlg. C o , W oodbury, Conn. ; jk, Modern press guards. " Safety Box Toe C o , Boston, Mass. Safety steel Iocs. 'Safety Clothing & Equipment C o , Cleveland, Ohio Salety clothing and equipment for every type of industrial wo 00034 Patent Scaffolding C o , In c , Chicago. IllWood, a l u m r - - d magnesium suspended sectional rieel tuW v ^ First Products C orp, Elmsford, N. Y. canopies, steel grandstand, f c p .. txlinguishcrs. i ; v-il ij> and fold-a ifes! .'.'-j /n I9J7 Notional Safely Cimi/reu Safety F irst Shoe Co., Inc., Holliston, Mass. Safety steel toe slioes for men. Safety First Supply Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Industrial safety equipment. Safety Tower Ladder Co., Burbank, Calif. Safety equipment for fixed ladders and scaffolds. S i t f r t y /:.1 I 'l 't i t 4 Union W ire Rope C o rp , K ansas City, Mo. . , Wire rope "Tuffy" slings, "Tuffy" towlines. ' U- United States Safety Service C o , Kansas City, Mo., J Industrial eyewear. *' 3;r Universal Match C o rp , S t Louis, Mo. i. Safety programs for employees, match book r.afety programs, employee health. J-, sanitation programs, fire prevention programs. ( Salisbury, W . H , & Co., Chicago, 111. Linemen's rubber protective equipment. H ;Wsgner Sign Service, I n c , Chicago, III. } ' '^.Wagner changeable copy displays. ' Sarole, In c , Linden, N. J. Nou-traumatic carrier. Watchemoket Optical C o , Inc., Providence, R. I. , _ Eye-Savers" plastic eye protection and Plasi-Glo^v safety signs. Sawyer-Tower, In c , Boston, Mass. All types of protective and safety clothing. Schrader's A , Son D lv , Brooklyn, N. Y. Pneumatic press controls, valves, cylinders and associated products. Scientific Industrial Supply C o , Chicago, III. Gloves, clothing and general safety equipment. Scott Aviation C orp, Lancaster, N. Y. ... Scott air-pak demand inlialator, demand respirator, hydro-pak. Searjeant Metal Products, In c , Mendon, N. Y. Punch press safety guards, controls, and accessories. Sellstrom Mfg. C o , Palatine, III. Pace and eye protection equipment. Speakroan C o, Wilmington, Del. , Industrial emergency showers, eye-wash fountains. Standard Safety Equipment C o , Chicago, I1L Industrial safety equipment. St% l t ^ ^ i c Cruschlh<fna^quipm i1it and chemical breath test for intoxication. Stonebouse Signs, In c , Denver, Colo. Industrial accident prevention signs. Stop-Fir. In c , New Brunswick, N. J. Fire extinguishers. " ' {Welsh Mfg. C o , Providence, R. I. ^Safety goggles, lens, face shields and helmets. (Western Industrial Pharm aceuticals C o , San Franc sco, Calif. Poison ivy, oak and sum ac ointment. IWetUine Products Dlv. of W estern Lithograph C o , Los Angeles, Calif, pi Industrial signs, m arkers, safety signs, pipe markers, labels, letters-niimhcrs-Mr;i- -. 'Wheeler Protective A pparel, I n c , Chicago, III. }|t Industrial safety clothing for heat and abrasive hazards. fyJR-Whitney, L. A , Associates, I n c , New York, N . Y. . . Visual aids--flannel boards, program s--complete art and production service. Williams Jewelry & Mfg. C o , Chicago, III. 'l*: Safety awards, badges and trophies. .Willson Products Dlv., R ay-O -V ac Co., Reading, Pa. i* Industrial goggles, gas masks, helmets and respirators, and allied safety devices. l i k e Wilson Rubber Co., A Div. of Becton, Dickinson & Co., Canton, Ohio K?; Rubber and synthetic industrial gloves for even use. - >* Ifolyerine Shoe & Tanning C o rp , Rockford, Mich. 1." Industrial safety slioes. , EDUCATIONAL EXHIBITORS nerlcan Optometric A ssn , St. Louis, Mo. "Vision For Safety"--O n T h e Highway, III Industry. - Tavlor S. G. Chain C o, In c, Hammond, Ind. .... Taylor-M ade" alloy steel sling chains and allied products including Tay alloy steel drop forged hooks. Tect, In c, Dumont. N. J. . Vythene and other Tecsolve safety solvents. Tltmua Optical C o, In c, Petersburg, Va. sTfeiy eyewear, oplilhalic instruments, lenses, frames and sun wear. Tool C o, In c , Coverdale. Pa. ,>g hand tools and hand protectors for same. gonne National Laboratory, Lam ont, I1L ^ "Equipment and Guides Used in the Performance of Ra< j Scouts of America, New Brunswick, N. J. pateshgK Exlukit of 1958 Good T u rn Campaign. . Inter-American Safety Council, In c , New York, N. Y. sjThe Safety Council serving all Latin America. jiational Bureau of Standards, W ashington, D. C. "Loading Effects of W ind on Towers." fitlonal Society lor T he Prevention ol Blindness, b^ew ^.Educational material on conservation and utilization ol fety , 0003:5 ft? OFFICERS OF THE AERONAUTICAL INDUSTRIES SE0HON M NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 ) K " * ' Hygiene Chairman (ll'rslI_MPC i r , ... , fjj^lesmo.gosrdroi rN. MM).iv' L,,ck,,i Ai! Si Vi Ov r|'p' Hi,oIiIimgiiiifi r Aaki'r rD,\enve-lo,pirmen*tiChcinklcscr,. Chairman 'Earl)_I r i.-urrrr r< , F j ^ Wrig,,t General Chairman--JO HN S. T. SW ANSON, safety engineer, Orenda Engines Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Senior Vice Chairman (W est) --FRANK W. STARR, safety & conservation adn Douglas Aircraft Co.. Inc., Long Reach, Calif. Viee Chairman (Central)--LYLE A. GATES, safety engineer, Douglas Aircraft Co, Tulsa, Okla. 'i Fire Chairman (East) --K EN NETH L. STEBBINS, director of safely, Lycoming| AVCO Manufacturing Corp., Stratford, Conn. 1 t (wABG) Ilead<uarrr^^rf^itptii.on A jc_^ f j i ^ Crol,n<, Safe'^ PDepl., McDonnall A i S & r p f s t WL ,, ! i | M,, S IS t;,L- *"I*TM*>r. Safely 4 Medical DiV, Boeing Alrplane^ " ^ , * " ^ ^ 0 R K,ENj.LK ,afc,.v supervisor. T ra n s a n ^ . I n d u s t r i a l Rli0n " w ^ c ! ; i | VCoi! D ^ f f i n e ^ w ' "d SCC" r'y ,UP" ' h,. _ T . c , i A c S f f i Setrelary and Newsletter Editor--HUGH J. McKAE, safety director, AVRO Airoa Limited. Toronto, Ontario, Canada. J-j Nnosletler Editor (East)--GEORGE LOUDON, ground safety director, Hq. SSlh'j Division (Defense), United Stales Air Force, Wriglit-Patlcrson A ir Force Base, Qj war Statistics and Contest Chain . " hwy Air I orcc ,.Ker, Nortlirup Aircraft, Inc, Haw"hon,c" ,aii'fL l:E **' ,OMNSON* ehief ssaafely oigi- Mirlies and Contest Chairman / r . _ . > r~.~n [Mr, The Martin Co, Denver Colo ' C ,'O R G E II. IlliFCK , safely director. Den Newsletter Editor (Central)--RICHARD P. DENTNIiR, safely engineer, Rockctdjpj rti and Contest Chairman (East 1-- 1 n i t hi A Division of North American Aviation, Inc, Neosho, Mo. I'i -Research and Advanced Development D iv is io ^ ')* 1^ 1 ' cl,icf !t:,rc'>r 'Kmrcr. AVCO Nnosletler Editor (W est)--C. W. LOW REY supervisor. Health and Safety O fli" D-- ** Personnel. Hughes Research and Development Laboratories, Hughes Airci _ ----- , . ' rC'KC' ........ . ........, Culver City. Calif. ; i HARLIN.^iief. Grorntd S" D i". f ^ a ^ f ' ? ^ M ' v 7 U ^ U e '" * Senior Program Chairman (W est)--JO H N D. DONOHUE, safety supervisor, Rohr A craft Corp., Clmla Vista, Calif; i ] United .4 r5a ,_^n,tcd Stales Air Force Program CAairiinm (Central)--W. H. STAPLES, safety and medical supervisor, TEUI * ief c- -- c / services and safety C O N v a in . ' " W *> a. WAISH Aircraft Corp, Dallas, Texas. V Pomona. Calif. * ^ N V A I R - A Division of General Dynamic, Program Chairman (East)--E. E. COLE, deputy chief. Ground Safely Office, He fopresentalive--W . L. TUBBS Colonel n c Ai- , . quarters AMC (M CAS), Wright-Palterson Air Force Base, Ohio. y. ULS/Personnel. Department of (lie Air Force Washing! for Ground Senior Education and Training7 Chairman (lVest)--U. M. CLANCY, general super ^ Committee--E. P. MARCONI ( a u i r m .n l Safety, Insurance and Medical Services, The Ryan Aeronautical Co., Lindbergh Fid ta ; TullaehoKm.a-, T.....m......; A. F. PPAAGGNNOOTTTTAA e, h| |i !,,:l," ger' Safc|y Branch, AERO. San Diego, Calif. Ikvision of North American A v ia tik l,, r n - n i ' ' f " f' ,y " te e r. Anlnneiics-A >fcty engineer. C O N V A IR -A S . i ' ' Bellflower. C alif.; F. It. TKMI'I . F l.J r Education end Training Chairman (Central)--H U '.D K. KEIENIIURG, ground nil Texas; II. |, JIK M l'fllf L safetv ilirr i** iW p., Fort Wnrfh d--i-r-e-c-t-o--r-, Il,q. S- an Antonio Air Materiel Area,Kell-y Air I'nrrc Rase, Icxas *,l,ii iI.-a. s e: * . *--*b*...e., v<,ahwf.; RS SV MOORP ., r . s * ^ u 1 ' *A `division Ediuuccaatiiioonn acnndd TTrraaiinniinngg CChhaa.irrrmnaonn f(EEaasitO)--- B.. J).. WWI'LLKKKK., JJUIL..t cchWi ef safely e n , undo D iv ? D ^ g ^ i S r C o ' C * W Seg, "t ^ V ' T ' A n DRi 'w ^ k Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corp., Bethpage, Long Island, N. Y. Juninstrator. N,,r,,, American A v i , ^ J T ^ t ^ \ ^ ,L K ,.NS * ' > Senior Engineering Chairman (Central) --FRED L. DENTON, general supervisor. Salt Representative_H O W A lin u u irv s * 'V Section, Boeing Airplane Co., Wichita, Kan. * WAKD R WARZYN National SS.n.ifct Engineering Chairman (East) --FRANKLIN KNIGHT JR., chief safety engineer, Geoq Division, Lockheed Aircraft Coip.. Marietta, Ga Engineering Chairman (W e s t) -U . C. VAL DEZ, chief safety engineer, CONVAU A Division of General Dynamics Corp, San Diego, Calif. 5miori phyi. / Hygiene Chairman (Central)--J. K. I-EV EK EIT, M.D. r, chief fr JNVAIR--A Division of General Dynamics Corp., Fort Worth, 0003;;; .12 O F F / C W OF THE AIR TRANSPORT SECTION * A NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 General Chairman--W. E. BERTRAM, superintendent. Industrial Safety fit Security, Northwest Airlines, Inc., St. Paul, Minn. Pice-Chairman--DALE M. ESTF.LL, safely engineer, Trans W orld Airlines, Parkville,' Mo. Secretary--H. L. BUTLER, supervisor, Maintenance Manuals fit Training, Eastern Air Lines, Colonial Div., Flushing, N. Y. N rwtltiler Editor--N. L. C HRISTO FFEL, staff superintendent, Safety, United Air Lines, Stapleton Airfield, Denver, Colo. EAueolion and Training Division Chairman--DOUGLAS R. MACKINTOSH, safety director, Alexander & Alexander, New York, N. Y. Chairman--Poster Committee--SERGIO SOLIMAN, superintendent. Safety & Securityr Div., Philippine Air Lines, Inc., Manila, Philippines. ! Chairman--Schools Committer--GEORGE H. CALDWELL, director of safely. Academy of Aeronautics, Flushing, N. Y. Chairman--Tro'ming Aids Committer--C. F. SCI1AUII, ground safety director. Capital Airlines, Washington, D. C. Engineering Division Chairman--JO H N DICKSON, fire & safety supervisor, TransCanada Airlines, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Chairman--Airport Committee--HERBERT KAUL, safely supervisor. Casualty, Inspet- 1 tion Is Safety Div., The Port of New York Authority, New York, N. Y. Chairman--Cargo Commillte--RAYMOND BRADY, staff assistant. Cargo Service, United Air Lines, Denver, Colo. 1 Chairmen--Maintenance Committee--ALLEN W. DALLAS, director. Engineering Dir, Air Transport Assn, of America, Washington, D. C. Health Committee Chairman--W. A. BEIRNE, JIL, su|>crvis<ir. Engineering Dept. The Fidelity fit Casualty Co. of New York, New York, N. Y. Membership Division Chairman--CHARLES T. BURNEY, executive assistant. Transporta tion Insurance Rating Bureau, Chicago, III. Chairmem--Local .Servire Lines Committee--A RTH U R E. SCHW ANDT, vice prciidoX. Industrial Relations, North Central Airlines, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn. Chairman--Service Operations Commit're--RALPH I. DEE, ground safety engineer^. United Air Lines, Denver, Colo. Off-lhe-Iob Safely Chairman--L. CORUEIL, fire fit safety supervisor, Trans-Canath; Airlines, Dorval, Quebec. Canada. .1 Progn ion--II. L. MORRIS, safety engineer. Eastern Air Lines, Inc, Miami ir ' I mvt*r Relations Chaiitinttt --U. I.. I'UT Ii'.K, Mt|*nvinr, lndMUri1 S iiirlt, Amrri.i.. tv Allibir, Ini*., Till*, Obli. Statistics Chairman--J. A. O'UONNIiLI-, Mall manager. Industrial Safely, American Airlines Inc., Flushing, N. Y. f I Military Representative--M A JO R C. V. CARSOii. Air Foret ROTC Del. 805. A R M I College of Texas, College Station, Texas. y ' I ^Advisory Committee--JO SE PH M. CHASE, manager. Di, of Mainteiianre & Ki|irip- menl. Flight Safety Foundation, Inc.. New Ytrk, N. Y.; D. D. GORDON-CAR- :i MICHAEL, properties & safety assistant, Trans-Canada Airlines, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; JE R O M E LEDERER, managing director. Flight Safety Foundation, Inc.. New York, N. Y.; E. T. LEE, assistant director of security. Eastern Air Lines. Miami, Fla.; H. R. KODDA, secretary. Transportation Insurance Rating llurcau, Chicago, III.; H. W. SCHILLIN G, [safely engineer. Trans World Airlines, Kansas City. Kan.: COLONEL G ILBERT! E. TEAL, USAF, Demjty Commander, Hq A F Personnel it [I Training Research Center, Lackland Air Forcp Base, San Antonio, Texas; J. H. WATERMAN, manager. Ground Safely/, Traits World Airlines, Kansas City, Mo. [S te f Representative--HOWAKD II. WAR/Z.YYNN, National Safely Council, Chicago, III. * 000^07 Syr*.- V . J5 \ ) IP}7 Notional S o ftly C o n g r tu job. Our objecli(<i should include effort! to promote tire wlely of employee and their familie by: maintaining a comprehen sive ufety program for employees driving company owned vehicles; providing material on highway safety to aid employees driving their own cars; encourage employees to develop safe practices in their homes, on the farm, or in recreational activities; par ticipating in community safely activities. EXTEND EFFORTS O FF-JO The fruits of plant safety discipline should be shown in the off-the-job activities of the employee. If we have really sold him on the rules of conduct not only for ma chinery operation, but all phases o f personal safety, then the employee will practice these rules not only in his own home, but also in driving his car or white using recreational facilities. This does not answer the question of how many days' suspension an employee should receive for an infraction of safety rules. I have purposely refrained from attempting to answer that question because in my opinion that is not a safety problem. The punishment for the infraction of rules is actually the responsibility of. in conjunction with the Labor Department. Where there are many Ini' rules, it is probably due to the fact top echelon of the organisation tie whole-heartedly in agreement with that the supervisor in immediate charts used the rules as a matter of eonr rather than as a matter o f protect! the employee. t Good safely discipline cannot be i by the number of people suspended f ` lation of safety rules but rather measured by the spirit, the push, sincerity with which top management1 ales the safety program. Safely is the direct result of sound, r logical rules of conduct as r ; by the safety department, and enfon all levels of management. Safety discipline depends on the a and the manner in which the tup carries out his day to day assignments contacts with the employee. Safety pline Is the day to day activities of the ployee carrying on his routine duties only on the job, but also off the j o b A - I l Ff > JCERS O F THE [cem en t, q u a r r y a n d m in e r a l a g g r eg a tes sectio n I NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 CAwmum--SEYMOUR B. FLEMING, safely director. New York Trap Rock .West Nyack, N. Y. Editor--ROY G. STOTT, mining health and timely engineer, U. S. Bureau of Washington, D. C. thip Committtt: PAUL HEDLEY, chairman, vire-prcsidenl-produclion, North ' an Cement Co, New York, N. Y.j W H IT J. W ISE, supervisor. Safety it Per- Southwest Stone C o, Dallas, Tex. ' Chairman--FRED E. STORCH, director, Safety it Personnel, The Whitehall Mfg. Co, Cementon, Pa. 'Aide (r Training Committtt Co-Chairmen: C. S. HERZOG, industrial relations ger, Dravo Corp., Keystdiie Div, Pittsburgh, P a .; A. It. HOFT1EZEK, safety j^ctor, Laverack & Haines, lrjc, Buffalo, N. Y. t W r i S o ftty Committtt: H . F. JO H N STO N , chairman. The Funkhouser Co, Hagerstown, M d.; W ALTER A. DEARTH, co-chairman. General Crushed Slone Co., g ^ o n ,P a . ` r Chairman--D. D. SE IPLE, J R , safety director, Standard Slag Co, Youngstown, it (r Conltjt Committtt: JO H N E. MACHISAK, chairman, acting chief Accident is Branch, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C .; ROY STOTT, Co-Chairtubdistrict supervisor. United Slates Bureau of Mines, District A, Washington, .C- ring Chairman--ARV1D TIEN SO N , safety director, Material Service Corp, ,111 'tfristnlalivt--CLINTON H . HOCH, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. U003--1S ~ ~ u 'Vtl ) ) U U l 'wi.J Chemical li>4 1957 National S o ftly Congrttt highly hardened component in high pressure equipment is the cap of the common, flat- gasket type high pressure reactor or "bomb." This is required for practical, structural reasons, but we attempt to avoid it by using other types of closures in all but small, medium-pressure vessels. With this one exception, a minimum of 10 per cent elongation should be specified for materials used in the construction of high pressure equipment. When purchasing metal stock for this use it is wise to specify metal that is free of flaws or inclusions, and is warranted by x-ray or other suit able tests. ' Before a vessel is placed in service it must be pressure tested, preferably to one and one-half times its maximum working pressure. A log sheet should thereafter be kept for each vessel so that a history of 11 service is available. Frequent inspection of each vessel and regular periodic pressure tests are required to avoid failure resulting from corrosion, small stress cracks, embrit- caled behind a barric*dw .M w erved with mirrors. They should not be used to more than 70 per cent of rating, and will last * lot longer and maintain accuracy better il used at only SO per cent of rated pressure. Gas storage or supply cylinders are rather ''thin-skinned" and should not be located b an operating cubicle. In event of trouble, their presence can only add to the problem* The use of check valves in lines betwim vessels, reactors, supply cylinders, etc. adds greatly to the safely o f the operation. T hat one-way valves prevent the possible tack ing up of a reactant o r catalyst, which a* have disastrous consequences. However, a word of caution concerning the use o f check valves I They are usually l spring-loaded ball valve and are easily fouled and rendered inoperative by smsl amounts of foreign- material or d irt Fre quent inspection and testing of these device is imperative, otherwise one may be led into a false sense of security. In essence, the human side of safety re duces itself to one point--education. The difficult problem. These people may be in the area only occasionally and for short periods of time. They may have little knowledge of tbe equipment or work, and must be carefully instructed regarding safety practices which may be peculiar to high pressure work. This type of situation will vary with the parlicular Installation and circumstances, but we ,/l should always keep in mind the uninformed * '"stranger" who has occasion to be in the Clear thinking and attention to detail are essential in this type of work. Always be on guard for signs of trouble. For instance, ... when releasing the pressure from a system it is possible to delect an obstruction in the .entry to a pressure vessel by observing such things as the rate of fall of pressure hi the f vtines. Abnormal behavior in this respect is ' a sign of danger. Observation of such signs may avert the disastrous consequences of opening a sup- edVcbsel while il it stsl|. Men. must learn _ T S cfrifillrf. ' ttc?~b)~-t signs and to deal with them safely. "jhe same philosophy applies to disassem bly') and maintenance work on such equip ment. Each line and vessel most Jro treated as J'hough it is a loaded gun until )" :wc absolutely certain about il. High pressure work may be done safely if rie use clear, critical thinking and careful planning. We cannot afford to be hasty, to disregard safety practices "just this one time" or to let our guard down in any other waK This applies to all types of high pressuip work, be it Urge or small, simple or elaborate. liven if the installation is small and funds are' limited, it is still possible to keep this basic philosophy and conduct the work in a safe manner. In that respect, safely is like happiness--it is the man that counts and money just cannot buy it tlen cut, etc. CONED CONNECTION The common coned high pressure connec tion has frequently been a source of difljculty, most of which is easily avoidable with a little care and attention. The scaling surface is on the tapered end of the tubing, and the force is applied from the threaded gland via the collar on the tubing. First, the sealing surfaces and threads should always problem becomes one of teaching men to understand lltcir equipment and to thin carefully before they act. For instance, one must somehow get across the idea that high pressure equipment, just because it kxdo V>\ rugged, docs not require a strong arm and a long-handled wrench for assembly. Care cleanliness, and a sawed-off open-end wrench will usually d o 'a much more effective Jt* on research scale equipment. CONTROLLING HEALTH HAZARDS IN A CHEM ICAL PLANT by ROBERT A. KEHOE, M.D. head, Dept. Preventive Medicine & Industrial H e a lth . College of Medicine. Univeitlty of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio be smooth, clean, and in good order. If not, they should be remachined or replaced as may be the case. A common error in assembly of one of these connections is in not placing the collar the proper distance back on the tubing. If it b too far back a good seal can be made but all of the force is taken by only a por tion of the threads of the gland, resulting in failure tinder pressure. High pressure gauges present some prob lems, but a little thought when locating them will easily remedy this. Always use the solid front or "blow-out" back type ol high pressure gauge and remove the glass face cover. A piece of plastic film may he placed over the front of the gauge to keep out d: uges should never be placed in such V lion as In be directly in line willi t ling personnel, but arc belt OPERATING PRACTICES l'oints such as this must be empltasirrd, demonstrated, and then continually te- Hazards that are likely to be present in a chemical plant are: enrphasized. We had a technician 1. Ordinary mechanical hazard whom wc had to go so far as absolutely to --accidental injuries (falls, dislocations, forbid him to operate a high pressure valve sprains, fractures, contusion* lacera- with any more force than he could exert tions, thermal and chemical burns, for by holding the valve handle between to eign bodies in eye or skin) ' little finger and thumb. This may have be an extreme measure, but the man 6nu --in association with mechanical equip ment, noise, vibration, fires, explosion, understood. . flying particles or missiles, slippery W e use job description sheets, our " V . floors, rigging, stairs, ladders, elevators, dent prevention Key Point Cards and otter means of discussion to teview importo** v points and l.arards with the men. U* must cultivate the idea that the safety ptx-^ lticces arc grounud .rmules. w...h..i.c..h.....a..r..c....just W . to he broken. In a large plant such asouts the men who come into the area Ire (i . vehicles 2. Modern physical hazards --ultraviolet and infra red radiation; nllrasonus, high frequency waves; X-ray, radium, other alpha, beta or gamma radiation shops and services department P \ j 3. Chemical hazards --old and well known (but not fully con trolled) chemicals --new products of research and develop ment (often unexplored) _exposure in course of research on new products --pilot plant development of new pr.xlurts or processes --new manufacturing processes involving new ways of handling well-known I chemicals or new chemicals. I (!) locus of hazards--aspect of portal t of entry-local effects, such as >..n T tact with skin, dermatitis--scti<iti'a- II lion, gross injury to skin, si-in can- 1 ccr, or inhalation of gases, t a r ts. 1957 /. .onot S a / t l y Congress of aerosols sucli as acid mists, metal fumes, smoke, and radioactivity. In recent years, study and measurements of even smaller particles in air than pre viously observed, known as condensation nuclei, have contributed greatly to our under standing of the nature and number of parti cles in air. The particles in the air on which water will condense are called condensation nuclei; under itatmal nmilitioiis only the larger particles are so effective. When the air is sufficiently super-saturated apparently any particle will serve. as a condensation center. Particles from such diverse substances as platinum, silver, stearic acid, glycerin and lubricating oil will all form droplets at a 'sufficiently high supersaturation of water vapor. Practical methods are now available to measure the number of particles in an aerosol in free air. A wider use of the technique already available for sire ami numbers of an aerosol would not only throw light on some of the problems of air pol lution but would certainly lead to further improvements in our knowledge of aerosols. Respirators for insecticides are tested and listed by the U. 5. Department of Agricul ture. B. G A SE S A N D V A P O R S In this major group may be included most of the air contaminants which arc not classi fied as aerosols. 1. Irritant gases are those which produce inflammation of tissue, such as the skin, the eyes, and the respiratory tract membranes. They are divided into two general groups: a. action is limited to irration (such as hydrogen choride) b. action extends to systemic effect (such at oxides of nitrogen) Some of these gases and va|>ors have pro nounced odors, but the nose cannot be depended upon as a reliable method of es timating concentrations. 2. Asphyxiants are substances which de prive the body tissues of oxjgcn, causing hypoxia (oxygen starvation). Two general methods of action me known: simple asphyxiants (such as nitrogen, hydrogen, helium, and methane), which dilute or re place the oxygen partial pressure in air; and chemical a<' ants (such as carbon tnon- V oxide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, acetonitrile, aromatic nitro and amino com* iMxuids like aniline, nitrobenaant and deriva tives), which combine with the hemoglobin of the blood to prevent oxygen-carbon diox ide exchange. The insidious nature of the action of the simple asphyxiants, and the speed with which they can act, is still not widely appre ciated; whereas most people have a healthy rcs|>ect for the chemical asphyxiants. Under proper medical supervision, pure nitrogen may be breathed for several seconds and this technique has been used clinically by Hlmwich and others. However, nitrogen and the. other simple asphyxiants give almost no warning between the time breathing air it replaced with the asphyxiant and uncon sciousness overtakes the subject. PHySICAL REACTIONS ' A lost of mental facilities begins within a few seconds, and unconsciousness may occur shortly after with no warning. The brain is the first organ of the body to be affected seriously by oxygen want, and the subject "blacks out" quickly. Mention is made of this little-appreciated phenomenon not only because asphyxiants can be released in a room or tank with inadequate warning ` ffriroemextthineguacistihoinngosfysatemfi,xefdrocmarbaolnargdeioxspidilel j of liquid nitrogen, from a leaking gas sys tem, from an inert-gas producer, or from a leaking cylinder, Jm t also because airline- ) supplied respirators, hoods and suits are I frequently attached to a plant air supply with little appreciation of the hazard. i For example, at the Acids and Heavy Chemicals sub-scction meeting. Chemical section. National Safety Council, October 25, 1956, no company present reported ue of :t special air system (or respiratory equip ment. If a cross-connection should occur anywhere in the air system which would permit an asphyxiant, toxic, or flammable gas to enter the air used for breathing, the results can easily and rapidly be fatal. I Oxygen, used indiscriminately, may also I be a hazard, since serious fires have been reported where oxygen, either from a cylin der or an airline, or a leaking hose or pipe, was used for breathing purposes in an air line respirator or hood where welding or other flames were involved. Only a com- ) 000 U r: _> -- C lin n iriil plctcly separate air supply, supplied by . compressor which cannot evolve carbon inon oxide, carbon dioxide, oil mist or oilier un wanted impurities or from cylinders o. tested known purity should be used lor air line respirators, hoods or suits. In any event, regardless ol supply, the system should include pressure relief valves, filters and absorbents as recommended. 2. Anarsthttics are gases anil va|H>ra whose action is primarily by inducing the symptoms of anaesthesia when inhaled in sufficient quantities. These include the sub stances which come fo mind when the word "anaesthetics'' is mentioned, sucli as the ethers, chloroform, methyl chloroform ( 1, 1,1trichloroethane), trichloroethylene, ethylene oxide and nitrous oxide (laughing gas), as . well as hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, other halogenatcd hydrocarbons, the aro matic hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, and carbon disulfide. < t DECOMPOSITION OCCURS In addition to the physiological action of these materials alonp and in combination, decomposition products are produced in a fire or when they are otherwise subjected to heat. Even relatively harmless substances such as the Frcons and the Gcnctrons, (widely used as non-flammable refrigerants of low toxicity, as replacements for am monia, sulfur and ctliaVie), will evolve toxic decomposition product; if they are heated above their decomposition temperatures. This lias occurred where I'rcons and Genetrons were used as cleaning solvents. Metal parts, after cleaning, were heated' above the safe limits in order to dry and flash oil the remaining solvent. Several persons were hospitalized with pulmonary congestion. T ncbloroclhylcnc degreasert, properly installed, maintained and operated, arc safe, yet tbc failure or misuse of these vapor degreasers lias created serious haz ards including both fires and toxicity. ' Mass hysteria and unconsciousness due to the littlc-apprcciatcd anaesthetic action of the tricldoroetliylciic lias occurred in sec onds; in one incident 72 persons were over come, and in another, 26. Fortunately, all recovered after removal to fresh air and oxygen inhalation, 'lhc hazards of carlton tetrachloride mixtures in fire fighting and in other applications are well documented. "Subitohcei producing other -- 'hi* classification includes several miI:.I:-hm s fgSi action differ . from lircyiqnjl) -incli ned substances. Included in tills group are mercury, white phosphorus, tetraethyl lead, nickel carbonyl, arsine, the horon hy drides, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide, and the widely-publicized military "nerve eases,'- Tl^e initial action of these gases and vapors is y'priinarily rut the nervous syslcni. willi refpiratory arrest following. I CONTAMINANTS COMBINE Wf the aboye classifications appear com plicated, it must be remembered that these aif contaminants seldom occur alone, and that: even less is known about the combined action of two or more substances, especially if fliey arc in different groups, than of the individual substances. Even if panicles in the air arc non-toxic in tliciusclvrs, tinw are known to art as m iners of condensaide toxic vapors--formaldehyde can have its toxicity increased five times by the presence of an aerosol. ft is little vvomlrr, thru, that irspiratoiy ptolcctiou can heroine a hip.hly rm itplhan-l s ihjcct. and that the practical appli< alien of respirators, gas masks, and sclf-roulaimd h.entiling apparatus (all with llicir limita lions), even by persons thoroughly lrained in their use, is not cut-and-dried or lootproof. Relatively untrained persons in an emer gency situation, arc in especially vulnerable positions. Many of the case histories at tached to this paper clearly point to the need for more widespread appreciation of the nature of the hazard, as well ar of the limits of the various respiratory protective equipment used. AESPlRATORy PROTECTIVE DEVICES A. AIR -P U R IE V IN G R ESP IR A TO R S The fundamental limitations of any air purifying device are that the air must he within the limits for which the respirator was designed (for example, the oxygen content must be more than 16 per cent) ; the particular unit will only protect again>t the Specific substance or romliuatio:s fo r which it was designed, (f i t example, arrnsol (flispcrsoid) (filler type] respirators will givej no protection against gases ami vapors) ; and the canister or filter must be IS 1957 N otional S a / t l y C o n g m t o c o a r a ` CtiChiifllt htfti'.ltir maintained in proper working condition (nn reduced where higher concentrations of mer designed for specific substance aloil to keep the Jlopcalilc dry,'1 and also lo a properly maintained facepiece that fils cury from elevated Icmpefattlltnr *nd pres only warning that a canister or cfl prevent excessive breath)^rksisianec from snugly enouglr lo exclude leakage). sures are present. (There is no Bureau of Mines approval schedule for mercury ro- is "exhausted" is the detection of _ vapor or gas passing through the canister developing as the dryiTi`Um#>es moist. The shelf-life of the universal canister, Aerosol (filler type) respirators require frequent changes in filters when breathing piralors). Combination cartridge have the limitation of a shorter service life when used or cartridge. ee the canister has been altachrd to the resistance heroines uncomfortable tvlicn nscrl with one particular type of liarard than the Persons who need corrective lenses in ccpiccc is one year, if sloicil with the t here excessive dost or fumes are involved. equivalent specific single-purpose canister order to work properly when wearing the ifittom seal in place, even though the mask Chemical cartridge respirators will safely would have for the same liarard. protect only against the specific vapors and respiratory protection, especially full face has not been used. If stored with Ixilli top pieces, may find of interest two methods of and bottom seals unopened, as received from gases in non-emergency situations where no facepiece TYPES w fjfjj incorporating lenses inside a facepiece. One the manufacturer, the sliclf-li(e is considered more than 0.1 per cent is encountered. Normally, respirators use a "half-mask- method consists of wire frames^ which fit br> some to be four, and by others, five Extremely toxic materials, such as aero* facepiece. covering the nose and moutli, around the circumference of the aight lenses, years. lein, acrylonitrile, aniline, dinielhylaniline, while gas masks use both lull-masks and and hold a 50-mm round prescription lens. I With an respirator or gas mask, the prob arsine, bromine, carbon disulfide, carbon full facepieces. (Only full facepieces on ; PRESCRIPTIONS IN FACEPIECES lem of proper fitting of the Incrpiccc is monoxide, diinelhylsulfale. hydrogen cyan gas masks arc approved by the Bureau ol ide, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen sclenide, Mines). R e c e n tly , the "self-rescue _ nr critical. In addition lo the lime lionmed ji A second method consists of a center technique of holding the hand over the hydrogen sulfide, iodine, methyl bromide, "pocket"' respirator, normally used will t cartridge containing Hopcalitc with a dryer 'f. post built inside the mask, onto which can i be attached 40mm rimless glasses. Such v^ arrangements seldom allow perfect align- libelling in the bottom of the canister Idle iifltaling gently lo sec that the (arcpiece will cdllapsc on the face, another technique re methyl chloride, nickel and iron carbonyl, nitrobentene, nitroglycerine, nitromethanc, oxides of nitrogen, ozone. phosgene, phos and designed for escape from mines, has . been extended inlo other cartridges. ^ Fl(ment of the prescription lenses lo the yiew- cently suggested by llic A.E.C. is to use phine, phosphorus, trichloride, stibine, sulfur The mouthpiece of this style respirator is , ' tr 's eyes, but, with adjustment, a sufficiently isoamyl acetate. chloride, the boron hydrides and others are held tightly by the front teeth of the wearer, | accurate fitting can be achieved for most purposes for reasonably tong periods of Since isoamyl acetate (which smells sim too toxic even in low concentrations for re and the breathing is accomplished info!1' time. ilar to bananas) can l>c detected in a con liance to be placed on simple cartridge type respirators. the moutli. A nose clamp blocks 0 the openings of the nostrils, and prevents irri centration of as low as one part per mil The type N universal gas mask canister lion, a small leak will he dclerlid ii ike tation of the membranes of the nose. A is constructed of several layers including acetate is placid on cotton and tin- iott"ii NOT FOR ODORLESS GASES neckband permits the respirator to be worn activated carbon (to remove organic vapors), passed slowly around Ihc edges of the mask Chemical cartridge respirators should not ready for slant use. Twelve d'H" soda lime (to remove acid gases and carbon without touching either the caret's lar be used against gases which arc odorless filler cartridges will fit Hie basic holder and , dioxide), copper sulfate (to protect against or the mask. If the wearer can dclc-t the or whose odor threshold is high, since the only warning of failure of the respirator or mouthpiece. .' Industrial canister-type gas masks, with .ammonia gas), silica gel and other dryers (to remove moisture both before and after - (lie Hopcalitc), and Hopcalitc itself (a mix- odor, a leak is indicated and the mask should be further adjusted until the odor can no longer be detected. of concentrations which are above the ability of the respirator is odor. Methyl chloride canisters designed for specific substances . combinations, have the same limitations , lure of metallic oxides which catalyzes the conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon CIVIL DEFENSE. MASKS is an example of such a gas whose ^warning properties ate loo slight lor practical pur general as chemical cartridge respirator*, except they arc effective in concentrations ol dioxide), plus a filter for smoker. As part of its chemical warfare defense poses. Substances which arc highly irritat any specific gas or memlier of the sam;. ing to the eyes, siicli as sulfur dioxide, re group of gases for which they are designed^ , This canister can lie used aa protection ' against smoke and gases which do not ex ceed two per cent by volume total, where program, the l-'edcral Civil IJcIcnw Ad ministration is stockpiling a mask desig nated ns CD V-800 organizational mask lor quire eye protection (such as a gaslight t goggle, an air-supplied hood, or a full-face- of not more than `wo Per c.ent ,n two per cent total for a mixture of ga*? I. adequate amounts of oxygen are present use by civil defense personnel. The canister for which the canister is designed. ' Sixteen per cent oxygen is died as the on this chin-style mask is the same as used P Several berimatory (tear-producing) sub- The ammonia canister is approved for.. ^practical minimum, but life is not actually hi the U. S. Army Assault Mask. 1 his \ in danger until about 14 per cenL ilfai mask is reported to give ''excellent pro tances, such as benzyl chloride, are in the three per cent ammonia. I-or shorter period same classification, and a respirator alone . of time, industrial canisler-lypc gas masks is clearly inadequate. Some substances, such can be used in higher concentrations, but ; oxygen is present. A timer is used (o count l the number of inhalations, and indicates tection against CW (Chemical W ariarc) and IIW (Biological W arfare) agents, as well as against the inhalation ol radio as carbon monoxide, cannot be stopped by ihe time of service life will be reduced t , about two hours total use. logical particles, or CBR (chemical. Mo- a chemical cartridge (except by the Hop- E calite in the Type N universal gas mask Depending on llie sue of the canister, and M the service for which it was designed, the, DISPOSE OF CANISTERS logical and radiological)". and in the miner's pocket self-rescuer). Ammonia cartridge respirators will protect service lime varies. Protection for a combination of various Designed lo he used in conjunction ith a detection kit, CD V-810, which 'ill dclctl against ammonia up So 1,000 p.p.m., w n r gases, such as acid gases, organic yapo* 'ST; A canister should be discarded at leasta id distinguish between the nerve gases and eye irritation from ammonia begins at about ami ammonia can all be obtained in one y aj soon as the timer indicates the |K>inlcrthe mustard gases, the V-800 mask is r. 700 p p m canister, but the service life of wch T has completed one revolution, if not sooner. specific mask for war gases (including Mercury cartridge respirators are eltcc- continuation is shorter in the k;One authority recommends that universal verve gases) and will not protect against tive against concentrations of mercury vapor istcr when used with one specific substance, d I 4 5 granft canisters be weighed immediately ondtrrbe-on monoxide, ammonia and other gases. norma'' ountered at ambient tempera (ban is (lie life of an equivalent ca- (fc'since it ^iceipt from the manufacturer, andIjhtheat Athremyy Chcmica' ps recently an tures .ervice life is proportionately $ be discarded as soon as they have gained Bgrams. This 45 grams limit was inqioscd represents the limit of the dryers IViT Notional S o f t l y C o n g r tu noimcrd a mw F.