Document 99r5Rw97XkqnmoXMo1xj73J3L

1 I I I I I \ I S/C/738/89 IN THE COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH OF NEW BRUNSWICK TRIAL DIVISION JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF SAINT JOHN BETWEEN: CLARENCE AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTD./ UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T E E ., Defendants AND BETWEEN: JEAN VIVIAN AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND U N IROYAL CHEMICAL LTD./ UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTEE., Defendants I t I S/C/738/89 IN THE COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH OF NEW BRUNSWICK TRIAL DIVISION JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF SAINT JOHN BETWEEN: CLARENCE AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND U N IROYAL CHEMICAL XTD./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T E E ., Defendants AND BETWEEN: JEAN VIVIAN AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND U N IROYAL CHEMICAL LTD./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTEE., Defendants RECORD ON MOTION William B. Richards, Esq. Clark, Drummie & CompanyBarristers & Solicitors 40 Wellington Row Saint John, N.B. Telephone: 633-3800 Solicitors for the Plaintiffs Douglas A.M. Evans, Esq., Q.C. Gilbert, McGloan, Gillis Barristers & Solicitors 133 Prince William Street Saint John, N.B. Telephone: 634-3600 Solicitors for the Defendant Chipman Inc. David M. Norman, Esq., Q.C. Hanson, Hashey Barristers & Solicitors 400 Phoenix Square Fredericton, N.B. Telephone: 453-7771 Solicitors for the Defendants Thomas O'Neil, Esq., Q.C. Barry & O'Neil Barristers & Solicitors 85 Charlotte Street Saint John, N.B. * Telephone: 633-4226 Solicitors for the Defendants The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Chemical Canada Inc. > INDEX 1. Affidavits of Service of W. Andrew LeMesurier, sworn to January 14, 1993. 2. Notice of Motion dated January 8 , 1993. 3. Affidavit of Jerry K. White sworn to January 8 , 1993. 3 S/C/738/89 IN THE COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH OF NEW BRUNSWICK TRIAL DIVISION JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF SAINT JOHN BETWEEN: CLARENCE AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND U N IROYAL CHEMICAL L T D ./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T E E ., Defendants AND BETWEEN: JEAN VIVIAN AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA I N C ., CHIPMAN I N C ., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T D ./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T E E ., Defendants AFFIDAVIT OF SERVICE (FORM 18B) I, W. Andrew LeMesurier, of the City of Saint John, in the County of Saint John and Province of New Brunswick, MAKE OATH AND SAY AS FOLLOWS: 1. On the 8 th day of January, 1993, I served the defendant, Chipman Inc. with the attached document marked "A" by leaving a copy with Douglas A.M. Evans, Q.C., at Gilbert, McGloan, Gillis, Solicitors for the defendant, Chipman Inc., at 133 Prince William Street, Saint John, N.B. 2. I was able to identify the person served by means of the fact that he is known to me. SWORN TO at the City of Saint John, in the County of Saint John, in the Province of New Brunswick, this 14th day of January, A.D., 1993. ) ) ) Commissioner of Oaths Being a Solicitor JOHN C. VVAjjlNER ' S/C/738/89 IN THE COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH OF NEW BRUNSWICK TRIAL DIVISION JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF SAINT JOHN BETWEEN: CLARENCE AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T D ./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T E E ., Defendants AND BETWEEN: JEAN VIVIAN AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T D ./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T E E ., Defendants AFFIDAVIT OF SERVICE (FORM 18B) I, W. Andrew LeMesurier, of the City of Saint John, in the County of Saint John and Province of New Brunswick, MAKE OATH AND SAY AS FOLLOWS: 1. On the 8th day of January, 1993, I served the defendant, The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Chemical Canada Inc. with the attached document marked "A" by leaving a copy with Marilyn Patstone, Receptionist, at Barry & O'Neil, Solicitors for the defendants, The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Chemical Canada Inc., at 85 Charlotte Street, Saint John, N.B. (p 2 . I was able to identify the person served by means of the fact that she identified herself to me. SWORN TO at the City of Saint John, in the County of Saint John, in the Province of New Brunswick, this 14th day of January, A.D., 1993. ) ) ) ) Commissioner of 0Oa.ths Being a Solicitor JOHN C. WARNE S/C/738/89 IN THE COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH OF NEW BRUNSWICK TRIAL DIVISION JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF SAINT JOHN BETWEEN: CLARENCE AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T D ./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTEE., Defendants AND BETWEEN: JEAN VIVIAN AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T D ./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T E E ., Defendants AFFIDAVIT OF SERVICE (FORM 18B) I, W. Andrew LeMesurier, of the City of Saint John, in the County of Saint John and Province of New Brunswick, MAKE OATH AND SAY AS FOLLOWS: 1. On the 8 th day of January, 1993, I served the defendant, Uniroyal Chemical Ltd./Uniroyal Chemical Ltee. with the attached document marked "A" by leaving a copy with David Norman, Q.C., at Hanson Hashey, Solicitors for the defendant Uniroyal, at 400 Phoenix Square, Fredericton, N.B. 2. I was able to identify the person served by means of the fact that he identified himself to me. SWORN TO at the City of Saint John, in the County of Saint John, in the Province of New Brunswick, this 14th day of January, A.D., 1993. Commissioner of Oaths Being a Solicitor JOHI'i- WARNER W. Andrew LeMesurier 9 S/C/738/89 IN THE COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH OF NEW BRUNSWICK TRIAL DIVISION JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF SAINT JOHN BETWEEN: CLARENCE AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTD./ UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T E E ., Defendants AND BETWEEN: JEAN VIVIAN AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTD./ UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTEE., Defendants NOTICE OF MOTION (FORM 37A) TO: The Defendants The Plaintiffs will apply to the Court of Queen's Bench of New Brunswick at the Provincial Building at 110 Charlotte Street, 4th Floor, Saint John, N.B., on the 18th day of January, 1993, at 1:30 p.m. for an order that the AVIS DE MOTION (FORMULE 37A) DESTINATAIRE: Le demandeur (ou selon le cas ) demandera la Cour a (lieu prcis) / le , 19 / h , d 'ordonner : /O Statement of Claim be amended as set out in the affidavit of Jerry K. White, pursuant to Rule 27.10 of the Rules of Court. Upon the hearing of the motion the following affidavits or other documentary evidence will be presented: (a) Affidavit of Jerry K. White, sworn to on the 8th day of January, 1993. You are advised that: (a) you are entitled to issue documents and present evidence at the hearing in English or French or both ; (b) the plaintiffs intend to proceed in the English language; and (c) if you intend to proceed in the other official language, an interpreter may be required and you must so advise the clerk at least 5 days before the hearing. DATED at Saint-John day of January, i / > /s NB, this 1993. Solicitor for Plaintiffs, William B. Richards, Clark, Drummie & Company A l'audition de la motion, les affidavits ou les authres preves littrales suivantes seront prsentes: Sachez que: (a) vous avez le droit d'mettre des documents et de prsenter votre preuve l'audience en franais, en anglais ou dans les deux langues; (b) le demandeur (ou selon le cas) l'intention d'utiliser la langue ; et (c) si vous avez l'intention d'utiliser l'autre langue officielle, les services d'un interprte pourront tre requis et vous devrez en aviser le greffier au moins 5 jours avant l'audience. FAIT 19 . le Avocat du demandeur S/C/738/89 IN THE COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH OF NEW BRUNSWICK TRIAL DIVISION JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF SAINT JOHN BETWEEN: CLARENCE AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs, - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW -CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTD./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTE E ., Defendants AND BETWEEN: JEAN VIVIAN AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs, - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND U N IROYAL CHEMICAL LTD./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTEE., Defendants AFFIDAVIT I, Jerry K. White, of the City of Fredericton, in t County of York and Province of New Brunswick, MAKE OATH AND SAY AS FOLLOWS : 1. I am a plaintiff in the above noted action and as such I have personal knowledge of the facts herein deposed to unless otherwise stated. 2. I am Executive Director of the Sprayers of Dioxin Association Health and Environment Inc. ("S.O.D.A."), an association originally organized in 1984 for the purpose of investigating the health effects of phenoxy herbicides on employees of New Brunswick Electric Power Commission who sprayed herbicidal formulations for N.B. Power during the 1950s and 1960s. 3. As Executive Director of S.O.D.A., and as a plaintiff in the above action, I also have acted as agent for the plaintiffs in the prosecution of this action, making all decisions in relation to hiring lawyers, and experts, negotiating with New Brunswick Electric Power Commission (now New Brunswick Power Corporation) in an attempt to settle the plaintiffs' claim against N.B. Power in a related action to this one. As well, I made all other necessary decisions in the case against Dow and Others. I have so acted as agent for the plaintiffs since 1984. 4. The pleadings in this case, which are substantial in volume, have been filed with the court. 5. This affidavit is for bhe purpose of supporting the plaintiffs' motion to amend their pleadings with respect to fraud as well as to plead res ipsa loguitor. 6 . In November 1991 the plaintiffs applied to court for production of Dow Chemical's documents as set out in its Affidavit of Documents. The documents began to arrive in January 199.2 as undertaken by Mr. O'Neil on behalf of Dow. At the present time Dow still has not made available to the plaintiffs all of its Schedule "A" documents, although the plaintiffs have requested them several times, and Dow had undertaken to produce them as of January 1992. In fact there are still what I estimate to be 1200-1400 documents not made available as set out in Appendix "D" of Schedule "A" of Dow's affidavit. 7. The plaintiffs have received from Dow's Affidavit of Documents copies of 80 rolls of microfilm. Each roll has approximately 4000 documents on it. We have fully reviewed and hard copied about 25 rolls. 8 . On January 27th, 1992, about two weeks before discovery of the plaintiffs began, the plaintiffs asked to delay discovery until they had a chance to review Dow's documents, the defendants objected and on motion the court refused the adjournment. 9. The plaintiffs made a request for copies of Chipman's Affidavit of Documents in June of 1992. The copies were not delivered until July 1992. 10. Uniroyal was served with a request for an Affidavit of Documents in May 1992. To date there has been no Affidavit forthcoming from that defendant. Attached hereto and marked as Exhibit "A" is a letter dated November 27, 1992 from Clark, Drummie & Company to Hanson, Hashey. I am informed by William B. Richards and I verily believe it to be true, that Uniroyal is to file their Affidavit of Documents in January 1993. Attached hereto and marked as Exhibit "B" is a letter from David Norman, Q.C. to Mr. Richards inviting Mr. Richards to review the documents before the actual preparation of the Affdiavit. 11. As a result of the above, and as a result of the fact that several hundreds of further documents have been received from N.B. Power within the same time frame as described above, the plaintiffs were not previously in a position to properly and fully advance allegations in respect of fraud. 12. Attached hereto and marked as Exhibit "C" is a copy of the proposed amendments to the Statement of Claim wherein fraud is alleged against the defendants as particularly set out therein and which allegations I verily believe to be true. 13. In respect of the proposed amendments the following documents are, I verily believe, evidence of the defendants' fraud as set out in the proposed amended claim: 1. Two letters to William B. Richards from Dr. Alastair Hay re PCBs, dated 3 November 1992 and November 10, 1992 along with attached C.V. The letters express an opinion in respect of the hazards of chemicals used in the spray program and the non-disclosure by the defendants of those hazards. 2. Pages 8 and 9 of deposition of V.K. Rowe, former Director of Toxicology for Dow Chemical Company and Assistant Director of Dow's Biochemical Research Laboratory. The testimony acknowledges Dow's early knowledge of chlorinated di or bi phenyls (P.C.B.s) and their toxicity. The testimony was taken in the case of Keister v. D o w , U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Arkansas, July 18, 1990. 3. Paper entitled Chloracne - Dow Experience. This paper traces in chronological order Dow's history of chloracne, along with the chemical agents in question. (Dow document 1289). 4. Report of Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company re Toxicity of 2,4,5 Trichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid, dated August 25, 1945 (Dow document 1172). 5. Two pages from Dow Brochure entitled Application Methods and Dosage for Dow Weed and Brush Killer Formulations in which Dow proposes the use of oil as a carrier. This is on N.B. Power microfilm files and in part reads as follows: Basal Bark Treatment 2 nd paragraph Spray Mix: Use 4 gallons of Esteron 245 for every 95 gallons of fuel or kerosene or similar oil. Transformer oil has been used satisfactorily. Do not use water or oil-water emulsions for basal bark treatment. Used transformer oil may be used if available. Esteron Brushkiller bottom of page, 1 st column and top of page, 2 nd column Fuel oil may be used....it is questionable whether oil adds to the effectiveness of Esteron Brushkiller. In certain cases when application is made during the summer season with particular emphasis on wetting the stems and bark rather than the foliage, good results have been obtained. 6 . Letter to Mr. J.E. Guerette, New Brunswick Electric Power Commission from W.A. Stearman, Chipman Chemicals Limited dated 28 November 1956 proposing use of oil as carrier (N.B. Power files). 7. Letter to James M. Cruickshank, Naugatuck Chemicals from P.C. Levesque, The New Brunswick Electric Power Commission, dated June 20, 1951 re use of oil in spray program. 8 . Letter to P.C. Levesque, The New Brunswick Electric Power Commission from James Cruickshank, Naugatuck Chemicals (owned by and defending this action as Uniroyal Chemical Ltd.), dated June 29, 1951 regarding the use of oil in spray program. 9. Document prepared by The Dow Chemical Company entitled Brush and Weed Control on Railroad Rights of Way by Use of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, dated January 26, 1953 indicating safety of product. 10. Document entitled The New Brunswick Electric Power Commission Transmission Line R-O-W Maintenance Chemical Control Operation Instruction to Foremen indicating safety of product and mixture of herbicide with stove fuel or waste transformer oil. 11. Page 14 from report of N.B. Power Herbicide Use (1955-64) prepared in 1984 re the sale- of Brushkill (2,4-D and 2,4,5-T) by the defendants to N.B. Power. 12. Letter to Dr. Andrew G. Goesl, Texarkana, Arkansas-Texas from V.K. Rowe, The Dow Chemical Company dated July 12, 1955 indicating Dow's knowledge of extent of exposure by sprayers. 13. Letter to Dr. Knecht, Boehringer Co. from Dr. Schmidt dated 14 November 1955 re hazards of 2,4,5-T (Dow document 1549). C? 14. Letter to L.L. Coulter, The Dow Chemical Company from V.K. Rowe, Biochemical Research Department, dated February 13, 1956 re hazards of oil as used in herbicide spray to human health. 15. Letter to Mark Wolf, Biochem Research Lab, The Dow Chemical Company from L.L. Coulter, Agricultural Chemicals Development, The Dow Chemical Company, dated March 20, 1959 requesting information on the toxicity of oil used in Brushkiller formulations. 16. Letter to L.L. Coulter, Agricultural Chemical Development, The Dow Chemical Company from Mark A. Wolf, Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, dated July 6 , 1959 re effects of fuel oil in response to above referenced request. 17. Memorandum to Mr. George Gagnon from J.E. Guerette, The New Brunswick Electric Power Commission re: Transformer Waste Oil and Oil Drums for use in spray program, dated October 28, 1959. 18. Letter to Dow Chemical Company from German based C.H. Boehringer Sohn re The chlorakne. Preparation of Trichlorophenol, dated February 11, 1957 (Dow document 1750). The letter purports to assist Dow Chemical in solving its chloracne problem. 19. Letter to Brigadier General Fred J. Delmor, U.S. Army Munitions, Army Chemical Centre, Maryland, from G.E. Lynn, Director of Registration Bioproducts Department, The Dow Chemical Company re Dow's stated position that 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T are non-toxic, dated April 22, 1963 (Dow document 1362) 20. Letter to Dow Chemicals Company from C.H. Boehringer Sohn re chloracne, dated December 15, 1964 (Dow document 1286). The shared information was to be kept strictly confidential. (See attached english translation by W.B. Trapp, Dow Chemical Company). 21. Letter to Dr. Hans Merz, C.H. Boehringer Sohn from Walter B.N. Trapp, The Dow Chemical Company, dated January 28, 1965 re dangers of trichlorophenol and secrecy agreemetn between Dow Chemical and Boehringer. 22. Memorandum L.G. Silverstein, The Dow Chemical Company, Industrial Hygienist re Hazard of Monsanto T Acid, dated March 10, 1965. This memo indicates that the final product used as 2,4,5-T spray can be contaminated. 23. Letter to Mr. John Stephens from Dr. R. Emmet Kelly (medical director at Monsanto Chemical Company) dated March 17, 1965 re extreme toxicity of dioxin received /<p from Dow Chemical. 24. Letter from V.K. Rowe, Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company to Dr. Emmet Kelly and others dated March 19, 1965 re meeting of chemical companies. 25. Letter to Mr. Paul Hoffman from Dr. R. Emmet Kelly dated March 30, 1965 re 2,4,5-T problem. 26. Report on the Chloracne Problem Meeting on 3/24/65 from L.G. Silverstein dated March 29, 1965. 27. Letter to Ross Mulholland, Dow Chemical of Canada from V.K. Rowe, Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company dated -June 24, 1965 re meeting of chemical companies. 28. Document entitled The Chloracne Problem - Biochem's Contribution dated 3/11/65. This is a brief history of Dow's experience with the toxic effects of its trichlorophenol process (Dow document 2868) . 29. Internal memo re trichlorophenol summary from J.D. Doedens, Chemicals Department, cc. V.K. Rowe, re chemical companies handling of trichlorophenol problems and Dow's secrecy agreement with Boehringer. 30. Letter to C.A. Highhill, 2,4,-D Plant from L.G. Silverstein, Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, dated August 16, 1966 re testing for chloracne. 31. Letter to K.E. Coulter, Midland Division Research & Development from Alex Widiger, Benzene Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, dated April 25, 1967 re chloracne research program. The document indicates the slow progress being made in identifying the chloracnegens. It also indicates that chloracne is just cosmetic evidence of serious systemic injury. 32. Letter to W.J. McCoy, Bioproducts Sales, from V.K. Rowe, Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, dated July 25, 1967. 33. Document prepared by Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company entitled Chloracne Problem at Fort Saskatchewan Plant, Dow Chemical of Canada, dated 3/21/69. 34. Dow document entitled Distribution of Reported Adverse Effects Following Exposure of Field Workers and Applicators to 2,4-D Formulations, prepared circa 1978 (Dow document 5716). i*r 35. Paper entitled A Dow Canada Backgrounder re The Risk in Spraying 2,4,5-T Herbicide dated June 30, 1982. 36. Pages 22 and 23 of a Cohort Mortality Study prepared by Sobeco Ernst & Young, on behalf of the plaintiffs, dated October 1992 indicating excess deaths in cohort. The study has been served upon the defendants. 14. Attached hereto and marked as Exhibit "D" are copies of the documents described above. 15. I make this affidavit for the purpose of requesting this Honourable Court to permit the proposed amendments to the plaintiff's claim as referenced. SWORN to at the City of ) Fredericton, in the County ) of York, in the Province of ) New Brunswick, this 8th day ) Commissioner of Oaths Being a Solicitor yff. Andrew LeMesurier C lark, Drummie & Company BARRISTERS AND SOLICITORS 4 0 WELLINGTON ROW SAINT JOHN. N.B. CANADA T H O M A S B. D R U M M IE . O.C. D O N A L D F. Ma C C O W A N , O .C . W ILLAR D M. JE N K IN S B A R R Y R. M O R R IS O N F R A N K P. H A M M W ILLIA M B. RICH AR DS N O RM AN J. BOSSE W. AN D R EW LEM ESU R IER S H E R R IE R. BO Y D J. GEORGE BYRNE TIM O TH Y M. H O PK IN S M. L IS E A L L A IN D E N O P. P A P P A S . O .C . W A L L A C E S. T U R N B U L L . O.C. M .R O B E R T JETTE TE R R E N C E W. H U TC H IN SO N P A T R IC K J. P. ER V IN L. PA U L ZED FR ED E R IC K A. W ELSFO R D J O H N M. M CN AIR O O N A LD J. H IG G IN S KAREN M .C O LP ITT S JO H N C. W AR NER M IC H A E L J. CO M EAU COUNSEL R IC H AR D W. BIRD November 27, 1992 M A ILIN G AD D R ESS: P.O . BOX 6 5 0 STATIO N A S A IN T J O H N . N.B. E2L 4S3 TELEPHONE: (506) 6 3 3 -3 8 0 0 TE LEC O PIER : (5 0 6 )6 3 3 -3 6 1 1 PLEASE REFER TO. O UR FILE NO YO UR F IL E NO. Messrs. Hanson, Hashey Barristers & Solicitors Suite 400, Phoenix Square P.O. Box 310 Fredericton, N.B. E3B 4Y9 Attention: David M. Norman, Esq., Q.C. Dear Sirs: RE: Agnew and Others v. Dow Chemical and Others Further to our attendance in court I am calling upon you to deliver your client's Affidavit of Documents forthwith. In my view the affidavit should contain any and all marketing information and data which your client possesses vis-a-vis N.B. Power. It should contain any and all toxicological studies carried out by your client or in its possession in respect of the herbicides in question, dioxins and any toxicological studies in respect of the various recommended oils to be used as a carrier for the herbicide spray, including kerosene, fuel and diesel oil and transformer oil (PCBs). Uniroyal's affidavit should also contain reference to any correspondence with other chemical companies, governmental agencies and departments, private companies or individuals in respect of the manufacture, marketing and/or use of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T as well as any of the related chemicals or chemical compounds involved in the manufacturing process of the referenced herbicides. Customer complaints are also absolutely relevant. The above documents would include not just letters and correspondence but all internal corporate memos as well as laboratory notes, production logs and any other written, microfilmed, microfiched or computerized data. C lark. D rummie a C ompany 2 As well, the plaintiffs demand that this information not be restricted by the years of exposure. In other words, the plaintiffs are entitled to information which predates 1950 or which was produced after 1967 if in any way it relates to the issues between the parties. One of those issues which is of prime importance is the development of Uniroyal's knowledge and information in respect of the chemicals in question. I believe that Uniroyal has had more than sufficient time to search its records and prepare the affidavit of documents. I would point out that Dow's affidavit of documents was filed in only a matter of several weeks after the Request was served upon Mr. O'Neil. In my mind Uniroyal has had an excessive amount of time to comply with the request. Yours truly, CLARK, DRU1 E & COMPANY WBR/nrg William B. Richards d . t h a s n e y . q .c D M N O R M A N . Q. C. iO n t b a r i J I. M W H I T C O M B . Q. C. J. M H A N S O N . Q . C W.D VAIL M E BOW LIN B D HATFIELD J A G DICKSON A. D W O O D E R T J M O R R I S O N (n s B a r i J C FOSTER L RICHARD C. M B O W L E N J M RICHARD C V H E N D E R S O N iont bari C R. C W H A L E N i o n t b a r i S C MacLEAN A J FRENETTE M M L ZAUHAR-PERRY iSfibatfiaOMII '," HANSON, HASHEY B A R R ISTER S & SO LIC ITO R S P. O . B O X 3 1 0 S U IT E 4 0 0 . P H O E N IX S O U A R E F R E D E R IC T O N . N E W B R U N S W IC K E3B 4Y9 ItfHtfMHHailflMHIBttHlii T E L E P H O N E (506)453777) FAX (506)453-9600 PLEASE REFER TO OUR FILE NO December 24, 1992 910983 William B. Richards Clark, Drummie & CompanyBarristers and Solicitors P.0. Box 6850, Station "A" Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 4S3 Dear Mr. Richards: Re: Acmew and Others v. Dow Chemical and Others Further to your letter dated December 22, it is entirely up to you when you take advantage of our invitation to see our documents. The purpose of our invitation was to save expense and delay in preparation of an Affidavit of Documents. Therefore, the earlier you meet with me the better. Yours truly DMN/te O F F IC E S IN F R E D E R IC T O N A N D S A IN T J O H N . N E W B R U N S W IC K JH vA S/C/738/89 IN THE COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH OF NEW BRUNSWICK TRIAL DIVISION JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF SAINT JOHN BETWEEN: CLARENCE AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs, - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTD./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL L T E E ., Defendants AND BETWEEN : JEAN VIVIAN AGNEW AND OTHERS, Plaintiffs, - and - THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC., CHIPMAN INC., AND UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTD./UNIROYAL CHEMICAL LTEE., Defendants PROPOSED AMENDED STATEMENT OF CLAIM & THIRD AMENDED STATEMENT OF CLAIM 1. The plaintiffs are individuals with the capacity to sue and variously reside at the municipalities as referenced in Schedules "A" and "B" annexed hereto. 2. The plaintiffs' actions having cause number F/C/373/89 have been consolidated with the actions having cause number S/C/738/89 pursuant to an order of the Court of Queen's Bench on December 10, 1991. 3. The plaintiffs severally bring their actions in this proceeding pursuant to Rule 5.03 of the Rules of Court. 4. The defendant, The Dow Chemical Company, (hereinafter called "Dow Chem"), is a duly incorporated company having its head office in the City of Midland, in the State of Michigan, in the United States of America. 5. The defendant, Dow Chemical Canada Inc., (hereinafter called "Dow Can"), is a duly incorporated company having its head office in the City of Sarnia, in the Province of Ontario and at all times material was a subsidiary of Dow Chem. 6 . The defendant, Chipman Inc., is a duly incorporated company having its head office at the City of Stoney Creek, in the Province of Ontario. 7. The defendant Uniroyal Chemical L t d ./Uniroyal Chemical Ltee. (Uniroyal) is a duly incorporated company having its head office in Elmira, Ontario and is joined as a defendant pursuant to an order of the Court of Queen's Bench dated December 10, 1991. 8 . Between the years 1950 and 1967 the defendants manufactured, synthesized, produced, distributed and/or sold to the New Brunswick Electric Power Commission herbicides, chemicals or chemical compounds of 2 ,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4,5-T) which contained 2,3,7, 8 Tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin ("TCDD"). 9 "TCDD" is a highly toxic impurity which is produced in the manufacture of the 2,4,5-T herbicide which was sold to the New Brunswick Electric Power Commission as "Brushkiller" or "Silvex", and as a result of containing "TCDD" were rendered highly toxic and known to be so by the defendants. 10. Several of the plaintiffs and those individuals whose estates are represented by some of the named plaintiffs (collectively "the users"), whose names are set out in Schedule "A", were employed by the New Brunswick Electric Power Commission variously between the years 1950 and 1967 as herbicide sprayers whose responsibility it was to directly handle and apply the herbicides referenced in paragraph 7 to destroy brush on property owned or controlled by the New Brunswick Electric Power Commission. 11. The defendants had actual knowledge of the method of application of the herbicide chemical and knowledge of the manner of exposure of the plaintiffs to the herbicide. 12. The defendants knew but fraudulently*did not warn the users of the high toxicity and likely severe and detrimental health affects which could be contracted or experienced by those who came into physical contact with the herbicides, including respiratory and cardiovascular disorders, liver disease, as well as an increased risk of cancer, diabetes, fatigue, impotency, skin disorders such as chloracne and nervous disorders, as well as death by chemical intoxication. 13. The users, not being warned of the potential hazards of the herbicides, failed to take precautions to avoid either the direct or indirect application to their persons, or ingestion of the herbicides. 14. As a result of their direct contact with the herbicides as described, the users were caused serious and debilitating personal injury or death. 15. As a result of the injurious toxicity of the herbicides the users have suffered significant special and general damages both pecuniary and non-pecuniary. 16. Several other plaintiffs, whose names are set out in Schedule "B", are variously the spouses or children or legal representatives of deceased spouses or children (hereinafter called "Relatives") of the said users of the herbicide applied by New Brunswick Electric Power Commission. 17. The defendants took no precautions, nor made any attempt to safeguard, warn or protect the Relatives from serious injury or death, being the likely consequences to those who used or had more than a casual contact with the said herbicides. 18. The defendant Dow Chem and Dow Can fraudulently misled the public in respect of the toxicity of its herbicide product to human health, and as a result of such fraud kept critical data verifying herbicide toxicity from the plaintiffs to whom they owed a duty of care. 19. The particulars of Dow Chem's fraudulent behaviour referenced above are as follows: (a) by 1941 Dow Chem knew that highly chlorinated hydrocarbons, including polychlorinated biphenols, posed a potential serious health risk to humans such as referenced in paragraph 1 2 above, of which skin disorders such as chloracne were but symptomatic. (b^ Dov Chem knew in the 1934-1936 time frame that Dow Chem employees producing Dowicide P contracted severe chloracne. This was a trichlorophenol based product. (c^ Dow Chem knew that in the mid 1940s some of its customers complained to Dow Chem about contracting dermatitis or chloracne from the use of Dow Chem's Dovicide 3 product, a closely related compound to trichlorophenol based products. (d^ Dov Chem knew that at its research lab at 172 Building 2,4,5 trichlorophenol residues caused some worker chloracne during or before 1955. (e) Dov Chem knew that at its 199 Building the 2,4,5--Trichlorophenol process caused serious chloracne amongst its workers in 1964. (f ) Dow Chem knew that it had a prevailing chloracne problem amongst its workers in the Dovicide plants in the 1950s and 1960s and began research in 1966 on the problem. Dovicides were produced from polychlorinated hydrocarbons. (o) Dow Chem knew by 1957 that production temperature for trichlorophenol should not be raised above 150"C. To increase production Dow Chem raised production temperature in 1963 in 199 Building which led to the formation of increased levels of dioxin in Dow Chem's 2,4,5-T herbicide. 4 (h) Dow Chem's 2.4-D and 2,4,5-T, sold to N.B. Power, were produced from chlorophenols and Dow Chem knew that the toxic characteristics of the trichlorophenol process was passed on to the 2.4,5-T herbicide. (i) By 1957 Dow Chem knew that unwanted chemical compounds being produced in the manufacturing process of 2.4.5-T were extremely toxic and that these compounds were dioxins: and Dow Chem knew that dioxins. especially TCDD could cause serious health risks to humans, including chloracne and liver disorders. Dow Chem's 2,4-D and 2.4.5-T were oil based. Dow Chem knew by 1956 that these oils were potential health risks to those who sprayed, were exposed to, and breathed the oil mists, and that such oils could cause disease or health conditions such as respiratory ailments, chloracne. liver disease and cardiovascular disease. H O Dow Chem organized and hosted a meeting of other chemical companies including Hooker Chemical Corporation. Diamond Alkali Company and Hercules Powder Company in March 1965 for the purpose of promoting private self regulation in the production standards of 2.4.5-T and to forestall government regulation which Dow Chem feared due to the threat to human health of dioxin contained in 2,4,5-T herbicide. (1) Deliberately and with reckless disregard for the plaintiffs' health Dow Chem did not publicly or in any other manner disclose its experience, knowledge or information as referenced above to the plaintiffs, did not warn the plaintiffs of serious potential health risks from exposure to its herbicide products, and continued to produce and market its products during the 1950s and 1960s to N.B. Power. 20. The particulars of Dow Can's fraudulent behaviour as referenced above are as follows: (a) Despite having actual knowledge to the contrary Dow Can fraudulently maintained publicly, and to N.B. Power, as recently as August 18th and 19th. 1982. that 2,4,5-T poses no serious risk to 2.(o 5 human health as set out in letters to The Daily News, a Halifax. Nova Scotia newspaper and to N.B. Power. (b) Dow Can had the same or similar knowledge as Dow Chem in respect to the toxicity of polychlorinated hydrocarbons, generally, and polychlorinated biohenvls. 2,4.5-T and dioxin specifically, but did not warn the plaintiffs in respect of the toxicity of these products as it had a duty to do. 21. By reason of the foregoing Dow Chem and Dow Can committed fraud against the plaintiffs in producing and/or marketing highly toxic chemicals to N.B. Power for use in its herbicide spray program, and in not warning the plaintiffs about the attendant hazards to ensure their safety, and by never warning them as such, which they had a duty to do. 22. Such failure to warn the plaintiffs denied them the knowledge or information necessary to avoid exposure to the herbicide spray and oils, or having been exposed before 1967, it denied them the knowledge or information to seek proper medical assistance after the fact of exposure, thereby causing them death and iniurv as referenced. 23. The defendants Dow Chem, Chipman Inc, and Uniroyal individually recommended to N.B. Power with reckless disregard for the plaintiffs' health, the use of either transformer oil, kerosene, fuel or diesel oil as a herbicide carrier in its spray program. Such proposals were made in 1952 by Dow Chem, 1951 and 1956 by Chipman Inc, and 1951 by Uniroyal. 24. The above referenced defendants knew that such oils were potentially extremely hazardous to human health and could cause respiratory and cardiovascular disorders, liver disease, as well as an increased risk of cancer, diabetes, fatigue, imootency, skin disorders such as chloracne and nervous disorders, as well as death by chemical intoxication. 25. Except for experimental purposes dating back to 1951, N.B. Power used such oils as recommended, at various times from 1959 in its spray program. 6 26. The defendants committed fraud upon the plaintiffs by deliberately and recklessly not warning them or disclosing to them the human health risk of exposure to these oils, and by never disclosing to or warning the plaintiffs as such which they had a duty to do. 27. Such failure to warn the plaintiffs denied them the knowledge or information necessary to avoid exposure to the herbicide spray and oils, or having been exposed before 1967, it denied them the knowledge or information to seek proper medical assistance after the fact of exposure, thereby causing them death and injury as referenced. 28. As a result of the defendants' fraud the plaintiffs became exposed to the herbicides and oils referenced. They died or suffered serious injury to their health, the particulars of which have been provided to the defendants. 29. As well, as a result of the defendants' fraud the plaintiffs could not have reasonably discovered their individual causes of action until sometime after June 30, 1985 which was approximately three months after a preliminary mortality study was completed for the plaintiffs. 30. As a result of their family relationship with the users as described, the Relatives also had significant and regular contact with the herbicides and, as a result, suffered serious and debilitating personal injury or death, the particulars of which will be delivered to the defendants upon request. 31. Furthermore, as a result of the negligence and fraud of the defendants, and the injurious toxicity of the herbicides and oils used, the Relatives have suffered special and general damages, both pecuniary and nonpecuniary. 32. The plaintiffs, therefore, severally claim against the defendants, in negligence and fraud both jointly and severally, as follows: (a) general damages for personal injury caused by the herbicides containing "TCDD"; (b) special damages, the particulars of which will be delivered to the defendants at or before trial; 22 7 (c) special and general damages for loss of past and future income; (d) in respect of those plaintiffs representing the named estates, damages for wrongful death and for that purpose the plaintiffs rely on Sections 2(1), 3(1), and (2) of the Fatal Accidents A c t . R.S.N.B., c. F-7, and amendments thereto; (e^ damages, including punitive and exemplary damages for perpetrating fraud on the plaintiffs. (f) the plaintiffs also claim damages pursuant to Section 10 of the Medical Services Payment Act. R.S.N.B. c. M-7 and amendments thereto and the Hospital Services Act, R.S.N.B.. c. H-9 and amendments thereto; (g) costs on a solicitor/client basis; (h) interest and such other relief as this Honourable Court deems just. 33. The plaintiffs plead and rely upon Section 2 of the Contributory Negligence A c t . R.S.N.B. c. C-19, and amendments thereto, and further plead the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur in respect of the defendants' negligence. 34. As well, the plaintiffs seek a declaratory order from the court pursuant to Rule 27.06(111 of the Rules of Court that notwithstanding the limitations period set out in the Fatal Accidents Act or the Limitation of Actions Act, that the plaintiffs' claims are not barred as a result of the fraud of the defendants, or anv of them. DATED at Saint John, N.B. ^ 3! o T FAIT a le 19 William B. Richards Name of Lawyer for plaintiff : William B. Richards Avocat du demandeur Nom de 1'avocat du demandeur : Name of firm: lieu) Clark, Drummie & Company Business Address: 40 Wellington Row P.O. Box 6850, Station Saint John, N.B. E2L 4S3 Tlphon: 633-3800 "A" 8 Raison sociale (s'il y a Adresse professionnelle: V iaA ^ INDEX OF EXHIBITS 1 Two letters to William B. Richards from Dr. Alastair Hay re PCBs, dated 3 November 1992 and 3 3' November 10, 1992 along with attached C.V. The letters express an opinion in respect of the hazards of chemicals used in the spray program and the non-disclosure by the defendants of those hazards. 2 Pages 8 and 9 of deposition of V.K. Rowe, former Director of Toxicology for Dow Chemical Company and Assistant Director of Dow's Biochemical Research Laboratory. The testimony acknowledges Dow's early knowledge of chlorinated di or bi phenyls (P.C.B.s) and their toxicity. The testimony was taken in the case of Keister v. D o w , U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Arkansas, July 18, 1990. 3 Paper entitled Chloracne - Dow Experience. This paper traces in chronological order Dow's history of chloracne, along with the chemical agents in question. (Dow document 1289). 4 Report of Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company re Toxicity of 2,4,5 Trichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid, dated August 25, 1945 (Dow document 1172). 5 Two pages from Dow Brochure entitled Application Methods and Dosage for Dow Weed and Brush Killer Formulations in which Dow proposes the use of oil as a carrier. This is on N.B. Power microfilm L f^ files and in part reads as follows: Basal Bark Treatment 2 nd paragraph Spray Mix: Use 4 gallons of Esteron 245 for every 95 gallons of fuel or kerosene or similar oil. Transformer oil has been used satisfactorily. Do not use water or oilwater emulsions for basal bark treatment. Used transformer oil may be used if available. 31 Esteron Brushkiller bottom of page, 1 st column and top of page, 2 nd column Fuel oil may be used....it is questionable whether oil adds to the effectiveness of Esteron Brushkiller. In certain cases when application is made during the summer season with particular emphasis on wetting the stems and bark rather than the foliage, good results have been obtained. 6 . Letter to Mr. J.E. Guerette, New Brunswick Electric Power y r_ , ? Commission from W.A. Stearman, Chipman Chemicals Limited dated 28 November 1956 proposing use of oil as carrier (N.B. Power files). 7. Letter to James M. Cruickshank, Naugatuck Chemicals from P.C. Levesque, The New Brunswick Electric Power Commission, dated June 20, 1951 re use of oil in spray program. ^ 8 . Letter to P.C. Levesque, The New Brunswick Electric Power ,^ , , Commission from James Cruickshank, Naugatuck Chemicals l' (owned by and defending this action as Uniroyal Chemical Ltd.), dated June 29, 1951 regarding the use of oil in spray program. 9. Document prepared by The Dow Chemical Company entitled r , /2 ^ Brush and Weed Control on Railroad Rights of Way by Use of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, dated January 26, 1953 indicating safety of product. 10. Document entitled The New Brunswick Electric Power < Commission Transmission Line R-O-W Maintenance Chemical ; ; 1 Control Operation Instruction to Foremen indicating safety of product and mixture of herbicide with stove fuel or waste transformer oil. 11. Page 14 from report of N.B. Power Herbicide Use (1955-64) ! prepared in 1984 re the sale of Brushkill (2,4-D and 2,4,5-T) by the defendants to N.B. Power. 12. Letter to Dr. Andrew G. Goesl, Texarkana, Arkansas-Texas -o from V.K. Rowe, The Dow Chemical Company dated July 12, ' 1955 indicating Dow's knowledge of extent of exposure by sprayers. 13. Letter to Dr. Knecht, Boehringer Co. from Dr. Schmidt dated 14 November 1955 re hazards of 2,4,5-T (Dow document 1549). ,,I>r 3^ 14. Letter to L.L. Coulter, The Dow Chemical Company from V.K. Rowe, Biochemical Research Department, dated February 13, 1956 re hazards of oil as used in herbicide spray to human health. 15. Letter to Mark Wolf, Biochem Research Lab, The Dow 'Chemical Company from L.L. Coulter, Agricultural Chemicals Development, The Dow Chemical Company, dated March 20, 1959 requesting information on the toxicity of oil used in Brushkiller formulations. 16. Letter to L.L. Coulter, Agricultural Chemical Development, The Dow Chemical Company from Mark A. Wolf, Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, dated July 6 , 1959 re effects of fuel oil in response to above referenced request. V ./ 17. Memorandum to Mr. George Gagnon from J.E. Guerette, The New Brunswick Electric Power Commission re: Transformer Waste Oil and Oil Drums for use in spray program, dated October 28, 1959. ? f 18. Letter to Dow Chemical Company from German based C.H. Boehringer Sohn re The chlorakne. Preparation of Trichlorophenol, dated February 11, 1957 (Dow document 1750). The letter purports to assist Dow Chemical in solving its chloracne problem. 19. Letter to Brigadier General Fred J. Delmor, U.S. ,, Army Munitions, Army Chemical Centre, Maryland, ' from G.E. Lynn, Director of Registration Bioproducts Department, The Dow Chemical Company re Dow's stated position that 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T are non-toxic, dated April 22, 1963 (Dow document 1362) , 20. Letter to Dow Chemicals Company from C.H. Boehringer Sohn re chloracne, dated December 15, '- 1964 (Dow document 1286). The shared information was to be kept strictly confidential. (See attached english translation by W.B. Trapp, Dow Chemical Company). 21. Letter to Dr. Hans Merz, C.H. Boehringer Sohn from , Walter B.N. Trapp, The Dow Chemical Company, dated ! January 28, 1965 re dangers of trichlorophenol and secrecy agreemetn between Dow Chemical and Boehringer. \\ 'v 22. Memorandum L.G. Silverstein, The Dow Chemical Company, Industrial Hygienist re Hazard of 1 Monsanto T Acid, dated March 10, 1965. This memo' indicates that the final product used as 2,4,5-T spray can be contaminated. 33 23. Letter to Mr. John Stephens from Dr. R. Emmet Kelly (medical director at Monsanto Chemical Company) dated March 17/ 1965 re extreme toxicity of dioxin received from Dow Chemical. 24. Letter from V.K. Rowe, Biochemical Research . - I3 l Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company to Dr. Emmet Kelly and others dated March 19, 1965 re meeting of chemical companies. 25. Letter to Mr. Paul Hoffman from Dr. R. Emmet Kelly \ \j> dated March 30, 1965 re 2,4,5-T problem. 26. Report on the Chloracne Problem Meeting on 3/24/65 from L.G. Silverstein dated March 29, 1965. 27. Letter to Ross Mulholland, Dow Chemical of Canada from V.K. Rowe, Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company dated June 24, 1965 re meeting of chemical companies. 28. Document entitled The Chloracne Problem - , t, Biochem's Contribution dated 3/11/65. This is a brief history of Dow's experience with the toxic effects of its trichlorophenol process (Dow document 2868). 29. Internal memo re trichlorophenol summary from J.D. Doedens, Chemicals Department, cc. V.K. Rowe, re chemical companies handling of trichlorophenol problems and Dow's secrecy agreement with Boehringer. 30. Letter to C.A. Highhill, 2,4,-D Plant from L.G. Silverstein, Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, dated August 16, 1966 re testing for chloracne. ,s 31. Letter to K.E. Coulter, Midland Division Research ^ & Development from Alex Widiger, Benzene Research ^ Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, dated April i \ 25, 1967 re chloracne research program. The document indicates the slow progress being made in identifying the chloracnegens. It also indicates that chloracne is just cosmetic evidence of -x serious systemic injury. `-j 32. Letter to W.J. McCoy, Bioproducts Sales, from V.K. Rowe, Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, dated July 25, 1967. 1 33. Document prepared by Biochemical Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company entitled -AC. 34 Chloracne Problem at Fort Saskatchewan Plant, Dow Chemical of Canada, dated 3/21/69. Dow document entitled Distribution of Reported Adverse Effects Following Exposure of Field Workers and Applicators to 2,4-D Formulations, prepared circa 1978 (Dow document 5716). >, Paper entitled A Dow Canada Backgrounder re The a Risk in Spraying 2,4,5-T Herbicide dated June 30, 1982. Pages 22 and 23 of a Cohort Mortality Study prepared by Sobeco Ernst & Young, on behalf of the plaintiffs, dated October 1992 indicating excess deaths in cohort. The study has been served upon the defendants. 0 3 NDV '3 2 1 0 :4 7 LEElfa ur>i \K i*v rc ltizz: l. ' l,0fU |Mr william b xicnards td a r k D n m i i s Co 40 Wellington Bov Bains John Rev Brunswick school Bouse Arthington Lana Ax-thlagtoh: m i uc l 3 Bovmmbcr :1992 j Dear B U I . da 2 bav found the literature that I mould trial and it is very helpful, is May be it out in b notions. ;d ee use at ueeCrtl if X set chlorinated nephritelname She first fatal cases of jaundice after exposure to chlorinated naphthalene ware reported in 1937 ( Qrinktt et.' al J Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology : vol it, page rts (1937). More extensive reports of the cases vare provided In paper by Creenharg et al ( J lad Hyg & Tex. 21:39 (1939) share it was noted that shin eruptions occ u n td before the liver disease. The skin eruptions vers said to be "characteristic of the dermatitis caused by chlorinated naphthalenes end until xeooatiy vas the only disturbance attributed to thee". This skis disease is oov recognised to 1 be chlarsona. More cases of chlorscns following exposure to chlorinated L naphthalenes vere reported in 1943 ( Collier , The Lancet Z;72, 1943)end 1944 ( Cotter 125:273 (1944)r one of these had H i ). Other cases of jaundice censed by chlorinated naphthalene] both fatal sore repox-tod in 1942 ( McLStahie & Bobertson, Mad J. 2:691(1942)) and 1946 ( Dwyer .Med j huot.pegs 703 (1946) . Ms a result of these esses above it w u recognised that if someone had chlarscne they might else have systemic injury veil which bad been panned by the naphthalenes, in some cases the liver disease occurred: in tb absence of skin eruption. The first 3 cases of jaundice prompted the ur* t o 1 ask Cecil Drinker at Harvard Medical School to investigate th toxicity of the chlorinated naphthalenes in animals. Drinker ahowed thee the higher chlorinated congeners- ware:the most toxic and that they caused marked liver damage. (Bennett ,t al J 2nd 8yg 6 Tox J 20:97 {193)). Hors importantly, lDrinker and bis colleagues also looked at PCB In these; animal tests and they reported that of the"variec chlorinetad hydrocarbons tested, chlorinated diphenyl {another word ter Pcs) gar evidence! of being the most toxic* (Page illsane ref). In another pspagraph the author say :"thus, a mixture of trichlornaphthalsnes ( chlorine costant 49.4 per .east) proved to be the least toxic of any of the pounds .tested,whereas Chlorinated diphenyl ( chlorine oantent 65.0 per cent) vas highly toxic even in low concentration." the paper Z have quoted free which discuesee the animal test* coaid not be aisinterpreted. The evidenoe we* clomr. PCBe were sere toxic then chlorinated naphthalene in rets. Aaci result of their wort in animale Drinker and his colleague# recommended soae occapational exposure stanaards for PCB*. Tha ease values ere suggested far the pente end hexa chlorinated naphthalan* based on animal feeding and inhalation studies, m e recommendations were for sxpiwaea were 0.5 eg per cubic setre. ( Drinker, J 2nd Byg 4 Tox 2X:153(1939) m e first and extreeely useful PCS publication was by Schwartz ( As J Public Health 26:56 (1936)) in which he pointed out that : "In addition to these skin lesions (ehloraooK], symptoms of systemic poisoning have occurred saong workers Inhaling these fuees(PC3s3. Thoara working with the ahloro diphenyls haeve complained of digestive disturbances, burning of the eyes ,iapotonce " and he then refers to symptoms caused toy different eheeieals. So PCS* caused skin and internal problems and this was known in 193*1 jgisns in a later paper Schwarts and Peck (NT State J Med 43:1711(1943)) say that the "most potent or those chemicals, as far as their acne-farming properties are concerned, are the chlqrnaphthlenest.cblordipfaenylsEPCBc3 ,aad chlordiphenyloxides.* To prevent occupational scimm worker ' Should not be axpoeed to their tunes and therefore processes.; should be "totally enclosed". In addition the "workers should be provided with clean ciovsralls and underclothes daily, tbesa should be laundered at the plant and cleaned in such * way that no chlorinated hydrocarbons resale on then". Schwartz and seek also say- that shower baths should he ecapalsary, there should be sufficient facilities so that workers do sot have to wait too long for a shower, and suitabw doj>wa should be provided to renew chemicals fro the skin. z think that this should about cover it! With best wishes ! t:! Iii )! i i !) I i ii i :i i; ii ;! TOTCL P.04 3* tlf> i f Kr W iX llsB 1 B iabars . crtHTX Trrmm\n i Cr 1 40 B e ilin g t n Row | S a in t Joto (i R n Brunswick I *** - 10 Xowember 1902 |; toar- Bill ' 1st Bgmsw ere? g Bov u d otbmra School Bous* . Arthlngton Lana Arthington Loads LS21 ip* Xnglaad j. As a result o reading the documanata of tba chemical | companies in this case 2 as prepared to state the following: 111 3 chemical companies recommended the formulation of their herbicides in transformer oil. Haogatack reeomeended this practice in 1951; Chipaaa made a eisilar recommendation in 1957, and Dow also advocated the ose of transformer oil i n . ! one of its brochures, which would appear no have been written; in the 1950's. Transformer oil contains polychlorinated b ip h e n y ls (PCOe) end 1% w e e veil h m s w n 1 tho late 1930*c that these products vere harmful. By 1936 it was clear that these chemicals not only caused the shin disease ohloracna, but that they were also the cause of syrtasxic illness as wall. By 1938 it was known that the PCBa would damage the liver of eaqperimeatal rats ead that they were more toxic to the liver then the chlorinated naphthalenes. Chlorinated naphthalenes rare known at that time to have been responsible for the deaths of 3 workers. Chloarmoae ead dioxin f Bow bad e chlaraane problem for many years. Between 1934-6 severe outbreaks occurred amongst aployes* producing Dovlaide P. The eterncele involved in this process were Sodium tetrschlaropheoate and o-chloropoenylphanol. ( In the 1930's there wee one laboratory ease following exposure to a chlorinated dibensofuran. I A cane of what would appear to have been chlaraane f sometimes referred to as Dowicide humps) was reported in a saweill worker in 1936. The chemicals responsible ware reported to be Dowicidss (possibly Dowicide H - sodium tetrachlorophenoxide). *i I ir tha 1940 * Dow customers re reports to bava contracted chloraana tram Dowiclde 3 , mixtura of 4- ad 6- chlcro-2; phanylphenol. i MVtft casa of chlocacne occurred in the ben*ana resotrob laburatory in 1942 bao vomaana recycled a triehlarophanol rosidua in a glycol solvent. I Cassa of tba alin disease also occurred in workers aployad 5' os Dew SX production in tba ISSO'* and i960* a. At laaat ona f avara and several slid casas ora n^ortad to bave been cases of ehloracse also occurred at the Boshringer company in Vast Oermany in 1954/55 and tba company was put in touch vitb Dov to get help. Boabringar aaa alao asking 2,4,5triofaloropbonol. on 11 February 1957 Boabringar arota to Dov to explain vbera the eblanrmatm producing agent was foread in tba 2,4,s-trichicropfasnol process. Sba chlcracmegen n s ' identified ms 2,3,7,t-tetraehlrodibaasodiexia(dloxin> in 1957 Boabringar alao inforead Dov about tba need to beep tba : taeparatura lov in tba trichlorophenol process, Blgber temperatures would lead to the tarnation of vara of tba dioxin, tba contents of this latter appear to have bean ignored. Bad tba infcarestion bean noted, Dov would not have ; triad to incraasa tba-production of trlohlorophanol in.1944 ' by raining the tcaparatura of tbe prooaas. | Dew's tricbioropbanol procaaa nut known to produne ` aatarials oapabla of causing dblaraona aa far book as 1944. ; Samples tram the trichlorophenol process vara tested for their potential to cause chloracna In tba aanaitiva rabbit' aar tast in 1944, and again in 1957. She samples gave a positive response Indicating that they had tba potential to i. causa chloracna in nan. Sbssa samples would have bean ` contaninated with dioxin. | 'It van not until aces of Dow' own aaployees working am th4 ( tricolorophanoi process davalopad chloracna in 1954 that Daw : took steps to ranedy the situation. The sain reason far the outbrsak of ahloraena was a ahange in tha triebloropbanol : nsnufaeturing prooadura deaignad to incraasa production. Zn 1945 Dov convened a secret nesting of tba various manufacturer* of triohloropheeol -and tha 2,4,5-T herbicida , nade fros it- to inform than about tba dioxin problem. Dow ' scientists explained that tba dioxin would be carried ovar I tram tba tricblorophanol procsss iato tba finished 2,4,.$-9 ' herbicida which was on sale. Daw was anxious to avoid * chloracna occurring in members of tba public, fearing that if ' this happened, tba whole 2,4,5-9 industry would be hit and ! restrictiva legislation banning tbe herbicida, or severely 1 controlling it, would follow. Dow said that tha dioxin t: osntoniasfciaa of tha herbicide eliwdltl *A mmtrtmml 1 jmx-L per ` million (ppm). Many 2,4,5-T fanulations on tha market in 1948 !.bad dioxin conoantrations exceeding this levai. Dow porotoswad ; 2,4,5-T acid from other manufacturara and ona batch of 100,000 lb from Maneante bed s dioxin level of between 3-7 II 19 t h ppm ( according to an internal u n of 35 Fabruary 1155}. M r vas concerned about tbo quality of the Monsanto product but ; allevad the 100,00C lb to ba used bacanas tba ehaaioal was already 1 packages, and already in the pipeline. 8ca* 10 casas of chloraena are reported to have ooourrad At Dear Canada in 196. tba eases w r a .-at Fort Saskatchewan and the: people involved sere anting Dovicides, possibly Dowieids G. Tbe seating of the sanufastavars remained an lstamal attar. And the serious eoneegoaneas of dioxin contamination of 2 ,4,5-T did not begout public knowledge until 1970. In 1959 the Bionetlcs Boaearch Laboratory report noting that 2,4,5-T caused waifcreations in rodents, vaa published. She Collaring year it was suggested that tba teratogen capable of causing these nalforastiona was dinarin. There bad bean no reetrictioas on the sale of 2,4,5-T, nor any suggestions that it posed a health risk, before this. It is uy view, based on the docunant* Z have read, that Ode had axple warning of the dangers of dioxin in its trlcbloecpfcenol process, but did nothing about it until 1954/5. Oov bad received clear guidance free Boehrlngar in 1957 about the problem areas in the trichlorcpbanol proaesS. It also knew ( as far bade as 1944 )that sample* free,tbe . process could causa Qhleracne. The cause of the Boahringer problaas was identified in 1957 and tba information openly published. Oov also knav that ebloraona eight not ba the only consequence of exposure to dioxin, but that internal injuries < ( particularly to tba liver} night also occur. German doctors docueeated tbe consequences of dioxin exposure in paper published In 1957. Tbs earlier history of the a&lorinatad nap&thalenes also indicated that ohlorsane eight be hat a warning of other, internal, injuries. fours sincerely av klssteir Hay,Ph.O. Senior Lecturer in University of Leads. oal Pathology I H\ CURRICULUM VITAE Nam: Atasair W att MacIntyre Hay DOB: 2 1 tt April 1947 Place of berth: Gtaapow. Scotland Nationality: Degrees: British BSc (Hons), O w rm strr HA London 1989 PhD. Biochemistry. London T973 wore Adores: Department of Clemhod Pedwh/vr Old Medical School University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9NL England Present Appointment: University Lecturer in Chemical Pathology nee Apr! 1979 (University of Leeds) Leeds. England Former Appointments: Research Fellow Zoologies! Soc. of London September T972 Hqemher 1B77 Research F tto w Umversttv of Leedk Nutrition December 1977 March 1979 Societies: Biochemical Society British Pharmacologreal Society Association of CFnieal Biochtmiata Bone and Tooth Society British Toxicology Department Merita) Status: Msrried - wrf - Wendy On mnn Tnm - D.O.B. 7.1.80 Scholarships 19T7 - Svieiilifrc Jou rn al N ature: T re re tin p Soholerehip Membership of IX Government Com nena ID Meorcji & toxicology Panel. Ministry ot Agriculture Fisheries and Food. 1987 - date ffl) Advisory Comminaa on Recycling. Department 0^ Trad* and Industry Scot 1989-March 1990. (] Working Croup on th* Chemicals nf Tnric (WATCH) - Health and Safety Executive Sept 1989-dsta. Irv) Cofloauium for UK Members of the Ad-Hoe Group of Scientific on Limit Value. Health l Safety Exocutnre June 1990-dan. tv) Working Group to R e*irw the Indicative Criteria for Occupational Exposure lim its. Health and Safety Executive. Doc 1990-Jan 1991. PtfrrCymtirBSg (vi) Working Party on Health Effects of Hazardous Waste. British Medical Association. Dac 1989-Jan 1991. Acpon nubUehod June 1991 Hazardous W atte and Human Health, Oxford University Press i9 9 t. PgfgTTttP Invited to become Follow of Collegium Remezxini June 1991 fiSSBBBQHU Participant in World Health Organisation/intemationsl Agency for Research on Cancer Workshop on Health Risks of Exposure to Chlorinated Dibanzedioxins and Chlornatad Dibeitzefurarv (January 1978). Consultant to United States Enrironmen u l Protection Agency on Health Risks of rHnrinatwt Rtoxint - Cindnnetti July 1983. Consultant to United States mane tal Protection Agency on Health Risks of Chlorinated Dibenxofurans Oncirmatt May t9 8 6 . Other Consultane. (0 Expen witness for Royal Commission on the tree and effects or Chemical Ayerna m i Australian Personnel in Vietnam. Sydney, Australia July 1984. (iil Expert Witness on beharr of Vietnam Veterane in Agent Orange lawsuit in New York March/Aprii 1984. (Hi) Expert Witness on behalf of former Monsanto employees m lawsuit against Monsanto Charleston(West Virginia, United States - July tm Grant Rmewrnc II National environmental Baaaareh CawneS ii) The Wellcome Trust IHI Oreenpaace nvliw inn-iii! T m l Jnumd Reviewing i) Nature H) Annals of Clinical Biochemistry in) Disasaars ivi O rtica) Sciane v) British Journal efIndurata! Madicina DoCaberation with indurai Companies i) Sterrino Wfaithrop. Inv s tigation of tha rota of Dannai In tfw treatment o f Ostooporeeis 1B8B89. 