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FILE NAME Manville JMA DATE 1964-1967 DOC JMA296 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Asbestos Research Report Newspaper Articles with Memo and Letter October 30 1964 EDSK MEMO PRESS RELATIONS - Scientific American Inquiry John Purcell editorial assistant on SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN MU 8 3900 telephoned to request background background information on product uses of asbestos fiber He stated he was working on an news releases he had received from his Conference of October 19 20 and 21. article being developed from New York Academy of Science Asbestos - Cancer In our own particular press relations interest in general and SCIENTIFIC AMERICAAN MERICAN editorial interest in particular we mentioned to Mr. Purcell that there were some disagreements between the doctors and scientists attending the conference regarding the content of the releases he had received Specifically Smathers statement and suggested situation Academy to clarify the situation that he fed his we mentioned to him the may wish to contact the own editorial interest Mr. Purcell stated that he sincerely appreciated our bringing this to his attention in as much as his editors are particularly interested in maintaining not wish to be scientific character of SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN party to publishing sensationalism and would We forwarded a Asbestos the Magic copy of Mineral the Smathers statement and a copy of to comply with his information request Wilt WiltWilt Wilt Wilt Wilt Walt Goodwin Scientific PRESTONS PRESTONS PRESTONS PRESTONS Scientific PRESTONS PRESTONS PRESTONS - Scientific oo in in John Purcell editorial editorial assistant of SCIENTIFIC telephoned to report statusstatus status and Cancer Re memo October OctobeOr ctober October 3030the) . forthcoming article AMERICAN on Asbestos Specifically he stated they are currently developing the article along a scientific line based on one or two of the papers delivered at the New York Academy of Science Conference held on October 19 20 and 21. He stated that the article would not utilize information contained in the three r leases distributed by the New York Acamedy but rely on comments taken from the various abstracts Specifically the article would concentrate on the statistical studies developed in the Asbestos Workers and the Thompson report He further stated that the article would not make specific conclusions regarding the connection between Asbestos and Cancer but would refer to the need for further investigations in this area Tentatively the article is scheduled for the December issue for his consideration for keeping and reiterated our offer to be of asbestos background material that may be us any at Walt Goodwin TE? Scientific American Circulation - 335,000 Readership- Engineers Scientists Technical Executives and informed laymen throughout industry and government caer 2 a ee Le) CanceCrancer . By JOSEPHINE - ROBERTSON ExpertsEye Asbestos in international at a three conference on the biological | it so solutions could be sought logically sociation of Heat and Frost Insulators and Asbestos Work- Alarm was found that 124 were fron cancer and 17 from asbestosis a disease from inhalation c Copyright 1965. The Plain Dealer Asbestos used in more than 3,000 American products from textiles to insulation hazards of asbestos spon- sored in New York by the. Academy of ' New York Sciences ONE IN A SERIES The United States uses more of the world's annual and flooring has recently become a subject of international concern as a cause of can- cer Inhalation of asbestos dust was said to be a rapidly grow- industrial ing health problem in the world's countries production of 3,055,000 short tons than any other nation For this reason a number of American scientists at the conference indicated that a thorough study of the ascancer problem was needed here in order to define g THE PLAIN DEALER January 121965 a Cleveland Cleveland Ohio Satisfactory information concerning the occurrence of sickness and death among American asbestos workers was said to be largely lack- ing or unavailable THREE NEW YORK re- searchers were able to study a small segment of the as- , cancer problem through cooperation of the New York and New Jersey locals of the International As- ers These researchers were Dr. Irving J. Selikoff Dr. Jacob Churg and Dr. E. Cuyler Hammond Dr. Hammondis director of statistical research of the American Cancer Society They investigated 307 con- secutive deaths of persons who were unioa members from Dec. 31 1942 and Dec. 31 1962. Of the 307 deaths it - asbestos dust These cause accounted for about 45 r the deaths The