-I3 nnk tor troop*. It ) ilfigiifl to give llir olilicr complete protection sgainst the inhalation of war germ warfare agent* and airborne radioactive lallnnt panicle*, but doc* not protect again*! direct radiation. The new mask doe* not have the pro truding canister used in current masks. This wa* made possible through develop ment by the Chemical Corps of a new light-weight, pliable gas-aerosol filter ma terial. Pad* of this material are enclosed Within cavities molded into the rubber face piece of the mask. Lower breathing re sistance, superior vision, better speech trans mission, and greater comfort are claimed. It should be noted that the CD V-800. the existing and the new Army gas masks should be-uied for purposes for 1" ' 1 "*** were designed only. After both World War I and II, several instances were reported where "surplus" Army masks were used for protection against gases for which they were not designed, with serious conse quences. It is iiniKiitanl that gas masks are not misused. B. A IR -SU P P LIE D R E S P IR A T O R S Since the simplest solution to all respira tory problems is to supply pure air to the breather, the use of an air supply from tome remote source where the air is not contaminated is both simple and logical. ! route. These hose masks can bo iP^f only if the above precaution* are observed. , Airline-supplied Bureau of Mine* Type C ', respirators are divided into two classes! ( ) / the continuous How type and (b) the demand V or inlcrinillatit demand flow type; (a) 1 usually used with a powered compressor or blower, while (b) is usually used w t* i breathing air supplied from cylinder*, FI* 1 use of such equipment in atmospheres mediately hazardous to life is not recom- * mended *ince failure of the air supply or . fouling of the hose would be serious, and . further, it is absolutely necessary to have 4 respirable air of unquestioned quality. J We have previously noted th^ hazard of using a plant air supply for air-supplied breathing equipment, ft is recommended that a separate air system be used exclu sively for breathing air. Depending on t it pressure available and the diameter of Ui* hose, there is a limit to the length of hose which is practical. Wherever possible, such systems should be piped as close to tlic outlet as iwssible. so possibility ot fouling of the hose a.! culling oil the air supply will be mummied Exit from areas where air-line respirators arc used must, of course, be the same as the route in. If a compressor or lank sup ply is used, sufficient pressure relief control must be available to protect the wearer against pressure in excess of that prescribed ` Is used for head, face anil respiratory pi '' lection. Depending 011 the particular Inbv > plastic, or compoiilioit used In its conslri*- i 'lion, this suit allows work inside tanks, reaction vessels and other confined s|iacc which still contain a hazardous atmosphere. ' Property used, together with safeguards to ^insure that the wearer's air supply and lifeLjine are always In proper position and work- zjing order, this suit has increased safely ^ and decreased operating costs in maintenance | i work inside tanks containing materials which ..are corrosive or are easily absorbed through `(.the skin such as aromatic amino and nitro compounds. The same limitations noted .above for air-line respirators should be K;aoted. Regardless of the type "respirator" used, f a definite program of control is necessary to I; insure the device is used properly, is prop- 1 erly maintained, and that it is doing wlint j}. is expected of it. After the Canadian Chalk :f River atomic reactor incident, respirators 4 were used to prevent inhalation of radio -. active contaminants. 'I bis program was suc- 1 cessful only after a respirator official was appointed to control the use and mainte nance of respirators, regular urine-samples were analyzed to show definitely llie degree ; of absorption, and an improved respirator was made available. j ,C. SELF-CO NTAINED B R E A T H IN G \ APPARATUS \ For many applications, air-supplied equip ment has real advantages, but this equip ment is subject to definite limitations. The simplest type is the Bureau of Mutes Type B hose mask, which is a facepiece to which for the equipment. * AIR-INFLATED SUITS Air helmets, air hooks, anil air-supplied suits have the same general _limitations ' Self-contained breathing apparatus supply complete respiratory protection in any con centration of toxic gases and under any ^oxygen deficient atmosphere. However, cer| tain gases and vapor will cause systemic is attached a hose without a blower which must extend to a respirable source of air. This mask depends on the breathing action of the wearer to move the air. For Ins reason, a maximum hose length of 75 fee has been established for the hose mask with out blower. Low pressure blowers, operated cither by for air-line respirators. An interesting d vclopmcnt in this field is the use of auinflated suits for protection of the whole body against hazardous materials. In one form, the large impervious plastic. tunnel or pipe allows a man to work m one room while using a.r from another . the slight air pressure supplied giving bolk t poisoning by skin absorption.' Although a t small group, these exceptions are highly 1 important, including hydrogen cyanide, nitro 1 and amino aromatic compounds, ethylene | mine, phenols and a few others. These J gases and vapors require complete skin * protection of an impervious type in addi1 lion to respiratory protection. hand or by power (power blowers do no breathing air and inflation (or b < y ) t ^ ` carry Bureau of Mines approval) arc used suit The front of the suit is tailored in to supply Bureau of Mines Type A hose a facepiece, and arms with gloves ate m asks up to 150 feet AM hoses should taciied. Mobility is reported good with _ originate at the blower. the obvious limits imposed by Ibe length^ A respirable source o( air must be as* " ol llie tunnel attached. - sured, and a salety man must be presen at the blov at all limes. Fouling ot he hose ma. I the air supply, and the ,, U route * the same as the enl.ance 1,, another form, a complete suit built-in arms and legs is supplied with au for inflation and a hood, also air supp ^ EARLY REBREATHING APPARATUS h The early self-contained rebreathing apIparatus, which was imported from Europe, bad serious deficiencies. Loss of life was reported by users in ibis country; 19 acci dents are reported involving 26 facilities between 1911 and 19-40, due partly to equipS*^ent failure and partly to improper use. 0 0 0 3 r 4 . . Cheil^Oll fndmtrici lines and standby $cuc squad'; were employed, the apparatus w ti generally Valisfndory in the hands of*Tn4iaU (f;tinnl users. ; The {rat self-contained breathing appa ratus toibc approved by the U. S. Itnrcaii of Minps was of the two-hour rebreathing type- y The il xygen rebreathing type apparatus is relatively heavy (39# for the two-hour type) and is bulky. Most self-contained (closed jcirciiit) oxygen breathing appara tus in sjse today require mouth breathing with a pose clip, but a full facepiece lias recently been approved. Careful training is required in use and in maintenance of this apparatus. A minimum of 20 hours initial training is recommended by the b u reau of Mines. RESTRICTS MOVEMENT Demand-type air ami demand i j p r o x v i m i i breathing apparatus is available in ball ipctrIcr hniir and 7}j itmniir r.itim:< the half-Imur demand :ip|a.ri t I' f Mines apptFsvid. ! ** ' approval wlndiil if .................. contained apparatus of S 'I . Although the schedule of wi.il. m w! h the Bureau's half-hour rating is exhaust ing, large men under extreme stress have exhausted a half-hour (40 cti. ft.) cylmd< r in significantly less than a half-hour. Differing only in whether it is supplied with compressed oxygen or compressed air, the .apparatus weighs nearly 30 pounds for the half-hour type, with the large cylinder (40 cubic feet) on the back. It is relatively awkward to put on and it restricts action in confined spaces. With practice, it may be put on and into operation from a mourned backboard in less than 20 seconds. * The back position of the cylinder makes it difficult to crawl under equipment. Climb , iiig in and out of small openings, such as manholes, requires care when wearing this type apparatus. Operation of a motor ve hicle is awkward when wearing a cylinder on (lie back. (15-niiiiulc and 7^-tinnuic demand apparatus use smaller cylinders suing on the side of the wearer, which overcomes this objection to some extent.) The nurtly of the air or oxygen with which (fee cylinder has been charged should always Sc questioned since o'* ' gases such i 19 1957 N otional S a fe ly Congress at nitrogen, acetylene and carbon dioxide and gat mixtures oilier Ilian air have ac tually been found in "breathing air" cylin der*. Error* in compressed air used for breathing may be rapidly fatal, and every newly-filled cylinder should be checked to insure it actually contains "breathing air," regardless of the *ource of supply. Unless the user has his own compressor producing air o( an unquestioned purity, no cylinder should be put on a demand breath ing apparatus or air-supplied respirator, hood or suit until the contents have been checked for purity. The Orsat gas analyzer or the Beckman paramagnetic oxygen analyier are often used in analyzing oxygen percentage while carbon monoxide may be checked with the National Bureau of Stand ards colorrnelric tester available from two manufacturers. High pressure cylinders may leak, and frequent ins|iection is necessary to insure that the air or oxygen is actually available for use in an emergency. High pressure valve, gauge, and demand regulator must lie maintained in t,|* operating condition liy iii*|irrliiiii mid n irguhil picvrntutlvc maintenance schedule a* rcconinieudcd by the manufacturer. ATMOSPHERE CUTS SERVICE If dcmand-tyiie apparatus is worn in environments where pressure above one at mosphere is present (as in caissons or tun nels under higher than atmospheric pres sure), the service'time is reduced as the pressure increases. This is also true of un derwater use of the regular demand-type apparatus; a special adaption is available for underwater swimming. Other peculiar effects have been reported when demand and closed circuit oxygen breathing apparatus was worn under pressure. . The use of oxygen in atmospheres above two atmospheres absolute pressure should be avoided since oxygen produces a toxic effect under such conditions. For periods up to 12 hours at normal atmosphere pres sures, however, oxygen may be used without apparent ill effects by healthy persons-- persons in questionable physical condition should no/ wear ittry emergency breathing equipment, but should remain away from contaminated air and underwater. When t^ been deplet .ply of air or oxygen Iras e supply in the demand type F. ) K 000*:.. 0 r Chemical ImIu'Iih i i ", h . apparatus cuts off abruptly ai*k Jjie lace- 1 y gen concentrations) with a check for mable vapors and gases (using one o v J ln be' xcrciscd to avoid cuti from the !lbrn top seal when removing.Jt, and the piece must be removed Immediately or many instruments commercially avail; ranrsttr brought- securely^ into'^ilacc after asphyxia can occur. One British half-hour breathing apparatus has available as op-' and a cheek for whatever toxic gas is it has'been punctured by tlic' sharp p"int designed into the apparatus for that purpose. tioual e q u ip m e n t an automatic warning whistle (P at. No. 64-IIOS) which will start , to blow when the cylinder pressure fslls !j ...suspected (fo r CO, for exalmplc, the Na- lionat Bureau of Standards gllass tubes conj tabling palladium chloride which changes The facepiece should not lie donned until the cahisler is completely scaled. A ftesli canistcjy should always be used in any to 300 pound/square inch, to aid in warning,f Lcolor with CO). To ignore any one of these fundamentals is to run risk of trouble, emergency. the wearer to return to fresh air at onct'ij v Once opened, a canister will continue to Tlic seal around the facepiece must be ' SAFE 45 MINUTES evolvcr oxygen even when removed from absolutely gas-tight in a toxic atmosphere ? The s e lf - c o n t a in e d oxygen-generating the apparatus ami rc-capped. To cuter a since in the demand-type apparatus the face-- breathing apparatus is approved by the hazardous atmosphere witli a used canister piece is under sligfit negative pressure Bureau of Mines, and is rated for 46 min is a iiighly dangerous practice--a fresli momentarily during the beginning of thetj utes. Some of the models produced for canister must lie employed to insure safely. inspiration pluse of the cycle. A recent} jj the military are not Bureau of Mines ap In vioyv of the relatively high cost of these revision by one manufacturer climinatcsv proved, however. The weight of 14#, car canisters, tlic temptation to rc-usc canisters this negative pressure park of the cycle* olled on the chest and stomach, gives it a is grcal, hut should lie avoitlcd, ami canisters Another novel feature of another demand decided advantage liotli in weight and con- promptly disposed of to insure the safety mask (54 cubic feet of air or oxygen di 3 |venience over the demand-type apparatus, of the text user. vided between two 26 cubic foot cylinders j|t although the chest position creates liinila- for balance) is a plug-in attachment car- *' tions in use under sonic conditions. DON'T RE-USE CANISTERS ried with tlic mask for administering re , The highly exothermic reaction which The disposal of the sclf-cnulaimd >" suscitation |u an overcome |icrson on-the-spot generates oxygen from the potassium super generating canisters must lie pci formed ac while still in a toxic atmosphere. - oxide (KiO<) evolves significant heat, which cording to the instructions. Oil. grrasc, ga .. In the aliovc discussions, no mention has V might serve as an anlo-ignition source to line, or other flammable or i-iiiiil.ti-ld.il- hccu made of the fire and explosion hazard carlion-disulfidc ur nickel carlmnyl vapors liqilills must he kepi funil the caiii-ter m..-i'b. nf nir which U richer than 21 per cent Is -- under rxlieme rniidilluus. This tcuqicij- nr all rxplt-.h*n will im. iii. truly il.-ui oxygen, or of pure oxygen itself. Certainly lure of the canister surface may reach water ill large quantities should be te-cd 1. air should not be replaced with oxygen, V 250*F, and is equivalent to the hazard pre- destroy a canister. The canisters should cither in a breathing apparatus, in a ventila-. L tented by unshielded incandescent lamps, be promptly dis|ioscd of. and not lie left lion technique, or for any other purpose,: * , hot plates and steam Ipipes in sucli an sitting around where they couid conla.t without full consideration of the increased 'j ' atmosphere. j combustibles. potential hazards from lire, as the oxygen v.,'; When worn in hot areas, or while work- F q reasons noted under discussion of concentration incrqpses above the 21 per jing hard in the heat, the oxygen generated demand-type breathing apparatus, the self- cent oxygen content of air. A flammable, rrTmay o c c u p y a v olum e which rqduifet contained o x y g e n -g e n c r a tin g apparatus vapor-oxygen mixture requires only about, % "dumping" of surplus oxygen to maintain 'should not be worn under pressures greater one thousandth tlic energy to ignite it as f comfort. The apparatus! require* ease in than tsvo atmospheres absolute. docs a corresponding flammable vapor-ait, llarting, especially in sub-f reezing tempera- mixture. ' ' lures--for this reason it is considered good Smaller Self-Contained Brcathimi and Tlic resulting fire or explosion is many j ptaclice that both the apparatus and the Oxygen Inhalation Devices times more violent. Failure to appreciate j!i canisters be stored inside or in a heated , . U. S. Bureau of Mines approval for self- these facts (which have been published and truck cab or automobile, and that the Cp-, ^contained breathing a p p a r a tu s currently well documented for years) has cost many _ * paratus be thoroughly started above freez- makes no provision for apparatus rated lor lives, l-or this reason, it is as important t ..ing temperatures, if fiossiblc. less than 30 minnlcs. In emergencies wlictc to analyze a suspected atmosphere for oxy-, gen concentration as for flammable vapors (i Unless the sub-freezing starting is llior("rougli, the wearer may be aware of insuffi- a smaller, less cumbersome device with a shorter life would give adequate prolreiiun. and gases, and for toxic gases. By using . cicnt oxygen during the first few minutes, tlic only available devices until rcccntl. cither the lime-honored mine safety lamp by a feeling of "light hendedness" and dilfi- as an oxygen indicator, or the more re ,1 [: cully in coordination. If such a condition were regular demand masks with sm-rtlct cylinders for 20, 15, and 7'A minutes serv cently available Beckman paramagnetic oxy \ * i* noted, he should rcUun to fresli a;r, ice. using tire same faccpicrc. reducers ami gen analyzer, it is ixjssihlc to obtain fast 5 deflate the bags and re start the apparatus, regulator's as on the larger approved devices. ami sufficiently accurate oxygen analyses : until the breathing rate and the generating Kcrkguizing that many (perhaps most) fur practical purposes. rate balance before re-entry. breathing emergencies can he brought under Combine such oxygen analysis (which will in inserting the canister in the canister control in 10 minutes, and that the first reflect inert gases or oxygen deficient at lioldcr (canister is stored separately), care I30cc Wf expired air coni?' relatively Itt- mospheres as well as excessively high oxy, ! oooarn; ChfWtrni //im / hY i 1957 N atio n a l S a fe ly C o n g reu lie COv there is now available a hglitweiglit device in which oxygen from small cylinders, su p p lem en t by Ue first lOOcc o| the previous exhaled breath, .s used Cor breathing at a ra.e of seven liters per mmult The device is still too new for cxlcu sive held experience, but and new approach to the weight, bulk and cost of presently approved equipment. Another recent development is a small portable anaesthesia and oxygen breathing ice which is designed for use by med.cal personnel'primarily, but which has obv.ous .. . _ -!#-.r#scucrM for escaping on demand-type apparatus frequently for leaks: canlsteFTW **" "*" ' or universal service masks o r chemical ca ridJgb'e- re'-s'rp-i-r-a-t-o-r-s must be replaced. . . JSSZ ^^Ufrlnur^U^ deterioration are as important with respira tory protective equipment as with fire e hnguishers. parachutes and hfe-hnes. t r a in in g deficient Training is the third, and peHmvi " ` Signals as used by mine rescue teai on OATH ( 0 = 0 K = 1 pull; vancc=2 pulls; T-take-up=3 pulli------help= 4 pulls) should be employed and stand-by men, ready to enter the area for rescue, should always be on hand. Hand-carried short-wave two-way radios may also prove useful for communication between base and field party. When used in atmospheres which may contain^ flammable vapors or gases, any electrical devices should have a "permissible" rating by the Bureau of Mines for the gases or vapors involved. PHySICAL EXAMS LACKING The need for proper physical examina tions for persons wearing emergency equip I'o JV . CASE HISTOKRK AhfM Q N lAjk The incident in qutStlfc5Iook plncc in Singapore, Malaya, during the early days of the war 1942, just prior to the fall of \Ur city jto the Japanese. Our ship was tied alongside the doi-h*. havirig just completed a mission. The city was jitider air attack continually, so that tve main ained a full scale Mattie Watch, ready for iny emergency. It was after one of thes< ( raids that a strong odor of ammonia w,, a,,s Observed on our ship: our blower vciuilatin i system was picking it up. Investiga tion by our shore patrol informed us tlial a large cold storage plant had been hit and th a t'lie local fire department was attempting ment lias not always been appreciated in the to rescue several members who were trapped past. A regular program of physical check inside the buildings. i>linder< each containing three liters wi on a device 10 a T , u c Bureau oxygen, 'and a six liter rubber rcbrcathing is not adequate training. The U. & ups with particular attention to the respira tory and circulatory system as well as general physical condition probably would O ut fire and rescue section was dis patched to the scene at once; wc v.crc equipped for such work with demand-type " "using the device for escape, it is claimed , young male adult walking three ravel safely for 1100 yards using a ZOUcC ill resuscitation. >... - . 1 ! ' Mainlrnancr. Training and Medical Precaution! In discussing respiratory Protection.^ we - ' Z d V the"llir *ir through'ils ^district and iug apparatus. The course can he modified to ciat needs on request. Addresses iof office, which offer these courses may ^ obtamed by contacting the Health and SaHly Urn cion of the Bureau of Mines. 4800 t orKS St Pittsburgh 13. Ta. This scry.ce of lb Bureau is available lo the mineral and allied industries,-as well as ,, HeCaUhSa..d 's a fc "y 'field 'o lfi * emergency. . During Iraining. breathing in -* at'f,ar. have prevented some cases where inhalation breathing apparatus, with proper protective of a smoke combined with physical exertion with or without respiratory protection, lias produced serious illness. equipment and safely lines. Upon a u o il wc were hiirfed as to the plant lavont and the possible loi ati.in id 10 mi ll inside lliv I odd l 'litse rales before, during and aflcr ex ercise, general physical condition, moderate weight, good eyesight and proper teeth alinetnent (where mouthpiece breathing is in volved) are considered! vital to pre-training by the Bureau of Koines instructors. A ing with a lliilisli type eanislrr ma-l. f->r protection. Wc cntcicd the area woiKimr in pairs, and during the next 20 iniiniivs removed 10 firemen, who had been well trained by Ihc best of British methods, but unfortunately ill equipped for such violent practice of not permitting persons to return conditions. unprotected to smoke or fumes after they When found, all men were uncoi<riiu* have been overcome and revived, would and upon removal from the building were help prevent more serious inhalation effects. . rushed lo the hospital, oxygen being r Inim- Such restraining action may require physi cal force to implement it in practice, since a patient who is partially recovered from fume or smoke inhalation may display highly istered enroute by a fine Australian^ n* 'dtc.d team. Of the 10 men rescued, six died fimii the effects of ammonia inhalation, four men recovered completely. irregular behavior. One recommendation is During the entire operation ncnc of our that persons sufficiently exposed to smoke leant experienced any breathing difficulty: and carbon monoxide to require treatment the teaching of damage control, fire and "v .." S iS nTohte aid*eawl iborceiajthing appa a us al as yc.t lD \yc should not return to active duty in less than :four lo six hours, while those who have been rendered semiconscious or unconscious rescue work by Naval slamlaids me ieiy good. Their careful selection of reliable equipment lias been the result of careful re e i MIC ~----- . Maintenance of the apparatus in firSl cl^ s f apparatus will wear, tarnish or ^ rr* . ^ s r r r c T S ^ i n i : a small building with a smoke I'. ^ . . y.... v i,-.rli is relatively harmless ca,`, be ventilaled out without any damage The "buddy" system and team drill shouH bc^ practiced, as in a r ^ . cmergency^ Tbr 'should test 24 to 48 hours. .**, Properly maintained breathing apparatus, wed with full appreciation of its limita *tkms, by healthy persons, properly and aiicjqtntely trained, will eliminate most fume fti&abililies in the future. However, the ideal f e a s s s i r a t i s until there is sufficient demand for il. any underground, tank or s y , search and experience. NITROGEN i r AIR-LINE RESPIRATOR Employees in an area were required to uussee' air-linc resp..i.r.a.t"or's liansirtiave prccaiilnu T it r s r l i s t - stri-ment air. ) 1957 N a tio n a l S a fe ty C ongress FILMS 1. Mechanisms of Breathing (KHP) 612.2-1, Pcmiyslvama Slat University, Audio- Visual Aids Library, State College. Pa. or Encyc. Brit. Fill, Inc. 1150 W il mette Ave., Wilmette, III., (lOuint sound, II fiiiu). \ 2. Oxygen, 16mm sound, 10 min.. B&W and color. Coronet Films, Coronet Bldg. Chicago 1, III. 'Che A ir W e Breathe, 16mm sound, 26 min., B&W; Mine Safety Appliance Co., 5-45 49tli Ave., Long Island City, N. Y. or local sales office. 4. The City That Disappears (Los Angeles), 16mm sound, color, 30 min., (Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, Calif. 5. A Report on Smog, 16mm sound, color, 20 min. (same source as 4). 6. You Bet Your Life, 25 min., 16mm sound B&W, available same source as 3. 7. Use of Oxygen in Aviation, TFt-4595, 22 min., I6min sound, color, same source as 8. 8. Oxygen, In-Flight Requirements, TF-1-5038A, 25 min., 16mm sound, color. Air Force Training Films, Eastern Film Exchange, 1356 Film Library Flight (A PCS) (M A T S ). Marietta Air Force Station, Marietta, Pa. 9. O xygen-In-flight Equipment, T F 1-5038B, 30 min., 16mm sound color, same source as 8. 10. The Physiology of Anoxia, 30 min., I6mni sound, B&W, same source as II. 11. The Breath of Life, 10 min., 16mm sound color, H. J. Polk, Oxygen Therapy Dept.. Untie Air Prod Div., U.C.&C, 30 E. 42nd St., New York 17, N. Y. 12. Safe etui liflifienl Oxygen Therapy, 20 min., 16mm sound color, avail, same source as II. 13. Nitrogen Inhalation Therapy, 10 min., 16mm silent color, Dr. H. E. Ilitmvtcli, Galesburg State Research Hospital, Galesburg, III. 14. Sotvey Chlorine Emergency Devices, !6tnm silent color, 40 min.. Research DepU Solvcy Process Div., Allied Client. & Dye Corp., Solvcy, N. Y. or local Sotvey sales branch oil. 15. Use of the Air-Chent Suit, 16mm sound, 30 min. color, Cost Reduction Section, Chamber Works, Organic Chemicals Dept., E. I. DuPont dcNemours & Co., Inc. (Penns Grove, N. J.) avail, both with magnetic sound tract & regular optical sound tract. 16. Breathing Apparatus, Fire Dept. Training Film, I6mm sound B&W, 30 min., Public Relations sect. Los Angeles Fire Dept., Los Angeles, Calif., also avail, aa Navy Train. Film 17. Breath o f L ift, 16mm sound, color, 10 min., Scott Avia. Corp., Lancaster, N. Y. 18. No. 2 Training Film, 16 sound B&W, 20 min., Scott distributors. 19. Damage Control, Oxygen Breathing Apparatus, MN-6931A, 16mm sound, B&W, 22 min.. Navy Train. Film, U. S. Naval Train. Aids Center, E. Coast, 207 W. 24th St.. N. Y. II. N. Y. 20. Rescue Companies, 16mm sound 30 m in, by Warwick & Tompkin, Public Rela tions section, Los Angeles Fire Dept., Los Angeles, Calif. 21. Nerve Gas Casualties & Their Treatment, 16mm sound color, 30 min., Stale CD Offices, or thru the Federal CD Admin, Battle Creek, Mich, on Fed. contribu tions prog, or thru W. U. Jacques, E. R- Squibb & Co., 745-5ib Ave., New York, N. Y. 22. Gas Obstacle Course, TF-14440,' 16mm sound, B&W, 19 min., 1943 (A ir Force) - source as 8. 23.. Effects of Weather on the Travel o f Sntoke & Gas Clouds, T F -1-4666 ,m sound. B&W, 21 min., 1949. avail, same as 8. ) I u u o ;U , C/|<>yfeji/ i t u f ' t i A regular compressor ami a standi) pressor were provided on llic air line, a week-end, both compressors were out of service, so bottled nitrogen was manifolded into die line by a tcii|ornry jumper con nection to maintain instrument air pressure. An employee, aware of the circumstances was told to wear a filler-type mask. By habit, however, lie entered the area and was found dead several minutes later due to nitrogen inhalation in the air-line respirator, he had worn instead of the fillcr-ty|>e mask. Breathing air systems, using an approved compressor or tank system, should be closely supervised and used only for breathing. Employees whose work takes them out of contact (visual or audiable) with others should be closely supervised. Human error caused this fatality. CARBON TETRACHLORIDE AGAIN Bunker C oil leaks.had sprayed oil over the walls and ceiling of a small boiler room. Fearing the fire hazard which might result from using kerosene on the electrical equip ment, the plant engineer lt;id four men use a bucket of cartmii tetrachloride with a long-handled brush. 1 Respirators of llic proper type were pro vided and worn, but due to a missing part and poor fitting on onf mask, one of the men became ill and was hospitalized three weeks with typical carbon tetrachloride poi- souing symptoms. ' A properly adjusted respirator, a less toxic solvent (such as 1, 1, 1 -trichloroelhane), and ventilation--any combination o f these measures would have prevented this injury. U was also noted that Mite injured man occasionally consumed alcoholic beverages-- a contra-indicated action in solvent areas. PHOSGENE A chemist snlTcrcd a major injury when .phosgene gas containing dissolved HC1 es caped from a cylinder too fast for the cap acity of the hood. The chemist was wearing .a Type N universal canister mask, but lie ^noticed that his eyes were irritated when he look the mask oil moments later in the fresh i*- Two men who worked alongside him were ^wearing air-line respirators and did not well phosgene nor notice any eye or throat mutton. The chemist was hospitalized 10 days from a toxic exposure (< jl." getwT fumes, aittl was afrseuttiem work fot about one month. The two other men su f fered no ill effects whatsoever. AT() R E S P I R A T O R Y P R O T E I T l O X Alchem ist was decomposing a rcMii n mixture containing phosphorous oxycldmidc in a 'hood by pouring it over cc onto a four-liter beaker. While hts back was turned, the reaction became violent and die mixture overflowed onto the hood floor. A smalfsatnount also spilled onto the laboratory fioor,]since he did not have a catchpnu under the beaker. Hef directed hi$ laboratory assistant to leave the room promptly, but stayed behind to llf-ow some ice on the spill on the Jbmr and c|>'cn windows. He re-entered the labo ratory after 10 minutes, when the fumes had subsided considerably, and cleaned the spilled inalcri'il off the lbor. This requited 10 nuttulds, during which period he inb.ihd some of die fumes, chiefly IK .'l. Me did n<<< use any respiratory protection, aldr>ii!;h it was available. il<* did init iiMfitc :ui) ill clU tf: 11.i !.*, other Ilian eye and throat irritation, but be was hospitalized on the following day for hroucfiial and pulmonary congestion. I Ir was in the hospital lor four days. A vertical catalyst bed was being rodded out to remove solids. Dust and fimus fi**m the solids being discharged at the Imltmii of ?the reactor were sufficient to cause roueliing and discomfort to the operator, although spot ventilation was being used at tin top o f the column. The operator continued to work , t hi* shift, hut that night he had an ntla-k of nausea and vomittmg, accompanied by per sistent coughing. Following a rccunctnc of the original attack, he was admitted to a hospital for four days. An air line respirator was readily avail able, although the magnitude of the dust hazard was not fully appreciated at the time During the operation of a small v ale tractor housed in a hnrrirndr, it wa*; or* - o sary ' to cuter the barricaded area and v. idi draw Condensale every half-hour. *1 hi* re moval consisted of open valve al do* ) u u u ii ' o C h t m U o f ' . i f* ,957 N a t i o n a l S a f e l y C c n g r e u built up enough to activate bottom o. a c o n d - - check o r which transmitted an A . ' tnove any unconverted by |iecc,, aiy ,0 ,, y little smoke was drying room (which w S ^ ^ o - T v a p o r . .o ins compU ... i , wa| of the condensate. any protection Th'T ^ V this during The injured had t*e air_,ine resp.- Sinci ) to the .pprox. without 1' his shift " " ho" " t r fbed protection equity ritor which was P1 j ,,addition to this merit for this operat ^ (he barricade ,, of the shift to make during lie y P , ky blower. ,,Unor repair, to a leaky ^ The in)ured worked f ^ >f , |,e " V **?"* ` ,, and shortness of breath developed a fever ,,,,osed as acute which was .ubseque", ^^ bronchial asthma. He was ister masks. t sixtli floor outside JLi V" drying room, but m^ overcome side, one of these fiv The other lour ded warning sign d |reih of "ovcrbrcallung " These same men air before being ^ " t lt e T d o n * ^ self returned to the r atus- In all, 3# contained breathing P P ^ muUip|e alann mfireen_mwue.reipolveorcnolyimb e u se a,,oment fr^om th^e d*y* .. ,,ie injured failed to obey In this ca*, . . lir:onj to wear Wl written and ver a m air line respirator, an injured's shift ru|e. Since leader failed t o ^ have been then, all operators . { observing instructed in ''' ,,gulalions regarding entry, and ( #led violation first companies were firemen recovered. 