34.000 grant ritti 0 PunSa. iil Upjohn. Investigation of tha Hast of Provai* rm Ron# Minneni Trimnvar. lURIMlO. 24.000 piant with O P w d L rii) Scharme Haafth Caro: Invastipation ef rota of oombtned o an ro p an /p vtiaM S iii on bona w n o n l turnover. 1988-90. C29.000 pram with D Pvrdta. il Schering I laallh Cara: 2 treat ntreatiostion of tha affieaey of a cowbinad oastrapan/propactapan on treatment of osteoporosis. Dae 1991-Jun* 1993UU6.UUU pram vntn m>: J Unto. Current ftaaearch Students 2 tuO-vroe PhD students. li) Investigation of affect of haatnr m etal* on rnm unt function Financed by Association of Commonwealth Universities Oct 1989-Sapt 1992. (ii) In v M tip atian o f th * offoc t o f t o m e o n irrm unt function in H als. Financed by Greenpeace Environments: Trust. Oct 1990-Sept 1993. 1 Part-time PhD student The effect of myocardial infarction and anntactics on the renal tubule. Oct 1984-date Previous Research Students 2 awarded PhDs. 2 completed 3 year research period but failed to ttrrii*I*m rim* 3 Stvdvnts undenJdng r**jreh projte t i for Feliowshp) of Medical laboratory Sciences. Raaeareh Grant Awards Pirrnca Leeds Westem Haetth Authorrty 3 rear 1982-5: MRC Studentship. 1986-89. Current Greenpeace Scientific Trust Effect of Toxins on immune function in wets. 1 2,50 0 Oct 90-Spt 91 13,000 Oet 91-Sept 92 Collaborative project with Or S Evans. GribenUan Foimditkxi Pubfio Attitudes to Recycling 7.000 dec 1990 See afco- industrial collaboration. Brant Applications submitted Application to MAC for 3 year (35,0001 grant to sat up a pharmacokinetic model to predict methadone concentrations in piesma after a ample doae of the drug, and to 'mvesbgaie the pharmacclopicaUp erchoiopical factors whleh may contribute to aooicts reman ing addiciad to opians following treatment wrdi methadone. Other HetaonsWitie* (i) RasponsftilitY for Dwoanmental Toxicotopv Service tor Leeds General Infirmary (since September 19841. <ii) Member of Leeds District HeeRb Authority Drugs Advisory Committee. 19B7-90. liiii Member Leads City Council Waste Research Group Sept 89- l.v) Member L e m lt City C t n e K i A U n m y Committee Reducing Hazardous Waste discharges from domestic sources. Invitaticns to Speak at International Conferanoes/Wnrtshopi 1 5th Parathyroid Conferm ot Oxford 1975. Paper presented: Comparative Aspect* of Vitamin D transport. 2 2nd International Workshop on Calcified Tissues. Israel March 1986. PlOOr oresemtd. 'A Possible role nr viramin D m verrebrate rvokrbon' 3. 3rd Workshop on Vitamin 0 . Asdomar California 1977. Paper presented. Evolution of vitamin D serum transport proteins* 4. International Agency for Research on Canectr. Member of Working Group to esseet the earcinogeniciCr of polychlorinated dibenxediomns & dibensofurtnt. Lyons.Prance January 1978. 5. 3rd international Workshop on Calcified Tissues. Israel March 1988. Paper presented: Vitamin D Metabolism in New World Primates'. 8. Meetrh Effects of Heiogertstsd Aromatic hydrocarbons. Conrerance Organised by New York Academy of Sciences May 1979. Papar presented. 'Accidents in Trichtorophenoi plants: a need lor realistic surveys to ascertain risks to health'. 7. CHorineted Oioxrts and Related Compounds: Impact on the Environment. Rome. October 1980 Piper presented 'Exposure to TCOO: the health neks' 6 Human and Environmental Risks of Chlorinated Dioxins and Retoted Compounds. Arlington. Virginia October 19B1. Member of panel tc assess human epdemiology and to write the report on 'Human O b safvaw n s'. 9. Symposium on the B ochm astry of Vitamin O Function Biochemical Society London 1961- Paper h aiw u ed T h e role of iwembrane lipids in the expression of vitamin D function in the intestine! mucosal caff*. 10. Royal Society of Chemistry Symposhm on Chemistry end Society. Leeds 1981. Paper presented 'The eocial consequences of producing and tamo the herbicide 2 .4 ,6 -T . 1 1. Herbicides In War: The long-term Ecological and Human Consequences, Hn Chi Minri Pity. Vietnam January m m . Paper pmaantari nn 'Experiments! Toxicology and Cyt ogenetics'. 17. Urvted States Environmental Protection Agency. Member of Working G roup to Produce `H ealth A aaaaam ent D ocum ent for PelycH erinow d Diberuo-p-droxms' Cincinnati. Juty 1983. 13 American Chemical Society Symposium on Chlorinated Dioxins and O iitix u lv iin t hi the Tula! 6iivhunmenu Washaiptutt D.C. August 1983. Paper presented 'The mutagenic properties of 3 .7 .8 Tetraehloridibeneo-o dioxin'. 14. Royal Commission on the Use end ETfocts of Chemical Agent* on Australian Peraonnei in Vietnam. Export testimony presented at 3-day hearing in Sydney, AustraSa Jufy 1984. 15 Umiad States Environmental Protection Agency. Member of Working Group to produce report 'Health Assessment Document for Polychlorinated Oibenxofurans'. Chxpnnet), May 1986. 16 Royal Society of Chemistry Downland Lecture. University of Sussex. November 1966. Paper presented 'Chemical Warfare in the 1980's: s return to trenches'. 17 International Symposium on Chemical Warfare. Sorborme, Pari*. January 1989. Paper presented on ' Toxicology of chemical warfare agents*. 18. International Conference of Cocoa Workers. Sponsored by Oxtam Itie u t. Brasil May 1989. Peoer presented: 'Toxicology o f Pesticides used in cocoa production'. 19. Institution of Occupational Safety end Health, Seibv/Leods. October 1989, Paper presented: 'Exposure limits for worker protection: fact or fiction. 20. Science and the Total Cnvepnroem/Bnsish Councrt. Dundee April 1990. Paper presented: ' A recent assessment of cocoa and pacbeidaa in Brazil: n unhealthy bH u f for (dsrrtatinn w o rker*' 21 United Natone Environmam Programme (UNEP). Member of small working group to produoe report for UNEP Secretary General on ` Chemical W eapon* end th * H um an Cmriroomwnt'. Geneva July 1 3 0 0 . 22. 5th International Enwrprwnin d impact Seminar: Environmental Monitoring and Control. October 1990. organised by Industry and Environment Associates. Paper praaantad: T oaiuHcgy In the Workplace and Surrounding W ane Disposal Sites'. 23 . United States Senate Forefri Relations Committer Invitation to present anpert testimony at hitarnsuonsl Parliamentary Consultation Conference on Kurdish Human Rights. W ashington D.C. Match 1991. Paper presented: 'Chemical Warfare and the Kords'. 24. Symposium : Science and the C h in n . Nuffield foundation. Manchester. June I j t l . Paper pieeented: 'A Woriring Seiemiet'e Perspective*. 25. International Workshop on Dioxin Standards, RaWgh, North Carolins. Saotember 1991. Paper praaantad: `Exposure to dioxins in industry'. AteV. Piasemations/Poners to Nutrition Socaety/Encocrine Society/Bone & Tooth Socty/Association o f C M cal BMehenusts. Seminars to Depts of O iem' try/Biochemistry /Medicine at Universities of Edmburgh/Heriot W att l2x)/Manehastar/Sassox/Bratfterd/Roval Hollowav College (Londonl/Kings Cclieg Seminars at Hope Hospital Manchester/Hiphiands Hospital, EnfieW/Pcntefrjct Hosoitai-Pont#fractrt.aads infirmary/Trent Polytechnic Dost ol Chemistry (2x>/Northern CoMage IBsmsIay). EUBJCA Tiaa 1) Alastair Hay. "The Qwoacat Scythe: Lessons of 2 ,4 ,5-T and d o o i'. 265pp. N.Y. London. Plenum Pros. August 1982. Reormted 1985. * * 7 a] *S o n Murphy. * Alesrair Hav and Steven Roes. 'No Fire, No Thunder*. The threat of chemical and biological warfare. * * 13509. London. Pluto Piece. February 1984. b) United Sanaa. Monthly Aannaw Press. New York. November 1984. e) Jaoanese translation -- The English Agency (Japan Ltd) August 1985. 3) re tw ilurat. Ataaeair Hoy, Mpet Dudley. The Peadcld e Handbook. 388pp. London. Journeyman August 1991 * * Riot-gf.Baste 1. Hay. A.W .M . Comparative aspects of vitamin D transport. Irt: Calcium Regulating Hormones. The Proceedings of the 9th Parathyroid Confernca. pp 409-407. Amsterdam. Esarpta Medtea (1975). 2. *Hy, A.W .M . & Watson. G. Evolution of vitamin D strum transport [retains in vitamin O: Biochemical, Chemical and Clinical Aspects related tp Calcium Metabolism (Ed. by Norman. A.W . at el) pp 483-489. Berlin end New York. W elter de Grtryter, [1977) 3. *H ay, A .W .M .. Hesssm, A.G .. Crawford, M .A .. Stevens, P.A_ Mewcr, f .R. A Case. L. The abiStv of 1a. 2B4l/hvdroxvchoiecaltifero to alter the fatty sod composition of phosehogfyeeridea in rat intestinal mucosa and smooth muscle h Vitamin 0 Basic Research and its Cfinieel Application IEd-by Norman, A .W .. et lU . 1031-4 Baffin & New York. Walter de C ru y w r.< ig 7 g ). 4. Halogeneted hydrocarbons. *Hay A .W .M . in 1981 EST Yearbook of Science & Technology. McGraw-Hill pp 198-200. 5. *H ey. A.W .M . Exposure to TCDD: the health risks in chlorinated dioxins and related compounds. Impact on the Environment. Edit. byO. Huwnper. *t al. pp 589-600. Oxford. Penmagon Press,119821. 6. *H sy. A .W .M .. Mawer. E.B., Hassan. A .G .. Crawford. M .A. & Stevens. P A . The role of essential fatty acids in vitamin 0 depend# calcium absorption in the imBStine/ Proc. of 5th vitamin D workshop. Vitamin 0 : chemical biochemical wid finical endocrinology of calcium metabolism. PP 309-311 Bertn & N.Y. Wattar de Gruyter (1982} 7. *Hav. sivlr Fxnenmemal TOrocotoqv end CYtOoeneDCS' an overview in Herbicides in W ar. the long term human and ecological consequences. Ed. by A.H Westing, pp 181-166. London & Phitadeiphi. Taylor & Francis 1984. 8. Cung. Birth Trurrg, Hay A.W .M . et al. Experimental toxicology and cytogenetics: Symposium summary m l lerbid dc j n Wsr. the long term human tnd ecological consequences. Ed. A .H. Westing pp 153-155. London & Phriaoetprita. Tsytor 4 Pranas 1984. i 9. Hay, A listair, `Biolopiesi Weapons' in S d.Ttch. Report. Cunentnsuts in Science * Technology. Edit, try John Turn*?, pp. 162-164. *o to Prets. London & Sydney. (18B4>- 10. Hay, Alastair. T allo w Rain' in Sa'.Ttch.fteoori. Current issues in Science & Technology. Edrt. by John Turney. op. 164-166. London & Sydney. Pluto Press. 1984. 11. "Hay. Alastair. `The Mutagenic properties of 2 .3 .7 ,8-Tetra-chlorcberaop -d n x m ' in `Chlorinated Dioxins and DAerauhirens in the Total Environment - I f . Edit, by L.H. Keith. 6 . Choodhary l C Rappe. butterwortn f'uensner* 1384. po-237-307. 12. Huttn. R.P., Morgan, D.B.. Antonis. A .H .. Clegg, C .. Dodds. T ., Hay. A .W .M .. Hohan, J ., Penney, M .. Schoreh, C J .r Shettawy. M . & D.P. Srinivasan. The faieehemieai and nutritional stale of 1200 psiianta m a mental hoaphaf. in Biological Psychiatry - Recant Stupes CEd. by G.D. Burrows. T.R. Norman & K.P. Maguirel London John Libbey & Co Ltd.. 00 240-252.(19851 13. "Alastair Hay. Environmental Pollution. Review article tor B.8.CDotnetday Project November 1986. 14. Hey, A. Chemical Warfare and the Kurds. A paper preeented et the International Parftamemary Consortsbon Conferenoa on Kurdish human rights. Washington DC 27 February 1991. (m press) Fun Papers in Refereed Journals 1 "Hay. A .W .M .. Sinclair. A J . & Ray, W .G. Seme useful techniques in l'ni leyi olvuHMtuwap<>T Journal of Laboratory ryacboe 23. 403-404, 11974). 2. "Hay, A .W .M . 8 Ray, W.G. A simple macrotome. Journal of Laboratory Practice. . 3b n y roi. 3. "Hay. A.W .M . & Watson, G. Binding of 2 5-hydroryvttamm D j to plasma protein in New World monkeys. Nature 29B. 150 (1975). 4. Hay. A M W. The transport of 25-hydroxychoieeateHerol in a New World monkey. Biochemical Journal 1S1. 1 9 3 -1 9 6 (1 9 7 5 ). 5. "Hay. A.W .M . & Watson, G. The plasma transport proteins of 25hyeroaycholacalciforol in mammals. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 5 3 B. 163-166 (1976). 6 "Hay. A.W .M . & Watson. G. The plasms transport protein of 25hydrprychoiecalciferoi in fish, emphibia, reptiles and birds. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 5 3 5 .1 8 7 -1 7 2 (1 9 7 6 ). 7. "Hsy, A.W .M . & Watson. G. The binding of 25hydroxychpiecalciferoi and 2 5-hydrosvergocakJIool to tissue binding proteins m a New World and an Old World primate. Comparative Biochemistry and mystowgy. M B , 131-134 n s 7 7 ). 8 "Hay, A.W .M . & Watson. G. Vitamin D j in vertebrate evolution. Comparative Biochemistry and PhysiologY. 56B. 374-380 (1977). 9. *H ay, A.W .M . A Watson. G. Cndino prcoertie of arum vitamin D transport proteins in vertebrates for 24R, 254iydroxvcho)eeateiferoi and 24S. 2 5 - h y tir p x y c h o la c a lC T>w oi in vitro. Comparative taoenemtsny and Physiology. 58a 2 -*$ (1977}. 1G. *Hav. A.W .M . & Jonas. G. The elution profile of vitamin D ; metabolites v i Sepftadec LH20. CGnical Chemistry-25, 473-475 (1979}. 11. ' Hay, A.W .M . Acodons In tricHocophenol plants: a need for realistic uirveys ta aaon ain risk to health. Proceedings of the New York Acadamy of Sciences. 320. 321-324 (1979). 12. *H ay, A .W .M ., Hassarn, A.G .. Crawford. M A ., Stavent. P A ., Mawar. E.M. and F. Suthartand Jonat. Eemil fany add rwsuiction inhibits vitamin 0 dependent cataum absorption. Lipids. 5, 251-4 (19S0). 13- -Flem ing. J -, Cooper, EJ-I., Hay. A .W .M ., Morgan. D.B. A Parapia. (_ Tubuloprimniuii at Cancer 0 >ai>u |lia<apy. La fltecroa CBniea LaOoratoira. If i, 135-141 (1980). 14. - Fleming. J .J .. Child, J.A .. Cooper. E H ., Hay. A .W .M .. Morgan. D.B. & Parapid. L. Ran tubular carnage w ithout gtomcrutar damage a ll*' cytotoxic dugs and amtnogiycoaida Biornedicina. 33. 251-254 (1980). 15. Christine Emery, Russell M. Young, D. Brian Morgan, Alastair W.M. Hey, David Tete-Donkor A JBt Rubython. Tubular damage m patients wtth hyookalaamia. Cinica Qemica Aeta 140. 231-238 (19841. 1 6 Shehawv. M ,, Newton. H., 'H ay , A .. Morgan, D.B. A HuHin. R.P Tha contribution of dietary vitamin D and sunlight to tha plasma 25-hydrory vitamin 0 in tha aidtrly. Clinical Nutrition, Human Nutrition 38C, 191 194 (1984). 17. -G illies. D.R.N.. Hay, A.. Shottewy. M. A P J . Corigdon. Effect of phototherapy on olasma 25 (OH)- vitamin D in neonates. Biology of the Neonate. , 225-227 (19041. 18. Newton. H .M .V .. Shehawy, M .. *H ay. A .W .M . A D.B. Morgan. Tha relations between vitamm D j. and D j in the diet and oiasma 25 O HDj and 25 OHD3 m elderly women m Britain. American Journal Clinic! Nutrition 41, 760-764 (198SI. 19. Hay. A. Cremi pon and the inw rpnrnent . Wiaros Imemational Jotm al of the Cremation Society of Greet Britain. . 16-25 (1986) 20 -P rir* . D.F.. Mehta. A . Pak. B.K.. Hav. A. and M.P. Feeiy. Effect of ow-deat phenotaarbltone on 3 indices of hepatic microsomal anzyme * * induction. British Journal of Cftmcal Pharmacology. Z Z- 744-747 (1986). 21 NedVpmi, S.. Faye. S., A.W.M. *Hsy Fsperienr vrirtl the use Of the Tcxi-Lsb TLC System m screening for morplsne/heroin abuse. Annals Of Clinical Biochemistry. 24 . 211-212 (19871 22. ftMiSue. D .. " Hay, A ., Abba*. 5 . C H w o cf Penal an m w ral homeostasis in normal postmangpauest 'woman. Journal of the Royal Society of Medfene fifi, 681-2 (1987). 23. Naaksm , S-, *H sy, A .W .M ., Peye. S. end P.J. Oungdon. ThaophyWne and caffeine m neonates. Armais of C&nieal Biochemistry 25 . 408-4-10 (1988). 24. Putter, T ., f t rw e l. A J , woes, P.G.. Hay, A . 4 m .p . foety. use of a pharmaeoiogrcar indicator to compare compBonce with tablets prescribed * * to bo taken once, twica or throe Timas dotty. CJcncsl Pharmacology wid Therapeutics. 4 ,8 4 0 -8 4 8 (1 9 6 8 ). 25. W etff, K.. Sanderson. M. and Hay, A .W .M . A rapid horUontal nietfipd tor detecting drugs of abuse. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry 27- 482- * * AAR 11M O ). 26. W o lff, K., Shanab, M A , Sanderson M. and Hay. A .W .M Screening for drugs of abuse: The fleet of heat betting urma for the safe handing * * of samples fe rn Aide. OM oel Cbemletry 36f6) 908-91(1 (1990). 27. W olff, K,, Sanderson. M .. H ay*, A. W .M *. 6 Ratrick. 0 . Methadone concentrations in plasna and thair ralatianahip to drug dosage. Crimea! * * ClantRsuy 97 tt) 205-20 (1991). 2B. W o lff. K .. Hay. A. 6 Haistrit*. O. Mothadena in Saliva. Clinical Chemistry 37(7) 1297-8 (1991) 29. -W o lff. K .. Hay, A. & Rsfetriefc, D. High dost methadone 6 the need for plasma drug measurement. * * Oirrical Chemistry (Case Report) (in press) 3 0 . + W olff, K... Hey, A *.. Raistriek, 0 .. Calvert, R. 6 Faahr. M. Measuring compttance in mothadone maimerence patients: use of a ptarsmacoiogical indicator to esemete mothadone plasma Meals. C M cal Pharmacology & Therapeutics SQ. 199-207 (1991) 31 - Uoyd, 0 ., s u > ,Uoyd. O .L .L , Uoyd. M .M ., WWieins F.LR .. McKenzie, A. A A. Hay Torwritv *m r> Rarvwnrt ami Fat Cew Svndroma. or from industrial ehemcals: tha value of epidemiological analysis for interpreting eSmeopathoiogicai findings. The Science of The Total Environment JJJ&, 83-96 (19911. 32 Hay, A. A recent assessment of Cocoa and Pesticides in & aril: An unhtalthy bland for Plantation Worksrs. The Science of the Total Environment TOE. 97-109 (1891). 33 W olff. K.. Hay. A.W .M . and Rahrtrick. J. Plasma methadone measurement and thew role in methadone detoxification programmes. Clinical Chemistry (in press). 34 Purdie, D .. Hay. A. & Everett. M . Ellacts of SHO 3861. on mineral metabolism in trie human menoosuee. Maturitas (in press). Etfitoriafa. Ccnfmance Reports. Reviews in Scientific Journals 1. M V . A.W .M . Vitamin 0 at A llom ar. Reoort of 3rd workshop on Vitamin D. Nature 2S & 17-18 (19773. 2. Hay. A.W .M . Combatting rickets. Nature 27 0, 2B9 (1977). 3. Hay, A.W .M . Tatrachtorodibera p-p-diosm ralaaae at Seveso. Disaster 1(43. 289-308 (19771. 4. Hay. A.W .M . KAmtifying carcingena. Nature, 2 , 468-470 (1977) 5. Hay, A.W .M . Halogwtatad Hydrocarbon Effects. Natura. 274. 533-534 (1 9 7 8 ). 6. Hay. Alastarr. Dioxin workshop- Natura. 276. 3 0 4 (19783- 7. Hay, Alastair. Saraso: No answers yet. Disasters, 183-168 11978) 8. Hay, A. ComtSnatas of vitamin 0 metaboism still increasing. Nature. 278. 509-510 11979). 9 Hay. A lattar. Skin toxicology. Natura. 27 9. 37 5 (1979) 30 Hay. Alaatair. Dioxin and 2 ,4 ,5 ,-T: what ara the risica? Natura. 284. i l l (1980). 11. Hay, Alastair. New pathways for chlorinated dioxins. Natura. 2 9 4 . 514-515 (1981). 12. Hay. Alastair. Vitamin D: sunlight and precursors. Nature. 29 7, 364 (1 9 8 2 ). 13 Hay. A. It kkts weeks. DUt what about M vuvi*' New Scientist. 23- No1314 pp 158-181 (1982). 14 . Hay. A ., Murphy, S.. Robinson. J.P. 4 Rom . S. The poison cloud hanging over Europe. New Scientist 9 3 . No.lZSB on. 63P-63S (1982). 15 Hay, Atestair. At war with ehermsoy. New S ew n ! 101. 12-18 (1RR4). 16. Alest Hay. How the chemical industry could cha in up its act. New Scientist 12 February 1987. vol 113. p. 63-64. 17. Alastair Hay. Hcrw to idemily a carcinogen. Nature 3 3 2 . 782-7B3 (19881. 18 AWsleii FUy. Recycling m Waste Management. Vol. (2) 13(1-137 11990). 19. Alastair Hay. Testmg Time lor The tests. Nature 350, 555-556 (1991). Pamphlet/Raoom 1 -Robinson. J.P., Murphy. S.. Hay. A .W .M ., & Rosa. S. The threat of chermcel weapons. Spokesman Pamphltt. 38po (1982) 2. Alartarr Hy i Geoff Wnptrt. Ona is not enough. The Casa for recycling Frienrtx of the Earth. 48op (19831. 3 Jane Forshaw. A ta u ir Hey k Geoff W rip h x. Fashionable W an t: The Matca-vo o f a Raeydor. Savt W ane and Prosper. Leeds. 46pp (1990)- 4. -W esiino , A, E n . E .A , G oM H at J. Hay. A .W .M . ; ut Chemical Waasona and tfw Human Eneirutenent. Rttjort to the Sacratary G erm a)of the UNEneaonman t Programma. July 1990 im press). Scientific Abstracts and t e t f le Jaumata 32 Other Scientific Artidea/Booli Reeiews 111 contributions, principally to Nature. Radio/Tclevnion Scrinty 7 crrinta written bv me for piogrsinnics I presented. USTOPPUBUCATTOWS Book! D Ataanir Hav. T h * Chemical Sevthe: Lessons of 2,4 .5 -T and d cxin '. Pieman Prus N Y. & London. 265pp. Published August 1382- Rapm ta c tie s . 2a) *Scn Murphy. *Aiastair Hay and Steven Ro m . 'No H r*. No Thunder'. Th throat of ehwnical and biotapical warfare. Pluto Pros i. London 135pp. Published February 1984. b) Unhad S ta tu . Publisher* - Monthly Review P rau. New Press. Now York. November 1984. c) Japanese translation - Putfishcr Tho Eng&xh Agancy (Japan Ltd) August I9 ttb . 31 - Peter Hirst. A lu tair Hay. Nigel Dud)ay. U ^ We Spray: A Pesticide Hondbeek. Pfcno Press (1991) at Draw pnmohllts/Roports 1 Robineon. J.K., Murprty, S., Hoy. A .W .M ., A Roes, 5. Tho threat of Chemical weapons Spokesman Pamphlet, 38pp (19821 2. Alastair Hay & Gooff Wright. One is not enough. The Case for recycling. Friends of the Earth 46pp (19891. > 3 . Jane Forshaw, Alastair Hay & Geoff Wright. Fochionabte Waste: The Mafce up of a Reorder. Save Waste and Prosper. Leeds. 46pp (1990). 4 . Westing. A. Ezz. E.A., GoMbtat. J. Hay. A.W .M . et al. Chemical Weaoon* and tha Human Environment. Report to the Oec u tary General of the UN Environment Programme. July 1990 (in press!. Scientific Abstracts and Letters to JoumHs 1. -Sinclair. A .J.. Fiennes, R .N.T.W ., Hay. A .W .M ., Watson. G., Crawford. M .A., & Hart, m .G. Lino)emc acid deprivation in Capuchin monkeys. Proe.Nutr.Se.. 3 2 , 49A (1974). 2. Hay, A.W .M . Ine transport uf vitamin D in tho Giant Pends, Trana.ZpnLSoe.lpnd.- 139* 140 (1976). 3. Hev.A.W .M . Vitamin D transport m vertebrate*. Proc-Anat SocJ A n a t. )2 2 . 195 (19781 4. Hay, A.W .M . A possible role for vitamin D in ventbrate evolution. Pros, of the 2nd (nttrrnsttonal Workshop on Calcified T * * u * i. (Abstract). IsrJ.M ad.Sci. 12, 31-32 (1976). 5 Hay, A.W .M . Vitamin D j metabolism in New World primates. P ru t, uf the 3rd Imemationel Workshop on Calcified Tissues, tsrael 6-9th March 1978. 0- *H *v. A .W .M .. Oeriino. M . h Watson. G. Rickets and vitamin 0 metabolism m primates. Proc.Nutr.Soe. 27 . 42A (19781 7. Hsy, Alastair. Vitamin A assay m UNICEF. Foodmix Disasters. 2 , 82*84 II9 7 B ). (Letter). 8 Rivers. J.P.W .. Frenkel. TL-L Junta. S & Hay. A.W .M . Vitamin D in the nutrition or tne Cat. Proc.Nutr.Soc. 2 fl. 36A (1979). 5. -C are. A .D .. n o u rd . D.W ., R vu . R.. Hay. A .W .M ., Garvi .I.M . k Redel. J. A comparison of the effects of 25.26- dhydorxycholecal - ciferpl (2S.2S-DHCC) and 24,25-DHCC on calcitoien secretion rate in vitamin D depleted pigs. J Endocrinology fi5 (2), 54 -55 (1980). 10. *Hav, A .M .W .. Mswer. c.B., Hassam. A.G .. Crswiurd, M A . A P.A. Stewart, Intestinal, 1,25dthvdrexychoiecalciferoi-dependent adoum absorption inhibited by essential fatly acid restriction. Proceedings of Nutri.Soc. 2SL 89A. (1980). -iN*-w M r u n a w lc k M a d r i d l o u u r C j u O O .n To t ro u r f i l e w n o lo d a la a h a a ta o r a r li * o u r h a r t ie l.ia a *inJ c u r r t n l p r ie nn Jtrvahk111 aial bui a u ffa a t , e*(ulr f o u r L e u p n c i -lia n jru u r lu t a r | i l r a o a n i i a ra ajiowi. I t r u a t U rvaluaad I n f a n t a l i oc v i l i n ab la 70.1 tu o n r c u n >na o f /o u r probi aa. I ha* hard canjr o n N p lln actarr r w r i a to u t .'/ir |>*|jr t Uia t a a l a m UJ K aatln * ) a a l a m ili In Jualw '' ' i t j . Il vae a p p a ra n ti/ vary v a li re c e lT a d . I f 70 u ra g u lra any fu rtn a r Ini < r > jl ti . pi* l a t ua kiwv and va rtll tr y to h a lp you o u t. Tour* Tary'trul/, CHlrtUK QOMIOLU L U tlT O . w. 4. 3t UiitCbJCr 4 hr\ M m rM rU U > * , *. . un ilX h , tvM la u iC M k C kin laal*, U a ir ! O rnarlo. Ut*n(.tnl A tr fu U u r a l C laalaala . la*r* U trip m * &aar A ir: w la h l o U a n t f<w t u r y u r L a li r f Mar 2J ad. Ma 11 1 h a p l* a a d In o a p a r l a a n l U h r -\ar B rm a k Man* Z a l a a and p u r I m a ! t a n a U a V o l a t i l o , MiaM Marra W U W a a Maa la U t* f l u i d f\r i tu a waaMa and te a M a i h H la n p p W iaa t aa U t* algM t and nna M ali ara asparlaam tal p ia la n k t k a v * Maaa a a l ap la -m r S a la i JaMa M a t r i c i . I l la U H I M I a p ra rta c M |r Ma a l a r i ad U l m a . l a p a nn dna Mi ra a -- Mar, wa ara ln l*n d ln < la t r r * r d l i f a n M a ^ n r * a U | u a ta r aa a ari t * r u 4 t u a r a # M l a i tU a ^ aprapa u i a | i l a* a a a r r ta r. Ma rn a ld a p p a ia ta la any U f n u t t m p c M eupply nn t u a a a a a a tra llo a la I aaad m m p ra ra rtn la n p a lln n a t a a U ll * a i apnar a n lu lin a , ( i . a . usfva 3, 1B | ) , t , J -T t o t bruoli Manu} u lt a a l l a a a a r r t a r . (Sir a la r a a la t ln * la u l a ap n i nna p ia i n i ( l u a l i i l i * la p ii lana * f m u r . I l appaura iM dt r p i d i la p a ra la * * a a lid a r i m a r a i a l a i a r d a l* a n i a U k la tttank f - u I I I I IV I I I I 1 The NB following is a t ranscript of Document Power Affidavit of Documents 92. # 2484-2485, from the r Naugatuck C h e m i c a l s Division o f D o m i n i o n R u b b e r C o m p a n y L i m i t e d L e t t e r to: (The New Brunswick Electric Power Commission) Fredericton, New Brunswick. Attention: Operations Mr. P.C. Levesque, S u p e rintendent of District Gentlemen: Thank you for your letter of June 2 0 t h ------------- the use of brush control Herbicides. In your letter you ask for information -- of materials t o ---when preparing ten gallon quantities of spray solution with oil as a carrier. This will depend to a ----ester (?) --- coverage that you can obtain from the nozzle with(out) ---- ---- equipped. I believe we mentioned in an earlier letter (that the) Shawinigan W a t e r & P o w e r , w h e n u s i n g w a s t e t r a n s f o r m e r o i l w e r e a b l e t o ----- coverage with 10 gallons per acre of brush. However, when ------------ of fuel oil, the same nozzle applied -- ----- gallons of oil mixture per acre of brush. We would suggest that you first (determine) ----- large an area can be covered with -- gallons of oil, for determining how many gallons would be required for (an acre). (When this) determination has been made, you would then be able to (tell) ------ to mix in the quantity of oil to cover one acre, ---recommendation of ---- 1 / 2 to 1 gallon of (transformer) will find t h a t --- ----- quantity of o i l ----- ---- and that you will have to (add) from 1 quart to two quarts ---- 10 gallon amount of oil. With regard to the (waste transformer) ---- experimental quantity, we should (point) out (that) ------ oil and therefore can be tested only in a water (carrier). You mention that your water ------ of chemical to 10 gallons of water, and that a -- ----- (1 0 ) gallons of the solution is applied to an acre and that ---- apply one gallon of brush - bane to the acre. In a ------- of carrier does not have too much influence on the resulting ------ and the important factor is the amount of 2,4-D or 2,4,5-T ---- two that is applied over a certain area, since the water, or the ------- matter is simply a carrying agent to aid in dispersing the ----- evenly over the area. Where the foliage is dense, naturally (you would be) --- required to lOb Naugatuck Chemicals Continued June 29, 1951 assure proper wetting and penetration into the a , brush being sprayed. When using a water sorav in l ? --- brush fit is) usually necessarv tn omr o P *ay on 8 to 10 fot tall of water to adequately cover Se a c i e ^ f ^ u S h 10S t 0 1 5 0 gallons is possible to cover one acre ____ f rush, when using oil it Page 2 --- with --- particles (drums or dump) of brush. (certain) (Yours very truly,) NAUGATUCK CHEMICALS (James A. Cruickshank) (Sales Manager - Agricultural Chemicals Eastern Division) Jam. A. Cruickshank/dgh The above was deciphered by Alastair Hay 16th August 1992. lo1 o^ct , - \ .i f<V ?( . L i ^ j p i ' Vt T o ^ a - 2 . \ l^ C Cj^vvU, w|CA_ -^vT v"j CTU^" \x-"i\ t S d j" -1 <->A. Z.O + U V a . O U . yj- ' b f o s i - i C o p r i i ^ t f U i C v c i e i 'io~uf U4ftT ^ cAa. <xlV v,j-aV'v'e3.ort rr\c^jW icJ\ "te S) o Vrv> L~ (U o-i i pf.jOt-5'i "Vft ^<AIoT> c<*. c -T r^ i 'T U * i V--i \\ c ^ p o A .^ f ') sPr"7 ce--Jer*<4. 1 c.r M c/\_ cc*^ otik^w\ -Ir^vv -YLc. rzil<_ *ni4V>/-11 * O _ lV Uu*4Qa. * ac^j'.p^eet . -L loti M a r^a^^vxaj ,*\ a.^ o-*-l* Vt^cf |l - ` l~euoJi^.Jcw \^vJcjtaS - PtTuitSy ut-^ <_ -Wu/'-l-joifN-tf C,1 '>'-j- ^.\i \c\ \-VcA-1Ci--lO-f 1 11r. _ cc oc-^lt rr o^ ^LL wc-> .I (l \ o ^J t " * * ! '* - ^j- ( o w i - 4 <J-vl_, Asi *e*rr>a- r\o2?A*- J.\\Al *j- tv\l-iciol. f *r c.c Ta yj. W r'.V Vysl)0 l o O o \tX .t ,* .c \ c \ . ... - \ (D. J \ *- -*^ C*."o-u. C_c-r\ W_ CoOi/o.J V--*tf|_ JL^Uo\S Ot -0:->; ar Aqti^n.A.ft^ ^cc-* AfcWj ^C.lioA V->CT\*.if\ V-A To^uifo4 j-oC^/N \ff ciq,,Vlr*"iinA^oft V,' ^A-r, r<\^At/ -jCTu^ \ACNa. W_ C "4o(Vo^ Ao rA.X. ><"> c^|>*r V C ' l: ' L j _ __ _ f ( 2 ( D r ^ ^-< ft ci ."i "-o \ ^ |- 4 o I ^ o- L ^ ^|- , v_ 1- i' j o i t . -' ^ V--k 11 4 . acJ <1u _ a ft ^ oi *! <1ftj A^u.4^d~u u-* l-\aOQ. */u -Jroft" I j c|J^ "f* "tv^o c|^JLt^'4,> iO oft *moo <\^ o! enI 1 O. (,.vrd ^o Aj. Vi.<. -Ur..'\-u< _ . .rv~Arv-t-.I Cyjp.icor-.r^,.KJ-^^^^>V--II C< 'J4-- 'V^|'j.tt ^ ^ C>. I Ou^\4 *A-ou|o Ce. C**.ft W - 4 q4 c4 , c.'t ij" |l C.C-S"t * o\* tWi.^ '|oof ^ cVsQft*C.*.\W IO^ 0^ \*mCi."i*%S/ *AcA 6.f C*- !*L<r .Uo . \ ^ r v i , ^ A s * s C i o 4 O A ( V - P f U d a. 4 <U s-i e A . ^ A V1 /N oj. cc-S C".jS cA O 0 \ ^ U &oOa. le rAs>c^- *|-'>jOftcA_ ^ Vsq Co\oU* ..___ l ^ J l'ut ,^\p,( 4t.4r ,( -*/a + *|- ^ or ^ u^`-T _ * . _ l'^oo A a *-^ *^ i-J >/Ovj . CarV^*. c<f-es S(rci y U*rt*C/ <- ^ P''f't"O-f1r1o**T i>S' "l~'"'Vfi,| CTf-JiA^ frjaoi 4 Ok.d A .Sj0A.ft^^U^. iOa 0 \ ftlsj OojJ ifr ftCaa.,U*Ua5Q-A-. -|^l. \e^4^fmj-- ........................... <j u>wU V^CjVv ^ ^ V--jfcA'fttj CsA<\ ^Q*\t.4`ro.,a (a.I'o 4L-*. *Aj^ Ica'IQ^ S^-tJ . 1~>Inus 1 Cs ujft.'tJ'*S^fo^ a 8 4' "twsV' 1] 1*CjvU^| ( O .1 M /*/(t\ O vAC. 0*j**^v > C Ci I J *\ . H A ' O o *.1 ^ 1 fVU i.1 f4& oyvJL ei>~L- ^3 irftp lo w j \co r^ \oo'< l o ISO LrotL.. L-LvV^ uit^ ol ."4 o -| V>c.t uT 4o "la OAC c*cfa Pa^ 3 . .. <_>.fU .U... AI 'p o ^ -c w l ( f l i \r. . . A '. \ \'i. A+U C'\o- {'_ j o 5 i ^PlOGATocU' rI I , :' ___ '"' ' ' (_C&.U l r^'r '1vjjl' ~ ^y' '--M\- 1 f. cu1A iiJ _ n _ .^ v " - ' I a tipLXj PAlcA^- l' .V rVjc^r ii N augatuck Chemicals )* I O*. * l**!* i' k4 'r i'ifc: i ; i ..i-i :.\` ``1ii '..! !> /,RiS V * s i -a t. n- / i * * t V n tla v a n t V H r, i , , - . , V -1 ' - . % *'< * e fr* p i r ; * t e :ia e o f - n i n i . . i l r - i l l e - r l o l t e i . * ' ! * t * ` . 1M t - - | s * . - r r a i * ' 1 n ' r ^ 4 * ! ra la r ia la - s e l n ( 1 ; * ? . ai* * * *. i * a : U t : 1 a a a : a p r * r . Tft * a i . : - y e n t t< 1 ! i k * t * e ^ ri a e |u lp p e * |. -o; r an 'h . a * n f r r *e n *r .* a f mt ` t - r t *. .M ils v e ir a n t l 9 e - l . n a n a i r i i a r ; l * . # r * i a h a l a r A P o v n r , a h e r u t . n ^ a s a t a t r f n i n a r -r. 1 e r e a l . '4 - w u r ' a i . n . 0 . * i ] n j m r a c r* * 0 t r i i ' l , *i *11, t.` m M:? > nl .! r . a 11 *i> c f .a : * *ps 'm f , ` e r # e * r * *e *i . *u.* * ** .. t : r P I a r r an c a n 1 a o * - r * i 1 *. f \ ' I . * . , : er to U m l l l r f i . m it rs11vis *;ld I r | i I f . le 'a m .n a t I an ha* it ~ a-te, y o u e -tld th e n I . 'o n i l lo |*j i t / - r 1 t * - r a r * ** . r e r c t B o r t i i t 1 * f ' r *? 2 ! t o* ' v - . 1 11 H nd *. a t . 1 ' r *1 ' tan ' *.r r ' * J r in i * I ;. waj el 1 * t - %; I fr r yo*- i -.at 1.1 .`ai 1 n m-* nt 11 l | U*. r^ ra r I * ip* f. neVa i* i ty , * ah ill I1 an1 pp i ' i c i - a r ! I * to *r ' -i ! M pii ia* a m i r I p ' r N r * l e a l t > 1' *a l at anJ *a nJ ; . * : i t : *< a 1 na f t ` a ' i ,,'. 1 ' . I 1 * - OCi a p r i; -.v i'ut ' n h -- ee * . m # r p p . i'T c i r r . r t ft i t il e assr*** ir n' H eprvv .v *--* v- -e*;* a n I U * l n | t t `- a n '. ' 1 lh a aj% u n i r ' la v l h a i la a. nea r a ra r U \ n ra , n e * t* e a te r, r " n a t t e r l o a ^ f l j a n t / l v a r a n t * a l in i l a p s r : ^ r ' h * a * ' * v a n i/ m r th e a * D n the ' o ' 1a fa ta te n se , ta **ira il r a q u i r a 1 l o a a a u r * i----- ^ * e r v a t i b v ^ 1 p e n e t r a l ! r n I n t e t h e ! * * Ir a a h b a in ; f r r v j a r i . Sen u H n ( a e a te r q ' n ; en P to .V ' * * la i u v u a l l j na re a e -o rj t a n i ln y f r o s lu u la 2 r a lla n # mf v a la r t r aJ s a v a r o n a a e r a a / L n t n . ffh a a u r . n f < 4 1 t l n i , a i l h l i W " f * r ://id i;-i< i 'p' tfl vi -H'Hl r If DOVI i m28r, ^ 0 6 3 ^ v, L u n g o I N M t U L A N D CRI OCT 3 0 1980 BHSSH Affi) VKED C0HT3QL OH BATLROAD RIQH33 OP VA? BT USX QP 2, 4-0 AHD 2, 4, 5- f r PAJPH8 ESSSSHTSD BHFQBB THS TORONTO RAJLMAJ CLUB Tastano, caxada 1 J a m iry 26, 1953. 1 I H l U a r d L. 3aLth Zb Dow Chaed.csl Ccnpany I IHdCUnd, M ichigan cnoH have bta used on the ballast section for weed god grass control far about 40 years in the IT.3. and Canada. 4 iarg* porcontags of tbs ehenloals that ha's boon used far this purpose have boon applied with on-trade equipment, either by the railroads themselves or by the companies In the business of rendering weed control service to the railroads. cc Two selective herbicides* 2*4-0 and 2,4*5-T have been used for brush and weed control an rights of way far several l years. It Is this phase of vegetation control which the speakar will dlsenaa with yon this evening. l l SELSCTP75 nhrtnTCIIn53 TWB) FOR USD COIRSOL II *flnr.TnntT. CROPS AT^ao PRQ7B TO BE SgPPL POR f f ig FlTTHQADS l It has been knoen fer abent 15 years that sene arganlo Chemicala aet aa plant growth regolants. Kore reeeatly lt was l foand that m m of tbese ccnpouads produoed netahollc dlsturbanees ln eoae klnda of weeda whleh oanaed the to die. l Bsrller werte was oentered sround herbaeeooa weed eontrol. An l early puhU short artlole cn the use of 2*4 Pichlorcphenogyacetlo Aeld (2*4-0) appeared ln aa Angast 1944 lasse of "Solange.* l l l I i 1/3 DOW1 002088 Tkrlcua resssroh groups found that 2,4-4) oould be used fas* on11t r o llin g braedlesved mods In heat, oatm, rye, barley, eesn* flax and certain other agricultural crops. About this sswt tine It as found that 2,4-2) would also control eartaln iroo^y plants or brash. various famulatlans of 2,4-0 ere used for brush control an utility rights of ay In 1945-1946. Observations of the results of brush control 1 th 2,4-0 showed sens woody plants war net controlled. Another selective hsrblolde, 2,4,5-Criahlcrophanoayaoatlc Acid (2,4,5-T) as found to control sons of the 2,4-0 resistant woody plants. fh-- herblslds was used on a nail scale In 1947 and on a Halted ur-- w r r l s l basis In 1948. Thrlous fansulatlans containing adxtures of 2,4-0 and 2,4,5-? were used for brush control In 1947-1948. la 1949 fle-- asralal prsperatlona were an the aertarfc containing mixtures of 2,4-0 and 2,4,5-f far brush control an rights of wey. The ipester has followed the use of 2,4-0 end 2,4,5-? on railroad rights of wey since 1947- Bae first work was dene with knapsack sprayers an e'-- ell scale In 1947 Xn 1948 the Delaware, Lanka-- tips.* Astern and the Seaboard Air Line RaH roads used sons cn-traolc spray exjulpment for spraying brush. Itaring the 1949 s-- son sore roads wanted to try out this new nsthod of brush and weed control. About this saw time various Canartlan Railroad groups started testing programs of irt DOW 1 002080 I vsrfclfis ia cooperation with the Canadian Batlcml Railroad I ppiarmnsl xsud -track equipment for spraying brush sad mads on rights af W . rasulta of this spraying la 1951 sere I so aaecursgiag that a rather extensive program as p^tw^ I carried eat la 1952; also tha Pacific Railroad carried eat extensile tests Is aldsly separated areas In 1 9 5 2 . I Purins 1952 acre than 25 dlffsrant roads in ttaa V. 3. had rathsr extensive brash control progress with 2,4- sal 2,4,5-?. I It Is anticipated that thara 111 be a ccoalderable increasein tbs usa of 2,4- sad 2,4,5- by the railroads In ^ I .3. la 1953. I unamixHT OP &4U&OTB HEHBICXDZ3 - 2,4-p ASP 2.4.5-T I la tbs manufacture of 2,4-S and 2.4,5^t ere: bewseice, phenol. tetracfalcrohenseris, 2,4-Blahlcrophsnol, I chlorine m ad mano-eblcaroscetle eeld. I Za arder to use the herbicides tbs adds of 2,4- and 2,4,5-T moat bo raaotod further to font salts (sodium, sains) I sad asters (aethyl, ethyl, iso-propyl, butyl, yl, iso-octyl, propyls glyeol butyl ether, sts.). Early uerk by various I investigators ihewd the esters of 2,4- and 2,4,5-T to bo I aero effective than the salts for brush control. ! The foilcaring asters of 2,4- and 2,4,5-T are considered to bo highly volatilei methyl, ethyl, lso-propyl, butyl and yl (pentyl). Lear -volatile esters, such ss the propyle glycol li DOW 1 <102090 butyl etbsr u t c n hav bMB on the anrkst since 1950. In to tbs lew volatility, the effectiveness of the asters on woody vegetation Is of utaoet Inpartaac*. Low volatility does not nssesssrlly assn high effectiveness. Scam esters are low la volatility sad yet sre low activity. Storage characteristics of the farsolatlon oust also be considered in snd northern United States. HOW 2.4--P /UP 2.4,5-T CtafTROLS WOODY PUDTO 2,4-1} sad 2,4,5-Y kill by upsetting nornal plsat netabollns snd plant growth prowesses. Speed of aetlon varies with the physiological eoadltlos of the plant sad also with the rate of growth aw Influenced by esrlrcasent. When applied to foliage these oenpooada penetrate the easy covering of the leaves sad reach living cells sod are then translocated through the conductive tisane associated with carbohydrates. Best nervenent oeeers whan leaves are aanufacturlng Tpeeoei of carbohydrates which are being nerved downward to stans sad roots. then applied to bark as la basal or stuaqp treatment west of the n r -- at is, es a solution In tbs oil carrier, downward to the green lands. That Is why it Is important In basal sad sttnqp frrset-- nt to apply the ehwalml la a liberal voluae of oil. (I (p fiuosoo l M Q Q tr.^ 2,$-D ar * mixture of 2,4-D - 2,4,5-T Tor basal bark jpj^ying. Basal bsxk spraying has been dons tbs year around. 3^ disagreement as to tha bast tlss to apply a basal spray reported, Sane woody plants that ar fairly resistant to foliage sprays ar tssj susceptible to a basal spray. of this ar red and sugar aapls. A basal spray 1 th oil does sot land itself to cn-tredc equipment. Tbs spray say b applied with a knapsack or off-trade power equip- I ent. Basal bark treatment is an aid la spraying la areas of sensitise crops. Spraying can be done after tbs crop baa I I C. Stamp TrsaXaant Tall brush or brush la areas of sansitlr crops say I be cafe and the stops trusted at ths tlaa of cutting. 2,4,5-T generally speaking glues better results than a **11 of 2,4-& and I 2,4,5-T or 2,4-0 alone. Oil Is used as a carrier and tha spray ay be applied alth a Vnapsank sprayer or off-trade power I equipment. The bask and any exposed roots are thoroughly et I I with ths spray. An ell soluble dye nay be used as a Barker. Thorough coverage nod adequate uolosa la of utaaoet laportanca. I This asthod of brush control can b used any tlaa of tha year, but does not lsnd itself to on-tradc equipment, I HAMLllg AMP SWUTDP 2.4-P AHD 2.4.5-T FOMDIATIOMS I As ordinarily handled, these products are not likely to I I I I IG02U lP Q w w n M OF BRP3H CmfTHOL VHH 2,4-P AND 2.4.5-T i, Fallas ad St-- 3praying fills aethod of brush control is dons daring ths gtfwring ,,,-- ni Is by far ttm aost wldaly used by the railroads* telephone* power* pipeline* roadside sad -- rloos other groups, -- ter Is used as e earrler of the esters of 2*4-D sad 2*4*5-T. Spraying esa be done after the leaves ef the woody vegetation are fully expended until a few weeks before frost. In southern Ontario this period Is usually shoot Jone 1 to Aii0 ist 15* Bie spraying period 1& other perts ef Canada will depend upon the length of growing seeeon and east be considered en working out a.brush spraying program, k foliage and at-- spray not only controls tbs woody vegetation but also controls tbs broadlcaved weeds end Tin-- on the rights of wey. fias selective herbicides* 2.4-0 and 2#4*5-T do not kill established grasses wban usad In N re-- andad cenesntretlons. fiis leaves the grasses cn the right of wey to present erosion. Foliage and st-- spraying lands Itself wary well to cn-treek spray eqolpnant. B. Basal Bark Spraying fills -- thod ef brush control involves spraying uncut standing br-- h using ell (#2 fuel atr diesel) as a carrier of the herbId dea, fias brash Is epraywd fr-- the ground line to a height of 12 - 15 Instase. Baorough watting st the ground line* -- lately endrellng the woody plant* Is of ut-- t Importance. Best results srw obtained an brash that has a dla-- ter of two inches or aerw. Oanarslly speaking 2*4* 111 DOW l 002093 11 1 s' Br9 oot absorbed through the kin to soy appreciable extent. Is tarn m o w IHoly to bo Inhaled, maestlcn of harwfal amouata 1* sot likely During the years there bne been nuMroui report of injury or death of livestock end wildlife supposedly frm sting crops, meds, end woody plants treated with 2,4-d and 2,4,5-*. It a recent weed meting in Bee York City, a. B. Fertig, Department Agnxscmy - Cornell Ttaiversity, Ztfasea, Mew York, has tte following to eey on this subject* poi ff field ^ of pxeeestly ,mi*^ herbicides esrketed as non-poisonous 1 1 1 cases of herblflldal poisoning of livestock and wildlife that have bean definitely diagnosed have been nansart by one of the feilcwlngi (1 ) lead, (2 ) areenle, (3 ) rbardware disease*, (4) poisonous plants, (5) old age, (6) parasites, (7 ) dromlng, (8) poor ertemsnshlp ('hot* lead), (9) contaminated feed or (20) Injection or oral rtnwege of acme mdi wins or drug, Ih all easee ^ileh bave been carefully surveyed, even though tht been associated with the trouble. It baa in no case been directly or Indirectly related to the ieethe DOW \ 0 0 2 0M OH-TRACT BQinPHSHI TOR APPLUUO 2 ,4 - 0 AKD 2 ,4 * 5 -T AS A FQL1AOS A) 3TOt SPSAT v*TM this Method of brash sad *d control lends Itself very sell to en-trsek eqoipnent It sill be dlseassed mar* folly Resalts obtained using these selective herbicides sre dependent open several factors one of the aost laqportsat of shieh Is proper application equipment. Since 1948 practically all the servlee companies and sens of the railroads have designed miipeanrt for applying these products to the right of apply the spray, The spray Is applied at a speed variation of 6 to 12 alias per hour In sene instances an entire 200 foot right of say (osaally the ballast section is not sprayed) nay be sprayed la one operation. This represents about 20 seres per alls of track* Orchard type guns fire sad off* center nozzles sre usually used In applying the ehanleal By using larga orifices and relatively Ion pressures (50 - 150 pel) the spray is literally rained on the vegetation at voluaes often smssiting 200 gallons per seres depending upon the height and density of vegetation the proper application equlpnent and the esperienee of the selling ppi< , STRAY CCBWCgHBAgini AJO HAT TO &1FBT Iff HZSLTS QBTAJHHP /ao DOW 1 00209 24,5-9 Add t^lTlssab) per 100 - 150 gallons of ter. Host spade* of brush,sad weds can bo controlled with alitare. A sufficient -- ount of spray la applied to give thorough wetting of tha leaves sod stoats. One application per season is sufficient to conferai brush, A lenmrt application say be oeoasoozy the sonni ar third Tear,, depending upon the degree of eontrei obtained the first yeer. Don't expect to get 100% kill the first year She degree of control sill depend upon say factors aaefa asj species af woody plants presst Moisture conditions ef Idas soil sell type root yeten of the brush sthod ef spp33cation, coverage obtained eta, Generally peeking one good fallaga spray sill conferei 60% fen 90% of the woody vegetati as wwll ss a large paxwantage of tha weed prsent* fits aneant af root kill Is lass than top kill or redaction la the uuober of steam present. However It whould be painted cut that even though top kill asy net be obtained there la very little growth of the brush the first or even the second -owing gaserai after spraying. Soon af tha oaks behave In this eenaar. s e n w M ia o r n i n o r 24- d a s 24,5-t iq r b s o s e ahd ed c q g HCfc___________ nere than 350% between 1933 and 1950. This *t ^'<** why it costa ae aaaah to out a alle af railroad right ef way today. Cutting I l I I I 1 I 1 1 I I R I R R * R bruah by bnd or aebanieoi aathoda la llks a a n gattlag a har cut; It ha* lo be deca agaln In a short parlod af tino. Cntrtek eqalpaest TT 4 "" cf 2,4-D and 2,4,5-* far bruah and wad control esn ha arenari1ahed al a sevlng af 40 to So an lahour. One pieoa af prcperly deslgned spray equipaeixt can spray 30 sllea or aera por day. If a eidth. af 40 feet la sprayed an eseh side of th ballast seetlcn, tdals i-- ens that 300 acre* af bruah and eeds are sprayed per day It eould talea aasy day* far a -- etica gang to cut th sane 30 allea of bruah centro! an telephaae and poaar line rlghta af s ^ In and TTnlted States. *be eoat af sprsyng broah by thla aathod la brolcan don lzxto aboot ma thlrd far ahealeal and tao-thlxds 25 to 6o. Sta ooat of ualng an-tradc eqnlpaeot far bruah centrai la b m lean dosa luto me thlrrt far cast and two-thlrda far nhastlmi ooat ahiah la Just apposite that far j^ DOVI 1002006 C H i . ' ! I C A L ' Jiv\ (T I! J i I f l ' i u . i . M- JHTftODUhTKH: I n r e c o n t youra rainy l u r r e u t i l i t i e s both i n Canada l and t h e U n i t e d s t a t e s , as w e l l as f a r o f f A u s t r a l i a , have experimented with c e r t a i n types o f choaicals which c u r t a il and e r a d i c a t e a l l o r mo6t t yp es o f woody growth (ound on tran sm issio n l i n e r i g h t s - o f - w a y , Most o f thn u t i l i t i e s found t h a t by uae o f t h i n c h n n l c a l t r e a t n o n t t h e y c ou l d , o v e r a p e r i o d o f a few y e a r s , a l mo s t c o m p l e t e l y stamp out i a l l woody growth on t h e i r r i r h t e - o f - w a y . i tei! The chemical aa apposed to mechanical s k i r t i n g or c u t t i n g k i l l s t h e t r e e s , p l a n t s and bushes t o and i n c l u d i n g t h e r o o t s , t h u s t h e r e i s no r e g r o w t h . T h i s means t h a t the m . , r i g h t - o f - w a y does n o t have t o be p e r i o d i c a l l y r e s k i r t e d . fili;-:: On t h e b a s i s o f t h e above i n f o r m a t i o n t h e Coenl sst on c a r r i e d o u t an e x p e r i m e n t a l programme o f t h e i r own d u r i n g t h e 1 s t s p r i n g , summer and e a r l y f a l l o f 1950 and 1951. A 5?3n!J`f* R e s u l t s o b t a i n e d were e n c o u r a g i n g and t h e Commission has ' now embarked on a s m a l l s c a l e s p r a y i n g programme. Ayvlf>y V ' fov!.- jy-M. :'PBOOPORSt if . Grew Complement; a* follows i An a v e r a g e crew ahoul d be made up 1 - Foreman 1 - Truck d riv e r 3 - U t i l i t y men ( M i x e r s , r e l i e f s p r a y e r s , w a t e r carriers) 6 - Spray-men The Foreman and t r u c k d r i v e r ahould be temporary or permanent Cocas i c s i o n e mp l o y e e s . The o t h e r men a m t o be casual or local labor. j-ya Wu," m mu 7 knapsack^pressure tank type aprayert with brasa or copper tanka. (Moat su ita b le of the types tr ie d to date turboan tba Dobbins S p r a y e r ) . ^ iompply of rubber replacement parts for these sprsyere ebe14 |pe tarried as well as one or two spraying wands and raVdlff type nsslss iad a oaslderablf Xaif^h,t|f rubbbbsdirM^ [TOrf* * - .-ft " *r""w tn K ELECTRIC ROWER COMMISSION /D 3 St; ? 1 - L i r r * H * l v n u j i a . l ivtrii i 'v c m I t u lm us!.I ft r p r e p a r i n g 11"* mi * ) 6 - 5 giil I o n c e n t a l n r r a ( f o r c r*i- y Lin: w.,t v r t r o i l ) . 4 - Water buckets. 3 to 4 - 45 g a l l o n drums, w i t h ta p s . 6 - Single b it t e d axes ( f o r cutting large tre e s ). 2 - Large funnels. 1 - 50' m e ta llic tape. LOO t o 5 0 0 ' - Aluminum t i e w i r e . 1 - Large thermos ju g . 1 - 1 pint meusure. SpRAHUG MATERIALS: 2.4- D 2 . 4 - D / 2 , 4 , 5-T Aamate liquid liquid powder - 5 g a l l o n cans - 5 g a l l o n cans - 25 l b . packages 2.4- D i T o be used f o r normal growth e x c l u d i n g t he f o l l o w i n g s p e c i e s - a l l e v e r g r e e n s , maple and soae bramble 2.4- D / 2 , 4 , 5 - 7 1 To be used where l a r g e number o f evergreens, maple or brambles are encountered. Annat e: To be used f o r t r e a t i n g ( i n t he powdered f o r a ) any newly cut stumps. tiiim One p l n t o f 2 , 4 - D t o 10 g a l l o n s o f w a t e r . One p l n t o f 2 , 4 - D / 2 , 4 , 5 - T t o 10 g a l l o n s o f wat er Annate used dry or 1 /4 l b . to 1 gallon water. One p l n t o f 2 , 4 - D t o 10 g a l l o n s o f st ove or f u e l o l l . One p l n t o f 2 , 4 - D / 2 , 4 , 5 - T t o 10 g s l l o n s o f s t o v e o r fuel o il. Affisate n o t s o l u b l e i n o i l . \ Yi..<iJ' Vii*. wffsvwmg. v-2i ,7' - *- * 1 ciifMAk i^UlTIL ^UTKJ / P erm issib le to spray reasonably dry growth on* hour a tta r rain. Chemical w i l l be e f f e c t i v e on i l l growth sprayed one hour p r i o r t o r a i n f a l l . A l l growt h not sprayed one hour p r i o r t o r a i n f a l l must be r e a p r a y e d . tfATEB Ah'D OIL HIXS3t Any r e a s o n a b l y c l e a r w a t e r may be used I n p r u p a r i n g t h e a Lx. I f d i r t y w a t e r l a used It- w i l l be fouuJ t o el og t h e n o t s l e e and o t h e r p n r t a o f t h e p r a y e r . I f w a t e r 1 not a v a i l a b l e on t h e r i g h t - o f - w a y i t may be t r u c k e d t o t he nearest spot accessible! to tmi rig h t-o f-w a y In .\ .'allon drums and c a r r i e d t o t h e m i < i n g p o i n t i n t h e *> r . i l l o n containers. I f a stout s tic k la available the $ gallon c o n t a i n e r s can he huriij from t he s t i c k and w i t h t he ends o f t h e s t i c k c u r r i e d on t h e s h o u l d e r s o f two sen t h e w n t er can e a s i l y be c a r r i e d o v e r rough t e r r a i n . I f i t i s n o t f e l t t o he e c o n o a i c e l t o t r a n s p o r t w a t e r t o t h e s i z i n g p o i n t o i l soy bo used I n t he s i x . A g r e a t e r c o r e r a g e can be o b t a i n e d w i t h a s m a l l e r amount o f n t l t han can be o b t a i n e d w i t h w a t e r , u s i n g t h e same amount o f chemi cal Usi ng w a t e r c o v e r a g e c-m u s u a l l y (depend!nr. on d e n s i t y o f g r ow t h ) be o b t a i n e d w i t h 7 p i n t s o f t h e e h o m i c a l , w i t h o i l t he same c o v e r a r e can be o b t a i n e d uol ng L p i n t o f the ch e m ic a l. For g e n e r a l use liowevt-r the cost o f the u l l is p r o h i b i t i v e . Any t y p e o f l i g h t o i l can he used I n c l u d i n g waste transformer o i l . --------------------------------------- mihsuomi The m i x i n g p o i n t l a s i m p l y any l o c a t i o n on the r i g h t o f - w a y where t h e c h e u l c a l s p r a y i s s i z e d and should be l o c a t e d so t h a t t h e mon s p r a y i n g can r e f i l l t h e i r s p r a y e r s w i t h a minimum l o s s o f t i m e , USE OP T I L t f l K E : The t i e w i r e i s cut in lengths s u f f i c i s n t l y long t o span the w i d t h o f t h e r i g h t - o f - w a y and Is then strun g across t h # r i f h t - a f - w a y a t 10 or l o foo t I n t e r v a l s to aub d i v i d e i t . One o r two s p r a y e r s t hen work i n each sub d i v i s i o n and are thus enabled to give t h e i r area a complete co ver ag e, l . e , t h e y work from one l i m i t to ano th er and then or* the rear wire ahead. SPRAYING: T hs S p r a x o r a h i r c t r r J ^ . l m . t h e b a ck m.i * h , pump han dl e a g i t a t e d u n t i . I t "pu.nj r b i r d " . tt t \ l . p . t u r Mi p r e s s u r e i s # :'i I c U ' i t l v h u l l : uf *i \ f i r e tirnwy spray The p r e s s a i w i l l S l a v u; f Vr s e v e r a l secri. Is t n l a few pumps '-> th* h a n d l e w i l l w .h i > h B, f l r i ii t *. i> ferine I t up a p i l t : when t h * p r e s s u r e f i l l s u f f . Cure s ho ul d be t a k e n l o s a t u r a t e i l l 1 1 l f jr p u t o f the growth snd any l a r p e a t e a r e a s . f r > a th#.c# m s ij .* p l a n t c u r r i e s t h e c h e n t c a l m f a r o o t s whei * *t,r u - t u s l t i l l tokes place. spray - i c o n t a c t w i t h th** s k i n It should i m * - | l * t l y bs washed o f f , Uxtrwne c u e ehuuld ! e x e r c i i . e d t . * k * sure that n e ith e r cuncentr ited spray nor alx pole In the ye U3g Of A WA T S: r I f any l a r g e t r e o s a r e cut t h e stumps should be l l h e i 'spread with aanats. MIC1 The f i n e s p r a y n.s a t e n d e n c y t o d r i f t and ext reme care should be uaed i n s p r a y i i n '. n e a r f a n crops and o rn amen tal shads t r s s s ss t h e a n r ay cun b i n j u r i o u s and e w n i f I t I s not t h e p u b l i c i s q u i c k t o blame something unknown t o t h for a crop or tree b lig h t. sum Large q u a n t it ie s of spray in brooks, streams or trrlg stlem d i t c h e s can do harm some d i s t a n c e from t he s p r a y i n g o p e r a t i o n . m iQirm rr- C a t t l e o r o t h e r a n i m a l s t h a t mi ght feed on v e g e t a t i o n which has been s p r ay ed w i l l s u f f e r no i l l e f r c t s fries i t , nor la i t harmful to fis h . laueut- The f i r s t r e a r * s p r a y i n g w i l l not and is not expected to f i r s a l O O i k i l l * t h i s i s dut t o many f a c t o r s t h e most prom in en t o f which i s t h # s h e l t e r i n g o f on# bush o r p l a n t by. m a s t h e r . F o r t h i s r e a s o n and o t h e r * , i t i s neeeaeeryto do \ SFRATIKJ : Th<* p i * - ' ! : ' i l - C 11- ` .i i - il. h . i n J l e ' ! * * " `T .* i i t " i u t i r ; " . vi : ................... rr**si'uri` 1; s ; ...* 1v **: I .i >: t f. s p r a y . h* ! r--.-- w ; ; ; .*! r .*t*vT I ** a few p u n p s >' ' f.f f. .1.(1* w 1 i 1 . i / i .-it b r i n i ', I t u p ; * ! wi. , r * n e | ' i ' c M i ; , ' o f * 1 1 a C a r e j l i `i i . 1 l'r t ' i k n ? c s a t u r i . i l i v i ^ f"y ; . (' t h o pri -wt l a n d tr.y 1 iiv* r- 13 . *Y- n *I -v '*.1 plani. CaPJ' l eS l . l'hfrn ) ca ; ; r. r - , t a e r e * . I klll t'ivi# r 1A*-' Caut l ori? '4i. uM t 1ir, - t ; ni'' r m i! spray c1''T` in rei.t .~t !I. '.* ii. ' al 1 i,!.;-i(r : be wus> evi o f f . Cxt :-. < t i :*f . : i . v u r r .. i . aure tin i nriM ier i . ` r -.i a; i . v .>. * i , -t 1. * eyes. Ui OF 1MHATE: I f a n y l a r - r e t r a r r - ira ; ut t h a i umpa *!.. I f 1 ! a r l sprend with ranate. DRirr: The T i n - a r r a y n a ; t endency '-> d r i f t and cere should he used i n s p r a y i n r near I *tra crops and ore.a. t nt 1 shade t r e e s i u , t h e s p ra y car. r e i n . t u r i n u e u.d e v e r 1 i t is not tin p u b l i c i s q u i c k i n b. tm s-ianithlrift unkin'wt > .< tf.-* for a crop or tre e b lip h t . 3THEAM3: Larpe q u i n t 1t i u s r f spray in b r r r k n , streams >r i r r l y i t i d i t c h e s can do harm some d l r - t a n r e from the spr.iyin.* o p * r t ; . . i . tone lRl'ECTj: C a t t l e o r o t h e r a n i m a l s t n/tt ml,-hi feed on; v . at <t i mi which lias been spr ayed w i l l s u f f e r nc 111 e f f e c t s from t t , nor la i t hu rafu l to fis h . fOLLOtf UP: The f i r s t y e a r s s p r n y l n / w i l l not and I s not # * j a c t e d t o y l v e a 100;i k i l l . T h i s l a due t o any f a c t o r t he net p r o m i n e n t o f w h i ch i s t h e s h e l t . e r l n r ; o f on btish o r p l a n t by a n o t h e r . F or t h i r e aso n and o t h e r s , i t i s n e c e ss a r y t o do a spot t r e a t m e n t f o l l o w - u p durinp, perhaps the next two years. lat ESTIHATES OF AMOUNT AND VALUE OF HERBICIDE USED AND CONFIRMED AND POSSIBLE SUPPLIERS (955-196*> ACRES 1955 830 1956 4208 1957 4011 195** 3435 1959 1678 I960 1173 1961 1493 1962 1264 1963 1401 1964 2396 ESTIMATED POUNDS OF ACTIVE INGREDIENT ESTIMATED CALLONS OF CONCENTRATE 4,500 23,100 22,100 18,900 9,200 6,500 8,200 7,000 7,700 13,200 563 2,888 2,763 7,363 1,150 813 1,025 875 963 1,688 ESTIHATED COST OF MATERIAL USED (CIL) GREEN CROSS PURCHASES CHIPHAN u >I $ 4,700 b,IO ('> - 24,200 /Z.S'S - 23,200 l 5,900 - 11,400* 9,500 I9,8DQ -- 4,300 200 9,600 373 V 3,400 6,600 8,600 -- * -: 360 170 400 7,300 - 3,300 1,500 8,100 -- 6,200 6,700 14,100 ~ 11,000 14,000 ib o I. Confirmed purchases of Brushklll. All other figures represent purchases from companies, but not confirmed purchases of Brushklll. DOW - ...... . 16,200* - 6,900 l,5P0 5,300 1,600 5,300 C o v v ie.eV o l XLv L 14 - NAUGATUCK 1,800 1,000 130 2,100 1,500 3,700 200 1,200 TOTAL lo o 0 13,200 25.OO 16,400 20, ioo 20,830 /C^Soo 5,860 C Zoo 9,070 7oo 3,400 do 13,800 /o5oo 14,700 75oo 31,500 Z o .5oo $ /2 L,?oo __ _ . . I 1 . . h m I . M U U 1 2 5 e) E THE DOW CHEM ICAL COM PANY M ID L A N D M IC H IG A N July 12, 1955 W 1 278U1 Dr. Andrew G. Qoesl Daniel-Harrell Clinic Medical Arts Building 3 1 7 State Line Avenue Texarkana, Arkansas-Texas Dear Ur. Goesli Mr. r . a . Crandall of our Agricultural Chemical Division at St. Louis has asked ne to reply to your letter of June 25th addressed to that office. c.n I aa very sorry to hear that you have a patient who is suf fering from gild hepatitis following use of our Esteron 2^5 .