cancers were fun carcinoma 53 digestive trac carcinoma 35 mesotheliom a recently described asbesto of related cancer arising fror _ linings of the chest and at dominal wall cavities 9 an other cancers 27 The New York doctors cor Continued on Page 5 Col. 1 ar is a we ee ae I eet ae ee CR Le we ee vor oar y Cancer Experts Eye Asbestos Perils -' From First Page junion maintenance or Over half of the industrial with significantly high mortal- sprayed insulation workers plants in this country lackity lackity rates from lung disease or recently by cluded the lung cancers the those who do insulation basic industrial hygiene con- This was reported work as members of other J. mesotheliomas and probably trol measures The most seri- Dr. Robert Anderson chief : 34 of the digestive tract unions such as longshoremen can ous deficiency is in the pro- of the Bureau of State Serv- cers appeared to be ship signifi- builders burner and vision of adequate preventive ices of the U.S. Public Health boiler cant complications of asbes- repairmen railroad measures in small plants of Service sheetmetal workers laborers tos inhalation and others in various less trades than 500 employes which Workmen listed as having thirds IN THE UNITED STATES accounts for two There is almost no informa- of the significantly high lung cancer national work force one in six deaths from all tion about the effects of as- mortality rates were black- statement causes is from cancer Among The above products on American smiths forgemen hammer- bestos the asbestos insulation work consumers and those incident- from the report of a commit carpenters auto me- ers studied more than one in ally exposed to it tee formed at the request of chanics and repairmen metal three deaths was from can Surgeon General Luther . molders construction paint- cer j SOME RESEARCHERS report evidence From such circumstantial from foreign countries evidence the need for ed protec development of cancer in tion of such workers from in- wives of asbestos workers Terry to develop a programers to improve environmentaliers health The committee headed by Dr. Paul M. Gross programers paperhangers and giaz environmentaliers plumbers and pipefitters stationary engineers tailors and furriers tinsmiths cop- halation of asbestos becomes who washed their husbands professor of chemistry Duke persmiths and sheet metal : . clear clothes in dry cleaners who University spent a year on workers operatives in pri- These workers represent handled such clothes in peo- the assignment mary metal industries only one small sampling of ple living in the neighborhood One of the committee's rec elevator operators and : the thousands who are ex- of asbestos factories or along ommendations will be carried An occupational health sec- posed to asbestos They were the route by which asbestos out with the establishment of tion in the report by Dr. ~. said to be primarily engaged was hauled a national center for environ- Gross committee concluded . in construction work in which The asbestos industry is mental sciences for an en- There is a widening gap be they have relatively light in only one of many believed to hanced and major national ef- tween the new materials be- termittent exposure to asbes involve increased cancer fort in environmental health ing created and an under- containing insulation ma hazards to workers and the The center will cost more than standing of their effects on terials public that are being handled 25 million It will be situated living systems . . . The indus- They did not include non inadequately or not at all on a acre tract in South trial worker is first exposed Carolina in the Raleigh to the chemicals thatexposed find i Chapel Hill area it was their way into home use announced last week Industry is the incubator community wide investiga- IT IS BELIEVED that scarcely the surface has been scratched in uncovering American occupational dis - case hazards During the past year an analysis of lung cancer mortality by occupation for problems of more farreaching consequence and alert scientifically sound and unbiased investigations of oc- cupational health problems can provide bases for later - tions . in the entire United States Personal has revealed 11 occupations Next The Smog.o o : met . moagyeci: S May 11 1966 ASBESTOS RESEARCH Asbestos Textile Institute 1961 1961 - M representatives first made presentation and proposal to the A.T.I. Health Committee and Board of Governors concerning a U. S. Public Health Service study of the health factors in the asbestos textile industry 1963 A.T.I. agreed to participate and discussions with U.S.P.H.S. to undertake the study were had 1964 The engineering studies at the participating plants began 1965 