5 lor dismissal. * -- ,uu,c Erou,,d5 w|P Kr otrn/vgu t*.y*p* e--.m a _ .sf.lkisri.tl . An ^ P lo yee w illin g u` ' `,,T 'o x y g ^ . car passed out due to ms T N um- A lellow nP>oy*e P" k ,, . j entered the versal canister gas m (00, passed car for rescue fy to -usc sclf-con- UtlQ.t 11 Untied b , the hydrogen sulfide " c rB)ocMf.d in the name from s b,"" l' l ,0 close valve, same hood. 1 ^ wilhoirt t`wheeareimngplopyroeteecUrev-eene ^ p. m n, wwaaSsedoKveercomi,, and struck In f ^ ^ r . H e w a, - bench as he fell " who was wearuit cued hy ano1 J r " ,,inccl breathing PP'*. a demand self- j f ,|iree month OU* 7 h r'llh in g apparatus to rescue both. Fortunately, both men recovered. sense of smell. "'A N O T H E R S O L V E N T F ir .w h K .,e / in ^ 7 ^ ^ ,,1 ,tel construction. ' ..bscslo curia... feet x 30 f < closed by a ^ ^ ,,ib itity of quantity ^ '`^ ,, J ^ i n a n r e n t s . con- Lrw V 'r, ^ r* C n t r f V J T i S S i S K ......... soivent a n " l O .... minutes a fte rj ,n electric motor m me ol the room. time and The fire had J ( J with smoke, this * as C O and C O . content. S L "a s sounded!' when the heat fin a l, in leaving the pit. s -s s S A few minntes cx|mstirc fo fresh airjapil the 'overcome" electrician stood up Mod walked to the dispensary. Examinatioi vealed him to be coherent ami no signs of narcosis. H e rested for about half an hour and returned to his Job--by this time the job in the pit was completed. A few pertinent facts are in order: sol vent was not spilled on the floor o f the pit, the "overcome" electrician had relumed to work that morning after being, off for sev eral days due to a bronchial inflammation, and the other electrician never demonstrated or mentioned any ill effects. l l i , helper returned a few miuui.s I ,o r . shouted for help, then went injo the tank to aid the first man who w ai auiconsri-iis Dcfore help arrived, the helper was ah, overcome, but both men were promptly re moved to fresh air. The helper was suc cessfully revived, but the mechanic could not'be brought back to life. Failure to follow established tank-entry procedures was the reason given for tins fatality. , .,, INERT GAS TWo men entered a kettle to repair, an agitator, which is normally a two day job. Old the first day nothing unusual hapin m d. INERT GAS IN TANK CAR A lank cleaner entered a tank car (which had previously contained caustic soda) and started to wash it down with a hose with the bottom outlet open. A fter failing to reappear in a normal time, investigation revealeil Hie man lying in flic bollom of Inc Out the second day the men went iul.i the kettle, worked for an hour, ami came up for a coffee break. When they re entered kettle, they began to feel weak. They were actually too weak to climb out of the manhol? after IS minutes, hut finally crawled out} They cainc to as they stepped out into car. Upon removal 'and attempts at resus citation, it was determined that lie had died as a result of weak alkali solution having been taken into the respiratory tract. This is strong evidence that the inert gas used to unload the car was a byproduct of chemical operations, low in oxygen and could have contained carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and other constituents. Upon checking the air oxygen and 2000 p|m of reducing gases wliicji would commonly be reported as carbon monoxide. Inasmuch as the official coroner's report stated that the man fell, to the bottom of the car apparently due to heat exhaustion, mere, was no significant publidily concerning this . incident. Corrective measures have been taken to avoid any recurrence. the lair. After investigation, it was discovered licit one of the men had opened mi inert line instead of an air line. Close t" top of the kettle was a section for a ' line to be piped to outside the biu. k.iq. The hose was only half-way down in!., the kettle The inert gas was heavier than air, when they bent over to pick up tools, they would get inert gas until they eventually were made ill. v A n engineer went down to inspect a kettle. H e began to feel sick and came out. Upon investigation later they found the kettle had been "blown-out" with ciiert gas and did not follow through by removing the gas with proper air ventilation. (The eni:incr recovered immediately upon leaving TANK JOB CLAIM S LIFE A maintenance mechanic lost .his fif^ and his assistant narrowly esca|ied in tank fnd- dent. . .' Repair work had been scheduled inside the lank to begin after lunch, and two men as signed to the job. The mechanic decided to look over the job about I f :30 am . and went the kettle) A man went into a non-enamclrd keltic. The complete kettle was blanked off y.illi exception of entrance. The kettle had hr. n "blown-out" with inert gas. He was over come. It was necessary to resuscitate the man quite a while before he recovered. into the tank after sending his helper for certain supplies. The inert gas (which con tained essentially nitrogen with small per- collages of C O and C O .) supply to the tank had not been shut off, since the me- chanic had not informed anyone of his j. entry. The mechanic was quickly overcome. ILLUM INATING GAS IN TRENi U Two nicii were working in x scriis d three hy seven hy seven fool Iremlu-s .hut .long a 75 -foot length of a street. Wh.le tapping a high pressnre illum.natmg gas ..Thill to install a jumper line into a lw - ) u u c y;1 /* \' CChftermmiicraal/ f/imnil/imn tir ` ,p57 a,i<mal Safely Congress . drill slipped and opined a pretime main, a p* e (^as was rC~ P"u t in the UPP-B, machine. I- leased inlo the trench. |rcncll> bnt One man immediate y * 1;>borer sending ,,l',"e noot`hhe' rZ wT abi loeve.rrvceodmn'leh.isA i__n_, i;mmmm,dX;al cicl|yy on the onn -j--- h_ j , c tk d rope descended mto , (lie unconscious man round the > Meanwhile U lo .e he. too on all r the loieman ol T "e Iiob ^pn. |oltnllcahn to close respirator and went the valve. By .he une unconscious TM U te by the observed sla v erin g and H e was wearing a dust ^ to , be met were e'vtn. " Y C men had a P' dispensary. E-`?ch . bright red over while complexion with a orig . ,, im i,,a.ion of ,,cident sliowen a ~ a, caused compressor housing. compressor. -j mt(hyl chloride n Urn c P T ' - ' ^ t e n l r o ^ . e i ovlr ind!'''.. he presence of caU5t<1 by attempting ,,,TUenIlsSttnveC*r t*h"ro-u--gh the Cull tankn V v r F N W A SN 'T TH ERE, Theo,htron' conscious man was r e v . ^ , realed at The final lcorV J . llorl ,,b ile one man hospilal tor * >ala..on w ^ eDoulriTnFgr,,edooennK-r1te1,a33^^(Tri^tiYnoro^h"^oroethante,hh)ee, u appears that one ope ' / w h i l e attempting the bas,,.lin g ADJUSTED a- - S ir r S ^ r ator went to t'g , j the hnc distn- Waste Treatment 1 lat * , uU blast .egrated, thus exjms.ng h , . . bllt ^ t f t lor twenty-lour hours. H AR R O W EI SWC A I*'E r v c i ^ N o 8 n a t i o n , the oxygen-defi- lives o'- -- -- ci.ent atmosphere. |i.:.l.,,,,u,,ncrccdd aatl fire salety we have bc, orc ,ck- ihc I'1'1 " l c:!" " 'K The same point *'m M ling any fire al"'- * , in in training bc reiterated agam a n d ^ g ^ ,,.(location / .r^ w td d y s P heen * ? , * ' - bad broken and the gas * a -s w v - - - d lo se ,l,c .r,rc . ( c mtempt- " - ",, sm rt c m w m A leaU developed in l),c n1 ^ transfer irapioent, person * itMiictivc reaction m elhyl chloride In TM ^ ^ fit5, ,|is ta n k to s t o r a g e ___ >o)i<1 , ia J , ic a r,| (be covered by a who cnlcrcd >= c.-npresior pr.und.ng ami W arca lo investigate. n,',tics ol In i two esca,* v;ula n IIV D R O C E N SU LF ID E ! sonoca.cd and Two men inhaled c:,cc^ t entered ihc S f t X U iJ.t area ' -htorid.- ^ bu. lei. 0 ' y| chloride through Y .; C, 'h 'v alle , ward he was ,.r rr;' -S - , - bearing liquor on the floor. TheWftjuor drained into a sump near the leach jfj|t;on and was then pumped into a reserve IMRHhg lank. Later, pipes Irom a reserve sulfide holding lank were disconnected, allowing the contents lo drain on the floor. The lulfide, during clean-up was washed into the sump and then pumped into Ihe same reserved holding tank. An immediate reaction generated large quantities of 1LS, filling the area surrounding the lank. Una ware o f lids, three employees entered the area. The first employee collapsed just as lie passed the tank. The remaining two men walked a lew feet further; one collapsed and the other reached a window and called for help. Other members arrived and gave artificial respiration while the ambulance was summoned. On arrival at the hospital, the first employee was pronounced dead. ^ Processing plants, and laboratories in the program contain the elements to produce not only gases like IIS but disastrous fires and explosions as well. These can occur front an uncontrolled chemical process reaction or, as in this case, from improper inis lure ol two chemicals. Infrequently, storage ol incompatible chemicals can bc separated physically for safely, which was dime here afterward. More reliably, however, the em ployees should he instructed fully in the adverse cllccts of (hcinical combinations possible in the operation. ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS A piiw-fittcr, ngcil , 20, wns gassed by aliphatic hydrocarbon luines in a pit 20 leet by 10 feet by 6 feet deep in an oil re finery while he and another man were in serting a blank in a pipeline which had been shut off. noth men were wearing breathing apparatus supplies with air from a hand pump, a Y piece being used lo supply, the two sets of apparatus from a single pump. While working in Ihc pit, the pipe filler, who was apprehensive and difficult to reas sure, was seen to remove his mask. The safety attendant, who, with the foreman, was watching from ground level, replaced the mask and assured him that it was work ing pro|cny. When the joint was opeue*!. some liquid escaped owing to residual pres sure, and the pipefitter endeavored to come away, but was persuaded to return. Later, when lie again attempted to leave the pit, his airline caught on the bottom of the handrail and impeded his exit. This caused him to panic and lie took off Ins mask. The foreman and the safety attendant running to his assistance, pulled him m safety as he collapsed. His workmate con tinued to work in the pit without any trouble. A*ler being given artificial respiration nod an injection of corniniuc, the pijH'-lMlei was.removed lo hospital where lie rrcnvried. The' apparatus which lie had been wealing -w--a-*- subsequently found lo lie in go.d older. luit It was unwise 1lo0 cuomipne:l lorn to w'ork und< r circumstances of which tic was flu oust' afraid. A M M O N IA O re afternoon, while tire enpiiie-r<oin foreman of an ice-cream factory was stand ing .near an oil separating unit, there was a reaorl and ammonia liquid and gas issued froib the sump, ft was later found that the rubber seal between llie sicliling glass hotis. ing and the sump had ''blown. Ihe I'lvinr rt>tn was immediately eva'iiVc- 1 i'........ .... man taking with boo (rout a r.ok The tile bllg-lde * ' given to all iiupl- ' n m ' Ihc vonmilialion id gas w i' t- ' . ' t. i the canister respirator, die foreman was unable to rc-cnlcr the engine room to rearli (he ammonia isolating valve. The gas 'P 'v .id rapidly through the factory area and many of the 100 employees, most of them women, were affected. There was sonic degree of panic and some women were rescued from the canteen by firemen. Sixteen women employees anil two firemen were admitted to hospital hut only three persons were detained overnight. Seven of the women were sufficiently affected 1 require notification. Occupants ol houses within a radius of SO yards o f the factory were also affected. The firm had already been advised lo provide self onlainril breathing apparatus and they were again advised to keep apparatus of tins kind out side the engine room as well as Ihc canister respirators. TII'O F A T A L A C C ID E N T S W IT H DI-.N/.ENI: P A P O R In one accident a lalinrcr. aged 2.t. was fatally gassed and an ambulance room nllcnda-it and a fireman were also gassed while ) ) ) Clu /ii.finiii-i ; National Safely Congr.es ... ... i...lrucl.ons tor ( , ,, ,, , ey W.ol >><* ' ,C,, , cd ,,, d declared I been *,B,m *w h ;,|' 1)|C laborer with In* ,, Iron. gas. W h" e. " , Jlart work on cflcctcd mid , 'c l^ >'cd ^ ,,ifo u t W n g *' cci tificate accordmgly. W ^ up * He was not wearing _ ^a^neiirtff tf ami. bcir.ll overcome " y ^ 'l e c t " below. ever, there was not sufficient venlilat4 ^ | p ^ . a n opcnator 0 pprreevvecnmt mthee wwournkteur f..r.o..m......i.n..h.,alin5g. fumes to area,. Tminis ilantnter mn xem.TMcm....y yo, . . .. for an additional problem and usually en.h-I make him sick to his stomach. The proper in a lost lime injury. Many limes the in type Canister Respirator was available on dividual would go outside for fresh air the lower floor but the person was not where it was loo cold for his condition, lie familiar with its use. would calcll cold and would come ..car 1 NO r e s p ir a t o r y p r o t e c t io n developing into pneumonia. ,,VniJle was !p" f * " n ueamed out. lie entank which had bee ^ whic|, |,ad not m 'J 1 " " . I k .1." ^ T 'sia m e d and *** ,o1^ *',ty W" ' " 0t .tructed to dean that tan - Uu|). h' - Several specific instances are known where i personnel should have worn protective equiph ment and did not although it was available ' and the specific personnel were familiar !' with use. For the most part these instances When the workmate |**J*.TMehe* saw that a ,.g a respirator and a n lowered into 'adder and , tlat the laborer had >t,,h>,,ae'cuucnno5sut,nteartarnbb*elyyu ^en,ete,er d witho,uotr aa, BRlMei,in-*e oorr unaccountably *n . | or he at- ,tpif*K>r* A *tcr l * u n v, at t*ic bottom of tempted to en er ^ ^ ,,dies ol liquid. : involved professional grade personnel o f the sure to Chorine ~ aggravated by the t "difficult personality" category engaged in Research and Development. Injuries^ were were stated to ha cexisltcence 0otf a pr^ us ^ chcst condition., ## pla,,n,t operator 1 j -in all of these cases from volatile vesicants, q c Qf these ca?5S t i irine when adding II f " though injuries were serious enough to who *,,,haled a wb|ff oi * 1 .on vessel under 1 1 have resulted in lost time, there was. in llyj rochloric acid to a having pul in |{ ,lct.- no lost time. which there wa but was forced to come o because of the ne|,aiive pressure, a ( doctor who 1! In one instance the employee was con n K^ soJiui,,m, chlhorilteo. r . l c j ^ ^ | ] vinced to use recommended saiety proce fumes*.. During the rescue p^ Who in h i. hurry * . mask, was gassed, as room a"endanl w .o In d . t Breman, |b tank without ` " lhe ambulance , `cd a Itcsh-a.r his (ace 'uci/ud him n .0M..tal ^ . inhalation of a sm* ^ ^ aUatU , had "triggered off man subject to as im ^ whose expo* A p ro cess operator^ ^ a plant 1 I dures by a combination of greatly increased supervisory pressure and alarmist industrial hygiene propaganda. In another instance such stresses produced no apparent effect. RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS mask and a h i V aIlJ |,,st consciousmask while m the , " * * ivtn ,,tificia l respi- ilTcldorirotion of dimet,,),,' c ^ " " j ' ^ i Bl We have had people injured while they ,,. -- T.,n,, ad noxyvgnen _ . but i.fa..i'."l.e-..d"....t.o"...recover, ration and oxyg bciu0( house " ,0n i, fatal case was a bcniol house The other fa ^ w3J toun(l lying cuflered from cough. >rca 1X s " ian. who |- were wearing respiratory equipment anil jultereo T be chest physicia , i. ,|iem injured by not wearing in n e Joun ;n ,,|e l d t uPpcr " t homeji them even thougli they werc'available. Some undcr observation at tc*. lo5i , | 0{ ,|le b iter are the "Smoke Eater type .,,endant gcjonsc'ious Qn ,hc floor. wl.ich k e p t ^ ^ ^ activity o , actol | ` who think they can get aloi.g without the prone an . benzol. was , *iioiiffht the wfectio ii% l l ` stand-by equipment. "^iat^y ^d rag g ed into the *his grea"er than chlotine excpdos5u*>rse Si*IU ^ h aJwl ii-| .': AA bu*a*si,vc- problem wwi.t.h.. any r-esp- irato. ry- During $ie time this particular process was being developed, operators got used to the chlorine type odor. A t this same time the self-coatained breathing apparatus was not the popf.lar item it is today. A chemical cartridge Aspirator was what they gener ally carrier} draped about thc.r neck. I rollably many! times the trouble was located and tire mbsk removed after tbc contami nated arca' was under control without the operators' having an exposure. A number of times though, the capacity of the cartridge was unknowingly depleted by prior trs|=s. Then aRam. the Rcieral c- iilamination would instill in the operator Ihe idea that Ins mask was O K. when it ic.H> wasn't. The operator would thru |uol..i|o lus tiif* bcyoml limits ;*ml h:vr ;m To sum up then an operator : a. would not know the con.l.lh ns , 1 his mask because be was generally conditioned to flic contaminant. b. would not know the remaining capa city of the mask. c would realise that the mask was not working but would remain in the area thinking he could get by or ' hold his breath a moment longer in >" "ri. :li^ficial r.esppirau'-on.; > V 'Y d' d0f a rocking * .-- a swtitt the aid __ . 0th,i,s, ttirceaattmmcemnt., ^ . ,,r iv a l in hospital. 51'. 'S S is - 's v s S iS| S i , , ,, r r I f - TM A "niigpht WatC^ a cii,.eesstf condition. suHj |t{ pProtect,i'v'e equuiipPm^e'nn1t is . . _ ortvtous c ^mioh U* l l liniti nf > narltcular < C h lo r i n e from a control va.ve I-I. fourth case m this group Ws U ,7 ,imilalion5 are far less than any of || a( d j ol, chemicals for air ^ ^order to .. complete (tlhie jonb. .refers equipment ,hat I, available. a' ^ Eaters" or the ones that think they can m en" a l t e X n ^ 'db'V beo, reached U w**fficirnt|y to allow dislil- .educe the "* ." J . ^ normal maim. Ur.cn to the crude motor spirit II this was tot d" ' ,,d wo|>,d eventually ageCd<d1-,555J777n. owwl_e_hhr_oo_.., pwwil,ai,,ntmh.t other frtom ^wmjhleinikchnhwsS"oOmmee ww sa.tWwu|l|PftIt pvpuurriiffii^ccaa_tt_iioonn,. I to n addition, the be concerned operator does in knowing acnonauining containing of*toh-u-t-rr p^ - p m.wocrf ecu,,'narll^ieccerteuda byy ^|--WjU|^*w. -h"^e--th.e..r....t._.l.i_.e._.._r.._e._....i.s.._.._s._u_f_f_i_c_ie__n_t__o,,xy_gen ,,in,, ,,theroa ni r- . ' ing. The " '*r ^ chlorine, but the_ 6`w ijC In one pa_r_t_ic__u_l_a_r p_r_o__cess w. e- were con- small amou,,.n.kt o- -l , cn ,,tavy smooker., whkkp f-ronted- w--ith a number ofr -s`tages in which .w..1|.,o wulatCs statleud to oc a n(in__U_o_ us.ly. bbeecacfalt^ft^w3^acUanitvs w,#ecrae nminorrPe fotfr 1lPess ope. .v un caused him , 0 .cou5 r tJ (rom lachrymaUaBatmosphere. In spile of a number o f spot unconscious and suite Ijjventilators there was a prevalence of ,he u se o f too much steam. and cough- a T I O N Innoxious odors, most free chlorine. c m s o o n-s0i.r..r>;; k ^ ^ Following t,.ei r c= cine a^rc i||)f' na-c' e- osed .. roury va* f carbon bi$ulplde* IM PROPER VEN TIL t - Q lloril)c , considered here for its nui . laboratory technician w' s . u lb 'cnce and noxious characteristics rather . t l h . mixture of d S than for its toxicity. Even small amounts V,,Ur'ck cid*. ^ ' ' { ^ ^ r w ^ n d o w Hr * definite odor and they usually cause lor the chhWancee Iftt.. EEvveenn ttoordlaayy with the self-con; tamine,,dl brreaaltmhhincg apppaariaat.u.s -a-v--a-i-l-a--b-l-e-, m;tini.s praaccttiiccec ccoonnttiinnuueess.. 1I witnessed a"nH c" r"> aa ccoonnttaammiinnaatteedd aarreeaa ((FFII!l ffoogg)).. This particular entry was made for no good reason at all. Two men were putting their self-contained breathing apparatus on and this fellow decided lo go in will, a handkerchief over .is nose. It l jn c. tl.al the men wearing sdi-cnnlaincd lircal .i,,B apparatus made the necessary emergency shutdown.' ventilators soon decontaminated the area.'and normal entry could he made. ' 31 the ma*. ii UUU31M ) 1957 N ational S o ftly C onyrtst SO AP D U ST Our operation is essentially a soap manu facturing plant and tlie air in our factory is frequently contaminated with soap dust from detergents and dust arising from fine woodflour ami cornmcal. We issue our em ployees a dust mask (not Bureau of Mines ap proved).The filter element consists of a honey comb construction of whipped foam latex. This device does a modest job of filtering however, we been completely satisfied. Despite the fact that we Me issued masks to all personnel about hall of-, our personnel prefer to use an orJiiurj. handkerchief wrapped about their I w J which appears to do a satisfactory id^J without the unpleasantness of the ds| mask.afh. OUIUNE rod SUECflHG RISHRAtORT PROUCflW OtVICM spke- j. LABORATORY AND if PLANT SAFETY ^ (A Symposium) LABORATORY BARRICADING OF HIGH PRESSURE AND EXTRA HAZARDOUS REACTIONS . by GODFREY J . MOLL chemical engineer, ClBA Pharmaceutical Product!, Inc., Summit, N. J. HAtZARi D r~ deOlatcrifeCnftcr 1 Sltl.---tMlHMf mSt brealtunp -H---a-s--#1mask with bUff Immid1-i-i-U---l-y----la lita ----------------- Cetteue i Immsdialily denpe*eos la Itta Stll-ce1ntand H I u mask -- Ca1t AIlr-IIno 1 Hasa mask A with apparatus blow#* mask (aspirator without blawar \ T e ile c o n t a m in a n t ----------------- 1--------------------- Gastons aod paiUcvlata 1 1- Dust, mill, ar fume rasplrate ----------11 11 Chemical carlridpa tasplralor ^ 1 Particulate A4 irl1i--ne (aspirator Abraalva blailUf respirator Safety engineers are often called on to >te or approve plans for laboratories l.sduch high pressure or extra hazardous will be safely operated. In these iT JI ' the protective shield or barricade is only fixed piece of safely equipment I,will remain operable 100 per cent of time. Equipment, instrumentation, ami devices are all apt to fail at any lime ' *TTj Hess of maintenance and ins|>ection. `i>i| ^ ljudgement of the best-trained operating [bmcxinel need only be wrong once. The [nrricade may be considered as the primary rjafely device. l->1 [?< High pressure and extra hazardous rc- Immod1--ialety NOT Immadiatatir Ik'] projects arc being carried out in denptious to Ufa denporous lo tito barricaded laboratories in many univer:and at some industrial research centers -| $ill (wi laisd Hosti mask. Gas mask ______ i -- At1r-"lloa 1 Host mask Chaadcal w, cartrldpa ittpM . Ibe United Slates. Workers at these in as will point with pride at their per 'A breathlnp apparatus with respirator blower special tittar without blower wttk spatial Wka-fi .safety record, but tomorrow might yield first and last accident The manage- ,,ns from Bureau at Mina, tnlairuatlun Clraula. tit of Cl BA Pharmaceutical Products Inc. Summit, N. J., has recognized the risk Ivtd in not barricading high pressure gKms. high pressure laboratory was con d in a built-up area presenting the m of not only protecting the operating I icnctincl but also the personnel of adjacent [jMdinft from the effects of missiles and `Vwaves. A suitable barricade was con- ted of 16-inch reinforced concrete 'with LpJtflector wall of similar construction eight \jfad from the frangible wall. Further pro- was provided by hanging one-half L.nL wire rope blast mats between the bmbl- Ubg aod the rcllcctor wall, whirl) would Jflpwate on the ballistic pendulum theory in missiles and dissipating shock .. This is but one approach to the of barricading. f The question often arises ns to whai should be considered hazardous enough to vjarrant the expense of barricading. Some authors feel that when equipment is in stalled to handle iuflaimnahlc materials :u pressures greater than 500 psi the me of some form of barricade should be ronml crcd. When research at high gas |ic*mrc* nj work on known explosives i< c*iidurir I life protection of personnel and oihir iaedilies with an adequate barricade mu I I* considered. In small-scale How experiment;; v.Imic lie amount of material in process is -mull, it common to use pressures as high as rvfi.il thousand pounds without special barricades. Once it lias been decided to build a barri cade there arc still many questions to he answered. The two most important as far as the barricade is concerned arc the mate rials of construction and their thickness. MUST K N O W MISSILE If we knew the velocity, wei :ht and shape of the missile and the miximum lotvc expected from an explosion, wc could de sign a barricade using a mmitmmi wall thickness. Hairicadcs must Ik- dr-den* ! prevent penetration by large missiles at bwv velocity, stirli as reactor beads, and :d-o small missiles at high velocity, smh a* tub ing, nuts or oilier small filling*. I'eo* n a tion is dependent ii| miii the velocity of the missile at impact. III ph)sic:d properties of the missile, and th. characteristic of the material used to cor-truct the barrier. The speed of sottnJ lias been suggested n velocity, as most objects when pi-p*lbd through air decrease in velocity to the speed of sound. If missiles of higher velocity arc expected, the modified l*ctry equation for Penetration can still be -sed to calculate a .it UUU t . OiriHttiB /tn/i' i* * IVi7 National S o ftly Congress PU IU SH CASE HISTORIES Slill another letter recommended publish ing actual case histories oi the misuse of toxic chemicals and their results. Since the same toxic chemicals are used in many laboratories or pilot plants, it would no doubt be worthwhile to make available 111formation ol this kind. Setting up a toxicology chart was another idea received. This chart could contain columns giving the name of the toxic material, maximum allowable concentration, appearance, the type of operation where tins material would be used, how it is absorbed by the body, the symptqn*,, 6 rjt *** safe way to use the chemlnl. ^ These are all good ideas but your com- iniltcc on Toxic Chemicals needs nioie v* formation both on an expansion of the pr* ceding ideas listed as well as new ones. It is the responsibility and moral obliga tion of each of us to do what we can tj further the cause of safe practices will will prevent suffering and the loss of humai life. Please send your ideas on the use oj toxic chemicals to R. V. Montello, search Division. National Cash RegUlO Company. Dayton 9. Ohio.-*. ' ns a . Poisoning (Home and Farm), M Gleason, R. E. Goskctiu, H. H. The Williams it Wilkins Co., 1957. /Iccidental Poisoning in Childhood, Edw. Press, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1801 Hinman Avc., Evans ton, HI. RA 1216-A52, 1956. I 16- TEodwxi.c ASronlovlednt&s, CDo.r,. LEonthdeoln. BRroAwn1i2n7g0,, S6II8, 1953. L . Handbook of Poisons, Dr. Uo1crt H. ft Dreisbach, Lange Medical Publication, Los Altos, Calif. RA 1211-D7, 1955. I. Poisonj*--Their Isolation and identifi cations, Frank Bamford, The Ulakiston Co., Philadelphia. RA 1211-B23, 1951. A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TOXIC CHEMICALS Iifti IV. Manufacturing Chemists* Assoc. Chemi cal Safety Data Sheets (covering about 70 chemicals) complete list of publica tions available from Manufacturing Prepared by: Toxic Chemicals Committee. Laboratory and Pilot Plant Group. Chemical Section of the National Safety Council Chemists* Assoc., Inc., 1625 Eye St., 'N, W., Washington 6, D. C. (Refer also to Warning Labels Manual, Man ual L -l) i This compilation ol references on toxic chemicals is made possible through the coop eration of the following committee mcinhcrs. John E. I'ox. safety director of the Mon santo Chemical co . Tcxns C"y. TcJ ; Robert A. Quisno. president. Hill Top Re search Institute, Inc.. Miamivillc, Ohio and Ralph V. Montello. bead, materials dcpl Research Div.. National Cash Register C ,,. Dayton. Ohio Assistance was also r. 20. National Safely Council Industrial 4. Aecidrnl Prevention Manual for h Data Sheets (covering about 40 chemi dnslrial Operations. 3rrl Edition, Na cals) complete list available from N a tional Safety Council, 1955. tional Safely Council, 425 N. Michigan 5. Donga O lts I'refer lies of W w /n o i M* Ave., Chicago II, Illinois. tenais, by Sax. 1957. (T hj. book a the latest work by Sax and follows hn Handbook of Dangerous Materials). 21. Chemical Safety^ Supervision, by J. Guclich, 221 pages, Rdnhold Pub. Corp., New Y orkf 1956. $4.50. 6 E ncyclopedia o f C hem ical Technoloft New York. Tulcrsciciicc. 1947. v. 14 7. Mnmilio lui ini Citrini Associa* 22 Modern Occupational Medicine, by Fleming. D'Alomo and Zapp, 414 pages, l.rik lit Fcbtger, Pltllndclplila, 1954. iven by J. 1 mark. .Irpaiiim-nt hcntUi. id u o tio V a n d welfare ; IL ChrisUan. American Viscose Corp.; H. H Fawcett. General Electric Co ; and J. N. Romine. Phillips Petroleum Co. The scope ol this work is aimed at pre senting S list ol references on the toxic chemicals uselul to members of die chemical industry. It covers books and periodicals. BOOKS 1. Toxitology ond Hygiene of Industrial Solvents. Lehmann and Hiiry, the .Williams Wilkins Co. 2 The Svmplosns m.l Treatment o f A dite ' f'citomng C.. M. W Lucas 1oronto. Clarke, Irwin 5: Co. Ltd, 1952. J Handbook of Emergency Toxicology, lney Kaye. Charles C. Thomas, .her, 1954. S a f e l y in th e e h e m i e a l la b o r a to r y . IW 21 York, Van Nostrand, 19S4. 8. Pieters, ; Honore A . chemical laboratory. Safety London, w * Butto- ik worth, 1951. ' 24. 9 National Safety Council. 5Prrvu<iri safety fiiciww/. Chicago, 1956. 10 Association ol British Chemical Mu* facture. Safety rules for use ZS. chemical works. London, 195*. k 11. Maclarlanc. Donald I. Safety in (rv- and introduction to the protetta o f p e r s o n n e l New York, Philosoph *25. Library, 1955. 12. Blake. R. I'., cd. /Jiufrin/ W/I7..W ed. New York. Prentice-Hall, 1VM. ; / IJ. The Merck Index o f Chnnicals exd f:. Drugs, Merck & Co, Inc, 195 & Poisoning, by W. F. von Oettingen, 524 pages, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., De partment of Harper fit Bros., New York 16, N. Y. Industrial Hygiene Sr Toxicology, in two volumes, by F. A. Patty. 1138 pages, Inlerscicuce Publishers, Inc., New York, 1949. Industrial Toxicology, by Hamilton fit Hardy, second edition, 574 pages, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., Harper fit Bros., New York. 1949. Industrial 7 oxicotogy, by Fatrhrt!!, 483 pages, Williams fit Wilkins Co., Halit more, 1949. Toxic Eye Hazards, Pub. No. 494, 101 pages, The National Society for the ^Prevention .o..f.....l.t.l.u...u..l.i.w.-jijutj'l..i.u..'.., L 'U -roadway. New York I9^Nj Y., $1.'. 2R. Clinical Toxicology, by Thirties and Haley. 457 pages, Lea .V Frlnger. 1'hiladclphia, 1955. 29. Handbook of Toxicology. Vol. 1, Edi ted by W. S. Spcclor, 408 pages, \V. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1956. .10.' Toxicity of Industrial Organic Si-' J venls. by E. Browning, 411 pages, h'r vised American Edition, I95J, Chcrnii al Publishing Co., New York 10, N. ) . 31.1 Assoc. Brit. Chem. Mfgrs. Safety rules for use in chemical works. Ft. I-- Model rules, 3rd cd., 1947. Pt. 2--De tailed instructions, 1950. 32.1 Atomic Energy Commission. Effects of atomic weapons. Combat Force . Press, 1950. JJ.H Bloiit, E. R. Monomers. Iiitcrscicnce, ) 1951. 34. | Browning, E. Toxic solvents. I-.. Arn- lold & Co., London, I95J. 15. Elkins, H. B. Chemistry of in-tii.ilroil toxicology. Wiley, 1950. 30. Guclich, J. Chemical safety m ;.;sion. Rciuliold, 1956. 37. Hamilton. A. M utlrial poisons ia the United Stales. Macmillan. 1929. 38. Henderson, Y. & Haggard, 11. W. Noxious gores, 2nd cd. Rciuliold. 1943. 39. Jacobs, M. B. Analytical chemistry of industrial poisons, hazards and solvt nls, 2nd cd. Iiilrrscienre, 1950. 40. Johnstone, U. T . O c c u p a t i o n a l d i i e o s e s . Saunder, 1942. 41. Johnstone, R. T. Occupational nediiinc and industrial hygiene C. V. Moshy Co, 1948. 42. Lehmann, K. 11. & Fltiry, li 7 axicoltrgy and hygiene of imlnxli ii/ sol vents. 43. McNally. W. D. Toxicology--Indus trial Medise. Industrial Medicine. Chicago, 1937. 44. Manufacturing .Chemists' Assoc. Cm - rra! sa fe ty guide fa r s a fe ty in the c h e m i c a l l a b o r a t o r y . Vail Nusli.uil. 1954. 45. Sax, N. -I. Handbook of dangerous materials. Reiuhold, 1951. 45 ) 1957 N o tio n a l S o f t l y C o n g re ss 12. Physically toxic chemicals and "`J" '- * V- f *,,/ I S S i trial hygiene. J. C . ^ c G o n j^ ^ A ^ * - ' Archives Ind. Health H :3l5-23, Apr . I'ub. No. 414. IV55. 4; Iljo.k.ten Research L ab o rato ry Health harard (ol 1 . 247-S2, 558-61. in book P ly" l" S d (heir application" Reinhold. 1956. . 1 1 & K J. Cleereman. "H F f e r im 1955. 13 Power engineering handbook; mum allowable concentrations o f toxic vapors and gases, j. D. Con Power Eng. 60:122. March, 1956. 28. 14. Annals o f medicine; case of carlum tetrachloride poisoning. B. Rouecne. New Yorker. 31:3S 6. Feb. 26. 1 9 29. 15. Engineering phases 0/ l<mlr fw< control. W . A. Cook. Chem & Eng. R. F. Boyer. Reinhold, l w . News. 29:1517-18. April 16, 19SI. p e r io d ic a l s 16. fie ld o f chemical ^ Smyth. Jr.. Chem. & Eng. News 30. 1 Gleason, Marion N. Clinical toxicology 29 -1196-7. March 26, 1951. of comtntrciol products, Furns and 17. H ow to net rid o f J o * M u s `rU MacEachtm. 1957. wastes. Eng. News., 146:300-1. JL H Z Dreisbach. Robert H. Handbook of 1951. ., . poisons. Lange, 1955. 18. Medical aspects of the Wailrjaf P 31. Eng. Chem. 47: sup 87A-8-A, Dec. 1955. . . 4 Increased industrial use of zircomum * stimulated studies to evaluate pirn* program. J. H. Sterner. Eng. News. 29:1399-401, Apr.l 9. 1951. 19. I W i / 32. i s r 2' ; , . r * ' Cto 33. ` S S i & ' l i 'E f t J ' 3 K 24:427-42. Oct. 1955. 6. Haoardous exposure to sonu- ' J * iS A r s r i. i May 19S1. ' -34. 2,. Toxic effects of " ^ e i e r T w o f aliphates autmes. H. Urieger A. Hades. A.M.A. Hygiene and Occup. Med. 3.287 k 35. iS i'* ' a s r - A ^ f s " 27:26-33, Jan. 1955. R Bronchial asthma and asthmatic bran- h A T u it i* 5 ? ~ Philosophical Library. 1956. sup 93A-95A. A u g. I9S4 March 1951. , . 22 Toxic substances; their properties, ef 22 I C s , and controls. Mangnent d.u 36. sheets. Factory Management. I - 138. 140, Dec. 1950. 109.142, 144, J 1951. '1 How to control hazardous substanen 23. G 1 . Sherman. Sale.y Maint. * f 103:62-4. June 1952. , 37. Maximum ollmoable ^oncentraUom.^ 24. II Sd.rer.k- Ind. ft Err* Chem. handlipnoglytphheoms.phates. sup 105A-106A+. Dec. 1951 25. OrarmrY of ; Nat. batety r 64 :124 6, Dec. 1951. , ^ 38. *, , . fct g U Corn..... nirolionr - <1 ^ o toxicology laboratory ^ a MA || F Smyth, Jr. A.hi./. Tnd. Health 15: 269-73. Apr.I, 1957. II, 1952. " ' " f 'd ' l" -" - f e ' Studies on the toxicity and . o f compounds used in the plastics industries; accelerate valors, and antioxidants. F. S. Mnllelle anti Is. von 1Inrun. A.M.A. Archives Ind. Hygiene and Occup. Med. 5 :311-17, April 1952. Toxic metols cause new industrial disease problems. W. Schweislteitner. Iron Age. 168:159-60, Dec. 6. 1951. Toxicity o f ethylene dihromide deter mined on experimental animats. V. K. Rowe & others. A.M.A. Archives Ind. Hygiene ft Occup. Med. 6:158-73, August 1952. Toxicological study o f some polypro pylene glycols. C. B. Shatter and others. A.M.A. Archive* Ind. Hy giene ft Occup. Med. 3:448:53, May 1951. ; Amyl acetate; hazards and precautions; data sheet. Nat. Safely News 68:30-1+, August 1953. Chemical hazards in glass and ceramic industries. J. A. Houghton. Glass Ittrl. 34:369-371, July 1953. Experience accumulated in three years o f an occupational medical clinic. H. L. Hardy. Ind. Med. 21:424-6. Sept. 1952. Health; more care il needed. G. G. Carr. Iron Age. 170:21-2, Dec. 25, 1952. 1 How safe are safety solventsf M. Z. Poliakoff. Nat. Safety New*. 6738-9+, Feb. 1953. > Studies in the toxicity and skin effects o f compounds sued in the rubber and plastics industries. F. S. Mallette ft E. von Haant. A.M A. Archive* Ind. Med. & Occup. Med. 5:311-17; 6:231-42, April, Sept. 1952. Xylene and toluene; hazards and fre- cautions; data sheet. Nat. Safety News. 68:38-9 + , August 1953. Current method o f determining safety in the application o f new chemicals. T. W. Male. Ind. Med. 20:50! 6, Nov. 1951. Toxicity and Health Hazards o f Boron Hydrides, by E H. Krackow, A.M.A. Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, 8, 335-339, Oct. 1953. 0 0 0 3 (;3 Chemical Industries *.4Q. Unpublished papcr( "Respiratory I'm- si' . lection," by H. U r-f^ l^ c tt, presented *' *In Greater Nctv VunirOifcly Cong' March 21, 1957. 41. Investigation o f Accident Involving Titanium and lied fum ing Nitric Acid, Dec. 29, 1953, Information Circular 7711, U. S. Bureau of Mines. 4KIH1 l-'orbes Street. Pittsburgh 13, I':>. (R^arclr 1955) ; see also Infury and Death from Red Fuming Nitric Acid, by t*A. J. McAdams, Tr. and S. Krop. J.A.M.A. 158, 1022-1024 (July 23. 1935); and Nitrogen Dioxide, Hy gienic Guides available at 25c from American Industrial Hygiene Assoc., 141|!5 Prevosl, Detroit 27, Michigan. 42. 1,1,1-Trichloracthaue, Hygienic Guide, available at 25c from American In dustrial Hygiene Assoc., 14125 Prevosl. Detroit 27, Michigan; sec also Nat Safbly Council Safely Data Sheri, I, 1,:-Trichloroctlumc, available May I. 1957 from Nat. Safety Council. I.!.' N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago II. Illi nois. . 43. Hazards of Isocyanates in Palymc thane foam Plastic Production, hv I. A. Zapp, A.M.A. Archives ed Indus, trial Health, 15, 324-330. April 1957. 44. The Mean Amines, by P. J. Hailey, National Safety News, 74, p. 61. Nov. 1956. 45. Dry Ice (C O ,), Chemical Safely Data Sheet, National Safety Counril, 425 N. ' Michigan Avenue, Chicago II, Illinois. 46. Accident Prevention in Childhood-- The Kerosene Hazard, by Hugh A. Car hers. J.A.M.A. 159. 109-111, Sept 10, 1955. 47. Let's Stop Killing and Crippling Our Children, by H. F. Dietrich, Ladies' Home Journal, LXX1I, No. 9, p. 84. Sept. 1955. 48 Public Health Aspects of Poisoning. by E. Press, J.A.M.A. M3. 1330-2; How Toxic Is I l f, by R. E. Gnssclin. J. A.M.A., 63, 1333-7; Practical Man agement of Common Poisoning, by M. Arena, J.A.M.A., 163. 1341-3; Manufacturer Looks at Child Poisaning. by J. H. Fonlgcr, J.A.M.A. 163. 1344-7. April 13, 1957. 49. Operational Memoranda Poison, by Tech Dcvcl Economic CRC PO I ) ) 0003CU Chemical Induili 7 National S o ftly Congress 769. Savannah, G a,, Revised April 1. > Sdation, 4400 Fifth A v e , Pittsburgh U . . a*M K Arch of Industrial Health, Chicago 10. Illinois. 52 American Industrial Hygiene * reis. Reinforced Piastre* m B } : C onfer. 1951. Sect. 16 . H & C A. Thomas M S S S o f c o ^ b u L n oC c h l o r r. flaslics. J. Appl. Chem. 4. 37V- m 65. C(1r9a5u4c)h.. A. G. TTooxxiicciittyy of some o,6f8-th7e0 n e w e r p l a s t i c t . Ind. Med. s o . - 7 r R F i b e r g l a s plastics. Indus- " sInrd. JMied". Jid. 4*39-441 ,(1;94&7).r " . . p A A M. Ross. Effective . X 53 BuB.fi o f H y g i e n e R i ^ U \ ^ ' S ^ Bureau ol Hygiene & TropKil o ses. Keppel S t , Gower Street. W .U I London, England- ca inecial Haralds Bulletins o l the , . VA L I I H artw ell. S83 page*. Public Heallh Service 1 b * " 1951. U.S.G.P O , Washington. U. c , 56 De,roU 27 n s s s . N- d"-* --. s S T ? * ( l V r" 69. Kaskie. J. C. l o > , { the ex. I diphenyl P L i 'e A 7 4 7 from ^ trr/iancytfiocnhloorfid$e*f"i}lms .by ffooooddssttuuff* u^nder various conditions Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 8, (Sept, J v ,9S3)' I S W . I - Patterson. 70. Lehman. A. 7- determining S S v- s 1' " <">*) tl at. Procedures for 78. MacDougall, J.D.B. on silicone ' rubbers stances. Nature 772, 1 studies -subMjfVio, 1953). 79. McKinley. C. Scott. Practical experi ences with dangers and illnesses from plajiics. Ind. Med. id, 432-4 (1947). McKinley, C Scott. Practical precau tions with plastics. Occupational Haz ards 10. No. 3, 14. 