- Our studies of the toxicology of this material have been con ducted on laboratory animals and livestock, and while slid hepatic symptoms have occurred, the dosages in all cases have been rather massive and by the oral route. Furthermore, ef fects upon the hepatic or renal systems seemed to appear only after rather large doaes ere given and after other more dras tic effects such as myotonia, anorexia, and gastritis ere ex perienced. Thus, if the patient had swallowed the material in substantial amounts, it would not be unreasonable to ex pect some transient hepatic and perhaps kidney injury to follow other primary symptoms. It is recognized, of course, that such experimental work is suggestive but not cone usive as far as human subjects are concerned. As you are probably aware, we have manufactured and sold Esteron 213 and related materials for several years. Millions of gallons have been used and cany people nave been exposed. To our laowledge, there has never beer, a case of systemic toxicity attributed to these materials except perhaps where it has beer, shallowed accidentally or with suicidal intest. An occasional . ,f dermatitis has been reported,but in most of these cases, the diluent oil (fuel oil or kerosene) has been shown to be the causative agent. The significance of this plant and field experience is not ap preciated until one realizes that there are many custom spray ing firms in this country and abroad whose employees do little I 30 QOW 1 2 7 8 1 U C Dr. Ai^drew 0 . Goesl 2- July 12, 1955 t nniy these materials. It is not unusual for these else buv*' their clothing wet with the material for hours a oer. day. We, of course, do not 'ecomaend such pracff5' and do our best to discourage it, but nevertheless, it does occur. view of our laboratory findings and the experience we have we doubt very such if the application of Esteron 2^5 by tout patient could have been in any way related to faiB hepati tis. I an sending a oopy of your letter together with a copy of this reply to Dr. E. H. Day, Director of our Radical Department, and t h e r e b y will ask him to contact you directly with his opinions in the natter. If we can be of any further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us. Sincerely yours, -net? V. E.. Bowe Biochemical Research Department 2-280 Building VXB/bb enc. P.S. I am enclosing a reprint entitled, "Summary of Toxicologi cal Information on ,t-D and 2,1,5~T Type Herbicides and Evaluation of Their Hazards to Livestock Associated with Their Use." Recognizing that this irfornation does not apply directly to human beings, we believe it is indica tive of the type of thing which can be expected. cc: Dr. H. H. Qay ^ R. A. Crandall H. L. Smith G. J . Williams V.E.R. i'b I -l3" U ^ Municipal Hospital Kassel Medical Department K a s s e l, 14 Nov 1955 Dr. Knecht Bcehringer Co ngelneim COPY A sumnary o f our observations o f the s ix cases o f tric h lo ro p h e n c l in to x ic a tio n we examined, reveals the fo llo w in g : A ll cases did not come im m ediately, but only a f t e r considerable time a f t e r the to x ic e f f e c t , to our a tte n tio n . T h e re fo re , acute damage to the l i v e r could no longer be observed o r eva lu a ted . The observed changes ir. the l i v e r was com pletely id e n tic a l in a ll p a tie n ts and th e re is no doubt th a t there was a c e rta in amount o f l i v e r damage induced by the to x in , although apparently minor and w ith good prognosis. A1 to the prognosis, however, i t must be cautioned th a t the time o f observation was too sh o rt to form a d e fin ite opinion. The present la t e p ic tu re s a f t e r 2 ,4 ,5 -T poisoning show increased pigment deposits in the l i v e r c e l l s , whereby the pigment is p r im a r ily iron fre e and there is a reaction o f the Kupfer c e lls . There are only minor fib r o tic changes in the l i v e r , th a t is only a s lig h t th ic k e n in g o f the norm ally present p erip o rtal tis s u e s , but not o f the type o f tis s u e growth ty p ic a l o f the chronic h e p a titis or beginning c ir r h o s is . C e ll damage was only found in the described case (Hanrner;. However, in the case o f E x e l, th e re was a v ir a l h e p a t itis , p o ssib ly because o f decreased re sis ta n ce o f the organ towards invading v iru s e s . To com pletely e va lu a te the pigm ent, i t must be mentioned th a t we found in the case o f C le re s , during l a t e r exam ination, th a t a p a rt o f the p re vio u s ly ir o n -fr e e pigment now contained ir o n . This conim ns our 4ft DOW 1520544 (32- -2- e a r lie r b e l ie f about the nature o f the pigment, namely th a t there is a case o f masked p ro te in -iro n b in d in g , i . e . a precursor o f hemosiderosis. Due to the id e n tity o f the p ic tu res in a ll s ix p a tie n ts , we d e f in it e ly conclude th a t there is an e f f e c t o f 2 ,4 ,5 - T on the l i v e r . We can tn e rc fo re admit new p a tie n ts from your company fo r observation only 1 f you d e f in it e ly in s is t . However, we do th in k i t advisable to perform a l i v e r biopsy on one or two o f the examined cases in a b o u t-5--4 months,in order to observe the course o f the c o n d itio n . With best colleagual greetings s/Dr. W ild h irt Dr.'Schm idt 00W 1520545 Stadthra.nkerhaus Hassel Medizinische Abteilung Herrn Dr.Znecht-Fa.3crhringer lugelheim Abschrift W enn wir somit einmal zusammenfassen,was wiLr bei den bisher untersuchten 6 Fllen mit Trichlorphenolintoxikation gesehen haben,so ergibt sich folgendes: Smtliche Flle k amen nicht u n m i t t e l b a r ,sondern erst nach ln gerem Intervall nach der Toxiaeiwirkung zu uns.Infolgedessen waren akute Schdigungen.der Leber .nicht mehr zu sehen und auch nicht zu erwarten.Die beobachtete Vernderung der Leber war bei allen Patienten vllig identisch und lsst garkeinen Zwei fel darber aufkommenVda es tatschlich zu einer gewisser. Sch digung der Leber durch die Toxineinwirkung gekommen ist,aller dings von offensichtlidh nur geringem Umfang und gnstiger Prognose.Allerdings muS hinsichtich der Prognose^noch die Ein schrnkung zur Vorsicht gemacht werden,da die Becbccfitungszei- ten noch zu kurz sind,um ein endgltiges Urteil abgeben zu knnen. I Die jetzigen Sptbilder nach Trichlorphenolvergiftung Zeichen I sich durch eine Vermehrte Pigaentablagerung in den Leberzellen * aus,wobei das Pigment vorwiegend Eisenfrei ist und ausserdemnurch I eine Eeaktlon der Kupfferschen Sternzellen.Dabei sind immernur ; geringfgige fibrotisebie `V e r n d e r u n g e n iner Leber ,d.h. nur eine * ganz leichte Verstrkung des schon normalerweise vorhandenen periportalen Bindegewebes vorhanden aber nicht von der Art einer Bindegewebsvermehrung,wie sie nur chronischen Hepatitis oder zur b e g i n n e n d e n Cirrhose gehrt.Eine Zellschdigung hat sich nur in dem jetzt hier obe n b e s c h r i e b e n e n 'all (Fall Hammer)ge- f funden.Allerdings ist es ja bei Fall Exei intercurrent zu einer . jiufgepfropften Hepatitis gekommen,mglicherweise durch eine ge wisse Aesistenzminderung des Organs gegenber- einem Virusbefall. Schliesslich ist noch fr die Einschtzung des Pigments wichtig da wir beim Fall _Cleres bei der hachpunktion gefunden naben,da jetzt ein Teil des vorher eisenfreien Pigmentes eisenhaltig ist. Dies bestrkt unsere s c h o n frhere A u f f a s s u n g ber 'die Tiafur / dieses Pigments,dass es -sich dabei u m eine maskierte Eiseneiweiss- , Verbindung,also um eine Vorstufe von Haemosiderien handelt. " "Infolge der Indentitt der Eilder bei 'allen 6 sehe int uns von unserer Beite her die Bedeutung der irichlorphenolein- , Wirkung auf die Leber geklrt .'.Vir w r d e n daher neue P a tienten c d aus Ihrem Betrieb nur dann noch zur reobachtung auinehmen,wenn 3 g Sie ganz speziellen Wert darauf legen.Dagegen erseneifit es uns zwechmssig,wenn in etwa 3-- a- H o n h a n nochmals der eine oder der"'* andere der bisher u n t e r s u c h t e n Flle zu einer neuerlichen Kon- j-'J trolle und Leberbiopsie hierher kommen kennte,damit wir den ^ weiteren Verlauf dieser Dinge beobachten knnen. .mcn Dr.WildhiSt oa IM -u' -'** loro: 2 .jC-13-UTA/Utf. U" Utils THE DOW CH EM ICAL COM PANY MIDLAND MICMIQAM February 13* 193 ^ L. L . 'Cou112 r Agricultural Manicala Development /aricar, Legion Building en en co: -P, '* Fletcher ;in your letter of January 26th you report that at tho rooet^ n c of the Wood Society `of Araerlaa, New York City, January Jl and 5 '.It was disclosed that Estoron Qrush Killer and Esteron 2U$ arc being applied to vegetation using orchard -.'guns operating at prs8aureo In the rango of 150 to ^00 p.3.i., :and that the composition applied concicto generally of h to S quarto of the active agents plus 10 to 20 gallons of oil .-emulsified with 30 to 90 gallons of water. en en l/o have no infemation relative to the health hazards acco d a tod to ouch applications, but certainly tho pouoibility and possible conoaquenceo of inhaling these fino droplets of thlo composition chould be considered. We tlo know that certain oils can, when inhalod ao a taint, cause ocrious ronpiratory embarrassment. Whether thio will be a factor in application of o material ouch ao that described above in unknown to un. if this were strictly an application of oil alone vie would be particularly conccmod and would suggest that persons applying such material employ a rospirator designed for tho removal of ouch mists. I question, .however, whether thin will be noceooary in view of the largo volume of water being applied. There is no doubt, however, that the operators Bhould bo instructed to avoid breathing this mist. I bolievo, however, that this method of application should bo carefully watched to b o o whether any adverse offocto occur in individualu making ouch ap plications. For the tine being then. It In my recommenda tion that wo do not recommend this manner of application, but keep our eyes open and or-lc firms applying material in thin way to watch for any evidence of respiratory diffl- cultica. If ouch oppoor, then I believe that wo should talco a positive approach and roaommond thu wuaring of ap propriate respiratory protection. . V .7 ->I rogrot that I caniiut bo moro specifio at th'Ti-.o<'~r../-t'.ivm&' '-ii.o!I'.'V*..w.-ti*t-hi ,, .to..this'hazard, .135 1 r/jtovQi^ _ mmm TH E MIDLAND M a r c h '20, 1959 DOW LW-< ; ' ' ' C H E M I C A L C O M P A N Y QO-li ij Mrk Wolf . Biochem Research Lab 634 Building R E C E IV E D /- l l MAR 2 3 $3 ^ Biochem, Res. Lsb. cn en C2 ro <1 Dear Mark: . By review of our conversation this morning (March 18) regarding the relative toxicity of 1 1/2 to 2 gallons of Forror. 245 in 100 gallons of water or Forron Brushklller at the same concentration in water, as compared with Esteron Brushklller O.S. in an oil-water emulsion, we would like to outline the field situation and our needs as we see it. It is a common practice on the utility right-of-ways to use 1 gallon of Esteron Brushklller O.S. or Esteron 245 O.S. plus 10 galons of oil', this oil could be either No. 1 or 2 fuel oil or kerosene in 89 gallons of water for a total of ICO gallons of mix. This mixture is used because it gives quick, uniform knockdown, does a little better Job on conifers and actually has been promoted by some companies because it is dramatic enough that it is easy to sell. Nonetheless it is being used very commonly and our products are used in this manner when the customers decide they want to use oil. The use of this oil has a number of problems; in the first place it costs money, it is difficult to mix with Esteron O.S. ar.d water, it is messy to handle, it is hard to obtain, and it requires additional trucking facilities to handle the large volume of raw material to be imported. We have been shooting at a formulation which would essen tially give the early uniform brown-out and kill of the oil-E3teron Brushklller mix without having all of the disadvantages and handling problems of oil. These formula tions which Chem Engineering Lab has come up with are Forror. Brushklller and Forron 245. You have indicated to us that Forron formulations used in this manner are somewhat more toxic to the handler than the Esteron 245 or Erteron Brushklller formulations and the question naturally comes up a3 to what is the relative hazard of ..the Forron formulations with the oil-water v:. .......^ * o M W Aj CD O l3b' HOW 1 551028 Mr, Mark Wolf March ,20, 1959 Page 2 :r combinations. Specifically, we would like to know what the relative handling hazards are of 1 1/2 or 2 gallons of Porron 245 or Forron INushkiller per 100 gallons of water or as compared with 1 gallon tsteron Brushkiller O.S. or Esteron 245 O.S. plus 10 gallons of one of the above oils, -plus 89 gallons of water. ThlB should, of course, include skin irritation, eye irritation, possibly inhala tion and any other tests which you think might be pertinent. - This information can be important to us in furthering our Porron program and in counseling our customers properly in the use of oil-water mixtures with our present brush: killer formulations. We would appreciate your checking this ; out for us. . Yours very truly, ; . L. L. Coulter V Agricultural Chemicals Development wb ' - . Hk 1956 DOW 750639 midland July 6, 1959 L. L. Coulter Agricultural Chemical Development Abbott Hoad Building ^c The following compositions were tested on rabbits. They were applied as received and were as follows: Composition Esteron Brush Killer Fuel Oil Water 1 gal. 10 gal. 89 gal. Esteron Brush Killer 1 gal. Water 99 gal. Forron Brush Killer 2 gal. Water 100 gal. Esteron 2,4,5 OS Fuel Oil Water 1 gal. 10 gal. 89 gal. Esteron 245 OS Water Forron 245 Water 1 gal. 99 gal. 2 gal. 98 gal. Reference Number 3-24-59 D R. E. V. 3-24-59 P 3-24-59 B R. E. V. 3-24-59 C R. E. V. 3-24-59 E R. E. V. 3-24-59 A R. E. V. The test rabbits were shaved 5 to 7 days prior to test initiation. Each rabbit had bandaged onto tho shaven and healed slcin, a fresh sample of three of the compositions in as widely separated locations as possible each day, five days a weelc for one to ten applications. At the time of the application, the skin response was observed and recorded. To facilitate the comparison, the first three compositions were tested on two rabbits and the last three on two other rabbits. D O W 7 5 0 G3 U 2,4,5 OS, when diluted with water only, were the least Irritating of the test materials. In these test3, these materials ca.u3ed essentially no irritation. Porron Brush Killer and Forron 2,4,5 when diluted with water were shown to be slightly more`irritating than the Esteron materials diluted with water. The response was that of mild ir ritation accompanied by mild scaliness when repeated prolonged con tact occurred. the other hand, the Esteron Brush Killer and the Esteron 2,4,5 OS, diluted with water and fuel oil, were shown to be markedly irritating and damaging on prolonged or repeated contact. These materials caused a b u m upon 24 hour skin contact on rabbits. Thus It is apparent that the Esteron formulations to which was added fuel oil mu3t be considered much more Irritating than either the Porron or Esteron formulations diluted with water If you have any questions concerning the above, I shall be glad to discuss them with you. Mark A. Wolf Biochemical Research Laboratory 634 Building Phone ME 6-2776 MAW/Jd DKIftWIL & CO. ; a -lD -b 2 ; o-.iotm ; \Aj 2 Ms noti itti u72ii October 28, 1959 Memorandum to Mr. George Gagnon Re: Waste Oil and Oil Drums O il Drums A part of the stores yard on Hughes Street, Devon, has been set aside for the movements of oil drums. These have been marked by painted signs attached to the yard fence. The first pile of drums on the left hand side of the main gate is marked "UNCONTAMIHATED TRANSFORMER OIL DRUMS". These are drums which have no refund value but which have at one time contained good transformer oil. These should not be used far any other purpose except to handle good or salvageable transformer oil. Salvageable transformer oil means oil that can be filtered. These drums should not be contaminated unnecessarily because they nre at a premium and extremely useful when planning power transformer moves or maintenance jabs. These drumc should be returned when borrowed for such jobs. The second pile of drums is marked "CONTAMINATED OIL DRUHS". These drums have no refund value and have been contaminated by material which is detrimental to good transformer oil. These may be used only for the purpose of storing waste oil. The third pile of drums is marked "WASTE OIL". These contain waste oils which is intended for use in the chemical control operation. Any type of waste oil (cleaning oil, dumped transformer oil, old lubricating) is worth saving Cor this purpose. Such waste oil may be put in front of this pile, on skids, bung side up. From time to time the filter press operator will viBit the site and pump the waste oil from any refundable drums he will continued I i l l . if l A/. n i.i .1.: .1 i n ,ii P age 2 To - Mr. George Gagnon Cind there into non-refundable drums from the pile marked confaminated oil drum, thus retaining a refundable drum for circulation. Once empty, these refundable drums shall bn left a t t h e s i t e f o r s t o r e s p e r s o n n e l t o p i c k u p a n d return to the supplier for refunds. waste Oil W a ste oil is well worth saving for the chemical control operation. It is recommended that people who have waste oil to dispose of should pick up empty drums from the p i l e m a r k e d "C O N T A M I N A T E D DR U M S " to c o l l e c t it. A r r a n g e m e n t s could be made with the Htore's personnel to have any waste oil transported to this site. Waste oil for this purpose may include (1) T r a n s f o r m e r o i l w h i c h is n o t c o n s i d e r e d worth filtering. I (2) R e s i d u a l c l e a n i n g f l u i d s s u c h a s va r s o l , etc. (31 O i l e n g i n e l u b r i c a t i o n oil. Uncontaminated transformer oil which can be filtered should not be brought to thin site, but must be kept in Rome other location until reconditioned by the filter press operator. .I E G /a m c.c. P . c . Levesque !. M . D a r g a v e 1 C . J . McKinley G. L a w l o r R. T h o m a s J.P.. GTIERJRBTTE, Transmission Maintenance Engineer. FJ. G r a n d y R. Ileatherington . Trank D. K n i g h t /V/ 1750 161 C . H* Bochringor sohn 2b Inge lhain an Rhein 0 ernany Pow chemical Company 1714 Eaataen Rd. Kidland, Uichigan t USA JVpruary 11, 1927 Cur rofi Dr Vey/B "V .'<* " Raj The ohlorskne Preparation of Trichlonphenol DOW J] 31841 G entleaenJ ' We here07 refer to our 1965 correspondence on the abora ' subject At that time you vara hind enough to hare your, -experience with us - I * *l ` t, *' l Since our ovn vor3c on avoiding chlorakno exciters'has -cone to a typo of conclusion, ve should like to j&ahe the results avail, able to you and are accomplishing that by attaching a short description* . 1 * Ve hope that ve hare been able to give you, by aoano of this* explanation,. a contribution to the assurance of the eynihcaia -- of triohlorophenoxy aeetlo acid and assuae that the contribution will also b e of. intereat to you - ,.Vv- Sinoerely attoh*- , * ' :* * * ! ' ': j " - r-J'? :.. i \i\7f tr& 16333812 F.02 April 22, 1963 o o O f-S f-cs Ericadlcr General Fred J. Delaor (3) U. D. Assay inanitions Cozsand Ci'*calcal-I5iolO-Lcal-nadiolc^leal Agency Cffice oi* the Ccsaandlng General U. i. Eepartsicnt of Dofenso Aimy Chcntcal Center, Maryland Dear Ccnoral Deleon At the request of Dr. barren C. Shaw, Agricultural P.cscarah Service, United States Eepartoenfc of Agriculture, we are supplying harculth three copies of the information available to us concornlne tho toxicity of 2,4-D (2,4-diehlo:\}piicnc.;;y acetic acid) and 2,4,5-7 (2,4,5-trichlorophcnoxy acetic acid), This infornaticn wan prepared by Dow for a petition to the Food end Drue Administration requesting a tolerance for 2,4-D in aspargun. (Incidentally, tho tolerance of 5 ppa aa r e l a t e d was established by tho FDA). Included in this information aro references 8 and 9 which give data on tho toxicity of 2,4,5-?. In addition to tills information, wo liquid lilso to also cantIon tiiat vjo havo boon nanufacturing 2,4-D and 2,4,5-*? for over ten years. To the boat of our Vcnowlodgo, none Of tho woricacn iu these factories have shown any 111 effects as a result of wording with these ohoaleals, Further, cony Billions of pounds of those chemicals havo been used here and abroad without causing a clnglo proven caao of Illness to livestock. Tl'.ero havo been very few co^lalnto and alleged illnesses In huesno duo to 2,4-D, ru/wover, wo havo novor been convinced that thosa Inotenoos were in fact caused by tho chemical. In view of tho low toxicity observed in other onsaaliai species, our toxleoiecisto bollovo those caooo havo been rolatod to 2,4-D by coincidence. AAC\n NOU-18-1992 08M 7 FROM SODA HEALTH 8. ENUIROMENT - 2- TO 16333812 P .03 Xiiovilns that tUcao producto a:* used by all corta o noetic ur.dor varied draunctaeos, wo ccnoidor tiio few number or allowed injuries to bo phenomenal whoa rolated to tho lc^-c quantities of product manufactured and cold ivo aro clad to havo thia opportunity to oorvo you, and trust tho information uo havo provided will bo of ooaistanco. Blncoroly, 01 <Uj r^p> G. * Dynn Director of Bociatration Bioproducts Department las cc: Dr* Warren 0* 3haw* A.H.S** U.S*D,A* boi W. V, Sunderland V. K. Rowe (No Enclosure) t mH NU-16-1992 08=42 FROM SODA HEALTH & ENUIROM1ENT TO 16333812 P .03 l1 i0 o>0 liti ION C. H . B O E H R I N G E R S O H N CHEMISCHE FABRI C. H.Ieehtisfr Sohn. ^ theia DOW Chemicals C o m p a n y Midland / Michigan U.S.A. L Ihn Zrhra Bcnifi ttra Nidnti rm J V ttm n N**ri*t Onera Idita Dr.Mz/o (afcladfcdn Mil osui-nn -tjtpfcrienr.landra ir mnfcrabw*.[7777 AHt Ceda i* b i n d 1nliamidtiitMm lini Centd K lld b a u , Utmhm 1 3 in Mi I m A AC. S f a i. Mm < S e a d i I n i Ad. F U i fm ak fa (M n l ( SioHfnfcMM lo filhon > U n Nr. tJ , t---n.--'--| V- I t i *- @ Ingeibeim a m Rhein d a li>.1 2 * 1 9 6 4 Sehr geehrte Herren. whrend eine* Wirklichen Besuches Ihrer Herren Dr. Trapp Lueck und Sllversteln erwhnten wir einen wissenschaftlichen Bericht in welche die Isolierung des chlorakneaktiven Wirk stoffs sowie die Folgerungen fr die betriebliche Arbeitsweise ausfhrlieh beschrieben sind. Herr Sllverstein zeigte darauf hin Interesse an der berlassung eines Exemplars dieses Be richtes* Bis heute haben wir den Inhalt dieses Berichtee ausserhalb unseres Sauses niemandem zur Xeontnls gegeben da wir besonderen Wert darauf legten die ausserordentliche Gefhrlichkeit des ^ Tetrachlorbenaodlovin nicht allgemein bekannt werden zu lassen. Da Sie. aber den gleichen Wirkstoff aus den Bebenprodukten Ihrer `"'~T5ricli2fpfiedX4ftoduktion IsoIieri konnten/haben wir'uh*.. " entschlossen* Ihnen diesen Bericht zu berlassen. Wir mchten 31* aber' bitten* diesen ebenso wie die brigen* Ihnen bereits bergebene Verfahrensunterlagen streng vertraulich zu behandeln und auaserbalb Ihrer Firma niemandem zur Kenntnis zu bringen. Vir hoffen* dass der beiliegende Bericht (Versuche zur Auffin dung des bei der 24,3-T-Sure-HerStellung auftretenden Chlor akne-Erregers) vom 12*9.1956 Ihnen bei der Lsung Ihres Chlorakne problems ntzlich sein wird und verbleiben -d"*.*- < Anlage  DOW ]5B8605 16333812 P.04 'J.5 - 1 Honored Gentlemens wring brief visit with your messera. Dr. T-ano Lueck and Sllverstein we mentioned a scientific awshicchoncthleusiiosnolatcioonnceronfincghloorpaecrnaetinagctipvreoceUdubraetsanacPSPti?-i1?1 described. Kr. Sllverstein showed an interest K % h ? ly ^ asked for a copy of this report. m e r e s t in this and ^ ,to nUontoniel_Q52uitfsTwe(Ieh~a0v1eOdUirsccloomapaendy.thae ? ! ? ..? valuF thereto, "BeBause^he SrArdn?^ i0*1 a r^ P rt~- teeraeAloroboniodloKla is n S f f th* since you have isolated the sal ^ L l f S ; F<",rar' products (oil) of your Trichlorophnl^oo 0hy* chosen to turn this report over to you h?!S,,5 you, however, that you commit yourselves tS t policy of strict confidence wlthresDect ?,,h" 70U ,,0"M il,cl08e to no'S S " " < 0 det e ^ S ^ L o U t t TM ) " `1cS ^ J I:Pei" nt* >. production of . . M u L f r t g S ? '? th % , S U ln tte 1"tlon of ^ with friendly greetings C. H. BOEHRINGEH SOHN Attached paper Dr. Kudszus Dr. Merss * * .> i4<* I THS DOW CH EM ICAL COM PANY January 25, 1965 MIDLAND D IV ISIO N MIDLAND. MICHIGAN BOW 1 5G8535 Herrn Dr. Hans Herz Director of Production C. H. Boehringer Sohn Ingelheim,an Rhein west Gennany C0NFH3SNTIAI r\j Dear Dr. Merz: \;e very much appreciated the opportunity to talk with you yesterday and I have summarized below our understanding of the essential elements of our conversation, as you suggested. ## # # # # # # #* ## ## At the outset I explained to you that there were four Dow people on three telephones here. I then introduced Mr. Silverstein, Dr. Henry Tolkmlth, who would be on hand to handle any necessary translation, and finally, Mr. Dylewski, O an engineer concerned with the development of a new process for 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol. We then began with a series of medical questions posed by Mr. Silverstein. Silverstein: 1. We have isolated and identified a symmetrical and an unsymmetrical isomer of tetrachlorodlbenzodiaxin. The symmetrical isomer is ,!2,3,6,7" (German notation) and the unsymmetrical is "2,3,6,8 ". Limited animal experimentation indicates that the unsymmetrical Isomer is much less active. Have you any Information on the relative activity of these two Isomers? Answer: "No, we stopped research - it was too dangerous". 2. Do you have any liver biopsy specimens available for our M.D.'s to study? Answer: "No, since we have had no new cases for seven years. 3. Have the liver function tests or kidney function tests used on your chloracne cases been published anywhere? Answer: "Do not know". Dr. Hans Merz -2 1-2S-65 -. Die you note any Increased incidence of diabetes in your chloracne patients, or did any diabetics with chloracne suffer aggravation of their diabetic condition? Answer: "No cases of diabetes were found". 5 . Did you study catechol amines or ketosteroids in your chloracne cases? Answer: "Do not know". Dr. Merz said that he would check further into those cuestions which were answered above as "Do not know". Dylewski (Engineer): He explained that we are considering a distilled grade of 2 ,4,5-Trlchlorophenol (2,4,5-T) as part of our product requirement. Dr. Merz reiterated that.Boehringer's management had decided net to distill this material because of the danger of the formation of chloracne inciting materials. Mr. Dylewski was nevertheless interested to hea r more about 3 oehringer's experience with the distillation and thereupon proceeded to describe his proposed procedure and to invite Dr. Merz's comments. The procedure involves acidification of the aqueous phenate with either HC1 or HaSO* to a pH of 4.5-5.5 followed by separation of the 2,4,5-T oil from the salt brine, washing of the phenolic oil w ith water, drying by va c u u m distillation and finally distilling of the 2,4,5-T without fractionation in a graphite still. Dr. Merz said that they formerly distilled 2,4,5-T in copper equipment operating with a simp temperature in the range of 130-150C. Chloracne inciters were formed presumably because of residual cations (Na) in the phenol w h i c h produced Na trlchlorophenate thus leading to the formation of dioxin compounds. Mr. Dylewski asked if Dr. Merz could name a particular concentration of salt below which it would be safe to operate a distillation. Dr. Merz would not name a tolerable level but suggested that a water extraction could be better affected by use of a retainer solvent such as methylene chloride or chlorobenzol for the 2 , 4 , 5-T. Dr. Hans Merz 1-28-65 Dr. Trapp-asked Dr. Merz to describe how Ba(OH) 2 functions to produce a better quality product. Dr. Merz replied that Ba(0K)a traps carbonate which is an impurity in the caustic. Dr. Merz was asked if he knew what the material of con s t r u c t i o n of the reactor autoclave was, and he replied, "Iron, or common steel". Ir. closing, Dr. Trapp informed Dr. Merz that We had not yet received the secrecy agreement papers from Boehringer and Dr. Merz said that he would check immediately on this because he was certain that they were completed and had assunsd that they had been mailed. 7/1 ir t i T rtr n11 jui yy/ 7TJT jf t r 77"77 aa 7T7T Vir danken Ihnen nochmals fr Bire weiterer Untersttzung, Dr. Merz. ti mit freundlichen grussen. Assistant Director Benzene Research Laboratory 474 Building be: Hamburg Office (Qrote/Kube) Q. A. riess B. V. Dylewski L. Silverstein DOW 1 568537 ! \ 7^f I I I I i I I u i.r ur- --i-j ^ ,, if ^ X W i- f w `J 217( ":*][ d o l v e i J L - r j i C A L e o r j P A r j v % O W 054098 tllZUuO, Hicsiisan Mj.'jn 'J, 19*>5 CCNrOLWAL -GJ3J3CT TO I...; '~n*-i D.C.,ED. Ml. 4-4-73; DOW/E'A 9-79 ?. L P.iioy, Crucial c'ii.'ticalu E jIo o , AID 7 f* O l 1 1- ! I 4 W fc M J ^ r'.K -v l.i-l l.l P l V l : ] rr.Tl M J W W W O < J w w V W | i ) _ J II. :J. S.7.il.?y, liiternaci^al ^ v J , AH3 j. w. ncrrij, Chemical Gj Ic o , ;;:j L. D. Oiu.ii, Galco Admin 1strati;,.!., U7 Build ir3 H. U. yoinjucr, Chomicalo Dcpayment, AEG C. C. L'utcr.anrautfccr, C73. Cmcm. Prod. Eapt., 250 CuildinsO Ii. C. Ctue.-ai;:^, G.vpr.ie Cheu. Products Espi., 172 Cuildiii o_ IK C , AmOtUSU., SJCVlCjlj W 2 3ulliJiT>3 C. 0 CtL'-j., Dicprcducto Dcpartrvuit, Dioprcdueto Center P. I'olu'jy, Dicprcduets Bapar.r-eejit, Diceradusto Center K *w? * f 1U' w4 W ^ v S*WtfWWW W^iwWw*/ *1<1 h -^"* W.'WW-Wr%^*W<"W V ^ t i wrmV B 0. E. Ly.-iu, Diopreducto Dopant:.' ,,ah, Blcpre'Jucto Center 0. C. 1:077, Chen. Prod. Qual. Gewicco,* 172 Buildinv U. II. 0 1 1 1 , BiO?7C'J'JCt3 iC0?27iZJ'.l'i5 BlCprC'JUCtO CCT.ter ll. J. EeScy, Disprcd-jcto Colon, 'Jisprcduetu Canter H. 0 . villcjj, Eioprcaucto Department, Dicnrcdecta Cantor J. D. LceOena, Cnenicalo Department, AID D. G. Plotcher, Dicprcducts DCiJertnoni, Bioprcducto Cancer II. C. Barrens, Uicpro-Jucto Department, Bioprcdueto Center U. L. Corbin, Dicprcducts Salco. DIcpraduzto Center K. u. Iloyio, Uicaha-aieal Heaearsb Laboratory, 1701 Duil'Jins V. K. P.c:;of Dicaheeiicai liacoureh Laboratory, 1701 Beildiivj o sx P0 OD o e a e a :d c? ::c:jca:i70 ? a c i d *r%>w, w*%W xw1 ^S .V-^Wmt W*w*JwWi <W"n4 W ^ w ^ W aaWtoW w#/* r*'w* ^ v j O r> . hovo o'.'.o'.r.; inodoralo to r.ovoro L-o.ipov.ao in c13 :21: caao:; d`o ton par tent co.tsc.-itraCion in co.nol. This confrcio V'.: anayjo for 2 ,3 -.7 Btatrach.If:vodlbor.todionln which uuo foend in ccnccrTtra'iroiia avraci'j Libous'10~p;j2 . Tiilo r.oteriol preconio a dcfir.it;3 hazard uhich would require? all tho precautions used in 159 Dulldiag and 309 Bulldins eo prevent Injury, if it io prcscocod at 27 BuiIdIns. Dcw'o involvc-naat In oSiipplnr, ti:io catorial to niverdalo and Uocdoury al 00 eoneorna ca. There io 0 definito rlotr to 65:oir cr.ployoeo, Gopaaially oinco thoy oro probably unaware of tho problen and arc probably tauins r.o prccauticno. There io no aoeurar.ee tint their final predue to will be free of contamination. The available evidence pointo to tt:o opposite. Zn ny opinicn their products should notfce cold until animi testo shew these products to bo free of 0 significant hazard from the totrachlorcdibensodiosin and related materialo. 16b DOW 054090 t * r 9 l ( I /// St. loUil Dr. Txvl Itoreh 1 7 , 19*5 2,3*7#8-Tetrtehlorodlbn23'l-28r8_=pioxaae Hr. John Stephens J5TK? Inclosed 1b t sample or 2,3j7,8-tetraehlorodlbenryl-8adioxane. This was received from Dow Chemical Company, and according to them it la the Boat toxic compound they have ever experienced. Zt presumably la toxic by Kin contact, as veil aa by Inhalation. According to Dow It is 100 times as toxic as parathloa. Zt la, likewise, capable of causing an incapacitating chloracae. Z would recocaend that extreme care be uaed In handling; . that dilutions be aude tinder a hood; and that all equip ment be washed out iaaediately, or disposed of. Sven trace amounts of this (200 ppb) have caused chlorscne in rabbits, according to Dow. This is being given to you to calibrate the TPC method of analyzing for this compound in our 2,4,5*?. Z wish you would save aozae of it for me, as we would like to do some biological evaluation also. Please call me if you have any questions. KSS/ln ene. _X. Inset Kelly, X. 9 March 19/ 19^5 MIDCMIO, MICMIOAJI T-nset Kelly, M.D. Medicai Director Moneando-Chemical Company 300 North Lindbergh Boulevard St. Louis 66, Missouri Mr. Prancis Kennedy _Plant Manager -- Diamond Alkali Company .V 80 Lister Avenue Newark, New Jersey Dr. Vilkenfeld Dr. Ed Chandler Technical Superintendent Technical Service Hooker Chemical Corporation *' Diamond Alkali Company Niagara Palls, New York 3 OO Union Commerce Building .Cleveland, Ohio I Mr. Raymond'Verhoeze Dr. John ?. Prawley *"' " Hooker Chemical Corporation Chief Toxicologist Niagara Palla, New York Hercules Powder Company Delaware Trust Building Wilmington 99, Delaware Gentlemen: . I am writing this same letter to each of you. have talked with some of you and you have indicated the other persons within your own organizations who should be present. ' As per these telephoned conversations, I am inviting each of you to come to Midland to discuss the toxicology cal problems caused by the presence of certain highly toxic impurities in certain samples of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and related.materials. As I told all of you with whoa I have talked, we have-been doing analytical and toxicological research on this problemand wish to share our findings to date with all the producers of 2,U,5-trichlorophenol for the sole purpose of lessening any hazards to health that sight be attributed to this and related products. . Our discussions will deal-only with the toxicological and analytical aspects of the probles. We will not discuss manu facturing know-how; sales, or anything else not dealing with the pioblema of health. It is our hope* that through this meeting, we w i l l `acquire a better understanding of the problem and that each company L 2 March 19# 1965 will then proceed independently as it sees fit to institute such self-imposed controls on it's production as are necessary" *' to insure the safety of its products. inclosed is a copy of an analytical method our Analytical Labor?tory has developed. Perhaps you would like to "have your analysts look it over before coning, here. Our analyst WH 1 be available to.discuss the method with you. x I -have'-reserved a room for each, of you at the `Midland Country Club for the night of March 23,'1 9 6 5 . When you arrive at the .. .airport'serving Midland, Bay City and Saginaw, get the Midland limousine and it will take you'directly to the Country Club. I suggest that we all meet* In the lobby at 7 i30 AlM. for break fast and then we will come to our laboratory for our discussions ' I believe we can complete our discussions by lunch'tine so that. reservatldns for your return trips can be made for any time after lunch. . *: . . - If any of you have any questions, please call me. - 1; Sincerely yours,. V. K. Rowe Biochemical Research Laboratory 1701 Building Phone MB 6-2376 Area Code 5 17 VXR/jd To Dr. Prawley: \ .* ** Please bring another person .along IT you w i s h . -A .room is reserved. * _. i** n,\?aul BsfXtaaa f V ----- :---- - X talked with the Hercules representative who attend*] the Bov neetlng n tbe 2,4,5-y problea, Be wus Dtr. jack Trevly, 'f a toxicologict ~ It appears tbe presentation was tbs saae as tbs one 700 and I were given. Representatives of Ittaannd and Hooker were there. Or* Trawls? stated that Bov told tbe various ootapanleo in private hat tbe content off dioxane aaa in their 2,4,5-T add, X gathered that X&aaond and Hookes bad sens but Hercules stated they vers told they bad none, ^ Xt appeared to Pfavley that bow vts bavins thle meeting because . they did not think they could, in conscience not tell Industry about their findings,- Hercules also teens to believe that the Public Health Service would be ve<7 happy to get into the act, . vhether or not the c.-lor&ene cadets in tbe ultimate user. X Bust agree with then about this and it would sees alaoot Man datory that ve see iff we can first fire up our analytical aethods and then devise ways to alnladse the preaence off this known chlorecne agent, There is also another very good reason for us to <!o this. Re* g&ndless off what we think off tbe rabbit test thlr dioxane cocpourxi sust be a potent coats&lnaat, Tesy conceivably, it can be a potent carcinoses, ve, therefore, will never know hov close we art to bavins another tpldesle at Xlcro, ood v* cer tainly don't want to go through that again- X am going to be out off the country until sbput April 20, but hr. Johnson and Hr. ttieeler are quite familiar with the various aspects off this problem aaJ are available for discussions. KSSAa R. Exact Kelly, X, 0 o xi'Woj 6 S6 6 S Q ^ O 0 THI DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY Mu Ir Dn Lr aANi mD, MMilcnhhilgt amn Miroh 29 1965 . /J^ty * .m o4] r 7 - ** i ^ K . Rom Blooheulcal Research Laboratory I70I Building oot P. H. Riley R. N. Smiley L. B. Orant C. 0. Hutchenreuther F. C. Amstutx V. P. Falsey 0. 1. Lynn V. M. 0111 N. 0. Vlltse D. E. Pletoher V. L. Corbin D. D. Irish J. E. Peterson J. C. Tucker J. N. Harris H. V. Felnauer B. C. Stsehllng C. B. Otis K. T. Hansen R. C. Hoff V. J. McCoy J. D. Doedens K. C. Barron H. R> Hoyle B. B. Holder, M.D S. E. Sadek REPORT ON THE CHLORACNE PROBLEM KEET1N0 ON 3/2A/65 Presents Br. J. Wllkenfeld and Mr. Raymond Verhoeze, Hooker Chemical Corporation t Mr. Franela Kannady and Dr. Ed Chandler, Diamond Alkali Company Mr. C. L. Dunn and Dr. John P. Frawley, Hareulas Powder Company V. K. recapped the Dow altuatlon In term of the problem and the Initial studlea by Toxicology and Environmental Reaearch Laboratory regarding the ln-plant altuatlon. Ha expanded thla In general term to the atudy of end product, our and other people. He made reference to symmetrical tetrachloro-p-dlbentodloxln. He referred to the evidence for unxnown acnegena. There were some question from the group about the unknowns. We (Dow) were not able to answer these questions except to review the evidence for their exlstenoe in the process ample and end produot. CONfiDEWIuM S'JCJCT TO C.ViJrJCTION D.C,ED. A*XS.-4-78/ DOW2?A AGREEMENT 9 79 V. K. Rcm* - 2- March 2 9 , 19&5 D r . H o ld e r re v ie w e d the e * d lo a l a id e o f the Dow e x p e rle n o e j he a a ld th a t now have a p p ro x im a te ly 60 to 70 caaaa o f In d ia ld u a la w ith ohloraona ra n *In f r o * two aavara caaaa to tow v a ry a l l d caaaa th a t ware d i f f i c u l t to d ia g n o s e . Ha ahcrwad a lld e a o f tha aora d r a a a tlo c aa aa . Tha t l l d a a war e x c lu s iv e ly alrwa o f tha facaa o f tha ln d lv ld u a la a f f llo t a d . Ho d a a c rlb a d In f a i r d e t a i l tha appearanoe o f th a I n d i v i d u a l a m e n tio n in g th a blaokheade a p e o l f l o a l l y . Ha than ra v la w a d the o l l n l c a l e t u d la i t h a t a ra b a in * wade on thaao p e o p le w it h emphasis on the l i v e r fu n o tlo n t e s t e . Ha mentio n a d tha a In g le liv e r biopsy th a t haa bean taken and a c o d la d In which th e l i v e r waa norm al a lth o u g h th e nan had a r a t h e r pronounced caaa o f o hloraona. D r. H o ld er a la o m e n tio n e d the ln o ld an o a o f f a t ig u e among th a a f f l l o t a d p eo p le a * being tha only o th er s ig n ific a n t fin d in g In th ee* f o lk * . Ha tou ch ed b r i e f l y on tre a tm e n t ln d lo a tln g t h a t v a rlo u a t o p l o a l tra a tm a n te ware n ot p a r t i c u l a r l y e f f e c t i v e . Ha d a a c r lb a d the o y o lln g o f t h i s d la o r d e r in ln d lv ld u a la who had boon c o m p le te ly removed from expoeuro. Ha m entioned t h a t come fe lIo w a a re app roaching th e end o f t h e i r tr o u b le two n r two end o n e -h e lf y e a rs e f t e r onset o f th e a k in d i s o r d e r . Ha a la o d eao rlb ed "a o u te o h lo rao n a" whloh la an to u ts Inflam m ato ry condition th a t appaara considerably sooner than th e norm al chloracne In ln d lv ld u a la and appears a f t e r p ro nounced s in g le exposure. The aou te o h loraona ahowa up w it h in a few day a o f exposure. D r. H older mentioned f iv e to o lg h t d aye a p e o l f l c a l l y . T h ere waa o o n a ld a ra b la d le e u a a lo n by th e g roup on th e e kln d la o rd e r i t e e l f . The Hooker re p re s e n ta tiv e s r e la te d experience o f akin co n d itio n t h ir t y years a f t e r expo s u r e . T h e ir caeea were more s im ila r to the D ow loide bimpe w h ic h Dow has axp arlen eed In th a t th e re ware la r g e b o lle o r la r g o bumpa r a th e r than tha m u ltitu d e o f s m all blaokheade and e r u p tio n s which Dow is easin g in tha o u rre n t o a a a e . D r . Sedak showed a lld e a o f a ara and l l v a r a o f r a b b lta th a t had been expoaed to tha sym m etrical ta tr a o h lo ro -p -d ib s m o d lo x ln . Ha dieousaed tha pathology In d e t a il which I w i l l not attem p t to aucrnmrlta. V . K. mentioned the atudlea In which the r a b b it aara have been t r e a te d w ith TCBD In beniene o r c o m o i l and then washed w it h aoep end w a te r a t v a rlo u a tim e In t e r v a l e l a t e r . IT ix p o e u re occurs fo r very long, washing dose l i t t l e good. He a la o b r i e f l y mentioned the o r a l a tu d la a b ut w ith o u t d e t a i l . S llv e r a t e ln d escribed the p la n t study on washing o f c o n ta m in a tio n from to o ls and s u rfa c e s . T h l study In d ic a t e d th a t benzene, acetone and C hlorothane HU were e f f e c t i v e In removing the contam inant from to o ls end e le o t h a t d e te rg e n t and w ater w ith scrubbing a c tio n could c la e n up to o ls and equipment. Some d is cu s sio n ensued on the use 09663IMOC V . A . Row* - 3- to rc h 29, 1965 o f d i t i r | i n t and w a te r and the p o in t aaa n d a a g a in th a t a t r o n f sorubblnx a o tlo n waa necessary f o r t h la approaoh to b e u o e e a a fu l. H arold 0111 than dlaouaaad the a n a ly s is fo r te tra c h lo ro -p d lb a n s o d lo x ln by vapor phaaa chrom atography. Ha H a t e d th a l i m i t o f a a n a l t l v l t y on v a rio u s prooaaa m a t e r ia ls . Ha m entioned tha o i l which ha d aflnad as a n o n -a a p o n lfla b ia m ix tu r e o f o h lo ro a n la o le a . t a tr a o h lo r o b a n ia na and t r l o h lo ro b a iu a n a i th a U n i t o f a a n a l t l v l t y f o r TC8D In t h l a m a t e r ia l la IQ ppm. Tha l i m i t la 1 ppai f o r ? l , i - : t r } c h lo r a p h en o l, and f o r 2 .^ .5 - T A d d , a ith a r a o a tlo o r p ro p io n ic . r i T T l h a n d a f l n a l * p p S T H 'T T 'v ary d la o a m lb la p aak. Ha a a n tIo n a d t h a t ha a l | h t e s tim a te 0 .3 PP in aome ln a ta n o a a b u t t o bo o o n a a rv a tlv a th a a n a ly s t ra p o rts <1 ppm i f th a paak doas n o t aaaau rv up to th a q u ite i d e n t i f i a b l e l a v a l o f 1 p p a . Tha a n a ly t i c a l problem has n o t y o t been -so lved f o r tha T -A o ld a s ta r a . Tha g en eral prooadura uaad f o r tha T-A olda la to a x tra o t tha aaapla ( a r b it r a r ily about 20 grama) w ith chloroform (about to m i l l i l i t e r s ) , f i l t e r tha chloroform to remove s o lld a and wash u lt h an equal voluam o f K /10 c a u s t ic to ramova any a d d l e m a t e r ia ls . Tha c h lo ro fo rm a x tr a o t than la fo n o e n tra ta d by evaporation to o n e -te n th tha o rig in a l voluoej thus, tha oonoantratIon o f tha d io x in I n th a o h lo r o fo r a m i l l be tan tin e a h lg h a r than In tha o r i g i n a l sam ple. Vhan tha a n a ly s is la conducted on t r l ohlorophcnol, tha m a ta rla i la dissolved In H /l cau atlo to th e e x te n t o f lOjf, and th is s o lu tio n la then e xtrao ted u l t h the chlorofo rm and handled aa In d ic a te d a b o .e . A q u c a tlo n waa aakad about the u t i l i s a t i o n o f d e te o to ra o th e r than tha flam e Io n is a tio n whloh la a p e c lfla d In tha A n a ly tic a l Laboratory w rlto -u p fo r th la a n a ly s is . 0111 has n o t t r ie d tha n lo ro cou lo m etrlo d e te c to r beoauae he l a n o t a e t up to do so, but he has experim ented u l t h e le c t r o n c a p tu re . He s ta te d th a t t h e o r e t ic a l ly t h l a u n it should not provide any g re atsr Increase In a a n a ltlv lty . I n a c t u a l i t y ha found a a lig h t ln o reaae In a a n a l t l v l t y but t h e r e a re u s u a lly too smny o h lo rln a ta d apaclaa p re s e n t w h ic h may s a tu ra te the e le c tr o n c ap tu re c a l l whose re c o v e ry l a to o alow to be o f p r a c t ic a l uaa. He eujcmarlsed by Bay in g th a t the a lig h t lnoreaae In a a n a ltlv lty la not Sorth th a e f f o r t to awitoh from flame Io n is a tio n to a la o tro n c a p t u r e . A q u estion waa aakad about how the e x t r a c t io n la p erfo rm ed . 0111 stated th a t I t la performed In a wide m outh b o t t le on a shaker f o r one ho u r. ( I t was n ot men t io n e d , but I t la tha case th a t th is la dona a t room te m p e ra tu re .) Ha mentioned th a t spiked eartplea have been 19662* ! V. K. .we *- - M a r c h 29, 1 9 5 run t h is n i ; and the re c o v e ry ra n ja d fr o a 90 to 100 p er c an t. The r a tio o f aolvan t to tha a a t a r la l being axtrefcod on t h l a a ta p la not o r l t l o a l ac0o rd ln g to 0 1 1 1 . T h e ir tender'd procedure la 20 p t a i o f aaaple and lO l l l l l t a n i o f c h i o r o fo n e . On tr lc h lo r o p h a n o l aaaplea a p a o lf lc a llf t . 20 grama o f phanol la con verted to phanata -- about 10 p a r c a n t c o n c e n tra tio n In w a te r. Tha phanata a o lu tlo n la a itra A a d w ith 20 a l l l l l l t a r a o f chi orofona In a sin gle extraotlaan Tha c h lo ro fo rm la than eono antratad ao th a t tha ooocentaafcloa o f tha d io x in w i l l ba tan tla a a th a t In tha o r ig in a l s a ^ la . T te q u e s tio n o f v o l a t i l i t y o f d io x in aae up and R a r o l l O l l l a t i t H t h a t tv* found ha oan d l a t i l l o -d lc h lo ro b s n ie n > a a f fr o a ta tr o c h lo r o b a n a o d lo x ln . Ha a a Id t h a t In h la opLrtSsn tha a a o r a t waa to a v o id d i s t i l l i n g to d ry n e aa . A a a a b a r o f tha group aakad I f aaaplaa o f atandard TCBBwara a v a i l a b l e . Tha anawer waa p a and 100 ag a aaplaa w a r a g r o vld ad t o ona o f tha re p r e a a n ta tlv a e f r o a aaoh company. (A aaapla had p ra v io u a ly bean glvan to D r. R a lly o f Honsajttx.) A q u a a tlo n o f la b o ra to ry a a fe ty In tha a n a lv tlo a l work saw* up and th a b a a lo p re c a u tio n o f w aarln g v in y l g lo vaa waa M e n tio n e d . I n f c r a a t lo n r e l a t i v e to the g lovaa wa uaad waa p ro v ld a d to tha g ro u p . D la p o a a l o f c o n ta a ln a ta d L aboratory m t a r l a l a and p la n t a a t a r l a l a waa d la c u a a a d . Wa M entioned th a t Dow b u m a b m sm all aMount a o f w aata. Harold 0111 atatad th a t h la 1 * - o r a to r y a tu d y o f c o a b u e tlo n ahowad th a t 99*96 p ar c a n t o f th a d i o x i n a s a p ls waa bum ad a t 8oo*C. Wa d aao rib ad n p wa f a i t t h a t our p r e o tlo a o f b u rn in g s m all gMounta o f d io x in waa a aafa ona. V . K. th a n o u tlin e d tha p ro je c t In which p la n t aawpleeand p ro d u o ta (n o t Mentioned by m m ) wara aplked w ith i m i M i a o o u n ta o f th a TCBD. Tha aplked samples wara a p l i t fo e -th a purpose o f checking our a n a ly tic a l procedures fo r reooaary and c o r r e la t in g thaaa re e u lte w ith tha blo -asaay mmthafL The q u e s tio n o f s p e c ific a tio n , q u a lit y c o n tro l spec 1f i c t i o n t h a t l a , waa ra la a d and wo were asked i f we could g iv e le v e ls o f d io x in contam ination which ware perm issib le H a l t s . V K. m entioned th a t a t p re se n t we a re ualng ta r o w ith e r c o n fid e n c e o f 1 ppa in procaaa eemplea. There waa s o w d is c u s s io n on tha p ro b la a o f ouatoners using fin is h e d ycoducto under fa r leea d esirab le conditions of h e a lth c o rtro l th a n wa can p ro vide our worknen In our own p la n t . Thaea d t o be agreement aaong the group th a t wa could rvx a ffo r d to a e ll contaalnatad products. 9962 V. K Jack awnta ranci o f ta lo III Boti) am ili b aila nuabi m ia i arra lo x li Ib art of n 1 UI tb o n ra?< Ln (i froai tarli I V alar no r Mi Ih D oli rap th la a aa Uva oou r/t Tbar wara a lr of r a ll aatot tha TT* TokI Man tfaai -W T. K. Rowe - 3- Kerch 29 . 193 Jaok re ta rs o n then dlaouased the data fro a t n la a l a x p a rl* stents u a t n | pura aym m atrloal t e t ia c h lo r o b a n io d lo x ln . Ooaaa r a n | l o | from 2 p arta par b illio n to 1000 p arta par B illio n o r ta tra o h lo ro b a n a o d lo x in in baniana had baan a d m in iste red t o th a r a b b it a a r . Doaaga In a n a t caeaa waa 0 .1 ml p a r d ay. B o th in g le and M l t l p l a axpoauraa ha a baan a tu d la d and a a u ltlp le exposure ad m ln lete red on a f iv a daya p ar naak b a a ia . Tha a l g n l f l u n t fa o to ra in tha tody a ra do, tha nuB bar o f a p p lic a tio n and th a day on a x p o iu ra o f tha a n lm m le . Tha raaponaa tfhloh l a ra p o r t ad in th a groaa o b a r r v a t l o n o f tha c o n d itio n o f th a r a b b i t 1 a a r by th a t o x lo o lo g ia ta . T h la doaa not in o lu d a p a th o lo g ic a l fin d In g a - tha ra la not anough data in th la araa to d iao u aa. Tha la v a l o f raapooaa rangaa froai nona through v a ry a lig h t , a lig h t , a lig h t to B odarata, moderate. laodarata to aavara, aavara, and e xtrem ely aavara. Jack in d lc a ta d to tha group th a t th a ra la not a aha rp d a f in lt lo n between thaaa c a te g o rie s o f ra a p o n a a and in d lc a ta d a la o t h a t th a r a l a soma d i f f i c u l t y In g ra p h in g t h l a typ a o f raap o n aa. Ha d a a o rlb a d th a raaponaa f r o a ln g la a p p llc a tio n a to tha r a b b it a a r f l r a t i a t 100 p a r t a p a r B i l l i o n th a r a waa a a av ara raaponaa In a lg h t d ay aj a t to p a rta par m illio n th ara aaa a a lig h t raaponaa in a la v a n d a y e j a t 2 0 , 10, ^ and t p a r ta p a r B i l l i o n th a ra waa no ra a p o n a a . Thaaa t a a ta Mara run on a ln g la r a b b lta and m 1 th o u t Maahlng tha m a te ria l o f f . Jack than dtaouaaad tha m u l t l p l a a p p lic a t io n d a ta Mhlch ha too k f r o h la m a jo r g ra p h o f t h l a d a t a . Tha im p o rta n t p o ln ta t h a t ha mada f r o t h l a d a ta Mara f l r a t th a t a t tha li m i t o f VfC a a n a lt lv lt y m a a v a r a raaponaa may ba produced. In o th a r M orda, avan i f th a VfC doaa n o t d a ta o t TCBO, an a n l M l raaponaa may a t l l l o c c u r . R la aaoond im p o rta n t p o in t Maa th a t tha In d u o tlo n p e r io d f o r raaponaa averaged about ta n daya on tha a n lm ala in tha stu d ies. T h a r a Maa a brief dlaouaalon than about tha air sample that M a r a taken In tha plant, dllvereteln mentioned that soma a i r aamplaa have shown activity on tha anlmala. Tha degree of raaponaa la alight and tha number of aamplaa that ahow a o t l v l t y la email out of the total nunbar taken and the a m o u n t of air that muat ba eanplad la vary much larger than tha amount a men normally braathaa In an eight hour day. T h a meetin g waa adjourned. Tha group than proceeded to the T o x i c o l o g y Laboratory to view aoma of tha teat anlmala. They w a r e ahown rcaponaee of varying Intensity and theaa were d e s c r i b e d . Thla demonstration appeared to have considerable topppk 'TTrVlihfTiin Biochemical Research Laboratory 1701 B uilding O LOS :aJ l I 36620* A&G 0075 & L HL H . 1 K. Roms Htroh 89 , 19&3 V Poataorlpt All participant* i M n i to i p p m U t all Utt probla and all Indicated that thay raid ratura hoa* and attwot to oonvineo thalr a i M | * M a t to Uatltato safety specifications (really quality control) for Clair various products In Uila area. All eraad that tha lnduakv should act lta own responsibility. All Kara sary appreoLdlve of Don's effort to atsar tha away fro a enter araa. H a will tall whether wa aocca^lished our lesion, but as efsce 1 feel satisfied with our offort and Uta reception It calved. 000P.7I E tCLUB *ne M 1*5 JbSI JtllbOlJXDd teneger p io p ro d u c ts | M Chemical Of Canada t e n u , Canada DOW CONFIDENTIAL t,*,5-TKC2L0X0rSBiU. TSX *T" ACX28, AXD JLSS0CUTX3 A O U O O C S t tev not been negleetinc 7ur reusse for Information to d u ij dlseusslng the subject probleo ith Msugatuelc and the Co-Cp. Z bave been stynled, bomever, because the aaalytleal mthode teen changed and art la tbe proesss of belng cleared aad rrproducrd. Z xpect tbeo arry day, but rather tbaa M i t longer, Z tbought Z aheuld adTla pou of tba situation. Z 111 sod p i opias of tbeae metbods as sooa as they W o o m amllable. Za regard to tbo orapall probl, me are attempting to do evm rT thixg possible to avoid tho possible occurrence of ehlormm in any applications Involving tbo handling or uso of t r iahloropbenol, trtcfaloropbeooxyaeetie acid aad Its derivatives. I m yau 11 too, had a serious situation In our operating ^ pluts because of oontaalnatlon of 2,4,5-trlehloropheaol 1th * impurities, tbo most actI ts of hleh Is 2,3,7,8-tetrmchlorodibenxodloxin. This aatcrlal is exceptionally toxic1 I t has a tremendous potential for producing ehloracno aad systemic In jury. , If it Is present la the triehloropbcnol. It 111 bo serried through Into tbo T acid aad Into the esters and boaee Into formulations hleh are to bo sold to the public. Cm of the things hleh ve ant to avoid is the occurrence of any acne la consusers. I an particularly concerned here 1th per sons ho are using the asterial on a dally, repeated basis such ss custo operators nay use It . I f this should occur, the vbolo 2,4,3-T Industry 111 be b~*'d bit and Z ould axpect restrictive legislation, either barring the material or putting very rigid controls upon It . This la the main reason why ve are so coo esreed that m clean up our own house fro Ithln, rather than having someone froo without do It for us. In this may, * can approach the problem in an orderly manner. I f the producers and handlers of tais material ill cooperate, there Is mo reason why m cannot get this problem under strlot control wad1 thereby hopefully avoid restrictive legislation; In other words, let us practice good eltlsenehlp. at the present tins, me are * the opinion that material containing no tetraehlorodlbenxo4^^xla *ltb a certainty of 1 ppmdoes not present an appreci able haasrd to consumers; likewise, me do not believe that sueh b u ria l constitutes a significant baaard to persons orbing la l^ l^ o lis n d * U M 3t, 1965 r truce that you 111 ^ rr Judietou 1 your us of Wits lofopMtloo. It could * quit barrassia* if it *r* mlsl a t c r p m t c d or m isused T. X. ** SIocbeatesi JUstarofc Laboratory 1701 Buildia* tt 6*2376 TXVjd V* VW frsdy Soldtmta X. Asstutx d. Ooryca X. Soy! Corresponden* Cbdcr no circula canees may this lttr b bio# or trot to anyon* outside of Dorn. i <''*'* m N . TTT T O n n M O a J /?r7l" r * 7^0 ^ P?*J Ji/fTtr 1 THE CHLORACNE PROBLEM - BIOCHEM'S CONTRIBUTION / .SS. ^ dS+! >7 *. j vj _> 18.012 Late : -?/'//5 File: B7' SUMMARY /..y ^ +*%!******** An outbreak of chloracne. in the trichlorophenol process in 199 Building and in 3^9 Building has resulted In approximately iiO cases of chloracne in Dow people. ` The outbreak was precipitated primarily by a series of process changes which increased the pro duction of a chloracne-producing impurity in trichlorophenol. Increased exposure to operating and to maintenance personnel also contributed. Much effort by persons in the Analytical Laboratory, the Toxicology Laboratory, and the Environmental Research t laboratory h3S resulted in the Isolation and identification of one impurity which is capable of having caused the difficult yfand has also resulted in control of the exposure situation so that no new cases of chloracne have appeared in the last four months. Some Important questions remain to be answered. There is evidence that other compounds than the one already Isolated and identified and studied are capable of producing chloracne. Their significance in the trichlorophenol process is not yet known. CHLORACNE Chloracne is a skin disorder characterized by the appearance of blackheads and small bumps. These appear first* on the face of the individual affected. Depending upon extent of exposure, the skin disorder may spread to other parts of the body. Infection and irritation of the skin rash may cause enough discomfort of- the" ^ ^ I * I <r> r> . . m f w . .M . i ZTT TOO()/AOa 2 of the trichlorophenol,cases. Hie materials known to cause chloracne in humans are usually chlorinated complex organic molecules. The compound isolated from trichlorophenol caustic insoluble oil is 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro5^le/n^c> ^S^rdioxin (symmetrical). This compound and others which have been shown to cause chloracne have also been shown by animal tests and Borne human experience in other companies to produce liver damage if the exposure is-more extensive. Thus far, no liver injury has been detected by clinical examination of the affected Dow people. Two aspects of the ailment are distinctive and somewhat frustrating. First, there is a latent period of approximately two months after sufficient exposure before the disorder is evident on the person. Secondly, once a person has contracted chloracne, the recovery period is from about six months to two years for the cases which Dow has encountered. In some instances, the Europeans have encountered recovery periods as long as five years beforethe man was completely free of Jjttj^chloracne. TT T 0 0 0 / A O H -3- TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH In 19^1, Adams, Irish, Spencer and Rowe of the Biochemical Research Laboratory published a paper in Industrial Medicine on The Response of Rabbit Skin to Compounds Reported to Have Caused Acneform 4. Dermatitis". They described the animal test using the rabbit ear, CJ which has been extremely valuable in the' studies of compounds which may cause chloracne in humans. The rabbit appears to be very sensitive to such compounds, but it is non-specific, that, is, the folliculitis Sr i til which occurs in rabbits does not identify the particular agent. Another shortcoming of the rabbit test is the period of time necessary for the folliculitis to develop. There appears to be an induction period 1 of approximately one week for thefdioxinV hereafter abbreviated TCCB,) to produce folliculitis in rabbits regardless of the severity of exposure. There is eeeae evidence that unknown* may produce folliculitis in .rabbits with a shorter induction period. Before a particular test sample is exonerated, the test is run for four weeks of repeated daily application to the rabbit's ear. In 19^ research in the Benzene Research Laboratory produced a severe case of chloracne and toxicology studies on animals showed that the probable culprit was a chlorinated double ether produced from the experimental solvent being studied. At this time, samples from the trichlorophenol process were also studied and the caustic insoluble oil was shown to be active by the rabbit ear test. There was no human experience with chloracne in the trichlorophenol production group at that time. The/product was shown to be Inactive by animal test*.' DDW OOOj -u- In 2955 a number of German manufacturers of trichlorophenol and at least one French company had human experience with chloracne that caused them to shut down production plants and to study the problem. Their studies contributed c s b to the medical - to process improvements, but not much to the toxicology ef the situatior The Germans isolateJthe TCD and 9. some limited animal BtudieB on It and on some chlorinated dibenzofurans (diphenylene oxides) but this a T> e was/very limited amount of work. They-did even less 1 the evaluattsn VUG exposure?of their people which led to the Injuries. 7 In 1957/ a series of process samples were, acquired from 199 and 3^9 Buildings and tested on anlmalB. The tests Indicated that the caustic insoluble oil and coll reactor product in 199 Building were active and that the tar from the color stills in 3^9 Building was also active. The precautions first recommended in 194$ were re-emphasized. There was still no human injury in the trichlorophenol process. I i About 1956/ impurities in trichlorophenol produced by Dow and Hooker were isolated and studied by animal test and shown to be inactive 1 '1 Over the years, some samples of end products such as Silvex, ^onnel, and 2,4,5-T acid have been tested on animals and in no case. was chloracne activity detected in these products. -i process a ' In 1952^ supervision of 199 Building sent/samples/ffrom the ! , then existing process and from a pilot run c^pftop'mseffi change n the 'PgocflflfLvh1 rfr was a decrease in the caustic concentration, in-ba-- l xtai tiii^ materials. These samples were tested on animals and again |(i>7! - 5- C $ the caustic insoluble oil was shown to be active but no more active in C the new process than in the old. The Biochem report reiterated the ^ precautions necessary in handling the oil and the change was made at 199 Building. There was still no human injury. wt /I When the chloracne outbreak occurred in early 1964, many more process samples were tested on animals with particular attention to the caustic insoluble oil. Two samples of this oil were dramatically differentr vela, than those tested before or since. These two samples killed the rabbits when applied at the same concentration as has normally been used. The oils had to be diluted to Dl concentratlo before the animais survived and showed folliculitis. The normal test concentration of caustic insoluble oils up to that time had been 10 dilution. Subsequent studies on the TCBD have indicated that the fnb+l'r amount of TCBD in these two samples of oil isfnot sufficient to cause 'j y the death of the animals.T In July of 1964, the rabbit ear test was ! used for the first time on wipe samples of the building equipment and surfaces at 199 Building. The wipe tests Indicated extensive icontamination of 199 Building. This test has been repeated periodically to the extent that over 600 animal teBt^ have been run since loet July/*?, ^ directly related to the chloracne problem^_^ } A representative oil sample was selected in August 1964 to j be fractionated in order to isolate and identify the chloracne-produclng Jorf* impurities. Skelly of the Analytical Lab isolated a number of fractions which were identified, among them the TCBD, which was also synthesized by Skelly fronj^benzodloxin. The two materials were identical 4*efecgec infraredyhncirtnelting point*, and both showed extreme activity on the pO W O O O l J - 6- -.KKits Other fractions indicated little or no activity pn the animals 'Tj> isolated material was utilized by VPC*to standardize a /aethod for detecting this impurity. Harold Gill's group in the Analytical Laboratory has consistently improved the VPC sensitivity in process samples so that at .the present about 1 ppmAof TCBD may^be detected in various process samples. However, the animal studies have Indicated . C 1 6./Aj>i (p bJ that rabbits are sensitive to TCBD down to approximately 5 ppb^upoh repeated application to the ear. The rabbit test remains the most sensitive method of detecting acnegenic activity, Hiniisw r , Single application studies on TCBD Indicate that parts per million are necessary for a response so that VPC does provide a first step in n evaluating the hazard from TCBD specifically.T . ny wipe samples and / ^ome proa the TQBD hjinowns in the regibn of Sample^Pf chlorinated dibeniofij and ruiy by/VPC./ These tL^5{|nipoynds satfe refeloi/ as Some of |tthesb unknown this 3&me r iowns \arTe trul^f thatj ty, howfcVer^ $antr wipe samples with no detectable TCBD but amounts of unknowns have shownfactivity on the animals tnajn cantoat be accounted for by the T^G D low level of -dioxin-which may be present. The chloriiV ted dibenzofuranB 8 T T T O O !