Document 9JoNz9w22vd27DJNnDGR2gvmq

282 NOTES TO PAGES 17-18 rate of leukemia among radiologists; see Nikolaus von Jagic et al., "Blutbefunde bei Rontgenologen," Berliner klinische Wochenschrift 48 (1911): 1220-22. 18. Richard von Volkmann, surgeon-in-chief of the German army during the war of 1870-1871, in 1875 described scrotal cancers in men engaged in the manufacture of paraffin from lignite; see his Beitrage zur Chirurgie (Leipzig: Breitkopf und Hartel, 1875), pp. 370-72. Germans pioneered the study of benzene-induced leukemia: see Carl G. Santesson, "Chronische Vergiftungen mit Steinkohlentheerbenzin: Vier Todesfalle," Archiv fur Hygiene und Bakteriologie 31 (1897): 336-76; also Martha Schmidtmann, "Experimentelle Untersuchungen fiber die Wirkung kleiner Benzin- und Benzolmengen auf Atmungsorgane und Gesamtorganismus," Klinische Wochenschrift 9 (1930): 2106-8. 19. Johannes Mfiller, (Iber den feinen Bau und die Formen der krankhaften Gesdrwiilste (Berlin: Reimer, 1838); Rudolf L. Virchow, Die krankhaften Geschvmlste, 3 vols. (Berlin: Hirschwald, 1863-1867). 20. Arthur Hanau, "Erfolgreiche experimentelle Ubertragung von Carcinom," Fortschritte der Medizin 7 (1876): 321-39. 21. Kurt Rostoski, Erich Saupe and Georg Schmorl, "Die Bergkrankheit der Erzbergleute in Schneeberg in Sachsen," Zeitschriftfiir Krebsforschung 23 (1926): 360-84, where note is taken of the fact that Schneeberg's uranium miners could develop cancer ten to eighteen years after leaving the mines; also Otto Teutschlaender's discussion of the "Latenzstadium der Krebsentstehung" in "Die Berufskrebse (mit besonderer Berficksichtigung der in Deutschland vorkommenden)," Zeitschrift fur Krebsforschung 32 (1930): 614-27. 22. Jens Paulsen, "Konstitution und Krebs," Zeitschrift fur Krebsforschung 21 (1924): 126-28. 23. Karl Heinrich Bauer, "Krebs und Vererbung," Miinchener medizinische Wochenschrift 87 (1940): 474-80; Peter Karlson, Adolf Butenandt: Biochemiker, Hormonforschung, Wissenschafispolitiker (Stuttgart: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, 1990), pp. 126-32 and 184-86. 24. Charles Steffen, "Max Borst (1869-1946)," American Journal ofDermatopathology 7 (1985): 25-27. 25. Rudolf Roosen, Die Isaminblautherapie der bbsartigen Geschwiilste (Leipzig: Kabitzsch, 1930). 26. Theodor Blfihbaum, Karl Frik, and Helmut Kalkbrenner, "Eine neue Anwendungsart der Kolloide in der Rontgendiagnostik," Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen 37 (1928): 18-29. 27. Otto Jfingling, "Polyposis intestini," Beitrage zur klinischen Chirurgie 143 (1928): 476-83; Theodor H. Boveri, Zur Frage der Entstehung maligner Tumoren (Jena: G. Fischer, 1914), pp. 25, 41. 28. George Meyer, "Verhandlungen der Intemationalen Konferenz ffir Krebsforschung vom 25.-27. September 1906 zu Heidelberg und Frankfurt a. Main," Zeitschrift fiir Krebsforschung 5 (1907): vii-xxxvi. 29. The Zeitschriftfur Krebsforschung began publishing in 1904. The first gen eral cancer journal was the Revue des maladies cancereuses, published in France from 1896 through 1901; the Japanese journal Gann was established in 1907, and Italy's Tumori in 1911. Germany's Zeitschrift published regularly until 1944; publication resumed shortly after the war, and in 1971 the journal NOTES TO PAGES 18-21 283 changed its name to Zeitschriftfor Krebsforschung und klinische Onkologie. It was discontinued in 1978. 30. Leopold Schonbauer and Ema Ueberreiter, "Erlaubt das vorliegende statistische Material ein Urteil fiber eine Zunahme der Krebskrankheit?" Wie ner medizinische Wochenschrift 100 (1950): 556. The first internally lit endoscope (using a gas flame) was developed by Antoine Jean Desormeaux in France in 1865; an electrical version was produced by Josef Leiter in Vienna in 1879 (ibid.). The Nazi era sees the development of the world's first multiviewer colposcope (Polykolposkop), allowing several investigators to peer into the uterus at the same time; see Helmut Kraatz, "Farbfiltervorschaltung zur leichteren Erlemung der Kolposkopie," Zentralblatt for Gyndkologie 63 (1939): 2307 ff. 31. Katsusaburo Yamagiwa and Koichi Ichikawa, "Experimentelle Studie fiber die Pathogenese der Epithelialgeschwfilste," Mitteilungen aus der medizinischen Fakultdt der kaiserlichen Universitdt zu Tokyo 15 (1916): 295-344. 32. "It is of course possible that the [seventeen women Schonherr observed with lung cancer] had often sat in the company of cigar smokers and had thereby been forced to breathe substantial quantities of cigar smoke"; see Ernst Schonherr, "Beitrag zur Statistik und Klinik der Lungentumoren," Zeitschrift for Krebsforschung 27 (1928): 443. 33. "Mitteilungen," Monatsschrift for Krebsbekdmpfong 9 (1941): 23. In 1939 alone there were 180 German medical doctoral dissertations written on cancer topics; cancer was the subject of 3.5 percent of the 5,232 medical theses com pleted that year (ibid.). 34. Michael Hubenstorf, "Ende einer Tradition und Fortsetzung als Provinz. Die medizinischen Fakultaten der Universitaten Berlin und Wien 1925-1950," in Meinel and Voswinckel, Medizin, pp. 33-53. 35. Wilhelm C. Hueper in his Occupational Tumors and Allied Diseases (Springfield, 111.: Charles C. Thomas, 1942) noted that aniline dye cancers had generally been identified ten to twenty years after the introduction of dye pro duction into a particular country (pp. 470-71). The Mannheim pathologist Otto Teutschlaender constructed a remarkably similar argument in his "Arbeit und Geschwulstbildung," Monatsschrift for Krebsbekdmpfong 1 (1933): 106. 36. Hermann Holthusen and K. Englmann, "Die Gefahr des Rontgenkarzinoms als Folge der Strahlenbehandlung," Strahlentherapie 42 (1931): 514-31. 37. G. H. Gehrmann, "The Carcinogenetic Agent--Chemistry and Industrial Aspects," Journal of Urology 31 (1934): 136; compare also Wolfgang Hien, Chemische Industrie und Krebs (Bremerhaven: Wirtschaftsverlag, 1994), pp. 252-71. 38. Ferdinand Blumenthal, "Zum 25-jahrigen Bestehen des Deutschen Zentralkomitees," Zeitschrift for Krebsforschung 22 (1925): 97-107. The Zentralkomitee was originally called the Comite ffir Krebssammelforschung, re named in 1906 the Zentralkomitee ffir Krebsforschung. Honorary members of the original Comite included Rudolf Virchow/ Robert Koch, and, from Lon don, Lord Joseph Lister. Germany's first cancer research institutes were estab lished in 1903 (at Berlin's famous Charite hospital) and 1904 (at Heidelberg, on the initiative of the surgeon Vinzenz Czerny). Similar institutions had already been established in London, Moscow, and Buffalo. Britain established its own