38 (1948). 81. Mallete, F. S. 8t E. von Haam. Toxi city and skin effects o f compounds used in the rubber and plastics indus tries. 1. Accelerators. 2. Plasticizers. 3. Carcinogenicity of carbon black ex tracts. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 5, 311-17 (1952); d, 231-42 (1953). 82. Morris, G. E Condensation plastics: their dermatological and chemical as pects. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 5, 37-43 (19S2). 83. Morris, G. E. Synthetic rubbers. Their chemistry dermatological aspects. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 8, 540-6 (1953). 84. Morris. G. E. Vinyl Ploslics. Their dermatological as|>ccls. Arch. I111I. llyg. Occup. Med. 8, 535-9 (1953). 85, 86, 87.--omitted. Oser, U. L. Evaluating safety of chemicals in packaging materials, Bibliog. Food Eng. 27, 57-9 (April, 1955). 89. Penn. Dept. Labor Sc* Industry. Safe guarding of heallh in the plastics in in evaluating health hazards oi food packaging materials. Ind. Eng. Client. 47, sup. 95-6/jj, (Q ct, 1955). 96. Schrenk, K . i i t ^Decomposition prod ucts introduce hazards to health (Teflon) Ind. Eng. Clicm. 47. Sup. 87-8A (D ec, 1955). 97. Schrenk, H. H. Isocyanate toxicology. Ind. Eng. Chem. 47 sup. 107-8A (June, 1955). 98. Schrenk. H. H. Toxicology of syn thetic resists. Ind. Eng. Clicm. 48. sup. 103-HA (April. 1956). 99. S ch W lz, L. How lo guard against ders\u>titis. Plastics (Chicago) 5, No. 5, 4P-52, 80-4 (1945). 100. Slieijwood, R. J. Title unknown-on toxicity of I d 's Fluon. a folylclrafluoloethylene. Trans. Assoc. Ind. Med. O ff/i. 10 (1955). 101. Snell, Foster D. What arc the hazards of new materials (tnchwtincs) I-oMit Dec] Snell Bull, 1916 102. Sunflcrmaii. F.W . & II.H . Il* I " ' taliiijc and sensi'izing r ' - ' ' 1 ' |,,l> tn*'l l* /7f*.*'. ' ' * M d . V, 2111 il iM II*!* : ' 103. Swenson, A . rt al. Title mil * h 1 toxicology of isocyimtcs used in I"' quers. Brit. J. Ind. Med. 72,60 (1955). 104. While, R. B. Dust irritation problems in fabricating reinforced plachcs. Mod. Plastics 52, 129, 227 (Nov, 1954). 57. r t S t o M ^i^jt^'eir'oi a , y Pt' N ew N o rU 51 $ & 2nd serie*. 1953. 63 reviews. 59 Amer. Cymuniid. Co^Toxicology of a t r y l o m l r U e , August 1954. 60 A non. H a r r i e r g r e a s e s `" ,` j ^ i n s ' , a.cm , Age,y7J. 739-40. October U r R* A T T itle Unknown-on 72 Lehman, A. J* . Aoc Food t D m "o ! " du ' s 0 .'i- 1,1 71 SS.'-ML w - t o * . S :tifii %tj r ntinbulan 2 fcS 5 A ^ Repli 6. BS.Sail. L. C. B io /o p y o f Plastics. S P E . " r ^ L B M t 'T ^ c i t y and Barne 62 'S . u . s . Bur. Mines. R.pl- ,nvcsl Brtdi* " 7 Industrial hygiene conm manufacture of r e i n - O K > '""t 76 S S .'. ""i '"d' % 333a 0 ^ 77' w lodurtri' 7 ;. McCormick. W . ^ ;ndustry. A n ,V o '. . ' < ' 2>- dustry. Safe Practice Bull. No. 88, *: Jan, 1942. ; 90. Penn. Dept. Labor & Industnr. Safety In the manufacture and application of acrylic plastics. Safe practice Bull. 95, May. 1942. , Plastics Materials Mfg. Assoc.^ Contact dermatitis from synthetic resin adhe sives. 1945. 92. Pokrovski!. V. A. Professional hazards in the production ol s y n th e tic rubber (in Russian). Gigicna i, Sanit, 1955, No. 9. 17-23. Rogers, J. C. Industrial hygiene prob w lems in the field of plastics. Arch, Ind. Health 72, 749-1 (O ct, 1955). Salvini, M. Occupational sickness in manufactures of phenolic resins. Folia Med. (Naples) 56, 691-9 (1953). Schrenk, H. H. Basic considerations 105. Wilson, R.H. & W.E. McCormick. . Toxicology of plastic components and solvents. Iml. Med. & Surgery 23, 479-86 (N ov, 1954). 106. Wilson, R.H. & W.E. McCormick. Title unknown--a compilation of toxi cological inlormation on some of the more important materials used in plas tic manufacture. Sunmiarires data from 78 published reports. Ind. Med. & Surg. 24, 491 (1955). 107. Anon. Safe containers hold organics lor irradiation--Nucleonics 74, 51 (A ug, 1956). 108. AEC. Control of radiation hazards in the Atomic Energy Program. July. 1950. 109. Graham. R. G. Industrial atom, AF.C experimental program on reactor safety. TID-8009. Feb, 1956. /,[O ` c* ( P a t e l s ) 17 ) S! National Safety C ono"" 10 Nat Acad. Sci. Hiolouical effects ot atomic radiation. A re|>orl lo ll>e piil>- lic. I9S6 11 Nat Acad. Sci. Biological effects of atomic radiation. Summary report, I9S6. 112 Spiers. F. W. Radiation hazards in tlie scientific and industrial st , >,'lllc tnerg>. Chem. & Ind. 1955, 1447 (Nov. 125. Canada Dept, of Health. Ntyomwlym poisoning, 1911 K t Ph. 126. Carpenter. C. P.. et al. Inhalation of 1,3-buladicnct; a comparison ot w* narcotic effects with that of benzene, toluene and styrene liy human sub|ecls. J Ind. Hyg. Tox. 26, 69-78 (1944). 127. Carpenter. C. P., et al. Toxicity and and hazards of dibutyl \ e" lne. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 8. 377-81 S). . I l l Nat. Bur. Stand. Maximum pemns- tible amounts of radioisotopes in the human body and maximum Permissible concentrations in air and water. NBS Hdbk- 52. March. 1953. 114 Lehman, A. J. Some toxicological reatons why certain chemicals may or may not be permitted as food aJJ'U * Assoc. Food Drug Off. Bull. 14, 82-98 (July. 1950). 115. Mackenzie, E. F. W. Effects of alka thene upon water ^ , Water Engineers 5, 596-605 (1VS1). ,,6 Mfg. Chem. Assoc. C htnttah in.foods. Symposium held m New York Uly. 1952. ,, .. ||7 Nat. Res. Council. Food & Nutrition Bd Use of chemical additives m foods. 0953). - f 128. Cellulose Plastics Mfgrs. Assoc, saleguarding pyroxylins plastic. Jan., 1937. 129. Climenko. D. R . ^ "co`" `[C tion of bensol. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 24, 289-92 (1942). 130. Davenport. S. J.. ct al R ie of fluorine and its compounds m the min ing allied industries. Bur. Mines Circ. 7687. I9S4. ,31. Deichmann. W. Toxicity of methyl, ethyl and n-bulyl methacrylate. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 23, 343-51 (1941). 132. Downing. J. G . et al. Dermatitis from cashew nut shell oil. J. Id. H jg . Tox. 22. 169-74 (1940). 133. Dudley. H. C , ct al. Toxicology acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide). 1. Study of the acute toxicity: 2 Study of ' Dec. 1951. . . 118 Sale J. W . Regulatory problems in the food flavoring industry. Assoc. _ Drug Off. U. S. Quart. Bull. V . # 4 -- effects of daily inhalation. J. Ind. HygTox 24, 27-36. 2SS-8 (1942). 134. Elkins. H. B.. et al. Determination ol atmospheric c...Uo.mnants. I. Organ*r (Oct.. 1953). Up Nat Soc. Prevention of Blindness. Industrial first aid in chemical injuries of the eye. Pub. 419. 1944. halogen compounds. J. Ind. ll>g. lo jp, 474-8S (19J7). 135 Friberg. L., et al. Toxicities of In ' chloroethylene and lelracMoroelh^em ,20 Adams. E. M. et al Acute p o r toxi city of allyi cktonie. J- li1 Hyg. and Fujiwara's pyridine-alkali reaction for trichloroacetic acid. Acta Pliarnv 79-86 (1940). Tox. 9. 303 (1953). ,21. Anon Saf % * & * * z Z l 136. Gadberry. H. M. When you use or ganic solvents. Nat. Safety News 19 24-5 68-9 (December). 1_22. B,, ames. . rt - r l~. rl' >*1 Determinatio-nrooxf formaldehyde in air. J. Ind Hjg. ,37 Hendry. J. A., et al. Cytotoxic agent! I Jlfethylolainindes with tumor mlubi 24 10-17 (1942). ,21 Blank. 1. e, at. S lt|di_ot organic tary activity and related " ^ c m pounds. Brit J. Pharmacology 6. 201* fluorine compounds. IV. bjiiliicsil (1951). fliers of floorooxnloarilic a n \ o t f l - ,38 Kosak. A. I. Chemistry of cigars. diddorocthylcne poisoning. Arc! H>*g. Ocuip. Med. 10, 130-3 McCarroll, C. I'. Hazard of mercury vapor in analytical |clrolcum labora tories. Bur, Mines Kepi. Invest. 3475 (1939). Mallctte, I*. S. Industrial hygiene ill synthetic rubber manufacture. Ind. Med. 12, 495-9 (1943). Monsanto, Org. Div. Toxicology and dermatology of pentachtorophenol and sodium pcntacfilorplienate, 1942. Morgis, G. G., et al. Review of litera ture on health hazards of beryllium and its compounds. Dur. Mines Rept. Invest. 7574. (1950). Pozzani, U. C., et al. Subacute vapor toxicity and range-finding data fo r' ethyl acrylate. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 31, 311-26 (1949). Public Health Service. 1. Method for quantitating neuromuscular irritability. The effect of certain drugs on the neuromuscular apparatus. 2. Pharma- cologic act ion of sonic utcfwlic phos phoric esters. Nat. Health Serv. Bull. 165 (1936). ' Public Health Service. Study of chronic mcrcurialism in 1I19 hatters* fur-cutting industry. Pub. Health Serv. Hull- 234 (1937). , j Rowe, V. K.( et al. Determination of monomeric styrene in air. J. Ipd.I Hyg. Tox. 2$, 348-53 (1943). j ' Rowe, V. K., ct al. Results of toxi cological studies on some commercial silicones. Dow Cltcm. Co., 1948. Sayers, R. It., et al. Hazard of'hydrogen fluoride poisoning in the material and allied industries. Bur. Mines Rept. Invest. 7311 (1945). Schrcnk, II. H. Toxicity of oxides of nitrogen and hydrogen peroxide. Ind. Eng. Chem. 47, sup. 93A (Feb., 1955). Smyth, H. F., et al. Some pharma cological properties of polyethylene glycols of high molecular weight (carbowax compounds) I. Ind. H yg Tox 24, 281-4 (1942). ' oropyruvic acid. J. Chem. Soc. . mobs and its relation to lung cancer 2190. . . Trans. N. Y. Acad S c. Ser. II,t ,24. Boumc. B Industrial hazard of 585 (May. 1952). dichlor . Med. lavoro 43. 259 60 ,39. McUiruey, R. S. Trichloroethylene a. (1952) . o o k h t .; ( /inii'iif / iii/it ii'.i . I Spencer, 11. G , ct al. Response of lalioralory animals to monomeric sty rene. J. Ind Hyg. T65t: 24, 295-301 (1942). 153. Von Octtingcr, W. I'., et al. 2-chtoro- butadiene (chluroprcnc) : its toxicity ami pathology and the mechanism of its action. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 18, 240-70 (1936). ^54- Beilis, M. P. Hazardous chemicals. Alpha Chi Sigma 40, 3-16 (O ct, 1949). 155. Brit. Dept. Sci. & Ind. Res. Methods for detection of toxic gases in industry. 156. Foulger, t. H., Toxic vapors and gases. J. Ind. HVg. Tox. J8, 604-8 (1936). 57^ Industrial^ Hygiene Foundation. T ran sactions o5 the Chemical Toxicological and Kngtfeering Conference, 1952. 155 Labor Stimi. Bur. Discussion of in dustrial accidents and diseases. 1936 Convention of International Assoc. Industrial Accident Boards and Com missions. ^)ul1. 10 (l9J7). 159. McLean, D. D. Dust control in indus try. Canada. NRC, TLS Kept. No. 8 (1950). l60 Monsanto, Org. Div., Res. Library. Toxicological Research. News & Notes, No. 36 (Dec., I95J). if. Navy Dept. Industrial poisons and dan gerous substances. General Safety Rules, Sect. 4, 1931. 1x9 Public Jlcallb Serv. Occupational and * related dermatoses, abstracts from the literature July I94J--Dec. 1953. PBS Bull. No. 12, 1954, by D. J. Birming ham, et al. 163. Stewart, W. R. Gases in wartime plants. Safety Eng. 86, No. 4, 48, 50-2 (W . |64. Anon. Prevention of atmospheric and water pollution in the chemical indus try. Chem. & Ind. J953, 136J. 165. Hoak, R. D. Theory and (radice in stream pollution control. Sci. Monthly 75, No. 3. Sept., 1952. 166. Slairmattd, C. F., et al. Role of the cyclone in reducing atmospheric pollu tion. Chem. & Imi. 1953, 1 3 24.^ ) 957 National Safety Congress out that liquid oxygen is commonly re ferred to is LOX in the Missile and Rocket Industry. The oxygen manufac turers were not aware of this practice but fell that it should be discouraged because for many years the term LOX has stood for liquid oxygen explosives in which liquid oxygen is only a part. Also, tanks, sold under such trade names as LO X and L O X E T T E , may be used for the storage and handling of many liquefied gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, etc. At that meeting the group suggested that the secretary of the International Acety lene Assn, lake steps to discourage this usage. The secretary of. the IAA wrote several letters to principals of the Rocket and Missile Industry. A safety engineer in the Air Force read the minutes of last year's meeting in the Chemical Section Safety Newsletter and contacted the IAA. Through his efforts, the Air Force has taken steps to discontinue the use of the term LOX. This wgfctM M O ctober 1957 issue of Missile* and ets in an article entitled "Liquid Replaces L O X Abbreviation in The Air Force is undertaking lion to prevent dangerous and pot disastrous results of the use of the; LOX for liquid oxygen. The lerm-i will be deleted from all USAF tech orders and contracts including i h hcation to the Departm ent of that it also take steps to abolish of the term LOX . A member of the group repo hail received a full tank car ol compressed in long tubes manifold' gctlier. In attem pting to open the outlet valve, they twisted the H e wauled to know how to rel pressure. It was the group's reco lion that the gas supplier be cont any case where the valve is found! inoperative, whether it be on a I or individual cy lin d er.^. ) JCERS O F THE UUlMbt, CHEMICAL SCTION r NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 f Chairman-- C A R R O L L A . H E B E R T , E th y l c o r p , B a to n R o u g e , L a. i in Charge o f Program-- R . L . A L L I N S O N , T h e D o w C h e m ic a l c o ., T e x a s ^ 'Freeport, T ex . -A . B . R IT T E R , H erc lea P ow d er co.t W ilm ington, D el. titer Committee: E . G . M E 1 T E R , C h a ir m a n , E m p lo y e r s' M u tu a ls o f W a u s a u , M il- W i* .; A . H . C H R I S T I A N , A m erica n V isco se corp., P h iladelph ia, P a .; J. T . R O L IN G E R , N itr o g e n D i ., A llied C h em ical U i D ye corp., H o p ew ell, V a .; F R E U '^ E N T Z , H offm an -L aroch e, Inc., N u tley, N . ). * r r f Committee: H . F . R E I N H A R D , C h a ir m a n , U n io n C a r b id e a n d C a r b o n c o r p ., Y ork, N . Y . ; F . C . G A U G U S H , S h erw in -W illiam s co., C hicago, III.; D . F. fkYES, U . S . A to m ic E n e r g y C o m m issio n , W ash in gton , D . C. ; P A U L C. L A M B , r Brothers Company, N ew Y ork, N . Y . j- Relations Committee: R . G . W I C E E L D O N , C h airm an , T h e H r .n l.T lt en., C iiir in - g i, O h io ; A L D O P . O S T I , C h a s . P f it e r r c o ., Injr, B ro o k ly n . N . Y . >"Shetl and Inilrvetion Card Committee: I I . H . F A W C E T T , C h a irm a n , fc n e r :il rie co., S ch en ectad y, N . Y .; D . W . G !B S O K , C olum bia-Southern C h em ical C o r ip etalion, Barberton, O h io ; J . N . N O M IN E , Ph illips R esearch Center, P h illip s P clro kjenm co., B a rtlesv ille, O k la . Committee: J . B . B L A C K , C h a ir m a n , N a tio n a l In stitu te s n f H e a lth . W a s h in g t o n , JR-, ID . C ; T . W . N A L E , M .D ., U n io n C a r b id e 8t C a rlio n c o rp ., N e w Y o r k . N . Y . ; H . W . JR A P P , T h e T ra v elers Insurance co., H artford, C onn.; J. A . H O U G H T O N , rty M u tu a l I n s u r a n c e c o ., B o s t o n , M a s s . rrship Committee: J . J . P R A B U L O S , C h a ir m a n , N a tio n a l D is tille r s P r o d u c t s c o r p . r York, N . Y . and Pisuat Aids Committee: G . R . C U M M I N G S , ^ la d ia rtap o lis, I n d .; A . L . K L I N G , A m e r ic a n C y a n a m id MBONER, T h e C hem strand C orp., P en ta co la , Fia. Chairm an, E li L illy co., N e w Y ork , N . fs c o ., Y .; E. t i n and Contest Committee: M , A . S N E L L , C h airm an , H a r tfo r d A c c id e n t a m i f Indemnity co., H a r tfo r d , C o n n .; T . J . L A N I G A N , G eneral E lectric co.. S y r a c u se, N . Y . f-ike-Job Committee: E . R . W A L - A C E , C h a ir m a n , E a stm a n K od ak c o , R o c h e s te r , If. Y .; G. G. F L E M IN G , C elanese C orporation o A m erica. C harlotte, N . C . ding Committee fo r 1958-1959: J. J. W H A L E N . C h airm an . S o lv a y P r o c e s s d iv .. 1 C h em ical & D y e jorp., S o lv a y , N . Y .; S . F . S P E N C E A m erican C y a n a m id co.. Kew Y ork, N . Y . ; G . R . G O H U E L L , M o n s a n to C h em ica l co ., S t. L o u is, M o . v y Committee: R . H . A L U I S S E R , M e r c k ft c o ., I n c , R a h w a y ,. N , J . ; A L L E N !.. .C O B B , E a stm a n K o d a k c o , R o c h e s te r , N . Y . ; J . J. D U G G A N , C a rb id e *V C a r lx m C h e m ink c o , Sou th C h arleston , W . V a .; (*. L. G O R B E L , M onsanto < h cm ica l c o , St. uss. M o .; S. M M a c C U T C I I E O N , T h e D o w C hem ical c o . M idland. M ic h .; K. I M E Y E R S , E . I. D u P o n t d e N e m o u r s i t c o , I n c , W ilm in g to n , D e l.; S ! S P E N C E , erican C yanam id e o . N e w Y ork, N . Y .; R. C. S T R A T T O N , T h e I ravclcrs Insur: t o , H artford, C onn.; J O H N J. W H A L E N , Solvay P rocess d iv . A llied C hem ical t Pye C orp, Solvay, N . Y . Representative--E D W IN L. ALPAUGII, National Safely Council ( Imago. III. 59 1 fCERS O F THE M? 0 0 OH (-7 COAL MINING s f | ^ N NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 | - I CioirmaH Emeritus--CHARLES FERGUSON, United Mine W orkers of America, lilllu'.ngton, D. C. |rChairman--GEORGE SAMBROOK, U; S. Steel Corporation, Coal Div., Pills- Pa. j ' J \tt~CHmnnon--L. H. JOHNSON, U. S. Unrea l of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa. Vice-Chairman--JO SHU A SM ITH , Eastern G^is and Fuel Associate, Mt. Hope, 'l H. F, WEAVER, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, I). C, presenlalivt--CHARLES FERGUSON, Unite^ Mine Workers of America, Wasli- D. C.; M. F. BRENNAN, United Mine Workers of America, District No. 7, P a .| JAM ES LEEBER, JR., United Mine Workers of America, District 29. Beckley, W. Va. p ' Coal Representatives--J. W. PERO, Pocahontas Fuel Company, Pocahontas, i C E LINKOUS, Island Creek Coal Co.. Holden, W. V a.; M. F- PRUNTY, d am Mines corp., Jenkins, K y.; W AYNE SNELL, U. S. Steel corporation. Coal , Pittsburgh, Pa.; R. L. HAIR, Colorado Fuel and Iron, Ptichlo, Colo.; FRANK JSEK, Freeman Coat corp., Benton, 111.; GEORGE STACHUKA, Old Ben Coal West Frankfort, 111.; E E QUENN, Peabody Coat co., St. Louis, Missouri. Representatives--GEORGE CLARK, Reading Anthracite co, Poltsville, Pa.; KACZINSKI, United Mine Workers of America, District No. 1, Wilkes- Pa.; W. W. EVERETT, Glen Atden corp, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. ialions' Representatives--J. B, BENSON, Southern Coal Producers' AssoriaWasbinglon, D. C.; HARRY GANDY, J R , National Coal Association, Wash- D. C.; FORD SAMPSON, Ohio Coal Association, St. Clairsville, Ohio: UGE TREVORROW, Bituminous Coal Operators' Association, Washington, ; GEORGE COLVILLE. J R , Jewel Mining Company, Paris, Ark. Burrail of M ints Representatives--M, J. ANKENY, U. S. Bureau of Mines, WasliD. C ; JAMES W ESTFIELD, U. S Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. Inspectors' Institute of America Representative--R. D. BRADFORD, U. S. Bureau Mines, McAlestcr, Okla. i: Mint Inspectors' Representatives--U. J. DUSZ. Ohio Division of Mines, Columbus, -_j CRAWFORD W LSON, West Virginia Department of Mines, Charleston, 41 ) 1 J OFFICERS O F THE CONSTRUCTION SECTIQM. ? NATIONAL SAFETY CO U N CIL 1957^5*^ lr -| General Chairman--WILLIAM G. HAW K INS, director a t insurance 4t safety, Bros. co,, Minneapolis, Minn. Vice-Genera! Ownmum--HENRY J. MASSMAN, III, vice-president, Massmaa tion co., Kansas City, Mo. Vice-Chairmen--(Heavy Division)--W. M. GOLDSTON. president. The Corpus Cliristi, Tex.; (Highway Division) --SHELDON CARLSON, Parle Construction co., Minneapolis, Minn.; (Building Division) FRANK D E L I, president, Frank R. Rundell co , Austin, T ex.; (Home Building D isc W. HORTTOR. Kansas City, Mo.; (Special Division)--W. K. COX, tales manager, Caterpillar Tractor co, Peoria, 111. Secretary--ROBERT L. MOORE, director o( technical & engineering d ir, Mutual Casually co, Chicago, 111. Assistant Secretary--E. N. Z1NER, president, Ziner Construction co, Malden ; Nominating Committee Chairman--GEORGE P. O'ROURKE, S R , president. Construction co, Dallas, Tex. Newsletter Committee Chairman--SAM S. ELKINS, chief, safety branch. Sou Corp of Engineers, U. S. Army, Dallas, Tex. Program Cr Publicity Committee: Chairman--H EN R Y T. PEREZ, editor, Methods & Equipment Magazine, New York, N. Y .; Vice-Chairman--W. sales promotion manager. Caterpillar Tractor co, Peoria, 111. f . Membership Committee Chairman--HENRY J. MASSMAN, III, vice-president' Construction co, Kansas City, Mo. Service (Research Cr Screening) Committee: Chairman--R. J. HENDERSH ager, A. G. C. of Minnesota, Mineapolis, Minn.; Vice-Chairman--FRANK; DRO, safety director, B.fPerini & Sons, In c, Framingham, Mass. Engineering Committee: Chairman--JO H N L. JU N K ERT, safety consultant,^ McLennan, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn.; Vice-Chairman--RUDOLPH J. BP visor, construction engineer, Travelers Insurance co, Hartford, Coral. Visual Aids C o m m ittee : C h a irm a n --DONALD F. MANGUSON, assistant A. G. C ol Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.; V ic e -C h a irm a n --LLOYD E. tract engineer, Texas Employers Insurance A ssn, Dallas, Tex. Health Committee Chairman--N. GILLM ORE LONG, M .D, chief surgeon - Mutual Casualty co, Chicago, III. 'J Public Relations Committee: Chainnan--ROBERT L, JE N K IN S , chief,^ S3 Office of the Chief of Engineers, Dept, of the Army, Washington, D. C ; Vies H. W. HEINTZ, safety director, John A. Volpe Construction co, Inc., M` Division Secretaries: Heavy--W ILLIAM B ER R Y ; Highway--E N, Pi. . Building--MISS FANNIE DAVIS, executive secretary, Austin Chapter,'Aj Austin, Tex.; Home Building--CLARENCE F. STURGEON, insurance The Home Builders Assn, of Chicago, Chicago, III.; Specialty--WILLIAM.] MAN, Goodyear Tire ft Rubber co, Chicago, III. S tentative--CLEMENT J. LU EPK E, National Safety Council, Chicay US O F TH E 1PUBLIC EMPLOYEE SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 DLARK J. FISC H ER , safely engineer, City of Milwaukee safely Milwaukee; Wis. ~hairman--D A N IE L F. MJLCHMAN, coordinalor. New York tily safety dept, of personnel. New York, N. Y. I Chairman--M. VAN M ECHELEN, safelA engineer, Washington State dept. , Olympia, Wash. ~koirman--ALEX G. THO M PSO N, safely engineer. City of la> Angeles, . Calif. j Chotrman--JACKSON G. FLOW ERS, Dade County safely director, Miami, RS. LO U ISE RATN ER, safety it claims examiner, Ohio dept, of highways. Accident Control & Claims, Columbus, Ohio. Committee: Chairman--RALPH L. ALTHOUSF, personal injuries supervisor, ml Illinois div. of highways, Springfield, III.; Vice-Ciutirnum--JO SE PH F. $9, supervisor of safety. City of Baltimor\e, Baltimore, Md. Committee Chairman--H. P. GOODIN, safety director. City of Mimica|>ulis, , Minn. >Committee Chairman--BAYNARD A. SW ITZER, chief safety engineer, : div. of highways, Sacramento, Calif. liter Chairman--DR. B. L. CORBETT, M.D., managing director, City of safety commission, Milwaukee, Wis. C m a illn Chairman--W ARREN D. W ILT, safety engineer, City of Detroit, f'M id i. .Committee Chairman & Editor--GEORGE F. KUHNS, safety supervisor, i*. of highways, Springfield, III. >Committee Chairman--D A N IEL F. M ILC'IM AN. Committee Chairman--TARV IA H . D. JONES, engineer-director of safety, Carolina State highway commission, Graham, N. C. tentative--CLEM ENT J. LUEPK E. N UU03C8 fc OFFICERS O F THE , PUBLIC UTILITIES SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 General Chairman--J. E. A PPEL , safely engineer. Commonwealth Edison co., Chicago, |LJ yirr-Choirman--E. M. CHASE, safety director. Central Vermont Public Service Rutland, Vt. Second yitt-Chairman--R. S. LOWE, plant training & safely supervisor, Northwe Bell Telephone co., Omaha, Neb. I. Secretary--R. E. McELDOWNEY, JR., safety director. United Fuel Gas co., Charles! W. Va. t- Vrogram Committee Chairman--L. CLANCY NANRY, director of safety. The Detroit Edison co., Detti Mich. yiee-Chairman--Electric--M. M. MEH RING, safety supervisor. Consumers Public P o J District, Columbus, Neb. Vice-Chairman--Gas--F. I*. MUELLER, assistant director of safety. The Peoples C Light and Coke co.vChicago, III. Vice-Chairman--Water--W. R. LaDUE, superintendent & chief engineer city of Akr Bureau of Water, Akron, Ohio. Vice-Chairman--Commmtications--SAMUEL McKAY, JR., area safely supervisor, 1 Bell Telephone co. of Penna., Philadelphia, Pa. Engineering CommiUt* CAuirmon--V. L. W OMELDORFF, safety director, Illinois Power co., Decatur, 10. Vice-Chairman--Electric--W. F. BACHMAN, safety director, Omaha Public Poi District, Omaha, Neb.; ROY B EITH , manager & secretary-treasurer, Electrical E| ployert assn., Toronto, Canada; I. L. RIPLEY, director of safety, Central Power co., Augusta, Maine; l). B. MOORE, safety director, Duke Power co., lotte, N. C Vice-Choii asan Gat--W. J. EASTON, director of accident prevention, The Cincin Gas & Electric ro., Chuinimtl, Ohio; K. G. CLAAR, safety director, The Ohio Ed Gat co., Columbus, Ohio; E. D. JO NES, safety director. City Utilities of Spring!) Missouri, Springfield, Mo.; W. IX COLLINS, safely director, Rockland Light & Pe co, Boston, Mass. Vice-Chairman--WaUr--T. F. ALLEN, safety engineer. Department of Water & Sea Commissioner's Office, City of Chicago, Chicago, 111.; V. A. APPLEYARD, chief! water operations, City of Philadelphia, Water Department, Philadelphia, Pa.; 0J BROCKWAY, safely inspector. Board of Water Commissioners, Denver, Colfcf Vice-Chairman--Communications--N. W. TEM PLE, plant safety supervisor. Pacific M phon* *' " degraph co., Seattle, W ash.; JOHN BIRD, administrative supervisor, T Wei on Telegraph co.. New York, N. Y. fltrCImlriinm S fi li li I'm jit i.i I. M. FALLS. iiwistiml In ni imlmittinl rela tions, Northern InilUin i'ulilic Servite en, liait..... ml, Imi.; CHARLES SCI I W h it K- ART, lately director, Hoosicr Engineering co., Columbus, Oltin. Education and Training Committee LAainnnn--liKKOLL DUNHAK, suitiy engineer, Polumac Elrtlric Power co., Waslt| inglon, D. C. 'Ice-Chairman--Posters--F. D. NORBERG. safely director, Utah I'ower ft Light co.. Sait Lake City, U tah; M. J. BENDEKOVIC. manager of safety claims. Public Service Joo. of Colorado, Denver, Cold.; J. B. SCHEERER, supervisor, inspeclions, safety dcJjpartment, Philadelphia Electric co., Philadelphia, Pa. 'itt-Chairman--Visual Aids--H. C. PO TTH A ST, su|>ervisii>g instructor, Wisconsin jRnral Electric, job training & safety. Menomonie, W ist; C. H. GUM, safety supervisor, jCity of Jacksonville Utilities, Jacksonville. Fla.; Kj G. CREGAR, safely director, i(Metropolitan Edison co., Reading, Pa. I 'ift-Chairman--Training Plans--A. II. LARSEN, supervisor, construction training, ConiIntonweallh Edison co., Chicago, III.; W. L. CLIFTO N , technical assistant, accident prevention div. The Hydro-Electric Power Comm, of .Ontario, Toronto, Canada; J. G. .DALTON, general safety engineer, Southern Bell Telephone fe Telegraph co., Atlanta, Ga.; HERBERT HOLMES, safely director, Michigan Wisconsin Pipe Line co., Detroit, Mich.; R. N. PA PICII, safely consultant, American Gas Assn., New York, N. Y .; C. E. HAMMON, safety director, Columbus te Southern Ohio Electric co., jColumbus, Ohio. `uklieity Committee f Chairman--T. F. W1CKFOKL), safely sii|>ervisor. Commonwealth Edison co., Chicago, III. a Ice-Chairman-- Public Relations--R. R. CONN, sii|>crvisor of training ft safely, I'ower .Station Department. Dui|iirsne Light cn., Pittsburgh, Pa. >* 'Ice-Chairman--Newsletter--PAUL W INDSOR, safely director, Bureau of Safety, Inc., 'Chicago, III.; R. M. CLARK, safety director, Atlantic City Electric co.. Atlantic City, ;N, J.; j. G. LAMBERT, safely supervisor. Northern Illinois Gas co., Wheaton, III.; TA. B. SH EH EE, safety engineer, R. E. A , Electric Engineering div., U. S. Department ,olAgriculture, Washington, D C. M itliu 6r Contests Committee kmrman--C. A. FISCHBACK, safety supervisor, Sou Angeles, Calif. li California Edison co.. Los ice-Chairman--D. E. HUSK, safely director. New Jel N. J.; J. W. GRONIIhXK, safely manager. New I Mass. Irmbrrjhif Committee -S. T. ROBESON, safely supervisor, Can i'^Tarboro, N. C. wer St Light co., Dover, Electric System. Boston, 00037(1 ^jcjihvnc & Telegraph co.. M .-j^j If Ict-Choirman--H. W. MASTERS, safely director, A sffcdli Tree Expert co. it Utilities . line Const, co., Inc., Jenkintown, Pa.; J. E. HICKMAN, safety engineer, Los AngelesJ-'H- f;Department of Water it Power, Los Angeles, Calif.; j. R. HEIM , safety director, ' jMonongahela Power co.. Fairmont, W. V a.; E. B. BELL, assistant safety director, The ,'bio Power co.. Canton, Ohio. * 45 ) OFFICERS O F THE FARM SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 ) RICHIE, vice president & director of purchases. The Olive^ co^ p^ ^ .'^ "h ONNING. ROGERS. Automotive Safety Foundation. ^ Q y J '* R Q g E N piiL D .assislant direct,, Minneapoli,-Moline co,, M i n n ^ p o l . ^ M . n n t L O U J I S E R ^ Ptogrf5. home economicSj Cooperative La^eni gHUM AN. American Farm Bureau Federation. ' i r ^ ' T u' d b ' w T s K i T O N . Federal Security Administration. U. S. Office I S T ^ t i o n . Washington. D. C ; ARTH UR STAPEL. Fox Valley Cooperative. Inc. ur. Appleton, W is.; ,, r I'U t President for Forms--KIRK FOX. editor. Successful Farming, Dei Moines Iow.| Chairman--A. J. SCHW ANTES. agricultural engineerini dept, University of M ln * * * J St. Paul. Minn. ' '' Pice-Chairman--EDWARD HOLTER. lecturer. National Grange. Washington, D. C Secretary--MAYNARD H. COE. director. Farm division. National Safety CoundlJ Chicago, III. r OTTO STEFFEY. president. ^ ic u S llt'M a d is o n . W i,.; E. W. SWANSON, farm safely special.,. CoM*. A* , . F r w fL L S E Y . farm safety TANQUARY. Internationa H arvesterTM , C , ^ Lafayette. Ind.; W. B. specialist, D ept of Agricultural Eng. - Agriculture. Ohio Stale University. -- * - -- * " \ \ U mbers- EDWARD S. ADAMS, director ol safety. Iowa Farm Bureau M Moines. Iowa; MRS. V E R N E 'A L D E N . National Home. j w. ALMER ARMSTRONG. Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative assn. Indianapolis, In i. CLYDE N BERRY, sociate director. Institute -fA ,t M .-rM Md,cne Sute BRYSON A- merIi--can. Farm Bureau Federation, ChicagDo", ?III,.r cv *R'^ * M T C o !^! i m. S t Fo^ds CO, Chicago. III.; JO HN F. DANEKE. G e n e r a l / S > H u irh MISS G ERTRU D E DIEKEN, The Farm Journal, Philadelphia, P a.. DU" AI D H DUNHAM manager. Retirement Saf. & In,, dept, N atl. Rural Elector d' C ; JOHN M. EKLUND. -I 1 -- - tional Fanners Union, Denver, Colo.; T. A. ERICKSON. St. Paul. Minn.; C. M. FERGUSON ice. U S Dept, of Agriculture. Washington. D. C , MRS. HOM _ . & safety chairman. National Home Demonstration Council. Tulwiler, M **_ EUNICE HEYWOOD. assistant directoediv ho"'e ec nom,C prgr'17 t) LE Stwdard ion Service U. S. Dept, of Vo.-Ag. Teacher. sm , S y c a ^ r ^ l U ^ M I S ^ ^ M Y KhXLYl"College of Agriculture. ^ r s i t y of Mrsmu. Columbia^" Mo.; MRS. DORSEY KIRK. Illinois Stale Grange Oblong. HI.. KEITH KIRKPATRICK, Radio Station W HO, Des Moines, Iowa; Allstate Insurance co, Sltokie. III.; C C. LANG. Eaten,ion Service. U. S. Dept, of Agriculture Wasliington. LARSEN. Michigan Farm Equipment assn. Grand Rapids, Mi J-. yvgricid-j mm* --a D O N / K T MILEEli. N ..J ...I W k d - i a - - PAUL MULL1KEN, National Retail Farm Fqu>pment HERSCHEL NEWSOM. The Gr^ gf : " i ' jJoBLfcj pixE R S O N E Li Du Pent ^ mNemoursyAmes?iow!^;UHAR<RY PONTIOUS. Nationwide Insurance.] 000371 Columbus, Ohio; HARRY I VELL. Goodyear Tire & Rubber co, Milwaukee. W is.'.FR A N K REYH h S ;er, Agricultural Extension. U. S. Steel corp, Pittsburgh. P a.; L P, p c ir - t& fV : in FFICERS O F THE FERTILIZER SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 mrrat Chairman--GEORGE F. DIETZ, safety director. Fertilizer Manufacturing Co operative, Inc., Baltimore, Md. ice-Choirtnan--GEORGE L. FELTON, personnel manager. The Smith Agricultural Chemical Co., Columbus. Ohio. rcretoey--ELMER FERRINE, technical representative. Nitrogen Div., Allied Chemical A Dye Corp., New York, N. Y. ngineering Committee Chairman--A. 1). FE T T IT , director. Industrial Health & Safety, W. R. Grace A Co., New York. N, Y. ngineering Sub-Committees-- Piatiilire/ and ConUst Chairman--F. W AYNE H IG H , manager of Operations, The Baugh Chemical Co., Baltimore, Md. Data Sheet Chairman--JOHN S. MARK, production manager. Farm Bureau Co-op Association, Columbus, Ohio. 'nMir ffrblum i Chairnum--J. LAUREN SH O PE N , safety director. Consumer Co-op Association, Kansas City, Mo, t1embership and By-Latui Chairman--C. S. G R IF F IT H , superintendent, Virginia Carolina Chemical Corp., Cincinnati, Ohio. I'iiw f Aid Committee Chairman--O. E. PERRY, superintendent, C. O. Smith Guano Co, Moultrie, Ga. * Insurance and Legislative Committee Chairman--E. O. BURROUGHS, JR., manager. Insurance Dept, F. S. Royster Guano Co., Norfolk, Va. Research Committee Chairman--JOHN E. SM ITH , safety director, S|cnccr Chemical Co, Pittsburg, Kan, NoiiiinafiHg Committee Chairman--E. 0 . BURROUGHS, JR., manager. Insurance DepL F. S. Royster Guano Co.. Norfolk. Va. Supervisory North Ca 9 C o m m i t t e e C h a i r m a n --W . C. CREEL, safely director. Stale el /ept. of Labor. Raleigh, N. C- f i Members-at-Largc S. COTTRELL, director of Operations, Olin-Mathicson Chemical Corp., Little Rrk, Ark. EARL DAY, president, Ark-Mo Plant Pood Co., Im\, Corning, Ark. MIKE C. ELLISON, safety director, Mississippi Chemical Co., Yazoo City, Miss. ROD MARTINET, vice president, E. Ranh A Sons, Indianapolis, fnd. G R A Y S O N 11. M O R R IS , nssistimt ptodottimt manager, Smilliern States Cno|ernlivr. Richmond, Va. GORDON W. PITTOCK, work# manager, William Stone Sons, Ltd., Iiif'enoll, Out.. Canada. HARWOOD T. RICE, safety director, Southwest Potash Corp., Carlsbad, N. M. YEN SHEN, Taiwan Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Taipei, Teivan, Chinn. W. A. STONE, plant manager, Wilson ft Toomer Fertilizer Co., Jacksonville, l*la. J. R. TERRY, personnel safety engineer, Davison jZhemical Corp., Div. of W. R. Grace A Co., Rartow, Fla. A. A. WAUGH, safely engineer. International Minerals A Chemical Corp., Ilarlnw, Ida. M. F. W IIARTON , treasurer, Arizona Fertilizer Inc), Phoenix, Ariz. ROY W H IT E, Lion Oil Co., El Dorado. Ark. C K. BRUTCHER, superintendent, Davison ChcmiralfjCo., Div. of W. R. (race A Co. New Albany, Im l 1 STRATTON McCARGO, personnel suiiervisor. G.L.Hi Soil Building Service, Terrace Hill. Ithaca, N. Y. R. A. FISCHER, general manager, Milford Fertilizer Co., Milford, Del. V. A. FRIZZELL, vice president, The Triangle Co., Salinas, Calif. ROGER HUGG, personnel supervisor. International Minerals A Chemical Corp., Chi cago, III. N. NICHOLS, Nichols Fertiliser & Chemical Co., Oklahoma Cily, Okla. B. A. SCHLAGENHAUFF, supervisor. Fire Protcclion A Safely, Brea Chemicals Inc., Brea, Calif. QUENTIN S. LEE, The Cotton Producers Assn., Atlanta, Ga. EDWARD J. LARGENT, M.D., assistant professor, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. A. 1. RANEY, safety direclor, Phillips Chemical Co., Bartlesville, Okla. GAITHER T. NEW M AN, manager. Insurance Dept., Smitli-Douglass Co., Inc., Nor folk, Va. Honorary Members SIDNEY H. BIER1-Y, general manager, California Fertilizer Assn., San Marino, Calif. PAUL T. T R U IT T , executive vice president. National Plant Food Institute, Washing ton, D. C. HENNING W A LTERSD O RPH . Magnolia Fertilizer Co, Seattle. Wash. Staff Representative * J. C. KATO, National Safely Council, Chicago, III. v v- 00037.? v ) I'M. I \ 2.1 Dairy 'rodvfts Divistoti : Chairman, VCTOR G. H EN D R IES, matiagcr, safely l^and *o Lakes Creameries. Inc., Minneapolis, Mini.; Vice-Chairman, PERRY* ELLSWORTH, assistant to executive director, Milk Industry Foundation; W i l> C.; Secretary, ARTHUR S. FOUST, executive secretary--safety. The Bordai] Houston, Te*. / DuhlUrs Division: Chairman, EDW ARD BENNETT, Sclienley Distillers, l u t , Fp fort, Ky,; PiVe-CfminnaM, JO SE PH J. PRABULOS, safety director. National tillers Products corp.. New York, N. Y .; Secretary, G. W ADE AMOS, sup Safety Engineering Dept., Aetna Casualty & Surely co., Louisville, Ky. / Drocessors Division: Chairman, VCTOR R. JOHNSON, safety supervisor, i Products co., Fremont. Midi. ; Vice-Choirman, RICHARD CARTW RIGHT, per director, llaxlon Foods, Inc., Oakfield, N. Y. ; Secretary, ROY E. CAM PBELL i engineer, Campbell Soup co., Chicago, III. Croia Handling & Processing Diviiion: Chairman, JO H N M. JEN SEN , director of stfd Corn Products Refining co., Chicago, III.; Vice-Chairman, J. R. McCANN, fire pi' lion manager, Ralston Purina co., St. Louis, Mo.; Secretary, GEORGE L. K1TCH director of safety, F. H. Pcavey & co., Minneapolis, Minn. Indtutrial Agriculture Division: Chairman, ROBERT P. ALDEN, safely & wage ad isirator, Castle Be Cooke, Lid., Honolulu, Hawaii. t:\rfulivr Advisory Committee: N. K. T il IId., director of safety. Scaliest Soutl Dairies l)v., Charlotte. N. C. ; NIXON de TARNOWSKY, safety engineer, F. It M. Schaefer Brewing co., Brooklyn, N. Y .; ROBERT C. LEITNKR, su|tervai of industrial relations, Libby, McNeill and Libby, Union Stock Yards, Chicago, lid CLIFFORD P. McBKIDE, |cr*oimel manager, I*ahst Brewing co., Milwaukee, Wis.;J GORDON E. MORRISON, Employee Relations ft Safety, Kellogg co.. Battle C ftA ' Mich.; BURTON H. MAY, director of safely ft health, Mars, Inc., Chicago, I1;J E G. HUTZLEY, senior safely engineer, Campbell Soup co., Camden, N. J .; GEORGE; If. STEEL, safety director, Ralston Purina to., St. Louis, Mo.; DEAN M. CLARJ^ Grain and Elevator Processing Superintendent, Chicago. III. Staff Hefrsenlalive--KAY MON U C. ELLIS, JR., National Safely Council, Chicago^ I I r FICERS O F THE | MEAT PACKING, TANNING AND LEATHER PRODUCTS SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 t Choirnum--CHARLES H. ELS ItY, liramli A nidm l PrrTufmit Mi;r., Employers lual* of W iiim h , Milwaukee, Win. i Vu$ Chairman-- K. W. UNW IN, SI!., KeliaMr Paching Co., ( Iiiriiitn. Ml. Viet Chairman--DONALD S. MacKKNZIK, American Meat ln*;|iliitr, Chicago. Utter editor--HOW ARD ItKIiHOl.TZ, afrly director, Tlir Rath Packing (V . Waterloo, Iowa nl Netvslctfcr fuiiftir--CARL CONKLIN, Whitehall I .ratIter Co.; Wltilrliall. Midi. g to ry-- A . J . D I T T M E R , oflicc m a n a g e r, (in ln titim \ ( o m p a n y . I hic;n*<% III. fmbfrfhip C o m m i t t e r --H O W A R D K E B IIO L Z (Chairm an), safely direr Im. Tin- liaili /Packing Co., Waterloo, Iowa; C L A R E IIR O M A N , l at'lfO tim va l.eaihrr C*. ^ Haven, Mir). wring Committee--K. W. UNWIN, SR. (Chairman). Reliable 1. L-i * Chicago, HI.; ALEX SPINK, safely director. Kiugan M>grade. I **! IV -I ads Cbrp., Indianapolis, Iwk; MARTIN CEKNKTISCH, safety d im in r, Join Morrell ftCo^ Ottumwa, Iowa; RALPH K. POMROY, A. C. Lawrence Leather t o., Peabody. Mats.; PAUL A. PKTERSKN, safely engineer, Zurich .Insurance Co., Chicago, III.; MIKE CHOMICKf, safely & fire chief, lim iter Packing Co., Hast Si. Louis, III.; HUBERT L. CLOVER, safely director, IntcrnationM Shoe Co., St. I-ouis, Mo. jiml Aids Committer--DONALD S. MacKENZIF. fCliairman), American Meal Inst., Chicago, Ilk; N. R. SHERMAN, Cudahy Bros. Co.. Cudahy. Ws.; F., W. SCIIULVS. Cm Supt. Oflice, Swift A Co., U. S. Yards, Chicago, Ilk; C. C. CHOKER, Wilson A Co. Chicago, Ilk; JO H N THURMAN, safety director, Oscar Meyer A Co., Madison, Ww.; ELLIS KUNIC, safely director, Stak A W ei?. Indianapolis, Ind. .