Document 9Xa144xjmjB25vN9p2jVwbNL

PNYC00000097 PNYC00000098 - .iMteti&t PNYCO0000100 PNYC00000101 - PNVC00000102 if ''^'A 'jili SfaAW fin* th* <** rml. tong* into a kettle for melting down. Thus the reining begins. To the surface of the molten bullion, lime is added--ommon slaked lime, such 01 the builder uses. The temperature <s renca. and by agitation and the introduction of high pressure air beneath the surface of the bullion, the metal is '.'softened The lime then combines with the otjgnie and antimony present, forming a dross which floats to the surface and is readily skimmed away. These by-product metals ore. of course. sol* 9*4 9*4inr r wH> *e Jmm 9*4 em iimmod #. 9 >***r* tffK >| M*i vaged os was the copper, previously removed. Tk -- o i * ^ molten state can b pumped like water and is so 'r-s'vea to the desilverizing kettles where the gold and * >*' : moved. This i* accomplished by the addition of tine again forms a dross. This dross floats to the top and is skim--*a :-sv by hand and treated by another process to recover *~e osseous metals. The feed, with the exception of ifce zinc content, \ -aw ;am. Ormu tfriiwe mint end i nwnw a* 10 s* PNTCG0000104 wtor tt*c -t '** trim m g merciaily pur*. The zinc is oxidized off in a r*vrb*rofory <ur. nac* leaving commercially pgr* common lead from -rnieh Anaconda Whit* lead it mad*. This lad is aiso cast into p*gs or bars weighing 100 pounds and sold to make sheerlead, plumbers' supplies, cabl* sheathing, solders, and many other items of general use. THf IfAO used to make Anaconda White lead is transferred to a special moulding kettle and there, under the most careful Qm fan* *t ttmmtrtid '#*--' 00 P*ttmd Ml #r ton * (*>' PNYC0000G106 <Ur E(m*e A. Sonny fo-rootor of *ho ofootto-thoof* <ml mit*o4 of htt* 'n 4 ero4v<tiom. 1 4 he worked out twelve original solutions of the Pythagorean Proposition, known to ait schoolboys q s `The Ounces Stumbling Block". MACHINERY* moving ports, electricity--the*# things fascinoted Sperry as a boy. His energy was tireless. He built everything from hom*mode windmills and glass-blowing outfits to fastmoving railroad hand cars. At the age of his career began n earnest---first with dynamos and arc lamps, then electric *oco^ motives and automobiles* better batteries* mining machinery-- the list of his accomplishments is too long to enumerate. During the World War his work for the U. $. Government was invaluable. Soon after, one of Sperry's many successful experi ments in the field of electro-chemistry led to a revolutionary new process--the electrolytic production of extremely pure white lead from common lead. This patented Sperry process s used today exclusively for making Anaconda White lead. TH1 SPCKXY PROCESS for making white lead is somewhat ^e same in action os the platers* ceil, lead is removed from an pNYCOOQOOlQt anode into solution, but insteed of plating out, it i* acted upon by other chemical elements to form white lead in the solution of the cell. The technical description on pages Id and 17 explains how lead, acted upon by electricity and chemicals, is turned into lead carbonate or white lead. The white lead formed in this manner is exceptionally pure. This reaction takes place in a concrete ceil, and as the white lead is made it is washed out of the cell by circulating solutions. t* W* xOmw ft im+mtnt mm <* wrfec* it u G>cvfft*9 tJv***** fwxn rfc* *Ai#* u .i *. Soch cell produce* about one thousand pound* of wnif --a o day. The onodes, or sheet* of lead, dissolve into so vt^on and ore replaced every tu#o day*. Commercially pure common lead stilt contains traces :sf me metal* that have been removed. These impurities, eve* ***$ minute quantities present, ore eliminated from n<re ecd produced by the Sperry process. Careful laboratory :isn-oi maintains a high-grade product of unvarying uniform.fv t* PNYC00000109 The Sperry Electrolytic White Lead Process A TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION TTHC Sperry electrolytic cert as operated to prepuce -*** 1 lead consists of a concrete ceil in which are suspended ead anodes and insoluble iron cathodes. The cothodes ore easea n porous fabric envelopes which act at diaphragm, separating the electrodes. Through the compartment formed by the fabric envelope surrounding the cathode is circulated the catholyre. This electrolyte contains sodium acetate and a large amount of sodium carbonate. The cert tank is filled with the analyte which circulates around the submerged anodes and the outer surface of the diaphragm. The analyte contains sodium acetate and only attract of sodium carbonate. Each electrolyte is maintained in rapid or. cutarion about its electrode. The circulation systems of the two electrolytes are entirely independent* and no communication exists between the catholyte and analyte save througn the diaphragm of the celt. The cell is placed in operation by passing direct current through the cell. Carbonate and hydroxide ions migrate under the influence of the current from the catholyte through me dia phragm to the anoiyte; at the same time electrochemical auv- 16 PNrcooooouo oUnt omowfi of lead *ns dissolve from m surface ef **e anodes and pots momentarily into solution -n the analyte. Since the anion* are more mobile than the cations the plane .n ni<n the ions meet is quite close to the surface of the anode, `n mis plane precipitation take* place, and white lead -t farmed. Oue to a slight seepage of cathalyte through me diapnrcgm me anion* are transferred to the analyte in amount* <n excess of the reaction requirements. Thi* result* in complete precipitation of the lead ions dittoed from the anode. The continuous flow of anoiyte removes the white 'ead ^:m the cell as fast as it is formed. From the ceil the anotyre fiows to o settler where the white lead is removed and the c:ecn overflow from the settlers is returned continuously to the ceil. The cathoiyte in its circulation external to the cell is carbonated to replenish the carbonate ion* and neutralize excessive nyerax* ide ions formed at surface of the eothode. The settled white lead is removed continuously from the bot tom of the settler to a filter where it passes through a countercurrent washing cycle to remove and recover the analyte solu tion. The washed white lead pulp is dried* ground and air floated, and is then barrelled in a dry pulverent form. A study of the cell reactions indicates that the formula for white Itod should be written Pb(COtPbOH)j and that this com pound is farmed through the reactions of the intermediate campounds PbtCOsHh and Pb(OH|;, The outstanding character istics of electrolytic white lead--exceptional purity. or:iiiont whiteness and uniformity--are due to the ease with ~n.cn ce*i reactions can be controlled and to the fact that in the ce*t am* the lead it dissolved from the surface of the lead onoae. z'^c' metals remaining an the anode surface in the form of a v--*. PNTCOOOO 0111 - PNYC00000112 Hut rtfary tllhf * Hrtwf ** mat* jf m ** Being precipitated chemically, the white lead is extremely *^ne. Anaconda White Load is to fine that 99c^ w*U past through a 325 mesh screen. leaving less than 1 ^ on the surface. A rotary filter completes the washing and removes all but 30^3 of the water. The filter cake is new in the form of a very sticky mass much like a heavy wet day. To maintain its whiteness and protect it from contamination by dirt in the air, it it dried beneath a hood on a metal hearth plate heated by steam. ' m Ater* et, me ww ie < an** ; left: 0mre wW- t< * 19 PNYGOOOOOUV &. PNYCOOOOOU5 PNrC00000tl6