> M a -7- purified and tested again on animalSy^The p^jraibili^nexists that th^se are o'ontimlnafcA ti^mLel^sb^d^rien. ^Siis pos5ibility"has TOt^^en inves^vigataiy as yet. More detail on the results of process sample and wipe sample testing on animals will appear in the sections under specific building numbers. Tinc^h* Studies are no in progress on Dow and products^and those of other manufacturers for acnegenic activity. Thus far, no Dow id products have shown activity on animals while some other manufacturer^ end products are showing activity on animals as well as detectable 1 \ i j dioxin by VPC analysis. The Analytical Laboratory and the Toxicology Laboratory are presently conducting a project to determine the analytical and animal test limits of sensitivity for TCBD in various c Dow products rrart-tng from trichlorophenol. This project is aimed at developing a quality control specification for -the dioxin in consumer ! I i I | . products. 199 BUILDINQ The first animal test: on trichlorophenol process material: was conducted in 19 ^5 i at which time the caustic insoluble mil was shown to be active. Precautions were recommended at that time. The !S I I< )| !i !j |i second animal test took place in 1957. The caustic Insoluble oil was again active and the coil reactor product was also active. Other jT process samples were not active. Precautions were"recommended again for handling the oil. v ! l j (K GIT xoooMoa -8 - In 19551 the C. H. Bdjringe^john 3 Company In Germany asked for information from the Givaudan Corporation, which company referred the request to Dow. A letter describing the hazards and precautions for safe handling of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol was sent to Bdrlnger with a data sheet from Biochem enclosed. The letter answered seVen specific questions regarding our own plant experience. In 19571 Bcsringer sent Dow and all other known trichlorophenol /C* manufacturers a letter describing the fanrtfee of. their research on chloracne in the trichlorophenol process. The letter described the danger points in the process and the limits which had to be observed in order to avoid producing acne exciter in trichlorophenol and in 0^ 5 -T acid. A temperature limit of 150*C for the xaaetdgh was emphasized by Bopinger. i^ NoH ? In 1962, the above taentionod animal test indicated that the caustic Insoluble oil from a 73 caustic process and from a 2k% caustic process were the same in that they both produced folliculitis on animals LO /ViA/f/*iT '.tJ' lor about the same aaae-r of response. The Biochem report reiterated | the precautions but stated there was no evidence of Increased hazard in j the new process. j In July 1963, 199 Building started up on maw tetrachloro^enzen j Yi t *" , < * * / j whlch^caused line plugging problems and increased exposure of personnel according to the/Superintendent. In November and December of 1963, the plant ran at capacity. The caustic insoluble oil production was above normal ad the oil was drawn off more frequently.^It was also being i'Jv 'mpled regularly. The samples were taken to theflao for freezing point analysis. The temperature at which the plant process was run was also !I ifP- -9- c $ h l r 5' d^'' JanuaryI l 1964, the flr8t edlcal report of %fee case of ;illoracne ted'survey by the Environmental Research Laboratory. t'--ricj h*uloirorpmhhepnnOoll Tbe/operatort job was studied clos issued on 2/5/&f recommending chan6ces ^the procedure0sealny* a<nd a report H M c hygiene habits. Some changes in the oJn, ^draw-off eoul 115 persnal procedure were already in itiated before the ipnt and survey got under way. in the spring of i96J( * r0n" eatal Rearch we insroeluobaldee boiylthseamfphleosenwih,iSchpUlrlinedg thCeooapnainmyals were take*n'* a*t -thtehepClba*cn"atSu.*s`tic In ^ly 1964, the first wipe samples were taken. The .building was found be extensively contaminated. Some air sampling was begun at this zo m0 activity was found in the air samples. In August 1964, VPC tine. -r-f.cfcj* -rc*2> .*detected m tia'uhlorobens cdioxin, phe oil was fractionated, tbs d^o^in*** A 0 fT~ isolated and identified, and was also synthesized. In of 1964/ k>S ue eae&e of rtilciame appearod. Phoenix Sprinkler men, some area shop people, and moro 199 Building employees developed chloracne. Wipe samples indicated continued contamination. Extensive clean-up measures were undertaken. Wipe samples showed improvement but not complete elimination of the contamination, fllr nnnnlrn. in late October 1964, there was a flare-up of some existing ctyloraene cases in 199 Building people. ThlB was brought on by exposure to hot fumes from a screen in the phenate product line. Animal tests, showed that this phenate was active and that the screen residue was extremely active. This phenate went to 349 Building and is the probable cause of the 13 XZX m n n A A o n - 10 - ?*{*' three cases which eventually appeared In 3^9 Buildingf About November 1 19 6 -U, v e r y s t r i n g e n t safety p r e c a u t i o n s w e r e i n s t i t u t e d in 199 Building. These included a full-time health supervisor whose Job was to review e a c h a n d e v e r y m a i n t e n a n c e or i n s t a l l a t i o n J o b ^ l t h e g c e otsor r__ _ to s p e c i f y the d e t a i l e d s a f e t y p r o c e d u r e s w h i c h the m e n s h o u l d follow. Clean-up activity continued and extensive modifications of equipment a n d the b u i l d i n g of an e n c l o s u r e a r o u n d p a r t s of the p r o c e s s Giftr r e took p l a c e in N o v e m b e r and D e c e m b e r of 1964. iiltiirr.-My hundredfl-of outside personnel were involved. Wipe tests indicated improvementLin the contamination situation and air samples a showed no activity on the animals.' In 1965, the full-time health supervision continues. VPC analysis is now being used for quality control of the phenate leaving the building. Wipe tests show substantial improvement. However, air samples are beginning to show activity on the animalB, although only one air sample thus far has shown detectable dioxin by XPC analysis. A very significant factor is that to the present date, there ; I have been no new cases of chloracne since the institution of the full-ti J health supervision and extreme safety precautions. Two cases have | appeared at Medical since that date, but both of these have shown that ; l the individuals were in the area and had possible exposure prior to the 1 November 1 st date. Since the induction period in people is about two ; months, and it is now approximately t&e*e months since the height#'of activity in 19 9 w i t h the m a n y o u t s i d e p e r s o n n e l , t h e r e is e v i d e n c e that 1, the safety precautions which were uBed were satisfactory. These \ p r e c a utions a r e b e i n g continued ,on Jobs in 199 Bu i l d i n g . ZZl TODO M O O - 11 - 349 BUILDING Sodium trichlorophenate from 199 Building la received -by 32^9 Building where it is neutralized^ a ten-fold con- centration of the material to provide crude trichlorophenol. This "wet feed" is Jfcktt through a drying column; the "dry oil iB then distilled in two color stills. ' . -f The first animal tests run on 349^samples in 1957 indicated activity only in the tar from the color stills.- This was mild activity, less than that demonstrated by the caustic insoluble oil at 199 Building Similar samples taken in early 1964 again showed the tar from the color stills to be active. Samples taken in October 1964 showed activity in -- the wet feed,rthe dry oil and again^the tar from the color stills. The 7product was still not active, on animals... Samples taken in November 1964 l showed activity again in the wet feedl^he dry oil and the product ss Inactive. The degree of activity in the crude material^ was less than that in the October samples. The contaminated phenate mantlenod above, at the end of , October 1964/1was processed by 349 Building. She -act!!Lies uf^Tg^r - pipe fitters and an operator at 349 ^ n early November^invol'ved cleanjjng- lines and changing- valves in lines which had carried the contaminated phenate. The actual exposure that brought on chloracne in the 349 Building personnel .is not definitely established but this is the most j likely situation which could have caused it. i In early November, Clare Bailey, 349 Building Superintendent, issued a written sheet describing precautions to be taken because of the I Tnm/^OCJ - 12 T otential hazard. This resulted from the 199 experience and was romulgated on Bailey's initiative as a precautionary measure. About the first of this year, 1965, objections by worlcmen to working in 349 c a u s e d the adoption of full-scale protective measures in that building P N & in r e g a r d to the trichlorophenol process. Further complaintB caused the e x t e n s i o n of such precautions to the entire reactor room, including the bisphenol process. Wipe tests eventually indicated that the QKtU'A' bisphenol^i" free of contamination. In fact, only limited areas of the trichlorophenol section show contamination. Clean-up and further wipe tests are being delayed until process equipment has been moved to a new location outside the work area of 3^9 Building. Extensive clean-uj will be necessary in the alleyway behind 3^9 because of contamination `rom the trichlorophenol tar. A health supervisor is now stationed at 3^9 Building and full precautions, are being taken on any Jobs where exposure is possible. Onlj S \Jf three c^bes^have shown up at 3^9 thus far, none since the incident in early November. Composite samples of finished trichlorophenol from 3^9 have been run on anlmalB at either a 10 or l concentration in Dowanol.EM. Under these conditions, no finished product from 3^9 has shown activity on animals. Quite recently, VPC has succeeded in lowering sensitivity f foar TCBD in trichlorophenol to about 1 ppm. Ihey have since analyzed some retainer samples and found some with detectable plus unknowns that appear in the same place as the chlorinated benzofurai These samples were extracted with chloroform for analysis. The chlorofoj tracts, wheiTplaced on rabbits'ears, are showing activity. 1% O 13 - \ Another tar, the catch-all tar In 3^9* has shown some slight ^ activity on animals. This is the residue from catch-all distillation for 265 Building. The "catch-all" material itself did not show activity The tar from the dichlor still was not active. Tar, cmide product and final product from the Dowicide 3 processor? currently being studied on animals.f Bowielde 3 in the past'has beerf regarded as a potential chloracne-producing material. 267 BUILDING Finished trichlorophenol from 3^9 is processed in 267 Building to 2,4,5-T acid and to 2,4,5-T esters. Process samples taken in early 1965 showed no activity with one exception. The residue from the sodium salt filter press showed slight activity'on the rabbit ear. L-? p Wlpe^teste in 267 Building are still in progress but show no activity at this date. bjJL* Hyman experience in 267^ would, indicates no problem in the past, but the eiee usietane.ee of exposure/ lead-te-grave -eonoorn over-fwt-ure .* pjoblens if contaminated materials are processed at 267 Building. 263 BUILDING I I A number of Dowicides are produced and packaged in 265 Building Pentachlorophenol, tetrachlorophenol, and others are among the products.' Penta- and tetra- have long^been known to be capable of causing chloracn -She /uman experience at 265/hs Indicated no particular problem; only an occasional caseylthrough the years has been reported at Medical. At the isent time, two Individuals, an operator and*plpe fitter have been - 14 - Tnn,.vM reported to have mild cases of chloracne. Process samples are currently being studied on animals. N o wipe testing has been done as yet at 265 Building,ttstflT. 266 BUILDING Three cases of chloracne have been reported from 266 Building. None of the processes or materials in 266 Building have been known to *~-i-- c a u s e c h l o r a c n e ip t h e past. Its proximity to the Dowicide plant fcee- T ir>yrg,K1pa1~ l vi iIiii_ijT -biijpne tteessttss iinn 226666 BBuilding vA ^.rCoroccees s samples/ parahydroxybenzaldehyde process have also been tested on a n i m a l s since the most significant case is in an operator on this proces None of the process samples were active; only one wipe test(on the mobil- elevator in the warehouse sectionj was active on animals. This elevator has been decontaminated and painted. It is difficult to explain the contact which resulted in theBe three cases of chloracne. 206 BUILDING * This building has three cases of chloracne in operators who hav worked on the finishing and packaging end of the 6X process. 6x has bee: \ known as a chloracne-producing material for many years. The cases in th building were reported to Medical in the middle of 1964. Study of the finishing end, distillation and drumming-off of 6X, indicated numerous I i qpportunities for exposure. The process was not running on 6X Itself, bu on Apocuoy material using the same equipment and the circumstances as ^ d r i f W u i l u u . Wipe tests were made of the equipment and area but no TOO0AA00 - 15 - 6X contamination. This equipment is presently being cleaned up for other service, precautions are being taken. The Dowlcide 3 process will soon be moved, in its entirety, to 206 Building. Plans have been made to study it thoroughly in its initial operation in 206 Building. ' 206 Building is a neighbor of 199 Building and for this reason the question of neighborhood contamination from 199 was Investigated by means of wipe tests in Bpots likely to have been contaminated by 199 effluents. None of these wipe tests were active. Some wipe teats at 199 Itself indicated a rather quick drop-off of activity with distance from 1 the vent on the roof of 199 which was the source of roof contamination at that building. 1603 BUILDING Bradley's group in Chem^hysics Research Laboratory has been D *studying variations offtrichlorophenol process. Two of the group contracted severe cases of chloracne about two and one-half years ago i as the result of exposure during laboratory runs. Their former work area in 294 Building and their present work area in 1603 Building were J wipe tested and no active samples were found in either place. j1 Laboratory samples have been submitted by this group occasionall1 'l in the last two years, appraarj mafce-yr~ Many of these samples have demon- strated activity on the animals. ! BUILDING K widiger's group in/Benzene Research Lab has been studying the ~ 'Trent trichlorophenol process. Wipe samples have been taken of the work areas in bjk Building. Those that have been completed showed no DOWiiuUi 127 - 16 - activity. 703 BUILDING The Waste Disposal Department bandies the caustic Insoluble oil from 199 Building and the tar from 3^9 Building, both of which are active. Wipe samples have been taken in the tar burner area. Soil samples were also tested and wipe samples of the vertical tar burner are in process. Some activity was found on an area around the tar burner. Waste Disposal haB been advised of necessary precautions. Other possibly contaminated effluents have been discussed with the Waste Water group of Waste Disposal and arrangements made for necessary precautions when called for by work on waste disposal lines. Larry Silverstein Manch 10, 1965 Jd i I . L2k c^S ft TRICAT-ORGPHENOL SL'MMARV ** *+w J 225 0 1 O ... J l i 4hLjjzzfb.<2tAi:S>rQ2wcq rs cc ro /lr-.fr,:;nenoi and derivatives pic-cucers ai* Hew. Monsanto, HsrcvJ^s Diamond and Hooker. Dow and Hooker isolate and d istill es -U rf'-u tri-tMerophenol prior to sa le s and use, and analyses of sam ples cf- their sales products show no exciter present. It is suspected that A -fculis a^so d istills the trichlorophenol as sam ples of their 2, 4, 5-T af. id shows _no exciter. Diamond and Monsanto do not isolate the t r i- c .io n ;..'.er.ol to purify it, but make a ll derivatives from the sodium sa lt. Analysis of -Monsanto's 2 , 4 , 5-T acid shows 3 - 8 ppm, e x c ite r , and analyses of Diamond's sodiumtrichlorophenate shows 6 - 2 4 ppm. exciter ua a* CO II. P r t knowledge of Toxicology `.'here are publications in the m edical journals alleging chloracne response from 2 , 4 , 5-T acid and derivatives. Based on our d a ti, we eon r ^ d ily see th .i such a response can occur from impure 2, 4 , 5 -T , - tka pure 2, 4 , 5-T w ill not give th is response. We an identify one- of the so-called exciters as 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxiit. It has j*en u?olated froze the Dow trichlorophenol operation and has been synthesised. Chemical structure and biological activity of each has fea&n cenfir<nfr2. it is one of the m ost toxic m aterials known causing not onuy sxm lesiv rs. but also liver damage. We have demonstrated positive action *x40. parts per billion and equivocal resu lts at 4. 0 pa rts per billion. We have dev ..-loped a quantitative analytical procedure which wi*l analyze fo r the ex cl.er at 1 .0 ppm. sen sitiv ity . Over 500 sam p les havo been analyzed A.rd biologically checked to date. We have also Isolated and identified tfte unsym m etrical tetrachlorodibenzodioxin and it is p resen tly l.;ing checked for biological activity. In addition to the identifiable m aterials, VPC shows som e 15 additional compounds which are of mkhev'n activity and identity. Further research is required to isolat*. md ic.. ..tify these m aterials to determ ine their significance. The m issin g . .k i this entire study is that there is no quantitative relationship to --:im_i response and human response at the present tim e. Lu. Contacts with Triehloronhenol Producers V. K. Rowe has had telephone conversations with the M edical Director ...nd A ssistant Medical D irector at Monsanto and the C hief T oxicologist or H ercules. Rowe has discussed the problem and has given them our analytical methods. These men want to follow through on this problem .-.a are in favor of a meeting with a ll the trichlorophenol produce : i. Since Rowe has no contacts at Hooker and Diamond. Lou Corbin u: f. products Sales w ill make these contacts requesting their designate;, .jet In touch with V. K. Rowe. This w ill be done M arch 1, 1965. Rowe will i sou ss the problem, invite them to the meeting and offer our anal.>...wil methods. IV. Pr^.-Kased Meeting of Tricnloroohenol Producers A of the trichlorophenol producers i s ten tatively scheduled DOW 019295 - 2- 1 , Dow review the literature on the subject. 2. Dow d iscu ss the toxicological data, we have to date. 3. Dow to se ll the group on the idea the industry must police itself or the government w ill. 4. If the producers accept this philosophy, decide if we should and who should go to the appropriate federal government agencies. V. Status with Boehringer of Germany In D ecem ber 1964, Dow sent a team to B o eh rin g er of Germany to discu ss the chloracne problem. Boehringer had th e sam e problem, solved it, and have operated 3 years sa fely . In O erm r iy a verbal secrecy agreement was made to the effect that all oral and written process know-how receiv ed from Boehringer would be held s e c r e t by Dow for 10 years and Dow would pay $35. 000 for its uae. The te a m r e c e iv e d Boehringer's process d etails and flow sh eets while in G erm any and v a r io u s * pieces of correspondence since they returned. Our new plant is design ed on the basis of this know-how. At the present tim e a w ritten , le g a l s e c r e c y agreement is being negotiated. J. D. Doedens Chemicals Department March 1, 1965 eb. cc: V. K. Rowe e f V* ' . . [U I TOTAL P -05 ^ X b Uc A ^ f>OV/ 7 4 G b THE DOW CH EM ICA L COM PANY MIDLAND, Michigan August Id , 1966 c. a . Highhill 2,4-3 riant 489 Building cc: E. C. Staehling, Org. Chem. Fredn., 258 Building F. C. Amstutz, Herbicide Section, 441 Building F. I. Chase, 2,c-D Products, 469 Building B. B. Holder, M.D., Medical Department, 607 Bull A. W. V.'ilson, Safety Department, 4C1 Building V. K. Rowe, Biochemical Research Laboratory re e I would like samples from ycur first run with 2,4,5trichlorophenol in the direct ester orocess. The animal test will detect the presence of chicracne-producing compounds. Please send me a sample of the final product and any intermediates that you think snculd be tested. If activity is detected, the intermediate may tell us where the trouble starts. Because of the concern accut c.nlcracne, I think we should run animal tests on 2,4,5-T enters for a time to prove the lack of hazard, even if zne first tests are negative. L. G. Silverstein Biochemical Research Labora 1701 Building THE D O W CHEMICAL COMPANY yTDIAND DIVISION April 25, 1967 - .jo X. E. Coulter Midland Division Research & Development 566 Buildins >v*r.r , CHLORAONE RESEARCH PROGRAM History of Chloracne Incffences at Dow: Hi storically, Dow Cnemics] has been involved in chloracnc incidences ever since Dow began the production of chlororh r.ols. At first, the commercial production of chlorophenols was* conducted at 2C6 Building. During the period 193^-36 there was a severe outbreak among the employees which resulted in an unsuccessful lawsuit. The chloracne incidents were traced back to poor working conditions and the manufacture of y x S i T S Dowicide P. The manufacture of Dowicide P has since been 0f pOW. 5 6 i'. terminated. New and improved working facilities for the Dovricide group were constructed at 265 Building in 19^0. * -vIn the late 1930's, Ties Stoesser in 2QA lab got a serious chloracne attack from chlorinated diphenylene oxide. Drastic `-"'treatments were used to cure this incident and no further work va' cone on this series of compounds. It is suspected that many of the other incidentrs of chloracne are caused by chlorinated diphenylene oxides or analogues thereof. In the next ten years, another unfortunate situation occurred ,.ir\ the chloracne situation. Some of the Dow customers complained abcut dermatitis and/or chloracne from the use of Dow's Dov/3/+ Dowicide 3 1 understand financial adjustments were made and' tlif/0 Ch m *' th<5 production of Dovricide 3 terminated. A purified material of related structure is-now cold as Dowicide 31 and 32. PHiHtL During the period 19^0-65, the product 6 x (diphenyl oxid-.' chlorinated to the he;ca level) va3 manufactured at 206 Building and at least one severe case of chloracne occurred because of this product. The production of 6X has been terminated. In the research lab at 172 Building, there were some cases of chloracne from research exposures. In one case, a severe case resulted from the recycling of residues from the manufacture of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol using glycol as a'solvent. In another case, several mild cases occurred hydrolyzing polychlorobenr.enes using aqueous caustic at high temperature. The Chemical Fhyr.ics Lab had several incidences of chloracne from the recycling of caustic insolubles in the alcoholic caustic hydrolysis of tetrachlorobenzene. In 1953> the 2,4,5-trichlorophenol hydrolysis step at 19 9 Euildir. was modified for' economy and safety reasons from the use of 100^ caustic to 235 caustic. The rabbit test for chloracnigcns in the caustic insolubles obtained from a pilot run at this time indicatt that the test response for chloracnigens showed no difference between caustic insolubles obtained by either procedure. Ifciring the latter part of 19^3, the production department, in order to increase capacity, raised the reaction temperature and increased the throughput. This meant that more caustic insolubles were produced, and more Dempster loadings had to be made. This meant that employees had more exposures to the caustic insolubles, and the caustic insolubles due to the higher temperature had larger concentrations of chloracnigens. Thus the higher concentration of chloracnigens and the more frequent exposure caused many mild incidences of chloracne in 199 Building and two severe cases (LTI1 In 1906, a new process (Boehringer) was put into operation using a batch reactor at low temperature, and so far has operated satis factorily. v '*' After they started up their Dowicide plant, the Canadians began to experience chloracne incidences in their employees. In Midlanc more than half of the Dowicide employees have chloracne of varying intensity and it is impossible to say when or where these incidenc occurred. Research Program in Progress for Chloracne Reduction: -Because of the prevailing existence of chloracne in the Dowicide plants and a sincere desire to reduce or eliminate this, research has been initiated in 1966 on this' problem. Progress has been slow due to the complexity of the problem. The problem involves isolation and determination of the identity of the chloracnigens. After being properly identified, work can progress on its recuctic or elimination in the process. In commenting on chloracne, we must keep in mind that chloracne \ is a cosmetic evidence of the attack and serious liver damage, is an invisible effect of the attack. Rabbit ear tests are a positive sensitive method of determining the chloracne activity of chlorophenol impurities. Present Knowledge of Chloracnigens: Compound Cl Cl Activity 2,3,7,8 Tetrachloro - Very positi Cl1 - 3 - Not active C1s -t - Possibly some cpds. activ Cle - Not active Very active Activity Very active Cl^_^ - Unknovm activity Cli-2 - Unknovm activity Cls-e - Some very active CXt-e - Some activity? Cla + - Some activity Materials possessing unexplained chloracne activity: - Some Midland batches are mild -..-r-preactive - Many Canadian batches are mi- reactive ... _ NaOH^ Dowicide G All sludges are active ....Compound *- Activity >203* .... _ ----- > ..... All decompositions are acti-, C li -s I/-' -- OH -- He-.t , i5 o sc: Some have activity CI3-5 Midland Research Program on Chloracne: The following chloracne activity fractions are being examined for isolation, identification,' and minimization of chloracne activity. Unfortunately, due to shortage of technical help, the program is proceeding quite slowly. c 1. Dichlo'rophenol still residue. 2. .-..y Pentachlorophenol process samples. &. Dowicide 6 and 7 "active" batches. b. Dowicide G sludge. c. Dowicide G scrubber sludge. ..si'. r .w r feti: The method of research is t o `first concentrate the sample (remove chlorophenols); then fractionate by chromatography; test fraction on rabbits, then further fractionate by chromatography, then test fraction on rabbits; etc., then determine structure by micro analysis; then determine method of analysis in original sample; and then investigate process changes which will minimize the chloracnigens in the process. The Benzene Research Lab.and the Biochem Research Lab are collabora ting in this project. The Benzene Research Lab does the chemical research and the Biochem Research Lab does th testing on the rabbits on their charge. * Alex Tiidiger Benzene Research Laboratory 474 Building Je cc: W. H. Haberstroh. 474 Bldg. R. C. Sauers, 47* Bldg. S. L. Bender,' 172 Blcg. E. C. Staehling, 253 Bldg. L. Silversteir., 1701 Bldg. \%1 C o n C e i l l f/p THOMPSON CHEMICAL COMPANY, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI C a itijr% iary , 1 9 6 7 . . J . l/|c.Cay i n i ^ r r ^ C ir.a th a t a J-:r. -- 5 . r c c k l ^ y o f In n ..-ip so. C .so-.lt.Hl < a lljd I c ;v ir.ijcafir~ th a t they b a d h a d a a s c c i h e n t a a a -a < ia f d v.Ath th u m m u l i i t u r f s i t t i < fc'. o r o - p h e c i I , find t h a t i h i y h a d io rr.o 'ru*n K b w h i t th e y th o u g h t vraa c c la ra c r.^ . T hey w o o c o ri'd ii we c o d e a d v ic e then* In re g a rd to m e d i c a l p r s c t l r o . I c s c t a c t u d D r . t i s '.d e r , v/o t h a n t a l i a i i M r . h u c h ie y ftnd C .o e c a o e c w ith h im t.-v\:cicai a s p e c t s o f th e p ro b le m . I t Jo ;u y b r j d a r a l a t d i r ^ i.* c M ~ r . t io id a r t h a i M r . C u c k lo y th u a . o la irt*d t a lh lo j e b o n * th- r h e m l t r y of th is m a t e r ia l, a n d D r . tio ld e r . * * * , *<i th a t be c o n t a c t m e In r e g a r d !* a n y t h in * alcJig th is lin o . ` I; ' /'v--' .- . ``a o r about T cb ru ary 7 M r. Jlucitley ca lle d a n fo t< what wo Itsaw - bout ch lorarn r cauretl by ccrtar* wllh .v o te r ia l asiKscist^d svllh ` _*h m anufacture cJ t/Ichloropber-ol from tetra chlorsb en scr., 1 told him that u td o r C ertain elrcum aLnnroe, width, t did iwt rfsscrlb , ca u stic tasoJuLJ o ils could ccatain co csld eru b le amounts of a - v e r y highly toadc fcubslanx wWcb w s had Identified ao 2 ,3 , 7 , 0 - ' ' t*fracli!orodlbensc<lloais* 1 indicated to him that this malarial was hot oniy ertrrsmsly taalc oystemicaJly, be* t* was also an entromcly * petoti cblaraccogsa.~rria Jeilcastd that Shay bad been dlatilllag soma o ils o r Sara ccrtaialng anlaolsa when the operalloo got out of control, and the c=u*vlal either e x ile d or oplkssad o d a a bot astacLavo* lie thought that ths fum es oad vapors ol iha anlaclra had caused ffaair . dldcullj' Ztold him 1 did act Chlci tiu ncao vaa cacssd by .. _aalaolau, b d rather by ether m tierlala pro aaat ta tU* aidsol. t *.. . -a u s " iju y .1 129930 o <.'i aill J . rm I O U f4i H . r 5 S S 5 | s * 8 S I - - 3 8 2| lai 53 8 c M u s i l i t aH a H <-- ;M .h iW 1., . ><' "3 -% Tal2*J 's.'' ..''!J:!!i,:viN* '! rlr.'itWZ w: a, O c* 1uW 1<*H 3 * * O n s. 5*3 [ a 3 .: Ja; o a 1q: jj ** n. o 2 c a - 3 : / t 3 H * Ot*Oe ro .S . Sud ! 3 sd5)-/] a 2? a O*i " 1f5 0 - a . * O Je S 3a rg3i -i W rn S > M - J. : 3 -s ' Jt s * *a _ ga 5 ;'*' a 4 ?= * i*1o * 5 I V ;t.s .'i ! 3 - i ' - V ; h:i'r > . p j V U i fl :. . :1 ' .. : c i I, U 1*.Z : i;:.. 1. ? f''l!...; ''i; a to ,-i T ' H fc4 " I# 3 ' ! U * - i C *{* 9 o a *; . ls0iba i s i*a s " - <a- j 9 U ' to 1 0 sla c- o : c *"* ^ . :3 .to ' * S 3 3 r c g o J 2 -j- 5fc *> *s1 c* 2il : n 21 a 2 -M --3 g0 3 ?? rV *. ~a.0 ; s J - 8 e l i * 5 8 5 ; S x V 2 ` : O> *f), * 5A fl. J UIl3O * . 0 J s . n r. O Z. *3* *3 J a w to VC. il. 4 . *3. 4 '< OU '1:' C Jk *9i0*# ; 1- C c1 n to-' 3 ** Zt 9n0 a ^ ;:f l ; ('.', i l 1. . :1 i r r ;. jV. O i. ,* :.' 'r ,1 ..:>'>':iH ? w4\ M'Jl.l H. J? V 4N '* ? \ % b. a 0 .>0 -- 2 .1 o "3 i;.* to c* '*9 ' S < f W .1 V ; .'/ 00 I MIDLAND. MICHIGAN July 25, 1967 I I W. J. McCoy Byproducts Solas BPC 'J ec: W. L. Corbin, BPC ..V \ ip-:- -rt % / . o- o K ca za O d oo *0 (3 2,'4,5-T FORMULATIONS I I appreciate very much your nota of 7/17/67 in which you informed me that soma Diamond m aterial has apparently caused aerlous akin prob I ip.- lem s among people applying the m aterial. This goes along with a r. report that recently appeared in the South American literature which states that m aterials of this nature have also bean noted to have I .TV*. fZ caused s V.-J.for your imilar dlfftcultiaa. in fo r m a tio n .''`''-\: -. I am enclosing a copy of this publication -- l- . I fcSi .' It would appear that our predictions of a few years ago are beginning "~:.C . j to come to pass, unfortunately. Frankly, I am mighty glad that we '`/ took the position w e did. &xriy**. . / ... I -i*v"Pleaee continue to keep me informed as best you can. -a . '-*v* . - *-W - Uuac v . - V. K. Rowe Biochemical Research Laboratory 1803 Building 8GG)t>MOn O O 1) Biochemical Research Laboratory The Dow Chemical Company BFFICE COP'; h l o r a c n e PROBLEM AT o h T SASKATCHEWAN PLANT, OW CHEMICAL OF CANADA signed '-c/ . ;T~\ L / - '-''S- - becked Date Date File: T2.1-18-2 Date: 3/21/6? By: L. G. Sllverstein 3 ? 6 *7 o CT* O *>4 Q -O PROBLEM Workmen In Fort Saskatchewan have experienced chloracne. here may be another skin rash problem related to the weed killer peratior, but this has not been diagnosed definitely by a physician. FINDINGS An acnegen was found to be present In some process samples, specifically the Dowlclde G product in the reactor and the Dowlclde G product at the packaging location. In addition, a sample of crude dichlorcoheno1 showed slight to moderate activity, and the caustic insolubles in the G Liquor settling tank showed severe acnegenlc activity in the rabbit test. No acnegenlc activity was found on a series of wipe tests taken In the G and weed killer building. -aboratory' studies on the decomposition cf chlorinated phenols na.e indicated the definite possibility of an acne hazard from overneated cr decomDosed materials. RESTRICTED: for use within The Dow Chemical Company only. \^( 2 CONCLUSIONS There is not enough exposure during normal operations to active materials to explain the degree of chloracne seen in workmen at Fort Saskatchewan. The housekeeping observed and in the wipe samples I collected during my visit in October of 1965_indicated satisfactory housekeeping in the penta and weed killer plant. Unusual exposure from maintenance or clean-out of equipment such as the dryer, or from accidents such as overheating of the dryer may have caused the severity of skin reaction noted in the workmen. Personal cleanliness is of primary importance in avoiding skin problems and minimizing their severity once encountered. The instructions on the second page of tfce operator's manual for yrr Saskatchewan should be followed conscientiously: "Dow wil. Drovlde a comDlete change of clothing for each operator, each day^ This clothing including shoes, hats and gloves must re left in the lockers provided. To assure adequate cleanliness ^nd hygiene, a shower must he t-.^en by each operator prior tc .s leaving the ComDany n-'emiseu at th end of each shift." 'scuss ions during my .'.nit in :etcher, 1 9 ^5 . indicated that pr recure had been r>*la.v.e>: or at least net enforced by * * 3 * suDervision. It is my firm opinion that this is the most important step that management can ta^.e toward improving the situation. ** tir _ A n y ' unusual exposure should require immediate and thorough shower and change of clothes from the skin out to minimize the Drobability of injury. If exposure to airborne fume or dust, for e x a m d e from the dryer during clean-out, is to m be encountered, an air supplied hood shouic be a required item of clothing. . Men should net be allowed to work in the n ^ vicinity of such an unusual exposure unless they too are * protected from inhalation of the airborne material. t i 6 . A clinical definition of the skin rash described by Kasanovich would be very helpful in determining if there is a second i problem on the weed killer side. 7- i Skin condition of the workmen afflicted should be followed clinically in order'to determine 3f progress is being made in eliminating the skin condition. i i i i i l<?3 ^ T2 ^ ^^ " P o w i c i d e b u m p s . c h l o r a r h e . l ~ a s k i n c o n d i t i o n c h a - a c t e r iz e d by b la c k h e a d s and bumos a p-via r i n g on t h e f a c e o f tne in d iv io u a l a f f l i c t e d , som etim es sp re ad brg to o t h e r p a r ts o f the boc" . The c o n c i l i e r has b e e r r e c o g r i te n f o r many y e a r s as an o c c u p a tio n a l h a z a rd i r th e cue t i e r f ^ o v ic id e s , e s o e c ir.- ly D cw icide G (socium re r.ta c h lo r-:-p r.e ra te ; . F o r t .-as.-dite.r e wan l o - - . i c l d e o n. c \t ..r n ia n t has ' o e r i e n c e d a n u u t b r e a * cnJ r:-icne ir: i t s v.w r . - c m e n . tve s t s o n r-p * ? c e s s s a m p l e s f m ? r t S a s k a t c h e w a n a r e s u m m a r i z e d i n T a b l e j . A s e r i e s o f w i r e t e s t s i n t h e - ^ : S a s k a t c h e w a n s l a n t a re su rm arized in T a b le 2 . A l l w ip e s fre e o f a c tiv ity in d ic a t in g th a t a t th e tim e o f th e - u r - e y h o u s e k e e p in g was good. T h e m i l e a c t i v i t y f p r o c e s s a m r r o r j e t samples, a n d the lac k o f the a c t i v i t y in w ip e sa m p le s , u lu s th e p h y s ic a l n a tu re o f t h e m o s t l i k e l y e x p o s u r e : t h a t i s , t h e s o l i d D c w i c i d e G ; make I t d i f f i c u l t to r a t i o n a l i ; : t h e s e v e r i t y <,f t h e e h l o r a c n e i n w o r k m e n a t 7 c r t S a s k a t c h e w a n i f t h e i r e : : r v ' ; u r*e w a s " r o u t i n e , " o h a t i s , t o t h e n o r m a l o r - : r e s : - ; ms t e r *. r-. .1 r ;f the p la n t. norm al o p e ra tio n on th e o t h e r han :, * n. >r . se t o t h e v e a u o t ^ " o . u b i e s i n t h e G l i q u o r T a r . , a r c .>- ! t y o f a n i m a l r e s p o n s e to d eco m p o sitio n p ro d u c ts t f ; r, _r: - l a b o r a to r y stu d y <1 O o I1j e 0 summarize'-- in T a b l e 5 i n d i c a t e t h e p o s s i b i l i t y t h a t r .o n r c u t ir .e expo sures to o v e rn e a te o T o w ic ld e G o r i t s fumes e i t h e r d u r in g m alfu n ctio n c. -he o. . . . . r e s i c u ? i n c l e a n i n g o u t t h e c r y e r , 'or o e rh a o s c l e a n i n g o u t t h e G L iq u o " s e t t l i n g t a n k m a y h a v e b o u g h t o r. bn ^ r e n o u n c e d t h l o r a t n f e . i n t h e p e r s o n s affe c te d . prom th e d e s c - i p t i o n o f h is r a s h t v p e t e r K a s a n o v ic h t h e r e may be a secc r.c s k i n p r o b l e m - e I s t e d to t h e w ee d k i l l e r o p e ra tio n . T h is neecs c l a r i f y i n g by a c l i n i c a l e x a m in a tio n o f - men. A c c o rd in g to p e t e r K a s a n o v ic h th e r a s h a p p e a r s and d ^ a o p e a r s r a t h e r p ro m p tly and Is r e l a t e d tr w o n tin g and b e in g o f f w o r k on w e e k -e n d s . T h i s is n o t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c o f c h l o r a c n e . I t does sound l i k e a ra s h w h ic h o c c u r r e d in M id la n d many y e a r s ago a n d was a s s o c i a t e d w i t h 2 , ^ - T u r o a u c t l o n . '-.'hen a b l e a c h i n g s t e p was added to th e 2 , ^ - D p r o c e s s t o re m o ve ud- r and c o l o r t h e r a s h d is ap D ^ are d a lo n g w ith - im provem ent o f th e o ro d u c t. C a re fu l a t t e n t io n to n o u s e te e o in g and p ers o n a l c le a n lin e s s may e lim in a te t h is p ro b le m . ~* CP ** o ro  f e nbc r J .'ample I'e3e.i l p l k u r , l.M l C r u i i p DC P f r o m r e a c t o r tlamo, 5 0 ^ In CMCl^ ? S V l l l b o tto m s fr o m SI'S S a m e , 5*-> I n C M C l ^ 0%1 1 'e e to r e f f lu e n t from bottom not . : . e , *3 I n C M 0 1 -j ' l l l c d s t i l l bottom s from V-So . r.'X~ i n C H C 1 ? i ' l n.! ; : c c l i l c h l r " t a n !' .1 f in e s , `v \ i I n r i n . ^ T ` a bea'lo S.a: .1 , -,Dt> i n r i l C l ^ Ponte N -IO S from r e a c to r flame , 5 0 *; I n C IlC l- j D o w y t o G b a t c h 10*1 Sam e, in CU Cl^ U n o lle d p enta from f l a k e r (B ^iO S ) Same, 50 5C In C H G U <\ n 1 rna 1 P e n n n n s e s Fo l l l c u l l t l s P.UPI) None S 1 -Mo'J Hone None None None None None None None Non'-' 11 ne S 1 - M - r! S I li'ht None S ) 1 p.h t S I ip h t Si ip h t S ! 1r l i t S. 1 i , h t None SI l? h t Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Ye s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes -Q 6s <:r Appi. i 3 li 15 17 3 a 2 i i a 3 a H a 2 1 O 2 10 3 Iin 7 ! inosn:-e 2'i 11 3o 2a 2a Vd 38 33 38 33 ?'l *3 -, 11 ,n 1 ?a ia r 1' r. 2: 1 UR TCUl^/p.m VPC Analysis <1 <1 <1 ^1 1* 1< ' i 8 13 Uy Vested lOO* (IV 100 da', I/O 100^ da' 5/t'j 1 0 0 da1 / 100t; d.v 'A" da' 1'jOf dl* /' lOO' da ! ') /e. loot! da' 1 0 ( y rial (' loot, d ii * Tab's c-'o"' 5A3KATCrxr"vAJi V ' " " . r . I I* . ,E r ."T r .Ii, K ;ent a c ` de ar.c G c n t r c l ~ o ic ite ' hags-' ' - - handler. "cv/ic i c e -.1 b a g f - t s - - n a n c i e s . ^ c - r to a rer.c - -5e - - na n : yj ^. - . H a n d r a i l to sec--n*.- f - . j - r . r. . n t h s-l.x-r - - c a r a : ' w* anr-. ;. T1*.*Q_v^ . si,-,* r*.*Q*^* rw.. tv. re.n :: \- G c l a s s i f i e r n l n t f r s n i c e r - - c e n t e r : f f ; r s r f 1. ' l *7, Vs 1v-as nea r oner.a - tan-: . - h a . :0. pine r e a r lar, v ' n g , n. 'th 1 Latch o f pen ta re ac t o r vlrwa oc sat Handles o f f l e . b e r O o " r c . Coe r a t e r ' s he so - - p e r t ^ re a c t e r u . T rier - - handles. 1510 ' *7# ic Too r tc C ' r . t r c i re-; m from r e n t a Benchtcps in c o n t r e 41 .WU.^i. . CDeratc-r' s : e : v and c l in board s. T o o l s ir. d r a w e r -- c e n t r e ! --j o t.. l o . V a l v e h a n d l e s i n G ' eactov" d are --\*> G r e a c t c " - - h a n d l e s , second f l . lei:n.T 11 Ice vTM*** =>r .-.rid f l r i . r . V ,^ n* # ^ -cm. ,*.**/*I?S* C'''*^rt"* o ^ ::c . 'eed K.' 11 e r T i c e _i S t a i r t r e a d - - - f i r s t f l i x : r e . i r p ; p-> oed w i t h t a r ) . H a n d r a il, f i r s t to-.second l e v e l . ?3 V a l v e s a n d h a n d l e s o n R - d O ^ , s e c o n d 1. o r . ?n S a m e l e h e - , d , s e c o n d f l o o r - - f - o r . r . 1 ' a r i d v a l v e h a n d l e r , V a l v e h a n d l e s o n V-tT.'A e v a n o r a t o r , t h level. Io I <1 CP O O -j u r a t o r y s"urr able 3- c h l o h c ? h ?:k o : ^ "X THKRMA L FF S dMFFS ITION OF amo le umber S e m o le F e s e r i o r Io n .Sodium. 2 , i i- d i c h l o r o p h e n a t e r e s i d u ? o "odium 2 ,^ - c ic h lo r o p h e n a t e fume condensare *3 S o d i u m o - e h l o r o o n e r a t e . f u m e c o n d e n s a te P o w ic id e ? fume co n d en so re F o w ic id e G fume c o n d e n s a re Xu. AdoI . / V o . Fays 10/19 R a b b it Response Moderate 13 /2 2 S I-M cc r-i CVi 7 /1 1 1 - '? ! S I-M od S P y p * Severe o 1 8 d. lu 11 Sodium 2 , ^ - - d ic h lo r c n h e n a t e c o n z n . 1 Sodium 2 / - d i c h l o r c o h e n a t e he Id 7 hours a t 150C Sodium 2 , ^ - d ic h lu r o o h e n a t e he id 7 hours a t 170C D ow icioe G c o n tr o l D c w i c id e G h e l d 7 h o u r s a t 1 7 0 C D o w icid e G re s id u e fro m o v e rh e a te d s a m p l e f r o m 2 o 5 F u i l d i n g , b e lev .1 g ra te in f l u i d bed d ry e " ' ' /22 1d /? 7 -/ll 1:5/22 n /i None None S lig h t None S lig h t 12 /13 M oderate svr *Se^' ^3 C5 * O cn /W DISTRIBUTION OF REPORTED ADVERSE EFFECTS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE OF FIELD WORKERS AND APPLICATORS TO 2,4-D FORMULATIONS Source Year of Episode No. of Cases GOLDSTEIN ET AL (31) 1955 3 MONARCA & 01 VITO (55) 1960 1 TODD (80) 1960 1 BERKLEY & MAGEE (11) 1961 1 TSAPKO (81) 1966 GROUP WALLIS ET AL (87) 1966 1 PAGGIARO ET AL (58) 1972 1 5 7 iC PURE PHEN. HERBICIDES HUMAN EXPOSURES TO PHENOXY HERBICIDES, CHLORINATED PHENATE & T.C.D.C. COMPOUNDS PHEN.HERB. WITH TRACE T.C.D.D. <0.1 ppm PHEN. HERBICIDES WITH HIGH T.C.D.D. 1-30 ppm ACCIDENTAL EXPO. HIGH T.C.D.D. WITH TCP (NO PHEN.HERB.) INFREQUENT REPETITIVE EXPOSURE EXPOSURE INFREQUENT EXPOSURE PURE T.C.D.D. RURAL INDUSTRIAL RESIDENTS WORKERS VIETNAM (PRIMARILY NATIVE) SEVESO NONE 2-3,000 FIELD APPLI CATORS 1,000 UNKNOWN 3,000+ (200 CHLORACNE) INDUSTRIAL (1950-1978) ** MOST APPROPRIATE POPULATION FOR PHENOXY HERBICIDE STUDY 1,500 (800 CHLORACNE) MOST APPROPRIATE POPULATION FOR T.C.D.D. STUDY 09i;2^ryv\pa 00 SEVESO NEW INFORMATION RELATING TO TCDD /T CP HUMAN EXPOSURES Fetal Wastage I mmunology No Sig nific ant Effect No Change in I mmunoglobulins or T & B Lymphocytes Tuchmann-Duplessis Reggiani Pocchiari Cytogenetics Cancer No Damage to Peripheral Lymphocytes Parliament Com- Normal Fetal Tissue / Maternal Blood mission i Reggiani No Data As Yet o REPORTED ADVERSE EFFECTS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE OF FIELD WORKERS AND APPLICATORS TO 2,4-D ____________FORMULATIONS_________ CNS IRRITATION CNS DEPRESSION OR DYSFUNCTION PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY HEMATOPOIETIC DEPRESSION MYOPATHY GASTROINTESTINAL IRRITATION NEPHROPATHY CARDIOPATHY ASTHENIA DERMATITIS [ I DOCUMENTED HUMAN HEALTH EXPERIENCE PHENOXY HERBICIDES NO EFFECT ( 2 > D ) LETHAL EFFECT (2,A-D) 0.5 g/DAY X 21 2.0 g SIN6LE DOSE >80 mg/Kg >2000 mg/Kg ASSOULY, 1951 SEABURY, 1962 NIELSON ET AL, 1965 DUDLEY & THAPAR, 1972 0 ? DOCUMENTED HUMAN HEALTH EXPERIENCE - PHENOXY HERBICIDES MORBIDITY MORTALITY FINLAND SWEDEN FINLAND REPRODUCT IV E - TERATOGEN ICITY AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND RIIHIMAKI (1978) AXELSON (1977) HARDELL (1977) RIIHIMAKI (1978) 't SYMPTOMS (NEUROLOGICAL) EEG FINDINGS - POOR STUDY SLIGHTS CA ? CONFOUND. AMITROL. CASE REPORTS ? t MESENCHYME TUMOURS NO t MORTALITY GOVT. REPORT (1978) GOVT. REPORT (1978) NEGATIVE NEGATIVE I ' ^ z 'To A ^ O C I INCREASING DOSE LEVEL DOCUMENTED / ANECDOTAL HUMAN HEALTH EXPERIENCE TCDD / TCP MULTIPLE INDUSTRIAL OVEREXPOSURES AND ACCIDENTS 1950 - 1978 GENERAL SYSTEMIC TOXIN ONSET: RECOVERY: DISEASE 1 - 6 WEEKS 6 MOS. - MULTI-YEAR SKIN - CHLORACNE - HALLMARK [EURO / PSYCHIATRIC FATIGUE - DEPRESSION - ASTHENIA PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY NEURO MUSCULAR METABOLISM - CHOLESTEROL - ABNORMAL ENZYMES LIVER HEMATOLOGIC PANCREAS - KIDNEY V CARDIO VASCULAR PULMONARY DEATH V Cl 90t> CT fo LT '8 f : ONSET OF DISEASE - ONSET OF EFFECTS BELAYED 1-8 WEEKS NO REPORTER 'ACUTE' CASES t Y r I t i V_______ _____________ _ 5 o fe BVBKMiiPHPilRPiP smura tii Aiioaxoi aaoi DURA!10ft OF DISEASE ALL WLI TO OPERATE EXPOSURES HAVE RECOVERED FRO ALL SIMS OR SYPPTOHS IN 1-2 YEARS POST EXPOSURE HUMAN LEVEL OF EFFECT UNKNOWN- - CAN ONLY EXTRAPOLATE FROM ANIMAL DATA MECHANISM OF ACTIONUNKNOWN m a m i E cases mammy soo - ao cases world-hide since bao'$ I * ! ...........i .sati I I I I I I I I I I I I 9 r & ifr: i. m y m m s n -*"T ' * - . f . IS ? -- 2. NttUKRK 6ft EMLY WARNING OF OVER-EXPOSURE -- CHJORACNE 3. m SIGNS OR SMFICRS DOCUCHTED IN ABSENCE OF OUMCNE k. JNUI-0KGM H U CITY 5. ACWW DEUNE BBI USUALLY COVIEIE V an ALLEGATIONS WBm 'EflWIQGEI m - SHES0 DATA n m w i m & ei FMEABLTKT ____ 1 E30EMKM ... GENEfi!L EiPEftlENCE DOES NOT INDICATE * IW E SU SIES AEEBED l \ i I HUM! CARCINOGEN | UNKNOWN | * AT BEST ONLY A WEAK CARCINOGEN 800 CASES WORLD-WIDE HAVE HAD OVER-EXPOSURE - , NAVE NOT SHOWN ANY OBVIOUS CA EPIDEMIC 1 MORE STUDIES NEEDED 1 I 1^ death MULTIPLE ORGAN TOXICITY METABOLIC t ENZYME ALTERATION CARDIAC EFFECTS UElOfT LOSS LIVER fWCTH! Q m E S NEUR0L06ICAL CHANGES FATIGUE - NEURALGIAS CHLORACNE NO EFFECT \- - .. k i I t * ..... - * * i it r a Dow Canada BflCHQFDUfDER Dow Chemical Canada Inc. P.O. Box 1012. Sarnia. Ont. N 7T 7K 7 ^ June 30, 1982 D a le .-------------------- ------------------------------------1---------- Release no.---------1-5--5- Contans Don Stephenson siq--UQ-v>qQ Wayne Wolskl sib-rso-v^ r.nnlfibutnrs Dr. Richard Wilson. Harvard Tlnlv. ____ (as reported in Weed Science Socle _____of America "Newsletter" October 1 THE RISK IK SPRAYING 2 , 4 , 5 - T HERBICIDE Environmental activist groups hav- been demanding the ban of 2 , 4 , 5 - T on the premise that it increases the risk of developing tumors. Dr. Richard Wilson, a Harvard scientist, disputes the 2,4,5-T and tumors theory however, he recently calculated the riaks aa.ociated with spraying 2,4,5-T and found that if a person worked at applying 2,4,5-T with a backpack sprayer for 5 days a week 4 months a year for 30 years his/her chances of developing a tumor would be 0.4 per million. Those conditions would represent a probable exposure level far greater than the general populace, even if they lived in a spray zone. In comparison, other risks associated with developing a tumor are: Chances Per Million Sunbathing 5,000.0 Smoking cigarettes 1,200.0 Being in a room with a smoker 10.0 Drinking one can of diet soda with saccharln/day 10.0 Drinking milk with aflatoxin or eating four tablespoons of peanut butter/day 10.0 Drinking one can of beer/day 10.0 Eating 1/4 lb. charcoal broiled steak/veek 0.4 - 30 - aiV DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC. Modeland Road. P.O. Box 1012. Sarnia. Ontario. N7T7K7 August 19 1982 Mr. T. S. Thompson, Ph.D. Public Affairs Manager New Brunswick Electric Power Commission 527 King Street Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4X1 Dear Mr. Thompson: The attached letter and documents pertaining to the safety of phenoxy herbicides were sent yesterday to the enclosed list of Atlantic Provinces daily and weekly newspaper editors as well as twomagazines covering the region. No broadcast media were covered because the complexity of the information does not lend itself to 60-second explanations. The letter of transmittal is self-explanatory. The point is that there is a great deal of scientific evidence attesting to the safety of these products and there is no substance to alarmist claims. Please feel free to use the information enclosed in any appropriate manner. Extra copies of any item are available by calling my office in Sarnia (519-339-3131), our agricultural chemicals sales representative in our Halifax sales office (902-429-5623), or write to either location. We hope our initiative will lead to morebalanced news coverage safety issue and result in a better informed public. of the Yours very truly, Harold W. Major Manager, Government Relations Agricultural Chemicals DOW CHEMICAL CANADA INC. Modeland Road, P.O.Box 1012, Sarnia, Ontario, N7T 7K7 August 1 8 1 1982 News Editor The Daily News 446 Main Highway Halifax, N.S. B4C 2S9 Dear Sir: Recently the phenoxy herbicides 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T have been "in the news" in the Atlantic Provinces because of allegations that their use for brush and weed control in forestry and on right-of-ways involves significant risk, to human health and the environment. These pressures have resulted in some suspensions of proposed herbicide applications until "further study" can be undertaken, particularly in Nova Scotia. That has unfortunately strengthened some people's belief that the risk may indeed be real. In view of the current controversy, we thought you might like to have information which summarizes what the world's scientific community knows about the health and environmental impact of these two herbicides. We also thought you might be interested in knowing the relative risk that these compounds pose versus other risks people readily accept. In actual fact, so much is known about the effect of these two herbicides after more than thirty years of research and use that it is reasonable to say they pose thousands of times less risk to human health than sunbathing, for example 1 The herbicide most recently in question is Esteron*3-3E, a Dow product which, in its concentrated form before dilution for use, is 42 percent 2,4-D, 40 percent 2,4,5-T, a small - amount of an emulsifier, and the rest light furnace oil. This concentrate is diluted for actual spraying at ground level by mixing it with about 140 times its volume of water. This is a low volatile formulation which minimizes evaporation and drift. It isn't necessary for you to read all the Information enclosed (just skim the summaries and conclusions sections) to gain an insight into the huge body of data that exists on the effects of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T. Moreover, government-approved application rates embody an additional hundred-fold safety factor. Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (more...) <3 Me August 18 1982 Page 2 If I can help you understand and interpret all this science for your r e a d e r s , please give me a call collect ( 5 1 9 - 3 3 9 - 3 5 9 9 ) in S a r n i a . Yours very truly, Director of Corporate Communications /kan Enclosures: (1 ) "The Risk In Spraying 2,4,5-T Herbicide" - Dr. Richard Wilson, Harvard University, as reported in Weed Science Society of America newsletter, October '81. Dow Canada Backgrounder #155, June *82. (2) "A Summary Of Pertinent 2,4-D Facts" - Backgrounder #159, Dow Canada, July '82 (supported by a bibliography of 134 literature references). (3) "The Phenoxy Herbicides, Second Edition'* - Published by the Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, August '78 (Note Summary on pg. 1, para's. 4 & 5 ) . (Cites over 190 literature references). (4) "What 56 World-Renowned Scientists From Eight Nations Say About The Safety Of The Herbicide 2,4,5-T" - Backgrounder #160, Dow Canada, July *82 (based on the results of the June *79 three-day Dispute Resolution Conference On 2,4,5-T, Arlington, Virginia. Journalists can obtain a copy of the complete 102-page report from Dow Canada). (5) "The Safety Of The Herbicides 2,4-D And 2,4,5-T" - Forestry Commission Bulletin #57, United Kingdom, 1977; by D.J. Turner, B.Sc., Ph.D. et al, (Cites 242 literature references). (Note Summary on pg.4 and conclusions on pg 39-41). (6) "On the Matter of Dioxins In Our Environment" - Backgrounder #131, Dow Canada, December 1980 U r/ OBECO inst&Yo u n g *A V - RESULTS FOR ALL CAUSES OF DEATH / oo Results of the analyses for all causes of death combined (i.e. total m ortality) are set out below, for the total cohort, and for two sub-groups of the total cohort, namely those with year first sprayed of 1959 or later and those with year first sprayed of 1958 or earlier. These two sub-groups were selected since th ere is evidence which suggests th a t diesel oil and used tran sfo rm er oil was routinely mixed with the herbicide in 1959 and later years. If this is the case, these two sub groups would have been exposed to a different range and mix of toxic agents. Total Cohort The SMR for the total cohort, for all durations since first exposure to the herbicide, is 154 (Cl 126 to 188), based on 98 actual deaths versus 63.55 expected. The corresponding results broken down by durations since first exposure to the herbicide are set out in Table 1 below. a \i> -OBECO / Er n s t & Yo u n g 23 TABLE 1 ACTUAL AND EXPECTED DEATHS, FOR TOTAL COHORT, BY DURATION SINCE FIRST EXPOSURE Duration fVpars) 0- 4 5- 9 10-14 15- 19 20-24 25 - 29 Heaths Actual Expected 6 4.47 8 5.95 12 7.91 14 9.95 19 11.09 25 10.32 SMR 134% 134% 152% 141% 171% 242% Cl 49% - 292% 58% - 264% 79% - 266% 77% - 237% 103% - 267% 157% - 358% 0-9 10- 19 20-29 14 26 44 10.42 17.86 21.41 134% 146% 206% 73% - 225% 95% - 215% 150% - 277% 30 and over 25 and over 20 and over 15 and over All durations 14 39 58 72 98 13.86 24.18 35.27 45.22 63.55 101% 161% 164% 159% 154% 55% - 170% 114% - 220% 125% - 214% 125% - 201% 126% - 188% Therefore, for the total cohort, statistically significant excess m ortality is observed for all causes of d eath for all d urations combined (SMR = 154, C l 126 to 188), for durations 20 to 24 years (SMR = 171, C l 103 to 267), 25 to 29 years (SMR = 242, C l 157 to 385), 20 to 29 years (SMR = 206, C l 150 to 277), 15 years and over (SMR = 159, C l 125 to 201), 20 y ears and over (SMR = 164, C l 125 to 214) and 25 years and over (SMR = 161, C l 114 to 220).  California Office 1333 North California B in dS u ite540 W alnut Creek, CA 94596-4521 (510) 746-8746 Fax (510) 7468799 Sm o g e r & A ssociates A Professional Corporation Attorneys at Law Texas Office 14800 Quorum Dr,Suite 550 Dallas, TX 752406745 (214)9808020 Fax (214) 9808118 March 10, 1994 Paul Merrell, Esq. 7493 East Five Rivers Road Tidewater, OR 97390 Re: Moyer v. Dow Dear Paul: Enclosed for your information find copies of miscellaneous documents regarding the above case. Should you have any questions or comments regarding any of the enclosed, please advise. Very truly yours SMOGER & ASSOCIATES G H S :ph Enc. By DEPONENT/PLACE Kenny Crump, Ph.D. Ruston, LA Dow Representatives (4) Midland, MI Andrew Watson Bay City MI Herbert Nigg, Ph.D. Orlando, FL Benjamin Holder Punta Gorda, FL John Doull, Ph.D. Kansas City, DATE/TIME 01/26/94 at 8:00 a.m. 03/09/94 beginning at 9:00 a.m. 03/09/94 9:00 a.m. 03/14/94 9:00 a.m. 03/16/94 9:00 a.m. 03/22/94 at 9:00 a.m. STILL TO BE SET Harold Gill Marguerite Leng Donald McCollister UPCOMING HEARING 03/14/94 1:30 p.xn. Plaintiff's Motion for Additional Relief & Motion to Compel Dow's Compliance with Court Order dated 03/19/91 and Defendant's Motion for Reconsideration of Order Compelling Discovery and Motion to Intervene and Protective Order before Judge Hauser, set by Dow MOYER V. DOW 836.1 RDS INDEX OF FILE As of February 9, 1994 PLEADINGS A-l Vol. 1 (01/05/89 06/21/89) A-2 Vol. 2 (06/22/89 - 07/24/89) A - 3 Vol. 3 (08/29/89 - 01/03/90) A- 4 Vol. 4 (01/22/90 - 03/23/90) A- 5 Vol* 5 (04/17/90 - 07/05/90) A - 6 voi: 6 (08/03/90 - 04/18/91) A-7 Voi: 7 (04/18/91 - 05/30/91) A- 8 Vol. 8 (05/30/91 -- 10/15/91) A-9 Vol. 9 (10/18/91 - 03/26/92) A-10 Vol. 10 (05/01/92 - 11/30/92) A-ll Vol. 1 1 (12/01/92 - 02/25/93) A-12 Vol. 12 (03/01/93 A-13 SPECIAL PLEADING !SECTION A. Dow's Renewed M/Compel Bob Moyer's statements B. Dow's Pet. for Writ of Common Law Cert. (Bob Moyer's Statements) C. Moyer's Appeal of SJ for Occidental MEMOS B-l Main Memo File B-2 Info re Helena B-3 Info re Pennwalt CORRESPONDENCE C-l Vol. C-2 Vol. C-3 Vol. C-4 Vol. C-5 Vol. C- 6 Vol. C-7 Vol. C- 8 Vol. C-9 Vol. C-10 Vol. C-ll Vol. C-12 Vol. C--13 Vol. 1 (1 1 /2 1 / 8 8 - 12/21/89) 2 (1/2/90 - 3/28/91) 3 (03/29/91 - 09/30/91) 4 (10/01/91 -01/21/92) 5 (01/22/92 - 03/31/92) 6 (04/01/92 - 08/31/92) 7 (09/01/92 - 10/31/92) 8 (11/01/92 - 01/31/93) 9 (02/01/93 - 02/28/93) 10 (03/01/93 - 03/23/93) 1 1 (03/24/93 - 06/30/93) 1 2 (07/01/93 - 01/31/94) 13 02/01/94 -1- DEPOSITIONS/STATEMENTS (see "P" for Practice & Video Depos) D-l A D-l B D-2 A D-2 B D-2 C P-2 D D-2 E D-2 F D-3 D-4 A D-4 B D-5 D-6 D-7 D-8 D-9 D-10 D-ll D-12 D-13 D-14 D-15 D-16 D-17 D-18 D-19 D-20 D-21 D-22 D-23 D-24 D-25 D-26 D-27 D-28 D-29 D-30 Statement of Robert Moyer (3/20/89) Statement of Robert Moyer (4/29/89) Robert Moyer (2/13/90) Vol. I Robert Moyer (2/13/90) Vol. II Robert Moyer (2/14/90) Vol. Ill Robert Moyer (2/14/90) Vol. IV Exhibits to Deposition Robert Moyer - Video Deposition (9/6&7/90)(copy) Ken Swanson Keshav Setaram (2/27/89) Exhibits to Deposition Nick Sassick (3/22/89) G.K. Carpenter (3/22/89) Recorded Conference Call Among RDS, Dr. Epstein, Dr. Ellenbecker and Dr. Clapp (11/21/90) Recorded Meeting of RDS, Robert Moyer, Dana Kinney and Ken Swanson (11/3/90) Dana Kinney Telephone conference w/Bob Moyer 4/91 Telephone conference w/Dr. Samuel Epstein Statement of Bob Vincent Videotaped Deposition of Robert Moyer (7/31/91) Questions for Bob Moyer for Deposition Andy Price TCF between Heidi Garwood & Dana Kinney VACANT VACANT Bobby Joe Pace - Helena Chemical Co. Rep. John Endicott Dr. G. L. Eilrich with exhibits F. O. Hicks Larry Silverstein Dr. Karl Krumel VACANT Leon Humphrey Statement (P&S Witness) Willis Walker Statment (P&S Witness) VACANT Suzanne & George Moletz Statement (P&S Witness) Bob Num Statement (P&S Witness) EXPERTS E-l Samuel Epstein, M.D. E-2 Daniel Teitelbaum, M.D., P.C. E-2 (A) Time Diaries (B) Agent drange Package from Dr. T. E-3 Lennart Hardell, M.D. Deposition of Dr. Hardell Mover v. Dow Deposition of Dr. Hardell in HERR v . CAROLINA LOG BUILDING'S. INC, of 5/7 & 8/90 Exhibits to Hardell's depo. of. 5/7 & 8/90 Deposition & exhibits of Dr. Hardell in PERKINS v. NORTHEASTERN LOG HOMES. INC. E-4 Dr. Richard Clapp E-5 Possible Additional Experts E- 6 Dr. Michael Ellenbecker E-7 Larry A. Platt, Ph.D. ^-8 Bernard F. Pettingill, Ph.D. E-9 Julian Coggin, M.D. E-10 Linda Jennings E-ll William C. Hinds, Prof. Environmental Health Sciences E-12 David; L. Eaton (includes depos from other cases) (exhibits to Eaton depo in 3rd cabinet by RFB) E-13 Dr. 