Participating companies supplied cations employment history data per U.S.P.H.S. specifi- In June Certain Flintkote and Manville agreed to participate in the study of employees in the asbestos cement operations S. Public Health Service Public L. J. Cralley M.D. reported at the 1965 American trial Hygiene Association meeting the planning and mentation portion of this study Indusinstru- Dr. Cralley will present a paper at the Pittsburgh of the I.A.H.A. next week covering the progress of study and observations to date meeting the He is preparing a paper Conference in September for presentation at the Vienna 1966 before the 15th International Congress of Occupational Health The U.S.P.H.S. Foundation for asbestos fibre has contracted with the Industrial Hygiene animal experimentation on the effect of contaminance II DD rr . . I. J. Selikoff Dr. Selikoff in 1960 received a grant from the Asbestos Workers Union to study the health Jersey metropolitan area of union members in We understand this the New covered York approxi- mately 1,500 insulation workers In 1961 Dr. Selikoff visited Jeffrey Mine contacted Research Dr. and K. W. Smith and Manville plant subsequently In 1964 Dr. Selikoff chairmaned and ference on the Biological Effects of New York Academy of Sciences presented Asbestos papers at sponsored the Con- by the In 1965 Dr. Selikoff made numerous hazards of asbestos and Fiber Glass presentations concerning the through several communications media In 1966 a U.S.P.H.S. grant was made to Dr. Selikoff at Sinai Hospital Research Center of 350,000 to study the asbestos in the general public his Mount effect of III Quebec Asbestos Manufacturers Association 1957 - Through M instigation sponsored an Epidemiological' Study of Lung Cancer in Asbestos Miners This was through the services of the Industrial Hygiene Foundation 1960 - Participated in study proposal the A.T.I. discussions of the U.S.P.H.S. 1965 - Developed the concept of Q.A.M.A. Research Institute 1966 - Established the Asbestos Health Research Council K. V. Lindell and Ivan Sabourin were appointed as the principal directors Appointed a development of Scientific Committee and direction of the with responsibility for the research efforts composed Dr. George W. Wright Chairman - outstanding physiologist at St. Luke's Hospital Cleveland Ohio Dr. Daniel Braun Medical Director of U. S. Steel formerly of Industrial Hygiene Foundation Dr. John Beattie Director of the Cardiff Research Institute Cambridge England Pneumoconiosis Dr. Marvin Kushner University Professor of Pathology at New York Dr. Fernand Gregoire Professor of Pathology It is proposed that with minimum staff offices will and that the be established in research projects Montreal involv- ing special facilities and competence will be contracted for with appropriate agencies An epidemiological study dating the 1957 Industrial Hygiene Foundation study will be undertaken IV National Insulation Manufacturers Association Manufac Manuft acturers ur Ase socr iats ion 1966 - The newly formed Health and Safety Committee held their first meeting yesterday May 10. W. L. VanDerbeek and C. L. Sheckler represented M The evaluation of the erosion problem in Fiber Glass Air Duct was determined to be the first research effort Corning has been having work done at the Kettering Laboratories in this area and agreed to turn over the data from this study to the Committee Further research will be predicated on the status of these findings The Committee will function as a clearing house for information concerning union and jurisdictional activities further attacks by Dr. Selikoff and others and State and Federal legislation affecting the industry The Committee will develop educational information and contacts to maintain and improve relationships with insu- lation contractors and consumers v Manville 1964 - Research Report on 1 Petrographic and Ray Diffraction Analyses of Brake Lining Wear Dusts and 2 Micro Duct - Air Erosion of Microscopic Particles 1965-66 - In conjunction with the Q.A.M.A. activities W. C. Streib has had consultations with several English and European doctors and has done some work on Organic Extractables in Asbestos THE CAPE ASBESTOS COMPANY LIMITED 114 PARK STREET y LONDOW.NI OROSVENOR 0022 CHAIRMAN'S ROOM 12th January 1967 Mr. C. B. Burnett Manville Corporation 22 East Fortieth Street NEW YORK 16 N.Y. U.S.A. Sear Chirst , It has at last been possible for me to collect the comments on the draft dealing with Asbestos and Human Health which you left with me in October Both Dr. Smither who is our Company Medical Adviser and Dr. Knox the Medical Consultant of the Asbestosis Research Council have considered the paper and I think I can do no better than