-liJi Committee--DR. K. V. KAPOV, (O iairw an), medical dirthr. \mtn A t " , Chicago. III.; l)R, JO SEPH II. SCI IIEP Chicago. Ml. tidly Committee--(*REtORY PIETRASZEK (t"I-airman), technical editor, National Provisioner, Chicago, 111.; LEIF KRONIN, Tanner-.' Council of America, New* York, N. Y. irriti oad .Irfm ory Cimiti/hy--lIOW ARU REMIIOLZ (Chairman), *ucfty director, : the Rath Packing Co., Waterloo, Iowa; I'. D. PEELER, JR., Mgr, Employee Scrv*ices. General Shoe Corp.. Nashville, Trim.; ALEX S P IN K , director of health A safely. Ktngan Division, Hygradc, Foods Products Corp.. ludiattapolis, link; A. J. DITTM ER, nanagcr, Gutman A Co., Chicago, HI ; IOSKIMI POCHOP, safety director, >Jolm Morrel A Co., Sioux Falls. S. Ik ; K, A. H.AR.SCIINEK, safely director, Swift Co., U. S. Yards, Chicago, Ilk; MARTIN CEKNKTISCH, safely director. Jlm Morrell A Co., Ottumwa, Iowa. Rffreerntative--J. C. KATO, National Safety Council. Chicago H, III. f.t OFFICERS O F THE TRADES AND SERVICES SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY CO U N CIL 1957-58 j Ratauront Division: I til IChairman--A l- S O M M E R , otvncrm anagc. The So, nter Restamant. t Imago H. E;yice-Chairtnan--JOH N HARDING. II. vicc-presideit. Harding Restaur:...... Cucago. II Isrcretory-H A R V E Y KLINC.EMAN, owner-manager. Indian Trail Tea Room. Wmncika. V 111. fcrvtit/c Advisory Committee: y 0(|< General ChoirMio.i-HOGEK J. WEAK, safety director. The Kroger co.. Cincinnati. Oh l ir,l Vice Chairman--CHARLES I*. ENC.LER, assistant manager. Los rrevenlion dej*. Montgomery Ward & co., Chicago, III. ' ( Seeretary--MAURICE J. MARTEL, director of safety and fire prevention. The Shettmg Hotel. Chicago. Ill ' Membership Chairman--KOHKKT It. NORMAN, safely manager, ACF-Wrigley Stow, Inc., Detroit, Mich. frogram Chairman-- El tW AH O KRYSZAK. stall assistant. Loss Prevention dept.. Mont gomery Ward & co., Chicago, III. Vf-ll,e-Job Safely C hairm an-WALTER A. DUDEK. safety and security director. The Conrad Hilton Hotel, Chicago, III. Trade, and Service, Newsletter-Restaurants. Hotel,: FY^R editorial director. National Rntaurant Assn., Chicago. III.; JO H N J. KU1 I LEY. Jit, director of research. National Kestar:;iil Assn., Chicago, III* Assn', Chica'g i'u iT T lO W A R D C SEEHAUSF.N. executive director. Bowlmg Pro w, prietors Assn, of America, Inc.# Chicago, III. ^ ^ ? S f t Representative--RAYMOND C. ELLIS. JR.. National Safety Council. Clncago. . Uanh. Buildings and Office, Division: Chairman--C. F. SCIIAR. snptrintendent of fire and safely. University of Illinois, Phyii- ral Plant dept.. Chicago. III. yice~Chairman--JOHN F. JONES, supervisor of safety ami training. Commonwealth Kdison & co., Chicago. III. load Rtladtrs Division: Chairman--M. G. JACKSON, safely director. I. Weingarte.r. Inc., Houston. Tex. Vice-Chairman--HARRY H. COCHRAN. JR., labor relations-safety director. Safeway Stores, Inc.. Los Angeles. Calif. Secretary--ARNOLD R. MKI.TZHH, safely supervisor. Stop St Shop. Inc., Iloiton. Man. Hotel Division: ............... CAeirw.*--ROBERT C. N O K D IIA U S E N . personnel director, Albert lic k Hotels. Ua- CJfO, III. yice-Choirmon--HARRY GUSTAFSON, safety director. The Drake. Chicago, 111. Secretory_ROBERT C. l'ETRIIi. divisional trainer. Hotel div.. K. I. du Pont He Nemo k co.. Inc.. Wilmington. Del. M e r c a n tile and MW/mnug D iv isio n : Chairman--J. DONALD PRINCE, insurance manager. The Hccl.t co.. Baltimore. Md. ,jl I'ce-Chairmun--WALDO COMINS. safety and fire prevention supervisor. Marshall Fttldj ft co.. Chicago, III. Secret VLI.EN D. WALTERS, secretary. American Warehousemens Assn.. Clr III. V'> s5l!;4r.- 0003 - ( r J 6' ) !9iT National S o ftly Congress rule says not to use air hoses to blow off oor slothes, so we put the word air hose on a card. We distributed tlieie 16 card to the con feree. and In discussion aked "Who ha the card that aay "oir hosef" when *omebody railed hi hand, we ashed what the tafcty rule wa about air hose*. Normally they came pretty close to the rule, and we discussed each rule and its importance. The conferees brought out many examples of accidents that happened because the rules were broken. LOCKING-OUT RULE Session three wa devoted to one of the safety rule: "The rone engineer or engi neering supervisor is responsible for prop erly safeguarding against dangerous condi lions developing during the progress of a repair job." The area of safeguarding ma chines from being tarled when being re paired is potentially very dangerous. In our company some machines are quite large, extending three to five stories high. It would be easy for a worker to start such a machine when someone was working on it. if proper precautions weren t taken. To drive home the necessity for "locking out" a machine every time it is worked on. we showed a film, "It's in the Card, pro duced by the Abitili Paper co. of Canada. In our conferences we asked the conferees to note the behavior of the people to see if they could pick any of the seven types we discussed in session one. We concluded the session agreeing that it is important to observe the behavior of our people to prevent accidents. PERSONAL TRAITS EMPHASIZED out that this large range O^^MTcrerx* true in any group of petqW trait or characteristic We discussed the people who would likely cause problems, and concluded most problems would come from thoi either extreme of the range. Then we that although every one is different l are distinct and similar types of personal Five of the common types of pc that can cause difficulties a re : 1. The fellow who is sloppy 2. The tough guy J. The show ofl 4. The loud mouth 5. The practical joker The sloppy man is frequently laty, things lying around. The lough gay safety is for sissies. He's the fellow runs the machine with the guard off. , much too tough to get hurt I The skew f is interested in calling attention to hinad He will take chances to get people to tdm him. The b u d mouth attracts attenlioa* himself by telling others how to do their jd He's the authority on everything. The1" one, the practical joker can give us a ~ rough time. The problem is not how to recognise l*w but how to handle them. The session e " with a summary of the four sessions the four foundations for good relations.^ house of safely would have to be built lliese four foundations: 1. To let each person know how he gelling along, supervisors must know 1 accident, hospital, attendance, production quality reports with an understasal through observation of the behavior ol FfICERS O F THE | GLASS AND CERAMICS1SECTION | NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 m Chairman--RUSSELL FRANK. Ferro corp, Cleveland. Ohio. Kire-Choirmow-CLYDE C. RUDDICK. Pittsburgh Hate Glass co.. Pittsburgh. Pa. _ Firr-C hairm on-JO H N V. SKF.NDALL, Harbison-Walker Refractor, co.. $ttsburgh. Pa. itory-ED W IN L. W RAY--Ball Brothers co.. Inc., Muncie. Ind. Committee Chairman--THO M A S It. IKTNOGHUK. Pittsburgh Plate Lilas, co.. burgh. Pa. i , ... rship Committee C_h. ai.rman--A* . hH. IUtlUlRKKKEET.l Ti . Ou w e' iu-Uliuois Glass tax. Laooy is div., Toledo, Ohio. __ teeing & Health Commi.ttee Chairman--uW; . iG: . HIIAAZ^Aa RkD.. O wens-Illinois Glass co., (.Toledo, Ohio. artier Editor--RUSSELL FRANK, Ferro corp.. Cleveland. Ohio. rjty Promotions Commi.ttee Chai.rman--}, AAMltEreS; I . MORRIS The Federal Glass Co., Xolumbu, Ohio. ....... /ty Contest Commi.ttee Cha.irman--JtoOHHNN VV. SkKlEinNlDiA/m1..,I.,, Harbison-Walker Kcfrac- ilories co., Pittsburgh, Pa. ,,nations Committee Chaiemaw-W IL L IA M K OPPU T. O w ens-C rnin, Fibcrgla. co, 'Newark, Ohio. , . t-The-Job Safety Committee Chairman--KARL STElMKRAUS. Owens-I.hnot, Glass eo, Alton, III. J . Off Representative--J . E . C R O U S H O R E . N.Uo.tal Safety Council. Clucago. lit. I- in our last session, we discussed how people are both different and alike. Some times we overlook that people are so dif l>coplc. . 2. To give credit when due, supervises should have an attitude of fairness ferent, one from the other. To demonstrate this the conferees participated in 1a little experiment. We gave them a number and asked them to double the number and then re-double as far as they could go in 60 *CCtu!i- After the minute was up, we read correct answers and asked them to mark on their paper how msny times they had doubled the number correctly. In every class there was a terrific " from a low of two or three times up or 21 times. It was pointed sincerity. . 3. To tell people in advance about tM* that will affect them "safely wise" they -- know the safety rules. i 4 To make the best use of each pemA ability they need skill in leadership ten beriug that everybody's different and ten* niiing that people must be treated as dividual*. These arc lire foundalions upon n i any house of safety must be built.A. 000370 30 00377 ) pCERS O F THF y RUBBER SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 19 5 7 -5 8 Nmd Chairman--C. E. BECK, Si. Clair Rubber co., Marysville, Mieli ft-Chairman in Charge o f Program--M. R. IJATCHE, Firestone Tire & Rubber co.. EAfcron, Ohio. toy--W. J. DOOLING, B. F. Goodrich Footwear and Flooring co.. A div. of The F. Goodrich co., Watertown, Mass. ktter Editor--A. R. POMEROY, The Ohio Rnblicr co., Willoughby, Ohio. leering Committee: Chairman, N. C. I.ONGKF, U. S. Knldier co., Passaic, N. J .; TURNER, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber co. of Canatla, Ltd., Toronto, Canada; B. MAINES, Republie Rubber div. of the Lee Rubber & Tire corp., Youngstown, a dlh Committee: Chairman, R. II. W ILSON, M.U, The B. F. Goodrich co.. Akron, lOhio; W. L. HOGUE, M.D., The Firestone Tire & Rubber co , Akron. Ohio; W. A. IlIcCAUSLAND, M .D , B. F. Goodrich Footwear and Flooring co, A div. ol The PR. F. Goodrich co, Watertown, Mass.; F. W. SANDS, U. S. Rubber co, New York. ;N. Y. hip Committee: Chairman, K. II. DAVIS, Il F. Goodrich Chemical co, Cleve land. Ohio; *W. M. GRAFF, U. S. Rubber co, New York, N. Y.; J L. DEAN, The Firestone Tire & Rubber co, Memphis, Tenu. iter Committee: Chairman, I). M. CORNELL, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co, [Akron, Ohio; F. J. FRAME, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber co. of Michigan, Jackson, 'Mich.; G. A. MILLER. The Gates Rubber co, Denver, Ohio. ' Aetociation and Liaison Committee Chairman--D. M. CARSON, U. S. Rubber co, |. Detroit, Mich. #nd Regulations Committee Chairman--C. S. K R'JG ER, Carlisle Tire & Rubber jDivision ol Carlisle corp, Carlisle, Pa. i Ifirify Committee Chairman--RAY HART, The Daylcn Rnbl>cr co , Dayton, Ohio. ebbri Committee Chairman--J. C. MILARCH, Cord'iroy Rublicr co. Grami Rapids, I Mich. mVflf Goods Committer: Chairman, G. R. COVERT, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber I to, Akron, Ohio; G. E. R O SE The Wooster Rubber co, Wooster, Ohio; T. F. DAVIS, j,B. F. Goodrich Sponge Products, div. of The II. F. Goodrich co , Shelton, Conn. Manufacturing Committee: Chairman, *R M. HOYLES, Midwest Kubltcr Rcf chiming co. East St. Louis, 111.; *R. W .I'TCKES. T:ie Goodyear Tire A Rubber co, krn, Ohio; *T. J. CAIN, JR , The B. F. Goodrich co , Akron, Ohio; P. E. DERY, KDuninion Rubber ro . L td, Montreal, Canada; C. G. TRA V ERS. U. S. Rubber Re- jthiming co, Inc, Buffalo, N. Y. Laboratories Committee: Chairman, It. A. MANNING, The Goodyear Tire & KJbbber co, Akron, Ohio; F. B. W ILLIAMS. Carlisle Tire & Rubber div. of Carlisle Reorp, Carlisle, Pa.; E. J. FRANCOIS, United Slates Rubber co. Research Center. Wayne. N. J. ' r :.i;rty >. --ci *j. Ti. ~ 1 - 'J 7. Gemerti I*ire ir ti R zthtsI Ail. Ohio: /. J. R A Y TR EU IC H . U. S. R uttar co., Joliet. I ll: .V R. HUB Dunlop Tir* & Rubber corp. Buffalo. X. Y, Og-Tkt-Job S o ftly CommiUtt: Chainnan, E. R. GARDNER, Akron ChanJMT*t < merer. Safety Council, Akron, Ohio; S. T. BURROWS, The Mansfield Tire A f co, Mansfield, Ohio; *S. A. W RIGHT, Inland Manufacturing div.. General corp., Dayton, Ohio. Inlrrnolional SynlhtlU Rubber S o ftly Auociolion: Chairman, G. T. SH USTER, To U. S. Chemical co.. P ort Neches, Tex.; H. M. ARCHER, Petro-Tex Chemical i Houiton, Tex.; E. E. METZ, Ccfcolymer Rubber & Chemical corp, Baton Rouge, I R. I. KELLEY, American Synthetic Rubber corp, Louisville, Ky.; J. A. BROI Petroleum Chemicals. Inc., Lake Charles, La. ; F. C STARBIRD, The Firestone i ft Rubber co. Synthetic Rubber div, Akron. Ohio; N. P. BARKER, General Tw{ Rubber co, Odesso, T ex.; L. W. BOULTON, Polymer corp, Sarnia, Ontario, 1 J. C UTLEY, Firestone Tire ft Rubber co. Synthetic Rubber div. Lake Charles, I K. K. KETCH E l, United Rubber ft Chemicals, Baytown, Tex. Advuory CommiUtt: *H. I . ANDREW S, The Firestone Tire & Rubber co. Poltrii Pa.; *T. H. BOYD, Manhattan Rubber div. ol Keybcslos, Manhattan, Inc, Pan N. J.; *R- A. BULLOCK, Corduroy Rubber co. Grand Rapids, Mich.; *G. D. CRO The Firestone Tire ft Rubber co, Akron. Ohio; *R. S. FARNUM, 0 . S. Rubber Detroit, Mich.; ROLAND KASTELL, U. S. Rubber co. New York, N. Y.; KIDNEY, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber co, Akron, Ohio; *J. E. LOVAS, Uvl , Rubber co. Passaic, N. J. Slag R tfrtu n lo liv t--JO H N D. GALLAGHER, National Safely Council, Chicago; 1 I Past General Chairman M I ) > A', N* I jFh \.1ER S O F T H E HOME SAFETY C6NFERENCE NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 rSC Pice-President for Home Safely--GEORGE M. WHEATLEY, M.D., third vice ' president, Health and Welfare, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, New York, N. Y. [ftainiMn--MRS. GEORGE W ELLES, JR., St. Luuis County Safety Coiuicil, Duluth, | Minnesota. E Oliver o f H owe Safely Conference on N SC Board o f Directors--ALFRED W. WELL, A. L. CHAPMAN, M.D., MRS. GEORGE WELLES, JR. -Bled--FR ED LONG, M.D., Commissioner of Health, l 'eoria, Illinois; Amcrii Public Health Association. ^rr Chairman, Health and Medical Section--JA M ES L. GODDARD, M.D., Chief, Accij.dcnt Prevention Program, U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, l>. C. tyics-Chairman, Home Building and Equipment Section --EUGENE I.. LEHR, t Inrl. Pr<*. Kt-giam Services, Accident Prevention Pronrain. I \ S. I'uhlir Health Seine, W-I.Mtt..n. D. C. M fite-CJunrnuin, Community Service (Civic) Croups Section--MISS MARY M. W EEKS, ^Program Specialist, Girl Scouts of the U -S. A.. New York. N. Y. Titary--THOMAS FANSLER, Director, H om e'S afety Division, National Safely [Council, Chicago, Illinois. ,I H.: - t 000371): ., , v , -fj 59 ) OFFICERS O F THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF SAFETY ENGINEERS NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 ) W a t Central Region--HOI-I.KY P. IIRAHLKY. supervisor of sofe.v. Servir, r . | - Line co., Tulsa, Okla. j Santino,,! Region--EDWIN li. LOCKK. manager engineering .lc|.:.rl.enl. Icxas l i ployers Insurance Assn., Dallas, Tex. We,tern Region--S. KIRKLEN COLI-INS. M.periule...le..t. avvi.le.il Loss & I'rev Ht|.i Fireman's Fund Group, San Francisco, Calif. lr ,,, IV. . vox. ,IK ,, . w . . r .1 corp., Los .Angeles, Calif. " W TM " " * - ** " ` " I ir,I Vic, President--ROBERT CLAIR.* =>**' vice president. Liberty Mutual ance co., Boston, Mass. s ,, W F.V, Prr.iiifrnf--OONALD C VACGHAN.* manager, engineering (t in. dept., Aetna Casualty ft Surety co., Harllor.l, Conn. Serre,.,,y and Managing . r e c t o r II. JOHNSON. American Society of Safety neers, Chicago. III. Ireatnrrr_GEORGE. F. NUKUNIIKRGEK. afety ile,.r,mcnt. Kaiser Steel I'ontana, O lii. I i " S L S i T TM 5' ir t l^laadinp Committee Chairmen ^ Committee on Aaw ird1 t &e HIttm on iIM1FEUKlKil1*. K* | ) |;*RY. Mi|crvisir of safety, IhnniiiinM RuMwt Co, Mmlrd. QuiIkt. C:in:t<!;i Committer on C h a tte r,-O T T O C. HAII-R. safely d ire.nr. Standard Oii < nf Ohio. Cleveland, Ohio j - c* - -- r ' * * f- *" ciale director of safety. Nationwide Insurance, ........... us. ( fino Allis-Clialmer Maniilacliiri.ig co.. Milwaukee. W .. . FRH>1 * * . a corp.. San Francisco, Calif. _ c ,. ,0to H i I 'l l CLAIBORNE'., safety assistant. Pan American Peti Term Ending / 59 - LADF.RER. associale director of safety. Hi ri-,TM TM ." i * Inc., Tullalionia. Tenn. * > . > " ' -- - * * * ; r ,, . . < . iwo--v.k o u c k M. V" P ^ TS ^ f f i r ^ s c m S i l 0 . S. Bureau of Mines. Region VI, Halli*. f e ., - . VIRGILI accid...! prevention manager. Employer. Mutuals o fW a u sa u Wi*.. v t * WOMELDOREE. salety director, Illinois I ower co., Dccuti r. . * Hegioned Vitr I'retidenlt . . E o ,t.m Region--ARTHUR II. CHRISTIAN, corporate afe.y engineer. Vlicotr coip, Philadelphia, l*a. Nor,hM t Region--WARREN J. PETERS, engineer. The Traveler, In, co.. Ro W W Region-IV W. LOGAN. division manager. Engineering department. Mutual Insurance co.. Atlanta. *>a. Central Region-J O H N F. JONES, safely supervisor. Commonwealth Chicago. III. . East Centra, Region-** YRON L. MILLER, supervisor of safely. Wes,inghouse I corp.. East Pittsburgh. Pa ..,, g -n cago. r; & N '"jON ES.* ^perv^M^Comlnmm^illli I I was made second vice president. Committee on Cootcralion m il, Engineer,,, nita.il in afe., service. General E lectric ... New f o r k . Committee on Eim m c-G K O R G E F. NUERNIlliRGF.R. Steel corp, Fontana, Calif. N. 1. a.cty ............ .. * ..... km r, Committee on Genero, P ublication,-FR EI) casualty, Columbia-Geneva Steel d.v, U. S. Steel corp. o i^'CMC ' Committee on M em ber,hit-G EORC.E L. . U ^ e l y lions departmenl. Monsanlu Chemical co., * . ^ _. . . v ] |, r H A U li'R sa felv supervisor. Ko|i|ers co.. Committee on Public Relation,--ROLAND C. I A t . - Pittsburgh, l'a. f , Canoni - Hettarek--U ICH A EL F . . ...... ........ " * * " " " " ' ' Allis-Chalmers Manaiifacturing co., Milwaukee, Vy . ,, ... - r u m iA S R I.EM HIEATEK. safely Committee on Safely l.an and Rrgnlal.,me--T U ( I director. T.hI.1 Shipyard corp.. New Yorki ' , J f t v t l P R f i C H l UKTE.R, avviilcnl prcvrulioii inanaCommitlee on S a f e t y Standard,--C L Y D E T . CM I-l . ger. Employer Muli.al of W a ll . W . . , VW- 'Committee an Tre,mica, />,,(.,un,.-- HENRY G. LMI Hroi.sville. N. Y. fl ^ ,, ... Iw rN Al ' | ti V A U G H A N , niaiiagcr. cogl- Sfociai Committee on Congees, I e o g ro m s-i[,NA ' ` , U rlf(.rd. t on... \ neering te i..s|:clim dept . Aetna ta..ally A S nr.lj ... Marni r . r , . ,, .... , , STEN NETT, director, accident A hrr Committee on A<hon l raynim - r ri.ie-,,. III. j prevention div. National AsK-ialiun of Nl w i | ^ limy,r ^ ai^ ` Syetiol Committee cm Junior .-/c/ii. ; . ni,-ii/- I* W W R Sfocio, Committee on M em benhit Servicet brinci. Aro, Tullahnnia, Trim. TI'.R MARCONI, manager.'f i,r 0003 S p e tta l C o m m itte e tm M o to r V e lu d e O p e r a tio n --r A M O S E. N E Y 11ART, head. Institute ol i 'ublic Safely, The rennsylvania State Univ. A nnex Univeraity Park, Pa. Special Committee on NSC-Sociely Relationship--DR. WILLIAM P. of reicarch & development. Mine Safety Appliances co., John T. Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pa. Sfetial Committee on Review of the Constitution and By-Laws--WILLI JR., Professor of safety & Industrial Engineering, School of Industrial Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Ga. Special Committee on Society Exhibit at Museum o f Science and Indt R. GRAHAM Safety Engineer Dilurninous Casually Co. Insurance Km A-917 Chicago, Illinois Historian--EDWARD B. LANDRY, Benjamin Franklin Station, Wa Rational Safety Council Representative--DAVID L. ARM. manager, Indus National Salety Council, Chicago, III. ' 1 t, It. A H<rh n >r nt ) 15 I i II ) W St N aU onal S tiffly Cvnjjrcjs SOUGHT FRINGE BENEFITS A f lr r ilu* th e rrc iiiitin i; an d ilk' hcHccm enl o f w o rk in g miMlilHHii l*cc.line n focnf |*int fo r a d lv ily . U |to n l>cinc p a rtia lly o r to ta lly su c c e ssfu l th e d e m an d * o f Inlknr turned to th e so-called frin g e item*. Kcfcn lly , th e Tight to slay a h ea d o f th e rising cost-of-living has dem anded the attention of the w orker and his trade union. W e have passed over rath er hurriedly the general b argaining h isto ry of ihc latror m ov em en t sin c e its re b irth in th e e a r ly 30`s and of course a num ber of item s which have been im portant have not been m en tioned. D uring th is tim e m ost unions had little tim e o r energy to devote to protecting the safely o f th e m onikers. In all fairness, however, there have been some outstanding jobs done by the unions in some industries and in som e segm ents of industry. T he best jo b by (be unions has been done, as fa r as safely w as concerned, in those industries deplorable w ith safety records. T h is w as a cc o m p lish e d p rrircip ally Ikceaiise o f e ly w as fnrciiitK l in Ihc m ind o f th e worker, lie saw his fellow w orker injured and killed and as fa r as he was concerned protection of life and lim b look precedence over other demands. U N IO N S WROTE SAFETY CODES A num ber of unions have devoted a great deal of tim e and effort in form ulating and pro m o tin g safety codes to reduce fa* talitics and lost-lim e injuries. S afety codes are extrem ely im portant and w orthw hile, however, w ithout proper policing the ex* pedient em ployer and em plo3ce can enjoy a field day. E ach effort, put fo rth by the union, regardless o f s ite , is im portant in the o v e r all effect o f preventing injuries to the wageearner. Each International U nion has an obliga tion to m ake know n to its affiliated local union that th e union has an nhiigation to represent ils m em bership in Ihc field o f safety w henever it can effectively do so. T he In ternational U nion has a responsibility of e w o m ag in g local unions to affiliate w ith the N ational S afety Council to prom ote a u n ited fro n t fo r lal*>r in th e field o f safety , irre*|*ccttve o f In tern atio n al affiliation. Infernati'"**! Union* should encourage local uni n participate in plant, cont- 10 iniiuiiy and laic sponsored safely programs, b a c h In lc rn a lio n a l Uitioef srfWMald establish a depar lirirul headed hy a com petent director I a ss is t in p ro m o tin g s a f e ty w ith in its local tmtott*. Itiler n atio n al U n io n s with tra in in g d ep artm en t* o r ed u catio n al depart* incuts should add to th eir curriculum a course to p repare the plant union safely com m itteem an to do his job. USE PUBLICATION MEDIA Publications such as ncw sjiapcrs, journals, m agazines and bulletins can m ost effectively l*c u sed in p ro m o tin g s a f e ly in (tie mind o f the mcndkcrsliip. U sually these organs lind th eir w ay into th e hom e o f th e member, w h e re n o t o n ly he, b u t o th e rs can re a d them. T lic In tern atio n al U nions should enthuse their local unions w ith a desire to promote ad eq u ate in d u strial com |ensation law s so that the injured m em ber will receive ade quate care and com pensation. M any em ployers had liltle lim e fo r acci dent prevention as long as th e community and ch aritable org an izatio n s titok care of h is in ju r e d a n d m a im e d w o r k e r a n d the dependent* of his fatalities. W hen industrial m in im is a tio n la w s w e re c n a c lc d an d the em ployers had lo assum e a n additional cost burden, the em ployer usually becam e interrM cd in his accident frequency. It is true there have been and th ere are em ployers w h o h a v e lceii g e n u in e ly in te re s te d in the * safely an d th e w elfare o f th e ir employees. H ow ever, it is re g re tta b le th a t in th e past there have not been m ore, because there w o u ld Ik: fe w e r p eople w o r k in g a t a re duced incom e because o f an in ju ry and th ere w ould lie few er w id o w s w o rk in g to support their fam ilies because o f a fatality. EMPLOYERS* ATTITUDES CHANGED G enerally speaking the altitude o f em ployers regarding safety has been changed. T his change has rom c slow ly in som e in stances and rath er fast in others. Some e m p lo y e rs h av e th e a ttitu d e th a t s a f e ly is the problem of m anagem ent and the carry ing out of safely p ro g ram s is a sole func tion of m anagem ent. O th ers have taken a realistic approach and have felt that a program of accident prevention w ithin a p lan t m u st h a v e Ih c siip|w>rl o f b o th lnlnr and m anagem ent and have created joint labor and m anagem ent safety pro g r:r ) 0 0 0 3 3 2 .a\for -^ o friv giving lal*nr I b r u|*|Mrrlimif y I* a ss is t in j detrrm hting wlial an effective ' p ro g ran should contain. rul|> Som e o f Ihc lo p m an ag em en t | rn|dc in (lie ami Industry o f the W rd Coast have in recent y ears stated flint the most valuable asset th is in d u stry lias is th e people w h o w o rk in it. A n o th e r in d u s tria lis t stated (hat safety w as on th e sam e level o f i*e p ro d u c tio n . T h e yy-vJd i f t p t t 'j^u_i_i_j , (. h e ir m_u o_n_s _w__v^c sn:ii:e (I ;t Joint safety program a n d ' iriV&^gliuid of the past Ml years have reduced the fie* i|iu`in*y ligure for mitts in W'aslnntjio. Oregon and California, a total of 45 mills will) approximately 20.000 workers, from an average h 1945 o f 38.99 to 6.04 in 1956-^^ OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CONTROL THROUGH ENGINEERING by FLOYD A . VAN ATTA industrial hygienist, United Auto Workers, Detroit, Mich. The engineering pari o f the occupational health p ro g ram is concerned w ith the co n trol o f those aspects o f Ihc w ork en v iro n ment w in c h m a y h a v e a n a d v e rs e e lle e l up** the h ealth o f th e w o rk ers in th e are a. T h e must obvious conditions a re th o se concerned with th e tem p eratu re, h u m id ity , lig h tin g an d ventilation of the place o f w ork. One lends to think of these item s as co n cerned w ith com fort rather than w ith health hut it sh o u ld be <|tute o b v io u s th a t if th e tem perature is excessively hig h , o r e x ce s sively lo w it can l*c ra p id ly f a ta l and th is is in d u b ita b ly an effe c t o n h e a lth , a lth o u g h not a ch ro n ic one. Som ew here betw een the norm al room teni|>era(iire am i h u m id ity a t which we are com fortable a n d efficient} a n d th e te m p e ra ture a n d h u m id ity a t w in ch we die lather abruptly, th e re is a lim itin g v a lu e a t which men can w ork, probably not in c o m fo rt but without perm anent harm . It is p a rt o f the business o f the industrial hygienist to d e te r mine th is point a n d (u a rra n g e th e w o rk in g condition* so that the lim it is not exceeded. Sometimes the control o f heal and h u midity problem s is th ro u g h v entilation and it is n iw a )s th e first idea, w h en a m a n is w orking on a hot jo b to tu rn a fan o n him. It alw ays helps som e hut on m ost hot jo b s it is o n ly a p a rt, a n d o f te n only a sm all part, o f th e to ta l c o n tro l w h ic h is ceded T o c o n tro l p ro p e rly th e m a n 's th e rm a l e n v iro n m en t it is n e ce ssa ry to ro n s id e i and o fte n tu co n tro l troth the hum id ity and the ,cn i|M 'ralu re if llnr a ir w hich s u rro u n d s hut .imI tin* sotiierH id ra d ia tio n w h o b a rc '.vitbiu sight o f bis w ork in g position. INDUSTRIAL POISONINGS T h e m ajo r interest o f the industrial hygiynist in M utilation entues In th e control idj in dustrial |*oisnmngs. T h e re a rc a few c^scs in w hich industrial diseases arc con tra c te d as the resu lt o f sw allow ing nine m aterial n r as the result o f contact oh som e m aterials w ith the intact skin. Hut they m ost cominonfy arise fro m the inhala tion o f dusts, vapors, m ists, gases o r some ofllicr fo rm of m aterial in the air. T he rc ism i fo r th is is clear a fte r a m om ent's llgm ghf. fSuch m aterials as the phenolic compound* (carlx d ic acid, crcsols, resorcinol* and sn fo rth ) and the arom atic amine* (anilinr, hftnulm c* and so o n ) arc easily and rapidlv allsorltcd th rough the skin Imt the iinilamagcd skfoi is d e sig n e d to p ro te c t th e body fro m a fa c k an d is a ro m p lclr h a rrie r against the v;kl m ajority of m aterials. |*.ccansr p eople d o not m a k e it a c u sto m to .it th e things, w h ich th e y h a n d le in m d m lrv . in d u s tria l d isea ses c au se d by in g e stio n a* also uncom m on. They can ami do cm. people 1 cal oi c asim iallv w ith th e ir hands oiilam innlcd w ith toxic m aterials and cat IS m u ch a s is ic tp iirr produce industrial 11 ) Stihoutti Siifcty ( ra%c I recall o n e p la n t w h e re Itic cm* \cr* I : h e n t-tre a tin g Icparlioctil hal " v c r c l th a t th e y co u ld h av e n icely 'ted cim lw ichc* by floating (hem o n a re ( steel on th e lead pot. T h is is o n e ilie l*eticr m ethods (or developing chronic i*l |M>tsoninfi by in g estio n o f fend Since this to rt o f thing is rath er unusual, r m ajor problem * in the engineering con* 1 ( o ccu p atio n al disease h av e to *lo w ith eventing various kinds of dusts, vapors, e*. o r m ists fro m g e ttin g in to th e a ir in place w here m en can breath them . T h ere r a variety of m ethods available. SUBSTITUTE MATERIALS It is som etim es possible to substitute a < to x ic m a te ria l fo r th e o n e w h ich is ring used and avoid the problem . A rath er -mmon exam ple would he the substitution I a w ater em ulsion paint fo r a laci|iirr >ile u p w ith solvents. T h is so lv es th e rohlnn o f control of solvent vapors w ith fu r th e r e ffo rt. It doe* not n e c e ssa rily 'Ive th e w h o le co n tro l p ro b le m sin ce th e 'ilt'u fu l tuny a lso lie toxic. O ccasio n ally , it may he |ossiblc to av o id lie h a ia n f by p u ttin g it s n m ew b e rc w h e re eople do not g o in th e n o rm a l c o u rse o f *nk. It sliouhl not le o v e rlo o k e d th a t isoM ed o p e ra tio n s alm o st a lw av s r n iu i ic < lerv n io ti anil main! m ancc nod the |icoplc who do this work must he protected. An isolated operation w hich is a serious source of air contam ination is very apt to becom e a neighborhood nuisance. A m ore g e n erally applicable dcvlyC JS the tiuIoM ire o f th e process. T ills " lV Innst readily seen in the chem ical industry w here m any processes a rc carried out in a com pletely closed system from the raw m aterial tanks at one cud of the packaged product at the other. W h en thoroughly carried out, enclosure o f th e process im qticstionably pro vides the m ost com plete and most fool-proof protection for the w orkm en. T h e type nf control w hich is m ost com m on is rem oval o f the contam inant, either from the general atm osphere by ventilation o r at the source by local exhaust ventilation o r hv .o th er m eans, such as wcl operation, w hich w ill p re v e n t co n tam in atio n fro m lieing dispersed into the atm osphere. T h e indu strial hygienist will generally consider protective equipm ent to be pretty fa r dow n the line as a prim ary m ethod for ronl rolling a hazard. Il is useful as a prim ary m eans w hen the hazard is o f short d u r a tio n *or o c r u r s in fre q u e n tly . T h e m ain use o f personal protective equipm ent is as a socom l lin e n f d e fe n se a l t e r th e h a z a rd is p retty well eo n irnllcd hy engineering means. T h e m ain problem , in a great m any in stances is to recognize the exact n ature and extent n f the hazard. W hen this has been dime, the ap p ro p riate m eans of control are a p t to lie f a ir l y o b v io u s. 'I h e fa c t th a t the particular condition has never been con trolled hy a p articu lar procedure which looks correct is not an adequate reason for deciding th at it never can l c .A SAFETY--A MORAL RESPONSIBILITY by DR. CAM ERON P. HALL executive director, National Council of the Church of Chrijt in the U. 5. A., New york city t.ilce litc hit coin in >onr |mrkel. vdr\ !i.,s two sides 0?>c side tleals with who we do when xalcty fails; the other It on'Mis what we 1 to pinote safely. ifally. He are 1 hr.1 In-nrath the pm* pam and method. licncalh the device and irdiii*|ite to t* 'oral basis for why we hmtld do even - than we arc in ptish- I 9 ing o u r safety record higher and higher. At this safeguard-end of the safety problem re lig io n t;\ a p lat e ;s signtfii ;m{ ,;u a t the hre:iLlMVM--#d. A c o m e tn fr s a f e ly m e a s u re s is fe d hy a lively s e n sitiv ity I the w elfaic of the individual that is at the heart tf th e re lig io u s life f th is n a tio n . Jtnln ism :md C h rislia n ily arc to gether in affirm ing ) oouaiKi /.lijl- Soft-tv this living truth: llic U of wm 1*craitsc he is of worlli to ( mmI. What J as a people do to express in practical irn Hie worlli and dignity of llr individual is 7 moral rc<|KMt<il*lify ii|Min carl* of ns as :m individual nod toi*cllicr in groups. Yon are mlimalcly involved in all ilir problems and inlrresl* of organized l;dmr. Safely is one of these, bm 1 is not isolated from your oilier issues which are also moral issues. So Ircforc I plunge into the moral responsibility, f want to stress that safety is part and parcel of other lalror programs which are also shot through with moral responsibility. l:or instance, safeguards against unem ployment are an accepted moral res|mnMbility. We have the Pull Employment Act of 1946, which makes the avoidance of un employment a public (olicy. That a man not lose an opportunity to work is a moral issue; that industry. Ial*r and lhc public join in polling a !h>or Ircncalb the chance lo lie employed is a moral responsibility. When technological advances, such as auto mation. arc introduced which threaten the availability of jobs, counter measures ate promoted hv labor, and receive a good hear ing among tts. Why? Hrraiisc dealing with threats to inrcmplnx merit is accepted as a moral rcs|Hmsihility in onr American wax of life. UNEMPLOyMENT-- A MORAL ISSUE Hut whence conic major threats to a man willing to work being unable lo work? Cyclical, technological, and other causes, to l>c sure, stand out. Hut men are often--all loo often--out of a job Idealise they have Keen hurt or maimed or disabled as well as bred because of some overall economic or technical squeeze. Loss of job amt income is due in large part to failure in safeguards against accidents. Safely is a moral respon sibility Iterance assuring the opportunity for employment is a moral responsibility. Again, ethical practices by both labor and management are recognized as a moral re sponsibility of Inilli. This phrase--"ethical practices"--has taken mi specific reference to the rigid of the individual union uieuihrr to protection against (tie iniv^xr f iminu and welfare funds. Ihif ccilainlv he is equally entitled to protection from unnec essary accidents--through cilucalion and r.*uning, on the one hand, and through ijifval .safeguards oft the o|Ui4 hand luess by a union Inwatd, *J*-ffM|raurc lo ipkitef of, any carchssttiMftwi safetv measures is an mrlhical praetor toward uuioit mcmlrers and other worker*--*! is a failure in moral responsibility. SAFETY PROMOTES FREEDOM Ami thirdly, American lalmr is out in front in helping bring the strength of the United States into the free world. A com* of mural responsibility for safely is at the heart of what the free world stands for-- the worth amt dignity of the individual Many tests that we Americans have lo meet Indore world opinion have to do with safet) --tests that we arc far from passing with (he grade that we can always Ire proud of. Last fall, we had to cx|msc to the world the hazard lo llicir safely of nine Negro children in going lo an Arkansas sclnml. Thai kind of hazard lo safely is a faihiic in uitr moral res|Mnsihilily towaid the woilh of a child. Hut tu rn lo an o th er aspect o f m ir national life, (to r m arch to ever g ie a ler abundaoee. ever greater productivity, ever g reater lech logical p ro w e ss is im p re s siv e , ev en b re a th taking Hut we should be equally concerned with the pace we a te setting in oo-thr-job. oicupafinual safely. A nd beyond lids we now sla rd mt the thic'diold o f the nuclear energy ipdttslry, w ith its reactors am i iso topes, it.* fissio n ab le fu e ls am t th e ir ra d io active ufrstcs. l hc hazards o f rn d ia lin n in th is new''in d u s try g iv e to m o ra l re sp o n sib ility for safety a new dim ension and urgency. Let m3 just mention three characteristics of the Kurultai harm there is itt radiation: I. whet* you are hurt by over-exposure, you do na know il at the time and so start raring f^r it; you .learn of il--later; Z. the harmful effects arc not traustUuy; instead, they add up--accumulative!) ; .!. radiation ran rcnc/r into the human reproductive sys tem amPicitcc blight later generation;. While these daggers arc near the surface in the use id radio-active materials, they can he kepi under control h\ vigifettre. Certainly safeguards against these risks should have top priority in a safe! program. W in it a .ta o g i-t, v;iv fr o m tin* relative! n u d rf d< fn prd o im ti ics iu A sia am i A fric a , o r from behind the Iron C urtain, should ask of ns, "In your im pressive rush tow ard m o u n tin g eco n o m ic p r o s p e rity *! now in to I t ) /tM7 National S tiffly Congress tunplc, lltal (tic ohjedive of industrial safely Tin. i< sheer gain. Inrt these laws still (,,e,,< .... .bung something (or the man who ...el with an acci.lent, rather than on .I..V...K loll steam ini elimmalmK eal.ses |,,, W l.ni shi|. is sinhn.M. the il.e h hole weight o( responsibility rests .... ...anning the lile boats and Rsttmg lhe pas- mngers and crew off Hie vessel. Whr, an has gone l.urtling off a ll.rnway then the weight ot moral rcsponsdi.lity is to rnsl. medical care. Hut neither lile boats nor ambulances are the lull measure o( moral resp o n sib ly th a t , r<,, upon us today when slops still sad the high seas and ta r. ride the h.gl.wavs One ...oral sense has grown up l.eyon.1 that level ..