'Alan Smith E-14 Herbert Nigg, Ph.D. E-15 Kenny S. Crump E-16 Annette M. Shipp E-17 Carl O. Schulz (with publications from V. A.) E-18 Leonard Chiazze, Jr. E-19 Trial Consultants, Inc. (TCI) E-20 Dr. V. K. Rowe (includes depos from other cases) E-21 Susan M. Daum, M. D. (Environmental & Occupational Medicine) E-22 William O. Russell, M. D. E-23 Ellen Silbergeld, Ph.D. E-24 Jay Burke E-25 Pro-Forma Subpoena Duces Tecum for Expert Witnesses E-26 John Doull, Ph.D. F FINANCIAL INFORMATION RE CLIENT F-l Income Tax Returns F-2 Medical Expenses F-3 Structured Settlement Proposals F-4 Pre-Bill F-5 Settlement documents re: Atochem & Asgrow F--6 Settlement documents re: Woodbury F-7 Settlement documents re: Chevron F--8 Settlement documents re: Pennwalt & Asgrow G BACKGROUND INFORMATION/OTHER FROM CLIENT (see "K" for Employment Records) G-l Client Authorization Forms G-2 Histories Compiled by Robert Moyer G-3 Birth and Marriage Certificates G-4 Grandparent^ Death Certificates G-5 Miscellaneous from Client -3- G- 6 Power(s) of Attorney G-7 Last Will & Testament G- 8 Estate of Robert William Moyer, II G-9 Death Certificate of Robert Moyer G-10 Kim Moyer, (letters from client, etc.) G-ll Medical Bills and Insurance information from Kim Moyer (11/11/93) HOSPITAL/MEDICAL RECORDS 1^-1 Richard R. Andrews, D.D.S. H-2 Walter Cerrato, M.D. H-3 Florida Technological University Health Service H-4 Geisinger Medical Center H-5 James C. Giebink, M.D. H- 6 Kenneth S. Graff, M.D. H-7 Jess Parish Memorial Hospital H- 8 Frederick Kadushin, Ph.D. H-9 Richard M. Levine, M.D. H-10 Medical Toxicology Partnership H-ll Jose Ortiz, M.D. H-12 John G. Penn, M.D. H-13 Larry A. Platt, Ph.D. H-14 Radiation Therapy Centers of Brevard, Inc. H-15 Radiation Therapy Centers of Brevard, Inc. H-16 Dr. Rojas/Dr. Ortez H-17 Shands Hospital H-18 James N. Spivey, M.D. H-19 D.S. Springfield, M.D. H-20 Ben Storey, M.D. H-21 Fred H. Widerman, D.D.S. H-22 M.D. Anderson Hospital H-23 Stephen Mamus, M.D. H-24 Sunshine Physical Therapy of Brevard, Inc. (Shirley Bratton, P.T.) H-25 Craig P. Jones H-26 Orlando Regional Medical Center H-27 Triangle Laboratories H-28 Aetna Life Insurance - Aetna/Prudential Med. Payments H-29 Visting Nurse Association H-30 Client's Medical Files INVESTIGATION 1-1 Investigation 1-2 Investigation by Vincent Ins. A d j . 1-3 Skinner Investigation JURY INSTRUCTIONS J-l Proposed Jury Instructions K EMPLOYMENT RECORDS K-l FPL records of Robert Moyer K-2 Orange County records of Robert Moyer K-3 Orange County records of Kenneth Swanson K-4 Orange County records of Dana Kinney L LEGAL RESEARCH/LITIGATION ARTICLES ijj-1 Causation Ii-2 Prejudgment Interest L-3 Dow - Protective Orders L-4 Motion to Dismiss and Motion to Transfer L-5 Miscellaneous L-6 Work Product L-7 Info re Publications Etc re Toxic Tort/Prod Liab Litig L- 8 Articles re Defense of Toxic Tort/Prod Liab Litig L-9 Memos of Law for 8/31/89 Hearing L-10 Articles re Toxic Tort/Prod Liab Litig L-ll AFTL "Secrets of the Tort Masters" L-12 Health Effects Assoc. w/Exposure to Herbicides (Ag. Org. Sci. Task Force Review of Sci. Literature) 4/90 L-13 Articles re 2-4D from Law Firm that had 2-4D Case L-14 Product Liability Statute of Repose L-15 Product Liability Statute of Limitations L-16 Relation Back Doctrine, Adding a new party to an existing CIA L-17 Toxic Tort - Tactics L-18 Articles on Real Limits of Expert Testimony L-19 Punitive Damage L-20 General Summary Judgmt. Rules and Cases L-21 Federal Preemption Cases (FIFRA) Cited by 3d DCA L-22 FIFRA & Fed. Cases No Preemption Found L-23 Failure to Warn Issue Old Cases L-23a Failure to Warn Current Cases L-24 Notebook 1 - Motions in Response to Pifs' 4th Amd. Complaint L-25 Notebook 2 - FIFRA & Related Federal Statutes L--26 United States Environmental Protection Agency L-27 Motions for Recusal L-28 Statute of Repose L-29 Survival Tactics L--30 Cippolone v Liggett Group, Inc., 60 U.S.L.W. 4703, 06/24/92 L-31 Sixth Amended Complaint L-32 Fed. Presumption/Failure to Warn L-33 Outdated Research -5- L-34 FIFRA Preemption Recent Cases L-35 Production of Documents (Young v. Santos), etc. L-36 FIFRA AS AMENDED L-37 Admissible Scientific Evidence L-38 "Claim It Yourself" Michele Saadi (book in library) L-39 Papas v. Upjohn Co. L-40 Amended Statement of Claim (Fraud) filed in Canada L-41 Junk Science Argument M MEDICAL/CHEMICAL RESEARCH & ARTICLES (see "E" for articles rec'd from and/or written by Experts) M-l General Information on Cancer M-2 "Perspectives on the Safety of 2-4D" by CAST M-3 TV Transcripts M-4 Newspaper articles re chemicals and cancer M-5 Databases re chemical research M -6 Information obtained from databases M-7 Research on epithelioid sarcoma M - 8 Herbicides & their link to cancer; Soft Tissue Sarcoma M-9 Herbicides & their link to cancer; 2-4D M-10 Herbicides & their link to cancer; Agent Orange M-ll Herbicides & their link to cancer; mise, chemicals M-12 Herbicides & their chemical components M-13 EPA studies on chemicals (mise, articles): A. Chapter 1 -Disposition & Pharmacokinetics (2,3,7,8-T - TCDD); B. Chapter 2 - Mechanisms of Toxic Actions (same as A. ) C. Chapter 3 - Acute, Subchronic & Chronic Toxicity (same as A.) D. Chapter 4 - Immunotoxic Effects (same as A.) E. Chapter b - Reproductive & Developmental Toxicity (same as A.) F. Chapter 6 - Carcinogenicity of TCDD in Animals (same as A . ) G. Chapter 7 - Epidemiology/Human Data (same as A.) H. Chapter 8 - Dose-Response Relationships (same as A. ) I. Estimating Exposure to Dioxin-Like Compounds J. EPA's Scientific Reassessment of Dioxin M-14 Guide for Registration of Pesticides containing Bendiocarb (pub. by EPA) M-15 Transcript/Hearings on Effects of 2,4,5,-T on Man & Environment M-l6 Book/Soft Tissue Sarcomas in Adults & Children 6- - 2X1 M-17 Book/Procedures to Estimate Risks from Exposure to Mixtures of Dibenzo-p-dioxins & Dibenzofurans M-18 Book/Weed Science Principles' & Practices M-19 Book/Getting Well Again M --20 Executive Summary re Chemical Sensitivity (Rpt. comm. / by New Jersey Dept, of Hlth.) M-21 Locations of Major Producers of Chlorophenols and Their Derivatives M-22 Pesticide Exposure and the Role of the Physician M-23 Diquat Research 1(1-24 Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Exposure to Phenoxyherbicides, Chlorophenols, Fencing Work, and Meat Works Employment: a Case-Control Study M-25 A Case Control Study of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma and the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) in Eastern Nebraska (Zahm) M-26 A Case Control Study of Soft-Tissue Sarcoma M-27 A Case-Referent Study of Soft-Tissue Sarcoma and Hodgkin's Disease M-28 Odor vs. Exposure: Does Smell Indicate Harm? M-29 Endothal Articles M-30 NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 40 (2,3,7,8 Tetrachlorodibenzo-p - dioxin (TCDD, "dioxin") M-31 Chemical Research (2,4,5-T - TCDD) (Cancer Mortality Among Workers in Chemical Plant Contaminated with Dioxin) M-32 Cancer Mortality in Workers Exposed to 2,3,7,8- Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin M-33 NIOSH Publications Catalog M-34 Pesticide Exposure Article listing furnished by Edward N. Willey, M. D. M-35 Toxic Peripheral Neuropathy Article listing furnished by Edward N. Willey, M. D. M-36 Dioxin articles M-37 Use of Hair Coloring Products & the Risk of Lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma & Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. American Journal of Public Health, helia Hoar Zahm, ScD. M-38 American Journal of Public Health - July 1992 (Public Health Policy; Environment/Occupational Health) M-39 "Risks to Human Health Associated with Exposure to Pesticides at the Time of Application & the Role of the Courts", Brett & Potter. M-40 Toxicology - General M-42 Environmental Illness M-43 Environmental & Chemical Overexposure M-44 Occupation-Induced Posttraumatic Stress Disorders M-45 Agent Orange - Review of Scientific Literature M --46 Cancer Mortality in Workers Exposed to Chlorophenoxy Herbicides and Chlorophenois M-47 Book/Of Acceptable Risk, William W. Lowrance M-48 Ground Applications of Forestry Herbicides, USDA Forest Service -7- 225 M-49 D e f e n d a n t s Analysis of Chemicals Used in 1976 & 1977 (exhibits to Eaton's depo) M-50 Lies & Contempt: Dioxin & Agent Orange by Liane Clorfene Casten (from Zumwalt) unpublished & unfinished book M-51 Cancer Mortality Study (01/91) Fingerhut M-52 Herbicides and Cancer (Morrison, Wilkins, Semenciw, Mao & Wigle; Journal of the National Cancer Institute - (This is a key article). ,M-53 Report to the Secretary of the Dept, of Veterans Affairs on the Assoc. Between Adverse Health Effects and Exposure to Agent Orange, by Special Asst. Admiral E. R. Zumwalt, Jr., 05/05/90 M --54 Veterans & Agent Orange - Health Effects of Herbicides Used in Vietnam by Institute of Medicine 1993 M-55 E P A .r Prog, to Reassess Pesticide Risks M-56 Disase Diagram M-57 Genral Risk Assessment M-58 Pesticides - General ATTORNEYS NOTES AND DRAFTS N-l Attorneys Notes and Drafts N-2 Draft of Resp/RTP from Woodbury (6/12/89) N--3 Rough Drafts of Answers to Interrogatories OTHER CASES (ENTIRE "O" SECTION IN 3RD CABINET BY RFB) 0-1 Greenhill v. Dow 0-1 A Greenhill's RTP to Dow 0-1 B Dow's Interrogatories 0-1 C Transcripts 0-2 Davis v. Dow 0-3 Shoecraft v. D o w . Case No. CIV 74-662-PHX CAM 0-4 Agent Orange MDL 381 (Docket Sheets) 0-5 Agent Orange - Product Liability Litigation U. S. District Court - Eastern District of New York A. Day 1 B. Day 2 C. Day 3 D. Day 4 E. Day 5 F. Day 6 G. Day 7 H. Day 8 I. Day 9 J. Day 10 K. Day 1 1 L. Day 1 2 M. Edward A. Metcalf Depo (from N. Dir. Van Murray Sim Depo (" ") 0 . Dr. Robert A. Darrow Depo (") 8- - 0-6 1 0-7 6 -8 0-9 P. Frank J. Vocci Depo (") Q. Benjamin Harris Depo (") R. Plaintiff's Pre-Trial Ordef with attachments S. Diamond Shamrock's Log of Documents Identified in Response to Plaintiff's Interr to Def. (First Wave) Exhibit "A" Canadian Litigation Against Dow (Documents RDS obtained from Jerry White during visit in 10/92) AGNEW V D O W . ET A L .. (Canadian Litigation rec'd from SODA) VERTAC (from SODA) Arkansas (from SODA) P PHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOS AND SLIDES \ P-1 Photographs P-2 Practice Depo of Robert Moyer P-3 Day in the Life Film of Robert Moyer P-4 Video Deposition of Robert Moyer (Volumes 1, 2 & 3) (9/6&7/90) (copy) P-5 Photographs from Orange County P- 6 M.D. Anderson Slides P-7 Video Statement of Robert Moyer (7/91) P- 8 Pre-Amputation Photos of Robert Moyer P-9 Interview with Kim Moyer P-10 Day in the Life File of Robert Moyer (12/02/91) P-11 Bobby & Danny Video P-12 Settlement Documentary (03/92) P-13 Day in the Life of Robert Moyer (04/92) P-14 Settlement Documentary (brochure)- Updated (05/06/92) Q DISCOVERY PRODUCED BY US Q-l Resp/RTP from Helena (5/16/89) Q-2 Ans/INT from Helena (5/16/90) Q--3 Resp/RTP from Woodbury (6/4/89) Q-4 Ans/INT from Asgrow (6/28/89) Q-5 Ans/INT from Dow (7/24/89) Q- 6 Ans/INT from Asgrow (10/3/89) Q-7 N/Compliance (4/2/90) (AETNA RECORDS) Q- 8 Resp/Order Compelling Photos (4/17/90) Q-9 Ans/INT from Dow (1/5/90) Q-10 N/Compliance (12/17/90) (Drs. Thompson, Mamus and Cerrato) Q-ll Ans/Dow Interrogs (2/18/93) Jones, Freed, R RECORDS PRODUCED BY DEFENDANTS (also by Orange County and other sources) R-l Orange County - Bid Sheets & Correspondence (obtained by client) -9- 3 R-2 Orange County - Original Response to Subpoena D.T. (the important records - consists of several folders not individually indexed) R-2A Charts re: Chemicals Purchased by Orange County in 1976 & 1977 R-3 Orange County - Contracts for Purchase of Chemicals (1984 - 1988) R-4 Orange County - Records on Herbicides used after 1977 Orange County - Documents produced for Asgrow ^-6 Dow - Krumel & Arnold Report (not obtained from Dow?) ^ n R -- 87 Ken Swanson's Journal (copy - original in R-2) Dow's Response to our Requests (7/18/91) R-9 Orange County - Water Quality Records S CHEMICAL "LABELS (By Company) S-l Arjay S-2 A&V, Inc. S-3 Applied Biochemists, Inc. S-4 Asgrow S-5 Chevron S-6 Ciba-Geigy S-7 Citco S-8 Dow S-9 Helena S-10 Monsanto S-ll Pennwalt S-12 Rhodia S-13 Southern Mill Creek Products, Inc. S- 1 4 Thompson Hayward S-15 Transvaal S-16 3M Corp. S-17 Other Companies S-18 Diamond Shamrock Chemical Company T TRANSCRIPTS T-l Transcript of Hearing (8/31/89) T-2 Transcript of Hearing (12/4/90) T-3 Transcript of Hearing (4/2/91) T-4 Transcript of Hearing (4/24/91) T-5 Transcript of Hearing (01/09/92) T- 6 Transcript of Hearing (09/25/92) Re: PI. M/Sub. Party & M/File 6th Amended Complaint T-7 Transcript of Hearing (10/02/92) Re: Dow's Motion to Appoint Commissioners & Our Motion to Quash (Teitelbaum) T- 8 Transcript of Hearing (11/23/92) Teitelbaum Production T-9 Transcript o*f Hearing (01/05/93) Our M/Modify Teitelbaum - 10 - 2.31 T-10 Transcript of Hearing (01/26/93) Dow/s M/Strike Paragraphs of 6th Amended Complaint T-ll Transcript of Hearing (03/01/93) Dow's Motion to Strike Expert Witness; Pltf. Motion to Modify Court's Prior Ruling; Pltf. Motion for Rehearing DOCUMENTS RECEIVED PROM JOHN BETTS U-l Davis v. Dow Exhibits # 1-277 Attachment to Memo of 11/13/91 - Exhibit ' List of Documents Attachment to Memo of 11/13/91 - Supplemental List of of Legal Documents Legal Documents, Exhibits /I - XVI Exhibits #1 - 25 on Dow's Publications and Hype on Herbicides Supplemental List of Exhibits on Dow's Publications and Hype on Herbicides U-2 Keister v. Dow Exhibits #1 - 49 Memo of 11/28/91 on Review of Documents Attachment to Memo of 11/28/91 U-3 Newman v. AT&T Exhibits # 1 - 2 0 Memorandum of 11/29/91 Attachment to Memo of 11/29/91 U-4 Memo of 11/30/91 on 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T List of Documents from Memo of 11/30/91 with exhibits #1 - 10 U-5 The Dow Story - Don Whitehead U- 6 Memo re: Canada Trip from John Betts with documents / EXHIBITS - GOLD FOLDERS X-l Asgrow's Resp/INT (4/30/90) X-2 Asgrow's Resp/RTP (4/30/90) X-3 Asgrow's Resp/RTP to All (4/30/90) X-4 Monsanto's Resp/RTP (5/4/90) X-5 Monsanto's Resp/RTP to All (5/4/90) X- 6 Monsanto's Resp/INT (5/4/90) X-7 Helena's Ans/INT (5/11/90) X- 8 Helena's Resp/RTP (5/11/90) X-9 Helena's Resp/RTP to All (5/11/90) X-10 Woodbury's Resp/RTP to All (5/15/90) X-ll Woodbury's Resp/RTP (5/15/90) X-12 Woodbury's Ans to INT (5/23/90) - 11 - 033- ~>X-13 Dow's Resp/INT (5/29/90) ^ X-14 Dow's Resp/RTP (5/29/90) J* X-15' Dow's Resp/RTP to All (5/29/90) X-16 Chevron's Resp/INT (6/1/90) X-17 Chevron's Resp/RTP to All (6/1/90) X--18 Occidental's Resp/RTP to All (8/3/90) X-19 Occidental's Ans to 1st Set of Ints from Pis (8/3/90) w/Supp Filing of Resp to Ints (8/14/90) (signature page) X"20 Video Depo of Robert Moyer (Original Tapes - Volumes 1, 2 & 3 - 9/6&7/90) X-21 Video Depo of Robert Moyer (Original Transcript - 9/6&7/90) X-22 Monsanto's Resp/Pl. 2nd RTP (04/09/91) X-23 Video Deposition of Robert Moyer (7/31/91) (Original) X-24 Plaintiff's Ans. to 2nd Set of Rogs from Occidential (01/09/92) X-25 Plaintiff's Ans. to 3rd Set of Rogs from Dow (01/09/92) X-26 Dow's Response to RTP from Plaintiffs (02/05/92) X-27 Plaintiff's Ans. to 2nd Set of Rogs from Dow (01/03/92) X-28 Bobby Joe Pace - Helena Chem. Co. Rep. Deposition X-29 Dow's Resp. to PI. Expert Rogs (05/21/92) X-30 Voir Dire -- X-31 Deposition of Herbert Nigg, Ph.D. X-3 2 Depo of Verald Keith Rowe X-3 3 Allan Smith's Depo X-34 Dow's Expert Rogs to Plaintiff (02/18/93) X-3 5 Dow's Response & Objections to Plaintiff's Supplemental Interrogatories (12/18/92) X-3 6 Dow's Response to Plaintiff's Request to Produce (12/18/92) X-37 Occidential's Interrogatories to Plaintiff (01/18/93) X-38 Helen Answers to Pltf. Interrogs (4/24/91) X-39 Closing Argument X-40 Kenny S. Crump original depo (04/01/93) with exhibits _>> X-41 Carl O. Schulz, Ph.D original depo (03/05/93) with exhibits X-42 David Lee Eaton original depo (12/15/92) exhibits in 3rd cabinet by RFB X-43 Helena's Ans to Expert Interrogatories (03/31/93) Y - 12 - S33 Z MISCELLANEOUS Z-l Mediation File Z-2 Demand Letter Z-3 Gerson Smoger, Esquire Z-4 Other Chemical Incidents in Area Z--5 Defense Strategy Folder Z-6 John A. Betts Z-7 ATLA Exchange Z-8 2,4-D Advertisements Z-9 "Defending Toxic Tort Litigation Tenth Annual Toxic Tort Seminar Z-10 Couft papers pending action Z-ll Status of Discovery printout Z-12 Freedom of Information Request Z--13 Occidental Annual Report (1987) Z-14 Original court papers from defendants. Z-15 Newspaper article re sprays Z-16 Dow Financial Statements Z-17 Questions for Dow Experts Z-18 Mock Jury Z-19 Task Force Z-20 Index Demo from Gallant SODA Canada Z-21 Boehringer (from SODA) Z-22 DCA - 5th District Z-23 Anonymous Chemical Safety Survey Z-24 Experts/witnesses used by Dow in other cases Z-25 Map-Michigan Z-26 Post-Trial Interviews (from California Plaintiffs' Steering Committee on Implants) Z-27 Consent to Employ Appellate Counsel (Caruso, Burlington) 13 UNITED STATES DISTF 'T COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK In re "AGENT ORANGE" PRODUCT LIA3ILITY LITIGATICN f i le d UNDER SE.AL 79-C-4 67 79-0-747 79-C-2752 79-C-284 6 CV-80-0275 CV-80--0613 CV-80-0 693 CV-80--0991 CV-80--1277 CV-80--1989 CV-80-- 2002 CV-80--2010 CV-80--2207 CV-80--2280 CV-80--2284 CV-80--2440 CV-80--2631 CV-80-2908 CV-30-2997 CV-81-991 CV-80-3256 CV-81-995 CV-80-3336 CV-81-1199 CV-80-338 6 CV-81-2339 CV-S1-512 CV-81-2721 CV-81-666 CV-82-3106 CV-81-1036 CV-82-0208 CV-81-559 CV-82-8 61 CV-81-1296 CV-82-1849 CV-81-2719 CV-82-1734 CV-81-511 CV-82-1852 07- 81-522 CV-82-2493 CV-81-665 CV-83-3122 CV-81-1295 CV-82--0783 CV--81-2349 CV-82-4033 CV-81-2726 CV-82--775 CV-81-519 CV-82--2179 CV--81-662 CV-82-3619 CV-S2--114 2 CV-82-1749 CV-82-2004 CV-83-1306 CV-83-2022 C/-83-4024 CV-83-- 4030 CV-84-1222 CV-84-1879 CV-84--1880 MDL No. 381(J3W) EXHIBITS / V\ ii Ronald D. Rossani 1910C Tysons Landing Court McLean, VA 22102 93 f MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD S>.~drD-3S-C , 9 Sopromoer 1966 SUBJECT: Phone C a l l ' run M r . Wayne V a n d e r v e n c e r , l SAF Ke i \ y F i e l d . T e x a s , Re V i s i t o f Dow P e r s o n n e l i . D-nw ts now p r o p o s i n g new f o r m u l a t i o n : 2.1 lb acid e q u ivalen t b utyl 2 , A-D 2.1 lb acid equivalent butyl 2 .4 ,5 -7 1.0 lb acid equivalent isocctyi piclorara Daw r e q u e s t e d Var.de r v c r . t e r * a a p p r o v a l . V a n d e r v e n c e r s t a t e d t n a t r e c o r r a c n d a t i o n o f f o r m u l a t i o n s was Army r esponsible 1 i t y . 2. Dow p e e p 1o p l a n t o go t o Richmond t o s e l l t n e i r new : ormu . a t : on Lv DSA. "=" j . Dew s t a t e d t h a t C r o p s D i v i s i o n has no money f o r f i e l d l e s i i n ^ and .tod i f LSAF c o u i c f i t * i d t e s t t n e r o r m u a c l d n . An sw er was r<i*e . - . ..:e uncers i t n e d in form ed V a n d e r v e n t c r t h a t new f o r m u l a t i o n -a s .n tmp r o ve n e n t o v e r T o r o o n 101 b u t mor e a c t i v e i n g r e d i e n t s c o u l d **c .i.. n .oc in.c one g a l l o n t o r e d u c e - . . l o g i s t i c e f f o r t and s o ri if e- o i.~.oe r s . . - C t s r . c u i c oe p o s s i b l e t o g e t 3 l bs o f D. 2 l b s or" 7 and 2 lo s a : p i c l o r a n p e r g a l l o n . T h i s would be a naicn c o r e e f f e c t i v e t J t c u 1a c i o n . D : 3 1 r : outi on: D ir /r .is Sciences Lab. r - t .n C. B a r t l e t t -4 W. Brown r.r . R . Bunker Jr. Darrow V- V4% Denoree Mr. R. Frank Mr. rl. Irish, P&ROO Dr. C. Truchelut Lt. Col . Crowell, ACS FOR mj _*. ** V. Dorrell, ACSFOR M r. Ha.norv, AMC Major Nord. OCRD Lt. Crea, Eglin AFB C. E . MINARI K __________ C h ie f, Crops D iv is io n a S Kir" D - ..3 - C S'J D J E C T : P r o d u c t i o n o f H e r b i c i d e s 15 Septeaber 1966 ' 1. D r . h*-a : k V i 11 ae a nd D r . Jo mew Gouc 11, Dow Ch e m i c a l Conpa n y ,_ v l s 11e d C r o p s D i v i s i o n on 15 SepCecaher 19ob t o d i s c u s s p r o p ^ 6 j : j _ n ew__f or n u j a c I o n o f Tord on. ~~ 2 . Dow w o u l d l i k e t o o f f e r os a r e p l a c ement b r O r a n g e , a m i x t u r e o f h e rb ic id e s , w ith tne ro ilo w in g composition per g a llo n : 2.15 lb s. e. n b u tv l 2 .^ - 0 1.15 lb a . e. n D utvl 2 ,- , 3- T 1 . 0 l b a i. e . i s o o r t y l p i c l o r n n . 1 c i . low v i s c o s i t y o i l (PENGLA O i l <Y M31 -0". V J\0^r^T^Lr The toovp c i - t u r e c c u ic r e w o e by c u u n ; 1 /2 rn 1 Oranre , 1 c t . o f . is c o c t y l e s te r of p tc io ra m one 1 c t . o i l . 2 . O r . V T ilt s c o f f e r e e us 5 0 0 0 g a l l o n s f r e e f o r res t i n - ir. RVN o r The 1 l a n d . S i n c e w t con n o t o p e r a t e i n t r . e ae f - o a r e a s , we c e c . t n e c t m r o f f e r b u t u c e c t : . a t - e w o u l d c o o p e r a t e wj,cr. t n e r i f : r .e y c o u i c c o n d u c t tests m Hawaii. -e are presently assisting m en in. .scaring a s u i t e d * test a rea tnrougr. ,*tr. orge h e m , a Cross D i v i s i o n C o n s u lta n t no res ices m r*aa a C . Dt . V . l t s e a to t e c t n a r s e r v e e n t n e p r e s e n t a nc Ju n e 15*.?. m e r e v t l . r-c & c c t t g i t o f 1 . 1 5 5 , . ' 0 3 g a l a o : C r n n e e . * < I n c - o v r r r . n f r . : n a i s c r . e c u . e c r c c t r c c c n : c * O r a n g e a t t n e r a t e c : 1C , 0 0 0 g a i s / a o r . t r . o r a t o t a l o r r o u g r . i y n illio n gais. inci:< t r v can n e t s u o p i v mere t n a r. m i i i i on g a l l o n s of c r a n r e , o p e r a t in g a t pea*, c a o a c i t y and c i v e r t i n g e l l of tne p ro cu ct to the m i l i t a r y . / The a n n u a l cooxaercial re q u ir e m e n t f o r 2 , , 5 - 1 a c i c is 1C. 5 m i l l ion IPs Tne m i l i t a r y r e q u i r e m e n t 16 2 1 . 5 m i l l i o n l b s , o r a t o t a l o f 3 2 . C a l l l i c ; l b s . h o w e v e r , t n e t o t a l a n t i c i p a t e d US a n n u a l c a p a c i t y o f T a c i d l a e x p e c t e d t o "oe 15 a l l l i o n l b s . cons icie r a o l y b e l o w t n e m i l i t a r y r e q u i r e m e n t , l e a v i n g none fo r c i v i l i a n use. - 5 . . T n e Dow. F r e e p o r t p l a n t w i l l be p r o d u c i n g 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 l b / c o . o f T o r a o n a c i d , 6 . Dow's c u rre n t p ro d u c tio n o f 2 , , 5 - 7 acid is 560,00 0 lb/mo. 1M C. E. MINARIK Chief, Crops Division k 3 031 o Vcfrncos TflS. D r . iirovMi Dr. Darrow Dr. Truchclut ?iZO O f f i c e , A T T N : H r . Iris h 1 \ .s *-- \ / i \. y^A--- \ '<*'V / M 73% icaRAiaxw rca. bjxosjj CC3JCCT: lafomation Provided by hUJor Kulcahy >K 7 October 1566 1. Tim following inforoatloa v s prcnrlded b y K ajo r H ulcchy. / p r o : ? a c c fuels, Sa n A n t o n i o A i r K a C a r i a l A t m , -ally A i r F o r c e Base, 7 c :j 3 o n 7 O c t o b e r 15ufa. r" 2- O a o r about 24 September three Po m rearaflentfltaves called oa Col. Hawaii, UCAF, and o f f e r e d h l a a n c a f o r S T l a t l o a d~f~Orancc-Tordoa f o r e v a l u a t i o n i n V i o t Kara. C o l . H a g a n d a c l i n o a t u o o f f e r , e t a t i n g t h a t it v a a z b a Arrs/'o r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o e v a l u a c e a n d r e c o n t e n d b e r b i c i d e o f o r use in Viotnlmra. but h e called in three A r c y officers Co talk to the D e r r r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s . O n e of the A r c y officers was 11aJor Herd, the u a u o f the other two ver cot known to Kajor Hulcahy. 2 . T h o A r n y o f f i c e r s a r e r e p o r t e d to h a v e s t a t e d t h a t the n e w f c r - u l a t i c r. s o u n d e d g o o d a n d t h e y a r e r e p o r t e d t o h a v e a c c e p t e d i t f o r evaluation. overseas. 4. Col. Hogan, s t a t e d thac if tho A r a y w i s h e d to d o Chin h a w o u l d cooperate oy arranging an air lift and he asked the Dow people for iaicrratica on tho meaner or packages, their weight and cuba. Z . D e w p r o v i d e d t h o i n f o r r a t i o n i n a lfctiar d a t e d 2 S .Eepteraher 1 5 6 6 7v u i t h a l s o a p p e a r e d to n u t a l i t t le p r e s s u r e o n tha.alli.Caz ' t o p r o c c c u vita taa evaluation procptly. C. C i n s o t h e n D o w h a s a l s o b e a n p r e s s u r i n g A a r o s p a c 7&als to a i r lift aha c--rgo of 2 2 run* o f tb* caw bfi*iiation. Distributionx Dr. 2rcvn ux . Doraav Ub//^ i A..*j| la. Irish (Jice Officer C. 2. iHjIiMLT2 Chief, Crops Division * St3f THE DOW C H E M IC A L. CO M PA N Y M ID LA N D . M ICHIGAN April 30, 1963 Dr. B. ?. McNamara Directorate of Medical Research Bdrewood Arsenal Zdrewooc, Maryland Dear Dr. McNamara; Pursuant with your request, I nave obtained the names of those custom operators v:r.o have beer, acclvlnr 2.4-D and 2, 4,t -T ir. various forms for many years. I attempted to call you today, cut you were n o t available sc I cave the names to Dr. Averili and told him 1 would confirm oner, c* 1. The*.* are riven on the attached onset. I am nur-e if you contact these men listed, that you'will ".- be able to ret all the information you need. :1 v It v;=s certainly a pleasure to meet with you and if I can he of any further help, do not hesitate to call me. :y. ^ ^ c " * *fA t i ^ c V. K. ?.ov;e Biochemical Rasearcn Laboratory 1701 Building VKP./jd T ~ * L * Dr. B. P- McNamara -2 April 30, 1 9 6 3 Asplunch Tree Ear-ert Company Jenkinstown, Pennsylvania Attn: Ralph Kauffman Oregon Agriculture Tulelake, California Attn: Zd Green Vest Tree Service Little Rock, Arkansas Attn: A. D. Vest Chemitrol Chemical Company. Gitsonoerg, Ohio Attn: Free Karlovits * "V > C A4. W W4 w w **o " . * Me oU -* * - *" Vy ` `^y ^ i.:or~r. Carolina Penn Line Scottsdale, Pennsylvania Attn : Howard Ferguson Black Tree Company Durham, North Carolina Attn : Craig Black Bavey Tree Expert Company Kent, Caio Attn: Homer L. Jacobs Townsend Tree Service V t * -- w- w~ .a* 1 J *- *--< ~ * ~ --~ ^ i Ccmcanv Dor.*aLd"_o>:nser.d Vernon Townsend T*_s > * ; * "* v*\ *,* * 1 . W % V. 7 ta* *W* t r ^^ W> "V rVi ^< b o -- X " V t t * * * * . / r'n \ ***. a / ^ L" --W --W *n J ,W"' ft * mn *^ M' i . --w =--r ' * --t1 - o A --* v^ SiTwlsu w ^ a o Comoanv " " f n '* * * "a a " / m - ,, ^ W ^^ J * ' . -.:. a ~ - ^ ." T j**-j- A W* 1 ,** " Tennessee ;;Vally Autr.ority Chattenoora, Tennessee Attn: -Robert Mann Lucas Tree Expert Company 179 Sheridan Street Portland, Maine Attn: Art Batson Vest Penn Power Company Washington, Pennsylvania Attn: Fred Ashbaurh' -d -' .- ' _ :v 7 .- - .;. r?. . .T 7 XHf .* V --* o^ y *',CU3`*^a^ ci. * *.t*^ j-- o,< ilb ^o Js-eersl Gsverrsr.er.s1s purcnase: ci Z e z'r.r.L zzZ . e z z i r z 2,h-D Zj -.z 2,^,5-T \;r.L z r. were sler.sed as =-> sy welrr.: r.crrsi *s--*-*l 2 ct=r cT 2,-^---D, 2-^S by v/elzsr.s r.c~.a.I busvl e:~:r Is is ry sr.serssss'.dIr.rs tr.as r c y a l t i s s due Dew Chetrtica.1 are b ased c. p e r c e n c a g s 'c r.-.s o c i i a r value 'rasr.gr ***---- cr i ^ * * * ~ * " 1 riLi^-- ^ r*rr;* -r** ^ ^ sr same of the folLewins: b i d s we hav e se~r. u z m b L e sc find cut w h o tcatc then; o r e c w h s r p r i c e " Thar's11~Lc~sics t.--r pcs sibi-I tty ihas ^ u o t a t i c m s w e r e sallc L t e d b u t n o __ ma-cerTa-t purchased. sr.s cf tr.s reccesss -.;~r3 cased sr. ; ^ . M .. Iovemii er 19 6L cis 2A-2 i ssssl rf 68-, 000 Is Dow r cf 3Z L ,000 Isz . si e ~s-:r sf 2 , q - D sr.t 22 surplus,. r e p u r c h a s e d . V.e i s : ------- . --- ^----------- c -- --t _ i ~- V -r.ssry had J_r. e 1 2 . 1 2 s 2 Dow s u s s e s 1 4 re?,r/ r/ rr TT 'J.V"V.: t'*ry /V,S> ft -%  f 1 ( i . 1 11 i'.i n ,V i ': im :: ri :i ii (i in *i *! i I.' t ) u P u e ,*t u ii ii il il i u u 11 i* :: n jt : - I - i *i u o i *M :i : M 11'1*11,0IJ H I-* (1*'() i M | O } t >if Ib .i0p -J1 * 11* :,*. Ij i *il ) ' i i i: n \ it* i -u i O lIIt1 W> *- u. n . i M.1 i* h u *u II. 13 II 10 I O II* i: ;i n i l u ii i * ;i. . - 1 u i: :: i i (i ; i r m ; i i: III Ml J l )'tl t h I i in 1 i : ' i ! 1 *j*i i i * Il 1'IIIMI :,*n ij, i m il 1 IMI* o ;i m m Il M III 1* t u m il * ' ' IM :! i il i .u u |.i :i iii ci M h . i-j :i fu i * 1 1 '-VII 1 * II ) D I ' ri i i * ' i :i 1) 1 .O n '*. u ; ; vu *.*,m i: Ci ;i , t oi ii t i 1 < 1 II II o n * ti .n m i: , i *i *u . u f i IIK 10 Vil H II 1 VII II- V 1.1 > (>l(ll IC In il I u 1 * 0 *1 l)\(l 1 * (i. l{) vu n . :i ir ^ 1 1 II* : ; v r , Mill , ( i : r ni i: u (i u i.i :i i ** i i :>/ oi il i u u** *. i o *i 1 i 1 7 * iii . i j (i ( i * ij t r il i.i i ir i > H i* i ` ri Il II II II i l VII on n u n u 1 r m i * 1* i>i l -' i KM u i* m ; V 11 M il) 1 * 11 ' ' s ri 1 * V|> 11) w .. (u Ih i 1 i <i 1 il 1 i1 VII V i i VU t' I i l.i i : ri.iii) Ml* i.i ti 111 'll :*i (I l-J 1 1 ( I ID M U :i:ih i* li* :r > ID i i m in i i I.) II ID I : I i I < ;l illkO il" ) I 1 I1l1lil-I') (un i 1 > i - > h :i in io Ji!.'I."j ID |.i^|r ii t in |t Mi i i .v-no MM M <m ;io ou U II c-m1 0 1 a *ID1 m -n n i : * 1 a * o ' n> 11' I 0 i " / 11 o* m t I*- (I I u \ h o o i <i<i :i:t *.;ir 11 ; i mo M f" T l J :x w) n I 1n0v 1 i* ' I 1 1 cl / i ' - H *ti m m M i.i M : h 1 1 h *i ;i s; (t> (i. n i** h hi i:o im * i i 11 11 .i i IIDI.isiMlt---o :!lii i'i 'i id i : im i >: h M i (I C l i M | |H M ,0 0 l` I' i : i I 1*i il. i - o m 11 m it *j i: tu ill IMI. :' :j ; i i `. 1iir id i V r1( D M M o . o ID .; i (1. ho Ill (O IJ. i: h . m i . ir i XI h i l l (DID II*Vi.I-inID -I.) U I I) ; 11 i h id I - O i-i II I ' d :> IMl U IIr` (I,Mi !> M MM I ) 1 i* um:: :: ii i) (I m V I i' I I (M l ()I M III ' II (.) 4H'U i it i" * I*M 1111 (I IXJ oiri i) i*i* ID x: 11 II M I M I M* : *1 t / 'M (I M M (I ' J 'I I.I M (1 III' I1 (I II' ;j i r . (1 11 M ti ll M 'M : m n 'M m 'f :j m I 4 'I Pi iu M M ' | U l I ID II. t r m o id I* fj ()> l I I*' *H L) 10 i'i m o i n m H r.i > to --J J-t VII | i | j M ' M I- U v o m U I f ;; , "*,'M. * M |0 ( I ' M M* i- id r: u ! >J It o uni n. |J l ` .M M nut: M o m. n ,r i * O ID ( M i M M. ,' r id r: i j -co l i ip ID id o M IX ID MV M Ia H I M < Jr j I 0 ID OJ ) r*. M I 3VHIM w ;ri)i; rj ID *(J (Mi a :j o ID 01.0 'illd !: M o o m i- I |7 M ' M u :i m \ fi :< o id I * i o i :J u* /.' i : i i 'M M U i * i a a i` u n H o u 1114..o c. o :j m D C ) (I (I III - n. M ID -0>- VJi n 11) ID . 'llI4 (J\ " I : m ID Ir CO Il M- :r i- r. ID If M 0 it H in 0 : r 1/ m . n ID 1 I p i l >; i1i1 h 0 VMHl r 1-)\ 'll III 1 11) I I1 II II M V 11* ro M (b1 1 .1 ir lu . I) I) 1 i- w Vll . i.fo 'll II 'O J- -J Ul o o o I .o o in eh oi eri CO in IO N in i- > 0 V *P t (0 /> (1\ O P IO io r -) o ti i f i .CPO -I ri 1 V IO O tri (J\ O OU) I (ui ii p I.T io l.) ri l( 1!: U 14 C. 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O 99 *22 2 0 3 CM -Z ro 3^ 2 CM *--* ? z > > J fofrr fz / 81/ 2 1 L S / 9 1 /3 :>!M3VO cvrrva v.j.va 1 fox 1 Trv3! s:nv! k ; /.jtx K : m n * tyvr'io . -------- -?:?3 e z e p ^ e o z e d e e e s NY,.'C>*7"v' .V.i- L L03 COZCC2 3 3 0 O.V<* ' ,)ls!V->l.)v.| / 7 .9 K / 2 *2I 522.;-4' 0 V U O/S* **. *yVr> V V w Z)QQ- I S** M Ticaco *:-: 270200 *i . t ' . L C. I'/ ; r ; i y. ' . " Vf */ */'*_! j_ -- -z- The r to4bO f o r t h i s i n q u i r y i s t h e . r -- t h e mo; being under purchase rL*V0 1 3 3 0 C tMo3_ to*kl.m.....m_u O Vito 4to4 1:...*> -U.-i-toto*. wlC to* C 4.C*4fO rf.lt C .5310 ..assr .2C4.-QWdWe^L1 - c r .a r .5 a WOU JLC DC mace in .4^! po^.441 cz ou**cni*< DIPARDrZHD C7 DZ7ZH2Z - Pentagon 3C524, Washington, D. C, Hr. Cari Zolla Hr. Laon lavis, Assistant tc Carl Zolle i.O':? narro: s >. . Coiteseli This office is CSD, DDL. Hr. lavis replaced Hr. 7rad Zaras who was wall 1er.own by many of the a/Ovl c...w Vi..O .C...Cc --^awC*^3. ^ ., *9Ou . 4^. . 1/ciVi.S ViuS ^l.Alc r.a pru_ an gavar.g vos bats ana paeces or rnrom.ato.cn tnat rrttad an w: other information wa had developed. Ha wars familiar, of coursa, with the fact that the Army is going to build, finance ar.d o^arata__a__2^At5 --2_J4.b-r~':Vrnn ar.a rs goxng to put on rrori"cTd'jTuwoo cl 'r^wuss^poor aM^T^^7Qo^ZTZ. to be financed, owl and operated by industry. The 2,4-1 2,4,5-T plant will ba built ar.c operate a at ea-mta~-4<fas'cb&-- Skt>~aqrS-v^T^uI^sara^Dam:-- and-- numf-uuablro^-lac-a-t-ierr, tr.a "moth ballad" AEC pi anC at Weldon Strings. > v;r.rcn rs aprroxanate_y ^o3v= mrras v?est or at. .ours 3 iv .ar~wu*/-*j A*.'r lha amount of mor.ay n e e d e d "for the 2,4-1 2 , 4 , plant is approxara: SL9 H. Its capacity will be in the order of 8 M gallons of Grange p c Iha result is tnat industry will ba ashed to supply snout" 20% more ir tc meat the requirement of 10-12 H gallons of Grange. (Sea quant iti shown. in paragraph raportir.g call on Mr. bills, DGSC, Richmond.) . In order to activate Walaon Springs, a powerhouse .will have to be bud r:3s-'v 00 supply adequate pcT.?er. The All plant v;as z o m e r r y oparatac by Msllinrkroct. Thera has near, considarabla pressure from the* Office Zmargar.cy Planning and the Department of Agriculture to gat adequate f Grange without robbing the agricultural market. The pics JZ2_=l sk for maximum effacrivar.ass of the plant in a minimum length Hr. Davis that every caution ba exercss-d ir. tarn of tb.e health hazard cf .Z ZZ3S1.Z^2 > wardans or .r , i . ^ y ^7.^5 u ^xJ.u wu to ZcClZ CCZ O to*lCIT Hr. D w i s advised us that the control cf the bids, 'arc.r v.-c-uld ba in Mr. John Traub's office cur o: Edftev.ocd a.:., m a r contacts should te m "-- .-- -- ..w peep _c -- a . a . 0 .....a a ure t.*.nr ^ov/1s contributions / nning__o.f. the wramag_or_tne_^7ZlorItha TCS 2T& 10 \ - 7:ir-v?:c -\-r; Crr*?-M?vcc ?M Wc ^M 4"VVV^" rl7t\j i*fa*/44"</*r\\^-y<r4'.'< .*j. _____ u. o*. Co.taiiCr*cc Building, Washing; Mr . t t e s 1g v Most; Miss 'Jane Lewis Dow Personnel: *-1 Is> *0 %d* 4"?4>L4*a. V>. X 4 * 4i 4AC4 *V , C lUtiti'l 44, a . . A. Whitesell, L review- of the above infomarior. wes conducted x-;ith Miss Lewis and a*._ d W(_ *1*0*0 VOfc**> SO *-*W i*l*la***w*0*ll**a .44 J U** 41* or*' 125 M gallons of Tor on x-.'ss established as the requirement on a conr cus basis, providing tone xoar in VietaarTcontinues, irrespective of th r O C U *a *O lll O l* L d U 4 O * C!? 3 t The Grange requirements xjhieh wo .reported above as being around 8 M ^ apparently *--a a-.o_e no*** ay ***2 i^ **o^s accoru_tng _to tee vnto~i.-d-t_i_oo doveicned xvith Kcster-Lewis . m e c**u^ c*re ***.**** o*_*r *o*(***.--e***e.**s *o* *.u* ocn w*,*!, couc.nue at aoouw sar.-e level, barring the increase Col. Shade indicated above, through f a>VOV 4-444W 30, 1559) merely sie: months 0f -ae tOaScr. .or tnts ts tnat tnere nas oeen app; will ie no 3tTOuwwW4,c ^ n l a n t ar.v sooner than 12-15 44.^.44^ -- the most \-i V'e x;ere ashed-by Mr. Hoster to exercise no more D O 's agatnst -marginsa WW O 3 m 3 O W4Im W4*44i ^ C^/ Wt X4t^ 4C44Ci*y O According to Mr. Most rh.ib only confuses the industry and cc.es not melee it possible for Rile Par to comprate any c r e a m y planning V?s did learr. that there are .four companies very^interested in b idding the, plant that will be bhilt for TCh. _r. a.i probability; Since we cc only guess and have a n i m a t i o n made cn our guesses, these companies 5 rw 2 . .ooicer o . Ionsanto or Diamond newcomer bWiLlCAt4W. 44W^*4'.f^+f' "cmsr.v in Ac.r..Sc4,..s u/" ** no w <b4i the bus i: t- At sufficient -C*DxbCX ) wH2 OblS7*2ss , one t c.* s<nrc:7r4 *.0 #..^7i-hs^ c ic v*onl* have to buy its laou-hox-j and has told 3DSA i v/i_l buy^ tr.ts Icnot-J--nexj aoroac. ^ ^ .44 VM4W 4. .a Lewis were complimentary cf Men Manser.1s proposal on t rev: fact finding survey:- 'Zre survey is to n o m i n e total 2*,4-D capac _rd 2 .,4-0 inventory in the United Stares as this is an area ir. xMaich t government through USDA. and CZ? has expressed serious interest. Ir. ad tier, there has beer, a great deal of pressure from CQr.-r.v^r.r rr>->rpsa 4.***/..* . *j.i.--*.* - . .c. cr.c.;//utt*r. c^f^'4-TA^w*Qr^ ~ ------------- ------ f l t . , f \ f> p . 1. ' I 1* | ;1 < f. { r; i i: ti i" i Jl * t 11 | f.i i (0 ! '* fi* r* M ! 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'P* il ti r: o >i N 1r(>14t1:,:-ti Cl. rl fl)i] cr* {fi*>* or { fDo n;C.'Po o i. < id Ml O 1 o to r. itftif P-o to I >Jf c;M n t i ; 1 rl p-;)1 rj D i.in r> O , :i fr O Ml to rt i`4Oil r.Vlo r- C> p-o u*J k >o : -d - ' a c o t . p u t c r w i t h no c 1 1 cj;`.cc- f o r any o t h e r a c t i v i t y d u r i n g c h a t e t h e r p u r p o s e s , l 'h c y ccr g i v e u s , a s t h e y d i d , a b r o a d approx . a a i.. Ou. k-*-itCs Oi. c k.. .e y wuittiO s *0 e c x _ c oy pr vvo outl ined the difficulties we wore having w i t h alpha p i c o l i n e . Mr. Bills was in ogreoracr.t w i t h U S A , he cid point out that legal! we wore recurred to extend B O 1s on every product \;e have. x. g . i . Gover._e~- Marx ear..g Bept isr 1 91 i s /t1.f%*i.,, N' J^I V > :- i-' 10 1.' t 39 -c p l If 1 1 j ! 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W <J R n c - n pi zn R y H* P' : r < n c r i IO O R v R O u fl>4 ?" ri fu J ri il ri V) turi n i r :it ci w* 0>* :i R r.i V 0 pi O y il rii r i l cr i O i-*- fi% !' r i P ; L) r i R R > C) lo t* * l J* V r: )- M fi M CJ O r ri l i OJ r.r M i !> r: lo O 0 lo 1-' u 0O O !i!l r i )- R lo :) fu 1: . lo R R i*> IO O nH L M O r i 00 r: 0 r 1- M n. 1-' 0 r. R 0. IO c; HI 'li t' PI!.*I1 PI X i -3 p U < vj pi u 0 Vi 3 1] 0 13 0 Vi Cj 0 x ys U *u 0 Vi CT n f tu il 11 u CO i * O.-I C\ *0 e y -4, 67 cT ir' i 1 \af M I C L A N D . M J C M 1CA K 40UO :r:l J. . Heb be 1er entsocn Dow Chemical Company received a E c i r e w o o d A r s e n a L , M a r y l a n d ' . c o r e trr.ir.~; - h i c p r i v a r s i c h e 7 h r ; r.ir i D e v e l o p m e n t W o r h s (7' D W ) . W i l s o w D a m . A l a b a a r produ.ce cha h e r b i c i d e O r a n g e . W e h a v e c o n d u c t e d a s i t e s u r v e y -:r.7 o v o r a r r. a c l r u a y ar. a . :i '-.LZ.Z7. : : c h i t p r o j e c t . l a c c a r -7 r i r d i r . r a *.'aa:; Dow Capabilities Th-a D c : : C h a r . l c a i C c r . r c r . u p r e s e n t e d t o o h e D e r e r arcar,c o f /2 : : r . o or. J a r . u c r r Zfc. 19fel/. :: *4 A ^ ^ j o n a s oc'Zr> 1(*j1Lfu/**.*. b ".**\*t"1^^ ^ 1 * Va V o z. cr.i cr^o^ti l Tiu l k o u .*- s O r ^ r g C c .t* c i - y . w L c * u y C j w 4 . i a ^ .* required :o i n c r e a t a It *.:oulc be- r I C. . .. c a e i t s O r a r . s e c a p a .n 1w * or.s t e r v e a r . This ri o 6--3 itili A- w l1 11r*r A >t J o r T o r c o n 1 0 1 ,) cou.--" -'r. ir. che January 26, 196/, presencation indicares that the r:ilicary's needs v;ouid be ".et tor lets capitel outlay and, m accicion, production would be res lined at a e u c h carli_e_: e -- -, : n Ic--.--._-_--- I A ' W- W * J / - 1 . !v\ -_- * / > / . v 'A r. '-/ c r o "hie ci: -l - g r - r - **1*C I II ree ecuId be operario s end sc capacity neh as a ye so on a v;cuicl be che e s se o----,, *2*irl*J*" !~v '-'a nor*.: o r -j ..*-I As cc pars o asead co ? , Dov: hos a:-: ansive technical b <w,1>. ? ^ birc kc ^i- CiS fc0yW4.n0 viich trained oocr ti*l a I4?* / n i *:! ,,1 rli Genera 1 J. A.:. .-'bbcici* Fcl -- ">L . _-- :d ? :h-2 job. T h e 2 e factors v:ould sicr.ifiee me- required L u cul t a C w. u c u , 0 0 3 . ilC ^*4 V.w. c ------- - -- - M w a s to C . t o . * Cto to C * 4 a . . , w. W --N ** ` '-- or o0er o.ji d ' --m -- . r.jV: c m * o: m m procure ir.<s l c iencics End because or certain health pr^aTems~inhe~r ir. m e creser.tr crocss: anr. r.icr. r & c m r s extra c o s t for err Levee crotectfioh, D m her. p l z r . s ur.d zen.-c-' z o .replace ::; to -- to. to totototo to * " '' to. . to.to to w towLa ^ to to to w to to w to to to to ^ to to to t o . ^ a ' l w * t o . , f to * ^ A * as to toto ato ^ to. - t o M t o t o ^ t o t o V V to to* to44 to 4 la. to/ to to tV U La to w to m m n&tj process, proven through over one-h&Li: veer or opera -1 --I 1 J .* / i ii to i .. J J _rfir.r m i r u ~ _ r of L967.~ r> a ionto/ .3 ,* . _ C a . toto *to>to. *J . . . a / 7 / / h ' ** A ' ~ / - /*=*'~ * ?. Seutel. Vic. "C*ft.V aUaatotop, ^toto*a*ito 4/ toUi;c: : 4 cj , .'*-.t*oic'tor,.*irxm-mn `-rur t Jr\ J .:) VI ii .. ** n ;- 17 Juiv 1963 r THE DO W C H EiViICAL C O M P A N Y U 1 D '-*X C Office :: Assistant ^ - - g: "cir. *3 - ----V :;uci5= C w k atf kk d. c. General J. A. Kebbeler, Director hear "General - O f ' * ' , : ^ *-- (ZA-1S0) ------ r . ' ^ ^ ^ o .* " .** 3 . .ns Dow Che a:la a 1 Car.oanr presented :: v ' r z z - z 9 q verr_T.er.rai agenbf.ee t h e a a van - rages rf _5uasr Orar.aa (K3393? =.s a .::air h.erbf.rife :;r u s= ir. Vt'ernar. TeehAlaal era g-jciorain; this p resilee was left: with. these agencies. _r.a_ua=a uaar. m e aaaa *3 aive : : stiarlng. wii:h Jia f t c u arraa.esfc the c o s t c f this era 1 1 c a t l o n for e v a l u a t i o n purposes! 77i ears a i m i n g at 'fra_y a.. -- - "-_ana r a aaa er ^r ana e O.j 39 3 a a r.c a a a a aa are raverraaer.a ir. arae.r aa ^ 1 ^__6__t_h_e_ eexxp?p e r i m e n t. T h i s waul; aanaarr.ee. e reea aa ai _.ie aaverrraena 1s ac\ ce a h a rasa effiaier.a praauaa traducing aha -auickesa ana m p g r l > t i h g results . .-.a ahe^ssr.e tire we wa-aaa like aa re- -- rhasiae ar.aa our prate aa 3?.-7-1 per gailar. is based an aaraaul inputs whian clearly indicate ana a cur faaara crace XTe would appreciate hearing fran ycur office as soon as / -passible indicating any cevel-aar.er.es which have occurred as a result or our meetings ana this proposal. 7.0 * 3.?f : &> . '' :-: s: t P - P V ^ c k .:. m j c a l KXDIAN3, 'Mich.',gar. March 2 9 , lily- v ' s / 7 C*<- c o m p a m -y // l 0je^2? ///,- e+- _ r7- ''7. K- Howe Biochemical Hi:search Laboratory 1 7 0 1 'Building h?-l cc: F - H - Riley R. N- Smiley L. 3- Grant C- 0- Kutchenre-uther F. C - Amstutc W. P. Falsey G- E -- Lynn ' YJ. K- Gill M- G- Yfiltse B- E- Fletcher U. L- Corbin D- D- Irish J. E- Peterson J. C- Tucker J . Vs. Harris H. W. Feinauer E . C - Staehling - C, E. Ctis X. Y..Hansen r . c. Horr X- _I- McCoy . J. D. Doedens X - 0 - Barrens H. R- Hoyle r 5. B- Holder, H . D .. h". tadek : REPORT OH THE CKLCRACNE PROBLEM MEETING ON 3/2fi/o5 h ri>. !, .'IT'' 1' '^A' fih ^---Xrv--.; 'rj L-.-i- 3? Present: Dr- J.rMr. R ggp Chemical Corporation. I" Mr. F Dr. Ed Company ey.^M^rS^^s Powder Company :-HVl i. vr h y K. rgcapnsd the Dow situation in terns op the problem;.; find the initial studies b v Toxicology and Environmental : R esearch Laboratory regarding the in-plant situation- He, expanded this in general terms tg^Xi.%^ pur3 ana other -'nG&efanl^n__ , __ ___ ^ n ^ H e referred to the evidence rrrrt^TTrt*rf*^rr~tt^PT~ c^ i S * 'except to review the evidence L o r their * 8 r^lstence in the process samples and end p r o d u c t 's. -., c;ic-tCT TO INJUNCTION CONr'.DcN-*-.- ir v ;EpA A G 1 ^ aE-'* . ^ $ y.'ie --c -- V 29, 1955 j.ce. rT ' Vii>"' O '..e medical side of c'.i_expe rienc v<'e rie nave acbroxlrra teiv ~Y a 3 es."""cil ials with c;iioracr7F~rng.iogJt^ ccl .v-;0..se;'?- 2 _case: s-or.a verv mild cases' were dlfflcuIt oearnese_ ne ;hd.'.fe ices 0 1 uns more arama tic case t- rr T r <r exclusively views 0 1 the faces of the irciv Ghi3.G.!> a f f l i c t e d .. He described in fair detail the appearance of the indivi- duels mentioning the blackheads s p e c i f i c s 1 Ke then '--iviewed the clinical studies that are bean c mac e c-n. these - people with eschar.! 3 "e:~. che liver function tests. H e ;m e n tioned the single liver biopsy that has he on taken, and studied in which the liver was normal although the roan had CO U-- ris---touch(1 bri of It or;-,!.tHa.5t-h.gnt indicating;rtha ^asioss feoolca^t^^^ cficribed""the q ^ ^ ^ i ^ysaBlWk. h__a_d__b_e_e_n_______ ,nr- '-- -- - -_-- -- __ r-TTTii.-i-rT^^ ^ he r.satlori&L that s ome friows^ar'e a p preaching `m e end of their- trouble two or -^ d e r . two Ke and one-nair yeang^.ailter also described" o n s~e.t~:ar.orfw the nic h skih~d~i~s^is arx acu J l a m a t c r y condition that appears conseaeraoly sooner than the normal chlorache in individuals-anc appears alter prp~~ * !j-g,'?1e~exposure. The acute chloracne shows np w i t h i n Tiere w disorder i tse __ ___ e more similar to the 1 vTTiicn^iSow has experienced in that there w e r e _______ 1?jvg^rBpar.pj^raorler~tran the m ultitude of small blackheads arfcT eruptions WhicTTlDow is seeing ih 'th F -curran t cases. slides of t*-^ r. g ,,.. . ^ r>-y,^y<r (that hap b e en exposed to the s?pmmetricaX'^ttzza e h T S i b e r r s c dioxin. He "discussed the L. _ ^-- :--------- :--------------------------* -o summarise. in detail wlncesTT w i l l not attereot -cy>^S5K -- v1 K. mentioned the studies in which thu ;bi.t ears have teen treated t-fith TCBD In benzene cr corn oil and then v.**'afshed w i t h Ke ^Igpi: ^ataiXI Silvern te in. described the plant study on w a s h i n g f contaraination from tools and surfaces. This study idlcated that benrena, acetone and Cnlorothene NU were effective in removing the contaminant from tools and also that detergent and water with scrubbing action.could clean UP tools and equipment- Some discussion ensued on the use 13- $ >, ~ ^,1 iV'H^ v , *v,, . . u~vk1vK* ~- .. 23, 1955 K. jr' GTO t;j be ruccessiui. o again that is approach * I: a6^iy^o&4S^t^^^^f`S''6iiJuSas e chromat "T.~; >u m a t e r i a l s . H e ;d sapor'liable me and trl-- T C 3 D jin. this material Is 10 ppm. ph e b?cf~c?f*propionic . LX-isd^^n*^ Very discernible- p e a k H e m e n -- tinned that he-might estimate 0.5 ppm in some instances but to be conservative the analyst reports <1 ppm if the peak does hot measure up to the quite identifiable level of 1 - ppm. The analytical problem has not yet been solved f o r th; T-Acld e3ters. The general procedure used for the T-Acids is to extract the sample {arbitrarily about 0 grams) with, chloroform (about 40 milliliters), filter the- chloroform tc remove fisolids and w a s h with an equal volume of W/lO 'austic to remove any acidic materials. The chloroform jctract then is concentrated by evaporation tc"'one-tenth the original volume; thus, the concentration, of the diox in in the chloroform will be ten times higher m a n m the original s a m p l e . W h e n the analysis is conducted on tfri-- . chlorophenol, the material is dissolved in M/l caustic to the extent of 10$, and this solution is then extracted with the chloroform and handled as indicated above. A question was asked about the utilization of detectors other than the flame ionization which is specified i n the Analytical laboratory write-up for this analysis. Gill h a s 'not tried the micro couiometrie detector because h e is not set up to do so, but he has experimented w i t h electron capture- He stated that theoretically this unit should not .provide a n y greater increase in sensitivity. In actuality he found a slight increase in sensitivity, but 1. there are usually too m a n y chlorinated species present 1 which may saturate the electron capture cell vjhcse recovery I., is too slow to be of practical use. He summarized b y s a y -- j, ing that the slight -increase in sensitivity'is n o t Worth f the effort -to switch from flame ionization to electron *J capture. A question v;as asked about how' the extraction is b; Performed. Gill sts.ted that it is performed in a wide j moutJ> bottle on a shaker for one hour- (It was -not n e n - h qnsd . but it is the case _that thls _lp_d_cne_Jlt r nnrrr i' temperature.) He mentioned that spiked samples Inve b e e n K ^3 I 4c r cn Jh . fc it- 1 n rf ;? jt '; 2$7 &&:f tHaaateaaai3aaafflBs^j*7-ra.i&^ ^ .`iCWc ?9> !9o5 ;-i.;-; thin w a y and the recovery ranged from 0 to 100 per j::';v The ratio of solvent to the materia), being extracted on this step is not critical according to Gill, `j.hieir , :-h'r.c?.r-J .procedure is 20 grams of s a m p l e 'and iG milliliters of chloroform. On trich)orophenol samples :n'oeifically, 20 grams of phenol is converted to phenate -- abend 10 p e r cent concentration. in water. The phenate solution is extracted nith 20 milliliters of chloroform in a. single extraction.T ;:- oh i o r o f o m is then, concentrated so that the csrcentraticn of the dioxin will be ter: times thal-n--- JT the criminal s a m p l e . The question of volatility of dioxin came up and Harold Gill .stated that h e found he can distill o-dichlo;.-cierreae a w a y from tatrachlorobenmcoion'in.' 'He said that in. his opinion the secret .was to avoid distilling to dryhess. cI :i n; i ,lTxch CDC jl& XA /V-rJe A member of-the group asked if samples of c Landsrd TCED were available. ' The answer was yes and 100 mg smeles were provideo to one of m- SS - si * .wvifc.. gwaggf was provided to the group glov .we used *5 -/. Disposal UsS oratory s tudy ,.oL .tit H a r old c S il statfed' that Ihs lab- *-r* wsg.we r^i >jS,y^ T ^ n ^ our practice of burning small-amounts of S 1JloXin "was a. safe ee." " ~5 '" " '"' VULCpu^vjc. <V. K. then outlined the project in which plant samples and ^ p r o d u c t s (not mentioned by name) were so Iked with, known, ^.amounts of the TCBD- The snlked samples were split f o r the ;purpose of checking our analytical prcceoures fob recovery `2nd correlating these results with, the bio-assay m e t h o d . t- ijrr ,:y n e question of specification, quality control specification l ^ a t is, w as raised and we were asked if we could rive levels tVojr djjaxln contamination wh icn were permissible xbmXtsT ~ .<Swf(kv>?: a' '.U hSrTXr^ri :t ''r'-*'*T ^l^g^taa^aL ... . $ ^4 &it 019197 -b liarch ^co >J U- --r i - -- - -i trher: d i s c u s s e d e dr. ta fren _ars_nn_-T__-n._Ta_._iT -- r- o 5*. ' '; p u r s s y m m e t r i c a l . te t r a c h 1 o r c b e n o c i o;c ~Ijos es <-*`*C3--`*-> '"' 'parts per billion to 100^0 parts p e r of tetrachlorobenrodioxin in. benzene hac .been. LCttiiistcr ed ;o the rabbit ear- Dosage in most cases vas 0 . 1 c3. per- day- Doth single -and multiple exposures have been studied and multiple exposures administered on a five days p e r week bas is*, -in-',significant Tac tors in the study are d ose,, t h e ?n ^ ' applications "ao the oays"_t5rT*exposure of the 2 ' *qr_ T h e r e s p o n s e w h i c h is r e p o r t e d I n t h e g r o s s o b -- serva ti.cn of the condition of the rabbit !s ear* b y toxicologists- This does not include pathological findings -- there is not enough .data in this area to ciscuss. The .level. . response ranges from none through very slight, slight, slight' to moderate, moderate,' moderate to- severe, severe, and extremely severe. Jack: indicated "to the group that there is not a sharp definition between, these categories of response and indicated also that there is some difficulty- in, granhinr this tyre of response. He .described the response f^pm single applicaticniPto''the rabbit ear first r at 100 p2 rts per million there was a severe response in eight days; at 40 parts per million there was a slight r e s p o n s e in .g eleven days; a t '20, 10, 7 and 4 parts per million, there w a s y - 'H no response. These tests were run on s i n g l e .rab b i t s and ci -viithour washing the material off. Jack then discussed the . .multiple application data which he took from his m a j o r . f. ;-- graph of this data. The important points that h e made fro m . this data v;ere first that at the limit of .VPC sensitivity b a severe response may be produced. In other words, even i f . 5^>: the VPC does not detect TCBD, an anlmaX~re'sp'on'se~~inay~stillr occur! His. second Important; point was that the Induction period for response averaged about ten days o n t h e animals in the studies. .I'Cvl' There was a brief discussion then about the air samples'that were taken in the plant. Silversteln mentioned that some 1 air samples have shown activity on the animals. The degree of respohse'Tb Slight and the number of samples t h a t chow activity is small out of the total number taken a n d the sm.ount of air that must be sampled is very m u c h lar g e r than, the amount a man normally breathes in a n eight h o u r day. The meeting was 'adjourned. The group then proceeded to the ||?i Toxicology Laboratory to view some of the test animals- T h e y werg. shewn resoenses of varying intensity and these were p described- This demonstratlon appeared to h a v e c o n s i d e r a b l e fehr hnoact. , fry- / r\^(//X2K ^LlvcrSzeXn ti-_ Biochemical R e s e a r c h L a b o r a t o r y f t ' ^-701 Building ^k XjG S i s J 1 ' i [ I |.;K". t I < 5o ff' o k I ?) ftvrnrn o (/ ro a t id sr.ov/s _gc. e x c i t e r . D ia m o nd and M on san to do not is o la t e th e t r i cKloT-onK-2 noi to p u r lfy._it, but m ak e a ll d e r iv a t iv e s f r o m th e o d iu m s --..laiy.-ji.i: of- .ilo r.s an to_|s 2 , 4 . 5.r.X.n e ichshc^-U*--3--^-S--ppr-. ^e x c i t e r an ai y -s o f -D ia ct o n 'd ^ ^ g d iy issfrie h l^ r .a p iisa ste ^ sbasisL-S?-- J. r*" .' v ' j o f ToricoiOijv' '.'h e r e a r e p u b lic a tio n s in th e m e d ic a l j o u r n a ls a lle g in g c h lo r a c n e r e s p o n s e i r o n 2 , 4 , 5 - T a c id and d e r iv a t iv e s . B a s e d on o u r CiCtu, wo cun r a c il y see ihct such a response can occur from im pure 2 .4 . 5 -T , -.r th.,. ^ -- - C>i---. SgTrtiri>?->S'iVrSj;-i tarrc. We h a v e c e m o n s t r a t e d p o s it iv e fs p er b illion and eq u ivocal r e s u lts at 4.-0 pa r ts p e r b illio n We have dev .io p ec a quantitative a n a ly tica l p ro ced u re w hich v i* l a n a ly ze fo rth -; o::o-..er at 1 .0 ppm. s e n sitiv ity . O ver 500 s a m p le s haw? b een a . - . a i y s .-d b io lo g ic a lly c h e c k e d .c d a te . We h a v e a l s o I s o la t e d and id e n t i- `ce. tr.e u n s y m m e t r ic a l te tr a c h io r o d ib c n z c c io x in and it i s p r e s e n t l y b rin g :Ki;ked for b io lo g ica l a c tiv ity . In addition to th e id e n tifia b le m a te r .a It. VPG s h o w s s o m e 15 a d d itio n a l c o m p o u n d s w h ic h a r e o f ur.kn ow n a c t iv it y and id e n t ity . F u r th e r r e s e a r c h i s r e q u ir e d to i s o l a t e v .g ia- ..tifv th e s e m a t e r ia ls to d e te r m in e -their s ig n if ic a n c e . - n e m is s ia j . -k i ` th is e n tir e stu d y i s that th e r e is no q u a n tita tiv e r e la t io n s h ip t o resn on s. and human resp o n se at the p resen t tim e . 'il. C o n ta c ts with T r ic h lo r o n h e n o l P r o d u c e r s D Tcrcico rrrr' preduce rj,-- /^_ .W7'. - . * ** . ' a ljrnethod s . T h e s e Jr.? ^ " ---- our anrJy.ica! .v.ethods. IV . Pr.. .qcccJ M eet ino c f T ~ ic -lo r o n h e r o l P r c d u c p r t :v e n i586. ;-;2 scroto M O O -y 2- - bnD o w r e v i e w t h e J L i t e , r a t u r c~ th e s u b ie c t. -#->*--------- .__ ^j.T. " '^ . ii S--* > .;. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ " .iz S g j tc B a n t e . ---- -------------- = ^DDW O U G -__H T i f< .. I f t h e p r o d u c e r s a c c e p t t h i s p h i l o s o p h y , d e c i d e w e s h o u ld a n d w ho" s h o u ld g o to th e a p p r o p r ia t e TV-A tn P R T E . S T f e d e r a l g o v e r n m e n t a g e n c ie s . V . S ta tu s w ith B n e h r in c e r o f G e r m a n y In D e c e m b e r 1 9 5 4 , D o w s e n t a te a m to B o e h rx n g e r o f G e r m a n y to d is c u s s th e c h lo r a c n e p r o b le m . B o e h r in g e r h a d th e s a m e p r o b l e m , s o l v e d i t . g ^ : c T l t g r ^ ^ O T ^ g a t c ^ 5 ' y e a r ^ 7s a f t e I v . I n G e r m - t v a v e r b a l s e c r e c ' - ' i T g r e c m e n f r T'tv a :s ' r r r a td g J~tol t h e e f i e y t T i f t a t a l l o r a l a n d w r i t t e n p r o c e s s k n o w - h o w r e c e i v e d f r o m B o e h r i r . r e r \vou;~,d b e h e l d s e c r e t b v D o w f o r 1 0 y e a r s a n d D o w w o u ld p a y 'S o 5 ~ 0 0 C ~ fo r m i s u s e . T h e t e a m r e c e i v e d B o e h r ir .g e r 's p ro c e s s d e ta ils a n d flo w s h e e ts w h ile - ih G e r m a n y a n d v a jr io u s p ie c e s o f c o r r e s p o n d e n c e s in c e th e y r e tu r n s d . i i O u r n e v e ^ p ja n t i s d e s ig n e d v ^ e m i ^ r d s ^ ^ partir.ent eb. cc: V . K . How e 1% j ,1 i 1 ! 1 y \ \ Lr Kt tn til'u iiic l !. *roer-.b*rT Ti s s rases Errro B -.LCCH Sr?.T tiS -<r. <. Octobar U, 19U "./llV sn o a mmi I attandad n aa tin g lo d a r mV-Ugretnfr^fl la 3 t . Zoulft o ith o U a r rapresenta U r e a o f th'T ^ ^ =^ ^ T 7 C 7 ^ ^ :^ S S T ^ 7 ^ T S :::^ :pc* im i afanda ir a u c u tlln a d an tba a fta e b o d . Proaant varai John Cannar - Coine l i fa r ?UCl but l a afroo la n ce" atteadanoe B i l i Sonora - Legai S t a f f - Kong anta P.ofcert Parer - C a r e n i *' i n a p r - l g . B IT , - Hcrtasnta Dea* H u ff - Mene anta S t a - C . Cani e La - ionaanto "9d" Zoreft - Konaanto Kon JlT<5ni - Sereni V\JQMSre.|tJ H . H. Howard --_ -- Dan r u l l a r - Hootear 3taa 7 -- oolcar EXQiPTQ C/` ,T Irrrttod b u t noi prsent - Dore C m ' and C M p u n , botb o f ha* h o w w r r o c s ltt e d production c a p a c iti tbrcugb Thoapecn-flayeard'e Kr H . Y / K o n r d * Ibiitrrlted and n o t preaent -- Thobpoan Q e e r lc a l and Hoffe a n -T a ff. -- - _ N E P t t C g (TIMES 6 3 s c ^ = 9aaad epen prasant ln du otry a p a d t y ta praduee b o tS-D -aad . T# aa oppcead t a prsent pureftssa p a tte r r j o f ttie m i l t a r y , l t vas em cludad we haro B cas ta proaent to tba le f/naa and C o v e r c e Deperoaeofca 7lcrpaao--Raywrd, e Yr. Kaa&rd agreed ta cn aly tftla ndaaror, cita Jetai Ccnnor betng arpetnted a tfi# rrtm p'a C o m c i i . Lxricnsas ara a n tld p a ta d t a ba m lnlnal fo r toa fo r w e e a b le fu tu r e >d rf.ll oe d o u b ie d ly ba snaied b/ tne p a r t ic ip a i! ne 6 a e t i r eoapaalaa. A t b eat va bote ta c r e e m t c m p la tlc n e f tria Haldon p rin g t plant o r t la a a t co n fin a l i a production to cn ly tfaat menai t o T or il naoBea by tfta Coransearrt, but encrai ion La fraa lndustr^ " a u i l i w lll ba suteilttad to you s-"UWy tra B T a lla b la * O f cenarmi In ta reo t ara tra followinj; animal produotlcn c a p a e ltlo s aa se o r a tly a id a it la d to ."T . Coneor today. He to ta la d tnea and eux diseuse l o i ttx n cefltsred about tne to ta le cnljri 2fb-0 2,1.-T T otal rape c it y ( lb s .) o f 6 p artiel patine ambars 9$J 32.2PM Tne ro u p 'a a a t ls a t a for non- p o s tic ip a tin e coe p an j-a capacltlae are ns 00C17180 ItlaipaOO O w a le tl Ko f f-arv-7 a f f Vocdbury Ole*lcal (iridar ecziatructlcn) . 7CT1L3 lt 'J V . 1.3 2.0 h :c*'1i.l-i .H U T . . rizS^Sfi isM m wrrr.>ou p s ooorfi ^ snV^iiic. i2 _l Jt, Hocbar* Octofcar U, 1563 P* 2 . TV ' X. b t t o f tip li* -d c a ra a d ln * c rr t o falT rad n< b r n i t x a o f tb a p a x t i d p a t ^ *" nmrftrm' c i p a c l t l a a . Ib a s wr eqdad b irt i r c x a c t . I hxr a tta c d ^ H H blcft 7 QT 7 ncrt b o , i t t r e a p tlc n o f ELnwaad, tM o c lAt d -r-'r ccmoU7 wtth t capadt7 niKar __ .t 2.L-0 2.S-T W 5 .0 m - Harona 12.0 bH - Dlaaend ItO .O m - Do 2t.O m - .tacto 11.0 XX - O-lcnaa 53.SOWK1 -- -- Harona d iarrl 1 2 . O K - Dow 7.212 - ffcxwaoto U.SVJt -- T-^taj-awrd 7CTA13 S 5 .0 KK 32.2 m fsm I b l i ( r o c p 't b t aatiauitas fo r t o t a l aren a l rtn-- i t l wad X n i 2JL-0 -- 55 Mt H a . 2rli,S-T - 10 m la. r^ d fw w ito `" of D ,?*** . '" 'i x t >. "V Hoofcr ac to o w lad ro d t r now h rr TC3 c a c a o l t r t o r u p p l j t i p r o d o e e n , i tfcd t u m f g M i ' H t i l i m , C g a f t t T o r Dow (too p r o iuo t a i r o c a ) v d T^najirmrd (too i r p - r e e n tljr blc< rupplL ad TCP b j Da><) #// iw /la ' e c i J . 1 VLineo E. A. O uldl C . L. Tropto J. 0 . XlA< h. r . vxL nssai ; Xbo fo llo w l c p o a ltle n l U t a w i t h a s ba d n x i cp by M r. C e t i o r in d Ls . b a l a j ufcw lttad O cto b er 7 t o IttM Jm LmA* o f t Coworcw Dparto--n t i o o o t u r r or p c b it c c h ;A k JsT Tbo group of phecasr hortieid prodooar t tIr -- tir.{ oa Ootobwr 1, 1563 aftarUV. wtljLitlnt t capcity of t dr-- tic Lnduatrjr to prodno 2,1-0 wad 2,b,5-T| r litar M t l M t l n c la accinitalr u poaalbla t oaitla dTl_LLcn eonaivptica of B *^3^523?; c t prolneti tnd t sLlilarj raqulrwwnt t u * d epoo t atatad t>do n d * " "*a* eisTwit dollvarx aenodulaWf canciudad tat t t La nfflclaat dcs-tlo prodnatic I of 2,l-0 to rullx * M t bot t d r i l lea and tUtiry rrqulre-- nt, cod tat t i Tu T prodtactloa of 2,1,$-7 woald awt i auatatlal part of bot t clrLUia icd t '' It vi canelupad tat t quMllana lcb prowptad t Gorcwrrt y CS 0 0 0 1 7 1 8 1 \ *. Hocibn O ctatw r U, 156 h< 3 O f f l c l t l * t a atfca ta d a a ia lc n t a e o o a tru c t acd p lie La o p a ra tL o i a pLurk 4 t V tlO a a SprLo* t a pratfnea b o ta 2 t L-D *nd..2 -li,5 -T h cr o b ir< * 4 , ad t t _Vb* Intfaitrr.iturald rrraat-ja_gpporeMtT ta a rpiar t t -- ata rita t ,CflTtaa<x.t< " t t w a f u r t t a r em eL odad t h * t m a L f t t La u r -- 1 t h * t tfea e U L ta r y L U ~Y. P W tlr tha f b ll aw nzit o f Ita u k U m brtdfbr ti* * t* d , tp * t U ra . - v o a l b Try o cb t* fltL * i o r r~ p ro<j a c - tla i o f bcrtb 2 ,ii- 0 ad 2 , h , J-T L f Ifc* Waldao S p r l c o p l a n t La o p a ra ta d a t f b l l e p a e i t r . TM* r a l l a d q o m td a o o f .- a rlo * Lay c r t t a ta d c w a t i a LruM *try wftich tb or oetftl y aa?L sr*d r i t a th a | Cor r a m t jr S"S H- ? vnxrssos mm. si m .m *- m PS 0 0 0 1 7 1 8 2 ; ^\ !I i i \ i 1> i /_ ;;0 .* ">v^-^""C'V*-.r-.* `1-.-V-- 2 ; asrci-iir" &&* 53S-. 1 S& T H C D C W C H : UC' A L c c .v .> > A rjy VIOLANO 'c j i v i f / 22, 1065 V > --. Ir r ' r - 7 ^ - _ * ^ ? ,' 301^.Crv i SJCT7l.*rsi, ^ ^ V r l 1 >: '-. l i u J - ' - Y. A. c.V. P . f a l s r y X. I u r r o n ; V. L. C o rb v r* X. C. H o r f K. R. H o y P . C. P i t c h r V. Cl 11 !.. 2 1 *; VC r s l c i 3 C. * . O t i s 1-. r Lyr . n r. l . ins'lx . C. i t o e h l ) c ; J , D. D o rd a o ^ ~ ~ '-ir. tA f fcff fc^" rcce *cC i| i T^g3^jFnryKTrM>L.