attach their notes which in the main deal with the detailed medical aspects of the arguments put forward A number of these are quite important in the extent to which they been qualify some of known to differ the assertions in the draft Medical experts have before but our doctors comments are well documented as you can see In this country the situation with regard to the health hazards of asbestos has for some time I believe been in a more critical phase than that which existisn the United States The topic is one which the Ministry of Labour Trades Unions authorities at the docks and the Press are at present extremely sensitive about We have therefore become most cautious in our attitude to statements made subject to close examination and criticism industry by the which are Both in this Company and in the Asbestosis Research Council we have from time to time in the last year or so discussed the possibility draft which would effectually refute of producing a paper such statements many of which as this are exaggerated and inaccurate and which appear with increasing frequency in various quarters Each time we havefelt that the0inconclusiveness state knowledge changing state of the eveidencve idence available the to us considerations state of our state aboutthe subjectand otherconsiderations havehavemadeit_ impossible for us to frame astatement which wouldnot necessity bbe eeitherhedged around with sossoo many provisos as to negateits usefulness - oor ror be couched in general termsthe accuracy of which could be challenged _ _ The climate in the United States is probably quite different and it is of course a matter for your judgement to assess the effect that the issue of such a document will have as well as to be satisfied with its form and content I would however recommend that the comments by the two doctors are given full consideration before the final draft is approved Continued 7 Mr. C. B. Burnett Manville Corporation New York 1 2 - 12th January 1967 . While our attitude may well be felt to be somewhat negative I would not like you to think that we are doing nothing to counteract adverse statements We have approached the matter in another and admittedly indirect way by the publication of reports by the Asbestosis Research Council copies of the first two of which I enclose More on these A lines are planned dealing with methods of prevention and control of the emission of dust in the use of asbestos in various fields I am sorry that these comments are not as constructive as I would wish them to be and that it has taken some time to collect them If however there is any way in which you think we could be more helpful please do not hesitate to let me know Yous quicuel qquiucueil cuel quicuel quicuel quicuel quicuel quicuel quicuel ---- --,--,, -- -- --,--,, -- -- --,--,,-- -- --,--,, -- -- --,--,, -- ----,----,, --,--,, RHD Encs R. H. Dent ; 4 an 7 ASBESTOS AND HUMAN HEALTH DRAFT 10/13/66 fi ry Comments by W.J. Smither seu: 7 . 1. Pr 1. para 3. No longer considered a common health hazard Comment remarkable It is that no large observations incidence incidence morbidity and mortality cancers have been published by the rates giant of asbestosis and American asbestos on the - asbestos industry 1 a The continued insistence of some industrial parties that reliable decisions on such aspects can be based on what is called deceptively sound clinical judgement often merely reflects an desire to escape from an unpleasant situation into objectionable : are properly protected against wishful dreamland in which profits just compensation claims 2 the Whether introduction of such protective procedures has succeeded in totally eliminating asbestotic hazards for the workers -. employed in such plants however remains to be seen because of the often relatively long latent period which may elapseaftbeer forweorkers have asbestosis may become syptomatically manifest even left such hazardous operations 3 Information on the number and variety of exposed workers and and incidence of asbestosis and of asbestos cancers on the occurrence in all countries especially in the ; among them most fragmentary especially t United States and Canada 4 W.C. N.B. Hueper National Cancer Institute Bethesda Md Annals of Vol 132. the New York Academy of Art 1. 1 Pg 185 Sciences 2 Pg 186 3 Pg 190 4 Pg 192 Subsequent references to this publication will be headed Annals 2. Pr 1. Para 4 Comments .which is now generally controlled t ~ yy oy! Wood and Gloyne 1934 when reporting the first For example 100 cases of asbestosis said There is good control However reason to believe J.C. McVittie's that the disease is now under of asbestosis diagnosed in the United figures 1965 for new cases after this pronouncement show Kingdom in individuals only exposed . how wrong it was P. 695. Annals J.C. Gilson 3. Pg 1. para 5 and treatment are well understood Comment A statement which may be It is well understood that there true is no but in certainly treatment misleading 2 . 