( moral satisfaction In Us modern con- eept moral responsibility stresses preven.ing hr worst Iron, happening on the oceans and .nr roads rather than being WMiP ' I pirhing up the pieces after the wor | happened. Total security is a goal that is beyond but Ml.at progress ran ! made wl tue ni competente and good will a,,d d" i lion join together to help each otTM V J every way |mssil.le to promote n l d / H j l mires against accident li:t/.:trds. ,l,e * ,,( this step is. I suppose, the W Sa let y Congress itself, ft stands Cor rcsimitsibilily toward tlicsc haiards a I,est for our deepest responsibility tow. the victim of accidents is to *' * '* all is done to keep Inin from victim. And tl.at is a worthy u s ci us, wherever we are--m labot management, in education and m gov inciti.^- should be Ilie preservation of human life and (he protection of human health. Wc would further agree that an employer has a moral responsibility to protect hi* w n ik c ts ftKniiHt disease, accident*, iiicnlitl sit ess and infectious from the conditions of employ* tnenL .'We hII profess to agree lltal hitman life Mot cheap; that matt is not something to n sacrificed to a machine. And yet, these [ethical principles are not always applied in * ' to day life nor arc they sclf-enforcmg. practical application they come into con* with individual economic interests, and must he enforced either through group tion, or by society as a whole through litical action. a rule, society docs not move as fast M the need would indicate. We all know, (or example, that the first industrial revolu tion had run its course for more than 100 years before society got around to adopting and enforcing rules and regulations of in* LABO R'S STAKE IN SAFETY pdustrial safety. For more than 100 years industrial workers were given no legal pmlection against the risks and hazards of in dustrial employment. by A. J . HAYES Here and there, a lone individual employer might attempt to provide decent and health* - 1" p " `" ful working conditions for his workers. Hut on the whole, the story of fattoipr employ- I dnn t intend to stay within the h.n.ls of II,at is why I say thal l a l ^ stakrjl menl in the I9lh century--amj through the silcly is pretty obvious. Therefore I .early 20th century--was a pretty ghastly this title because I am cer.am ..,,nation enufd he sa.d alK.nl _Labors SI,.ir in Safety. It is obv.m .s.t.l...a.t....t.i.n. one ...nUI have a g .' Uer stale ... industrial m ins Ilian the men and > ul.n ate the direct victims of industrial a.odcnts T.i an employ - imt* -i o i r t v . o c c u p a tio n a l Kscrtcc. I*" - i rn iii. am i w o rk m en s c.m.|K n c l m n - tre , , CJ n p with econom ic IT.ry a re im p o rtan t n .w .lar as they a .....I c m hr m a a r to . c l n c c - m c n r a n ,c ^ l.a in in g c o sts, m ul m a te ria l co sts. ... .1 arc all m oney c o s ts --c ash c s t s - costs that are m e a su re d in d o lla rs and cents m m- To w orker, no the other hand iinrthiug ilitsin.d acrid nl ^ ,,,, i, lin t is even m ore tangible Ilian innucj. j , " , m a tte r o f a m an's blood, liones am sinew--ot * tragedy, suffering m t ^ And sor m fact. ...ore " 'a" 50 , " C ,, cry w orking d ay --tl is '" m touch upon aspects of the nut often discussed aspects Ural are * * l hai Clilinvcrsial. I'crbaps tltc> I .lisctisscd hccti.i'f they arc cmlmvcrst.l I don't need In go into the details lltal are iadiraiive of flic cold indifference will, which human life was held in American mines ami factories. Suffice to say. il siisi not seem lo ETHICS IN SAFETY alter how many men. women and children Since m v views and p.ddic stale..,. Il.e corruption in un.ons issue have ,, (r a n k an d I..... .. a s I c a n m ak e .1 'I sec no r..e..a..s.o..n.....t.o....h..e.....a.n..y.....l.e..s.s anilif ' alK.ut matters of trial"saf'clr' 1 asM1,c yo" ' l,'>wevcr. tha^tI am not injecting controversy or ^ ere killed or crippled in the course of a dy. There were always more wailing at gates the next morning--driven hy raw poverty to plead for a chance to jeopardize .their lives and limits. SOCIETy BROUGHT CHANGES The point I am getting at, of course, is Sake. hot rim ,heW P*a. change when it came--was not flu* ceto the < ju re d , d isea sed or kill result of any regeneration of moral and rik of being ' ethical conviction tin the pat I of (Tii|>ln\n s. their jobs. . . Salcty--and accident p revention-'' ethical a5s we..l.l...a..s...a..n....e.conomic Sside. I none of us-w hel.h...e..r...w...e. rep. retsseenntt 1I . management ---wwoou.mld. disagree wi,th fen,,j/ basic ethical pr.nc.plcs m l c held came rather ifcciinsc society as a whole thoroughly revolted. It came because American people were finally shocked [tough to correct a condition that had pre'Siled--and grown worse--for 100 years. te r o l I. e lf 1 som eone, som ew here, m rial safety. We would all agree. I tin, ronntr' nU U iM 6 i \ j far- L . l.tfHni '\nfrlv >nM# finally got ladoiy laws atiJtyMu! njruiiii|iCHKili(Mi-':tiid an orgaiti>aafJVlliti to nuke mines, factories ami nulls sifo places to work. Mitl of ati the legislation aimed :tl thiv tlic Itv*-. ivoitiinni'i impt-n saiitHi was tin* key. For until employe were made directly and financially rcsixm siblc for the results of workers* aeeilenl<. they had tm rrotioiiiic reason to pirvettl accidnits. The whole pattern and fabric of our industrial safety program throughout the nation rests entirely on how good and how effective our workmen** compensation and our occupational disease laws are. ECONOMIC REASONS Oh, of course, you can |viiut to many other good economic rationalizations for in dustrial safety. You can say industrial ac cidents add all kinds of direct and indirect costs to production. You *can itoinl to tie* cost of hiring and training a new employer, of c<|iiipmcnt damaged in a wntk at i-bnt. of the time lost by oilier crnplmrc* an accident -curs. Itilt I Will llttHM it............ ' ym .iihI tli O ll ' ' present lung I b>(* ' ' * dcnl programs--and th.it 1* . ; ciilcut prevention was rctnfurccd uiib u*ikincn's com|>cnsalion and occupational disease legislation that employers really became safety cotiatcious. So it sejems that the thing that counts here is hov; good our workmen's compensa tion and ^occupational disease legislation really, arc. j Ami thalfs a good ipiesiitHi! l*vc s|nid my whole fdult life in the bdor movcimtd. As a matter of facl. I was projected into it by the v^ry thing wc arc talking alnml here today*?--an imhislrial acciilctil. I went to work at 17 years of age hcrausc my father was. totally disabled by a work in jury--an irjurv that eventually killcil him I11 the course id many years of studying and dcnlingtwilh the problems of my union --which arc, of course, the problems of the members of- my imintt. I realized that our present system of wihI.iihu's i.mpncRjlion and occupational disease legislation s complclcly and wlHilly inade|uatc to meet Ibc needs of onr complex industrial society. I am not alone in that conclusion. There arc. in fact, many men in the lalwr move ment today who feel even m''*''* strongly ) 1957 A ohptw t S o ftly Congress mmmch iwof* 4m* fcwd to show a..co*- ryUf>w between employment UiscAss, die au ih af fcd *t it iiopottiUctio Ret ll n if w # e h p Mihd or- d U lrd m tc d . Tlc remit is a deplorable lark of iiionnntioti altout occupational disease. Wc arc >eais behind oilier countries in this respect. One expert in this held said that research in pneumoconiosis in this country is 25 years Iteliind that of Great Britain. SECRETS RREVAIl IN INDUSTRY * Imkutry ic t m ly oppoMi objedivt ro* iMrch and ir t ioUiduiMt ol information <m* n n im itwi l din i m Ixcaiiw it u mote afraid of the possibility of paying compoifcalioa benefits than it ii Uul workers will die .row lack d proper information and ade quate fCWBobon. Here are specific examples that will iltusstrate this point. There is some medical evidence that the chemicals used in the dye industry avid in the manufacture of synthetic rubber cause or contribute to cancer of the bladder. In fact, one of these--amine--is o dangerous tlmt it has been outlawed for all industrial uses :n Unlain since 1951. Out efforts to prove,,publicize and restrict the dangers of this deadly acid have hit stubborn resistance in this country. The large chemical companies have refused to find out if amine does contribute to cancer of the bladder and have strongly resisted in. dependent research into this problem. Muck (lip te r n situation liofds true in the akbestot fodewtry. There appears to be dc> ciikd aftU 'tilscts ou workers who prpduce arbsstof m that there is a marked correla tion taw sih u to i employment and lunu - cancer. H ere Eg?", the industry has been traditionally n lu d is t to cooperate iu a full scale scientific study of this curious correla tion This rcfactowc* .to do research in health haaarda recur* in imUislry after indoeiry. DOCTORS OFTEN BIASED Rut even worse when workers do succumb lo raw er of the Maddrr or !Jir lung, or to tome other equally horrible diseases, wc arc treated to (lie spectacle of company doctors who testify that (lie disease couldn't possibly have been caused by tbeir employment. Doc tors are supj ' to tie above reproach in our society. <$ a tabor official I have known ol too / cases in which company doctors have testified agamtPHftMWIH' and for management in occupational disease cases even though they knew their testimony was biased. It should not surprise ns that doctors can he unobjective in these cases where their testimony is bought and paid for. We have only to look at the wide-spread difference of opinion among doctors as to the effect of cigarette smoking to see that their testimony can sometimes he something less than truth ful. Most doctors who arc not in the pay of cigarette companies are convinced by all the scientific evidence on record that cigar ettes undoubtedly contribute to lung cancer. Uul the doctors on the payrolls of the to bacco companies either deny that cigarettes contribute to lung cancer, or at best main tain that there is not yet enough proof. As wc contemplate these conflicting views among professional men--and as we thought fully study the reluctance of industry to be honest about this matter of occupational disease--we cannot help but wonder whether the lust (or profits lias made many nieu for get the real purpose of life. What is the real purpose of life? Is it production and profit--or the well-being of the individual? If there is conflict between the two. do wc sacrifice production and profit or the wellluring of the individual? The ethical answer is obvious.. But the practical methods of reaching the logical ethical conclusion arc more difficult. FEOERAL ACTS NEEDED Wc could make a start by enacting com prehensive federal workmen's compensation amt occupational disease legislation to take the place of the chaos that results from having 48 different slate systems. But ! have no ho|>cs for such a constructive ap proach in the foreseeable future. 1 am afraid (he insurance lobby, and the employer groups that profit from wrak administration are too strong for us at this time. So we'll just have to make that one of our tong range objectives. But there arc some things we can do right now. Wc can try lo have programs set up in the National Institute of Health and in the Public Health Service which would recognize the importance of occupa tional disease--and which would put the re search effort in this nation on a par with that of other civilized industrial nations. ) :# Tl Labor in /(> If we rannol get decent factory ins) ] ptOpUi! ouilcjvrs pretty onpopular hccatNe wt tion from the state goverment, then we ncjking for the things that y e wrong the labor movement must resort to self-h 4 rfilfi American iwltislry aiuL^JVmcrican Many unions arc thinking itt terms of col "ocicly. iutu' lective bargaining datives which would re quire the employer to adopt the safely standards set by the American Standards Association as the uiimimiut acceptable in the shop. I may have offended industry men with this indictment of the ethics and morals <! our business community. But I would he derelict tit my duty and false to my trust ns ;ui elected officer of one of Americas LABOR FIGHTS FOR SELF We are also prepared to bargain for more supplemental injury benefits when the coin. pensation provided by state laws is not ade quate to sustain a worker and his family. Although our efforts will directly benefit only the 17 million organised workers, perf haps they will release new pressures that will eventually result in improved legisla tion licticfitmg all workers. greatest onions if I did not say frankly and candidly that we in the labor movement are nut siiltsftcd with present legislation relating tu industrial health and safety, workmen's compensation and occupational diseases. In a sense this is a great challenge to the National Safety Council--a challenge dial can he met only if all facts arc sijiwrcly laced. If we in the labor movement could count on your assistance in the fight for better legislation and mure research on both The American labor. movement has hut the stale and federal levels we might, to one pur|>ose--one reason for existence in American life--to serve and protect Ameri can workers. There are times when we gether, make this a far happier, healthier ami safer nation in which to live ami work. A GOOD COMMUNICATIONS HELP SAFETY j by GEORGE SCRIVEN public relations director, United Rubber, Code, Linoleum & Plastic Workers of America, AFL-CIO, Akron, Ohio Our organization has been safety minded (or many years. The record on that score speaks for itself in a loud and clear manner. The results of our efforts, in cooperation w*th cnligiitcncd managements, tell the story ot how we have seen the number of acci dents reduced iu the plants in which our members work. 1 shall not go into specific figures on frequency rates and such. I don't sup|K>sc any of you would dispute die flat statement dial good communications help safety. But I'd like to try and give you some of the techniques, the how and the why of that statement. First, let's do a little word analyzing, t certainly don't want to sound like the pon tifical professor lecturing his class on nemat ics. Hut when we say good in our topic, "Good Communications Help Safely," we immediately infer that there is another kind . I besides good. And there certainly i... I think there is a lot of had amt fuzzy <**nmui^cntions going on in all fields. Within the subject mailer at hand. I would say the word good means that type which gets some concrete reaction and re sult.>. In the United Rubber Workers, we think our omimuuieations have 1ccn pood because we have the results to slum* for it t MUST HAVE .RECEIVER I^ow for the word c r t t t w n n u o h i m s in the plirisc. You can't hav communications-- tlit*^ .food type that is--unless someone c sending the message and someone is re ceiving it. I was iu the Air Force in- World War II. anti I served as a radio operator in the Pacific aboard a 11-29 Super fort res*. When I scut a message and no one received it. 1 didn't have co* cations. I ) t 'Mf' ) OFFICERS OF THE ' MARINE SECTION NATIO N AL SAFETY COUNCIL 19 5 7 -5 8 ral Chairman--L. H. QUACKENBUSH, vice president, Staici Marine Corp., blew York, N. Y. -eenlive General Chairman--CARL F. VANDER CLUTE, Renerai nianaRer, Marine dept.. Gulf Oil Corp., New York, N. Y. ice General Chairmen ( Atlantic Area)--JO SEPH S. BLACKETT, R enerai operation manager Grace Line. New York, N. Y. ; W. N. DAMONTE, vice president ft manager. Marine dept., Sinclair Refining Co., New York, N. Y. ; R. K. KELLY, manager. Transportation dept.. Eastern division, Tidewater Oil Co.. New York. N. Y. ; /. V. C. MALCOLMSON, general manager. Marine dept.. The Texas co. New York, N. Y.: HAROLD W. NORTHCUTT, manager. Staten Island Yard. Uelhlelie.ii Steel C o, Staten Island, N. Y.; ROBERT K. OTIRIKN, vice president. Operations, MoorcMcCormack Lines, Inc, New York, N. Y.; ROBERT J. TARR, operating manager. Luckenbach S. S. Co, Brooklyn, N. Y. ; PARKER W ISF, general manager. Marine Transportation dept, Socony Mobil Oil Co, New York, N. Y. trr General Chairman (G ulf A rea)--GEORGE GRISWOLD, vice presi.lent. Gulf ft Sa Anier. S. S. co. New Orleans. La. General Chairmen (Pacific Area)--CAPT. T. C. CONWELL, vice president. Ship Operations, American President Lines, San Francisco. Calif.; A. E. KIHN. president, California Shipping co, San Francisco. Calif.; RANDOLPH SF.VIF.R, president, Matson Navigation co, San Francisco, Calif. ` e General Chairmen (Great Lakes Area)--DAVID L. BUCHANAN, Director, Claims division, Pittsburgh S.S. division, U. S. Steel corp, Cleveland, Ohio. ; JO HN I , HORTON, assistant manager. Marine dept, Cleveland CliiTs Iron co, Cleveland, Ohio. ; REAR ADMIRAL CHARLES R. KHOURY, USNR. president, Pittsburgh S.S. ; division. U. S. Steel corp, Cleveland, Ohio. re General Chairmen (Inland IPatrnoays)--Operation!--F A. MECU LING, vice presi dent, A. L. Mechling Barge Linea, Joliet, III.Membership--WILLIAM C. McNEAL, vice president. Oil Transport CO, New Orlesuts, La. General Chairmen (Passenger and Carpa Sertk.es)--L. S. ANDREWS, vice presi dent, American Export Lines, New York N. YxCAPT. I , A. KF.NKIIAN, tnariue superintendent, Farrell Lines, New Yerk, N, Y. re General Chairmen (Tankers)--CHARLES t | HOYLE, manager. Marine Dept, Sw. Oil co, Marcus Hook, Pa.; ADOLPII It. KUHZ, vice president. Keystone Slnp- ling co, Philadelphia, Pa. : ' Genreol Chairman (Stevedoring)--G. H. E. BUXTON, director. Safety Bureau, -New York Shipping Assn.] New York, N. Y. 1 t General Chairman (Coastal Regions and International Safety Conventions)--VICI'. ADM. ALFRED C. RICHMOND, Comdt, U. |S. Coast Guard. Washington. D. C. an, Nominating Committee--W ILLARD F. JO NES, New York, N. Y. etery (Admiralty and Maritime Counselor)--HENRY C. EIDF.NBACH, Hagen ft 'JSdenbach, New York. N. Y. M ) I f e J f e p ,t ,enUon and .VtfOrdrfnp J<tSEI,l D m a u , Pacific Maritime Assn, Su, AVERY, salety engineer. Matron N*!'*"U? \ C" ,G1 UcGURN. marine inspection officer, IZlh Lunsi r UU *' . i aV KRS. rnunuKcr. Accidrtil pudico, fllt.; HARRY E. A Suhcfit&: Calli: ; CART. F. A. District. San Francisco. Calif. c* York. N. Y. ; - k k U .Y , l-rcsidc,,.. ^ T c m S a N D H . C E. U k In C. i T ; t CFarrU L ^ s . * * Guard District, Cleveland. Ohio. Nr V ^v N F O R D . ..rcii.lci.t. ^ i ; ' ^ ^ o MIKAl J C Vov^ H N Y ,. RATH. ^ S r C n ^ U - N c w ^ '^ in c T ^ ^ ^ iHonOUE^R^T LC ELEEK.. Uf S^NRNl ^<! >CA^ Rj TTERi S W u - . H W V^ I t . Y - D ir . M a n i W alerw oyt, N Y :WIIXAR ' iim t art Tankers c , ' > * * * ''If^ p e r in te n d e n t. River Transportation D^ : " . l-.P -'k * c" " D` C . VY R e fin e on. Texas.: DAVID M. .v:::r.. n,t,M.-s<>N. ^ -- --| siluri.ani. CCeennttrraaI' <*>" f " r N."ew" Yv ol rkk. Nrs. Y' . ................. X1 w tl'K . assi.st.* * 1MSariSnef DSepZt.. < w" 1 _ e l m .-.....*)--IIAKCHJ* M. NVU K. vC- H. ^STOBER. marine inspection officer. Zr.d Coast o n %. e ? a * An e r k ^ W"r^ ^ * '* Crnrru/ ^JONES K - V -J. - V 3 | ,, to ra c i -- 4 OAL SERVICE COMMITTEES . . loirouin, Shift Otm.cr, Assooal.ani ir a | I'M I ' t'A S I tY . iirrsid cn l. Aiihmi- A . : tan Merd.ant Marine Institute. New York. N. Y. r- r |H - ( M l.viuli, niauaccr. afrlv and airm an, S ia li,lit* and Contesi, Comm, f r r - C A l I L . . . training. Sinclair Refining co., Marcus Hook. 1 a ,, . i. I. rilA l'P I- 'l I IK . in-l'i.'iiit tfl"i.sis Wfbuilding and Ship Repair Ct,.,..-..llrr--K II^ Clic ........ ,, ,, i . MM I - i ? f 1H manager. 1'lcclric Boat div., ,cncr-^ .j ^ | , () ,,, ll .lmo rr. M l '* * ! ' RICH, safety engineer. Marylawl S. I . N,, v \,,, v . N Y . I'1' * * BEATF.R, chief safety engm eer. ImM Sint >; r 1, lt.(lllrlir,tl. IV : 11IB M A I J G. LEW IS, sa fety engineer. 'c,l' ' c ' n ' ' ; 1N slli|,,mi|di,,g and Dry Umk SO.... -- NORDSTROM, safety . ^ . " c ' q . ^ q NTJf' i L director of Safely. Avon,hie Marine 1 Newport News. V a.; J AM^ S . c T A p n 0 U D safely engineer. Ingalls Shiptmlrliiig * 1 Ways. New 0 r .,e3" ''. ^ :G{'LUERT W 1DDOW SON. salely engineer, Sun S. n c r J t ; u ' ,,N : : S " ' v : w ' " u ' building co.. M obile, A la. ^ SM YTH . mai aha - ' - ^ iS T S St ljilayette S . ^ ,, ^ L w . c Council. U. * 1 * E s . Sec).. ,,.) 7 ,,titer O ^ rn tf " ' ' wM ,, A N Iffig g ndtadclplih. C.AfK u s - c - w - s t - f ^ i ^ - t e r i f t . r - r " ""; H SMITH, manager saicty department, U j :. . - - -......... - . ! York. N. Y. . i . , . r ' . r CHARGES A CULVER, safety engineer, . mnl Clmirntcn fell hvrlir Atlantic K*(mme I " ^.'ladclpl.ia. ''* A'| Wl.wo,,i 7,inter Safely Disegno Croup C H A R lil .S . ' " 'r 'i V c V r a t i o n s . M . . ^ " vMo,,c Slnfl'* /''; " - M o t . i l CM C K A,t|la,,nttic RKeefnining co.., Fi l..i..l.a.d..e..l.p..l.n..a.., Pa. )i .... J tI.e-ISlCMIIER. U. '-.' V:m 1 p S';O.. Nm. ^as s icst aTnnt RxC.crr York. N. Y : I ^ C ^ I ' f,,. New or . ' i; i .on) Cargo ' - ^ V:' ri,,c .,. | v , i. / j .lAM KS T - CH N. Y. i . . . . rA I'T U O IIIR 'I' CORNWELL, safety director. 'CUnman. Cargo Ship D u r . * O ro u ^-C M I . HOIR...J.C...>....^........... ' ,v ^ Isthmian Line, New York. N. Y. X _ . / ' otti* RT I* KRAI /.IvRT, Vessel - . c d ,. o,,, l,,i,l..nl Ch.. m , .,c-McC...."..i - Arcideut PrevoH LEY. director of s a f e t . . s. . m iti CGulft Re9 >an~SIr. Wl.itney Lake-storB. ro"s;,, , 1 tv m anager. 'I *"" : : cXmr. )' a so c RRY ANT. ^ " ' Z M .V . S M I T 'M w * c-- -CAPT. HouiatT a n M X & ^ S 'f S h 'T V . K cw '.'j j . \ |{ K U n i A . clain* < ,Ma.; O. I' \ 1*' n SE AM LN. S B S v r i . s- -- i (>c N ew O c k a n s New York. N. Y. s , lor, j MisissiWn S,,,' ,' , . . t- *i|VrT. ^o HUi . ' a ,t " * ( .uard District. N f" ' r Y' 1 i . --IA L GOVERNMENT COMMITTEES FOR SAFETy IN NATIONAL DEFENSE ( Chairmon, S o ftly Policies fo r Regulations, Ship Inspections--R. ADM. H.`T U. S. Coast Guard Headquarters, Washington, D. C .; R. ADM. HEARD, USCG (R et.), Washington. D. C. " Chairman, Committee fo r S afety in Notional Defense Transportation--VI JOHN M. W ILL, USN, Commander, Military Sea Transportation f ton. D. C. Atlantic A rta--R. ADM. DONALD T. ELLER, Commander, M.S.T.S., B Pacific A r e a - R. ADM. H . S. PERSONS. Commander M.S.T.S, Fort ! cisco, Calif. Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Area--R. ADM. FRANK L. JOHSON, London, England, c/o Navy 100, Fleet P.D., New York, N. Y. Western Pacific A r e a - R. ADM. G. C. W RIGHT, Commander M.S.T.S., Y North Pacific Subarea--CAPT. N. A. LID STO NE, Commander, M.&. Scalllc, Washington. E Gulf Sufcarro--CAPT. J. II. BROWN, USN, Commander M.S.T.S, Gull ' Orleans, La. Chairnum, S o ftly Committee for U. S . Coast Guard--Safety Within the S' LAWRENCE M. HARDING, safely director and assistant engineer-; Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. Chairman, National Defense Transportation--Rtadiness--CAPT. M. I. GOOD lime Administration, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Safety Committee for Longshoremen, Harbor Workers--RALPH W. STROM. Marine Safety Advisor, Bureau of Labor Standards, U. S. Labor, Washington, D. C. Chairman, U. S. Naval Shipyards Safety Committee--CAPT. H. L. MATE USN. director of safely. Office of Industrial Relations, Navy dept, W" Staff Representative--L. W. D UTTON , National Safety Council, Chicago f $ J J * At" 'j > V* M 0 G 0 3 no ) ) M T National S o ftly C ongrui OFFICERS O F THE live, operating (rom the pre shaft, i used to interlock this circuit. _ There are many different way to air valve a press clutch or brake. Depending on the specific application, certain ways may be less liatardous than others. For t h e ^ ^ ( in safety, other items, tUdi^W 'gdeqas ^ guarding and interlocking, are tr*ry porlant and must also be given cardi consideration.^^. AUTOMOTIVE ANI MACHINE SHOP SECTl >N N A TIO N A L SA FETY CO U N CIL 1957-58 (moral Chairman--W. C. BARBER, senior safety engineer. Standard Accident Insurance Co., Detroit, Mich. 7* Chairman--EDW ARD D. RAH DE, supervisor--Employee Benefits and Safety, Westtv inghouse Air Brake Co., Witmerding, Pa. OFF-THE-JOB i Statistics are such boresome things And figures rather dull. It's hundreds, millions, billions, trillions. Over which we mull. But (acts are lad s where ere we go Regardless o( amounts. So here's some lacls on accidents. And that's what really counts. It isn't always hig machines With blades of sharpened steel That rob a man o( arm or leg And make his senses reel. Nor is it always "on the job" Most accidents take place. But Just the opposite is true And figures prove our case. ACCIDENTS It's carelessness in little things At home and on the street Neglect in moving objects small Away from running feet. A makeshift ladder, sliding rugs, Electric cords that spark A disregard for cellar stairs And stumbling in the dark. Crossing where no crossings are While looking at the sky. Driving on a slippery road With milestones w hining by. These are the things that take a toll We all should frown upon So watch for them when off the job, As well as when you're on. -H umble ripe Line Company. Houston, Q 003H r :; Secretary--GILBERT A. SNYDER, supervisor. Safety and Sanitation, Allis-Chahncrs Manufacturing Co., LaPorle. Ind. Program Chairman--G. C. SQU1ER, safely engineer, Chrysler Division, Chrysler Corp., s Detroit, Mich. tU if iw /rllr r Editor--W. EUGENE STU FFIN G , director of safely. Carrier Corp, Svracuse, N. Y. Engineering Methods and Procedures Committee--GEORGE K. HUMPHREY (Chair man), safety director, Cadillac Div., General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich.; DAN F. BRADY, manager of safely. The Maytag Co.. Newton, Iowa; WILLIAM E. ' GRUBER, manager. Safely Engineering Dept., Standard Accident Insurance Co., Detroit, Mich.; JO H N R. MAGORIAN, director of s..ictv, Federal Enameling A Stamping Co., Pittsburgh, P a .; W. E. McKFXDIN, salt ly supervisor, Westiuglinusc Electric Corp., Philadelphia, P a.; D. T. MOULD, safety director. General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich.; A. J. RUZ1CH, safely engineer, Chrysler Coip., Mopar Plant, Center^ Line, Mich.; ROBERT VER11A ARl.N, asst, safety director, Ford Instrument Co, Div. of Sperry Rand Corp, Long Island City, N. Y.; C. A. DeMONGE, personnel director, Kelsey-Hayes Wheel C o, Detroit. Mich.; CARL J. PETERSON, staff safety engineer, Chrysler Corp, Detroit, M idi.; EUGENE E. GARRITY, safety director. Hunter Division, Robbins A Myers Inc., Memphis, Tenn.; ROE BOONE, safely engi neer, Procter A Gamble Defense Corp, Milan Arsenal. Milan. Tenn.; MILTON A. RATHERT. safety director, C. lin g er A Sons Hinge Co, St. Louis, Mo.; JO SEPH MOORE, safely engineer, Schlage Lock C o, Daysliorc Blvd, San Francisco, Calif.; MORGAN OW ENS. Chevrolet, Oakland Division, General Motors Corp, Oakland. Calif. Education and Training Committee--O. J. PfCK I'.L (Charuttnii), suiwrvisnr. Safely and Medical Service, Wagner Klretric Corp, Si. Iamis, In.; W. EUGENE STUFFING, director of safely. Carrier Corp, Syracuse, N. Y .; ROBERT HIXSON, safely super visor, Hagerstown Plant Perfect Circle Corp, Hagerstown, Ind.; JOHN E. KANE, supervisor of safety, Temstedt Division, General Motors Corp, Trenton Plant, Trenton. Tin N. J.; W ILLARD KERR, associate professor. Illinois liutitnte of Technology. Chicago, III.; DANIF.L G. SULLIVAN, safelv director, Pittsburgh Sc. ew and Bolt Corp, Pittsburgh. Pa.; HUGO PETERSON .' manager of training, Mendi.v Corp. South Bend, Indd.; LE. CCLLAARRKK W OODWARD, director of safety., AA. OO Smith CCoorrp. Milwaukee. Wis. : I.........W............Y.. O U N G . I` nternationalv Harvester C o , U X a g o III : HOWARD R. H A N S E N . S R , c , r . . . E - r :r*;r. V I T r-- D :v , Fc.~ Motor Co,, t . r 0 1 . - . . ---- r . Worts. Eiar: ':~7 Z.ZZ"Z' V-' to  tteahh and AfuitiirHurti r t uMoiNlfrr---WAY ItARVEY (Chairman), assistant safety director, Ford Motor Co.# Dearborn, Midi.; J. C. RADCLIhFE, supervisor, Industrial Health Unit, Medical Section, Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, Mich.; W. G. HAZARD, Industrial Relations Div., Owens-Illinois, Toledo, Ohio; J. W. L A K ^.iniIttltnal hygiene engineer, Michigan Mutual Liability Co., Detroit, Mich.; JO H N H. HYNES, Oldsmobile Div., General Motors Corp,, Lansing, Mich.; M. F. BIANCARDI, manager, Salety Services Dept., Allis-Chahners Manufacturing Co., Milwaukee; W it.; EDGAR O. PRANGE, salety director, Uendix Aviation Corp., South Bend, Itu t; OWEN PEEL, safety department. Burroughs Adding Machine Co., Detroit, Mich. Membership Committee--RALPH M. COE (Chairman), safety director, Goodman Manu facturing Co., Chicago. III.; PAUL KRAMOS, chief safety engineer, Butler Manufac turing Co., Kansas City, Mo.; B. J. POVOLNY, safety director, Harrison Radiator Div., Genera! Motors Corp., Lockport, N. Y .; F. H. HUM PHREYS, manager. Prop erty Dept., A.C.F. Industries, New York, N. Y .: J. E. MOORE, vice president, Corporate Service, Inc., Detroit, Mich.; H. II. H UNTINGTON, assistant Industrial Service, International Harvester Co., Chicago, HI-; WARD ANDREWS Protective Equipment Inc., Rock Island, III. Stuff Representative--HARRY C. JO HN SON . National Safely Council. Chicago, 111. ) OFFICERS OF THE POWER PRESS AND NATIONAL SAFETY FORGING SECTION ' COUNCIL 1957-58 General Chairman--T. A. KRAKOW, director of safety, Deere & co., Moline, III. Vice Chairman--C. D. BRAINERD, safety director. Olds Forge Plant, Oldsmohilc *iv.. General Motors corp.. L: using. Mh Ii. bertlary--FRANK HAUSMAN. ftnfely engineer. K in p lo y rr. Mutual t.ialnlily lus. co. of Wisconsin. River Forest, III. fragrant Chairman--JAMKS McCl.lAMANS, safety sii|H*rvi*air, Weslinghnnse Klvrlrir corp, Sliaron, Pa. , imginrrring and Trchniral IW n iliim i Cimiwit1er (Itnirmrii WII.1.IAM II. HFKRY. suiierinlriMlcnt, forge div-. InlrrimliiMitil Harvester eu. Traelor Work., t'liieago. III.: KOIIKRT A. IIKYDKN. rliirf. i-lrrl rit.'il anil matiilroamr .. Western Electric r., Chicago, III. Iducation and Training Committer Chairman--THOM AS M. BULLA RI), safety manager. The Budd co., Philadelphia, Pa. VWiV Relations Comtnittee Chairman--DONAI.*) W. ST IT T, :i `i . general manager, industrial relations. Continental Can co.. New York, N. Y. Irmbrrship Committee Chairman--GEORGE M. JO H N SO N , safety director, Dichoht Inc., Canton, Ohio }-the-)ob Safety Committee Chairman--HAROLD F. LILLIE, director. Safely Council of Greater Lansing, Lansing, Mich. rwsletter Editor--GEORGE R. ORTH, staff assistant, Accident Prevention, Wcslingbouse Electric co., Pittsburgh, Pa. *9 Representative--ARTHUR S. KELLY, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. 0 0 0 2 9 . V Ambers: JO H N I). ALLEN, safety director, Wyman-Gordon, Worcester, Mass.; HOWARD BUSS, safety director, Oneida Limited. Oneida, N. Y.: CHARLES H CANNON, education div., Dept, of Labor. Stale of Illinois, Chicago. III.; JO HN A. CHURCHILL, safety service dept., AHIs-Chnhncrs Mfg. n>. Milwaukee, Wis ; HAROLD A. DASCHNER, managing directoijj Pressed Metal Institute, Cleveland, Ohio; W ILLARD A. DUDLEY, dept, of fire prevention and Nvfcty, Eastman Kodak co., Kodak Park Works. Rochester, N. Y.; *GIf/EN H. DUGGER, director, health and safety div., U.S.A.E.C., Albuquerque Opctat ions Office, Albuquerque, N. M.; CLYDE O. ENOCHS, safety director, Chevrolet--Flint div.. General Motors coip.. Flint, Mich.; #ARTHUR R. GRAHAM, supervising safety engineer, Chicago District. Bituminous Casualty corp., Chicago, III.; W ALTER L. HANAU, assistant superintend- mt, engineering dept.. The Fidelity & Casualty c i . of New York, Chicago, III.; *ED- VVARD A. HESSMER, director of safety. T he d'liver corp.. South Bend, Ind.; WIL- rLIAM A. ISAACSON, safely director, L. A. Youqg corp., Detroit, Mich.; HOUSTON ||B. LAMBERT, safety siq>ervisor, A. C. F. Industrie, Inc., Buffalo, N FRANK W. MARCACC10, chief, industrial inspection div, Rhode Island DtpL' dence, R. 1.; M. (M IKE) MCCARTHY, safety consultant, Columbus corp., Delroil, Mich.; E. H. M EEKS, personnel and safety director,[ liams Sleet Forging corp.. Alliance, Ohio; ELI D. MtiJWUt, manager] of South Bend, South Bend, Ind.; CARL J. PETERSON, rtaff tafel* Irr corp., Detroit, Mich.; *G. DEW EY REED, safety engineer, uLai S Underwriters, Lansing, Mich.; E. D. SALLEE, company supervrisoer led k industrial hygiene, American Can co.. New York, N. Y. | J. ROBP~ Parrish Pressed Steel co., Reading, P a.; W ILLIA M H. SLAGER visor. International Harvester co.. Tractor Works, Chicago, III.; C safely director, John Deere Planter W orks of Deere ft Co., Moline,') PILL AT, M.D, The Oliver corp., South Bend. Ind.; ` EDWIN w. district safety supervisor, American Brake Shoe co, Chicago, 111.; GEO] staff engineer. Clearing Machine corp., div. of U.- S. Industries, Inc-1 ` Former General Chairman M ji; . Of 34 f I I ) Un 0G0333 INCENTIVE AWARDS FOR GOOD SAFETY RECORDS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY b y JO H N McKENNA SMITH safety engineer, A ibeitoi Corporation Limited! Thetford Mines, Quebec, Canada Til* paper deals with the application of safety incentives at Asbestos Corporation Limited in TJieiford Mines, Quebec. Awards for safety aclitevments have been used by Ibis company for the past six years. This period compared to an equivalent period before the award program shows the acci dent experience has improved appreciably. To attribute the improved experience solely to safety incentives would be incor rect because supervisory training and re vised ami improved methods have hcl|>c<l nur accident prevention program. Never theless, no single feature has hecn more instrumental in making our workers safely conscious than safely incentives. Asbestos Corporation Limited is engaged in the mining ami nulling of asbestos ores in the Thelford Mines--Black Lake district of Quebec. Some 2,000 men arc employed, operating three plants with a targe expan sion program in progress at one of them. Mach plant consists of a mine, a mill, main tenance shops and facilities for the storage and shipping of bagged asbestos. INCENTIVE PLAN Six years ago the safety department of Asbestos Corporation Limited examined sev eral plans to improve the safety record of the company. If accident prevention could be constantly before the worker, the accident frequency and severity would decrease. This would lower the compensation rate, since this company operates on a merit rating basis within the rate structure set by the Quebec Workmen's Compensation Commis sion for the Quebec Asbestos Mining As sociation. A safety incentive plan was proposed to management based on the following prin ciples : I. The goals for safety awards should be realistic and possible to attain by a* group which wotild pay particular ion to accident prevention. 20 2. The employees should know their standing during the time the plan is in operation. X The awards or incentives should be distributed to as many employees possible. 4. One group of employees should not be penalized for the jrnor performance of another group. 5. Tangible prizes are heller than mone tary awards. 6. The safety incentive plan must be un derstood by all employer*. Management accepted a safety incentive plan based on these principles, and it began on November 1st, 1951. It is still in opera tion. I wilt elaborate on each principle ami show how these principles were applied by our company. The success of the plan is due to strict adherence to the basic prin ciples. GOALS EASY TO ATTAIN 7 Before proposing any safety incentive plan, it is advisable to review the past experience of the company and of other organizations in the same industry. This review or survey will guide in setting objec tives for safety' awards. It would indeed be unrealistic to base objectives ot a yearly frequency of five lost time accidents per million man hours of exposure when your best previous fre quency has been 20 and that of the industry 12. In other words examine your records and set your objectives so they may be reached by extra effort in the held of acci dent prevention. Do not expect miracles and do not set the objectives so high the employees will feel they cannot attain these objectives. At Asbestos Corporation Limited, our survey of past experience and local condi tions indicated that consecutive man-shifts worked without a lost time accident --'mid Atitiih p Ituli' be the belt basis on which to make m u selection of awards vvrii c x p la iiu d This basis linil several advantages, jfog._Jaftr in this paper. which w ere: an award a. Within our reporting or labor ac we are eliminating two employee opjosicounting set-up, this figure could tidns to an incentive plan: lie easily reported by the timekeeping department* daily. They feel they work to establish the safety record and then the supervisor b. If a lost time accident occurs on any receives the reward. day during the month, it is not neces sary to wait until a new period before another no-accident record can start. b. Many feel if their names were placed in a box and one name drawn for a safety award, their name would cer The objectives were set so that once the first was reached, the group continued to tainly not be drawn. In other words, they are just not lucky in lotteries. amass consecutive shifts since the last lost All production and maintenance employees, time accident. When the second or third the plant supervisory and clerical staff, and , objectives are reached, awards of greater watchmen are eligible for safety awards. value are distributed. Head office staff, laboratory employees and To be more specific, groups or plant divisions are awarded safety incentives after a group at our non-operating properties arc not included in the plan. 10,000, 25,000 and 50,000 shifts without a One group of employees sliould not he lost time accident. The value of the award penalized for the poor performance of at 25,000 shifts is-approximately two and another group. one-half limes the value at 10,000 although only 15,000 consecutive shifts have been added to the total. When setting up a safety incentive plan liasrtl on group incentive*, have gm-ips nr mill* of employee* ho do the h EMFLOyEES KNOW WHERE THEX STAND TmhaenyKermi*pn|t.osvrtl-* i.nl.1rt>''t !