- <>f?.;i' o J u a 5 [ s." .iffne-t : - - ~ j r r 7 - i l i ^ T - s r a o . j r ' v s r t M d ^ ^ E u F l ^ ' c . . ro a r.tl . C3 cr ^ M. - y ; j w v < r ~ j t v v T t * * liXSiC d rr.u lO fk S s r t t r \ * m u d o v i t So C C tJ riT > fa iio n O( CfOm n ic lr.piC I . ^ E> o r i ; l o j past .j' T i r n c c , V. W, 7' t>^ld l ^ .al Ou^. had no r h l o r a r n * p r c b lc ^ r * * 3 t c J l** i r c M o r o p iv r ^ prod^/st c r t e r 25 jrc.f> u n i v i p r o c c s i c h i r ; v ^ * * * : c c T i c c i r c i n tfce ? p f i r o f ) P6 4 . fca.sd on rcfevarcb m i o r r a i i o # * 3 c c u > w U l d c.er 11 yr, r n . U t h a r e bn ou t t o ^ c i i. T f r c c A ftflu g th l t f c I r CPr-pou n 3 v M c K c i f i s i to p r S lc > . ~r.; 5 . ,! , lU ~ '`T'-r'-~:TT1/"P ~ " t > - -f ___ _ Si=>J $-, ''* J&^ F-Hl f^l-''E2r^r^5^ |V% ~-'-- ^ 31 !. " - 1 / ' H-vj T=- " - ' " V _ E g ^ ^ m p?Sgg g = g j ^ 5^; i'?^r>eS^3 tH*; 0 2 0Kojrlc r.aM t h a t tSir r a b b i t t e i ? *rilj d*'(cr.i 4 .* f t * J ^ . ' . t t - i l i n u n . vr*c f t i ! <J*r l 'Cl . - ..', ppc .' C M 2 , 3 , * , 5 - cln.Tln in i r l c h l*iroiri><iAn l . Alv, v tC v i i t d r t r c t a>i l 5.0 pp* of t.s 2, Dr 7, !-Ulor.ln In 2 . 4 , 5 - 7 e i d . <Dy ps * I'c h . I i*, X05, Jll 0*tjct 1.0 pp.)"/.:>/\c In dic ate d to t M ('i t e r m a t i t i s co* f r i t t h a t VC? In a.^ plrn rhvi'Vnd f r e ^ O c t o b r r a l ? J j l , t n i n r p r ^ r d t , no u s i n ' th a m r i i t l e n t , Tiir a n i n i l <: *,.>- n*1i r j i -*< r*nr'r *c t U-j i j m <n :<an;>tr o f j f i l t e r wc..*r. f i . * d i p u r l t ,c* renovnd io T-ucitl prot'V ' M n j . $ ?i&r,^r.A. .. ir.- c *2 *. ,.17 - k _ E<HIBn' 12 fiL;!;':V>`:' * p ilp p ip ili ;:;vVv iiis ^s^ivSaA- ;*j ,I^-r.-4-.Z-iUk-rVji^.la/.rf'4!-o Uv;v*''b/KW'.f.S*;*{>'li.W.*- 7 o i5l . fe tA ."l \ V ' l J V""j J'J.) A'V "': ^ ' - ^ ,r^trl^^K'iyAr^ir\r^^/yxn^trjxyrvvvvrt-trr):-(1nm)rrni'>ir'`r'nnl>---- ............... 1 1 $ \ `$ 3 t i $ d w / w -, KID1ASD, ICKIGAX August 11, IBS5 ^ D O W CHEMICAL. C O M P A K Y - 5 * * C. X. O tia UPC cc: V. X.. C o r b i n J. E. Govell f. J. McCoy B. O. Viltse to CO CO -J TE Z T O I J A T I O X P I t O J S C T - 1 9 S 6 A X D 1 9 S 7 Following * longthy session Involving several of our rosourco people aest immediately concerned, our thinking and rccoanendatioas vore brought up to date as follows XIL1TAKY XKEDS (is expressed by G o v c m a e n t Procedure at Blchxond) 70S OEAXGZ IK GALUDXS 1S66 1967 Aug. Sept. Oct. Xov. D e c . Jaa. Feb. bar. Apr. Say Juno 2202 3702 3702 4202 4202 <202 4202 4202 4202 4202 4202 I t appears likely that the 420,000 gal. per O r ange w i l l continue frou July 1907 through * O r a n g e is e O a p o s o d of 4 lbs. A /l- l of 2 , 4 , 5 - T "of 2 , 4 - ' P ' p e r g a l l o n .'.. aonth need for Docoubor 1907. . f and 4 lbs. A/Ff4 T b e 0.8. c h e m i c a l in lustry at present can produco 17,000,000 lbs. of 2 , 4 , 5-T acid annually and 65,000,000 of 2,4-- D acid. F o r e i g n sources aro probably 200,000 lbs. of 2 , 4 , 5 - T acid annually or less. ,, . Botwoon now, August, and tho end of next Juno, tho military ill ncod 4,420,000 gal. of Orange or 17,680,000 lbs. of 2 , 4 , 5-T acid. During these 11 nonths, IAS. industry can p r oduce approxlr-Moly 10,190,000 lbs. of 2 , 4 , 5 - T w i t h n /fP r b c r ' o s y ? j i n ' C & I scceii 1 I resultant shortage to tho m i l i t a r y d u r i n g *this p e r i o d of approxiwatoly 1,490,000 lba. of 2,<,6-T acid or oaough ^,4,,5-T to sako 372,000 gal. of Orange. The military * .requirement I s In a d d i t i o n t o t h o c c = * a r c i a l r e q u i r e m e n t s o f a p p r o x i m a t e l y 10 Billion p o u n d s o f 2 , 4 , 6 - T p e r y e a r . e "Dader t h o -presont procurement policy of " m a x loam O r a n g e h a la a c e Tbirdoo** w e o a n e x p e c t t o s a i l s i x o u r 2 7 * * 5 -- T 'production (57000,000 lbs. annually) plus 372,000 gallons of T w daa 101 Xixture if the military deasnded all the 2,4,5-T production. ^Priorities hare not been established. T h e result has boon that since commercial business Is sore profitable to tho I n d u s t r y ^ ^ h ^ i ^ l l ^ 3 p r _ t e a _ n o t b e e n o f f e r e d a r e a t h e e x i s t in example: *- * -s' * * 1. '--Between A u g u s t , 1 0 6 8 , a n d J a n u a r y , 1 9 6 7 , t h e .a i l i t a i r y has need for 2,320,000 gallons of Orasgs. e Industry has bees willing to cosait to only 1,208,000 gallons of Orange. ,|Jt The net result has been that the procurement officials have contacted Dow Government Affairs regarding 1,184,000 gals, of Tordon 101 fixture to be shipped -* f o l l o w s : (Ga l i o n s ) :*: V Aug. 25021 Dept. Oct. Kov, D e c . .* J a n . 20021 20021 2 0 0 2 1 6 7 1 6 7 2 Dow capabilities: .25021 502 1002 16-CX 16421 472 Our capabilities with present thinking on Tordon 101 is to supply tho* with 775,000 gal. rather than 1,184,000 gals, which they desire. . . k `J V o could supply tho ailitary additional quantities of Tordon 101 froa January, 1967, through Juno, 1967; howover, wo havo no lira connituont and thoroforo havo little alternative but to supply our norxal coa&orclil channels .r r 1 9 6 7 t o v o u l d b o w i l l i n g a n d h a p p y t o d e n y t h o c i v i H a n *arket T o r d o n for 1957 if vo can got a fir c o a a i t - ent froa tho ailitary soon. I Z v cn vith f i m - c o a a i t a o n t a .wo w i l l bo unable to supply tho ailitary wit h t h o i r total r o q u i r extents. -y K  G e m ili C. X. OtiB ugust 11, 1906 Vo hivo boon quoting $7.30 por p i l o n on Orango and $7.64 por pilIon oa T o r d o n 101 U i x t u r c , both oi vhich tra c o r . . `l o v o s t b o o k p c i e o a.. 3 v o a though our ootpotltor have boon quoting a loecr p r l Q Q o * Ctentpjs. I b o T T o v o I t ..is I n o u r H b e s t ~ i n t o r o s t t o e o a t i a u a P t b q u o t e $7.39 p a r p l l o n o n T o r d e n 1 0 1 lllxtur. . V h e r o o l s o o t o i e u r r o c o a o n o d a t i o n a t o ycru a n d L e w l a s o t to suggest our presontly successful stratacr on Orange and T o r d o a 1 0 1 n i x t u r d -- 5 e -- c E T n c d 7 n B u t _ r a T 5 :-- t o r a c o s M o d t o y o u a prcgran w h e r e b y s o c a n supp l a n t both Ora a go aad Tordo 1 0 1 K l x t u r e i n tisto t o s e l l tho s a x i s u s o u t p u t of o ur T e x a s T t .r f W t p l a n t w h e n I t o o m i o n s t r a a s J u n e 1, 2 8 6 7 , m" * Accordingly v s u g g e a t: 1. A s u p e r i o r ioratulation*td7 s o l d to*-tbs adlitaryy* this f o r a u l a t i o a to con t a i n 1 lb. of 'Tordos A/Z, 2 l b s . o f 2 , 4 ,5-- T / Z a n d 2 l b s . o f 2,4-D A / Z per gal l on as es.t_e_r_ s. 2. This formilation to be applied at a 2 gal. per acre .rate rather than the presently used 3 gal. per acre rate. 3. Tbo price to bo such that 3 pals, of this proposed sixturo be relatively competitive to 3 gal. of presently used Oranee. This is another sojor reason that Oranet,should approach the $7.39 per gallon price rather than tho $6.00 per gallon' price V h i l o t h e a b o v e o f f e r s a d v a n t a g e s t o Derv, t h e s t r a t e g y offers particular advantages to the ailitary which arc: 1. K o r e e f f l c l o n t 1_ _ l o n g o r l a s t i n g d e f o l i a t i o n '. 2. Adequato supplies of 2 ,4,5-T under present pro duction capabilities. 3. Logistic a d v a n t a g e s in t r a n s p o r t a t i o n and appli cation. Assuiting that tho rate.of consunption for defoliants vill continue at tho 420,000 gal. per oonth rato, vc can project tho following w i t h tho n ow formulation: V7-- * 1 . ^ ~ .. fir".> I t / C. X. Otis c Aucuat 1 1 , 1060 1507 Por*u latina 3,4,5-T A/X Tordos A/E J u l y _ Aufr. 2S01I 5001! 2 6 0 It 2602 S6012 28012 ept. 2S012 50011 2801! Oct. 2801! 5601! 2802 Xov. 2601! 55012 .2602 Doe. 2601! 5601! SSOH 22c Terautlation 2 ,4,5 - T A/ E Tordon A/E Jan. 2S01I * 560X 26011 1068 T o b . - liar.. 26012 560 a 26012 2S012 56012 2S012 Apr. 260)2 56012 2601! toy. 26012 56012 230U June 26012 56012 2601! . .'H* ro o. o o Tills pro^r not only trould Give better defoliation but vould only use up 6,720,000 lbs. of 2,4,5-T annually srbich c a n be M t by present national production. This should be of Interest i n Richmond. *. If'the eovarraant establishes priorities on Oranco, sro c a n expect to sell 45,0*10 to 5 0 , 0 0 0 lbs. of Tordon A/E per oath or n s$axlaie of 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 lbs. annually but vith thn iorocoifis roccnxncndation ve believe so can sell 260,000 lbs. of Tordon A/E per .onth or 3 , 3 6 0 , 0 0 0 lbs. annually. / V i t h the a b o v e i n n i n d l t ' b e c o n s n e c e s s a r y t h a t v e s t a g o o d f. f a i r g a r k e t p r i c o f o r O r a n g o. X a y v a h a v e y o u r : CQnm aOntC? C. A. Bryant, Rannscr Industrial Ycsctatlon Control Aci'icultural and Industrial Bioproducts Sales R e s o u r c e people presc*nt: 22a I c o l n B a r b o u r John D rana ron Bill Gill X. Y. Hanson Paul Kitty 11. G. tiltsc sk .32 JR  1* h *b t T* 1 IN THE DISTRICT COURT OP THE UNITED STATES 2 .FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OlCoKIO 3 EASTERN -DIVISION 4 5 ELEANOR C. PLAS, ). 6 Executrix, Etc., ) ) 7 .Plaintiff,. ) ) Civil Action No. C lo-9k6 8 vs. ) *> 8 RAYMARX INDUSTRIES, INC. ) ) 10 Defendant ) ** 11 12 COURT'S RULING ON GOVERNMENTSPECIFICATIONS 13 TRANSCRIPT OP PROCEEDINGS HAD BEFORE THE 15 HONORABLE JOHN M. KANOS, JUDGE OF SAID 16 COURT, COMMENCING FRIDAY, APRIL 22, 1963 17 18 APPEARANCES:-: 19' On behalf of the Plaintiff: 20 Ronald Motley, Esq. John McCarthy, Esq., and 21 Thomas H. Hart, III, Estf. 22 On behalf of the Defendant: % 23 Richard J. DiSantis, Esq. and David Hellott, Esq. - k 24 273 TUESDAY A-FTERNOOK SESSIOH -- KAY 3. 1983 CHAH3ERS DISCUSSION HR. HART: I would like to cove that any reference to Governaent specifications be stricken --- TEE COURT: What you are moving Is to strike the affirnative defense of Governaent specifications. MR. HART: . Yes. THE COURT: MR. DiSARTIS: Dick? I believethere -t.is evidence In the record froa Mr. Scowcroft that ........ / regarding the coarse of dealing with the Goveraaeat, when conpanies such as Raybesta - Manhattan would sell to the G o r e m n e n t , that they would be required to do so pursuant to the. specifications set forth by the evidence. THE COURT: The evidencethat I heard is that Raybestos - Manhattan invented the naterlal which they sold to the Governaent; they worked with the Governaent on specifications, and the * material they sold to the Governaent was the sane material they sold to the private sector. Mo 1 CERTIFICATE 2 3 4 I* Gloria A. Dixon, Official Court Reporter 5 la and for- the District Court of the United States 6 for the Worthera District of Ohio, Eastern 7 Division, do hereby certify that the shore and 8 foregoing Is a true and correct transcript of the 9 proceedings had herein. 10 11 12 Gloria A. Dixon ' 13 Official Court Reporter 14 15 1 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 a-< UcJ.- M / | q /tf 7 . fc-> *.>.*>IJ L cg -TTT^7l^3 j 1 * ~\J> IT4XJ4A hOum JA. A*T 1**4 40 ^ct a ^ `C* !.ii S/W. <--. i n-- . ., ~-XOC --67 -2 -fl 1 T? m o ir cans 2. ^31*1 M ) 19 Anr 67 ' \ ^ U ^ C c T f v i ^ -G Jc , F_ 0 1 DS^: UlO)(,P AWAXD/CCMTZACI p [ 1 1 *. ^ a n *** *ot *sv2**** oan^4 hums ua* I n Sria dui* - *- J"'Ot* is, 1. , u g t t j unci *. 1 CTr -- -- a caos| ? .iii-u PC422 DJm n Gnarx4 Supply Rlcamoed, VLrcsu 3219 1136 V i h l n x z s a . S t m t St Louis, Missouri 631m . Q' .% r * * Tlvsgpaon. C i e a i e s l s Cor? 3023 Locurt Str*x 7St. Louis, Mo. 631C3 " f*uurr cun i n lat J AMT !Q/n*L *04 caos I _! 1 12. MmWT U M fit R FIMI Dlaburalcs CiTice ICAS3 1126 V ^ a h i c s t o a Str**t St Louis, M i s s o u r i 6 3 1 ^ 1 -j -- J3 > -c- rrr<cr.C?0 gl 63 C6 2S 04300 ^ r \ \ CS 1 t f E % k i lo / 1 u ^ I . - PROCEEDINGS OF THE | FIRST . D EFO LIA TIO N CONFERENCE, . 29 - 3 0 J U L Y . 1963 - i I 6 - *-4< < i; 7; JANUARY 1964 P I 16 Secondly, ve need cuter!- 1* that will act rapidly. As General Delnore . seated, lx Is premature a: this time to say that these materials should set . . vithin an hour or a day or some other finite unit of time, but ve certainly' want them to act as rapidly as possible. 1 know that this factor vill be discussed in more .decail later.and I will say no more about It at this else. 1 It goes vlthout saying that the pat c r i s i s nust.be applicable by ground . and air spray, chat they gust be ioglstlcally feasible, and tftet thtv crust" be nontoxic to husans and livestock In the area affected, hot only should these materia la be nontcsic, but It aeess to me that it Is important that they not have any cosmetic effect. If, for example, a material had a marked red fluorescence and a number of people were obviously stained by the material, then our enemy might derive considerable propaganda value from this fact even though die individuals vere not in any vay injured by the material. In a very real sense, this program In defoliation Is a little bit unique vlth respect to the usual military-industrial collaboration. Ordinarily, in military BAD ve have a military concept that leads to the statement of a military requirement, technical characteristics, performance soeclficationa. and other strictly delimited aspects. In this program ve do not have rigidly specified characteristics. I have stated acoe of the broad requirements that a successful cefollating chemical should nave, but vithin this general - irangworc ve vill accept and use materials that'will do a job for us. In a " fev vest it may be that ve vill come up.vlth more definite specifications but at the moment ve simply solicit the assistance of you gentlemen in finding materials that can be used successfully vithin the reasonably broad aod general guidelines that General Deleore has stated and that 1 Have re- P*ced. * . . _It bas been both a pleasure asd a privilege to speak to you gentlemen this morning. Z knov that I speak for all of us vbo have responsibility in this prrgram vben Z say that ve are most gratified at th very vesderful response industry has sbevs and ve are confident that your interest end your capability vill lead to success in this program. . V> . % V .y. *u. **- v . :ji h h-- **. .. Y im iESg& & a f a r- E fjvfcitr, ^ co^nDsmu.. s v ijc c r to n a s ^c d o h OC. t a Ar*J_4-l-n, DQW/E7A AGSZMS^T 9 K*J , lfr3 fi,4,3 -T J^rn ntnUDCT 3TZCI7XCTICT frweafc at coafwscci T. C. Amtata R . C. EnfT. <7. J. flaulatl Li SUTTrateltt -- L. 0 . Vhlto, Jr. eax H. C. Pctoor -rtPSL - 37 Solldlr^ X. A. tolta -2,4,3-" - 267 CalMii?s > > 2 Tfc* preduot spoeifleatloa T e r 2,4.3-7 sali tea t w otaaffod to 1 rwio<> <rr| i-tiye.1 r X"OT* 2 ,3 ,7 ,B fcatracbicrobcoro--p-dja^lo. "~^n ecafvrroea aa twld to ilacreaz tho diaria ttddlticn to tbs paoinr c t l c a . It v a * docided to *t a ? X e*flaflVif"farotxaa o r tostine t e r ttia dicrrln l.a D_o m produatloa or- 2-, 4-,-5--tT asld. Tir proeadgro la llnu<1 troie*. IX l a araljau fra tata g3T diaria laccar 111 b t r e a c n mrn~+i -f-v abipz- nt e f 2.4 .b-TrTeblbreptonol ad rapurtod to Xf. J. Scolati bofera ti trote cor la naloodad. CbtalnlE; a n d io pern o ; ef tea eoalrala vili t o tbo r w a p o a Ubili tj o r tbo TritiilaroptrynQl P o portarat pero eneo 1. ., 2. A.spot arpia (l q oart) o f prodoatloTi 2 , 4,5-T o l d vili bfl tatara coca a m a * arai dlrlded lato tltrro parta. 2art eoo vili bo avat to Barolo Olii t o c Q L G diccela analyal. t r t tro vili bo et to L a r r y Sllvarstaln. Peri tfcroo vili ba tarpt la Lab 1 f c r a rrtalperr, ! T i spot arpia era bo oltbar tba irat o r dtried old, b ovar a r, lt arl^bt ba adriaablo to alternata tb e t a carpi* trttrnewr 7peaaibla. D r y old la rat aluajt avallatila a th* dP #t ti cot operatoci full tino and febea thia e eeora lt vili ba noooaiarj to' saepla ttoo w t ald. C carpio of w t M l d vili bo rubrrltted to tf lab ubar* lt 111 ba tfrled la tha ir a Ir a latta; o t t o . Tlia e rro drivi sepia vili tbaa bo eent to tbo pervertimi llatad aboro, A eopr ef Olila diaria aaaiTvla vili bo m t to Scalati, S il Tarato la andTSo??^ .-V,t` I:*.*-/"a..O'iiir.li(Ai i.ar.me 'It'i'r- Eh Eh IH 3 .-r --. i ' Ikf1 . lts I V v ";* ! * .r*.icl-'r>tr'i-* ic i!-*r:. l\ t * Vi-?# f. .5m , ? * if t iV .*i .a E * k ; i, ;r zy D E imTIA. istricled Pursuant der. " Agent duct Liaoility DL No. 381 jt Juris 2 2 , 1 9 ^ 5 THE DOW C H E M I C A L C O M P A N Y M I O U N D . MI CHI OAN ANALYTICAL M E T H O D THjs is x m_c c~?y. nrr c c r~ '-"~H A f `n : : c - * T tsiz::zzz. KLW.6 5 .ll THE DZ7EP.MIMATICN OF 2 . 3 .7.3>TZTHACELGHC'IIT^EIZ0-d -DT0XTII IN 2,^,5-THICHLCHPHEJCXYAETIC ACID BY-----GAS -LIQUID -CHROMATOGRAPHY B T W O a l MINI; 920 9 0 Nil 1. Scope Tl*.is nethcd i*s applicable to the determination or 2,3/7,3- "tetrachlorcdlbenpo-p-cicxin In. 2,4,5~tTichlcrcphenc:cyacetic acid. T h e dioxin can be defected at the cne p e n l e v e l with a lower limit: Of Q . 6 ppm possible sd optimum cps-aiy r.r| conditions. 2. Principle The 2.3,7.8-tetrachlorodibennc-o-- dicnin is separated f r om. t h a - 2 ^ . ^ -tr L c r .lo r o p n e n O h T a c S tic a c i d fcv n e a r s o r an e x t r a c t i o n w ith , chlc.rpipjrr:.. T h e, c h lo ro fo r m e x t r a c t i s c o n c e n tr a te d and th e n 2 .1 .7 .-terraciiorcdlbenro-p-disln_ sample is measured and compared to a known standard. 3 . S a fe ty P recau tion s 2,3,7,3-Tetrachl crcdlber.no-?-dioxin is capable of causing a severs delayed skin response (chlcracne) upon Sanpies suspected of containing any o f this compound should be handled so as to prevent all skin contact and inhalation. Wesr *---~ryjous nleves (rubber, polyvinyl chloride, etc.) ?: all v - g wnen contact.is a possibility. Clg?n all eculoment with acetone followed, by a chloroform wash. Dispose in such a manner as to p revent all' skin contact, any potentially conoammates equipment ; or materials wnlcn are not -rp-m-.y cleaned with -chlcrof crm~,~~i.e., tcweis. gloves i_=_ 4. Apparatus (a) Gas chromatograph, Aerograph A-cOO-D with flame lcniaaticn detector, Wilkins Instrument and Research, Inc., . CD 2 Walnut Creek, California, or equivalent. CDC D (b) Recorder, -0.05 to- +1.C5 millivolt, full span, one-seccnd fv 1 1 respense time-. wV ge, Hamiltcn r.ict o . or equivalent O Syringgee, Multifit 5 cc, Bectcn, Dickinsicon and Company, or ecu!valent. or ecuiv gs, Yale l A cc, S( 1 and Company, & EXHIBIT S 5 $ CONFIDENTIAL Jur.e 2 2 , 1965 D isclo su re R e s tric te d Pursuant T o C ourt O rd er. "A s en t O ra n g e " P ro d u c t L ia b ility 2 L itig a tio n , M D L N o . 3 S 1 KLW.6 5 . i l Prorerlnrp if) Cer.trifuge (g) Injector Insert, Pyrex glass for A-600-D. Available fret:.Wilkins Instrument and Research., Inc. , Walnut Creek, California (Note 11a). (h) -Column, 1/8-inch O J . , 0.08l-inch I.D., stainless steel tubing, five feet in length, .packed .with reagent 5 (c)- .:5- R eagents (a). Solid support, Chrcmoscrh.V, 60/80 mesh, Johns-Manville. (b) ,Partitioning agent,. SZ.-3 0 ,- Silicone gun .rubber-methyl . (Note.11b). (c) .Column packing, five percent by weight cf SI- 3 0 on 60/0 . .mesh .Chromeserb-W. Available from-Wilkins Instrument and Research,. Inc'Walnut'-Creek, California. id) Carrier gas,, nitrogen,, commercial grade. . (e) Chicref c m , ACS grade. (f) 2,3*7,8-Tetrachlorcdiben::o-p-dioxir, available from ..The_J5gw Chemical Ccmpar.7 , hi land, IHi'chigan. .(g). Sodium hydroxide,. 1 .N solution. -Dissolve 40 grams of reagent grade sodium..hydroxide in .one-liter of water. 6 . -Chromate grap h ic C o n d itio n s ia) /Cven temperature T 225C. b) inlet .temperature,.- 28 0 C. ', c) Carrier gas flew rate,. 75 per minute as determined -by the moving scan bubble'technique-.11 (d).Attenuation, such that a response of at least of scale is obtained from a 1 . 0 microliter sample cf a standard containing ICO micrcgrams cf 2,3,7,8 -tetracilcreditenco-p-dioxin in one milliliter of chloroform. -7 - P rep aration c f Standard ro (a) Again read Section 3- (b) W eigh,, u sin g a m icro -b a la n ce, one m illig r a m o f 2 ,3 * 7 * S te tra ch l c r e d it era o-p -d ion in in to a ten m l. volu m etric fla s k . ( c ) .D i l u t e t o th e mark w ith c h lo r o fo r m . (d) I n je c t a 1 .0 m ic r o lite r sam ple in to th e chrom atograph. See F igu re I fo r a ty p ic a l chromatogram. 04G1 8 . Procedure .(a ). W eigh 1 0 .0 grams o f th e sam p le in t o a fo u r -o u n c e b o t t l e . ( b ) .Add 2 0 .0 m i l l i l i t e r s o f c h lo r o fo r m and sh ak e f o r one heu ( c ) . P lace the so lu tio n in a c en tr ifu g e tube and, w ith preper b alan cin g, cen trifu g e fo r fiv e m inu tes. (d ) U sin g an e y e-d r ep p e r, draw o f f a s much o f th e c le a r chloroform la y e r as p o ssib le in to a tw o-ounce b o t t le . 5-1i % i J u n e 22, 1 9 S 3 -5 - -- -KLW.65-11 . * (e ) Add 25 c l . - o f 1 N sodium h y d ro x id e to th e ch loroform e x tr a c t and shake fo r 15 m inutes (N ote 11c) . . ( f ) C en trifu ge fo r fiv e n ln u te a . . ( g ) U s i n g a f i v e - m i 12 12 i t e r s y r i n g e , draw o f f a s s u c h c f -t h e b ottom c h i or c f c m ..la y e r a s . i s p o s s ib le in t o a s n a il v i a l . -Note, .t h is volum e. (h ) .-Evaporate to d ry n ess in -a -h o o d , ( i ) . T ;'alee up with, c h i o r o f o m . t o 5 -C ^ o f t h e volu m e n o t e d i n . s t e p ( g ) . *'This f i n a l s o lu tio n r e p r e s e n ts te n g r a ss c f sam ple p e r m l. .S r c f chlcrcform . (J ) I n j e c t 1 .0 m ic r c lite r in to th e chrom atograph and m easure th e resp o n se o f th e 2 , J ,7 > 8 -te tr a c h lc r c d lb e n z o -p -d io x in . -F igu re XL . shows a r e n r e se n ta tiv e chrom atogram . "* r\z >1** 1 ^Vo4te Q - * cn ."sj - -` = The- a r e a - o f t h e s a m p le . t h e 2 a3 , 7 j. 8 - t e t r a c h l c r o d i b e r r o - p - d i c x i n W. * . in ` -~-y f. #* j* V. *4 - T h e a t t e n u a t i o n Wm U*^S Wii^ X WAM s a m p l e . , e r r - n f ! f t s f . ' o f t h e P / `* J7 J.- t e t r a c h i c r o d i b e n t o - p - d ' c x i n ' n t h e s t a n d a r d . D = The area c f th e resp o n se from th e 2 , 3 , 7 ,S - t e t r a c t lo r o -- d ir e r rc-p -d io x in in the standard. - Z. = T he a t t e n u a t i o n c f t h e c h r c m a tc g r a p h f o r t h e s t a n d a r d . j rnu * . *C ^ *, ppm c f 2 ,3 ^ 7 ,S -tetra ch lo ro d ib sn ro -p -d icx in = A x3 x C D x . x 10 .0 . A c c u r a c y The a ccu ra cy o f t h is method i s ^ 5p > or l e s s , r e l a t i v e . .1. N otes o. c Ch-. h.- ct rc- (a ) C la ss i n l e t lin e r s have been found to be n e c e s sary^ w Disclosure Restricted Pursuant To Court Order. "Agent Orange" Product LJafcil.ty Litigation. MDL No. 381 ^ % to i June 22, 19&5 - -4A - M LW .6 5 . l l -(b) Silicone FS-1265 (fluro) has been found to work well as a. stationary phase. It also is available from. Wilkins Instrument and Research, Inc., Walnut Creek, California. (c) Any 2 .4,5-trichlcropheno:cyacetic acid which has dissolved i n .the chi orof o m -extract rust _be^renov ed^aS`it will interfere .with.' th4 e^ chromatographic ^^ analysis .of .r the 2,5.7.8-tetfachXaroaibengo-p- _ 12.- :Analytical Laboratory. Heferences * .'(a) Gill, E. E . " T h e Determination of Compounds Capable cf Causing.Chloroacne in 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol Process Samples b y Gas-Llcuid Chromatography , MLW.64.19, November 50, 1964. ib).Silverstein, L.,-Personal Communication. (c ) T iffa n y , ? . A ., A n a ly tic a l L a b o r a to r ie s, B ook.9 ,. .ppv. 92/ 1C2. - - -- c sjs '?. A. Tiffany E. E. Gill Analytical Laboratories 57^ Building 000403 CONFIDENTIAL Disclosure Restricted Pursuant ^ ,,A 1 Court Order. "Agent ^1 Orange" Product Uabil.ty t-'tigafion, MOL No. 381 6) ^ T Js 2 2 , 1 9 ^ 5 FIGURE I K L W . 6 5 .ll IV Ilecordfer Icoponae (pi. v#) ..* t\i CD -'rrji -i :_ cr'.t o G ; CTl ; **- CONFIDENTIAL V f t Disclosure Restricted Pursuant To Court Order. "Agent \ Orange" Product Uatul.ty '4 a 1 2 ^ 6 8 `L.tigation, MDL No. 3 S I ^u  A. June 22/ 1965 A e n u a tlc n ^2 x 10 FIGURE I I II Attenuation .Ltc 1 MLV.65.11 0 -2: -- V ' ---I .V -* . Recorder Reflponne itn.v.) Attenuat lo n "*2 x 1 G G ( Gi ' G Cl CONFIDENTIAL Disclosure'Restricted Pursuant . .<1 / To Court Order- "Agent A Orange" Product Liability I 11^1 *. mm 35 ' -tfv:. , ; v * . *;. j,;.* ^ ^ V'|* .* ... >. m ^axi: i i.u i M. .I /:'<W . h ;\r r i- , y I i 298CI .-. -i v* , ;; -- ^UJ( U u u ; *l ilibK< _ sa 3 a3IMH ihlm s53aipaii1u2u**><,fc CHit5i'es* S^St 8SS5 .* 5d^I ? I*S_ fC<*L/h ,u! CH4*a0 ? t*?rk`Q*l3 :ro.n*-i< m' m o 0c*I .SSfl 2i3|r on.ss: tMK lsa *!V >p .. P V :: 13: a 3 6 V4tWQ ti s3. P>WHl <ft M nI* v*iuH Cr inC4i*to20f|ro*M244f1i^l)0L0%oe*01ffasQr4sm-4tu*-*4,4P1 JiioKci*J>>'3 >- :n r*.i. /*!, prj" l$`L- a P V4.V m ,#*t 1>`-,' > .. > BCVKAKCM DP*nTMNT H e P C u ls S INCORPORATED IL'H K A K C H C E N T E R c c : f i r . -j. i>i. j^ai/an M r. C.- L . Dunn D r. H, A. Tav e s * Mr. A. Z. Conner W Ju ilm ne in g t 15, o 1n9, 66D e la w a r e MR. E . E . CHRISTOFANO, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT . FROM J . J . FORD, 'ANALYTICAL DIVE SION DIOXIN FORTIFIED SAMPLES FOR BIOASSAY TESTS In accordance with your letter of November 18, 19 6 5 the samples listed below are being sent to you for transmittal to Dr. Oettel of Badische, for use in the bioassay tests. Approximately .10 grams of each sample (except for the pure dioxin sample) is included. The samples are packed in four shipping containers, and the contents of .each are listed on'the.outside, of. the container. The individual samples are also clearly identified with an appropriate label. I have Indicated which samples have, .dioxin added to them, but have not shown the . . -fortification level on the label. If you wish to provide Dr. Oettel with this Information, it is included in the attached list. . It would be useful to point out to Dr. Oettel that the samples from Group 3 and Group 6 are more easily sampled if heated as indicated. .* JJF/cbb Attachment . K O K .4 5 ' * afA Mr. E. E. Christofano Page 1 Attachment June 12, 1966 SAMPLES PREPARED FOR BIOASSAY TESTS (1) Standard 2,4,5 T Acid With Added Dlor-fn Sample De signatlon XI4867-41-1 X I 4867-41.-2 XI4867-41-3 XL4867-41-4 XL4S67-41-5 O 2 5 10 20 (2) Plant Grade 2,4,5 T acid with Known IMorin Sample Designation ppm. -Dioxin 2 2 5 2 8 0 -5 6 -8 XI5 2 8 O-5 6 -9 ; 5, 1 v) Plant Grade Sodium Trichlorophenate vjith Added Dioxin ' . Fortification is based on a 35^ NaTCP Content. " Sample Designation pom. Dioxin XL5 2 8 0 -5 5 - 1 2 2 5 2 8 0 -55-2 .X152O-55-5 XI5 2 8 O-5 5 - 4 225280-55-5 : . ' - ' .0 1.2 2.4 5.7 15.0 Heating the above samples to 65C. aids in sampling. (4) Dioxin Sample - 2,3,7*8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dloxin - . ^ Designated 225280-56-IO. (5 ) '2 "Ethyl hexyl ester of 2,4.5 T with added dioxin (Brush-Rhap LV-4-0, Fortification is based on 44.1# 2.4.5 T acld;%c - * Sample Designation ppm. Dioxin 22528O-56-I XI528O-5 6 - 2 X152BO-56-3 2 5 2 8 0 -5 6 - 4 .JL528O-5 6 - 5 0 2 5 10 20 (6) lion-saponifiable fraction from wash solvent still. Designated 225280-56-7. This sample contains unreacted tetrachlorobenzene and relatives, anisol of trichlorophenol and related phenols, toluene and a sma31 amount of NaTCP. Sidwell. believes this is '8 $ n 'w o u ld en d up i n o ur, p r o c e s s . We a r e s t o r i n g -- ~ -i'"n.--* rirnmt> npp d a v . To melt, ol LAJtCH V T - T / J C r U L X T ttE W D a * COWPAMY T-J' *^7H CZ-VTLS. * EVhib/t 37 Wilrdngton, Delaware A u g u s t 2 , 1 9 ^ 5 ANALYSIS OF 2 ,4 ,5 -T ACID AND BaTCP FOR "PrCEny" IMPURITY Attached is a summary o f the an alytical data obtained to date on the "dioxin" content o f current production 2 .4 .5 -T Acid ^ron the Jacksonville P lant. Also included are the values stained fo r three NaTCP samples. At lease duplicate analyses have been performed on each sample; th is includes individual extraction and workup p rio r to gas chrocatograpfay. Values enclosed by brackets represent m ultiple injections o f the same extract. %* The values reported fo r the RaTCF are calculated on an as received, basis. I do not know the actual K&TCF ontent, Z fe e l these results fo r the HaTCP sables imply a greater s e n s itiv ity than we have demonstrated to date. These are simply the values calculated f r om a g iven response on t he GC urge o Additional work, including fo rtific a tio n and recovery, should be completed before much csqpb&als is given to a difference between 0 .2 and 0 .4 p .p .a . Portions of samples representing Lots I , g . Q^ and curre c t ' have been sent to Sow fo r aa&Ijrgig along w ith three. saraplegLto which known amounts o f dioxin hayo_bea,&ddod The remaining samples o f 2 ,4 ,5 -T Acid submitted by Jacksonville should be conpleted shortly. These results w ill be coassunicated to you, &a well as Sow*a. fin d in gs, as soon as a v a ila b le . JJ?/*es B af u Dr. M. n, Tavea Attach it " page 1 11 .* . . Dio x in values FOB SELECTED SAMPLES OP 2 .*!,5-T ACID AND NaTCP i Sample * 2, 4, 5-T Acid Dealgnatlon Lot L iDate1T"| D.p.m. Dioxin 4- 15- 65* 3.6, 2.9, 3.0 , 3.2. 3.0 Auguat 2l . 1*t5 1. ( c r rK Avcm.e ~ Vair.c 3*c | * v]' Lot M Lot N Lot P Lot Q :1C u rre n t 6- 1-65 6- 15 *65! 7- 1-,65 i 7- 19- 65, 7- 7-65 ! 1 ( 2.0 , 4. 0,4.9) ( 2. 6 , 5 .4 . 5. 1) ( 1.6 .2. 2. 2. 1) 2. 3, 2.(>, 3. 2, 3.6 . 3.3 3.7 , 2.9 ( 1 .48, 1 .8) 2.7 , 2.5 1.7 , , 9 .9 . 1. 1, 1.6 ( 1. 5. 1.2) 3. 3.0 . ~v T.t 2. a 1. 3 WaTCP Batch 202 <1- 23-65 ( . 18, . 21) ( . 25, . 23) 0.2 1 Batch 260 4- 15-65 (.'33. , 31) ( . 52, .63, .*<l) vl X13307- 95-2 4- 9-65 ( . 81, .81, .70) ( . 88, .6<l) - '!.*''v' ..V*v. vi .<>. : "*V j- ,1 0.4 o. b 1 .,y . ( i-1't' 1 6^ <sr\ ..-7r^,V } /fcctt HERCULES POWDER COMPAJfY iW- MR." H.- E. W I L D E R - -MR'. J. M. EAGAN - SYN. - W I L M MR C Xj DONN. - SYN. - WTLM. TECH. FILE '- "Sc '*-.* ^--jglhg- r e p o r t :of'^yehig'meetfng- W ith -r epresentatives of t h e Dow--r.' * --V Ch e m i c a l Company o n t h e t o x i c i t y - o f trichlorophenol.impuriti es i s - , ^ v e r y i n t e r e s t i n g ' a n d ^ p ^ _ c q u x ^ e ^ v r i l X r b e ^ h e X d ...in.confidence. .. . -Vs'r:I'*'- '-xiy' . : r *.<Jj"J . * o ! b r t X i x i e c C "`,fabi jotr-by-'teieghone-'a't' an- e a r l i e r date,' it'iVt-l," ' ':-?<.'6varb e l i e f that;- the-; temperature and ~concentration- conditions w h i c h -y ' .. . - .3'we- use:`in' --the-.production :.o -sodium..trichlorophenate. are- such, t h a t r ' V "3 *Vr`-v e r y -little^:-if a n y v of. the--compound. 2.^3 ^7.78-tetrachlorodihenzo-p-;*'-' ". JL'dioxin,-3 p r o d u c e d ,y~W e -believe .thgrt_ii: higher c o n c e n t r a t i o n s a a d r';.' gjffnHingly,. h i g h e r tem p e r a t u r e s .are employed in the p r o d u c t i o n o f *- :.i';:-T w a- molecules, of- ~Zy4 , 5 - t r i c h l o r o p h e n o l m i g h t react.* ; .:.-jai -.=.'-;., >:.d : . . #:- [/;8-t etrachljorodihenz o-p--dio -I -It is our opinion' that such a reaction would be favored by high concentrations of sodium trichlorophenate and high temperature. tc * H 0 1332 4OCW - * w H E R C U L E S POWDER. C O M P A N Y \ *."1.. H . V" ^ / I t - m a y - have .been;,a , ' f o r t u h a t e c i r c u m s t a n c e "-that' o u r : :i:` 'rV1:production- procedure^wasiiiniited ini'pressure- .by^ thei d e s i g n . " `V;characteristic's--, o f :tth~origina hives selT purchased- by/'lle'a ^ o r r ^ / ^ ^ i ^ 'pill -C o r p o r a t i o n ;pwhich,-isutomat=fcally-'f o r c e d 'nai:to\operatai\: * -at.'~l o v e r -temper atureg-'and-iowezr.ico'n'centratlons'..' A'InVany--'case*: _j the*. reactioi%-pf-caugtic'Jiritir-'syinetrica^ t e t r a c h l o r o b e n z e n e -it inethanolr s;^deii^-tely/^oth"ermic:".amd;:/since methanol;.and-" " .*' v.*:d i n e thy l^ether-r-produced- a s - sl;side Jproductr- have'* h i g h vapor-f *afc%ir E x p e r i m e n t s ' c a r r i e d ,out->`in '.a. small; (Illi tex) F a r x p r e s s u r e * ^ bomb.-''a-number.: of< years.- agovindicatecL" to -us.-.that-'i f the- c o n c e n t r a -- 'J, ration .'of* a l c o h o l -is-: t o o ".low*: -or ::i l the. c o n c e n t r a t i o n of:, caustic; i k ^ 1;.".-a "toa'-high* 'excessive: t e m p e r a t u r e s _ a n d '`pressures** a x e ^ i e a c h e d ;*e v e u a r ^ icient.'to caus&i.p y roXgtic- charring;-o7 the 'chargie-^"y.tTnder*:* t :s u c h conditions*^it?~si.'possble;-;.tp- use-_up- a l -the\ c a u s t i c v a n d . .. * \ . *,? r : ^ ' V - i : r HO ]333. Mr. T. E. Eowe Blochralcal Besearch laboratory 17Cl Building - ; Cie Bov Chesical Ccapany Midland, Michigan & & 0 Bear T. E.: *!*hnv yon for your letter or May 13 regarding Bnalysis of 2, 3, 7, 3 l.r a d d 1 have:not replied before now because 1 have not bad each to report other then^continued frustration of our analytical .people* As you probably hnov, two of our analysts Tialted Mr* 0111 In Midland -and reported a pleasant and satisfactory TieIt. In brief, the aajor difficulty vas associated vlth a difference In tba standard adjustment of the flnar lrpinger In relation to the m ission coll of tvs dlrferect models of the gas ehrcoatograsfco* It appears this Is a critical point fbr this detezrds&tlon vhlch no one e-rer anticipated, im O -ndfw g GC neaulheturers. This profalca err,-id have gone on for years. I tfaisfc ve are finally underway. ' Thanhs again fbr your help. - -_ Sincerely, JPy/esv :: cc: Mr. 2 P. Vheeler ^-bterPr^ftavley^Rj.D-- Chief Toxicologist HO EXHIBIT^ $ IT* hi b i t 4 C THE DOW C H E M I C A L C O M P A N Y M ID L A N D , u i c h ic a n February 3, 1967 To: V. K. Rowe cc: T?. I*. Corbin D. E. Pletcher J. H. Gowell From: *. J. UcCoy S. JOHNSON M 2 ,' v 3 V / . Ss/fs**/ o O ? or cr. TH O M P S O N CHEMICAL CCUPANy '. ST. L O U I S . MISSOURI Ur. M. S. Buckley of Thompson Chemical phoned Howard Sheldon February 2, indicating that he believed they h a v e a s e v e r e _chloracne problem wi.t_h_soue of their employees. He indicated that they already have two men affected and believe that they nay have two more employees that appear to be a-ffected as well. They are using Hooker*s tetrachlorobennene to make their t r i c h l o r o n h e n o l. " * Buckley w a s asking if Dow would have anv recommendations for m e dic al treatment for their employe e s . "'We do not feel friendly toward this competitor as~~far a~s busines s relationships are concerned but believe that any advice would be in order. If you concur, he would appreciate a p h o n e call and his number is Area Code 214, JE 5-660S. Jk (pS i "A'Y it* Hi. mrn^ mwi kmj TOwi . .**. -w.- TMi.%s-.. r* 11 C< !*r :f ,4ft<%'iyewamoi Vl2.^5srj7P\:; i:; s i 4 i f I I .* r- ? t'? v k 4 ?\s pF*!?^I*frK'-TS*Oa1 A.;-Mjl C XV. :*tPlF;*.bh>w^ W $ t t > 3 t "t*is T O ^ M N ' s - H hi 4 *'" *A" A !.. ilsIMllr- '''.fa'.'l M in IMD .V?::*&.A,ITV>tM!-*fli,/''yS.-'r*v .vrri$'''-*`* kKSf' P p f a i s p : c f a ; ^ ./..'v^wLn rt-vfr'i'-f.i' M: (.1 . S I, s- t O: Y.u * fll ,'i ri if } f t. S. * O f a ^ilIIIIS!l X, t r7.r] . ^-. t? -V.-'-'`-'i .y. Y\J* M i~Tf^ 4v*f[^'--< c I? c*. {1 ',*3i ! 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E. Grants General Sales .Katwger Hr. w * L Corbin* Agricultural & Industrial Bloprcducts Sales Manager iir. 7. V. Harris* Sales Manager, Chemicals Departure Mr. J- C. Tucker, Product Sales ^nager^,.Industrial CheoicalSri.'-'.-^V-,-;, Mr. C. E. Otis,.Manager, Plant Science Dept of Agri. Icdus.Bloproducts Mr. L. Silvcrsteln* Biochemical E e S e a r c h v: ^ - _-c=sss Ooedens, Chemicals Department CProdectic'v-) R. J. Mlnbi ole. General Sales Manager, t. Leu is Office rzx** t^tszy&Z-9%^z*TTxm? .':.f 1 . j . . . . n .m i Pres 1rddr:TnT"------ s1 M / ~*..^iiiSl^aa&Sg^Vice Prciic'inEj Researeb & I?svelopc?crit: ^r* pogeens expla5.ned_rjia cases of chicrr.cng b e r m csvclcpir^ In the triciUorophsnol,_gxgdRSXgr.__sl.jin? in Dccggbj^r,_l%04, r.r.d vers particularly nryciccsblg aaons aalnter:arcs esn. He said that & tv-u^crary erasure taken reduce chloracr.e teas to -charge the conditions of hydrolysis cf trtra- chlcrnbrnrene to tricnlorocbtriol, p^rticuXariy th*. lowering ef the pro* ouctlor. race to-about 2S3. cf ngrzsal.' Other steps ere being taken to;.'" /\v -prove output of chlorecr.cgen-free material and include adding ore,. P^ccjcrlon units, end caking a thorough study or optic-uo production-: conditions. ' . 'h ^^'v;*,3tein stated that an all-out effort was b-clng cads to check ;' Presence of chioracrtegens in previous batches cf trier lorophenal.EvEj .ch had been retained. He raid the method being used was sensitive - ';'. The latest analytical method has not even been b i t t e n up, sn merhod (HLU.fcA.i5'> cf Hovecber 30, HSc<f ver- presented to : ^'^apsotH^yuare,- Also, D r 0 Silverstein presented to Thospson-Hayuard; - thf'"*i3Cr enC*s *et* **Xhe Preparation of Trichlorophencxyacetic Acid Avoiding '{-5 ^ or:3 3 tIon of Chloracoc Exciters.** He offered Co ^cqualnC Thompson-- f->-ard analysts with the current trcJlhod^of__cnalysI/L for chioracnegens they would visit Midland, Michigan. ,, " *^v ersteln also etotsd that the chemical or gas chromatographic 1 fiv`Jcd f a n alysis for ch3crtcr.ttrtns w a s not &3 sensitive as the a n i o a l 3(i"^ asthod wh 1ch invra 1vrri rcnivTt>ry~~f*TTute n1TT?T7viT? Frnr< r^Kbi-c cars.- Hs ;,vj e s t e d that in fiddleion f.o sending scctor.e rsa? Chi analytical ipart sent cf Thoapcon-Kiyvjf.rd to litre Dow's tier. r-sthod, that Thoepson- Heyward' s industrial hygitr.lst clco ehr-uld visit Pou. He 'rCioncd Chat V. VM Rove vc 5 responsible for has 1th he ar ci Dew 1 ptoduc to. '*V Mr. fioedens stated that ' ? of ths oca findings rc?r.rdii:g production vert being tried cue ir> the plc-nt, and by February li? ts expected an t.-f irdiccticn if it would ctiuLc in iepreveoent ir. cu*},ity and also in V- voluc-c of trichloropiisvjoi produced. Ee ceased th.ir Qpy*; trichlcro- / " rhrr.ol in the finished fero; cs it leaves Che plant ecotained c c~~dctecCfibl cx-zv.'it ci any chiorgcr.cr-rr? '-ran. He flaid that cas rtTn^Esi^dues~i?id rc-or'.rir. sostc- & tnesa- fevortanegg; implying that cirer^e in ccehod of handling the still bogie nr- had Co be developed, Me ft It Chat a reduced * `- reduction rate C25X neural) eight rcaslo in affect three or four eor.chs v-- less g. treat through occurred. * . ' Mr. Thompson reviewed heapson-R&yvard*a c7.oerienc->_f.ri^prcduclng and 1&S&. ,,Rhen 7"tit**tViat 11s e y l l S l I l l p ^ r c d p cf tiher 3..a e1 *..wi r ir -- ----w r x am fra i _j> ----' 3 ? b^ing --- ------ He eaiT^t^iTortunately this did not prove to be Che case, a; t possibly because of Che eldest complete destruct' or- ct the plant by firy nh.ich sxav hayg--'consuoc d r.y of Chg_se__cocpounds prer-ent^ He said he was > impressed b y i & ' i n d by the quality of L-ov*s trich* _-- . ^ ? __ 1 4-- -.. I s k A A. L ^ JB ^.. L ^ #> W> 1 Mr. 7hcrcpson also stated chat he felt Thoapscr.-ricyvcvd had a firo contrac with Dow for up to 1 ail lion pounds of trichlmrc-phcncl i n 1-9-6-5-. H-e said th?. only exceptions vere acts of Cod, war, flood, strikes, or accidents. ' lie f;lt none of thcx-c, tic-u occurred, and Chat Duv vp obligated Co supply 7!iCopron-Haj-vard's requirements or to stand cr.y losses incurred by 7ho =pson-Hayward by purchasing elsewhere at higher price3. Ho Indicate.* it rppeared likely that Thcc.oscn-Hayward could_purch.&3 ?_.lgew.here, prp^ b?-.bly_frc.o Kor.se.ato vhc could furnish. about lQ..Ji^p;>:'ce1,cs of i-^opczyl JUiLzxsi. 2 .4.5 -T. - . . .-. H r. T n o cp so n tcenC icncd .thr.t u n d e r th e t e r c a o T hom pson-H ayw ard e t r l e h l o r o p h e n o l c o r .t r c c t w ith Dow, T h o c p s o n - H a y ^ s r d woa t o be charge - .e _ __ r _ _ ________ J I f /a n . \ f n '313 Jc i i i Of id Hr* Grant agriad ci;i; ihi resc or,at .-r, G n n C taid ha felt ths first probles- ter taking ej>rc cf cus to r s ns* and expressed surprise that Thc-sp?cn-Hsyward could cover Z. ir require - t t, Ka rjiriLs. He said Dow did not fsel they could do this end he v;s quite pleased that 7 ho3 pxcn~K&yw?.rxi hsd beetj stars successful* Various toys c handling the n2 d$ of both Tbocpson-Haywacd Dev verc discussed.* Kr. Thospson euggested that it eight be lest, expensive 5 to obtain 2,4,5-T acid frea Monsanto, ship it frea Dcr^ to be convert .d into ester, and then ship back tc Thoepson-Hayward than for Thoepsen- Hu, *ard to buy the ready-cade cseer froe Hons&nto. It vac decided that this vould be evaluated, but that the cost loportant point was to take care of the requireoents. Jis Doedena indicated that conversion of Che acid sight be the least expensive route. In a private discussion. Mr. Grant told Kr. Thompson that his legal staff vould not let hlo adoic any liability1, but that Dev vas & coapcoy that wanted to be fair and would try their best to work out a fair sectlcoent for 7hoapson-Hcyvrd to cover losses resulting froa Dow'e inability to supply TCP. Mr. Grant felt that Thoopsm -Hayward should seek to cover its needs for 2,4,5-7 ecid or equivalent free ether sourc as long ts Dow *s TCP supply tituauiors recainsd uncertain. $ It was agreed that 7 hcrp3 on-Hcyvcrd vould give further consideration tc the purchase of requireoents ct 2,4,5 -T esters frets other sources and then discuss the natter further with Hr. Kinbiele. Also, ell contacts with Dow preferably should b* handled, through Hr. Kinbioic* Llndlsy S. DcAtley rebruary 15, 3.965 SO 3rf 11 fiIL^ULHI11/-2 DEFENSE SUPPLY AGENCY DEFENSE GENERAL SUPPLY CENTER RICHMOND, VIRG INIA 23213 *\ w Fsfi K i l l TO DCJC-1' 23 .I.n i'jjry 1953 jUP.J.iCT: IF n -D JA -A O O -6 3 " !!* J 7 3 4 -- " p e e l f l e a l i o n AFP1D d i d 7 <uv 67 TO: C o.u.uindin^ O f f i c e r llq JAAMA (SAOU) K r . JiurcoTi .t u q u e s t y o u r corar.isnts o n t h e c h a n p .e s p r o p o s e d b> Oow C h e m ic a l C om pany t o s p e c i f i c a t i o n AFP1D d a t e d 7 NoveirL-o. l*.iA/ j s sp.c?M~7d in attach ed le tte r . - ii _ FO;l T:l COiHAiJDiii 1 2nd D ire c to ra te o f Procurement anJ Production * *s, <k <31 3tb ' I WHIMrouu .U&tMM`-*jm*urJ*V*'u%m*A'' *.1VAfftlAA< * WO3*USCOSTaiito .*.#iiA..*i*;1J 1 i 1. ,* -*Vu IrtHJMfJM'*1tivmn*JT. * ! ** %# C#h*eN V4m>m *#** tu* l'jptbfiy O0n*9*i M**f M* IH*avOsoi f0%I**f e^H fM HHloOct'uri?"trurt ffor;f*e.itIMt >M*1 Wt4umiliife*tMv*ncy VIO# AV'kAJ9te o*>r?T?>*.*#u# N f M l -- |Aft ***** f e * M , *!- ... \**>%*'* .. W1* , * *'* . * . ,* . . . ,* , r'i * , ro)i)n 0LV*L*l]PN'* BMF IL-2I3-2T K0GBKCB3 W M un>tc/TvtNt . .t eti',5i t l TMATVtN \ * ` . **- . . l>i**. .i t iVN<* * u . 1 4 H }b* i !. ,t e ** , i- ! * i i> * \ 1 JW* THUTVtWt * V . - . * . * w `I *!** JI* I J ., v * , Or ''* v f \ ?* *........... S '**' * *;* ,* `It i.lH `'M i is*r****t I f **.<* 1*'. I. . * V ,.?*xfM'A**l 2Lb*,o'?,4*D/tj2Lb.jit,4,5TAcid EquivalentsPerGeHon envi ma k d i i n i i - luhttiHtimkll'n-iiii<tIti HC< I ;I rVnu)tNt*iijiihiti.*iift*'t(rM :! I I MMlftemgtltlittwro-itiktll|*i'>4<,.llf Jil-. tttd Rii; i ln*M|(,i;tn,t.<s,lC .'.'t I N'ADE CY ttR IS S R E IL , E SC . JACKSONVILLE. ARKANSAS 72075 V .jaiHitr f . .......... NCTCONMT! -\) 'r an > `l;o not u s e uftei Jen. I, 1965" T O R D O N 101 M IX T U R E is recom m ended fo r use on u t i lit y rig h t-o f-w o y s to co n tro l u n w o n te d brush such os aspen, bai sam. birch, b lo ckbcrry, elm . hickory, honeysuckle, locust. m aple, oak. p.ne, po.son oak, sassafras, spruce, w ild cherry. ; w ild rove and m any e th e r w oody p la n t species. . U 8 B P fi Since TO RDO N h ^ 'b ic id e o m in u te c,->ontities m ay cau _ g w in g and dorm ant pent '. o t *!rw ise p e rrr.it T O * D O N ; ta m in g i t to c o n to m im te io i . USE C IB IC T IO M S b le p lo n tsn o r focontoersusc Rowers, grapes, fru t trees, i Use - g a llo n o f T O R D O N 101 M IX T U R E in 100 gallon s o f VP, including soybeans c w atc-' and apply as a drenching spray to woody plants, up to p la n ts A pplications by airy 6 o r 8 fe e t ta ll, a fte r the fo lia g e is w e ll developed. Soray p e m e rs should be c o rrie d c? sh ou ld tn o ro u g h ly w e t a ll p la n t p a rts in c lu d in g fo lio g e . stem s : -t fro m d r if t . Do n o t a p p ly by < a n d root collar For h a rd to k ill species such os ash and oak. ' * ^ gropes o r o th e r desirable : olso sproy the soil around the root collar Under good grow - sprays are less lik e ly to d r i f m g c o n d itio n s , m h u m id areos, a p p lic a tio n made up to 3 ' ^ `.^ c o n ta m in a te w a te r used f{ weeks before fro st is u su a lly e ffe c tiv e However, a p p lic a tio n *. d o m e s tic purposes. Do n o t ; m ade w h e n the fo lia g e has lo st its n o rm a l green colQr a n d ^...i lVers, seeds, in se cticide s* fui vigor m ay not give sa tis fa c to ry results ' cause o f the d iffic u lty of and o th e r equipm ent follov NO TE TO R D O N 10! M IX T U R E w ill not m ix w ith oil. T O t t O N 101 M IX T U R E , sut TR A D E M A R K / ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: 4-mlo-3.5.6-tTlciil*r*pJc*4(ic #Wt i Hi triln y n y i m l i i U m R ____ 3.4- WtcMoroyIh m t w H< *M m Hm I t -------------------- IN ER T INGREDIENTS ...............- .............. AC ID EQUIVALENTS-: 2 .4 - 4 lc lil r fk M i)r H ( .............. .. 5.7 % 21.2 % tK. T O DOM 10.2 % 3 9 .6 % 5 0 .2 % 96- 1 160 P r i n t e d In U .S .A . in Pebruary 1964 REPLACES SPECIM EN LABEL 8 6 -1 1 6 0 . M IN T E D IN JUNE 1963 . THE ONLY COPY CHANCE C0HCE1NS A R E V IS IO N OP THE IN C IE D IENT STATEMENT. I *f' ft "I `W P DGH5SG-J EISLidS PBICA0TIOMS i r b i c i d e one! 2 * C a r c h i g h l y p o t e n t , e v e n is moy c a u s e d o ' x i j c t o p l a n t s d u r i n g b o t h nont periods rh rrefo re. do not a p p ly or F O R D O N J01 M I X T U R E or spray m ist conm ir s a t e soil usei fc g r o w d e s ir a b le s u s c e p ti> ntoct suscepr*t>i< p la n ts s u c h as v e g e ta b le s , u i t t r e e s , ol r n a m e n t a l s , c o t t o n , b e a n s o f a l l soybeans and other desirable broadleaved pns by airplane, ground rigs and hand dis; c a rrie d o ut o n ly w h e n th e re is no h a z a rd a p p ly by irplane m the v ic in ity of cotton, desirable susceptible vegetation Coarse d r if t 1. Do not a llo w the m a te ria l to ` er t -cd f<^r irr-g a io n . d rin k in g o r o th e r Do n ot jto re neur food, fee d stuff, fe rtitic id e s * fu n g it ftn or b lh e r pesticide s Be:f ic u lt y of; th o ro u g h ly c le a n in g sprayers *ent fo llo w in g its use fo r a p p lic a tio n o f CTURE, Such eouipm ent should nor be used . fo r applying other m aterials to desirable p la n ts Shipping c o n ta in e rs should n o t be re-used fo r o th e r m a te ria ls w h ich m ay be opplied ip desirable plants. N o t e - Be sure th a t a ll use o f T O R D O r f 101 M I X T U R E co n form s to local regulations. H A R M F U L IF S W A L L O W E D CAUSES EYE IR RITATIO N M A Y CAU SE S K IN XRITAT IO N A v o id C e e te c t M i Eye, SA in a n d C lo th in g In ( * m et contact, Heeh eyes eaW hin eritfc' plenty ef water; for rre t fret w eJIeei attention. I m i r t jre eely oententinetad clothing end frO R I OUT Of TH MACH Of CHILDMN A N p ANIMALS . NOT ICl Seller makes no w a rro n ty o f any k in d , express or im plied, co nce rn in g the use o f this p ro d u c t Buyer assumes a ll risk o f use or h andling, w h e th e r m accordance w ith d ire c tio n s or not U. S. P a te n t N o 2,453,983 . AIM 3 0 G atteas THB D O W CHBflflICAL C O M P A N Y MIDLAND, MICHIOAM MIDLAND DIVISION 3*1 H gR C U LH S IN C O R P O R A TE D ' . ' . I L M l M , l i . ' N i . C L A W A U r 1 O B !) f t L E P H O N f ' U V . 6 S fi !) 0 I I October 25, 1967 y~?r a * '- -'Ux fsfi M r. W. E . Vandeventer SAAMA Attn: SAOQT K e lly A FB T e x a s 78 2 41 San Antonio, T exas Dear Mr. Vandeventer: Under separate cover we have sent you four (4) copies of proposed S p e c if ic a t io n s f o r p ro d u ct OR A NG E. *.Ve b e l i e v e t h e s e a r e both p r a c t ic a l and sufficiently rigid to be acceptable to industry and to the government agency concerned. A ttached to each o f the four co p ies is a *set of auxilliary notes presenting supplem ental inform ation for those portions where the change or addition seem ed to require a bit of explanation. There may be som e points which m erited explanation but didn't get it; if so, please let m e know and wc w ill provide it. We would appreciate any com m ents you m ay have and stand willing to discuss any or all parts. It certain ly was a pleasure to have you v isit in Wilmington with us. We felt it was a very constructive m eeting and appreciated the opportunity to exchange thoughts on this very im portant m atter. P lea se call me if you have any questions or wish clarification on any points. Very truly yours, Attachments RBS:alc R. B. Scott Director of Development 9 2>3 t 7 '4 3 2. 2 Other Publications The reference to the A ssociation of Official Agricultural C hem ists (AOAC), Tenth Edition, 1965 was omitted since the proposed S p ecification s do not include the Cl assay procedure. 4. 4. 2 For Test Lot s iz e s would g e n era lly be expected to be l e s s than 545 55-gallon drums due to p h ysical lim itations for tankage and m ixing equipm ent, thus lo t s iz e was cut off at that point. F o r those instances 'w here lot size exceeds 545 drum s, the Sample Size would be determ ined by m ultiplying the Lot Size by 0. 015. 4. 5. 2 For T est A lte r n a tiv e sam p lin g p roced u res w ere contem plated but hot Included. For exam ple, a snap sam ple from each of several drums of a lot, put together in one sam ple container would resu lt in only o n e. actual sam ple for a n a ly sis, thus reducing the number of analytical determ inations required; only one duplicate set need be run, generally. A l s o s o m e thought was* g iv e n to c o l le c t i n g a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e by com positing sev era l sam p les taken during the filtering step, or during operation. These perhaps m erit further fconsideration. 4. 6. 1 Composition - The infrared spectrophotom etric procedure for determination o f n-butyl 2, 4-D e ste r and n-butyl 2, 4, 5-T ester contents of ORANGE is co v ered in paragraphs under the 4. 6. 1 heading. Word has been passed on to us that the Philadelphia laboratory has been quite happy with the m ethod and it has w orked w ell in their hands. We believe it w ill be an em inently satisfactory method with regard to accuracy, precision, sim plicity and time per analysis. 6 .3 Information A few additional notes covering other relevant aspects of ORANGE have been included. Although flash point, freezin g point, and v isco sity should not be sp ecifications, these characteristics are de sirab le to know, for guidance purposes. O ctober 24, 1967 % * MILOctober 24, 1967 fSR - MILITARY SPECIFICATION DEFOLIANT; ORANGE 1. SCOPE AND CLASSIFICATION 1, 1 S c o p e . This sp e c ific a tio n c o v e r s one type of defoliant. 1.2 Classification. Orange is a mixture of equal parts by weight of technical n-butyl 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (n-butyl 2,4-D ) and technical n-butyl 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxyacetate (n-butyl 2 ,4 ,5 - T ) . 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 Government Docum ents. The following documents, of the issu e, in e f f e c t o n th e d a t e o f i n v i t a t i o n f o r b i d s Qr r e q u e s t f o r p r o p o s a l , f o r m a p art' f this specification to the extent specified herein. SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS FEDERAL P P P -D -729 - / Drums: Metal, 55-Gallon (For shipment of non-corrosive material). F E D -S T D -595 - Colors. MILITARY M IL -ST D -105 - Sampling P ro ced u res and Tables for in s p e c tion by attributes. (C opies of specifica tio n s and standards required by suppliers in connection with sp ecific procurem ent functions should be obtained fr o m the procu rin g a ctiv ity o r a s directed by the contracting officer.) * MIL- T-'MG 2.2 Other Publications. The following documents form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherw ise specified the issu e in effect on the date of invitation for bids or request for proposal shall apply. AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING MATERIALS (ASTM) ASTM Standards "D 6 6 4 - M e t h o d o f T e s t f o r N e u t r a l i z a t i o n N u m b e r by Potentiom etric Titration. D1533 - Method of T est for Water in Insulating Liquids (Karl F isch er Method). (Application for co p ies should be ad d ressed to A m erican Society for T esting M aterials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia 19103.) UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIAL CONVENTION, INC.. - "n. ` . The Pharm acopeia of the United States of Am erica (USP) Sixteenth Revision, I960. (Copies of the USP m ay be obtained from the Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pennsylvania 18042.) UNIFORM CLASSIFICATION COMMITTEE Uniform Freight C lassification Ratings, Rules, and Regulations. (Application for copies of these freight classification rules should be addressed to the Uniform Classification Committee, 202 Union Station, Chicago, Illinois 60606.) 3. REQUIREMENTS 3. 1 Material. 3. 1. 1 Com position. The composition of the defoliant, "Orange" s h a ll a p p r o x im a te a 50To-50% m ix tu r e by weight of technical n-bulyl <13 2 2, 4 -D and tech n ica l n-butyl 2 , 4 , 5 - T e s t e r s . The percent by weight of technical n-butyl 2, 4-D and the percent by weight of technical n-butyl 2, 4, 5 -T p resen t in the m ixture shall each be 47. 5 percent m inim um when tested as sp ecified in 4 .6 . 1 etseq .; the total content of technical n-butyl 2, 4 -D and n-butyl 2, 4, 5 -T p resen t in the m ixture shall be 95 percent by weight minimum. 3 . 1 . 2 A ppearance. The defoliant snail be a clear, am b er to dark red-brown colored liouid. 3.2 Free Acid. The f r e e m in e r a l a cid content of the defoliant sh a ll not be g r e a te r than 0. 5 p e r c e n t and IT W A S ORArJG-E COLORED. W H ti\l SPRAYED The total fr e e acid of the defoliant shall not be greater than 1. 5 percent, when tested as specified in 4. 6.2. 3. 3 U n d isso lv ed M atter. The defoliant shall be co m p letely soluble and sh a ll show no evidence of u n d isso lved m atter when tested a s s p e c i f i e d in 4. 6 ; 3: .. ~^ 3 .4 M oisture Content. The m oisture content of the defoliant shall not be g r e a te r than 0 . 2 percen t when tested as sp ecified in 4. 6.4. 3 .5 Specific Gravity. The specific gravity of the defoliant shall not be l e s s than 1 . 275 nor m o re than 1. 295 at 20/20 C. when tested as sp ecified in 4. 6. 5. 3. 6 W e ig h t p e r G a ll o n . T h e w e i g h t p e r U. S. g a l l o n o f the defoliant shall be not le s s than 10. 62 nor m o r e than 10.79 pounds. The weight per gallon shall be calculated by multiplying the specific gravity, observed in 3 .5 , tim es 8.33. 3. 7 Preproduction Sample. When specified in a contract or purchase order, a preproduction sample of the defoliant shall be submitted for examination and tests. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS MIL- t;7r; 4 3 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection. U nless otherwise specified In the c o n tra c t or p u r c h a s e o r d e r , the s u p p lier i s r e s p o n s ib l e for the perform ance of all inspection requirements as specified herein. Except as otherwise specified, the supplier may utilize his own fa cilitie s or any c o m m e r c ia l laboratory accep tab le to the G overnm ent. The G overnm ent r e s e r v e s the right to perfo rm a ny of the_inspections set forth in the specifications w here such inspections arc deem ed n e c e ss a r y to a ssu r e supplies and serv ices conform to prescribed requirements. 4. 2 Special Provisions. 4. 2. 1 Alternative Inspection. The supplier may utilize any alternative inspection procedure which will insure equal or better assurance of quality by submitting a written proposal, with justifica tion, and obtaining w r itte n approval fro m the G o v ern m en t p r io r to instituting the p r o c e d u r e . In cas*c of dispute the p r o c e d u r e s o f this specification shall govern. 4. 2. 2 Objective Evidence. The supplier shall provide evidence a c c e p t a b l e to the c o n t r a c t i n g o f f i c e r that the r e q u i r e m e n t s o f s e c t i o n 3. and s e c t io n 5. have been sa tisfie d . r *' 4 .3 Lotting. A lot shall consist of the defoliant mixture, produced by one m an u fa ctu rer under e s s e n t ia lly the s a m e m a n u facturing conditions and with no changes in -m a t e r ia l- , with the following additional limitations: (a) When produced by a continuous p r o c e s s , the defoliant mixture produced within a 24-hour period shall constitute a lot. (b) When p roduced by a batch p r o c e s s , e a c h batch shall constitute a lot. (c) When the defoliant mixture cannot be identified with either of the above conditions, all defoliant m ixture offered for acceptance at one time shall constitute a lot. 4. 4 Sampling. 4 <S % 7TT? MIL- 7 fM 9 4 . 4 . 1 F o r E x a m in a tio n . Sam pling shall be conducted in a c c o r d ance with MIL-STD- 105. 4 . 4 . 2 For T est. Sample containers shall be taken at random from each lot as follows: Lot Size 1 Container 2-275 Containers 276-545 Containers Sample Size 1 2 3 The sam ple siz e for lots exceeding 545 55-gallon drums shall be determ in ed by multiplying the number o f containers in the specific lot by 0. 015. The n u m b e r r e s u l t i n g , 1. 5 p e r c e n t o f the n um ber o f containers, r ep resen ts the number of sam p le containers which should be taken at random for examination. 4. 5 Inspection Provisions. 4. 5. 1 For Examination. The preparation for delivery shall be exam ined in acco rd a n ce with the c la ssific a tio n of defects and MIL-STD-105. , - ` *N. 4. 5. 2 F o r T e st. Two s e p a r a te . 2 5 0 - m i sa m p le s shall be r e m oved from each sam ple container and placed in a clean, dry container labeled to identify the lot and the container from which it was removed. E a ch sa m p le shall be teste d as specified in 4. 6 . 4 .5 .3 Classification of Defects. 4 .5 .3 .1 P r e p a r a t i o n for D e l i v e r y (Section 5). Categories Defects Acceptance Standard Critical: None defined Major; AQL 1.0 percent defective 101 C o n ta in e r c l o s u r e i n c o r r e c t 102 M a r k i n g i n c o r r e c t o r i l l e g i b l e -5- IIj! % * nwf >W4Uumwirau a.-* MIL- (i7-:;5o 4 .6 T ests. T ests shall be conducted as follows: 4. 6. 1 Composition. 4 .6 . 1.1 Method. This m ethod is based upon infrared absorption a t 12. 5 m i c r o n s ( 8 0 0 c m " ^) f o r t h e 2, 4 - D e s t e r and 8 . 8 m i c r o n s ( 1 1 3 5 c m ^) f o r the 2 , 4 , 5 - T e s t e r . B o t h a b s o r p t i r n band s a r e a sso cia ted with the substitution on the arom atic ring. Known m ixtures of the 2, 4 - D and 2 ,4 ,5 - T refi rence standard esters are used to calibrate the spectrophotometer. This is done because a b a se -lin e shift is noted when the two components are mixed. 4. 6 . 1. 2 A pparatus. (1) Infrared S p e c tro p h o to m e te r - Beckm an IR -4, or equivalent. (2) A bsorption c e l l s , scaled,' 0. 1 m m . light path, with 6odium chloride (NaCl) windows. Two are required. 4. 6 . 1. 3 R e a g e n t s . C arbon d i s u lf i d e (CS), ACS R e a g e n t Grade or Spectro-Grade. 4.6. 1.4 Reference Standards. * (1) n-butyl 2 , 4 - D e s te r , F ed eral R eference Grade. (2) n-butyl 2 , 4 , 5 - T e ste r . Federal R eference Grade. 4. 6 . 1. 5 C a lib r a tio n o f IR S p e c t r o p h o t o m e t e r . Weigh accurately sufficient amounts of each reference standard ester into 1 0 -m l volum etric flasks to give the following known m ixtures: 2, 4-D L s le r 2,4, 5-T Ester 0. 45 g. 0. 50 g. 0.55 g. 0. 50 g. 0. 55 g. 0. 45 g. * A supply of each of the F ederal R eference Standard esters may be obtained upon request d irected to the Contracting Officer. 6 Rl mil- - Add carbon disulfide to the mark, stopper and m ix c a r e fully. Avoid lo ss of CS^ by im proper closure or seepage due to liquid expansion by heat from handling. 4 .6 .1 .5 .1 C alib ration for 2 , 4 - D E s t e r . Using a pair of 0. 1 m m . NaCl sealed c e lls , obtain the spectrum of each of the known m ixtures from 13. 5 m icrons (742 cm . ) to 11.5 microns (870 cm. " ) versu s C S2 contained in the referen ce beam of the spectrophotom eter using standard instrument conditions. D eterm ine the absorbance A A ' for each of the known m i x t u r e s by d r a w i n g a t a n g e n t b a s e l i n e f r o m 32. 75 m i c r o n s ( 7 8 5 c m . " *) to 12. 30 m ic r o n s (815 c m . " *), and m e a s u r in g the different e in absorbance from the baseline to the m axim um at 12. 55 m icron s (800 cm . Plot a calibration curve of these values for the/j^A versu s the mg. /m l. of the 2, 4 -D e ste r in each known mixture. 4 .6.1.5.2 Calibration for 2 , 4 , 5 - T E ster. Using the sam e pair of s e a l e d N aC l c e l l s , obtain the s p e c t r u m fr o m 9. 5 m i c r o n s (1050 cm . to 8 m icrons (1250 cm. for each known mixture versus an approxi m a te ly 48 to 50 m g . / m l . solution of 2, 4-D re fe r en ce standard e ste r in C S2 in the photom eter r e fe r e n c e beam using standard instrum ent conditions. Determ ine the absorbance ^ A for each of the known m ixtures as follows: A A = A 8. 