4. Pg 1. para 6 an suggestions that cancer may be associated with exposure to asbestos : lung ' Comment The word recently is somewhat inaccurate On page 7 in para 2 of this document Schepers is quoted Thus the high prevalence of neoplasia which was reported several decades ago -1 In England Gloyne 1935. In America Lynch and Smith 1935 5. Pg 3. para 6 Suggestions associating lung cancer asbestos have neither been confirmed with nor disproved by experimentation nor by many observations of asbestos miners and fabricating workers a Comment on a similarly defined population of 1,266 white A report for over twenty years shows male asbestos products workers followed cancer : nearly a three to one excess for respiratory Pg 164. Annals P.E. Enterline In the period 1961-1963 no less than 42 of 77 male asbestosis death certificates also recorded a cancer or mesothelioma a percentage of ..... Pg 512. Annals W.D. Buchanan Of the 307 deaths in N.Y.C. Asbestos Insulation Workers bronchogenic carcinoma Ten were Fifty were attributed to attributed to mesothelioma ...... 523. Annals Hammond and Selikoff cancer and neoplasms of the pleura are significantly increasedLuanmgong asbestos workers in the Dresden area when compaarnedd with the general population of this area of corresponding age sex Pae 546. Annals Jacob and Anspach of mesothelioma of the pleura occurred Although six cases to asbestos dust chrysotile three of them in pweooprlkeed owcictuhpatcirooncaildlolyiteexpoasnedd amosite besides chrysotile Pg 574 had Annals Vigliani Et Al of the South African investigations is A puzzling feature the same amount of that although the country chprryosdoutceisle apipfroxSiwmaaztiellaynd is included no crocidolite amosite and from either of the other are u case of mesothelioma has been reported P. 576 Annals J.C Mame in spite of an intensive investi who have examined the American investirators in the Certain to asbestos and mesothelioma relationship between exposure crocidolite consumption there 1.S.A. have suggested that inof thtehe patsottal asbestos consumption hazaru of was a negligible proportitohnat mesothelioma is a neoplastic laesabdeisntgos theexmpostuoresugagndestnot necessarily a problem only of crocidolite Solikoff I.J. Churn J. and mond .C 1964 to Asbestos and Mesotheliona Relation between Exposure New Eng J. of Med 272 560 N.B. . Pg 5 Knox's are frequently quoted to show that the risk figures exists It is important to of malignancy no longer realise what Knox actually said It must be remembered however that the experience of is relatively short and that no matter how these groups accumulated by men who many years of experience are this have just completed their twenty or ten yours fate will certain indication of what their cannot give any time Pg 531. Annals : be in ten twenty or thirty years , J.F. Knox that specific occupational hazards to life It is possible eliminated but it is not now possible have been completely and further detailed to assert this with confidence Annals J.F. Knox observations are needed ' Pg 535. that the subjects of their 4 the distinctnotposhasviebilbieteyn exposed to asbestos of any studies may type whatsoever Comment All to asbestos evidence of references workers or previously quoted in these comments refer mortem series with incontrovertible asbestos exposure Dr. Schepers personal impressions and speculative opinions statistically be contrasted with the carefully documented in the sahnoaullydsed contrary views presentebdy most other partici.pants conference previously quoted Page 8 to the alleged link between Of great relevance is the fact that the diagnosis asbestosis and cancer of asbestosis itself still is difficult Comment This cannot for the association apply to mortaned masbseesrtioessiswhitch h iarse of lung cancer confirmation the basis country that of benefits is subject to confirmation Payment disease normally based on morter death resulted from the findings Pg 508. Annals J.C. Buchanan authorities believe that asbestosis is static Pm 9 Host medical Pr Pr 10. 