-I- t . The employees should know their relation |toor safety petlnrnian'r ul a >I ; . ' to the objective when the plan is in opera- lion of the group. Since this i- a i:i'"P tion. effort, it requires good teamwork and it is This principle is extremely important in amazing to see how older employees advise any work where an objective is being at new men on unsafe manner. tained. Everyone is familiar with the ther The breakdown of each plant for the mometer chart used h| charitable campaign* safely incentive plan followed the main and war bond drives. For Ihe safely incen working divisions: i.e., mine, mill, shops tive plan at Asbestos '^Corporation Limited, or maintenance, and general or yard labor. bulletin boards at the plant entrances or in Each group is a unit which operates inde the punch clock rooms, showed the number pendently in the plan. If a lost lime acci- of consecutive man-shifts worked since the dtnt occurs in the mill, it does not affect last lost time accident for each group operat ing as a unit. These boards are kept up-todate daily by the timekeeping department at the plant. tl(e records of other groups. .T he groups are not equal in size but by setting the objectives on. the basis of con secutive man-shifts worked since the last MANY AWARD WINNERS Iqst time accident, the exposure to injury ip equal for all groups. The awards or incentives should be dis tributed to as many employees as possible. 1TIte objectives are the same for all groups. There were several objections tn Several plans operate with the supervisory ifks; many employees maintained their work employees rewarded for safety records es was more hazardous and should therefore tablished by their workers. Other plans receive a handicap. Our experience however, allow so many awards per department or lifts shown that the equal objectives (or all per 100 employees. We distribute awards groups were justified. This is a point h' to each employee of the department or plant st'idy carefully before an incentive firm is division eligible tinder the plan. The cost pi-1 into operation. .'' I w o o 3 : K ) m ,.,v d w tr v I ivir ANili.'M.il .N,i/ ci.v i '.'DI'H * . .. *1 :his had an active supervisory training proi y jd ff prominent feature after the t lini ion ll is preferable lo distribute useful items P y rc x w are, ta b le lig h ters, m ix in g bowls; tw o tools, i.c., Iiam l ax e, plier*, (ram during the past five years. I shalP indicate the improvement in the safety ex >r safctyjinccutives was the(sharp J^lu clio n it lost time accidents involving one to three at s-ifeiv awards Ilian to give tlic equivalent in ca.li. Many companies distribute individ T o illu s tr a te th e ra n g e o f a w a rd s distrib perience since the inception of the safety lostj time. When The WtllflSfBfcs re ual pins, or departmental tropilics. This uted o v e r tlie p a s t five a n d a h a lf ytM*, incentive plan and point out some features alized that this was a `'team" or group con which might be directly attributable to acci test, everyone co-operated iu not losing lime certainly advertises llie accident prevention program but a pocket knife, wallet or some the follow ing list fo r each series o f award, has been com piled : M dent prevention awards. for minof injuries, a practice prevalent in mall toM is a constant reminder of acci first Award (10,000 shifts) -* Table f is a breakdown of our accident previous je a n . The corhpany encouraged employees to re dent prevention- The distribution of useful items has been quite popular among our M ix in g b o w ls, fla s h lig h ts , ta b le lighter^**1 experience from 1947 through 1956. This period was chosen because it illustrates a turn to work by allowing them to relocate employees. playing card s, aslt tra y s, pipes, th erm o s bob.; ties, w escot w renches, com bination squares, period of five years. 1947 through 1951. lo a less arduous task for a Short period of lime if the work would have to be done The safety incentive plan must be under h a m m e rs, tinners* sn ip s, h a n d a x e s , wrench prior fo the introduction of the safety inlcentive plan and a five year period. 1952-56, during tlie course of operations. stood by all employees. This basic principle sets, b all p o in t p en s a n d ra z o rs. applies to any incentive plan initiated and that the plan has been in ojieration. The application of safely incentives at operated by a business organization. When the safety incentive plan began, notices were Srcond Award (25fl00 lliifts) \ Steak knives. Silex coffee makers, bill folds. vises, can openers, casting rods, pip : Tables II and III are a compilation anti iverage of these two five-year periods. These records indicale an Improvement Asbestos Corporation Limited in Thctford Mines lias achieved the results desired sine: the plan was formulate and introduced, i.c., an improvement in our safety record and a posted on all company bulletin boards ex B plaining its operation. Meetings with super wrenches, pocket watches, a cash 11'"'*" * on a pair of safety shoes and First Aid kill lince the inception of the safety incentive decrease in compensation costs. visors illustrated in more detail just how the plan would work. When new employees Third Award (50,000 shifts) plan. When the compensation cost plus the ncentive cost for the 1952-56 period is com Safety incentives when properly applied will produce the following results; are hired, the plan is explained in the pre employment interview. T h is is reached on an average o f once year by one o f the sections w ithin the com pared to the compensation cost alone for the 1947-51 period, we find a yearly average oving of over $30,000. and this in a period a. The workers will become more safely conscious. T o recapitulate briefly the safety incentive plan of A sbestos C orporation L im ited : Each pany. T h e a w ard s consist o f ; safety foot w ear, flash c a m era, carv in g set, socket hen the compensation benefits as well as b. The compensation cosls will decrease. o p e ra tin g p la n t is su b d iv id ed in to fo u r sec w re n c h s e t. a lu m in u m c h a irs a n d in some the wages were increasing. c. Accident frequency and severity will tions w hich o p erate independently in estab cases, com binations o f tw o25,000 slnlt A downward trend has started in llic ac impi nvr. d. Workers will arrcpl the safely pro lishing safety records of consecutive inansh ifts w orked w ithout a lost tim e accident. aw ards. fo urth Award (75,000 shifts) cident frequency, severity and cosls when the incentive plan was introduced. However, gram more readily when they will realize that management is willing <> When o n e o f the fo llo w in g o b je c tiv es is reached. 10.000, 25.000, o r 50.000 an d so on This mark lias been reached once by one section. At the request of the majority ol il is quite definite that the introduction of sifety awards accelerated the improvement compensate them for safely achicvcinciils.-A- in 2 5 ,000-slult in crem en ts, each em ployee the employees in this section and with the n accident prevention. , is e n title d to a s a fe ty a w a rd if he h as approval of management, instead of increas L w orked a t least 7S p e r cent o f th e tu n c tu ing the value of the individual awards as A N A L Y S IS th at section during the period the record or objective w as being established. II a we do for the first three objcct.ves ead. Loil N oTiLnaool l ; Hoars .1 Compen Ineen- Se sation tiro Coat employee received an award tn he lost tim e accident o c c u rs in a section, th e shift range and a drawing was made for Tear Tim Ace. A ccidenta 'L a st Kxparar* verity 1305 Coat 1121.017 cum ulated n u n -sh ills drop to zero and a two television sets, installed in lie em 17 49 232 IDS 198 266 I 5.924 io. m 4.4(1.388 4.538.167 2190 S2.616 0.061 fresh start is made. ployees* homes complete with outdoor an 49 102 210696 I1G5..023316 14..144513..110857 4850 3.160 102.688 SELECTING AWARDS FOR SAFEiy 60 1951 132 91 216 1.(03 4,881.788 52 64 199 1.403 4.148,887 367 2056 22.914 22.178 98.319 $ 9.356 6.613 T he selection o f suitable aw ards is im ' N eedless to say th is created considerable 1953 63 203 7.743 1905 1860 26.886 9.796 p o rta n t. W h e n em p lo y ees a re e lig ib le lo r in te re s t in a c c id e n t p re v e n tio n throughout 11996645 29 * 62 232 7.781 267 1.(43 S * aw ard s, th e y a re e n title d to th e cho.ce o f ,|.c c o m p a n y . T h e p re sid en t, th e g e n eu l 1956 38 262 1.168 353 81.262 7.675 272 29.173 7,394 m a n a g e r a n d o th e r lo p co m p an y officiali. one o f five o r six item s. w ere present fo r the draw ing. T h e evert COMI'AUISON o r AACCIiilOOK N Y ^ X m i l t l t O r . . ' rO M T K N S A T IO N ANI The system used by A sbestos C orporation L im ited e n ta ils m o re w o rk and |>os5ibly w as co v ered l.y the local picss and son local co rrespondents lo r the M e tro p o lis I,not SAKKTlf' I*lfC!KKNTIVIC C O S T S . 1 9 tf W t. 1952-I9S8 No Lott Honra of Se Componnatlon Incen tivo h as som e d is a d v a n ta g e s but it is m o re d a ilie s. W h e n a n o th e r g ro u p re a c h e s tm Period Tim o Tim o A rc. A crldrnla H aya I.oot Kxpoaoro v e rity Coni C*t accep tab le lo o u r em p lo y ees. If w e decided 75 0 0 0 s h i f t m a r k a d ra w in g f o r an expen 1947-61 715 1.044 47.820 21.076.472 e v eryone was to re c eiv e a fla sh lig h t o r a s e a w a r d w ill b e m a d e o n ly if it * 1962-66 236 1.163 26.726 21.069.846 2270 1266 $339.296 146.818 $40.732 pen k n ife th e re w ould be m any com plaints ex p re sse d w ish o f the m a jo rity o f employers about liow m any our men already h a d . of th e section. _ . s o * K V Z V Z w s s a i H f e f e ^ . s r rEN9AT,0N therefore, it is w ise to allow h cho.ce of A nyone in accident prevention know s H 1,0*1 No front Com pen - Incen Sc- *ntlon tivo aw ards. ( . . T h e decision of th e five o r six item s is is difficult to a ttrib u te im provem ent in saletj f.rl.d Tim o Ace. T im e A ccident. D ay. I.o .t H o u r. .1 E xpo.nr* v e rity Coat Coat experience to any one item . A sbestos Cot made along the follow ing piinciple: tw o poration Lim ited has been constantly chan| 1847-51 1952-56 143 47 209 231 9,6(4 6,845 4.215.094 4.213.9(9 2270 1268 $ 67.859 29.364 $ 8.147 personal i . I '* 01 k " 1,1'- " . ' in g a n d im p ro v in g w o rk in g m e th o d s, a 2J lig h t, lig h t. vo ile u s fo r the hom e, i e.. 72 OFn CERS o f th e MINING SECTION i*TkM^U1- NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 | \c s Committee--JO HN C. MACH IS AK (Cimi riunii). rliicf, Affiilcut AimUm Branch U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, I). \ . (<i h/rfy Promotion Committee--ALLEN l). L O O K '(C hairm an), U. S. Bureau d Mine, Federal Building. IHiltilh, Minn.; GEORGE STyLL, Mining Congress Jmirnal, Wash t ington, D. C.; ALVIN W. KNOERR, Engineering ft Mining Journal. New York. N. Y. ; GEORGE O. AKGALL, JR., Mining World, Saw Francisco, Calif.; C H R IS MAM EN, k* Canadian Mining Journal, Gardttivalc, Quebec,/ Canada; DAVID N, SKILLINGS. Skillings Mining Review, Duluth, Minnesota. General Chairman--H. SLOAN E, director of ufcty . . <divinon, ... . Mining . ... . Association of D B. rt1Ti. Nfairne and Ventilation Cotnmitter--JO H N "Bu((e Mon, . ED LEONARD, Inlaml W. WARREN (Chairman), Steel co.. I.l.peming, Mich.; Anaconda co., DONALD S. Vancouver, B. C. KINGERY, Mine Ventilation Section, U. S. flurehu of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa. P in t Vice-Chairman--S. E. SHARP. Tenneree Copper co., Copperhill, Tenn. fiswbers-at-Large--R. F. W ILSON, Oliver Iron Milling div., U. S. Sleel corp,, Duluth, Second Vice-Chairman--C R. NELL, Bethlehem Cornwall eorp., Cornwall, Pa. Minn.; JOE T. WILLIAMS, Hunker Hill and Sullivan Mining and Concentration M# -- company. Kellogg, Idaho; GEORGE GEDGE, Phelps Dodge corp., Copper Queen Third Vice-Chairman--ROGER F. A. T H E W , safety engineer. Steep Rock Iron Man . 3 ^ ^ Bisbee, Art*.; OSCAR A. GLAESER, U. S. Smelting, Refining and Mining VLima nitieludl, Sg #tememopn DRoi vclkr , Ontar. imo. . c__o.. PSa. ll.t VLakI e #C"1ity., tUl rt.aLh; ii . JI . CST* FRDO/ ^MI I QO Uf 111 SC TY , CCllAevu wella^ nn rdl dCtl(ifTfs. fIWroAnn mco., IIschllpll^cnmUiltlifgf. Newsletter Editor--R. G. W ARNCKE, Bureau o l Mines, Washington, D. C. I. Mich.; CLIFFORD GIBSON. Mines Acridetil Prevention Association of Ontario, 'Timmins, Ontario. Canada; GEORGE GERRY, l'ickamls Mather 9t co* IhmiwihhI, Assistami Newsletter Editors--Lake Superior District, F. D. W OLEBEN, Oliver Jres I Mich. ; *R. F. WILSON, Oliver Iron Mining Division, U. S. Steel corp.. Duluth, Minn. K 2 & K `T ; THOM PSON. American Zinc company, Maicot, Tenn.; Western District. W. LYNN, HART, American Smelling and Refining company, Wallace, Idaho; Central District, H. B. HUTCHENS. Eagle-Picher Mining and Smelling company. Miami. Olcla.; South western District, PAUL H UN TER, Chino Mine* division, Kennecolt Copper CMnjuaj. Hurley. N. M.; Ontario District, ROGER F. A. TH EW . safely engineer, Sleep Rod Iron Mines Lid., Sleep Rock, Ontario, Canada; Quebec District, J. E. BERRIDGE, Quebec Asbestos Mining Association, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Eastern Canads District, JO H N ABBISS, Buchans Mining company, Buchans, Newfoundland, Canada; Western Canada District, IVAN H. SLOANE, director of safety division, Minin, Association of B. C. Vancouver, B. C. fu i General Chairman n . H OC... CiHintii. c v TM . ... Entertainment Committee Chaimusn-J. T. RYAN, JR.. Mine Safety Appliances co. Pittsburgh, Pa. ' _ ;i Engineering C om m ittee-). M. SM ITH (Chairman). Asbestos Corporation Ltd., ThetloN Mines Quebec. Canada; JO HN B. BIKER, Consolidated Mining 8t Smelting co. Ltd of Canada, Trail. British Columbia. Canada: DALE J. BROWN. Nevada Mines dun sion. Kennecott Copper corp., Magill. Ncv.; GEORGE A. BORGESON, M. A. anna co., Hibbing, Minn. Membership C om m it,c.-A C KOLU (Chairman) Pickands Mather & " ,,.D uluth Minn; , W ALTER E. MONTGOMERY, Montreal, Quebec. Canada; CLIFFORD GIBSON, > Mlnea Accident Prevention Association of Ontario, Timmins, Ontario. Laiudi; ' EM METT K.OLSON, JR., Kennecott Copper Corp., Utah Copper Div.,_ Salt Lake Uly. U tah; NEAL If. GEORGE, Quebec Metal Mines Accident Prevention Association, Quebec, Canada. Program Committ,e - J O H N A. JO H N SO N (Chairman). U. S. Bureau of Mine* W incton D. C .; A. W. NESS, American Smelting & Refining co. Salt Lake City, U . MAURICE LA FONTAINE, Department of Mines. Montreal, Quebec, Lam*. JO SE PH HALL, Reserve Mining company. Silver Bay, Minn. P,,,,, w rtrnscm V wS El ; S S i i S ' i ,S 2 * OiiH S ,li l . k . Ciiy, U l,h : A. J- STROM QUIST. CI..l.~J-ClilT. *-- . ' si -i . . m r M POLLARD National Gypsum co., Buffalo, N. Y., J . . I , HARKINS. The Anaconda co., Butte. Montana; P. C. SIMMONS, Phelps-Dodge K y ,ci, Arirona. *1 47 46 I ) OFFICERS OF THE COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 C U ? - F . S. LAKE. di.rrtor * - < Grand Rapid*. Mich. C I TM -K A K L SCHULZE. * , .M r., W,ltn Opcrrttoot. Inc. Sen E rror * p PIJRVES superinlcndcnt, Toronto St S ,(r.,ory-l~ * ' N. BEADLE, Iturn,dial, Post Gsntral K mountain Express. Oakland. Cahl. S' " " ' c . j q ;i co o l Ctlilmp J " u d Toronto. Onlnrto. C -U . 1C * . director of s a C r . Pclfic I** - ,r t* i,twM" * '0" Tr,,ck ,nc' G" ' 2 Z - l A. DePEW, director of safe,, and per,onnel. Dohrn Transfer co.. Rock H . j m f BLEAU safety director. Automobile Shipper*. Inc.. Detroit. Ui Driver /fuw rd-N J. BLEA . , di'v F. J. Boutell Drive' ,, ... ,, .H A - J W. JACOBSON, director, oc.rdm. -- * * - ' J co.. Inc., Flint. Mich. su. i * * -----1**^ u... ww*. *..............* - .......-. ** *** Motor Bus Bperalor*. Washington. D. TiWayassh, iiIiunlciM.. i lnld>ianCa|Miwli*.. Iim (i. MACINTOSH, iiianagrr, riiRiiiccrmR nc,.i.. ............... pWasliiiiRiiMi. i . i... N Y A F NEYIIART, ndnnmstralivc hcad, The . fcnt and liidenmity u>., New York. I*. t\. i - p l'i r H safclv consultant. t e c l r < L S: C n ^ T WIKKE. director. safcVy and terso,,.. | ^iIlCcrIsMtailtttc. ililnakn cv ri iivcs Cnrp.. K-----a---nsns Cit-y*, Mo. R rfrfsen M ift: Al. FINCH. National Safely Council. Chicago. III. ^ J CtajT w A S P I . dirteto. ol - 1 - d r i . . . * " V" " " 1 Broadview. III. . . I ine* Inc.. Charlotl Eotlrm _B. A RENHOLDS. 1 dir.ctor, V .,, .n .. * . . L.o. a ville. Va. r ' elation* Hennis Freight Line*. k lit S o u t h ,* - W. L. FRIGON. director of mdu*tr . " Winston-Salem. N. C. .. |n r Western Truck Line*. I W tlttr*--A. S. LOMBARDI, safety and personnel d,rector. W e. Los Angeles, Cahf. M rm trr/ ot lorpe. . ^ rs,,,,nel. Scherer Freight Unes. ! Cent"* f i bcS tS l 2. i ' T H A T F i k " " l . t dirtetor. G < " . KTM.t ?3 Mod 0.3 MOS'lMAN. director of safety and ^ [ * onn^ lc,, r 0,,d Express. Dallas. Texas. ! ROSSjditurtoe of safety and compliance. Troicn * ^ y g Port Office Be, p T I BIDDLE, administrator, m o o r v j personnel, The Dandst ^w T rfiini'ton. D. C : W. A DUFFY^ d.recto^ [ , ^ ,, 01^ . manager ope^ TTMI*fer it Storage co. Baltimore. Md . C. t LUM PKIN, manager. nW s r : ' s J ! d . . d BTM.dr. - a j ' i & . V v . t ' c.. * . s m i t h . Railway Exprc* Agency, n c* # dtnl. Motor Cargo, Inc.. Altton. ,,,,.,,.I Jotuiron Motor l t j j a c h% f:cb* n TM is 'wsJSuirtir! O urU ntc - 1 |L | j i[W,o , o l in le t, "dJ ^ ^ l ^ t r . Atlanta NcwtgaMtA I ^ ,^ s s ^ s s s r s i - m'u "' T- * " ' K Salem. N. C. SB 00031)7 ) . O G O o ' . I H . c l i r a H h A lir.'i" /; .............. 'olinnnt Stiffly ConQrftS ,yen (o this. In maintaining a safe however, all three must be given importance. ^ <r asphyxia has become an increasing in our nr re complex industrial world, iK>ves us a!1 to do our utmost to com- * bat it. As industrial nurses you can do your part by learning more about the your own plant, and then by being ever] ready to act immediately. By applying your 1 knowledge and skills you may be able to n s l store breathing and save human | i f e ^ * g l | NEW TRENDS IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMS by DR. H. GLENN GARDINER \ icdical director. Indiana Harbor Work. Inland Steel co., Earl Chicago. Ind. ( 7, nalized by lagal action. DljjSjable working [conditions as contrasted lo w p im a l legally [allowable conditions have W lr J a w r a b lc aspects which pay oil in the long run, both [directly and indirectly. I Now occupational disease must embrace .[many things: the pneumoconioses, the derymatoiez and tlie many toxic exposures. The hazard of uncontrolled exposure of lead [fumes, benzol, carbon tetrachloride, berylilium, cadmium, trichloretbylcne^ insecticides, and now more recently radioactive materials tave opened a INDUSTRy new field for exploration. FOLLOWED LEGISLATION W ith the coming of O.D. acts, people ' rallied the need for promoting occupa products and process. Industry produced large quantities of nigh quality products both old and f(fczOt<l -is expeditiously as possible with dpe regard lo health and safely of the people nroducing. With the wartime economy, programs previously considered too expensive suddenly began. The cost plus war contracts /allowed the introduction of things long wanted ami considered worth while. In the health field particularly these programs w eri favored. . W AR EXPANDED INDUSTRy SAFETy With tlie O .b. acts and World W ar II. occupational health came of age and gath ered momentum. The unprecedented poxt war prosperity has been a potent factor. 1 he creation of new groups and _expansion of old groups represented physicians, nurses, < inclusion of the words "trends" and " necessitate establishing a base from h to launch. . identify the subject matter, 1 avoid highly technical changes in the complex of chemistry generally and the atomic gy area particularly. The more technical of these special fields seldom conile nurse and few physicians. Ycl, the ,ci ol these developments is felt throngli- the industry. oing back to the beginning trends in little known or rarely seen today: functional./i knowledge of fluid and electrolyte balance, \ early postoperative ambulation, internal fixa tion materials (metal alloys) used \n bone , surgery such as intramedullary pins ar plates better tolerated by the tissues. IMastic and metal suture materials producing little or no tissue reaction are further examples id technical progress in traumatic surgery. Amphetamines and antihistamines have come into their own. WORK MEN'S COMPENSATION LAWS tio n a l health programs in industry. The existing units in city, county and state kalth departments were expanded--new de trim ents were established where none exUed before. Large industry found it ecommic to seek their help. Where the prob lem were great and the demand exceeded tie existing facilities, some of the more icresighted industries developed their own programs. Large casualty insurance carriers rcsironsikle for the smaller industries pursued the course of enlightened preventive medicine hygienists, dentists and physicians. A board of occupational health as a subspccialty of preventive medicine with public health and aviation medicine has come into being. Spe cial training at poslgradiiate level is now available in a number of medical schools for special degrees certifying training and pro ficiency in this field. Competition exists between the various or ganizations representing the interests of the professional people hut it is a healthy, coo|>erative competition, adding to the accom plishments of each other and the ultimate palional health in 19.17 ' ,V'H hr** ^ ,s' , the field of patient care. Tew impor i medications used then are Still in use , 1 . Of course, the principles of good. n, basic surgical care have not changed, ne anliseplics today were then new and I to prove themselves. Tetanus antitoxin widely uses', but their problem of serum mess and various other potential allergic noraena attendant to its use are still wills today. Immunization of large groups with ter shot lolloW-ups was not yet prac- cd. * None of our present battery of cl.cmorrapeutic and antibiotics were then avail le. There were such things as antitoxins, rcific antisera, vaccines of general and ecific types, the mysterious bacteriophages Ji immunogens being used with hope, but e effectiveness never approached the suc- ss we now routinely anticipate with our edicines- ^ Many adjuncts of yesteryear are little ttd or unknown ' v. Similarly, the dis- . 1 (hey were contro1 are Secondly. 19J7 was the year of legal awareness of occupational disease. For the first time industry and the business firms concerned with Workmen's Con.pcnsat.oa were forced to lake cognizance of liability for certain occupational diseases. : The big bad monster was silicosis. How _ well I remember the fear and consternation ; in Industry and Casually Insurance Car riers of Workmen's Compensation when leg islation enforced these responsibilities. So little was known about the disease at that time. The widespread industrial exposure to free silica was fantastic. Some people predicted total bankruptcy for industry and the allied insurance people. Tune and rea son have taken the place of fear. Silicosis is known, but completely con trollable in our modern industiy by bet.er housekeeping, improved handling techniques, substitution of safer, yet suitable materials and where necessary, the use of persona protective equipment. Management has been compelled lo change its attitude or be pe beyond the field of simple mechanical prin ciples of safety. Other allied groups, dedi cated to saving life and limb crea'ted or ex panded such programs, notably, the National Safety Council, the American Medical A*locution and the Industrial Hygiene Foimdztion. Pre-employment physical .examina tions, including chest x-rays, were [desirable in most industries and a must id others. Selective placement became a reality to em ploy certain people without liability risks lo employers. Occupational health was influenced by the ellects of World W ar II. Even before the United States became an active participant, industry moved into high gear producltonnise. The resultant attendant hazards were apparent and often resulted from constant demands for increasing quality, as well as quantity. With active war declared, govcmmcnlat agencies were concerned both di rtctly and indirectly in all plants handling . war or defense contracts. Their concern was not limited to sabotage air but included development of new goals of all. In the field of occupational health, safety and health are inseparable. Industry has learned that it is economic lo give formal attention'to matters pertaining to health and 'safety. Large industries provide their own. small industries buy from or though insur ance carriers or groups providing medical, dental, nursing, hygiene, engineering or other applicable services. More professional peo ple are? devoting part or all their time to problems related lo occupational health than ever before. Permanent impairment, lime lost from work and the mortality and morbidity ol occupational origin is at an all time low per unit produced. Our old problems are largely controlled, amflnew problems anticipated and minimized. Thjose escaping temporarily are soon identified, classified and dealt with. More and mol'; the expert is called during the planning stfige. By this means the recog nizable hazard in the new product or process 4 V )\ 0 0 0 3 ! ) ! ) OccupajAtmit Health Numwtj Sc 19S7 National Safety Congress is considered and often with great economic advantage. The delay in marketing a prod uct after discovering an unsafe process can be disastrous. Materials or procedures can be altered when anticipating a toxic hazard of intolerable scope will occur. CONTROL ENVIRONMENT FOR HEALTH Environmental controls by the engineering and occupational hygiene approach in the better organized plants give attention to minute details. Not only hazards, but nui sance problems receive attention. Dust, gas, smoke, fumes and vapors which may be a community, as well as a plant problem, are seen. The very presence 1 these things in some manufacturing processes may indicate an inefficient or uneconomic operation, and correction would serve a multiple benefit. Also, under this general program are food available to workers, its preparation, han dling and disposition in a safe, clean, ap petizing manner, a place to cat, and garbage and sewage disposal in a safe and acceptable fashion. , Water pollution is often a greater prob lem than air pollution. The sportsman and the nature conservationist, backed up by laws keep us alert to the dangers and dam ages' of polluting lakes and streams. Sani tary facilities, bath water, drinking water, taliniied as a convenience if general plant area is hot and pest control, should not be overlooked in the area of environmental treatment and new technique* with present medications hastens I m l a f with less pro duction time loss and les* permanent im pairment residual. Union Health Centers are daily assuming a more important role ill the health m atter, of the worker. 111. family and the community. F ar more nurses are employed in induf-i try and their presence and proper functions are better understood and supported by man agement. The need for their collaboration with the physician responsible for the plant) health program is soundly established, b**l not practiced as closely as desired in man* instances. EDUCATION AIDS O.D.- 1 With the advent of visual aids in Iran-, mg and safety programs, we have the m o. advanced media for health education put poses, for on-the-job anil olf-the-job activi ties. These messages relate not only to 0 employee, but the various members of h. family. Perhaps more familiar are th health messages presented through payTM envelope inserts, bulletin hoard and yarin magazines, ncwspa|icr and other media. 1 trend is increasing utilization of servica through effective application of expert knowledge in a broadening and growing heH of specialization. TWENTY YEARS INCREASED PROBLEMS . Are all of our problems solved? Not b| resentatives of joint MAjhitiees of medical jpecialists and others |E|M releasing conclu sions on the basis of knowledge for guidance. We can not yet say with reasonable certainly some of the things that must be said and sustained before legisla tion amends the Workjnen'n Compensation ILaws. | Workmen's Compensation i. a means of providing a cost of living during periods of disability due to occupational illness or jnjury and to offset the loss of future taming capacity (based on past experience f the individual) of a person permanently bipaired by occupational lines, or injury. Some .ta le , .till provide little or no remedy tnder the law for the employee, and there u a great disparity between benefits proviled in the states. Due to the lag in our legislative system, no state provides adc- qlately and probably never will unless a more practical, flexible, realistic, applicable formula is legislated to follow the con- stintly changing cost of living. Amendments to Workmen's Compcnna- titn acts in recent years have done little to improve the situation. In addition, the interpretation of the existing acts by |>o- lilically qualified, but otherwise unqualified representatives, have led to widespread abases which embrace the creeping socialism ' l ' so despised It,] principle by many of m There is no*' iju b t that there arc mam ' people dfservwif of help Iron! public fumb. yet this scarcely constitutes reason lor call i\ig upon Workmen's Com|>ensation lirncfii". af the immediate ex|>cnse of irnhixliy to pay comjiciisation for conditions not rvm remotely related to the man's job, simply because there is presently no other place syhercin money can be made available to him. Industry has been and continues to lie the wlii|i|iing boy of our inadequate social system as it exists today in the legal sense. We must say something to discourage complacency, carelessness and the indiscrim inate use of wonder drugs, including tetanus antitoxin, the sulfas, penicillin and its de rivatives and all the oilier chemical and antibiotic preparations. They arc two-edged swords. There arc definite indications for their use and definite contra-indications, and also a broad area of uncertainty where cood judgment and experience must be irlicd mi. To dale wc have no reasonable sub tiiule for experience. The imli'liimo llipsr drugs is irp irl--o -'I. , ' a|.|M.xf b es f tu , d '! - - hap, sensilnill, rl . i- ' be taken lightly. As a nile ul uu don't. Make your mistakes on sidc.^k. i '" m the safe control. The rapid developments hr chemistry and physics are almost beyond comprehension. Competition brings almost a daily announce ment of n improved product, something that will do more for less and easier. With this cotnes the problems of employees dan ger in toxicity of products, its basic coinponents. it. by-products, its production lerhriiques, and also the hazard to the community, the ultimate consumer, the consumer s netg ibor and customers. Here w e are talking about the present day insecticides, the sol vents i.e, hydrocarbon derivatives such as the rubber and synthetic rubber industry, and the radioactive materials. Geiger count ers are now as commonplace to the hy gienists as was the inipingcr a few years ago- . pre-employment physical cxainuia- tioi - being carried out. Fewer injuries per produced are encountered. Lather a long way. Aulomalion and industrial te search and progress generally will *" this docs not occur. The effects and alfed upon emotions and morale may create pro* lems not easily solved. This lias inercasa the need for nurses, psychologists, pnys'"" and other specially trained personnel. 1 newer drugs termed tranquilizers ha proven helpful when used judiciously. Now 20 years alter the O.D. furor 1937 arc we facing a problem of similar size and similar concern? Strangely anl coincidentally we arc. Noise and occupa tional deafness right now is a very major concern of niDiiy industries, businesses aru casualty insurance companies, similar to tin near-panic from the early version of silicosis Recently wc learned a great deaf about noise and its harmful effects on human hear ing. There is still a great deal to b Some of the early hysteria is aba " I* SOME CURRENT ASPECTS OF MEDICAL QUACKERY b y OLIVER FIELD director, Bureau of Investigation, American Medical Assn., Chicago In discussing the subject of "Some Currtnt Aspects of Medical Quackery," it is perhaps advisable to consider the present status of pretension to medical skilly in the light of what has gone before, particularly during the past half-century. The Bureau of Investigation has been functioning for more than 50 years as a clearing-house of information on mailers in this category. The Bureau was started as a department of the Journal of the American Medical Association, partly be cause of llie zeal of the young physician who. siKin after graduation from medical school, came to work as an editorial as sistant. But his own personal experience caused him to begin a crusade of exposure of the evils of quackery and the venality of a large segment of the "patent medicine" ipilustry. . RAt almut the time this physician arrived an an employee of the American Medical /flisocialion. the Congress passed the fir-l l*irc Food and Drugs Act. The exatup'. < jfiat we have of "cures'' and products and their labeling in it 'ays illustrate the J9i7 NoUvr'ol S o ftly Congrus changes that have come about, particularly by the passage of the I9J8 Federal Food. Drug and Cosmetic Act. N O INFORMATION SOURCE Before the passage of that Act, which, among other things, requires the revelation of the active ingredients on the retail label, there was no source except perhaps the Bureau of Investigation lo furnish the medi cal profession and the public the informa tion. Books, pamphlets, and reports in the Journal itself constituted the media whereby Dr. Arthur Cramp did his very effective work. Before the discovery of insulin by Banting and Best of Toronto, there were a good many diabetic quacks. Their principal prod ucts were diuretics. Their claims were broad, their performance woefully inade quate. Today, however, it is in the field of cancer that the particular interest of both the public and the medical profession lies. In a period of 10 months we counted, in a little more than 4,000 inquiries, more than 1,000 on the subject of cancer "cures" and treatments. The example that we have here, particu larly the Hoxsey cancer treatment, and ex amples of the methods of promotion, make it evident that over the years the quack has learned by experience that he is ever so much more effective when he hides behind religion and when he sells the public on the claim that he is a martyr to medical perse cution. . FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HELPS The federal government, in the agency of the Food and Drug Administration, has sought for several years to stop not only Mr. Hoxsey, but others, one of whom is particularly known in Vancouver, namely Dr. William R Koch, who began his pro motion from Detroit in 1919. Although Dr. Koch has been ordered by the Federal Trade Commission to cease ad vertising that any of his preparations has ) ooo-MH) FFICERS OF TH E ..... . .. any value in any disease category, his ecssors. the Christian Mstllwl Reseat OCCUPATIONAL hI a LTH NURSING ^ League of Detroit, continue to sell oxylide" for $25.00 for a 2 c c aitipl C.llyyooxxyylide is labeled to be a one 1st trillio n a q u eo u s dilution of several alltyf *in**gu"remdiiieunhtsj., iIt isa innot sait ailtl surprising It NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 no chemist has been able to find anytiis in the ampule but water. | Iin otihner fnields the quack capital!ises tarImeral Chairman--V E& NA -PA SKU NA , R .N , Owens Him*. Gt-- CmUaium -Div . thtie aaddvvaanncceemmeenntts noff scriencee. WWe* example, the products alleged to bhIseavera, dhiiiS~t_r_e_a_'tor', III. .... . VT Peoples Gas, Light & Coke Co, active, which originated in the United Statist# CAotmsan--DOROTHY ARMSTRONG, R. at least, in the mid 1920's. These were ti Chicago. III. as rejuvenators and "cure-alls." Some Is ........................ ..... .____ n tn iiA R A BOREN. no radioactivity whatsoever, others w <* Cbmrman (r Membership C os K .N , Ansul Chemical ad>ipau p.ni..lrHgi.vec_rai out:iuu_os_nli;yis rs aS*thdl_ielilo_W_aulc_lr.ta_iilnVvC?ieu_. _m_-T_ImIhI_iCen_e_mI_Ip_IoUr_odUm_eCr_onHd--lo*- i "" CGo*, MM VaIrRin_CeUttCes, W. *is . U . DV c m ANEY R N O iarm in P a p e r Products C o, G" reen This ha. had the benefit of publicity. r m b t r ^ Common: MARY^E. BLAJtk.lt Kaukauna, large patronage in Montana, California,. Bay. W is.; MRS. HAZEL LEEDKE, R.N.. Ilnlmany . u p w several other states. fMiiWWIiSs.. _ Tmhe same is true of the rad-io. "Wh , c j; i^ _ n n R O T H Y FUNK. K .N , Falls Paper Co, Oconto l-alls, Wis. adio became popular in the 1920's, a Ca K f" U , t , r H<fdoo-DOROTHY FU N P, Chical.0, ornia physician. Dr. Albert Abrams, a fngram Committee: H A PPY BRUDER R .N , ( airina i , PAULINE ounced hi, " E.R.A."