8/2 ( 11 35 c m . " *) ^ 8 . 65/c. ( 1160 c m . "*) w h e r e A g g^io i s th e o b s e r v e d a b s o r b a n c e f o r the CS solution of the known m ixture at 8 . 8 m icrons a n d A s . 6 -j/V. i s t he o b s e r v e d a b s o r b a n c e o f t h e s a m e solution at 8. 65 m icrons. - Plot a calibration curve of the values for A A v e r su s the m g. / m l . of 2 , 4 , 5 -T e s te r in each of the known m ix tu res. <=* F i g u r e 1, ( 4 . 6 . 1 . 5 . 3 ) i l l u s t r a t e s the i n f r a r e d s p e c t r u m o f a t y p i c a l sample of "Orange." 400 Figure 2, (4.6. 1 .5 .4 ) illustrates typical calibration curves. 7 SR H NO. 340MO OICTIOCN OrtAPII PAl'tn 0 X *0 PCD INCH ' CUOCNC OltTIOCM CO MCl IMu. ft. A. .MIL- 4 . 6 . 1. 6 P r o c e d u r e for "Orange" T h e p r o c e d u r e s outlined in 4. 6 . 1 . 6 . 1 and 4. 6 . 1. 6 . 2 should be ap p lied in duplicate to the sample of Orange. 4 .6 . 1.6. 1 2 ,4 -D Ester Content. Weigh accurately a sufficient amount of the Orange defoliant to give a solution that contains 100 m g . / m l . ( 1 . 0 g. in 10 m l. ) in carbon disulfide. Obtain the spectrum of this solution from 13. 5 to 11, 5 m icro n s using the sam e NaCl ce lls and instrum ent conditions as outlined und er 4. 6 . 1. 5. 1 and 4. 6 . 1. 5. 2. C a l c u l a t e the A, A f o r t h e 2 , 4 - D e s t e r in the s a m e m a n n e r a s d e s c r i b e d under 4. 6 . 1. 5. 1. U sin g the v a lu e s of A A o b s e r v e d , read the corresponding amount of m g. /m l. of e ste r p resen t in the Orange solution from the 2 ,4 -D calibration curve. Calculations: ' m g. /m l. of 2. 4 - D e ste r found x 100 = % 2 , 4 -D E ste r in Orange mg. /m l. Orange in sam ple sol. where m g. / m l . of 2, 4 -D e ste r found value read from ' calibration curve. 4. 6. 1.6. 2 2 ,4 , 5-T Ester Content. Prepare a compensating solution of the 2 , 4 - D e ste r referen ce standard containing from 45 to 50 m g . / m l . in carbon disulfide, approximately equal to the concentration of 2 ,4 - D e s te r calculated to be present in the Orange test solution. Obtain the spectrum of the sam ple solution of Orange fr o m 9 . 5 m ic r o n s to 8 . 0 m ic r o n s v e r s u s the prepared compensating solution o f 2 , 4 - D ester in the r e feren ce beam , using the sam e NaCl s c a l e d c e l l s and in stru m en t c o n d itio n s a s outlined under 4. 6 . 1. 5. 1 and 4. 6 .1 .5 . 2. Calculate the A A for the 2, 4, 5-T e ste r in the sa m e m a n n e r a s d e s c r i b e d under 4. 6 . 1. 5. 2. U s i n g the o b s e r v e d A A v a l u e , read the corresponding value o f m g. / m l . of 2 ,4 , 5 -T e s te r from the calibration chart. % 8 lo I t-rrz rtt. a.'L.' J r 2>3</ MIL- V> ( Calculntions: --m efi-.--/--m---lj--. o---f 2--,--4---,-5-----T- :--e--s--t-e--r----f-o5-u--n--d-- x----1---0-0 =. %w 2, , 4, , 5r - Tm E^ s t.e r m g ./m l. Orange in sample sol. in Orange where m g. / m l. o f 2 , 4 , 5 - T ester found = value read from the calibration curve. 4.6. 1 . 7 P r e c i s i o n of M eth od . The 95% confidence le v e l for a sin gle determ ination by this m ethod is 1 . 8% for each ester; for the a v e r a g e o f d u p l i c a t e a n a l y s e s t h e 95% c o n f i d e n c e l e v e l w o u l d b e t 1 . 3 %. 4 .6 .2 F r e e Acid. D eterm in e the free m ineral acid and total fre e acid present in the defoliant using the apparatus and procedure for strong acids specified in ASTM Standard T est Method D-664 or any other standard method, using ACS grade isopropyl alcohol or USP ethyl alcohol as the solvent and 0. 1 N sodium hydroxide as the titrant. T itra te f ir s t to a pH of 3. 5 and r e co r d the v olu m e (V) of alkali used. Then continue the titration to pH 7. 5 and record the total vo lu m e ( V^) of alkali u s e d .- Calculate the percent free m ineral acid and the percent total fr.ee acid using the formula; A js.22.10 v N W a "2- 2 2 . 1 0 W V 1 N where A j is the percent free m ineral acid (calculated as 2 ,4 -D Acid) A is the percent total free acid (calculated as 2, 4 -D Acid) V i s m i l l i l i t e r s o f 0. 1: N N a O H to pH 3. 5 V I is m illilit e r s of 0. 1 N_ NaOH to pH 7. 5 N is normality of NaOH solution \V is weight in g r a m s of sa m p le taken for the test. 22. 10 is the appropriate factor of the m o le c u la r weight of 2 , 4 - D Acid. ft I 62. MIL- * 4 .6 .3 Specific G ravity. D eterm ine the specific gravity of the s a m p le by m e a n s of a suitable h y d r o m e te r , pycnom eter or other standard procedure which is accurate to four significant figures. Perform the test after cooling or warm ing the sam ple to 20C. . t l ; j 4 .6 .4 U n d is s o lv e d M a tt e r . D i s s o l v e 10 parts of the s a m p le by v o l u m e in 40 p a r t s o f r e a g e n t g r a d e b e n z e n e (C,Hg,). T h o r o u g h l y agitate or s tir the m ixture and visu ally examine the solution for evidence of undissolved matter. 4, 6. 5 M oisture Content. D eterm ine the m oisture content of the sa m p le in accord ance with ASTM Standard T est Method El 333 or any other standard Karl Fischer method, using anhydrous methanol as the solvent. 5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY 5. 1 Packing. 5 .1 .` l L evel A (surface transportable only). The mixture 6hall be packed in a 55-gallon drum conforming to type 1 1 of P P P -D -7 2 9 . ' Drum s shall not affect nor be affected by the m aterial contained. . 5. 1 . 2 Le ve l A (air transportable). `The m ixture shall be packed " in a 5 5 -g a llo n drum conform ing to ICC 17C requirem en ts. Interior and exterio r s u r fa c e preparation and finish shall be as specified in P P P -D -7 2 9 . D r u m s s h a l l not a f f e c t n o r be a f f e c t e d by the m a t e r i a l contained. j j j .1 ; 5 , 1. 3 L e v e l C. F ifty -fiv e gallons of m ixture sh all be packed 1 in a manner to insure carrier acceptance and safe delivery al destina- j tion. Containers shall be in accordance with Uniform Freight j C lassification R atings, R u les, and Regulations, or regulations of other c a r rie rs applicable to the m ode of transportation. Drums shall ! not affect nor be affected by the m aterial contained. w THEY . LcLPuCED 5 . 2 M a r k i n g . E a c h d r u m s h a l l be m a r k e d i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h FRo m Thc instructions from the appropriate governm ent agency plus one orange S O f \ 5G^ band, approxim ately three inches wide, encircling the drum at the center line (between the rolling hoops). The orange color used shall match as closely as possib le No. 32246 of Fed-Std-595. 5 , 3 Identification Marking. Each drum shall be marked as sp e c ifie d in 5 . 2 and in addition-shall include the m anufacturer's lot or batch number. 10 ft : IC3 MIL- '' >o - 6. NOTES 6. 1 Ordering Data. Procurem ent documents should specify the following: (a) Title, number and date of tills specification. (b) L e v e l of packing required. (c) Whether air transportable drums are required (see 5.1). (d) P rep ro d u ctio n req u irem en ts (when req' vred). 1. Quantity required 2. Tim e allowed for subm ission of sam ples for G overnm ent test and evaluation after award of contract. 3. - N am e and address of test facility when t e s t in g is p e r fo r m e d by the G overnm ent. ._* 4. _ S h i p p i n g i n s t r u c t i o n s w h e n a p p l i c a b l e . 5. T im e required for the Government to notify - the su pp lier whether or not to p r o c e ed with production. 6. 2 Batch. A batch is defined as that quantity of m aterial which has been manufactured by som e unit chemical p rocess or subjected to som e physical m ixing operation intended to make the final product substantially uniform. 6 .3 Information. ' M aterial otherwise meeting the sp ecifica tions set forth herein for "Orange" will exhibit the following ch aracter istics, approximately: Flash Point: The flash point as determ ined by the T agliabuc Open Cup Method lie s above 230F. (110C .), sin ce no fla sh in g o c c u r s up to and including this tem perature. 11 fos 33^ MIL- w;s3 Freezing Point: Orange will tend to freeze below -2 6 F . ( - 3 2 C .) wh en permitted to stand at that temperature for several days. Seeding or agitation at this te m p e r a tu r e will speed up the r e la tiv e ly slow process of crystallization. V iscosity: The v is c o s ity in centipoise of Orange has the appro x im a te v alues at the t e m p e r a tu r e s given: 15C. - 4 . 0 cp. ; 25C. 2 .9 cp. ; 35C. - 2 .5 cp. This information is deemed useful in consideration of use and handling of the m aterial. 6.4 Precaution. IMPORTANT. For procurement of herbicide for u se on lands owned by, or otherwise managed a3 m ilitary installations, use Federal Specification 0 -H -200. Defoliant procured by this specification m ust not be diverted to domestic use. CUSTODIAN: PREPARING ACTIVITY: Project No. 1380- 1I .11 ' '' \ % i I i * 10$ 12 33* .<\ 'fdi;IrV. K-'Jt7 V V 'C3 Monsanto CO M PANY 000 !.liftdbtrgh Dcwl*vi>d St. Loui>. M.&*un C316C OMi 4-1000 January 3 0 , If.'50 Fsn Col. Edv/ard Z. Bartlett, USAF Director, Procurement and Production Defense Supply Agency Defense General Supply Center Richmond, Virginia RE: RFP DSA-*00-68-R-3785 dated 22 December 1967; proposal of Monsanto Company in response thereto dated 15 January 1968; Monsanto Company teletype dated January 19, 1958 and DGSC teletype received January 2^, 1958. Dear Colonel Bartlett: -- ... . *V* This letter will detail the clarifications requested by you in referenced DGSC wire, with respect to Paragraphs 3.1?.1* 3.2 and 4.1.1 of ASPJD 6840-1 dated 7 November 1957. ;!J` PURCHASE DESCRIPTION 0? ORANGE FSC 68^0 Reouirements '-MW, f$f. 3-1.1 '`a.i.-^v/lt should be clear that purity of the N-Butyl T and N-Butyl_D ..'`fe-//-esters is on an acid equivalence basls--not IK: if the letter, i9 V '* then the assay limits will be lower and should be agreed to by Monsanto. \ .-.-a v -- ' The specification statee that purity of K-Butyl 2,4,5-T, speclfi- .-.cation MIL-H-511^8, shall be 98.C# minimum by weight. Assuming `assay on an acid equivalence basis is intended, this' limit should be stated as 9y 7t . 6f>? mlli.iL4nAiJ.miUuUIm, bk/eCUcUaWuWsWe^twhnet Vori igiLnJICa.lJ. specif4 i cation gave total acid equivalence as 30-82;* r.r.d'-SO X 300 * 97~$5^uC^ f- < s is; * 0? ft ___ Juae:;:- r: s $ & Col. Kdward J. Bartlett 2- - Jf.nuary' 30, loO?. b. Purity of 99*05 minimum acid equivalence bar.- is not correct. HIL-H-51147 provides acid equivalence IJ.v.Jtn o_T__7_C>r_3o; and 78------;----------- "------------- ---1-- -- -- -- BO X 100 = 9 7 . 5 % minimum. In addition, under b of this sane paragraph 3-1.1 It is stated that acid equivalence shall be not less than 79.95 nor more than 80.05. This percentage range is impractical because 79*765 is theoretical.' The 79.95 figure may represent a typographical error; the Defense Department may have intended 790-80.05. Although the 79.0-oO.05 range differs from MIL-H-51147, we can accept 79.0-80.05. Then 7Q X ICO *= 93,755 minimum assay acid equivalence basis. 3.2 Finished Mixture (Orange) 3.2.2 - Free Acid The specification provides that the maximum free acid calculated as 2,4-D acid be dropped to 0 . 5 5 by weight. This requirement will lengthen the manufacturing; process, resultlnr.~in lCW er'~pradtrartTo'n. The limit cnould be l.tr-i maximum, if the~0.p5 figure was intended to reduce corrosion, there will be no difference in corrosion to aircraft when spraying Orange containing i.u5 or 0.55 free fv/eak- o^gartic) ld. "/C H5V5 previously gone on record as objecting to reducing the acid equivalence of 2,4,5-T ester to. 0.55 max. and the acid^qulvalence of finished Orang to 0.55 m a x . . The 0.55. max. U n i t does not allow for any hydrolysis during storage and .blending ..o.f orange.. ~7 4. Quality Assurance Provisions 4.1.1 - Composition There is not enough detail here. We agree tb assay by IPL_or cQul'valcr.f'as stated! however^ the- dtails of standardi~2Tng the qgp'e'CtophotoqTOter or equivalent equipment are not given. In addition, the acceptability limits by instrumentation for the two esters are not stated. .We propose that limits for these two esters not bo absolute, but be stated as follows: (l) True, technical Butyl 2,4-D ester by instrumentation range 45-495; (2) True Butyl 2,4,5-T ester range 45-51.55; or the assay limits of the two esters could be stated on a technical basis, either percent by weight or percent by volume. The attached correspondence between C. H. Bussell, Monsanto rnmnanv- and Mr. w. J Wisw^sser. U s . Bfologica_l_Laboratory, F o r t Detrick. Maryland, will help clarify Instrumental assay limit's o'fD'range.- The attachments are C. H. Russell's letters % 0 1 -r-- T. -uv-uvf L'1.-Zl`yu';;j; Or> ATTACHMENT BID NO. D S A 4 0 0 -6 6 -R -3 7 S 4 Changes necessary to permit compliance of product under specifications for: llERBICIDS - ORANGE Pape 6, Item T.I.l, paragraph a . After the word "weight", add -- -and assay may be performed by saponification-back titration-- . Pace 6, Item 3.1.1 paragraph b . Change the la6t line to read --shall no t be less than 7 ). 0% nor mor e than 0.07, and assay m a y be performed by 8aponlfiC3tion-back ti trati on.--- Faoe 7, iLtn T.?.3 Viscosity. ^Eliminate completely. The product is a mixture of technical esters and nothing can be done to control viscosity. Page 7, Item 3.7.6 Total Acid Equivalent (ns 2.&.D Acid). Change "Jl.OT. mini mum by ueii^ht'' to read --- 90.5`JL minimum by weight-- (i'peci fication HIL-H-5123JA, submitted to The Dow Chemical Company For review, was reissued under date of June TO, 1967 xjith the ebove change.) Page 7. Item A.1.1 Composition. Eliminate completely. Infrared determination of composition is not acceptable since no definition ot the standards to be used. the wave length to be used, and the limits of acceptance have henn,,apre.2J ,upon. Page 7, Item A.1.2 Free Acid. C h a ^ e "917. isopropyl alcohol" to read --- 95 ethyl alcohol---. A t t h c h m c n t : t o b l d N a . 1)LA*i O-^-)v- 7 b 4 Pogo " Ff.ve T, Tceii. 4 . 1 . 2 P e a g c n c s , p a r p y r t o h ( 1) Eliminate entire paragraph and substitute ---Alcohol, ethyl, J 5 X neutral.--- P a g e If, I t e m 4 , 1 , 2 P r o c e d u r e In the first paragraph, change "J17. isopropyl alcohol" to read -- ? 5 Z ethyl cIcoho1--- Page ), Item A.1.3 Viscosity, Broikflold method. Eliminate completely for the reasons outlined under 3.2.3. Page 10. Eliminate completely as it Is a duplication of Page J. Page 14, PACKING Change the second sentence from "Each drum to contain 55 gallons of product." to - - E a c h drum to contain 580 pounds of product. (This Is the standard by which The Dow Chemical Company has boen providing "Orange on all contracts for Orange co-.date. It is ncftTelt that the change to a gallon measurement would accomplish what is desired by the military.) t The Cow Chemical Company Midland, Michigan 48640 lsr 1/19/6E $ lID 'I'r T,iw ^^7' jjf*.,1.41u...1,'`T V } S h "\C0 r .1 rdr*u--si.:r'.,,^ ---^.^3 if: AWARD/COW"! CT ^ jj ) bt| 1I 1 1 ! | !X> H*y j.>; '* D i t f r i u t 'r i*l p ru cu f *ni & t'lv d u c iig r DRi^clAhwTmtoTfnNdGr*iVri-Ktif*fItjiv.j?ppl.x`01Cmiri -- n a . 3* r . K A.-"? -F . :-7r rr.zfca:* *;*.ia, -a. Ilici cAcMNITuMnCcxAMKtl COM con* 3 . H-rc-let, Inc. Synthetic* De-f*L.~to~r.t -- ur 910 *%j n S t . ^ W llglngtcrr., D rLvsj-- 19699 *1*> i CP 19 mo * 1 1-- - 1 *o* b u n Pz7. ^ l G ' ) IQ*-- ' ;.oc- >Schedule I r*rihtMt mu M i D lvt" ^ rr 1"vg C f r t c , DCASR V. O. b: . 7 -7 6 Pi-.'.lodflprla, tm. 19101/ SEE BELOW I t 1 * > k f 1 57x1*921.030 61 63 06 151 501.30c n [ PLANT LOCATION H e- c u i* ., In c. j J o c k s onvilJ.% , Ark.. 72171 S1A7VS CONTROL SAAKA (SADR) K e l l y APE PH: WA-5 PAYK2TT 1ANY ALTH ORDEBTS, EXPENSE. COWIHKI':.- TEI V*"*f> CaTOi COVERTO BY T B IS 0K0ZB 'COWTH-ACT AiC iatic3E( ^ v:/ thorils^ vaJ G1-CPKZ0TT3 IN EXCESS OT. GUANTITY 1 0 3 , V IL L BE RCTVHHTD AT pONTRACTOTB 1 i t! i v t catto p ? a p r ii 1966. a s 9 6fi,a c x o s o mat tk x je ju fe t c AS AMLM3EI- 9 HA- 6 6 AW.'. TELDyhAH-i IT fkCCETIANCF. HATED 1 hr K ..j___________ i_,-- - OSI/CT/NC Ofrill* ILL <0*l"LHt BICH*.It111 16 n ow kT Q. c o -- * ArrulABLt * c i y^T .S Q O .00 W O C ttfV M ! *4 I t /!.# A c-- I . * 7 . . - r t p . i H I n a i i i ,1 ^2 7 . A 4-- I. wy 9 l o w rr* *5*7^. K-' jx - **. *"tr;?*afv? ;r><. vs-**; **v-T^jruj^ ItOAiO *04* U Mf t*44 cr- . >< O C< C (N. 1.1 * CONTINUATION SHEET TJi-i -s -=a><iT-- nr:r1 [mi^ umii'unai 0 p;,ny T" ' - - ArrATT":' (A.r u ) l ( i ::..-tv it;.r * .* r .iir.r in s p e c t 1-.:. er. . -,.rc-` : * or.'-* : y ^h< ii :vcrrg-1 'f ur. 'e r *h* .artrar*. r r any r r s r iz : . ->r r -,f t h i _ .t r r * . cd.-~-rr.ir..- lh*- ~rnrl_s iver.: th o C s n t r s r t s r - a r r a n t s t h a t a s *hs Sis*.- i f -._! i :1 furr.lshe-i s thereof, i (i) ail -u p ; li-.-; f u r s .! she . uns-ir this contrae*. v ; n '* fro* from ;e:eq._ _ lesicn,! material or vortaar.chl: tn: vili -.--r.:->--r vith the spccifl ratisr.s ax.j all oth.r. requiraents of this cs.nttrr--"t; a.-.a I I (ili the Freser v n t i m , p a c im r th g , : a r h i r.r, and marking, and the preparation for and melihod of shipment si sush supplies vdll ssr.fsrm vltth the req ill :ncs of thi s contract. (tl) The Contracting Officer shall five v-ritter. notice to tfc ; Contractor of any breach of - warranties in paragraph (a. of this claus.- wlthii} one year frvrs th last delivery ur. tije contract. (a) Confcrs&nee of supplies or parts thereof subject to var rantpr action aha 11 be deterrsipied In accordance vith the applioable oar.plinc procedures ionmined li th^ contract except a- px-ivUe-i herein. For sampling pirpoees, the ^ontraetlnr Officer my. group any supplier delivered under this contract. The size of thd sample aiall be that required by stvsfling procedure specified in the contract for the quantity of upplieo on vhidh warranty .action Hs_pro posed. Warranty sampling results nay be projected O'er supplies iniihe sane shipment or other supplies contained In other shipments lever, thou *i aili of such 4 upcli^s|/ are rot present at the point of reinspection, provided, the supplies regaining ag reasonably recreser.tatlve of the quantity or. which warranty actio i la rroposed. f^e origlno! lasaction lots nee-1 noi"be""cbhsi'it\rSed tior~<hafitha- iorr racting r^eer be required to use the same lot size as on original inspection. Vitl in a reasonable ties after nrtlee of any breach cf warranties in paragraph {^) of this cIsso*e as ieteslced herein,! the Contracting Officer say exercise one cr sore of the f illauing option^: (l) require an equitable adjustment in the contract pr ee ^sr any gren p of i eup:_iep; ;I I (ill screen the suspiles grouped under this clh-se at Cn t m s t o r 'i expense ano ,return pJJ. nonconforming supplies to the Contra :t~r for <corr*ctlop or rr placement : !% ! j(ill) rciuire the Contractor to scr*?r. th- supplies at 1 pntzs designated Vy the 'lavtrrast vlthln the continental "nlte i Ctotcr t r . i to arri',ct sr replace all nor ronfsming supplice; ; ! i (iv) return th<.- suppl s .prsurc-i 'ir.der s.oir -Inu-..- to t e Contractor fc r screening an J correction or rr flacesrr.t. JI f if) When return, c- ro--1 ir:i or reiln-eornt i~ r-:ulr-!, the Corjtractlnr Officer shall r~turr. ^he supplies an: trar.*t'-,rta* ion cl.sr-- r an: rt-r.ioi: i 1Zity '`srj rueh urpliy.-r while ir. trsntit shall be b o m e !y the C.-ntm.-i r. r, tl . ''j.'itra tr-'s 33aHllty{ f r such *.r n r .s p c p to t ls r . r h a r r e s s.t.31 r .^ c .T ' - c : or a-..- m t : u i l ' > * t" trar. * rttftl -r. Ty ' . s u a l * m e r e i a i r I i f j h l T T - * r . t le * * . . - : - : *. ; ' s i } r ' l le fu. .'r *.Ms . r e e f or. : ti:e a f f i l i r M . ?- tr I I & HZ S'^egSt-S:.t-Ss?i* 5V Mi -o lSI SL o p. r DEFENSE SUPPLY AGENCY DEFENSE GENERAL SUPPLY CENTER R IC H M O N D . V IR G IN IA 23219 83105 . a i . toD G SC -?H SUBJECT: DSA I+OO-6S-C-6163, HIPR FD?050-8-10iO TO: Coesander, SAAKA (SAOR) ATOM: Hr. J. ftjrton--''^ Kelly AFB, Texas 782U 12 Decenber 1968 1. Attached laboratory test report G-8221 indicates "fail-re gallcos of herbicide to neat the blend ratio. == 2. Your prcnrpt ccenta on acceptability .of subject jnaterial is requested. FOR SEE CCKMAHDER: 1 aid `^ * v. a . FEnca Contracting Officer Directorate of Procureoent and Production U4 rN . V if, I*w catory Report *3033 CharactfrUtjgg CB221______ The Dou Chemtr.nl Coomny D ater/Solo Unita Test Result* lflc Cravity 20/20C 2 1.289 1.289 i Acid (By valghe) X 2 0.0 (2) il Acid Equivalent X 2 93.67 93.81 ( 2, AD) ;ht Per Gallon 2 10.74 10.74 m >oflltlon X by voi: 1 , 4-D 2 49.1 49.0 2> i\t 5-T 2 44.6* 44.8* DSA-400-6B-C-613_______ V. 2 ' c W b. A. Rr<nilrcaentii 1.289 1.275 to 1.295 ; ;o.o 0.5 Bax 93.74 90.0 min 94.0 n*x 10.74 10.70 0.08 Ibo 20C 9 49.2 .7 50 1.5 50 1.5 *. >' 1 ii p n \ . i! 8863'/ 11 Sep 1967 HEHO FOR CQLCtltL STEER Subject: Herbicides 1. On S Sep 1967. OT advised that the Hercules plant, Jacksonville, Arkansas. which produces OraJLge~berfclclde7 had 'been shut down due~to a quality problea^ C7T~^^disTurbed since the~aH^^JbicToccurred on 29 Aug 1967 and they were not advised until S Sop 167. 2. Since we (OQT) had not heard of any problem, I contacted Mr. Buxton (DSA) on 8 Sep 1967 to find out details of problen: The follmdng infor cation was obtained: a. Samples of the Orange herbicide taken by inspector tested at Philadelphia laboratory showed 'product not to,be a__S&r50TSLhd. b. DSA advised DGSC (Mr. Rills) of problem and DGSC ordered the Jacksonville plant closed cm 29 Aug 1967.43* c. Hercules has 27.000 gallons (four box cars) on track ready to ship, which,have.been.rejected due to failure.'.to..neet .specifications. 3 . Mr. Buxton will advise OQT today (11 Sep 1967) of corrective actions taken to assure delivery of specification material. 4. OT (Mr. Beatty) was advised 8 Sep 1967 oi information obtained from Hr.Buxton, cn shipment delay. V k m . E. VANDEVEHTER Chemist/OQT  Jf #* I!7 ! t n j V7"7TJIj U 7 w^Wr Tt ir9 ' ^4T , 5 - T Triehytomnc Soit FormulolionJ--I.4,5-T Atid quivolcnt 4 0 foundi pe. Golton l FOR THE SELECTIVE CONT RO L OF DROAD-LEAVED WEEDS IN RICE /\ INCOtDIt^ A * 1| A4,5.4T#MUoh#*h2e.a4l,a5,**rl*T|\t0i4UawMaitiitl*r1!1 *0 4*4 .4 ,]. ?% T i M fa h a a a f# a i ........... 41% u ir#<HN f.iti *411. 4 I*>*! DIM CT; I n S Tit A m iIIm i , it 4 < ! 4 tl<tHi, b w l a u n | k U l m i i * 7V | i t i *1 < ! i t i t m l i a i i l atfc*MMt hu h w *f AHtl |l i'H** U m O t * i M a i M M m l t i f f t O u A l 1 l i | 2, 4.5 T A m i n W e r f l t l l # t p i i t n I N w o m tl o l w l< i | | lu M td l t d > ti< iliu l> n In ip to r* . 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I (.#. .j i | l o c i t i l i u < ' d l* * m %m | t n iK iA u I i i | < t | i | , i . f t t l l l - y M **o f n nt c .io m * t,|w r I ( . * ! | i " j r e t I n t . k l t t , 1. l | I A l i a a p l t t a i i a a l h f i t y U i , 4 t t a d b . * nd 4, . p M i i t t ih # ld h ititd I t * ly a h a i k f i i n t k it l I n a ' i t i l i , le n o i C U ilc n . iiig l( g l.w n il.ttl y t * n w ltt g t . J tu * d n t n N |nt>t*.M'% l o n*il blu* n g lenit-ie* iftvK a . \ , , ||. 1* 1.1 * Q il *-fc4 ( t i t u . t f g m < tg -l| o l 1 I V I i m M ^ntwt rl.< A lni n |l ,,1 n. | , I, <p,.>ui.( tt.lt.|,,| ti ,l v ' 1"" w tit. m o* . l o t t i O t i >* i t i M .e i l t l t n , , l i ,1 n . i i t . n i* , l I 1. A m i . ; i | t * o f t % o ' .l o l i ' * tu . - | , . t ^ _ j g i r . | . .il } 4 5 1 I t . t m - u l . t l ' U t t i , t t . l t I | u > | . n t c n l Ii i m i M t , t . | - . t u i l l . a l< o ..ll.t.g u t <M. p l t .g o i l t r i u '^ u u l i u i o l e li* m i ol 5f . . | t it t i > n t n i i t t m # t | t l . t ^ t M n .>l Ite i r t r i t i t w cut n u tr* < til Itt ili *,|| U o |. |il> iil tg ,(, 11 tiltle t' ritittia ai* lhl a i ntflhai I a l* liti pr4 it U ia l M lf U li i 't A igll ral *tallail al a l il lo I t g l g flik | < l * , a 1 iiytn m il | t . n ) I f dp.,tf W < i t i i - l l t t f t | / v t d 1u t u L l.e e t* p, I ,1'r.ntCl Ite > o . t * 't d l o 0 1 k * \ l H I I a > d m - t . NOTI l a g l . , l i l r i * t t l u l > I o l H f l ti m g t . l , |tttt*lt m t u u < t t|,M jtl *n I tic i p . | l l > n o l I t i WARMING! U liO IM JtlD W lfO l l l l l C A U U l I 11 A l IO N 01 ( P I N A N O I H ! O o a t a l a A * t i ( a la ti a > ik t>a a n i la th .a In | a , t a l l . t i i t i a tr* M a no i , i t 1 et J k l i t i l i . t l f f > ttl` I t l t t l g l n a ie ' le i o l ( . ' l 5 " W ir o * * l p e i fn r > ltiu l d , | tA t . g ii, n o t h Im * ' owp < l p k ' - i t fil1 g in I U' f P . n , . . , e i m i * o i ! i t<. i o - * * # * J c c i l . t n g l ^ i o i i (l,. ti.il n ig - c !**<.O* ! 1le i 1% la A.gC r n, n g i.g i , ol * .tul t*u<f. u w*'o,'el lun- l i i n > t g i l e in e o l il, p > w ! . i l H w * o ^ ae M * * g i i o * l ' 0 * * t l t . n ^ a h , | l . , < . n o* I .! t k j 'l e n - l f . t f - , ( l n m M t a l THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY U IO I A M O M lC M ir. A M M ID LA N D D IV IS 10 i iV,'/r J I m & imi i m i M a fe'/ imi m % K 'Ov IM M<h Fail M l !:'<i*| aal . f|%*#r 0 *#>*f# *F*'4`*r#aa I M I IM I M I H M tltir y P* |4 Ibi l i I Hm i M H Fi . M t*'V Ft* (** te*ry fee* **d #un art ( M U rtiM h iiM m I |m l( (** | wm Unta liaitbarvf t DIRECTIONS EOI USE I /II W A fll I M I l i t Ai n i i i i i i / i l l a m i if |ral<l II ll ir f MA inf {kl rtt*M f atar ( la aaad la aaofiaf Uta p ii. Ikai add rva(a/*| Ulf 4 <! alti kt*af alitvit H M<aa. Ilf lif t and l a i lAwld H Mtv|Wf al wife i caau ipitf M il MiiMli a*t alli>il an iriicitkat m aida Ma tfct fim li ' tu ont lia/ad * 4 Mfittlp r*v l t tifa li M^Cfr hi mrf la Mcanair U paaib im i tm nattai #1 ir aliali at II I ta I tail ta litflt, |Ima f H * l iMwii M tpyiitd al tH# tala al I fait* piitfi ill M (illaat al ala* falla Kf, Itanlat, b*d \m alMt i h im if M #"lnflad fef m f 7 taMt la 100 fill al ilia far im u iI al ati| pit arar I Im | h talfkt, tu rf, w u**u. m litt tin * ta ptaifty palmad. A OU |P IA T t l t Ht m i M M ii l w a ^ al t i f i t i te te in t i l ta I ai ta 1 fuat ail, m l i m a n t te 0* i p i j l * ani i* fWrv|klj U U i lin m iK i, liw . I |.n .,i iI fn tm i ta I I | i i M ' Il Ht M * i n i b i i in m I vmI i f n it la *tnw |al atavM trvl arW ait lia m l iffata la *1 a Mi|M a f j ! la 1$ fwhii C** lad totawffttf, ana te lia alai af iv m ! al lia Mil I m aftuillM ci la ia a*i tl*a af H t yin aa(fl oka U M ail# p m a lt tallitila al i* ii lia Aiihu|i feataf kit p*tad la la f t U laiiffd m w n tt tin aMia tau#, n iu ^ 1il tint k| i Inala 1 |iWti al aratiti fit I f |al'*<> al a*l it 11*41 I (lIlfMl, f*4 a#lv U ItaiMf tfi il** al t(# Inai aa ad| FaU. Mata rrt>ui<a ut tup ia d vpatfrt H tU | a Mfiia af ali* t*tfat at Ir feruife at i 4 . fat lati fiutili. M u tiro frW ia* *| i Iwmm twlf ka P>aiau|i*y , at aaaiUiiifA i m ba ad M l 1ia af Ha raav ; aural a im ai alar r'a ttfit aariiditM at IM uit Una liar M attl'Cilita tfeawld tifu olb affair f i l l i I I I IIU Itl far aaaltil af |Ula featft| b*kl au ihM I iM tft la Affala, ala tailflin| (li l iha t i a a * / Iha lt**k at (Uta la IM i'auM m pni>ai f aaal Im a catti mW a 'ilota af tintn ar fiadurl te tf |alUM af aal II fiai te 11 |ito* Aaai'iiitM r j ba ada ia Mf imaat. I AI OIL*WAHR I I I I A l (F IA T lati matti a tliM M l ta aaaltfiUaa Ia aW ll a,a*li all Itala! ar4 tia<r |ta*f>| liu ti I awo. fai ta iiUal if Uaitaita. I filia# H . f dvrI iia 5 fiito*i f Anal 1 art IM# ta ita i i l taiiom af fr Iba t!iua iKaoit la aarhal il ua nia al 4 |i!M*i fit Mia (U A. I.f.V I aclf ! aaiiifM an anal fte ta*i>il af NWtarr. Haal|Ml. af adar friak atea, \ i 'i I fatWa I a<ad\l i l } fatt*i al Aiat ail I a! Ht 'i 'il t tatii #f alta Ira 1* i *m t*wl> fta at IM ma al { |i(ii #<a tn t At. M M I \#rd i'MaiUtl aaa taul f >1 ilif M f ' h t d t aaitaf tf Mfatball W rf ii/i bi fiM aiiir|t, - i fin #/ auAxi til 1 |d Wi Alta tJ a U `U f |i 'U f i I #itr. h t* l " - * >-. n * cR I VSN l'KW ' vol tiijliltol-woy, foioil m'inugamnnl, laiKjoland iIumii,nd for oilier J .iciop um. HERCULES 1p-efivm'm n TTu'*t1,u',T*^wi'm |iiurTm*TTr'r^r)T,*,&w^|w * t L . i . . ^ . i n i. -- ' -- J - . - - . . ' B R U S 'H -R M A F M ER H IC ID E LOW VOLATILE 4T ; ; V * ` ^ 0 : Y; CAUTION: READ EMI RE IA HEI K R ADOI I OMAI I I A I l n i l MC f RECALI HO MS . KEEP O U I O f R EACH OF CIMI DR EM. A ttiv i m r.A lli'IN t: I I . l . i * at I 4 8 Tf- !M o 'O |'h "0 r* (flU Arkf n*; (1 0 " l ilm i to 4 t 1V* of 7.4 3 li>iliioiPv>t*'M'r aaalla Add) INTRf N tCIUlHCNfl n ir; TOTAL loou*A aw are. >aaa># . M A D E DY AOHICt . H.7 UH AL C I I C M I C A l . n S Y N T I ICI IC3 DU P A R T ME NT Il n n c U L E S POWDER COMPANY latMAVAI'l 'i ! i / m r t m i n m n i t a n n it n a i i . i t r - J '" ' IlnDt, ft*;rlal>l#l. f 't i 'a i . em am an laia. collurt. al fi*ft lu r f u tH t, ci#' #r a ilu r dti>*tij>t p ltA li Mmuta a^anlitla #f IM mf c t o t a M tia li>|tiry la b * n iitu i ar d taitabt# plaolft, I h n a lo tt m l b# a*t(lM d In |b # u m af lita (K am ttft In clot Imtlf t au (b p ittilt Ao>0 c*tn f apar U m c i m ' m a(Kr. * M ih fa tai# HWtiy I </ifL I ) ^ n > 0 tr|h fhla pruducl eonUhrii an fta# 1 Ww app'aiilify, 1f># vapora f'o m lha po4*ct may ki|sM# I h t n .i a au<apiUita p*tMa In tha vfctmlf of Iha applttjl'on. 1 [ DO NOT conlafM nal i f f body of u n lt r by ter a d tppr<Ctfton, rta tn iA f pf a^uipm fnf, at O tipr.ifl pf a a ta t and to n u m a u (icaait am o o n la pf |h la m alfflal In |Ka oil m t f lam pniatllf inhibit g#rmlnaUoAi and plant f rp*th. DO NOT appfy tMa p avditd on t a a n i li f u * * , awch aa whlfo clvr, prp autCAptibta ta tha cham ico/ an d m ay Ut oovora^y d a m a | d M Villa d tXI NOT |v ia d a,rr anlmt on trxK W ar*a wiihtn ) dr* an app/icahon. DO N O ! al tMa p r H u d n aar a**/t, I n i n llcid fa or l d | . ( i d u 0 0 NOT to d l iir l nala fad 0 Irtodilnrii D a NOT uva ap*j ;i lpr*wa enrtjmir\ald w*x% f1*1 p ro d u d fur f o lt.tr purpn* Ib tp n u n t m o t II n ftU f b# wad l<>* tM a |||I(||IM pf |R * t:|M * l # ptif( tC ', rthui#l r d u (li m a H li W en F**a (laand v fif (*iluMf whh i uilatta Cal ( l i m i t , D*> NUT ml* wfth ha*'l4 la d ltlia fv ( lU tlOM TMa p ro d u it m i f iiw a a akin IrrflaUnn. kv h a ltn | ap*ay m n l Or) not I | U mtarfuiif. 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I Q i l * )l n I * W b o l A# A n d > *vIhrxft * f . PV* o f I K t * |> I k M I | | l n f | i ! k v o l | t a | 0l o l ' r ' l C * r ' * u l l r * i r | ) l | | A l u l * l O Q **t o* > p iim 4 i< I * r ll* r I f l A d 0 b * C A U T f O H f M A Y C A U t t ? K 1 H I p iu T A T lO M A v o l i C o M lo t t iti* ly o i, I H o r C t o t K U f 1 11*1* ' ni# * rv A n i * o f n n * 1 k d a ro f u -n^ * d . ir o J n f | S * U l* 0 * P e n d i o ! 8 *>l ' a M l * | * 1) ll k 0 * M 9* K t n d . n f t a t a l u * Ia 0 <0*rt(t A o t a i l h d lr * | l iA t o* n o f U 1 P o i*n f* fio 1 100 O ; f 100 11 1 f 0 t ) I H ; l J * ( H J III lU >J*D! ir J | I 11 <n3> TUE DOW CHE MI CAL CO MPA NY M ID L A N D . M IC H IG A N M ,M * jnta a p m l t ,, 1T J a... ^ J *i a u 1 1 >--^ O fimtKiu > - WV*VOHJNM4W. TirroM 1*1 h j i not boon u n v t o e t u t t l 0 o t nti|pi>v<l olnr |)T 0 . In tT0 tl c k o r a ihown on lb t o i l o v l n f poflo wcro a tta c h e d t o tho p ro d u c t. 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U d e * i -- j le n d illtA l, In e i t o l , o p p llte flo n t modo wp M |boo U b o fo ro l a l l fe4 oo wiwollp ll f ll e , T A p p llte tlo n Io lo l# |wmwor e d lo ll Io tf<o o # o i, ln < lv d ln | T e e e i e n d C HIobw m , Il P i t * l o o i e d i d ) Sp*oplg olle 1ee*oi bo*o lo il Ibel ne*mot g*een eie a n d Igo mop m l | i e le tM o < lf p <enfel. K epoot o p p lito - H ont mop bo neeeiap o e o p r i^ t K d e e lo p i U S I P H IC A tM IO N l 0 # r o l o p ptp V f O H 8K U S H K i l l t I diotlp *p, o i k n ! * p ll Il Io le rn t ln lo ( i n l e i l w ilb e g f lo b lf t , Ho*ot, g n p ei. frvtl fte o i, of*om ep ioti, eiten o e ' k t d e iU o b le p lo n li wb*b oo It f l iil i Io ) ,4 . J I a n d 1,4 0 D e not p t t m il tp fo p mt to n io in in g Il I# d r ill e n le ibom , iln te o *e n mmwle q w u n lilie i o l ibe tp ro p **ny lo v l tn|o*p IC o e fie lp *o p l CM# I || tl*lp Io d rill ) A u n d i n ^ l ( , o p p tifo llo n i bp o lfp lo n i, jjto u n d ilg e n d b o n d d iip n t > i ih e u ld bo o n le d e u l m l y k n ib e te I I r>o b o i m d fom d t i l l , Do nol (O n to m ie n lo 1tgn|lon d*|bet o n ie wied Io d o m n li p w ipo i! Do net |to *e neo leiliieri, te e d i, Ir itflltid er Ivn p i |i< l l | ( iii* e am o vn ti o l 7,4,1 1lhlropbenopmetit Aid o *d 7,4 D<bforopbenoepMOl1e A4 Id In tbo lol mop tmporo1p In h ib it lo e d g e fm in o lie n o p in n t grow lb D etow te o l ibe diTlUwtip ol Ib proegblp Ifn M ip Q pfOpO! e n d 0<bo e q o lp m o n l o ie d lb 1 .4 ,1 1 o n d 7 .4 0 fmwfoOAi, i w b eqw ipm enf |bp#ld nol bo v ie d Io b o n d lin g o o p p lp ln g o*bo ngl<ollwol ib #m l<o l S h ip p in g lo n ln ln e n ib o v td not bo t wted Io enp m o io vlel w b itb w ill bo o p p tle d I# d o ilto b lf regeiotlon, , - n i o r n n a t o ih u . s . a . im Novrnni:n# 1 1 1 1 , i r u c c s f i r t c iH r .11 l a b e l i i * l i 30 r m t n r o i h r cn n u M ir , mi. CONTnOLB MANY BPECW8 OF THEEB, BlUIBll AND DflOADLEAVED WEED8 De iv f (b o l oio en d mptbod o l oio o l lb l| pnrdw fl onfonm te loeat ogotelloni, C onioh y iv r o g fl(o llo *o l ogenl * ^perlm onl a g e n l II In dowbt. Y ( O N D I U l H K t l l T l oepoeod *o io b lr o o ri g 9em poralooi mop ( p f o l llt o . Jb#tld e p *o lH lo lilo n <<, we grodootlp I# i h m lem p o relvro e n d mie lb # ro fb lp belebe e U |. Do M l o0 d lr o it o# op en H om o. Oeoe o m < w, i m m m n o --nr m t KftP OUT OT Tllt MACH OF CHHDSEM CAU.SCS IRIMIATION OF SKIN AN0 I Tt l Da Na Oal In Fyai Avold Contnd wllh SUr ond Claltilng U (Oll 0 lo n lm l ilV l t | v o ifitv lo if > 1 1 lilto , l l . l t O f t * >1'^ p lo n t, I > , l f l lo l o l l l O I I M p l n . l n onrl g | l . f .io l 01- 1 ^1 *0 0 ; wnb lin with u n p o n d p len lp #1 w o U , l ( m t o e n d w lb ton> fo m in n le d ' ffob*ng b e lo ro re v t . Do nei ro tonrom inoted Ib o # I 5*0*0 Ovl ol fOO(b #1 b lld ro n ond e n lm o lt / HOtKI. blla % rk( A p|a< *(* o v 4tti<f`ia *4 l| lt I n r i w m 1 * * A UW* a V a 4 , n t n d m r *d| m n l i *d i - *4 , W *-***** *J* .*-a>i >> w a * | n*w 0t I t H M I OO A f A l f K U t * ! A / I 'O I I . * - e* > 0 * t l * %4 r i 4 r > ^ > * o U W !<>>*. l a w i w l t a o d . i i ^ m d i i n J i t . **11#*, 4W r i i w i A W 4 V o p w a i n fa a M W r I n r w a a ^ U (a n i.vsio n s tct-uoii \i u . s . o . f . ciiK N cto to r . . r . . U l NOTtCe tvisto. Ul *0ITCH DANKS* OtLETtn. (41 KESTDICT10N OH USE iKOUNO HOHE AHO AECAEATION AAf.AS AOOEO. Hl If COOE AOOfO. vSV f\ V* THE DOW CHEM ICAL COM PANY MIDLAND. MICHIGAN 4 0 0 4 0 ^ m. i,i`t SPECIMEN LABEL EXHIBIT i i : FOR. THE CONTROL OF M ANY SPECIES OF TREES, BRUSH AND BROADLEAVED WEEDS liidI AND FOR THE SELECTIVE. CONfR^L 0? BlNJA'W.IvWED KIEJS IH RICE Ad U ffii' a t| imurn lohoge development in the tpring. With gaud gtowimj N O T IC I T i i t i ^ l i n i i Stlv I 2'4,5TrihUrpliaoiyoiti condition ond odiMuiife toil monture, application may be mod Seller m o iri no wononty of ony ilnd, t i p u i i or vnplird. con. Aii ........................................................................... . . . . . 5 N S up to 2 to ) week brini nntmol hmt doit if plant ore oitwely growing, fe t i fU-cltv conflu rnoy revult during hot, dry crrnmi) th me uf tini piotiut. Ouytr ottumet all mk ol ut or tiundlin.j, wticther in occonlume wiih dutctiorii or not. Url l* f t2<aH ........................................................................ 4 ) ,) % weather. Repeol oppheotumt muy b* nrctttory ot new giowih develop. i'.i 2,1(5*Tri<tdrpfcatyclit Acid fqwttaUftl .................... 4 0 .4 % A T rtiihrU nM $ ft I 2,4 ,5 -T -- T*tf Acid EuUltnt 4.0 Finidt per Gtlr V(ON 24$ It recommended for ui in Controllino hfiboceout on<f woody plonti growing In right.olwoyt, rodrood tooifbedt, ddch. bonlt, roodkidel ond imJuiinol tile. II it Ifecliv on tuch ipccifl ot otpen, birch, blockbtrry, eldcrbetry, elm, hickoty, honeytuckle, Iccutt, hard ond loft mople, ouk, otoge oronge, ponon ivy, tottohot, VirQuMo creeper, wild cherry ond wild rote, ot well ot mony ether woody ond hetboceoui weed, tl allowed to ttond oiler mining it mutt be ogitoied ogo*n before uting. VtGN 2 45 will not mi wiih od ond thould not be uted for Hump or boiol tproyt. It It not recommended lor elective uto In d opi. ( A ) WARNING*. Do not opply VION 245 d u in i to, or otherwise permd il to come into confuti with vnjcloblct, llowcrt. giopet, fruit (rrt, ornomvnfolt, cotton or other delirai.le plonft whch oie icnuluc lo 2 ,4 .5 T, ond da nut pound tpitiy miti contoming il to drdl onto them, tinte evvn minute quoiditivt of the tp*oy may came iniury tCnat tpo>t ore lot M vly to dull I Actonlmgly, cipphcolton by otiplan, gttiund rigt ond hand dnprn-.cr thould be torricJ Out only whin thou * no ho io 'd from dull Do nnl Contorninole rrtt'julmn d.lihtrt or wider n \rJ tor il<mettiC pur* potvt. Do not tuie no h it .h in t , tee<l\. 'ittitulot or lungi Cidct. t*tev.ve umunnlv of 2,4.5 Trttl.lnrophenukyoi rl.c At id in die toil may fempointily inhibit rod germination or plant growth Dvcame of tfie difficulty id thoroughly t leonini} pioyctt ond other tiiM.pmi'nl me I will 2,4.5 1 luimnlalinnt tuth equip* meni huutd nnt be ned fur hiindlm.i M upplymi) i.thcr ugntul. WARNING CAUSIS IRR ITA TION OF SKIN AND (T IS I 0 nl f f l in t f t l . Avvi l lid with ill ! ilalki, In CO-.C of cordaci w.ih Ibe un.Muled weed idler, flmh eet wdl plenty of water lot ot Itoti l5 m nuirt ond Qft m ej.col oltertlion, wo.h tkm with toop and plenty ol water. Miniavo ond wuJ coniom.noieJ cloih.ng bete Ihi.ct.lC-tif| Do noi wcOr cCntom.ngle I C7 l o oo DIRtCTIONS tinof chrnuCulv. Shipping ronfumrt hutild nut t.e te ir.e j for ony moleriol win* ft wdl be applied to dctiiohle vegetation l0r7Fy Sproy woody growth up to 6 or B fret toll fter folioge it well developed, uting a drenching tpioy containing I guitn of VION 2 1$ per 100 gallon ut woter. Coverage thould be com* Oe ture timi lite orni Mirthtul ol ir.e of (hit product contorni lo tocol iC'joluliiint Cr.ii',nil your ci'|riculfuiat tnjird or rifN'iimml THE plttc ond oil pert ef the pianti, Uituihny telieye, iheet lem o.ji'Mt il m il.nil.t VII 1CI 2 r# rt^*,.d lo \uh Irirnn ii iimper- end kerk, thould be thoroughly wit with Hie tpioy. (h-tl retuh Oturct hould bc wum.ed tu ut tiod 4ultt*ti ornvj m u n Uhimmuunngjih>ly/ utuolly will be obtained (tom application moda toon ofler mu* before umg 1" ? )',* ' * " *. T', *" *T I 1'iT......... li* T~' ! . r; ' ..s.o..n.e-is m o o -,i r ' " DOW CHEMICAL COM PAN| MIDI ANO. MI CHI GAN j M IDLAND DIVISION i 0 6 - i m l'rln tcd In U. S. A. r* & f.t ! <l' T-iry . - i . r.- | . <r- 4-i -r i r 3 CONTROL IN RICE: T r e a t / t o 0 oeeko a f t e r emergence o f the r l c o . L'lierc f 6 l l d c d , t r e a t between 7 and 0 weeka f to r iln g vlicn p la nt o havo emerged above u a t c r s u r f a c e and leavea a rc atnndlng e r e c t . l!ee 1 to 2 1/2 p i n t o of Venn 2/i5 In ro x in n t c ly 5 to 7 gnllono of w a t e r pe r a c r e . For boot b o s u l t a u c c d o .uliould lie young and a c t i v e l y growing. With Lota"" uccdo ouch a n Mexican weed and c u r l y Indigo, up '*' 3 p l n t a of Venn 2A5 per acr e nay be neee nnnr y, bn* v I o l J tray -- -- --* WEED AND BRUSH KILLER A Gemerai Wand ond Brunh Conlrol Formulation for Forming Inverted Emulsions iwcmctT'i >wo %c-rwog Tt V W |CHO <rM CHuOi| M Ot ...U %% ....IfM ><aiwiauwraa -- H ft 4 ty. . ........Vt /p aw > iy--aXa m U | I ,4 | T|... ., II A .| Q / p / lM U lO A N 4M III *S Cl >w f H wVU* U r I 's X In t r w t f r f U h p*WM i M *** M H U I v Sm| I^h| ml- m pW aN mu u u n x e Pu K * * n t rta p X t. t N la x N t f i | l*U (W t'ttry M it P f XMM nS Xbthy Mack e x m t f >awX tfM N tX i'f NX >pftvX sut liM t f #N a n i ' ti 1 Pra* ' tN**f (M t'X |p pW tM*<U l f |U ftp iN m Attat ft4Pf AxUftuftfta iM ult p*ta** Ml aikMPteyt pa*n ivy |*ie eaft lXlb<l*Mft f|i.wnl**tf ia*l ikpXurh ItN x u u f tX itt|t*aa ft*ra |B*lfP V.U (** m M pap itS ittt xiu r U *iM> p#"#mm-Ps rt mu r^-v,j* r 4 prvp WnnrfNp ft USI DmtCTIONS I W y M I W Vt*IO*t ( I II #4d|v<t I M wftaX H I I** k M .r l 4 f*Niir> ir*t i i p n .I An^f U .ih a.(***<4 *N I I M IK !4**u*tl ikt *iK t f w i e i f 4 a* um p i u Mf ( XI r v l r U K 'M i VlhlQN Cl M i n M ilk t i i U tm| m i |I a>i.p hirWWSwWUi|App#fVISION(f M laiiihft"*itrittayt - r*wrU> I * .4 )o w > r r4 w r * i w ru x r H tu * * * . a i t ^v wk s.^.i| tvUifi-M n ] < O w M t l I r w i'H Xiii # Iimk )' Invi v t*^ v l H l t ^ M bit I H4lr*|it>*|ii<t |4> I in I) r>^ r W rr4 v m 'vh pn cry In t tnv e1*<*#*tX,iM |# n i u h at m n tv * N 4*a*r r 4 rk * w t V (n t0 *t t l <i i*u fo u l to iin ia - r t i" t4 n ^ u n Vy t 4 N C iw p m p n y Mi HN (| f A O T O A flO N f I r k l U t I fSv*ft ftp*? sa M**r H Vxfc P t 'MiMf P truly pw riu t nrax*XNuKU u tiM Ki^er*m*#, ktnidivf It i t m P m M ir W n t ft4t ima Cr^'^ f t b w U U i k M ' tin 4 l i o r t ^ * ^^ | l t |*>| M n P ) 1f t tin e tp lf IM , U M tH t f 4 M u a-ftd rru *_*X r -- 4* P VtAION Cl PN * | M t n l r * M p a ryatt n t i l u s i p i f *unW n* eih c t * ' ^ spiM<t *. a*x IN p M t X et* iny**t4 I pvt IN X apt? **n N Wit* *N N* lu t p te t>MW sh (iMiMbri iy4M<M iM yfit IN m U M P4*yh Xu X**? pHrpXnyUhXXx um*MfeMN 1U*4k*nrptitylMIuNIup*I14m4*i4a *ifMP*thXNr *W**h*It X***UHp U M *| p i 4 W i X r t i ft#w it t M N A*kN M w U M '"'tl W W la #<# X* P t W t i TV* >twtpye| m | p tf l* * ft IrPt P t t lN p4M ftf u f M*V N 1^ U p vtnl Vm * 4 . 1 xwd U X 4 X ltX k fr y fcnnWW Xu r**bh 4 ttXtu*nHrtyrN m*h*i / > - --- M u t O roorfMItONX f t u S r W k *4 yupXwl faa| XtXW4/i4^ t*tp 0I*VpU X tin ty XM*SfkPS 0#,,r l if Vt AtfXS C| la att C x'it't al <wJ 1#M t . 0t*tet X at 4P v*t I 19 99 f 11 91 II t9 1 1 II 1* n 1 1t I lf 1 la 19 14 II ft 19 H II 19 Il t 1 It 19 I*I 1 1 rt 1 1 19 It H rt 4 M 9 i n t i it 9 h) 1 1 r 1 rt 9 ro 19 i t ra 00 19 r It U i l 00 H I t It ftO l t M '*U r X tt* n**i e..! i p fa*N*rX Min* Mu Ar t m i p*u4 VISIONCfl n*"M*4***Ui*i*l tMiM'IMN*mHinr*(tNftry<i*IXrM^s^ivMnuItia*'!t*olu'put* ImH X i** V<n.Al a # MM4W* X .rn w * i e r t <u vow* n in P 4 ifu n r tiiH w**v*t*e i r n r ii t v i t il tt>*y I* X'Aa** us* rm CA vnoN 0t eel Wl S1 Afras Cl M IIty kerf tn*n **.*! |.Imw4 4 (*< r i | lo e 'K l lK t*Hl>l| Iftwnr I fK v t t|**M |)M| f C t M i t t t (M ite o t*Si *# *Ma f**a*4t * N li mm Htut^t i | H n ) 4 | f i m i te re**ii t<n<Mtl nay pita VM ftv** t4**!* X\a***f f*fut Xu f m u n a* Xa***u**l xwnvty Ayu>*(*pN Vy fNt* fr*r*tn p ftxunX f<#a ahpAl M rn*t my m m ltui N N KaixX In** X A (Vi not ftpywy hy p<tXl 1 Xu xtxy X C W P f Hr x X*>u w p iUM tvtrtynpM It f*u*uy h r h t X r i At A f - m |ni towiixne irry (MM fy**f It kvwrM44 Parta p tw r y e t a p ft* MIVM r * H I W pwy wvM IN* 4IN M *uy Im i n* a# twwX p n f ftp w |t|r4 ptil| Oa trn* (*w rM *rt ki^rwn ttc N i ta m VMS ftp |n* rt N p n i Ot fm t |iwea N ia iw i p u t . rot r it M t i x l x *f oM la hwS vywy I S t p X A pt*Mt N *ul Wnt ftn U i x of*> Mu yp'O^^X X*w m XI Mili IN rr*4 r t t p n a at rvy"* w-- 4 ftp VI At On Cl Ixf al rwu*e| p m X*h I Xu M t X k n f t t M t |Mt t x s i A n X p o rP w S IIHne tm t ilp v e e p wMt ft<lX>ai P e<M Hn t i vt V M w ^ tU r l*XU ItM k t x | l r p 1 I M*t S U vM X S*t XSv| (wSwt WM X M m n n tiir4 C * M f r#M Xu fXWwhy f a W f I OlN* y*t^l.x (NnK(*t I W X * u p aritUM i P M i r x t u u t k1M(N C| IN vvS n p m tW` i'i.M u M f t P*y *U X f " <*M v.fH lftf.1 1/ VifttOM Cl f AflPl u*4 Vt A10*1 ( I tvt4 v M tv P i ftwMIw u tv xn M p*c (#w4**P4 |ft^ * * 4 (X i n ay P .i at a*- uiw* *y rt u IN pm im*n u X IN Mly Vtv4'P X'WM *M 4|M*r N f ] I n i*twry* rtu v^*iw( pew*Mi ' <ft xu r * v m n y X Vi *On f f . 4 a ifttrp i|*i| tvli4( w*>vft t * i| tty Pa 1 mm < t w w f v* 4 4 1 N #** i ma wii |M M i m m I* t u t a t l X an*m x *u m i w u imm4.im (MtMp.ta w.fip** 4 Can m t*1 1 1 a*a fttftt U*iy r u <M iNHr* *N4I**> * Wy w^n r<4 V*n ||*ry4|*||w*t|lf 1 M a * l N wv4 CluHf*y X t yaw*H x X 0tf*U X Wm '* I /* * i<a m U * U \ kwyn| noi|W o*l f t p p *t v u l r IN *>tU4 r X arxN mu**X Vi HfCV1f.| ptw*>l hn U im f- m ii X l r vM M |>tA M Stt* n H# f Nut 4 0t*U X rv,P*^u l*x *rw P H I X4 PN^ (auwr h kwpey r u t <*wx p n t *y Ax*M 1N 1 T>**ap N m i 4 ' P i t lx I.X i f i n X m t*>t * 4 a*U 1 ^ 4%Anx*y xty M taw/nS P IN ItU' CAUTION KEEP OUT OF (H E REACH OF CH U D R EN M A Y CAUSE SKIN tn n iIA T IO N M A Y DE IIA R A V IA V S W ALLO W E D A void CtKilftcl w ith (y xt , 3Vlo x v f Cio(Nry NOHO ------ - *-*(---- * ^ - -* r- -- !--*-t a***t >4 I** IN pvn 4 . 'f * l * IN U* * *>>4 e M* p e t u . r t r X m m t t t ***# p u k^ v*--. vKr ** t 4 t f w ^ * t H w i t tntit oe r.M tt *0* * r *j*<m Pv*rtoi l>r,, . m -*<-* <* u ^ 1X tN t * N I lt * ' r I 4 MX I*H.B N Wb"w "M >*"4II H V 4 *1* U IW4 U ttNk*l N m i U * **N *N l . pM>1* * 1N N* X r t --M -- (4V*t*4 V *** n u U I tn*< N ) IM <M THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY MIDLAND, MICHIGAN 40040 n a. m p m f t f f f i t i m w n i H i t u M i n w nr **1 i m h n n imm ig LJ mO CD ^*=i CC UJ yj ITM m m oQ5 0> 0< .2 i -"0 &0 ~A 1 0) Y Tc3/Th-3Q c O 0 D .2 0 0 -n >O > *0^*= m3 cu cu (fi Q. a W o ra o c ra O ffl CL c > >*iS sTM|o0n O T 3 0cn Pg C o --cn ra cn to CL O c cn O ~ cn *- tr ic_o *O- C#?L ^O LL .SP E C IM E N LABEL Wiw.itwtw^uiv itgl ]uwcktw wujf! t . d l C l ........................................ IN E R T IN G R E D I E N T S : ................................................................................. 2 ,4 -D Acid Equivalent 63.2% --6 pounds per gallon E.P.A. Registratio n No. 4 6 4 -2 7 9 .., 20.8, USE DIRECTIONS Uve ESTERON 7o 6 c h e r b i c i d e io c o n iro l b i n e r - e e d . c ro to n . d o nd e Iio n , docks, g o Iin ; c g ~ henbit, kochio, lom bsquorters. m arsheldet, m uttords, peppergrcss, pigweed, p lo n to in ro g w e e d , sh ep h e rd sp u rse, thistles. vetch. wild rodish, o n d m any other bro ad leaf weecv w ithout injury to movt evioblivhed grosses; olvo for control of 2,4-0 susceptible w ood p l a n t v such o t c o o v ta l s a g e , t o n d v o g e , e l d e r b e r r y , h a z e l , locust, p o is o n o a k . sum ac on< willow. Use in sm all g ro in s, corn, sorg h u m , gross s e e d crops, p o stu re s, ro n a e to n d o n d non-crop oreos. A p p l y ESTE RO N 7 6 BE a s o w o t e r o r o i l s p r o y d u r i n g w a r m w e a t h e r w h e n w e e d s o r b r u t a r e actively grow ing. A pplication u n d e r d rought conditions often will give poor result} Use low sproy pressure to minimize sp ra y drift. O n c ro p la n d a n d a lo n g roadsides, d o nc e x c e e d 20 psi pressure. A pply e n o u g h sproy volume to provide uniform coverage of v e e : a n d brush, usually 5 to 20 gallons per a c re by g ro u n d e q u ip m e n t a n d 3 to 5 gollons by ai cra ft. H ig h e r g o l l o n a g e m a y b e u s e d if d e s ir e d to im prove sp ro y c o v e r a g e o n d to red u ce th h o z o rd from spray drift. G e n e r a l l y , t h e l o w e r d o s a g e s r e c o m m e n d e d o n fKim l a b e l w ill b e s a t i s f a c t o r y fo r y o u n c succulent growth of sensitive w eed species, for less sensitive species a n d under condifior w h e r e c o n t r o l is m o r e d i f f i c u l t , t h e h i g h e r d o s a g e s wil l b e n e e d e d . For c r o p u s es , d o n o t mi with oil or o ther o djuvants unless specifically re c o m m e n d ed o n this label. D eep-roote p e re n n ia l w eeds such as C o n o d o thistle o n d field b in d w e ed a n d m any woody plants usual' r e q u i r e r e p e a t e d a p p l i c a t i o n s f o r m a x i m u m c o n t r o l . Do n o t o p p l y E S TE RO N 7 6 BE w h e r s p r o y d rift m a y c o n to c t n e a r b y s u s c e p t i b l e c ro p s o r o t h e r d e s i r a b l e p l a n t s or m a y cor. l a m i n a t e w a t e r f o r i r r i g a t i o n o r d o m e s f i c 'u s e . D o n o t a p p l y i n t h e v i c i n i t y o f 2 , 4 * D s e m i l i v e c ro p s or o r n o m e n t a l p l a n t s s in ce v o p o r s f r o m th is p r o d u c t m a y c o u s e i n j u r y to sue.' crops or plants. R ead a n d follow all U se Precautions g iven e n this label. N O T E : If t h e r e a r e u n c e r t a i n t i e s c o n c e r n i n g s p e c i o l l o c a l u s e s i t u a t i o n s o r s p ec ifi c e tc ; variety tolerances to 2,4-D, consult local Extension Service or University Specialists for advice TO PREPARE THE SPRAY: (1) Fill the s p r a y tank a b o u t h a l f full with w a te r, then a d d the re q u i r e d a m o u n t of ESTERON 76 BE, with o g ito tio n . a n d finally th e rest of the w oter. NOTE E S T E R O N 7 6 BE in w a t e r form s a n e m u l s i o n w h ic h t e n d s to s e p o r o t e u n l e s s t h e m ix tu r e > k e p t o g i t o t e d . (2 ) If oil is a d d e d , fir st mix t h e E S T E R O N 7 6 BE o n d t h e o i l o n d t h e n o d d ih> m ixture to the w a ter with ogitotion. H ow ever, with o d e q u o te ogitotion. the oil con b e o d d e i a f t e r t h e ESTE RO N 7 6 BE is m i x e d in t h e w o t e r if s t r o n g a g i t a t i o n is p r o v i d e d . 43) If s iro tg F o il is u s e d , a s o lu tio n is i c / m e d o n d s e p o r o t i o n d o e s n o t o c c u r . Do n o t a l l o w o n y w a t e r to gc into the oil-herbicide mixture to avoid form otion of o n invert emulsion. W EED C O NTROL IN SMALL G R A IN S N O T UNDERSEEDED WITH A LEGUME: NOTE: W a t e r r e c o m m e n d e d to m o k e u p t h e s p r a y . If .oil is u s e d , t h e r e is o g r e o t e r risk of c r o p i n ju r y or. of spray drift. Do not permit doiry onim ols cr m eat onim ols b eing finished for slaughter t fo ra g e or graze treated groin fields within 2 weeks a fte r treatm ent. S p rin g W h e a t a n d B arley: Apply Vj to V) pint p e r ocre by air or g round equipm ent. A L p i n t p e r a c r e r a r e of ESTERON 7 6 BE is o n o v e r o g e d o s a g e , e f f e c t i v e o n m o n y w e e d s . S p r e w h e n g ro in is in full tiller s ta g e (u su ally A to 8 in ch es to ll) bu t b e fo re th e boot s ta g e on 'w hen w eeds o re small. Do not o p p ly b e fo re the tiller s ta g e nor from eo rly boot to the douc. s ta g e . H igher ra te s (up to P*j pints p e r ocre) m ay b e re q u ire d to control certoin w eeds bi Crop injury may result. W i n t e r W h e a t o n d R y e : A p p l y L j to *.-* p i n t p e r o c r e i n t h e s p r i n g o t t h e full t i l l e r s t o g but before the eorly boot stage. See m ore complete use directions under Spring W hec a n d Borley. S p r i n g S e e d e d O a t s : A p p l y Va p i n t p e r o c r e o t t h e f u ll ti l l e r s f o g e b u t b e f o r e t h e e a r b o o t s to g e . O ats o re less to le ro n t to 2.4-D th a n w h e a t or b o rle y o n d o re m ore likely to suffc s o m e in ju ry , e s p e c i a l l y if h i g h e r r o t e s ( V j to Va piA t) a r e u s e d to c o n tr o l d if f ic u lt w e e d P r e h a r v e s t T r e a t m e n t : A p p l y 2/a t o P ' a p i n t s p e r o c r e w h e n g r a i n s o r e in t h e h a r d dow c s to g e to conirol lorge w eeds th at may interfere with harvest. Best results will be*obfoine w h e n soil m o is tu r e is s u f f i c i e n t to c a u s e s u c c u l e n t w e e d g r o w t h . N O T E : D o n o t f e e d i r e o t e straw to livestock. WEED CONTROL IN CORN: Use one ol th e following three program s: P re e m e rg e n c e : App 1 */3 to 2 J/a p i n t s p e r a c r e to s o il a n y t i m e o f t e r p l a n t i n g b u t b e f o r e c o r n e m e r g e s . Do n< u s e o n l ig h t s o n d y soil. E m e r g e n c e ; A p p l y Va p i n t p e r a c r e |ust o s corn p l o n t s o r e b r e o k m g ro u n d . P o s te m e rg e n c e : Aftet e m e rg e n c e of corn, use 1 a pint per ocre. A pplication of 1 to Va p in t p e r oc re m a y b e n e e d e d for m axim um c o n tro l of some w e e d s b u t such rotes or m o r e l i k e l y t o i n j u r e t h e c o r n . If c o r n is Over 8 i n c h e s t a l l , u s e d r o p n o z z l e s to k e e p t h e Ip<c off the corn folioge os much os possible. Do not a p p ly from the tosselm g to d o u g h stoge C n o t u s e w ith o il , o t r o n n e c r o d | u o n t s C r o p i n ju r y s m o r e likely to occu r if c o rn is grwir. r a p i d l y ' u n d e r h i g h t e m p e r a t u r e o n d h i g h soil m o i s t u r e c o n d i t i o n s . To r e d u c e b r e o k o g r c s t a l k s fr o m t e m p o r a r y b r i t t l e n e s s c o u s e d b y 2.4 D. d e l a y c u l t i v a t i o n fo r 8 to 10 d a y s o l i e t r e a t m e n t N O T E . H y b r i d s v o t y in r e s p o n s e to 2.4 D o n d s o m e o r e e a s i l y i n j u r e d S p r o y on i v a rie tie s known to b e to lero n l to 2.4.0 C o ntoct s e e d c o m p a n y o n d Extension Service W ee Speciolists for this inform ation , ac t n c n c t io*- ** *: u* . - .4 * r%,. ....-- - -- . . . . . . b u t the (h o n ce for cro p injury it likew ise in c re a se d . Do not ut with oil or e th e r e d ju o n tt. Do not tre a t b efo re th e sorghum it 5 inches tall nor during the boot, flow ering or e orly d o u g h s t a g e * . If s o r g h u m is t o l l e r t h a n 8 i n c h e s , u s e d r o p n o z z l e * to k e e p th e s p r a y o t f t h e f o l i a g e os much os pot*ble. T em porary crop injury may occur under condition of high sod moisture o n d h ig h oir. t e m p e r o t u r e s . V a r ie tie s v a r y in t o ie r o n c e to 2 .4 * 0 a n d so m e h y b rid * o r e q u ite sensitive. Sproy only varieties known to b e toleront to 2.4-D. Contact see d com pany ond Extension Service W e e d Specialists for this info rm atio n . Do not a p p ly in th e vicinity of cotton, t o y b to n t a n d oth er ,4>D susceptible plants. W E E D C O N T R O L IN G R A S S SEED C R O P S ; U se Vs to 1 p in t p e r a c r e in t h e a m o u n t of w a t e r re q u ire d for uniform a p p lic a tio n by o ir or g ro u n d equipm ent. Apply to e sta b lis h e d stands in spring from the tiller to e arly bo o t sto g e. Do not sproy in boot stage. N ew spring s e e d m g s con b e tre o te d w ith the lower ra te o ffer the grasses have a t least five leoves. Perenniol w e e d regrow th c o n b e tre o te d in the loll. W E E D A N D B RUSH C O N T R O U N R A N G E L A N D A N D G R A S S PASTURES BY AIR O R G R O U N D EQUIPMENT: NOTE: Do not g r a t e d a iry onim ols on tre o te d o re o s within 7 days offer op* I plication. The follow ing treatm ents will injure or kill legum es so uie only w h e re loss of legum es can be to le ra te d . Do not a p p ly on newly s e e d e d a re a s until gross it well estob* fished. Do not o p p f y from e o rly b o o t to milk s to g e w hen gross s e e d p ro d u c tio n is d e s ir e d . B r o o d le o f W e e d s : To con tro l b i n e r w e e d , b ro o m w e e d , croton, docks, k o c h ia , m o r s h e ld e r , m u s k t h i s t l e o n d o t h e r s , u s e 2 V i t o 3 p i n t s of ESTERO N 76 BE p e r o e r e in t h e o m o u n l of w a t e r n e e d e d f o r u n i f o r m a p p l i c a t i o n . If t h e w e e d s o r e y o u n g a n d g r o w i n g o c t i v e l y 1 V 2 to 2 p i n t s p e r a cre will pro v id e control of m an y species. D eep -ro o ted pere n n ia l w e ? d s m ay re q u ire r e p e a t e d treatm en ts in the sam e y e o r or in su b se q u e n t yeors. C h a p a r r a l B ru sh S p e c ie s: To con tro l chom ise, m o n i o n i t o , b uckbrush, c o a s ta l t o g o n d c e r ta in o th e r c h a p a r r a l s p e c ie s, use 1 V3 to 2 q u o rts p e r o c re in 8 to 10 g o llo n s of w a te r . A g a llo n of oil p e r a cre m ay b e in c lu d e d in the sproy mixture for o d d e d effectiveness, For effective control, the brush must be fully leafed out ond growing actively w hen sproyed. Retrearmeni moy b e needed. B i g S a g e b r u s h : U s e I V2 <0 2 q u o r t s p e r o c r e in 2 to 3 g o l l o n s o f oil o r in 3 to 5 g o l l o n s o f il*waer em ulsion s p ray . For effective co n trol the s o g e b r u s h sh o u ld b e in full f o tio g e o n d grow ing octively w hen sprayed. I W EED CONTROL IN N O N -C R O P A R EA S SUCH AS LAW NS. AIRFIELDS, ROADSIDES, V A C A N T LOTS, D R A I N A G E DITCH B A N K S : A p p l y 1 to 2 q u a r t s of ESTERON 7 6 BE p e r ocre in the om ounl of w a ter n e e d e d fo r uniform opplic o tio n . Usuolly 1Vj quorts per ocre provides good w eed control under o v erag e conditions. Treat when w eeds ore young ond growing well. Do not use on golf g reens nor on dichondra or other b ro o d leo f herboceous g r o u n d covers. Do not use o n c r e e p i n g g ro sses such os b e n t o n d St. A u g u stin e e x c e p t for spot tre o tin g , nor o n newly s e e d e d turf until gross is well e stab lish ed . R eseed in g of tre a te d oreos should be d e la y e d following treatm ent. With spring opplicotion, reseed in'the loll; with foil a p p lic a tio n , re s e e d in th e sp rin g , le g u m e s ore usually dorrioged or kilted so do ! not treot oreos where the legumes ore desired. Deep-rooted perennioPw eeds moy require re p e o te d tre a tm e n ts in the som e s e a s o n o r in su b seq u en t yeors. W O O D Y PLANT CONTROL IN N O N -C R O P AREAS: To control species susc e p tib le to 2.4-D in right-of-w ays, fen cero w s, J o o d s id e s , o n d o lo n g d r o in o g e ditch b o n k s, Sproy b ru sh u p to 5 to 8 fe e t toll o ffe r spring fo lia g e is well d e v e lo p e d , using 2 to 3 q u o rts of ESTERON 76 BE in 1 0 0 g o l l o n s of w o t e r o n d w e t t i n g o il p o rts of th e b r u s h i n c l u d in g f o l i a g e , s tem s o n d b ark . This m ay re q u ire u p to 4 0 0 g o llo n s of sproy for o d e q u o te c o v e ra g e of solid stonds of brush. M oke o p p lic o tio n in such a w o y os to prevent drift of the sproy off ihe o r e o b e in g tre o te d . S p ro y in g c a n b e effective 01 o n y time u p to 3 w eeks be fo re frost os lo n g a s soil m o istu re is s u f f ic ie n t fo r o c liv e g r o w t h o f th e b r u s h . Less e ffe c tiv e c o n tro l m o y b e o b t a i n e d d u r i n g hot d ry w e o f h e r w h e n soil m o is tu re is d e f ic ie n t o n d p la n ts a r e n o t o c tiv e ly g ro w in g . O il or w etting a g e n t m oy b e o d d e d to the sproy, if n e e d e d for in c re o se d effectiveness. For m ore resistont species o n d for g e n e r a l control of m ixed brush, use ESTERON Brush Killer or ESTERON 245 herbicide. SPOT TREATMENT: To control b ro o d le o f w eeds in small non-croplond a r e a s w ith o h a n d t p r o y e r , u s e (. s p i n t o f E S T E R O N 7 6 BE in 3 g o l l o n s o f w a t e r o n d s p r a y to t h o r o u g h l y w e t o il w e e d fo lio ge. K e e p sproy mixture o g ito te d to prevent s ep a ra tio n . USE PRECAUTIONS D o n o t e p p l y ES T E RO N 7 6 BE h e r b i c i d e d i r e c t l y t o . or o tn e r w i e p e r m i t it to c o m e i n t o cont o d with co tto n , g ro p e s . Iruit trees, v e g e ta b le s , flowers or other d e s ir o b ie c ro p or or noI m e n t o l p lo r.ts w h i c h o r e se n s itiv e to 2 .4 -D h e r b i c i d e Do n o t p e rm it s p r o y mi*t 10 d r i t t o n to them , since even very small quonttes of the sproy. which moy not b e visible, cun couve severe injury d u rin g both growing o n d dorm ant period* Use coorse sproy* to minimize drift W ith g ro u n d e q u ip m e n t, sproy drift con b e lessened by k e ep in g the sproy boom os low os p o s sib le ; by a p p ly in g 2 0 g a llo n s or m o re of tp 'O y p e r ocre; by using no m ore th o n 2 0 p o u n d s s p r o y in g p re s su re with H ot Io n or flo o d in g Hot Io n nozzle tip*, by s p ra y in g w h e n wind velocity is low; o n d by s to p p in g oil s p /o y m g w h e n *md e t c e r d * 6 to 7 mile* p e r hour Do n o t o p p ly w ith h o l l o w c o n e - t y p e i n s e c t i c i d e or o t h e r n o n les t h a t p r o d u c e o I e - d r o p le t s p r o y W ith oircrofl opplicotion. drift con b e reduced by o p p ly n g a minimum ol 5 gallon* ot sproy p e r o c r e . b y u s i n g n o m o re t h o n 2 0 p o u n d * s p r o y p r e s s u r e Ot i h r noz zle*, by u * m g noz zle* w hich p ro d u c e o coo rse sproy p o d e r n , a n d by s p ra y in g only n m the w ind velocity 1* less thon 5 miles per hour. 9 lit . 