10. progressive Host are specialists non progressive observe t that . the lesions of asbestosis ; ~4- Comment . _ oe _ . : . ra ry 3: * yp ' . opposite The opposite conclusion is well supported by the annual statutory examinations of certified cases of asbestosis in this country where a steady progression in disability is comm ~ on experience even after removal from exposure Page 9 . Se The difficulty of diagnosing asbestosis 1955 Fage 10 ) Comment ee lt Pen The Williams mentioned at the top of page 10 published in : a in Williams and 1961 in Thorax the same Journal as the article quoted written by . Williams Jones the following statements Thorax 1961 Vol * , 16. No. . re There appeared to be good correlation between the functional : changes during life and the findings at necropsy F 279 a 5 . . be : . . sed There appears to be little doubt now that theries an increa-' incidence of carcinoma of the lung in this disease Pg 279 Pg 10 While asbestotic fibroses are limited to the area of the included asbestos particle ey Comment Our findings of little fibrosis about large collections of bodies in the upper lobes of the largest clumps of bodies were in the fibrosed areas but often they were scanty there and frequent in normal areas of the same lung . : Heard and Williams Thorax 1961. Vol 16. No. Pg 10. Pg 11 Comment Vorwald et al The mechanical theory and the lack of progression of asbestosis as enunciated are no longer accepted Holt Mills and Young J. Path and Bact Vol 87 No. 1 P. 15-23 1964 after a critical analysis of the Vorwald experiments and comparison with their own findings say that All we serpentine would conclude is less likely from their to produce inhalation experiments is fibrosis than is chrysotile Chrysotile fibrotic lesions of dust of small particle the luns when inhaled size rapidly by rats produces after Davis Br J. Experimental Path Volxliv No. 4. critical consideration of the Vorwald experiments August says 1963 In this electron microscope mechanical damage by asbestos fibres study no evidence has seen ... for gross -5- Their appear Pr 11 Gross and Smith are the only authors quoted who appear article to believe thwatithasbno esteoxspiesrimiesntparloo grre clsis niicvale evidence to support sipteculIanticvoentrast To their line 24 p.ll Davis pretvhiaotushlayve quoted reference says It is not unusual to find crystals " penetrated the nuclear membrances Pg 13 - 16 Comment about the identification of the asbestos body The argument ~ is of minor relevance - 17 Pg Se The Braun and Truan study Comment If one conducts a careful Truan it becomes readily apparent the association of lung cancer and certain inherent weaknesses of the study of the data by Braun and that the study does not disprove asbestos ^'xposure because of 4 study itself the incidence of lung cancer did increase with .Actually length of employment and the grouping by category of exposure was observation by Braun and Truan relativ not adequate for the negative to this ..It is the len th of employment rather classification which is important here than smoker that there are 133 persons lost to the When one realises not covered by insurance cohort that all others who left employment three cases would were not identified and that obthseervaadtdiiotnison reofcorodneldy by Braun and on have changed the statitshtaitcatlhe conclusions developed by them are Truan it would seem rather tenuous grounds jo Basically there was not a uniform application the controls in that of criteria only Proven relative to the study group andaccepted while causes of death as cases in the study group were certified were accepted for the controls for the rates of lung cancer in the Furthermore a countries in which the comparison of 18.9 mines are located a shows rate a more logical for the adjacent counties compared with 100,000 . comparison could be made but I feel enough ... number of other points that I feel Braun and Truan's has been presented to make it evident cancer and asbestos conclusion of a negative association of lung Cartier previously reported not to be justified Interestingly . of asbestos miners two mesotheliomas amoung this same group P. 592 - Page 593. Annals Hancuso Pr 19 Dr. Kenneth W. Smith prepared Comment to statement which one is This is thethealmroesstultosnlyof a reasonabreasonable le experiment accept as showing Pg 20 Summary 1. Agreed 2. Completely at variance with my own experience 3. This cannot apply to mortem series on which most of the evidence in this country is based and on which, all of my own evidence is based 4. Agreed Asbestosis at mortem is not diagnosed in : this country simply on the presence of asbestos bodies 5. Unless more evidence is forthcoming as a result of further studies this statement must be challenged According to Dr. Hueper see page 1 of these notes such evidence was fragmentary in 1964 . According to Dr. Mancuso see page the evidence supporting conclusion Braun and Truan report has so much 5 of these notes ; 5 given in the inherent weakness that it cannot be accepted , 6. Agreed 7. Agreed | | Dr.W.J. Smither a ' WJS 9.1.67 9.1.67 9.1.67 9.1.67 9.1.67 .