--Electronic Reactfc, f Abrams--claiming that he could diagne H ELEN MERCER. R-N, Dodge MIg. ^ `f J L FR d m Fairbanks Morse Co, Beloit. W is.; MRS. JO S E P H IN E JO . rom a drop of the blood, and that \ n nt I *, Tvlevraoh Co Miami, Fla. isease had "vibratory" rates. Abrams h * R-N. Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Go . M . an y imitators, among whom was a chii ^ ractor in Los Angeles named Ruth Drow ' Committee: MRS. M URIEL K NU PK E, R .N , National Biscui o , . , fDC D IITH McCARTHY R N , National Broadcasting Company, Chicago, III.. ! uDr r J f s r t SkSS * o-- *. . f a>i^ ; S T T - S , ? i i S S u K American Medical A ssn, Chicago. I ll, There are many other categories in whi , Antioch, Calif., M . J p. . p r c Kaukauna, Wis. ie quack flourishes--in the field of redo ;t MRS. H AZEL LEEDKE, R-N, Thlltnan F " lp A Paper G o, Kau . ig preparations, arlhrilis and rheuinalii .... r w o e V IRGIN IA W H A LEN , R.N. (Chairman). Liberty Mu- ures, rejuvenators, the special dietary fowl E*"0* Ards Comm MARGARET CARNINE, R .N , Trailinobile Inc, ,,d the cure-,., gadgets. I. w a, Vol.ai, tual Insurance C o C h . e a g o IR ; MARGARCT CAR F u .. IO s9 1aIIiUd t( hH aa tl tl hl l ve qf |Uu4avcKk wW ailsy bU ov lrn11 wW hllvefnfl l1b*1 ` Cincinnati. O hio; MRS. FRANCES COLW ELL, . , Health Chicago. III. v--i--k--n-a-v--e---m--e--t--t-h--e first fool. -The 'Burea MRS M | l DRED MOORE. R .N , Bur. of Nursm*. IB. Depf. of IlcallH. GUn g . > Iandveeqsutiagtaetiodnefihnaitsionne, vfeerelainccgepttheadt thifattha `Of the Job Committe# VERNA PASKUNA. R-N. (Chairman). Owens-Illinois Glass rson had some knowledge, it would b ' L u i n e r D iv, Streator. III.; H EL E N REISCH L., R N , Employers Mutuals of are difficult for the quack to fool him Wausau, Wausau, Wis. , . bat is the premise upon which Ihc Ilureai s operated, and hopes lo o|icralc in thi Medical Advisor ,o the S rC o n -A R T H U R K. PETER SO N . M .D, Medical Director. lure R. R. Donnelly & Sons Co, Chicago, 111. I SUif R efre'entative-JA U E S. W EIR. R .N , National Safely Cnuncil. Chicago. 111. Tv STANLEY, R.N.; MRS. BERNARD1NE B A R IIO I. 18 General Chairman 19 ) H I National Safety Congress >lion of the necessity to analyte more mpletelyf t Does Ihia mean hat employee! don I take pecific action becauie they don't analyte loperly or became their evaluation of the arard lead them to believe that nothing ,,uch serious can happen to them or beiue they think they might be censured or being too cautious or taking too long o do a job) . ... These are some of the questions for which , e are now seeking some answers. We loot have them yet, but we are working on (hem. ) ;$ 0 0 0 * 1 0 1 In conclusion, we feel that our serio injury index is a step forward m prevention activities. It has helped "* re our sights on the gdal of preventing taj rather, than solely on the prevention of of time from work. It may not be t ultimate solution to the injury prevent problem, but it is a step in the right din lion. In addition, the use of the Opera! Research group adding its time, efforts a talents to the safety problem has been p ductive and will be more so In the Iuu OFFICERS O F THE PETROLEUM iSECTH NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL .1957-58 'rur_al Chairman--PARKER C. FO LSE, safety dept.. Socony Mobil Oil co.. Inc.. York. N. Y. Se-Generol Chairman--WM. F. BURRIS, Phillips Petroleum co.. Bartlesville. New Okla. feretory--F. C. W ILSON, American Petroleum Institute, New York, N. Y. Suf R t f m e n lalive--L. C. SM ITH , National Safety Council,1Chicago, III. Vut-Chairman fo r Production and Drilling--S. ROSS CARR, Gulf Oil corp. Houston. OFF-THE-JOB ACCIDENTS Statistics are such boresome things And figures rather dull. It's hundreds, millions, billions, trillions. Over which we mull. But facts are facts where 'er we go Regardless of amounts. So here's some facts on accidents, And that's what really counts. It isn't always big machines With blades of sharpened steel That rob a man of arm or leg And make his senses reel. Nor is it always "on the job" Most accidents take place. But just the opposite is true And figures prove our case. It's carelessness in little things A t home and on the street Neglect in moving objects small Away from running feet. A makeshift ladder, sliding rugs. Electric cords that spark A disregard for cellar stairs And stumbling in the dark. Crossing where no crossings are While looking at the sky, Driving on a slippery road With milestones w hining by. These re the things that loke a toll We all should frown upon So watch for then when oil the job. As well as when you're on. --Humble Pipe L in t Company, Houston, Vkt Chairman fo r Marketing--G EO RGE B. BLACK, Sun Oil co., Philadelphia. Pa. Vice-Chairman fo r Pipe Lines--A. L. GARNER. Gulf Oil corp.. Houston, Tex. Pin-Chairman for Exploration-- Pi. ROSS ROMMEL, Humble Oil & Refining co. Houston, Tex. `Vet-Chairman fo r M anufacluring-G . J. GERHARZ. The Pure Oil co.. Lenoni. HI. \Viu-Chairmon Off-The-Job S a fe ty - L E E F. DOUGAN, Sinclair Oil & Gas co.. Tulsa, da. Lkmrm ritta,,tic D ivision-A . J. BALDW IN, Ethyl corp. New York, N. Y. firm a n Mid Continent D ivisio n -H . P. BRADLEY, Service Pii* Line co. Tulsa, Okla. an Gulf Coast D ririon-Q U IN C Y V. TUM A, The Texas co.. Houston, Tex. Unarm Great Lakes D ivision-A . E. JO H N SO N , safety director. Illinois Farm Simply, j Chicago, III. I karman Pacific Coast Division, M. T . HAM ILTON. General Petroleum corp., Los I Angeles, Calif. ' J kimrm p.,,mneeri,,,, C om m ittec-H . V. W A TTERS. Pan American Petroleum corp. j Oklahoma City, Okla. j ! -human Erj.ui/ Aids C om m illce-R . d | KIIEKLY, Standard Oil co. ( Indiana). Chicago, T 111. \ karman Contest and Statistics Commillrc--JO H N !.. DuFOhf, Socony Mobil Od co.. : Inc., East Chicago, Ind. In'rimm Health C o,,nittce-DU. I). I). REEVE, Standard Oij co. (Indiana). Chicago. IB. < msletter Editor--H A R R Y BRITT. The Atlantic Refining co.. i'ort Arthur. Tex. -istmi Newsletter E ditor-G . F. STED N ITZ. Universal l'ohchem MIg. Division of f~Univ'--at Oil Products co.. McCook'. III. [540 V, 1957 A Softly Congress V Research and Advuory Committee--*C. I I LINIHIERG (Chairman), co. Independence, Kan.; ` FRED CLAIUOUNE, Pan Amene T ul, O kla; *). H. McKENZIE, Socony Mobil Oil co.. New* DcLAUNE, Cities Service Refining corp.. Lake Charles, La.; *WAL` Oil co., Marcus Hook, Pa.; *C. D. ATTAW AY, chief safely < ical corp., Marshall, Tex.; *W. O. W ILSON, Standard Oil cot.v*( FARRELL, Shell Pipe Line corp.; *D. A. KLEM ME, Pan American *W. I. KENT. Magnolia Petroleum co.: *J. HOW ARD MYERS, ` ing co.; *J. L. RISINGER, Socony Mobil Oil co., Inc.; *H. T. M Petroleum co.; *F. R. McLEAN, White Star div., Socony Mobil Oil MILLER, The Texas co.; *C. J. NOUF.MANN, Shell Oil co.; *]. R . Water Associated Oil co.; *11. W. ROGGESS, Sinclair Prairie BKEELAND. Lone Star Gas co.; ` It. U. ROAPER, Humble Oil ` GERALD O. LOCKWOOD, Continental Casualty co.; ` GEORGE?; consultant; *E. J. SEN N E (Retired). Past General Chairmen ltV a.' fi so ) i I I I t : ) i 11 .1 I .. I . I K V :ers o f t h e ) MINTING AND PUBLISHING SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNClj. 1957-58 ! Chairman--WALTKK It. SM ITH , manager, cmplojcc activities and fairly, R. R. hdltjr & Sons Co., Chicago, 111. ia Chairman--Kl-'.NNKTII Y. UM IlKliGItlt, personnel manager, Kingsport I'res*. rXingsport, Tcim. 1 II l i k i Chairman--PA U L L. O 'N I'.II.I, iicrsonncl an^l safely director, Rami Me* f ft co., Hammond, 1ml. | -DAN H. GROTHAUS, safely director, McCall c'urp, Dayton, Ohio. Editor--GORDON 11. UOSUKRG, fairly dircrlor, Rirhlcr MrC'all Si Co, III. Nnvslellrr Ldilar--KARL SIM PSON , li t, director of safely and itoloslrial . holding Paper l)u.i Assn, Chicago, III. i I'ragram Chairman--CIIARLKS SIIAPIRO , manager, educational drpl, l.ilhoiic Technical l-'uuiidation, Inc, New York, N .Y. > 000'103 '3 t1 m r . . l l 5/rly C o n g r t js are to work, in company with their fore man, who would point out the safe and efficient way to do the job. The foregoing orientation and safety education program is obviously not sug gested for boomers or drifters who will hit the road with their first paycheck. Rather it is intended for the "home guards" who can be expected to stay on the job tong enough to justify the time and money expended on them. It would be followed up at intervals with evening safety education sessions, using audio visual aids. Since the average 20 to 24 minute film leaches more lessons than can be ab sorbed, combining the running and re running of short sections of a training film with the discussion-conference tech nique. Is advocated. As an example, the Rarig Motion Picture Company of Sail reproduces the sound-color film "H d il Logs" which they mstdtMte#* tbs U i | Columbia, Pacific N orthwest sad wood Loggers Associations, 1st sis minute sections. They publish a filing of questions and answers for each and a "Conference Leaders' Maai accompany the films. The smalt operation, or the i which new men come singly. M i more of a problem. However the saasjt jectives of orientation and safety tfc tion, accomplished by individual fgi sion, rather than group session!, m improve labor relations and m woods safety. This is only a prtas* to the most important on-the-job training under a safety-minded visor.-Ak 000-4 ? ' CO I FICFRS O F THE ) \i n * ' PULP AND PAPER SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 r . i I Chairman--EARL F. RIPSTRA , personnel manager. Container Corp. of America. to. III. f Chairman and I'rogram Chairman--II. (I. ItHI.k NA Iric rso n n rl manager, llcmis Urn. | Co., East Peptierell, Mass. tiler Editor--GEORGE R. MKRHIMAN, safely coordinator, International Pa|>er i Southern Kraft ITiv., Moliilc, Ala. | and Mrmbirthif' Chairman--IJ. V. IIII.L, safety director, Tlte Mrail t.nrp.. I ort l)iv,, Kmgsimrl. Tcnn. xt- M MEMBERSHIP REPRESENTATIVES 1L a in --' ARTHUR CARLE, safely director, Tltc Northwest Pa|icr In .. t'logocl, urn.; EatI--*H. P. HEUBNER, insurance manager. The Flinlknie Co., New York, I,Y.; South--' DALLAS E. HENRY, safety coordinator, Southern Advance Rag alion. Continental Can Co., Inc., Hodge, l.a.; ( 'mini--' DOUGLAS I* ('H A N 'T , unary-engineer, The Ontario Pulp ti l `n|ier Mahers' Safetv A " . I*-'m.>. thn uda; Midivcet--' FRANCIS II. WAGNER, director of safety, I lie Md t p. Ilicotlie, Ohio; W est--ROBERT M. GILMORE, general safety supervisor. Hay, Inc., Hminiam, Wash. 1Advieor--DR. A. P. A SSELSTIN E, medical director. Spruce l,'alls Power anti : Co., Ltd., Kapuskasing, Ont., Canada. ' Erojeets Committee: Chairman: GORDON B. LEM KIi, research engineer, EmMuluals of Wattsan, Wausau, W is.; LAM BERT I.OUY, safety director. Con* r Cotp. of Ametiea, Chicago, III.; ' A. F., MINOR, safely supervisor. The Onlarioola Pulp and Paper Co., Ltd., Kenora, Ont. Canada; D. L, EISENACH, safety ir, Minnesota and Ontario Pa|ter Co., International Falls, Minn.; RUSSELL E. safety director. The Crossctl Ctv, Crosselt, A rk.; ROSS E. SCOTT, assistant secretary-engineer. The Ontario Pulp It Paper Makers' Safely Assn., Toronto. .Canada; FORREST K. KIMMELL, safety It medical director, Sutherland Paper Kalamaioo, Mich.; KARRIS K. W ILLIAMS, assistant coordinator of safety, ern Kraft Div., International Paper Co.; Pine Rtuff, Ark.1 1Committee: Chutmum; A. SCOTT DOWD, president, F riu Publications, flic., ago. III.; *J. FRED BERRY, general insurance manager. Alton Box Board Co.; 111.; ' HARLEY II. GOODRICH, maintenance engineer, Strathmore Paper Co.. Springfield, Mass.; JAM ES N. CONAWAY, manager of safety ft plant prolcc- ! Industrial Dept., Scott Paper Co., Chester, Pa.; "FR ED O. SOUGI1TON, serv- t safety supervisor, LongLac I'yip ti Paper Co., I .id.. Terrace Bay, Ont., Canada; ADAIR, coordinator of safely activities. Pacific Coast Assn, of Pulp and Paper ufacturers, Portland. Ore. j 61 I * IS WOOD LOGGING DIVISION I vision Chairman: FRANKLIN LARRAUEE, assistant director of personnel--Wocij lands, St. Regis Paper Co., Uucksporl, Maine ..Xc,T r c---;.^ s s s z s r j s i ,Wnation Commilltr: Chairman: T. C. DONNAN. safely supervisor. Spruce Fa| Power & Paper Co., Ltd., Woodlands. Kapuskasing, Ont., Canada; LEO ST. DENtf woods employment supervisor, Abitibi Power & Paper Co., Ltd., Iroquois Falls, 0*^ Canada; EDWARD C. CORDON, stall forester, Louisiana Forestry Commission, Batj Rouge, La. tmal Aids Committer: Chairman: R. C. HAMMOND, safely engineer. Employers oats of Wausau, Dululh, Minn.; H. GORDON BARRETT, safety inspector, _ Ontario Paper Co. L td, Thorold. Ont.. Canada; CARL G. STRICKLAND, assist* wood procurement manager, Gaylord Container Corp., Die. of Crown Zellerbach CotJ Bogalusa. La.; PAT REITEN, personnel manager, Simpson Logging Co., Portland, O CH1PC0, safely director. W . R. Grace & Co.. Lima. 1 e ra ^ 1\ B's M a n u fa c tu rin g C_m im n.t..c t . C/w.._rm_ roAn.HCI AIKLLAJ.MUBERTH. personnel DmRanargear r&l f 1 America. Chicago, 111.. JACK W A LL, pe i . HENRY KVIN- i ^Folding Box Plant. American Bo* Board Co Grand R a p * . M id .^ H tN K * M t US. safety director. Cornell Paperboard Prodm 's Co.. Milwaukee. Wi . fesra.&xT&zjunusv. I Insurance manager. The Flmlkote Co.. New York. N. Y. *-.-- DIP MANUFACTURING DIVISION 'vision Chairman: HARRY J. HAHN, safely supervisor. Hammermill Paper Co.. Etij| Pa. L a ,io n M u r i n g C ^ l c c t a m i r ^ ^ -.Wood Conversion Co.. Cloquet. M u m . ; AMOS S. KI-CN. man. ^ MATTSON, 'safely su^r^sor*'l^"uliieeP,D i v J ^ ,im|lc*ola0 nnil O n.irio P a.X Co. Inlernaliona. . alls. Miration Committer: Chairman: W. B. BALLINGER, safety coordinator, Brunswig 1 Pulp & Paper Co, Brunswick. Ga.; ROBERT W. WOOD, stall safety superviseH Kimberly-Clark Corp, Neenah. Wis.; JAM ES E. EM M ERICH, safely director. Mo 1 net Paper Mills Co.. Mosince, Wis. 'sual Aids Commillrt: Chairman: CHARLES R. HAGAN, safety manager. Oafot Paper Co. Rumford. Maine; OTTO WAGERS, safely supervisor. The Champw Paper and'Fibre Co.. Pasadena. Tex.; P H IL IP L. DANDRIGE. safety coordinate Sonoco Products Co. Hartsville. S. C ; SAM BLACKWELL, safety superv.sor..OUj Mathieson Chemical Corp. Forest Products D iv, West Monroe. La. ` Minn. L r . I1.,,U D h , CmmUUts C M -- ' '*01- '* TM Pk W ..k l HARTLEROAD, 1 , 0 ' . C , S .. STRACHAN, plant manager. Fihreboard I apcr I rod c p. lofM HE-JOB SAFETY DIVISION SDWmm C h a irm e n : LEO M. SH AW , manager C Si C Plant ^ ^ ^ "T " '! F , . i . M l. ^ . " e AIST. TAPER MANUFACTURING DIVISION - Division Chairman: ROBERT J GELL. stall assistant. Paper Mills Div., Eastman Kodti Co., Kodak Park Works, Rochester, N. Y. j Publication Committer. Chairman: MERLIN C. RACE, safety director. St. Regis Papq Co, New York, N. Y.; M. C. M. POLLARD, director of safety. National Gypsum Co. Buffalo N Y A. E. TOPMILLER, safely supervisor. The Champion PPr "T Fibre Co., Hamilton. Ohio; RALPH E. MYERS, safely supervisor. Cl.illicothe DiVj I Grand Rapids Midi. L # R ep rese n ta tiv e--ROBERT CURRIE. National Safely Council. Chicago. IIL P u t General Chairman. The Mead C ot*, Chillicollie. Ohio. 1| Piruol Aids Committer; Chairman: GEORGE A. LaIIU SEN . general safety supervise Crown Zellerbach Corp, Portland. Ore.; JA M ES M. `MN^ T O N . J R . ^ m l safety supervuor, C.ossett Paper Mills, Crossett. A rk.; H ARRISON J- DATM > secretary. Industrial Relations Committee. American Paper and Pulp A ssn, New Yortj N. Y.; FRANK C. HARMON, employment m a n a g e r . Hollingsworth & Vose Co, Westj Grolon, Mast. 0C0.105 FAFER CONVERTS DIVISION Division Choir V. P. COULON, safety director. The Sealright Co . In c, Fulton. N.Y; (0 6J ) Jatienol Softly Congrrit i terminal it at Meadville, Pa., where chairman ol the division superini's w itty committee. (All such activthc railroad comes within the juris- i ol our superintendent of safety), are 400 employees In 1(* sub-departtlial are contacted each month at ations where they can be readily as&. The committee is made up of the -partmental heads ol the local opera PROGRAM SET-UP chairman sets dates for meetings and i the members, as well as sends no to all departments for bulletin board ip The notices carry tile time for the ngs and the subject matter to be con d. Diversified material is used; howonly one subject is taken up each l., eg -- view of preceding year's safety posters, rtking on safety rule books and their sage. >per clothing and health protection, inkegiving, Christmas, New Years, or ny special holiday can provide suitable <ipics lor safety talks, as well as the >easuna of the year, vacation, school pening, etc. >ce a year a motion picture on safety it shown and the following month a discussion on the film creates interest, cry possible angle that can be used cep a fast-moving, 20-minute, safety ng on the chosen subject is employed leale human interest, ear the close of each sub-departmenlal ing. a short discussion period is held s status report on items brought for.1 Irom preceding month's meetings, lilional items requiring attention are ited and only safety items that cannot immediate correction are considered for the summary report given lo the division If superintendent. Handling in this ipM " ~ * ' list of items is kept to a minimum---dude those requiring further study and in a few instances require appropriations which must be approved before corrections can be made. l [QFNCERS yjp THE RAILROAD SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL^ 1957-58 __I Chairman--J. LLOYD, Jersey Central Lines, Jersey City. N. J. DIVIDED INTO GROUPS The functioning of the committee is sim ple. Ordinarily there are 12 members who j make the rounds and this number is di vided into three groups of four members ( each, referred to as Groups A, B, and G ' All members present themselves at the first . location. Immediately with the start of this _ meeting, or the subsequent meetings. Group A moves forward to the next location to ,1, assemble employees and introduce any pte- h liminary feature or arrangement in anlicipa- [ tion of Group B. J The talk or message is handled by Group i B as are the discussion periods. Instances . where more lime is required than the sclied- uled 20 minutes. Group C slays on to dear ' up safely items that become involved during the discussion period. The success of the meetings depends greatly on a functional and well-balanced schedule, and the divid- 1 ing-up of the Committee into the three ' groups has been very effective. The primary objective of the work of this committee is to encourage employees to actively participate in the safety program to correct the causes of accidents, and help correct unsafe practices and conditions re gardless of department which becomes in volved. In this safely promotional work, maintenance of equipment and stores opera tions are so involved with the safety of every department that it Is fell greater bene fits are obtained through a committee repre senting all operations. Possibly this pro cedure would be of value at other railroad lerminals-dtc Chairman--L. C. H AH NEY, Elgin, Joliet St Eastern Railway co.. Joliet, IIILfary and N tu L tlltr E d ito r -F. C. LEW IS, The Pullman co.. Chicago. III. The Louisville * Nashville R a i l e d co ^ u i , ville. Ky. p. H . JE N N E R , The Western Pacific R.Rco., S*n Fr"nc'* '0,f ? ? ' |tl 1 fruirai_T E. SLAVEN, Chicago, Burlington It Quincy R. R. co., Chicago, I . I r , , , _ 1 BABCOCK Bangor St Aroostook R. R. co.. Bangor, Marne It* * .. ' ._p | | K NIG H T St Louis Southwestern Railway Lines, ryler, | K " g . B E L D H A R T o ro e to . Hamilton & Bollalo Ry. co.. Hamilton. Ontario I U . KR. R. corp., Albany, N. Y ., A. . K " w ... c-rir -r|ie Baltimore St Ohio L u irn b e & Iron Range Ry. - cDu' ^ ' 0 ^ S . A1bn.ic CoaM i R co., Wilmington. B N C -J R. TH EXTON. The Delaware. Lackawanna &Western Railroad c0>l1obok"'' 7 N .J .; D. E. MUMFORD, New York Central System, New York, N. Y. [ L i l l i i w . NAPE. The Norfolk and Western R* REYNOLDS Boston * Maine R a ih o a d c o U o sto u . ^ AWAV Tl.c ^ ^ all<J . ^ O ^ U n H l o ^ T nm k W - . R. R- co. , Detroit Mich.; C. A. DIRGE, Missouri-Kansas-Tcxas Lines. Dallas, lex. I n Yo-,kDT Y .; H ^ O N N ^ R T h ^ B i u l ' l ^ Ohio 1L R. B. A. GRUBBS, The Norfolk St Western Ry. co.. S i. Loui, South- The Chesapeake and Ohio Ry. co.. liie Southern Pacific co.. San , ^ c o R Cahfn; J. W. THOM PSON. Seaboard Air Line R. R . Norfolk. Va. jrkimy Railroad Crossing CommiHre-R. S. ^ M ^ j ^ Y ' ^ ^ ' c h a l r n . a n ) . Chicago. Grande Western R. R. co.. Denver, Colo. ,G . . . . . . w It ROBERTS. The Chicago Milwaukee/St. Paul St Pacific R. Baltimore St Ohio R. R. h t f s / T K / 'sv': T t N. C. 'e - . - , i Kr f; f T f ouikooSI WBhSWS !i <1 l | & > ^ C o n n e c tin g R. R. co.. Pittsburgh. Pa. T .S k , s . . . . V. ; K i , JO IIN >. A T T . TW U -- ^ J o o o -u ) , ICERS O F TH E ) SCHOOL AND COLLEGE CONFERENCE N ATIO N AL SAFETY CO U N CIL 1957-58 rfiw U n l fo r Schools and Colleges--LOW ELL II. FISH ER, Male chairman, North ICntral Association for Colleges and Secondary Schpols, University of Illinois, Urhaiia. o f the Conference--ZEN A S R. CLARK, administrative assistant, Wilmington Hie Schools, Wilmington, Del. fo r Elementary Education--VICTOR/ E. LEONARD, principal. North us School, Greenwich School District, Riverside, Conn. f Chairman fo r Secondary Education--NORMAN GORE, assistant superintendent of oil, Decatur, III. Chairman fo r Higher Education--JOHN W, IIILL, director. Workmen's ConipensaVtjos Insurance, Texas A & M College System, College Station, Texas. Chainnan fo r Driver Education--AMOS E. NKYMART, administrative head, lusliftote of Public Safely, Pennsylvania Slate Uni'.ersily, University Park, Pa. Chairman fo r Supervision and Special /Irens--IVAN J. STEHMAN, chief, Div. of cHighways and Safety Education, Stale Dept, ol Public Instruction, Harrisburg, Pa. mtsry--WAYNE P. H UG HES, director. School and College Division, National Safety [!Council, Chicago, III. I CONGRESS PROGRAM COMMITTEE -DALI BOR W . KRALOVEC, Philadelphia, Pa. jilsry--ALVIN E. H O U R, University, Ala. rr-C L A Y T O N W. D E M ENT. West Lafayette, ind.; O. J. DORR. Fond du Lae, SWi.; TOM S. GABLE, Pittsburgh, P a.; JAM ES J. G RIFFIN , Chicago. 111.; JO HN [T.HAACK, Davenport, Iowa; FRANK B. JEW SO N, Superior. W is.; RICHARD K. : KLEIN, Bismarck. N. 11.; CHARLES J. KRAFT. Jr.. Brooklyn, N. Y.; V.. D. McCl.URKIN, Nashville. Term.; H ELEN MANLEY, University Cilv, Mo.; PAUL W. SEAGERS. Bloomington, Ind.; LESLIE R. SILVKHNALE. E Lansing. Mich.; FRANK O. STANGEL. Milwaukee. W is.; MARTHA C. STEVENSON. PhiladelItua, Pa.; JO H N L. VICKERS, Frankfort. Ky.; MARY MAY WYMAN, Louisville. Ky.; W. C. YEAGER. Sioux City. Iowa. \ Representative--VIVIAN 1YEEDON. National Safety Council, Chicago, III. (CONGRESS PROGRAM COMMITTEE | -J. DUKE ELKOVV. Madison. Wis ,111. Staff Representative--MARIAN TELFORD, National Safety Council. Chif l?.l i Member/--MARK J. DONDERO, Cambridge, M ars.; PITH IA N S. P. Ky.; LONNIE GILLILAND. Oklahoma City, Old.; DEVONA$ Dayton. Ohio; JO H N T. HAACK, Davenport, Iowa; EARL D. HI* Cily; RALPH M. HEN DRIX , Columbia, S. C.; JO SEPH I I ___ Park, Pa ; STANLEY McKEE, Highland Park, III.; MARY RAPP N. Y.; J. J. SMALTZ. Manhattan, Kans.; A. P. SM ITH , J R , Jac': E. SPENCER. Malden. Mas*.; JO H N TAMMERYN. Tamp*. WHEELER. Louisville, Ky. t u t CONGRESS PROGRAM COMMITTEE Chairman--MAY HAZARD, llaintrnmck, Mich. Secretary--A. L. CUNNINGHAM, Gary, Ind. Members--HOMER ALLEN. West Lafayette, Ind.; FITH IA N S. FAR Ky.; HARRY I). FLETCHER, University Park. P a.; JO SEPH water, Fla.; It. W. JONES. Keokuk. Iowa; HELEN K. KNAND D. C ; RUTH JEW ELL. Raleigh. N. C.; HAROLD A. SEEKAMP Ky.; GLENN F. SH U PE . Springfield, Ohio; DARLEEN BELL1 Nashville. Tenn.; UERTIIA TRU N NELL. Louisville. Ky.; LEST1 St. Louis. Mo.; ELIZA CALLAS, Kensington, Md. if. Staff Representative--D AN IEL I'. W EBSTER, National Safely Council, ORfVER EDUCATION SECTION General Chairman--AMOS E. N EY HA RT, University Park, Pa. /inmediate Past General Clutirman--EDW ARD R. ABRAMOSKI, Erie; P Piee-Choirmtm--RUSSELL I. BROWN. Des Moines. Iowa. Secretary--THOMAS A. SEALS. New York Cily. Staff Representative--IVAN L. ELAND. National Safety Council, Chie ELEMENTART SCHOOL SECTION Charm!.--VICTOR E. LEONARD. Riverside, Conn. Pier-Chair.!.--STANLEY W . McKEE, Highland Park, III. Secretary--THELMA STOKES. Ajo. Aril. staff Representative--VIVIAN W EEDON, National Safety Council, HIGHER EDUCATION SECTION General Chairman--JOHN W. HILL. College Station, Texas Staff Reprtsenitilive- DANIEL P W EBSTER. National Salely Council, i SAFETV EDUCATION SUPERVISORS SECTION Gene 'liairman -IVAN J. STEH M A N , Harrisburg, l*a. Imm Past General Chairman--CECIL G. ZAUN, Los Angeles, CaliL m  *T" \" nnon--1IAUOLD K, JACK. ftirlimond, Va. jfljjffi'*'i 0 0 0 4 0 8 VIRGINIA W HEELER, Loninville, Ky. p j m tuntotive--CHARLES A. FRENCH. Nat il kC'* .vt J W } Council, Chicago, III. USS - - INDUSTRIAL ARTS ASSOCIATION-NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL COMMITTEE I ONALD PE TE R S. Arlington. Va. m m tolw t--W AYNE P. HUGHES, Itircvtor, School ami (nllciic Divinion, Safety Council, Chicago, III. -t VOCATIONAL ASSOCIATION-NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL SAFETY COMMITTEE :J. E. T E POORTEN, Mariinon. Win. | estnlalivt--WAYNE P. HUGHES, llircctor, jSdiool ami College Division. I Safety Council, Chicago, 111. FCTY COMMITTEE LYTON W. DE MENT. Lafayette, Iml. a--ARTHUR F. URANUSTATTER. E. Lansing. Mich. -JOHN MORRIS, Champaign. III. Irrrmfalivr--D AN IEL P. WEUSTER, National Safely Council, Chicago, III. M IO N COMMITTEE oa--JO H N W. HILL. College Station, Texas, ySteering CommiUtt--J. DUKE ELKOW, Madison, Win. wslnliw--DANIEL P. W EUSTER, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. kSCHOOL SAFETY H O N O R 'R O L L COMMITTEE on--ALFRED L. P A I 'IL L O N . Cllkngo. III. P. D. BEVIL, Sacramento. Calif.; RUSSELL I. I1ROWN. Den Moimn. Pa l . CUNNINGHAM. Gary, Iml.; MAY E. HAZARD. Ilamlramrk, Mich.; I JEWELL, Raleigh. N. C : WAI-TKIt D. LADI), St. loccpli, Mo.; FORREST Kfs New York Lily; GEORGE I*. SILVER WOOD, Green Ray, Win. ilalivi--JVAN I.. ELAND, National Safely Council, Chicago. III. j Committee [-HERBERT J. STACK. New York City. B/i/iw--DANIEL P. WEHSTER, National Safety Council. Chicago, ) 19)7 ffolioital Safrly Congrrit (rol. Once a year on llie last Sunday be fore July 4, a "Safely Sunday" is held in the stale lu rno|>eraliou* with the Okla homa Cily Ministerial Alliance, the I fifthwary Patrol prepares a kit of sermons, talks, messages and other material which is dis tributed to clergymen and others who take part in "Safety Sunday." This effort is non-secrelarian and highway patrol officers give sermons on traffic safety on this day. Clayton Hess of the California Highway Patrol described the California program to combat drinking and driving. A special pro gram each December is aimed at curbing the dangers resulting from Christmas office parlies. A variety of material is prepared including posters, leaflets, and special altcntion-getlcrs such as a reaction timer. Warren Taylor, health and safety dept, manager for the U. S. Junior Chanilicr of Commerce, discussed a project conducted by a Jajrcce rhaplcr in which a ucwspa|icr offered a prise to any driver who could slop his car within SO feet traveling at 35 m.p.h. The challenge was printed in the paper under a picture of burned lire marks on a pavement. Taylor reported that no one claimed the prize. Thomas C. llcnipficld of the Mansfield (Ohio) Police Department dcscrilicd a police-s|K>nsorcd, city-financeil "Safety Town" for pre-rcliool children. Children arc taught traffic safely both in classrooms and in a miniature "town" witli streets, sidewalks, traffic signals and markings. P. W. Craves, safety inspector for tinental Motors Corp.,' "Muskegon, described his company's traffic safety gram which Includes bulletin board carton cards, outdoor posters for | lots, place mats in the company and full-page ads in the local net Dan Hollingsworth, director of the< lioma City Safety Council, told of the hilling and distributing of a traffic manual in Oklahoma City. Linda Shuler described a television gram called "Aftermath" which lias si a great deal of interest in Dallas. Tbs gram takes an actual traffic case and tires it using real people, real judg(| police, rather than actors. W. J. Sturm of Hardware Mutai Stevens Point. Wis., described a safety project held in Stevens Ppint the coo|icration of the local taxi cab pany. The calls carry while flags will' Green Cross for Safety. If an occurs anywhere in the city, all the l carry a red flag for 48 hours. If a accident occurs, the cabs fly a black for one week as a constant reminder community. Mark Markson. Minnesota Highway I told of a summer camp maintained I American Legion fur the training of I patrol guards. Uolli boys and girls < tend a one week course at the camp t is fully equipped with camping faciliti o u o -u rj 66 fFlCiRS O F THE TRAFFIC SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957.58 il Chairman--M A TTH EW C. SIELSKI, director, safety and Iraflic engineering Apt, Cliicago Motor Club, Chicago, III. I, < Viet Chairman--BERNARD It. CALDWELL, commissioner, California Highway Patrol, Sacramento, Calif. ( lad P i Chairman--JO H N MURTAGH, chief justice. Magistrates Court. New York, p.Y . yfV ite Chairman--JA M ES M. SLAV IN, chief of |K>fice, Kabmatno, Midi, f Congress I'rogram Committee Chairman-- El )W a It I ) K. KLAM M , manager, ncci1prevention dept., Allstate Insurance cu., Skokie. 111. wkrtkip Committee Chairman--DAVID M. UALD^VIN, executive secretary, luMilulc 'Traffic Engineers. Washington, D. C. r al Large: KAY ASIIW OKT1I, director, Northwestern University Traltic lnitnte, Evanston. III.; RICHARD O. BENNETT, autunmlivc division, Airitlmf A l,irr Prevention dept.. National Association of Automotive Mutual Insurance compano's Chicago. Ilf.; T. N. 1J0ATI* manager, acrnlciM prevention dept, Association of Casualty k Surely companies, New York. N. Y.; PAUL E. BURKE, executive direct*, Maiy[land Traffic Safely Commission. Baltimore, Mil.; HENRY W t 'l.l-M ENT, m*ei-it.iir. Uunicipd Court, Plainfield, N. L; NORMAN DAMON, u r r prrM-fit.i. \nt> *.* in> ^Safety Eoundaliou, Washington, D. C .: M. K. DAKLINf'ITIN, III, oi*muiok [Inter-Industry Highway Safety Committee, Washington, I). (!.; IIUVIAN 1. III-NU KICK, itnlgc, Cily Cotirl, SIrevc|>orl, L a.; E. II. HOLMES* deputy commissioner, U. S. Bureau of Public Roads, Washington, I). C .; JO SEPH M. KAPLAN, secretary, nruger. Greater Los Angeles chapter. National Safety Council, Loi Angeles, Calif.; MASON LADD, lean. College of I.aw, Stair University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; 'ORTON W. MARSH, director, traffic engineering and safely department, American omobile Association, Washington, D. C .; RALPH A. MOYER, research professor, Imlttutc of Transportation ami Traffic Engineering, University of California, Iterkelcy. .Calif.; HALLIE L. MYERS, executive director, Indiana Traffic Safety Eoundatimi, Indianapolis, Ind.; T IM O T H Y J. O'CONNER, Commissioner of Police, Chicago. III.; B. W. PLETCHER, Traffic Safety Association of Detroit, Detroit, Mich.; K. C. SALISBURY, director, safety division. Motor Vehicle Department, Madison, W is.; ^ EDWARD SCI I EM)T, commissioner, Department of Motor Vchidcs, Raleigh, N. < : CORDON SHKEHK, director. Highway Traffic Safely Center, Michigan Stale Uni versity, East Lansing, Mich.; JO H N D. W ATTS, Judge of Recorders Court, Detroit, ^JJich. Diviriori BERNARD L. (AltM lltK, chief, Pnlirr Drpnrlmrnl, frTacson, Arir.; HAROLD W. SULLIVAN, deputy duct. Police Department, l.ns rAniehs, Calif. CaUrt Representatives: J. J. QUILLIN, judge. Municipal Court, Portland, O re.; MORRIS ROSENTHAL,.judge. Municipal Court, St. Louis. Mo. General Chairmen: J. K. P. DARKEI.L, director. Traffic and Planning, Minnesota Highway Department, St. Paul, Minn.; ROBERT E. RALEIGH, t ilirrm Traffic Safety Ubard of Metropolitan Cliicago, Chicago, III/ ry*-DANIEL G. REYNOLDS, director, TraTic 0|*cratinns division. Traffic ami jtTnroportation department. National Safety Council1, Chicago, tit. ! 67 FICERS O F THE * TRANSIT SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 19 5 7 -5 8 , jrof Chairman--D. L. W ILLIAM SON, supervisor of accident prevention, Cleveland Transit Syriern, Cleveland, Ohio. I Chairman--J. GODFREY BUTLER, direcloi) of personnel and labor relations, D. C. .Transit System, Inc., Washington, D. C. alt Past General Chairman--JA M ES S. OSBORNE, president and general manager. .Cincinnati, Newport & Covington Transportation Co., Newport, Ky. etary--JO E V. GARVEY, general manager, Harrisburg Railways Co., Harrisburg, I'a. tmbership Chairman--J. M. BUSBY, JR., safety director, Memphis Street Railway Co., Memphis, Tenn. I am Chairman--ELMER R. SCHUEM ANN, superintendant of transportation and ! afety, United Motor Coach Co., Des Plaines, III. ftembers at Large:--CARL J. ANDERSON, personnel director, Milwaukee and Siilnuhan J Transport Corporation, Milwaukee, W is.; HOW ARD M. BAKER, safely diirelor, Montreal Transportation Commission, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; R. DEWEY CAS SELL, general manager. Safety Motor Transit Co., Roanoke, Va.; TYRELL ESTEP, , afety director, Indianapolis Transit System, Indianapolis, Ind.; PAUL J. FANNING, director, Bureau of Personnel and Safety, San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco, Calif.; BERNARD C. HAMEL, supervisor of personnel, safety and welfare, Quebec-Autobus, L td , Quebec, P. Q , Canada; CHARLES E. K EISER, superintendent of transportation, Chicago Transit Authority, Chicago, III.; VAN ~ COURT LUCAS, administrative assistant. American Transit Association, New York, N. Y .; L EE MILLS, director of safety, Cincinnati Transit Co, Cincinnati, Ohio; il PAUL W. MOYER, general superintendent, Lehigh Valley Transit Co, Allentown, j? Pa.; J. W. PRUTSM AN, safety director, Los Angeles Transit Lines, Los Angeles, ' Calif.; MACHLIN E. STERNBURGH, director of safety. New York City Transit Authority, Brooklyn, N. Y .; PA TR IC K S. SIROIS. safely director, Miami Transit Co, Miami, Fla.; II. SU DDRRTH, safety director, Dallas Transit Co, Dallas, Te.; C R. SY l'HER, manager. Safety Engineering Department, Transit Casually Co, St. I Louis, Mo. ; RALPH T. TALB1! Fc'afety supervisor, Phoenix Transit System, Plioenix Aris. ; ELLIO TT A. T H IEL , director. Accident Prevention, Columbus Transit Co, Columbus, Ohio; J. L. W EEKS, general supervisor of safety. South Caro lina Electric and Gas Co, Columbia, S. C. Ceunirlore:--M. C. BULLOCK, supervising engineer. Transit Casually Co, St. Louis, Mo.; COLIN DOBELL, director. Transportation Safely & Training, B. C. Electric Co, Vancouver. B. C , Canada; ARTHUR J. NAQUIN, safety counselor. New Orleans Public Service. Inc, New Orleans, La.; H. W. WHITCOMB, superintendent accident prevention, Philadelphia Transportation'Co, Philadelphia, Pa. its# Representative--CHRIS 1MIIOFF, Motor Transportation Division, National Safely Council, Chicago, 111. 39 ) M O O D p r o d u c ts SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 I W n l C hairm an- R. C. CHILDRESS. National DWtilJer. Product, corp.. Cooperage 5 di, Memphis. Tenn. I * . u p d d f r T A LADWIG, Employer, Mutual, of < Viet Chairman and Program Cbairmun--HERBER ' Wauiau, Wausau, W i,. i Letter E d ito r -F. S. PERRY. B. C. Lumber M anufacturer. A , Vanamver. B. C . 9I Caimda, . -11( tlJ SI . T ff WORTH ltik Pin nd CellwoN X-td., Secretary and Membership C ha,rm an-T. E. NORTH. A ... n Vancouver, B. C , Canada. | KGIONAL REPRESENTATIVES . . I U k ,, - -R O Y E . JOHNSON. ^ "' ^ ^ 0"'C ; W - 1 SETH JACKSON, safety officer. U. S. Forest 5e r w ^ vva, Cmalia_ * W . M. I J Z . v -~ ~ . I ROBERT M. GILMORE, Rayonier Inc, Hh|uib". Wa .. \ d u r i n g C oordinator-ARNDT SKONNING. woodwork engineer. Western Electric 1 co, Cliicago, HI. 1 . . . I . p p i 1 (Chairman), Edward Hines Lumber co, ine*' I r d I n W ID D IE branch accident prevention m anger. M e n M utm * 000-111 ] u i , c. . I ] IW .A , Vancouver, B. C , C*na" . R S b ,W Co. Cooperage D iv, Peoria, 111.. 1 Idaho; W. E. LYNN ^ * * , * ^ F o r d r , . Univer.it, ol W -hington. I 1 PROF. J. KENNETH PEA^ V . J ^ J O E Seattle. W ish.; Advtsor to C om m ute*- T. DUNLOP, Dierks Forest, Inc. 1 DeQueen, Ark. __ . 1 ^ rn R D O N MERCER (Chairman). Algoma Pljrarood I Vmeer and Plywood . ^ ^ A N D L E R DREW . Medford corp. M ilo rd , 1 and Veneer co., Algoina, W ts., ** _. i _w York N Y .; H. F. MAP- J Ore.; B. E. KELLEY. United B. C , anada; BYRON M. 1 SON. Canadian Wcstcrn Lumber c F ^ B|(Jg Tacoma. Wash. J OYSTER, Weyerhaeuser Timber co., . ___ . ,, . t h OMAS H. FREDRICKSON (Chairman). ; T Furniture and Milltoork Comnn ee. RT L RICHARDS, American Seating Co, Anderson c o rp , Bayport. h "V'N' n i.D c o N Krochler M anufacturing C o , Binghamton, V Grand Rapids. M ic h ; V K ANDERSON Kro ^ ^ ^ ,, c . Ky. ft N. Y .; Advisor to Commuter-- 43 I I Terlile . r Manufacturing Committer--FRED L. SNODGRASS, safety dcperimou North American Rayon Corp., Elirabetliton. Term.; U. J. COLLINS, American Viscetu Corp., Nilro, West V a.; GUV BOOKER, safely supervisor, Oicmstrand Corp., P # j cola. Fla. Special Advisory Committee--*NEIL NELSON, American Mutual Liability In su ran tH co., Manchester. N. H .; HAROLD F. H A Y D EN ; JOHN J. BURGER, W. { S ; Dickey & Sons. Inc., Delia. Md.; *H. S. BAUCOM; *W. B. WEAVER, Spray, N . C V M ISS FRANCIS B E T H U N E ; *T. A. W ILSON, Textile Insurance co., High P e istM N. C ; GLENN G. FLEM IN G ; *H. E. W ILLIA M S; C. J. HYSLUP, u ( r t y l director, Chatham Manufacturing co., Elkin, N. C .; CHARLES L. TROMMEJuB^J safety supervisor, Moliasco Industries, Inc., Amsterdam, N. Y. ^Br? * S te f Representative--J. E. CROUSHORE, National Safety Council, Chicago. Par! General Chairman. S| 46 ) ) o oim s