3^ Wlll'tl 'c wimu ibbigwtitij iuwqio luucpiioic crops or ornomenioi pionli. * T h i s a h i g h - v o l o t i l # 7 , 4 * 0 t i e r f o r m u l a t i o n . V a p o r s f r o m t h i s p r o d u c t m a y i n j u r * su sc e p tib le p la n ts g ro w in g n e arb y . Oo not use m or neor o green h o u se Eicrtie um oum t mo f th is h e r b i c i d e the toil may tem p o rarily inhibit te e d g e rm m o tio n or plant g#owin Thit p ro d u c t is toxic to fith. K e ep out of lo k e t. ttr e o m t o n d p o n d t. Do no* a p p ly when ru n o ff it likely to occur. Oo not c o n lo m m o te w a t e r by c i e o n m g of e q u i p m e n t or d is p o s a l of w ottet- Oo not c o n to m m o te rrigotion d itc h e t or w a ter uved for irrigation or dom et tie p u r p tr i To a v o i d <n|u ry t o d e t i r o b l e p l o n t t , d o n o t h a n d l e or a p p l y o t h e r a g r i c u l t u r a l c h e r m c o l t w it h t h e t a m e e q u i p m e n t u t e d f o r E S TE RO N 7 6 BE e x c e p t a t s p e c i f i e d o n th it l a b e l This p ro d u c t con b e stored in on u n h e o te d b u ild in g but d o not store n e o r fertilisers, seeds, i n s e c t i c i d e s , o r f u n g i c i d e s - If e x p o s e d to t u b f r e e z i n g t e m p e r a t u r e s , it s h o u l d b e w a r m e d to of le o st 40 F a n d m ixed thoroughly b e fo re using. Oo not reuse conioiner Dispose of empty c o n r o i n e r t b y p u n c h i n g h o l e s *n t h e m o n d b u r y i n g w it h w a s t e in n o n - c r o p l a n d a w a y from w ater supplies or follow officiol locol recom m endations for container disposal, local conditions m ay affect the use of herbicides. Consult your Store Agricultural Experiment Stotion or Extension Service w eed specialists for advice in selecting treatm ents from this la b e l to best fit locol conditions. Be s u re t h a t u s e of this p ro d u c t conform s to oil a p p lic a b le regulations. A pply this product only as specified on this label. CAUTION KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED MAY CAUSE IRRITATION Avoid Contact with Eyes. Skin and Clothing NOTICE: Seller worromi hot the product conforms to n chemical description and *sreasonably l.r lor he purposes Stored on the lobel when used in occordonce with directions under normal conditions of use. but neither thrs worronty nor ony other worronty of MERCHANTABILITYor FITn$ FOR A PAR UCUIAR PURPOSE, express or implied. extends to the use of this product contrary to label instructions, or unper obnormol conditions, or under conditions not entonooly foreseeable *oseller, cmp buyer cn- tumes K#*sSof ony wch use. 01172 THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY ANO SUSStOIAAlCS M IO LA N O . M IC H IG A N 4 6 6 4 0 . U S A ZU R IC H . SWTTZERLAND HOMO KONG. 0C C ' "CO RAL CA BLE S. FLORIOA 3 3 1 3 4 . U S A S A R N IA . ONTARIO. C A N A D A t * w -- -- mt TVI O O tt C N t H C M C o u r t ! /X C L m i s IM * I*Ht'.J'il'Oii.JjIVv U!'M11**#***** # I f l ' * . N * * * 4 4 4 , < 4 1 4*1l ' *.*. | * * .M \ I * l | ! !, * u * i i I I I i v'M v , * t 4 4(< *v4 14 k ** 4* H # I # * t ** ** 4 * , , 9* r - f ' 4 i <% . ( ` F !* !' I4*'*'* **H 1 1*01 'I U 'v ( H l N>4 4* *4*1 IS# 14*1,1 Ml !* Ir 1 0*fV*#i| 9*9 9'M u j * - <(<# * m J v %im i r ; i * u v1*** U '4 f ( fM V | #* |l r*4**l.t * ' *4 J I *4 * 4**'1 100 f*ll+*| W ! (* ' Hi* 1*4 |*ii. 91*4 h,**f**1 llpUtl,il'l *| I I***!ft'IMHit | (r**4r'iS *i'*1iI**ii 9*4**!*%**m * ., *M# 4l*M **4 4*4* f f l 10 l|* *-f* Dt H ' 1*1**14ii,.iIt#N*i4*4wi*' iu9* |)I|ihIi*i 9*14*Ii*i4'i**'H| i**<' 1*11 II >> Ml4 l|l*44,*M( 1^4 Wft|**| 44! |iV\` |\U tltAlWfSl |S|tMtMt4i4Ml9J^,l *4 4 V * | I m h . I 4* V'M* 4 * 4 * 4 4 4 | 1 4 1 1 " t4* W **J 4* 1*4 f l i t * 14 | M l i * W i l l 1 h 4* ! * *4 t H M I M * # 4 * 4 f c f |h l M 4 W f ***4l 4 * . * , * *i - i t r** * * .', n * ii t f r i n '* 1 1*1 | l 4 44*'% * l i f t *4*1 I p i * ) | * I M * ' I*? I1 l | f . *!, t * ' 4 l4 ^ 4 , l i | * l # | * M i l ' j * f (<i i 4* *# **! b i t r M * 4 # i t .* 11 # * ** f* 4 v W *9 I| !*I *4*1fi|l1l I*4*1} t*<4*l| * J ,* ' ' ** C "* 1 1 i f 1 * * ' 1 i i **i #' ' k< ` *'*! * VS* -,'i ' W '< I 1 4* , I ,U * | * * * | \ M f l t |l * |s ! I# 4*4*44( Ii4 * l4 , 4 |* l 1 * 4 IS 4 4 tJ * 4 14 ' I * I* 4 4 |* l| | l |IM | I ? | ' P M ( . n * . 1* * * * * 4 m l 4 1 1 *, 4* * 1 1 * . # ) f t * S l ** f * * f * 4 * , t * 1* S , l 4* * 4 I N ! , | * ^ | I ' I * # | w *i i* 4 i s*I*| . f l ! , I | H ||W>| < ** 1*4 *4*l44*4It4l**1 Sl Sl l'llli n4*'!| . * p * 4*** * * 9 ^ + 4 1 l * | * | * * * | 1 S i 4 4 4* 4 * f ** *4 * 4 * # 4 t * 4 , t ' 4 4 > |* > . *S* ** 90 V t * > < f 1 l M I ( ! " l' 4 .* | * I* H I * I 4 * | ' * ' ' W ' l 1 * ' | * J ' * ! #*1 * 4 f * U l ' 'S A t 'l i l H ' H | ** -- 4 * f I * ! '- | M H K M * r i - n r ' S H | ' 4 mmmrn ^ ...... . I'rcji; Hil'ar iK m . n 11NoAtjAn.iO*IUUA<U(Mlrtlfif.0.n,, itriYinofiniiNni P f f I .* at 1.* OlwVt.l^H>a. | an<!i f i l i * ............ .... 1 . l i i 1 L U -tia M .if AiW '*................. nitiwomin,................... t o m ............ til )rt m T53\ l , J . y a u U O I A V a r U ^ r M r f l . AiW 1 1 U ' x . H I'llllM i f |< i.a |* f.ll| *W 11 111 'C: II. r * w .i*.'M.'*.i.;.*...... . * ' ^ **. i i#-* * - * I <#>* i'ii . *# >t: U'-'-O i*.i <'./ j l * !J * ^ i 4 * M >j, , 1*i ' ..***!I, i i*(*.; I*. I 1**1*. I I. * * *. II* t . C -*(i* C ii',,o ,t I Ik, * * * . 4 14* f po*y *.. * PC *%" * . u m' 1 *. * . * . - .* . . 9 1. Mm 'i n * , b *1 !*.<' . 4 ..1 * *' ' 1 ||* .# 9 lir.' 9-4 4 * l* 1 1, , f * 0 0 N C* I 4 . ....................... * O O h O * ................... 4-1If. * * I 'I '' / V \ | ; HUM '*. 1 |k v . | J 4**"`4'**- ......................' *(*11 *-#,' **, ' ' t* blA / .f|M M 9 +4 * ' *.* * 1 , j l UTf t t r* * ' ............................ ( * 4 f lM l| t|l>4.Ma * 4*'* 1 r * i* | 9* M IL it| # * I* '* * V * M 4 *! ' 111 |*9 f* | **l*| t. A * # S*# ' f ! r** l.'t u t 1 t..* :* , I I I / ' J I'* | h A* ) | S * tm l 1 If.# V /^ \ rO ^ .A ..-V'Wa.v'JVir'^ n -'.V-m1 Am.'1WM '  1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COUR E A S T E R N 1D I S T R I C T O F N E W Y O R 2 MDL No. 381 3 4 In re Deposition of: 5 "AGENT ORANGE" 6 Product Liability Litigation WILLIAM J MC CARVILLE 7. 3 o* T R A N S C R I P T o f t e s t i m o n y as t a k e n b y a n d b e f c r 10 M A R G A R E T J. T E I L M A 8 E R , a C e r t i f i e d S h o r t h a n d 1 1 R e p o r t e r and N o t a r y Public of the State of New 1 2 J e r s e y and New Yo r k , at the o f f i c e s of T O W N LEY & 13 U P D I K E , 4 0 5 L e x i n g t o n A v e n u e , N e w Y o r k , M e w Y o r k , 14 o n F r i d a y , F e b r u a r y 11, 1 9 8 3. j 15 17 17 1C 19 2C 21 2 2 405 Northfield Avenue W est Orange, New Jersey 07052 2 3 (2 0 1 ) 7 3 1 - 9 5 7 5 24 25 2>I*- Mc Ca rv i1 1 e d i r e c t 1 A . Ye s . 95 2 Q. T h e r e a f t e r d i d y o u e v e r h e a r f r o m anyor, 3 t h a t y o u r p r o d u c t w a s b e i n g a n d h a d b e e n u s e d in 4 Vi et Nan? 5 A. Y e s . 6 Q . W h e n did y ou hear it for the f irst tine 7 A. M y r e c o l l e c t i o n , s o m e t i m e in t h e e a r l y 3 seventies. 9 Q- W e r e y o u s u r p r i s e d ? LO A. I d o n ' t r e c a l l o n e w a y or -the -at h e r . 1 1 Q. Do y o u r e m e m b e r h a v i n g a n y f e e l i n g at a 12 `w h e n y o u h i r e d f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e t h a t t h a t orod uc * 1 3 .-was b e i n g u s e d in V i e t 'Warn? 1 4 HR. S A S E T T A : O b j e c t i o n to the form. 15 A. Did' I h a v e a ny f e e l i n g at a l l ? 1 6 Q. A n y f e e l i n g one way or the o t h e r or any 17 f e e l i n g of s u r p r i s e or shock. IS MR. S A B E T T A : O b j e c t i o n to the form. 19 Q- A n y e m o t i o n a l r e a c t i o n at all. 20 A . I g u e s s it e x p l a i n e d why they b o u g h t so m u c h , 21 yes. 22 Q. D i d y o u h a v e t h a t q u e s t i o n of w h y t h e y 2 3 b o u g h t so m u c h for a n u m b e r of y e a r s ? 2 4 A. Not p h y s i c a l l y , no. ^ 2 5 Q. W h e n you say I g u e s s it e x p l a i n e d why ^ P w a a a a n d s p in e lli c e rtifie d sh o rth a n d re p orters McCarville direct 95 1 t h e y b o u g h t so m u c h , y o u as the d i r e c t o r of prod l O sales and the person who was selling the stuff 3 w a n t e d to s e l l as m u c h as p o s s i b l e p r e s u m a b l y . I 4 tha t true? 5 A. W a n t e d to s e l l as m u c h as we c o u l d in respor. 6 to the g o v e r n m e n t r e q u e s t . 7 Q . Y o u r a n s w e r `-is y o u d i d w a n t to sell as 3 m u c h as p o s s i b l e . W a s n ' t th a t y o u r job?. Isn't' t 9 true? 10 A. The g o v e r n m e n t was a c u s t o m e r . 1 1 Q. Y o u r job w a s n ' t to s e l l as m u c h of any 12 p r o d u c t that you m a n u f a c t u r e d as you c o u l d ? 13 -A. S i n c e t h i s w a s a p r o b l e m , a c u s t o m e r . , t h a t I 14 c o u l d n ' t i n f l u e n c e , I r e s p o n d e d . 15 Q. In a n y e v e n t , s o m e t i m e in the e a r l y 16 s e v e n t i e s y o u r q u e s t i o n as to w h y t h e r e w as so mu 17 o f t h i s p r o d u c t sold w a s a n s w e r e d . Is t h a t c o r r e IS A. My r e c o l l e c t i o n , yes. 19 Q . Y o u found o u t t h a t it w a s b e i n g used i 20 V i e t M a m . Is t h a t c o r r e c t? 21 A. Ye s . 22 Q. W h e n y ou t a l k a b o u t t he e a r l y s e v e n t i e 2 3 was that a f t e r 1973 or from the p e r i o d of, say, ' 24 to '73? 25 A. I d o n ' t recall e x a c t l y w h e n . At o n e point i ______________ __ ____________ :____________________________________ \i //-rir-\ i'-it-iH rr^in<=lli r>H chnrthnnrl 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 .12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COUR' E A S T E R N D I S T R I C T OF NEW YORK MDL No. 381 In re "AGENT ORANGE" Product Liability Litigation : D e p o s i t i o n of: : C E C I L H. R U S S E L ! : T R A N S C R I P T of t e s t i m o n y as taken by and before N A N C Y C. B E N D I S H , a C e r t i f i e d S h o r t h a n d R e p o r t e r ar N o t a r y Pjublic o f the. S t a t e o f N e w Jersey., a t t h e M A R R I O T T , St. L o u i s , M i s s o u r i , o n M o n d a y , M a y 2, 1983, c o m m e n c i n g at 9: 3 0 in the f o r e n o o n . 405 Northfield Avenue West Orange, New Jersey 07052 (201) 7 3 1 - 9 6 6 6 1 1k III 1 2 3 4 5 5 7 3 9 in *ik 12 13 14 15 15 17 13 19 20 21 23 24 75 C . Russell 55 you've spoken about before, but what have you published for Monsanto? A . Well, the three fertilizer blending articles and the Scotts s t a n d a r d m ethod of a n alysis. * Q . Anything else? A. N o t h i n g in t h e l i t e r a t u r e . Q. W e l l , t h a t ' s w h a t w e ' l l be t a l k i n g a b o u t , a b o u t p u b l i s h i n g th-at w o u l d be in t h e l i t e r a t u r e . A . Yes . Q. A n d w h e n y o u s a y y o u p u b l i s h e d p r i v a t e m a t t e r s , I ' m t r y i n g to a s c e r t a i n w h a t y o u m e a n , s i r ? A. W e l l , the p r i v a t e m'atters w o u l d be p r o c e d u r a l . s% * . Q . W h a t do y o u mean, sir? A. P r o c e s s e s , m a n u a l s of o p e r a t i o n , that sort of thing. / Q. And did any of those p r i v a t e l y published a r t i c l e s h a v e to do w i t h p h e n o x y h e r b i c i d e s ? A. N o . Q. D i d a n y o f t h o s e -- A. Correction. Specifications. C. We'll' talk about that. You created the f o r O r a n g e 1, d i d y o u n o t ? Q. O r a n o e 1? MR. Did SABETTA: O b j e c t i o n to the f o rm. 133 you c r e a t e the s p e c i f i c a t i o n for C. Russell 1 MR. S A B L`7 7 \ : O b j e c t i o n to the f o r m . 2 A . I v/rote it, ny v e r s ion of it. 3 Q . Well, when you say you wrote your version 4 of it, was not y o u r v e r s i o n the one that was then 5 incorporated into MIL specs? 5 MR. SAB E T T A : Objection. 7 A. T h e y w e r e the s a n e . 8 Q . And your, version that you created was 9 c r e a t e d b e f o r e the M I L s p e c , w a s it not? 10 MR. S A B E T T A : O b j e c t i o n . 11 A. No. 12 Q. W a s y o u r v e r s i o n t h a t y o u c r e a t e d c r e a t e d 13 a f t e r t h e M I L s p e c s ? 14 A . A l m o s t s i m u l t a n e o u s l y . . S I i g h t l y _ r-- i t . I 15 d o n ' t r e m e m b e r w h o . We w o r k e d t o g e t h e r, m o r e or 16 less. 17 Q. W h e n y o u s a y we, w h o do y o u m e a n ? 18 A. C o u p l e o f g e n t l e m e n f r o m t h e m i l i t a r y . 19 Q. C o l o n e l B a r t l e t t , is he o n e ? 20 A. T h a t d o n ' t s o u n d like it. T h e y c a m e h e r e but I 21 d o n ' t s p e c i f i c a l l y r e m e m b e r t h e i r n a m e s . T h e y w e r e 22 c h e m i s t s . 2 3 Q . G o v e r n m e n t c h e m i s t s w h o c_at) e to ..Mo n s a n_to , 24 right? 2 5 A. Ye s . . 9 K 2>Q>1 1 UNI T E D STATES D I S T R I C T CC EASTERN D I S T R I C T OF NEW \ 2 MDL N O . 381 3 4 5 In re Deposition o 6 "AGENT ORANGE" WESLEY R . K O S 7 Product Liability Litigation 3 O o' 10 11 T R A N S C R I P T of t e s t i m o n y as taken by and bef 12 T H O M A S L. LA F E R A , a C e r t i f i e d S h o r t h a n d R e p o r t e ... - - - . * 1.3 a n d N o t a r y P u b l i c of t h e S t a t e o f N e w J e r s e y , at 14 T R E A S U R E I S L A N D INN, D a y t o n a B e a c h , F l o r i d a , on 15 F r i d a y , the 27th day of January, 1934, c o m m e n c i n 16 1 0 : 0 9 in the f o r e n o o n . 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 405 North field A v e n u e West Orange, New Jersey 07052 24 (201 ) 73 1 -9 6 66 | 25 ___________ __________________________________ _________ 3 ^ w ana a n d soinelli certified shorthand reporters Fenner r 109 1 MR. WHITE: Objection. 2 A . That's my understanding of'the directed order 3 yes. 4 Q. In o t h e r w o r d s , it l o g i c a l l y f o l l o w s an: 5 it can be a s s u m e d that in the ev e n t a c h e m i c a l 6 c o m p a n y d o e s n o t c h o o s e to m a k e the h e r b i c i d e , it 7 could refuse. 8 MR. BURKE: Objection. 9 A. M y u n d e r s t a n d i n g is y e s . 1 0 3. In y o u r e a r l i e r t e s t i m o n y , y o u s t a t e d , 11 a n d it w a s s h o w n in e x h ib i t s , t h a t t e r m i n a t i o n 1*2 l e t t e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d o n o r a b o u t D e c e m b e r .16t h, *. 13 1 9 6 8 , f o r c o n t r a c t s -- *-v " 14 A. Or t e l e g r a m s , I t h i n k it w a s -- *i t w a s d o n e b y 15 T W X . 16 Q. Do y o u r e c a l l , t h e r e a f t e r , if a n y 17 c o n t r a c t s f o r t h e H e r b i c i d e O r a n g e w e r e 'n e g o t i a t e d 16 ^ b e t w e e n t h e G o v e r n m e n t a n d a n y o f t h e c h e m i c a l 19 c o m p a n i e s a f t e r D e c e m b e r 16, 1 9 6 8 ? 20 A. N o , s i r , I d o n ' t r e c a l l a n y . 21 Q . Had t h e r e been any such n e g o t i a t i o n s , 22 w o u l d y o u h a v e b e e n i n v o l v e d in e a c h a n d e v e r y o n e 23 o r w o u l d s o m e b o d y e l s e p o s s i b l y h a v e n e g o t i a t e d ? 24 A. S o m e o n e e l s e c o u l d h a v e b e e n . X w o u l d h a v e 25 b e e n the m o s t l i k e l y one, I w o u l d s a y . ' '_ .________ $<*1 w ag a and spinelli 1 o 4m 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 W. K o s t e r r 1 p r o d u c i n g A g e n t O r a n g e or a n y c o m p a n y p r o d u c i n g th components thereof? A. I d o n ' t r e m e m b e r s p e c i f i c c a s e s of a n y s u c h thing, but I think Miss Lewis did that as a matter ofcourse. Q. Do you r e c a l l her e v e r i n d i c a t i n g such appeal underway? MS. B O L G E R : O b j e c t i o n . A. W o u l d you r e p e a t the q u e s t i o n ? Q. Do y o u e v e r r e c a l l her s p e c i f i c a l l y s a y i n g to y o u t h a t c h e m i c a l c o m p a n y A h a s a p p e a l e d directive* order X? *S A. I c a n ' t r e c a l l a n y s p e c i f i c i n s t a n c e o f that*. "' '*i MR. T Y R R E L L : Objection. q . If a c o m p a n y w a s n o t p r o d u c i n g the p r o d u c t s r e q u i r e d by the D e p a r t m e n t of D e f e n s e , w o u l d the D e f e n s e P r o d u c t i o n Act of 1950 as amende r e q u i r e that they b e g i n p r o d u c t i o n if s u c h a d i r e c t i v e or r a t e d o r d e r - wa s i s s u e d ? MR. G O L D S T E I N : Objection. It c a l l s fo a legal conclusion. MR. TY.RRELL: Objection Q. You m a y a n s w e r . 6 / A. I c a n a n s w e r it. ^ T h e r e w a s an u n d e r s t a n d i n g t h a t I h a d in t h o s e y e a r s w h i c h I c a n ' t d e f i n e r ig w n n n n n d sninelfi certified shorthand renorlers ^ 0 W. K o s t e r x _ 1 1 n o w , and c a n ' t r e m e m b e r t h e m as to w h e t h e r a c o m p a % 2 be f o r c e d to m a k e a g i v e n p r o d u c t if th e y did not 3 n o r m a l l y m a k e it. My r e c o l l e c t i o n is t h a t we c o u l 4 not. 5 Q. S i r , y o u r e t i r e d in 1 9 7 0 ? 6 A. Two . 7 Q. And in 1 9 7 2 w a s M i s s J a n e L e w i s s t i l l 8 working with you? 9 A. She c h a n g e d j o b s at s o m e t i m e . I c a n ' t recal 10 w h e t h e r it w a s b e f o r e I r e t i r e d or a f t e r . S h e m o v 11 to a n o t h e r p l a c e in t h e d e p a r t m e n t . 12 Q. W o u l d it h a v e b e e n c l o s e to 1 9 7 2 if it . . . *<. 13 w a s b e f o r e , do you r e c a l l ? 14 A. i" w o u l d s a y it w o u l d h a v e b e e n t h a t s h e w o u l d 15 h a v e s t i l l b e e n in t h e d e p a r t m e n t t h r o u g h a l l t h i s 15 p e r i o d h r e w h i c h g o e s up to S e p t e m b e r or O c t o b e r 17 1968. I d o n ' t think she m a d e any m o v e b e f o r e that 18 Q. W h a t a b o u t b e t w e e n 1968 and 1 9 7 2 , do yc 19 r ec a 11 ? 20 A. No. That' s the area I'm not sure o f She ma 21 h a v e s t i l l b e e n t h e r e i n t h a t t irae a n d I d o n ' t k n o 22 Q . 5 i r , y.o u h a v e n o s p e c i f i c r c o l l e c t i o n 23 e v e r d i s c u s s i n g c h l o r a c n e w i t h J a n e L e w i s , d o y o u , 24 s i r - 25 MR. G O L D S T E I N : Obj ec t io n . 1 ' r ' - - - 1- -- 15 ill 1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK MDL #381 ) DELCARATION OF JOHN A. RICHARDS I, John A. Richards, being duly-sworn, depose and state that based on the records, files and documents to which I have access, control and supervision, the following is true to the best of my knowledge, information and belief: (1) I am Director of the Office of Industrial Resource Administration, an office in the International Trade Administration of the U.S. Department of Commerce. Formerly, we were named the Office of Industrial Mobilization. Since .4 . 1968, I have been employed in numerous capacities within this office. (2) a) The Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended, (50 U.S.C. App. 2061 et. seg.) authorizes the President "to require that performance under contracts or orders (other than contracts of employment) which he deems necessary or appropriate to promote the national defense, shall take priority over performance under any other contract or order, and, for the purpose of assuring such priority, to require acceptance and performance of such contracts or orders in preference to other contracts or orders by any person he finds capable of their performance." 13 * z (b) Executive Order 10480, as amended, 3 CFR 962 (1949-1953 comp.)/ 50 U.S.C. App. 2153, delegates`authority with respect to all materials and facilities except petroleum, gas, solid fuels, electric power, food, transportation, storage, port facilities, and distribution of fertilizer and farm equipment, through the Director of the Federa] Emergency Management Agency to the Secretary of Commerce. (c) Department of Commerce Organization Order 10-3 (45 FR 641, January 25, 1980) provides for the organization and assignment of functions and delegations of authority including certain authorities of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended, to the Under Secretary for International Trade. (d) International Trade Administration Organization and Function Order No. 41-1 (45 FR 11862, February 22, 19B0) provides that the Office of Industrial Mobilization shall perform national defense and mobilization functions, including administration of a system of priorities and allocations to guarantee an adequate supply of strategic, critical, and other products and materials for defense and defense-supporting activities authorized by the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended. (e) The Defense Materials System Reg. 1, as amended, and Defense Priorities System, Reg. 1, as amended, (recently combined into the Defense Priorities and Allocations System (15 C.F.R. Part 330 et. al.) but previously cited as 32A CFR Parts 621-662) establish an operating system under which 318 allocations and priorities are administered in order to keep defense programs on schedule. i (f) The Department of Commerce in BDC Del. 1 (41 FR 13641) (now Office of Industrial Resource Administration) delegated to the Secretary of Defense authority to place and authorize others to place mandatory acceptance orders. (g) The above items 2(c) through (f) set forth'the delegations of authority under the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended,, within the Department of Commerce, and to the Department of Defense by the Department of Commerce, as they currently exist. During the period September 20, 1966, through September 18, 1968, the following delegations were in effect: 1) Department of Commerce Order 152 (October 10, 1953) * N. 18 FR 6503, as revised 29 FR 5408. 2) -National Production Authority Reg. 2, as amended, (March 23, 1953) 18 FR 1684. 3) Defense Materials System Reg. 1, as amended, (December 2, 1959) 24 FR 9595. 4) Business and Defense Services Administration Del. 1, as amended, (May 31, 1960) 25 FR 5788. (3) a) On September 20, 1966, the Defense Supply Agency, of the Department of Defense, Cameron Station, Alexandria, Virginia, requested assistance from the Business and Defense Services Administration, (now the Office of Industrial Resource Administration), to obtain and accelerate the delivery of the herbicide - defoliant "Orange.11 b) In response to this request for special priorities assistance, the_0ffice_of Industrial Mobilization on March 24, 1967, issued directives_to producers of defoliant "Orange" (Diamond Alkali Company, Dow Chemical, .Hercules Incorporated, Monsanto Company, Thompson Chemicals), to . accelerate monthly rates of delivery of `'Orange." Also the Office of Industrial Mobilization issued directives to Hooker Chemical Corporation, a producer of tetrachlorobenzene and trichlorophenol which are intermediates' used to produce "Orange," for shipment of these intermediate chemicals to the above listed defoliant manufacturers and to Uniroyal Ltd. (Elmira, Canada). The above listed United States producers of "Orange" and intermediates used to produce "Orange" were further directed to provide the Department of Commerce with a monthly report of production, shipments against rated orders, inventories, and'production capacity for "Orange," and for intermediate products. c) On September 18', 1968, the above listed producers of defoliant "Orange," and intermediates used to produce the defoliant, were notified that the March 24, 1967 directive requiring shipment of defoliant "Orange" and intermediates was rescinded. f a) Prior to the time in which the cited directives were issued, Department of Commerce officials were aware that the chemical companies mentioned above were already in production of herbicides used for defoliation purposes (See e.g. attached letter of Dow Chemical dated March ?9, 1967). , g' b T h er efo r e, th e purpose o f th e d ir e c t iv e s to th o se com panies were to accelerate production from already existing company production rates to accelerated monthly production rates which met the requirements of the Department of Defense. b) At the time the Office of Industrial Mobilization issued its directives to each of the producer's of "Orange," the directive required the companies to notify the Business and Defense Services Administration if they were unable to accelerate production as directed. Our files do not reveal that any company, which was directed to accelerate production, appealed to this Department on the basis that the company did not produce "Orange" or could not increase production. Some companies responded that they could comply with the directives if sufficient quantities of production .... ... . .*** materials were supplied. I declare under penalty of perjury that the above is true and correct. Date: K 31G UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF HEW YORK IN RE " A G E N T ORANGE PRODUCT LIABILITY LITIGATION ALL C A S E S ____________ ) } ) ) ) C (c l DECLARATION OF ALVIN L. YOUNG I r Alvin L. Y o u ng, being duly sworn, depose and state that based on the records, files and documents to which I have access, control and supervision, the following is true to the best of my knowledge, information and belief: (l ) I am a Senior Staff Scientist (AFSC 2616) with the United States Air Force, currently detailed as Senior Policy Analys Office of Science and_.TechnolPjgy__PaJLJ.cy-/-- Exe.u:tLiy_e_Offi.ce of the President, W a s h i n g ton, D .C. Since 1968, I. have served as an expert for the government in areas of science related to the military herbicide Agent Orange. Specific areas of expertise include formulation, equipment design, r application, military use, dioxin contamination, environment fate, toxicology and human risks to exposure. (2) Agent Orange, as formulated and procurred for the Department of Defense, consisted of approximately a 50:50 mixture of the normal-butyl esters of 2 ,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-- trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The product was formulated to c o n t a i n _approximately 8.6 pounds active ingredient (acid equivalents of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T) per gallon of liquid. Thus the product contained roughly 4 pounds of each herbicide in the acid form. t4<-4 (3) The herbicides 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T have been commercially available and widely used since the late 1940's. Numerous formulations including the iso-butyl and normal-butyl ester formulations were used commercially in the United States prior to, during, and after the use of Agent Orange in Vietnam. In the 1960 Farm Chemicals Handbook, formulations of the normal-butyl ester of 2,4-D containing 4 and 6 pounds per gallon active ingredient were recommended for weed control in wheat and other field grains. In the same handbook, formulations of the normal-butyl esters of both 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T (as a mixture) were recommended for brush control on rangelands and in reforestation. Typical ly these latter formulations contained the active ingredient at 4 and 6 pounds per gallon. As late as 1980 normal-butyl . A_ esters of 2,4-D were commercially available (DOW ESTERON 76BE) containing 6 pounds (acid equivalents) per gallon. 4. Analyses in the early 1970's of archived samples of commercial formulations of 2,4,5-T and archived samples of Agent Orange showed similar levels of dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-pdixoin) contamination (See Young, A.L. et al. 1978. The Toxicology, Environmental Fate, and Human Risk of Herbicide Orange and Its Associated Dioxin, Air Force Technical $ THE DOW CH EM ICAL CO M PANY M IDLAND. MICHIOAN 4 1 1 4 0 A u gust 9. 1967 A lbert M. K ligm an, M. D. , P h. D. D epartm ent of D erm atology H osp ital of the U n iv ersity of P en n sylvan ia 36th and Spruce S treets P h ila d e lp h ia , P e n n sy lv a n ia 19104 ^ D ear D r. K ligm an: I have your note of a few w eek s ago and ap ologize for not answ ering it so o n er. We do want you to com e to M idland to p resen t a p ro g ress rep ort on the w ork that you have done w ith the a c n e g e n s. A t the p resen t tim e I do not know when w ill be a good tim e. I hope we can w ork it in e a r ly this fa ll. Is there any tim e when it w ould be b est for you o r any tim e when it w ould be im p o ssib le for you? If you w ill let m e know the an sw er to th ese q u estion s, I w ill do m y b est to fix a date. a a r'-o o CO ro In a n sw er to your q u estio n I do not know w h eth er a c n e g e n s have b een found to be c a rcin o g en s and I did not know that c a rcin o g en s w ere potent a cn eg en s. I am v ery in te r e ste d , h o w ev er, and should lik e to d isc u ss th is m a tter further w ith you. W e're looking fo r w ard to your v is it. My best personal regards. S in cerely yours, V. K. Rowe B iochem ical R esearch Laboratory 1803 Building ks cc: Correspondence --.V". K. R o w e (2) ijra.TBjiarint 3?? MOYER FILE MEMORANDUM TO: RICHARD SCHULER FROM: JOHN BETTS SUBJECT: REVIEW OF EXHIBITS AND PRODUCTION DOCUMENTS FROM KEISTER v. DOW IN MARK KRESSENBERG'S OFFICES (JONES & GRANGER LAW FIRM) IN HOUSTON, TEXAS (NOVEMBER 18 - 20, 1991) DATE: NOVEMBER 28, 1991 This litigation involved the t r a c k i n g down of the corporations responsible for the worst dioxin disaster in the United States. Dow Chemical, along with Vertac and its Jacksonville, Arkansas predecessor Hercules Powder Company, were named in a lawsuit filed by 183 former workers at the chemical plant and their families. The suit was styled Keister v. Dow and maintained that Dow Chemical, through its ongoing supply of herbicides to Vertac, with the full knowledge of their potentially detrimental effects, shared the guilt for health problems that the workers had suffered. Back in 1965, at a secret meeting called by Dow Chemical at its Michigan headquarters, Hercules, Diamond Shamrock, and Hooker Chemical met to determine how to handle the mounting adverse health effects caused by the dioxin present in their 2,4,5-T products. The greater problem for these chemical companies was in deciding where they could dump these highly concentrated dioxin wastes being created at several tons per week at each production facility. They decided to place these wastes in 55 gallon drums at the Hercules Jacksonville plant by burying the dioxin-filled drums in unlined pits at the plant site or carting them off to a nearby city dump, where unwitting residents sometimes bought the "used" 55-gallon drums from the dump's manager to burn trash in. Some of the Agent Orange waste was simply hosed into Rocky Branch Creek which ran into a neighborhood to the south. In the years to come, this process became the worst hazardous waste situation known in the U.S., more serious than Love Canal, N.Y. and Times Beach, Missouri. Babies were dying and adults were succumbing to sudden disease in the three neighborhoods that bordered these sites in Jacksonville, Arkansas. This litigation led to the discovery of gross neglect and mismanagement by federal and state governments and the hidden i n v o lvement of multinational corporations and foreign entanglements. Once loyal plant workers and chemists who had aided their companies in these coverups, were now coming forward and testifying to everything that had happened over the years. In the neighborhood bordering the Jacksonville facility, residents were saying to visitors, "welcome to cancer alley." Jack Park, a 23-year resident of this neighborhood and head of the Herecules chemical laboratory testified that bulk chemicals of the agent orange herbicides were brought in by the train carload from Dow Chemical and also Hooker Chemical (the company responsible for Love Canal). Park, who was tested as having the highest levels of chemicals in his blood, had tried to get a court order to do a door-to-door evaluation of all the neighborhood residents. Ke pointed to spots in his driveway where hydrochloric acid had eaten away the cement from contaminated rain water. Park said the plant used a pound of hydrochloric acid for every pound of herbicide produced. He pointed out grape plants gnarled and twisted with mutation, and told of his nextdoor neighbor who was dying of liver cancer. A 71 year-old resident who had lived two blocks from the plant since 194 6 conducted her own survey within a four block radius of her home and discovered from her list of 50 deaths in recent years, most of them had been cancer victims. Another 17 of her neighbors were undergoing chemotherapy and other cancer treatment programs for various forms of cancer. Since no state or federal agency would agree to conduct an official study of the area's cancer rate, local residents were the only monitors. Hazardous-chemicals expert Dr. Samuel Epstein testified "the only real way to cope with this issue is to have a high-level congressional inquiry that would investigate not only the role of the chemical industry, but also the EPA, the state and the industry's consultants." Hercules Inc., who had manufactured 25% of the Agent Orange used to defoliate the Vietnamese jungles, was being sued by Vertac Chemical who had run the plant for the last 16 years. Then in an attempt to duck its legal obligations, Vertac suddenly transferred (in 1987) its assets into a series of newly formed corporations and left Arkansas. This is where Dow Chemical entered the picture. Headquartered in Midland, Michigan, with 50,000 employees worldwide, the multinational had for years been both Hercules' and Vertac's main supplier of chemicals, many of which were at one time sold under the Dow label, but manufactured at the Jacksonville plant site. When Vertac pulled out of Arkansas and tried to hide its holdings, Dow counter-sued Vertac for millions in default damages on chemicals they had delivered to Vertac for the continued manufacture of their products. It turns out that Dow, who made $11 billion in global revenues in 1987, was tied in behind the scenes with several jointly-owned chemical companies worldwide, with most of their assets hidden in Swiss holding company accounts. Vertac was an acronym for the names of four chemical companies that had merged in 197 6, but initially set up by former executives of Union Carbide. Majority ownership was traced to a wealthy Italian named Vittorio de Nora who made his home in Geneva, Switzerland and had made his fortune in the electrochemical segment of the industry. At a Milan-based company he had established more than 50 years ago, de Nora had pioneered a process used in making chlorine, the basic building block of chlorohydrocarbon herbicides that had been developed by Dow Chemical. To protect themselves from possible patent lawsuits, de Nora set up companies all over the world that could be financially isolated and sat on most of their board of directors. Executives moved back and forth between these major companies held by de Nora including the "big five" in the U.S. which are Dow, Monsanto, Diamond Shamrock, Uniroyal, and Thompson-Hayward Chemical. Anytime decisions had to be made in the U.S. , it was Dow Chemical who called the shots. The major Japanese chemical interests also entered the picture, but this just goes on and on. When 2,4,5-T herbicides were banned in April of 1970 for most domestic uses and finally banned completely in 1979, Dow simply changed labels and registration certificates and continued to sell the banned products as hidden "inerts" in other companies herbicide products. They also created a new Agent Orange under the label of Esteron 245C herbicide and sold it through their Mexico City facilities to third world countries, who in turn spray these banned chemicals on agriculture products that are sold in most U.S. markets. For a few more years, up until late 1983, Dow slipped their Agent Orange product out under the Esteron 245BE label. Due to an accidentally discovered contaminant batch of this label by a curious midwest distributor, Dow at first tried to hide it from the newly reorganized EPA administrators, and finally had to cease production under the Esteron 245BE label and go to the exported Esteron 245C label. The documents and exhibits I was able to locate came from 26 "banker file boxes" that were selected by Mark Kressenberg from a warehouse load of total boxes, some in Arkansas, some in Memphis, Tennessee, and the rest in Houston. There were still several key exhibits he wanted me to look at, but the EPA has had custody of many of the boxes while doing their own investigation on Dow Chemical for several months now. The key exhibits I copied included the original patents for 2,4,5-T by Dow; the actual production formulas used by Hercules and Vertac at the Jacksonville plant and sold under the Dow Label; the minutes of the famous "1965 Country Club Secret Meeting" called by Dow at their Midland headquarters to decide how to deal with the dioxin problem; key Agent Orange litigation documents including experts testimony, the Plaintiff's Memorandum on Causation, and many excellent research papers connecting the role of 2,3,7,8-TCDD with various disease processes including various forms of cancer. Also included are several years of memos and letters between the chemical companies, mostly Dow, trying to decide how to handle their dioxin problem without having it exposed to the media, the public or the EPA. See the attached exhibit list to this memorandum for all the documents I obtained. high; Regards dioxin as weakly carcinogenic, weakly mutagenic, very fetotoxic and teratogenic, that is with experimental animals; Frawley will testify to his knowledge of the extreme toxicity of dioxin, his knowledge of the relationship between the manufacturers and the government, and that Hercules itself sold 2,4,5-T to the military in 1965 that contained an average of 3 ppm dioxin; his knowledge of propensities of dioxin to inflict harm long prior to the March 24, 1965 meeting between manufacturers, and the fact that no one at Hercules, to his knowledge, informed the government of the risk involved. Harold Gill Richard Hickman . Manager, Operations, Analytical Laboratory, Dow Chemical, Midland, Ml; will testify concerning fact that he was advised in approximately August, 1964 that dioxin was contained in the was stream of TCP manufacturing process at Dow and in the Butyl esters of 2,4,5-T; He developed Dow's analytical method dated 12/22/64, for determining presence of dioxin in caustic insoluble of waste stream of process. Estimated time plaintiffs' examination less than 1/2 day; defendants' exmination unknown, but estimated at one hour or less. Route 4, No. 10 Yocum Road, Rogers, Arkansas, Dow's former government sales manager, deposed 12/1/83, who, between 1963 and 1970 had eight men contacting government selling Dow's products will offer testimony concerning Dow's marketing efforts to sell herbicides to the government, his knowledge of dioxin, failure to warn the government; the Dow sales process and bids for government business; pricing procedure; Transcript of deposition p5-8,111-25,p 9 l 1 3 - 2 5 , p 1 0 , 111-2,p 1 1,1 114-25,p1-13,p13,112-4,pll8-25,pp15- 21 ,111-25,p22,111-15,&23-25,p23,11-2 5,P 24,111-3,25,1121-25,p p 2 6 - 6 4 , 111-2 V. A. 24 3* Benjamin B. Holder Harry Holland F. Gerard & Vada Hukill John Jennings Lynne Keller Van A. Kelly Eugene R. Kenaga Dow employee re 5,p65,ll1-22,p68,ll16-25,p69,ll1-6,p 70,11. 5203 Bloomfield St., Midland, Michigan; Dow's Medical Director; to testify as to knowledge of chloracne incidents at Dow before, during and after 1964; contentions re; notification of "appropriate" governmental officials; his opinion that there has not been demonstrated a "no minimum effect level" in dioxin exposure, and, adversely under cross, on causation theories; failure to warn; knowledge of toxicity of TCDD. 1604 Angus Court, Crafoward, Maryland; Friend of Lambiotte's; health and damages witness; testimony 1 hour total. 220 W. Tyler, Magnum, OK,73554; Danny Jordan's in-laws, will testify as to effect of Dan's injuries and those of his children; approximate total testimony 2 hours. Apt.B, 12 Lansdowne Avenue, Lansdowne, Pa.,High School friend of George Ewalt who was in Vietnam at same time and knows his medical problems will testify to exposure on damages issues; total testimony 1 1/2 hours. 208 Brasewood, Austin, Tx 78704; Friend of Danny Jordan's who will testify to health and damages issues; total length of testimony 1 1/2 hours. Attempting to locate, in Philadelphia, Pa., was with Ewalt in Vietnam will testify concerning exposure and damage issues; total estimated length of testimony 2 hours. 1281 N. Wagner Road, Essexville, Michigan; environmental persistence, toxicity; knowledge of dioxin and herbicides in the environment; failure to warn; V. A. 25 Taves, Milton Arthur Treisback, Arthur L. Leng, Marguerite as Director of Laboratories and Licensing; Ph. D. in chemistry; Director of Development from 1964 through mid-'70s. Will testify to his knowledge of 2,4,5-T and that it contained dioxin. Claims to have no knowledge of cooperation between Hercules and Dow re testing of dioxin; Examination by plaintiff, less than 1/2 day; examination by defendants brief, perhaps less that 1 hour. 210 N. Spring Road, Wilmington, Delaware; Personal services contract with Hercules; Organic chemist, Ph. D.; research manager of synthetics research division for 16 years, beginning in 1964; The question of detecting and measuring the amount of dioxin in 2,4,5-T first came to his attention in March, 1965. He directed the work of John Ford. Never communicated with other companies or with the government regarding the dioxin contamination problem; will testify as to keeping the government ignorant of their own testing inadequacies which was to advantage o f H e r c u l e s ; knew th at government did not know of dioxin and avoided telling them; Plaintiffs' examination approximately 1 hour; defendants examination estimated at 1/2 hour or less. 2502 Landon Drive, Chalfonte, Wilmington, Delaware; Deposition not yet completed and transcript not yet received. , Jacksonville, Arkansas Plant Manager for Hercules 1968-72; Chemical engineer; Testimony concerning Hercules' manufacture of 2,4,5-T, Agent Orange, phenoxy herbicides, generally concerning his knowledge of dioxin, toxicity and health hazards; detection and reduction methods; sales to the government. 1/14 Sylvan Lane, Midland, Michigan: Research Associate, Dow Chemical; Will testify concerning the V. A. 29 3* Silvers tein, Larry registration process and department at Dow; her responsibilities working with Donald D. McCollister, and what information the Company did and did not afford the Federal Government concerning the toxicity of herbicides and dioxin; Reference her deposition; stated in one document that "our not informing the government is what got us into all this trouble in the first place." Total length of testimony less than 1/2 day. 5409 Mason Street, Midland, Michigan: Employed by Dow in the capacity of an Industrial Hygienist from 1955 to 1979, when he left to become the Manager of Industrial Hygiene for Dow Corning Corporation; was an Industrial Hygienist that attended a great many "Exciter problem" meetings at Dow referrable to the dioxin contamination of the 199 building and the dioxin contamination of 2,4,5-T and Agent Orange; Was the author of numerous documents identified as exhibits including minutes of the March 24th, 1965 meeting at Dow among Industry representatives at which the toxicity of dioxin was discussed, a document entitled "Hazards of Monsanto T-acid" and others; plaintiffs believe Mr. Silverstein should be ordered produced as an employee in view of the substantial control and connection maintained over him by Dow as an owner of the Dow Corning Company, by whom Mr. Silverstein .claims to be employed. Has substantial factual knowledge of the events of 1964,65 and beyond relative to health problems, the actions of the co-workers at Dow, and claimed contacts with governmental "authorities" in the form of State of Michigan officials, and alleged attendees at medical conferences at the University of Michigan from time to time. Total length of testimony 1/2 day. V. A. 30 3^ Donald McCollister 5522 Whitehall Street, Midland, Michigan; now Director International Regulatory Affairs, Health and Environmental Sciences for Dow Chemical Company; has been employed by Dow since 1942 when he was hired as an organic chemist and was part of the Toxicology Research Laboratory until 1967 and thereafter dealt in the registration process with respect to the relevent herbicides; was the immediate supervisor of Ms. Marguerite Leng; has expertise in toxicology of herbicides and facts concerning what information was given to the United States Government from time to time; expected length of plaintiffs' examination is less than one half day and expected length of defendants' examination less than one quarter day. V A. 31 0><z1 DONALD HORNIG PAUL DOTY MELVIN CALVIN FRED FALANA CAPT. FARMER 16 LONGFELLOW PARK, CAMBRIDGE, MASS. Special Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and Director of the Office of Science and Technology in the Executive Office. Also Chairman of Federal Counsel for Science and Technology and Chairman of PSAC (1964-69). Did not understand health hazards of dioxin in the mid-60's. Not generally discussed. Whether this witness is produced live or through deposition excerpts awaits ruling of Court. 4 KIRKLAND DRIVE, CAMBRIDGE, MASS. Assigned to PSAC's Pesticide Panel and Chaired the Civil Defense Panel. From 1965 to 1970, was a consultant for arms control and disarmament to the National Security Counsel. Whether this witness is produced live or through deposition excerpts awaits ruling of Court. 2683 BUENA VISTA WAY, BERKELEY CALIF. Dow Chemical company Director who learned of dioxin in 1964 or 1965 at a Board of Directors' meeting. The subject was never discussed at PSAC, however. Whether this witness is produced live or through deposition excerpts awaits ruling of Court. Address to come; as a member of Danny Ford's unit, Fred Falana will testify to the various locations which their unit was assigned, including recently defoliated areas traveled to by vehicle and often by foot, as well as the conditions of their unit in these various locations in Vietnam. Less than 1/2 day total testimony. Address to come; Captain Farmer will testify to the assigned locations of Danny Ford's unit, including the defoliated areas V. A. 33 Plaintiffs respectfully submit the following list of witnesses to be presented for the use of deposition testimony in conformity with paragraph IV(E)(2) of the Magistrate's Pre-trial Order No. 17. Graydon Holdeman Lawrence Eugene Dotson 2006 Manor Drive, Midland, Michigan; retired employee, receives pension from Dow; last employed Feb. 28, 1977; plaintiffs' reserve the right to demand the production of this witness at trial; relevant testimony concerns the development of the product specifications for the herbicides by Holdeman at Dow, the similarity between the so-called government specifications, the fact that industry actually developed the specifications for the basic herbicides; in the event the testimony is presented by deposition, transcript of Nov.30, 1983, p 5 , 1114-25,p p 6 -37,111-25,p 3 8 ,111-8,p 39,1119-25,p 4 0 , 118-22,p 4 1 ,112-25;p42 ,111-1-22;P43,114-25;p44,111-9&22-23 ;pp45-54,111-25;p55,1118-25;pp56-62, 111-25;p63,ll1-15;p64,ll8-25;pp65-86 ,111-25;p88,l121-25;p89,ll1-3;p90,11 13-24;p92-ll3-25;p93ll1-4,10-25;p 9 4 , 111-25 ;p95 ,111 --25 ;p96,15c1 9--25 ;p97,11 1-15;P98,113-25;pp99-109,111-25 ;pi 10 ,111-24;p 112,119-25;pp113-156,111-25 (objections to be ruled upon). c/o Foote Mineral Company, Kings Mountain, North Carolina (residence address not available through transcript); Lawrence Dotson was the Technical Services Engineer at Nitro from 1961 through 1965, and was the Production Supervisor, supervising the 2,4,5- T plant from 1965 through 1967. He was employed by Monsanto from 1958 through 1969. During the time that he Production Supervisor, h responsible for production yi* V. B. 1 Never heard of anyone in Monsanto ever informing the Govt, up until 1970 of the potential hazards of 2.4.5- T. He proposed a program in 1965 to reduce the amount of dioxin in 2.4.5-T and this was tested in January of 1969. Dioxin is extremely toxic and he has felt that way since he first heard of dioxin. He wrote to certain personnel that dioxin was highly toxic, advised people to use extreme caution in handling it. Attended a meeting at Dow with Elmer Wheeler and John Mason in 1970. The meeting was concerned with dioxin and potential risk associated with dioxin and Dow's desire to have an industry effort to study the program. At a meeting in January of 1969 Udell acknowledgd that if you made the product safer and reduced the dioxin it would take longer to produce and Monsanto would get less of it. He said that the decreased production is the price that must be paid for the decreased dioxin conentration. Transcript of May 4, 1983; p 6 ,1113-25;p7,111 3-17;p8,114-18;pi 0, Il2-20;p13,l 13-25;p14,115-1 46c22-25;p 17,1115-25;p18,111-13;&21-25;p19,111 1-25;p20,ll1-22;p22,ll1-19;p23,U18- 2 5 ;p24,111 --5 ;p25,111 9-25;p26,111-2&1 5-25 ;p27,l15-25;p28;p29,111-8;p32,ll 16-25;p 3 3 ,111-7;p34,ll18-24;p35,ll13 -24;P36,111 5-25;p37;P38,111-18;p39,l 111- 25 ;p40,111-4&8-11 ;p41 ,111 02-5;p4 2.111- 19;p 4 3 ,111 3-25 ;P44,111-15&19-2 1 ;p45,ll21-25;p46,H1 -8 ;P46 ,111 8-25 ; p47 ;p48,111 -6&1 3-1 76c22-25;pp49-50;p5 1.111- 3&7-14&16-25;p52,111-10;p52,12 5 ;p53 ,111 --22 ;p55, 111 8--23Sc25 ;p58 ,111 -- 3&5-1 9;p60,114-9&1 9-25 ;p61, 111 -36c2025;p62,111-6;p65,ll12-25;p66,111-7,p 67,116-23;p 6 8 , 1 1 2 - 2 5 ;p69,1 1 1 7 - 2 3 ;p70 ,1114-20;P 71,1113-19;p 72,113-6;p72,1 112- 25 ;p73,111-8&22-23;p74,1119-25;p 76,111 5-25;p77,111-12;P78,119-11&2225 ;p79,111 -5 ;p84,111 0-1 56c19-25;p85,l 15-18;p89,1124-25;p90,111-16;p92,117 -25 ;p93,111 -1 26c18-25; p94,l 13-10 ;p95, V. B. 14 Charles P. Zorsch Ill 3--18;p97,ll10--2 5 ;p98,111-7&19-25; p9 9 ,111 --2&20 --2 3 ;p10 0 ;pl01,111-15;p10 3,113-6&12-25;pp104-106;p107,111-5;p 108,119-10&18-22 ;P109,111-21 ;p110,11 4-15;p112,111-4&7;p114,112-3&6-10 ;p1 15 ,111 1-1 3&1 6 ;pi 16, H9-25;p117;p118, 113-7;p119;p120,111-5 ;p122,1113-19;p 128,1114-24;P 129,1113-28;p130,1114-2 2 ;p124,111 6--24;p135,112 --6;p137,111 2-- 15 ;p144,125;p145,111-23;p146,1120-25 ;pi 47,112-16;pi 50,113-23;p156,111-16 &20 ;p158,111 5 --2 0 ;p165,112 --16 ;p167,11 14-21 ;P174,111 8-24;p1 78,1110-22;pi 85 ,113-13 & 1 9 - 2 5 ;p186 ,112-12;p 1 87,111925;p188,ll2-8;p202,ll20-25;p203,ll19;p204,116-25;p205,Il1-10;p206,ll2425;p207,111 --4;p209,117 --12;p210,111-6 Route5 Box 30, Pacific, Missouri Born - April 20,1910 Employed by Monsanto for 21 years 1950-1971. He receives $288/month as a lifetime pension from Monsanto. He was Assistant Manager of Pesticides froml950-1960. Manager of Formulated Pesticides Sales, including 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D from 1960 - 1963. From 1963-1970 he was the Product Supervisor, Agricultural Division. He was supervisor of 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D sales. Never heard of chloracne problems at Nitro until latter 1960's. But never asked anyone either what happened at Nitro in 1948 or what the causes of the worker health problems were. Never knew what chloracne was at Monsanto for 20 years. It was Quality Control's obligation to inform a customer if any product that was sold contained a contaminant. Cecil Russell was his superior. Dr. Hoffman was the Manager of the Divis ion. The sole products he was resonsibile for as product supervisor from 1963 to 1970 were 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D. Quality Control was responsible for the quality of the product. New Agent Orange as being used in Vietnam and assumed U.S. Govt, was V. B. 15 2>V Ray D. Holmes employee; He also wanted to sell Tordon as opposed to Agent Orange for the reason that Tordon was a patented Dow product; Deposition transcript of Novwember 16, 1983; p.5,111--2&15-- 17;p.6,116 --11 ;p.10,1120 -25;p.11,111-25;p.12,1121-24;p.17,11 19-25;p.18,111-25;p.19-111-4;p.20,11 10-25;p.21,111 --5&8 --19&22 --2 5 ;p.22,111 -15418-25;p.23,111-7410-13; p.24,1169411-14423-25;p.25,111-1 1415-25;p.26 ,111-25;p.27,111-446-8415-25 ;p.28,11 13-24;p.29,111-7410-16418-20422-24;p .30,111-64 8-18,20425 ;p .31 ,111-11 ;p. 3 2,1121 --2 5 ;p.33,111-243-648-12419-214 23-25;p.34,111-5410-14425;p .35,111-2 45-749-10412-13416-17420-21;p.37,111 5-1 8&20&21-15;p-38,111-8&11-13416417 41 9-20;p.39,1124-25;p.40,11143-749;p .42,116-9&11-15417-20422;p.46,1122-2 4;p.47,111--9&12 --15&18--2 5 ;p.48,111 --8& 10-19421 -24 ;p. 49,111 --46c6--13416-19422 -24;p.50,111-2;p.53,1111-12417-20423 -25;p.54,111 -3&6-13;p.55,115-7410-16 &17-18423-25;p.56,11 ;p .62,1124-25;p . 63,111-11417-19422-24;p.64,111-445-9 411-12. 11021 Abbot Avenue, Sun City, Arizona: Supervisor of Building 199 at Dow Chemical, Midland Michigan, from approximately 1938 to 1965, which manufactured sodium trichlorophenate, a precursor chemical to 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol; he will testify as to the process used at Dow for manufacturing 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol,and to the certain manufacturing changes which took place at the Dow Chemical Company with regard to the TCP it produced; the changes increased the temperature and pressure of the reaction and, as a result, increased the amount of diosin in the waste stream and in the end product; Holmes will testify that he and others in the 199 building contracted chloracne and to the steps that were taken to sanitize the building after the contamination was discovered in 1964; excerpts from the deposition of March 23, V. B. 31 3^ Warren Crummett (D) William F. Falsey (D) George C. Kempson producing Orange and says perhaps he did see documents which indicated that, Russell was "possibly" involved in writing the specifications. Acknowledges that Russell "perhaps he could have" indicated to him that Russell was so involved. Does not remember when he approved the specifications whether he compared the Government specifications and the Monsanto specifications. Doesn't recall whether the specifications call for production of dioxin. If he knew that following specifications would have produced an acutely toxic by-product, the production would not have been approved. Transcript of January 20, 1984: p.49 L. 6-25; p.46 L. 1-8; p.52 L. 22-25; p .53 L. 1-16; p.54 L. 7-20; p .57 L. 3-25; p.58 L. 1-15; p.59 L. 12-25; p .60 L. 1-25; p.61 L. 1-2; p .61 L. 21-25; p.62 L. 1-5; p.63 L. 12-25; p .64 L. 1-25; p.65 L. 1-25; p .66 L. 1-23; p.67 L. 6-25; p.68 L. 1-25; p .69 L. 1-25; p.70 L. 1-24; p .72 L. 13-25; p.73 L. 1-25; p.74 L. 1-25; p .75 L. 1-25; p.76 L. 1-25; p .77 L. 21-25; p.78 L. 1-25; p.79 L. 1-4; p .81 L. 15-25; p.82 L. 2-25; p .83 L. 1-25; p.84 L 1-24; p.86 L. 1-25; p .87 L. 1-25; p.88 L. 1-25; p .99 L. 9-18; p .101 L. 2-22; p.103 L. 19-25; p.104 L. 1-25; p.105 L. 1- 8 . 808 Crescent Drive, Midland, Michigan; Dow scientist; evidence concerning Dow liability issues. Time constraints have made it impossible to abstract the deposition of Mr. Crummett; Leave is asked to include excerpts in amended Pretrial Order. 6706 Lakeview Drive, Lake City, Michigan; Time constraints have made it impossible to abstract the deposition of Mr. Falsey; Leave is asked to include excerpts in amended Pretrial Order. 143 South Gore, Webster Groves, V. B. 40 2fi3 William Ralph Nummy work for our department." Job was to try to develop new areas of government business, and did so. Aware of the manufacture and development of 2,4,5-T. Involved in testing of 2,4,5-T for brush control purposes. Claims not to have been aware of dioxin, and attended meetings with government representatives during relevant periods; Traveled to Washington, D.C., Edgewood Arsenal and Saigon regarding government's use of defoliants, and recommended use of Tordon to U.S.; Believed Tordon less toxic than 2,4,5-T; Never told any government employee about health problems among workers at Dow in the 2,4,5-T plant; Excerpts of the transcript of December 13, 1983, include p. 12,LL2-16; p .13, L L 8 - 15 & 2 1 -25;p.14,LL1-3;p. 15, LL6-10;p . 16,LL13-16;p .17, LL21-15; p .18,LL1-17;p .20, LL4-22, p. 5, LL.5-25; p.22, LL.1-25; p. 23, LL1-25; p. 24,LL1-25; p.25, LL1-25; p.26, LL1-26;p.27, LL1-25; p.28, LL1-25; p. 29,LL 1-25; p.30,LL1-25; p .31, LL1-21 ;p .33 , LL9-25; p.34, LL1-4;p .35, LL20-25; p.36, LL1-5. 711 West Meadowbrook Drive, Midland, Michigan; former employee of Dow, now works for a company known as Doan Resources Company; worked for Dow Chemical for over 30 years, leaving as Vice-President of Merrell Dow Laboratories in Cincinnati; Excerpts from the deposition of October 28, 1983 that may be used include; p.7, LL8-22;p.8, LL2-13&19-25;p.,9,LL 1-25; p. 10, LL1 -2 ;p .11, LL4 --166c24-25 ;p -15 , LL8-21; p. 16, LL 13-25; p. 17, LL1-1-8&14-25; p. 18, LL1-25; p. 19, LL 1-15; p.27, LL5-25; p.28, LL 1-25; p. 29, LL 1-8&17-21; p.30, LL1-11; p .33, LL9-11&21; p.34 LL 9 --13&17--18; p. 44, LL10-23; p. 45, LL11-14, 16-19; p. 46, LL24-25; p. 47,LL1-24; p. 48, LL 1-15, 25; p.49, LL 1-25; p. 50, LL 1-12 & 16-25; p. 51, LL 1-10 & 13,24,25; p. 52,LL 1-14; p. 53, LL 25; p. 54, LL5-6 Sc V. B. 44 39/ Melvin Calvin 56, all; p 57, all; p 58, all; p 59, all; p 60, L 1-16; p 61, L 5-8; 63, L 12-25; p 64, L 1-22; p 65,_L 15-25; p67, L 23-4; p 68, L 1-2, 24-25; p69, all; p 70, L 1-11 ; p 81, L 9-17; p 132, L 8-24; p 134, L 1-25; p 135, L 1-25; p 136, all; p 137, all; p 138, all; p 139, L 1-15. 2683 Buena Vista Way, Berkeley, CA. Deposed on November 9, 1983, and December 2, 1983. A Nobel Prize winning chemist who was both a member of PSAC from 1963-66, and a member of the Dow Board of Directors from 1964-75. As a member of the Dow Board he was informed in 1964-65 that dioxin was in the Dow 2,4,5-T. However, never revealed this information to PSAC since he was never asked. P 25, L 3-25; p 28, L 16-25; p 29, L 1-25; p 30, L 1-22; p 38, L 7-25; p 39, L all; p 40, all; p 45, L 6-25; p 46, L 20-25; p 47, L 1-7; p 49, L 18-25; p 50, all; p 51, all; p 52-54, all; p 55, L 1-20; p 67, all; p 68, L 1-9; p 84, L 10-25; p 85, L 1-16; p 89, L 9-20; p 93, L 10-13, 19-25; p 98, L 14-22; p 99, L 21-25; p 100, L 2-22; p 101, L 8-11; p 118, L 17-25; p 119, L 3-25; p 122, L 18-22; P 128, L 16 -22; p130, L 8- 19, 25; p 131 , L 1-16, 19-25; p 133, L 18-21, 23 -25; P 134 , L 18-25; P 135, L 1-5; P 143, L 2- 7; p 164, L 15 -25; p 168, L 19 -25 ; p 169, all; P 170, L 1-2; P 173, L 9-25. Treating Physicians of Plaintiffs: Dr. Gianferro Treating phys ician for George Ewalt Dr. El Child Treating physician for George Ewalt Dr. George Wilson It It tt Dr. Joan Hurlock It Dr. Salkind tl V. B. 51 TABLE W Locations of Major Producers of Chlorophenols and T heir D erivatives CHEMICAL PRODUCER 2,4-D acid and e s te r s ;~ ~ 2,k , 5-T A leo Cheto. C o r p . , P h i l a d e l p h i a , PA^ Amvao-Chem. C o r p . , L os A n g e l e s , CA Cbempar, P o r t l a n d , OR ^Diamond S ham rock C o r p . , T u s c a l o o s a , AL C l e v e l a n d , OH Dow C h e m ic a l, U . S . A . , M i d l a n d , MI Fa l le k - L a n ie r o C o r p . , T u s c a l o o s a , AL GAF, L i n d e n , NJ Guth C o rp ., :H ills id e , IL H e r c u l e s , I n e . , J a c k s o n v i l l e , AR I m p e r i a l , I n c . , S h en an d o ah , IA M i l l e r C hem ., V h i t e f o r d , MD Monsanto, C o., S auget, IL North American P h illip s C orp., Kansas C ity, \ / P B I-G o rd o n C o r p . , K a n sa s C i t y , KS R h o d ia , I n e . , P o r t l a n d , OR S t . P a u l , MN S t . J o s e p h , MO R h o n e - P o u l e n c , I n e . , P o r t l a n d , OR R i v e r d a l e Cheto. C o ., C hicago H e i g h ts , IL Rorer-Am chem , F r e m o n t , CA S t . J o s e p h , MO Thompson C h e m ic a l, S t . L o u i s , MO U nion C a r b i d e C o r p . , A m b le r, PA V e l s i c o l Chem. C o r p . , B eaum ont, TX B a y p o r t , TX V e r t a c , I n e . , J a c k s o n v i l l e , AR Woodbury, O r l a n d o , FL ICS Cbempar, P o r t l a n d , OR Diamond S h a m ro c k , C l e v e l a n d , OH Dow C hem ., U . S . A . , M i d l a n d , MI H o f f m a n - T a f t , I n e . , S p r i n g f i e l d , MO Monsanto C o., Sauget, IL North American P h illip s C orp., Kansas P B I-G o rd o n C o r p . , K a n s a s C i t y , KS R b o d ia I n e . , P o r t l a n d , OR S t . J o s e p h , MO R iv e rd a le Chem. C o., Chicago H e ig h ts , Rorer-Am chem , A m b ler, PA F r e m o n t , CA S t . J o s e p h , MO J a c k s o n v i l l e , AR C ity , IL KS H-9 zv* A TABLE 4 - 2 ( c o n t . ) CHEMICAL PRODUCER 2.4,.5-T (c o n t.) ;- Thompson Chem., S t . L o u i s , MO U nion C a r b i d e C o r p ., F r e o o n t , CA S t . J o s e p h , MO A m b ler, PA V e r t a c , I n c . , J a c k s o n v i l l e , AR 2,4,5-T derivatives Sllvex e s te rs and s a lts Rnnet Erbon Hexachlorophene Dow Chem. U . S . A . , M id l a n d , MI H e r c u l e s , I n c . , J a c k s o n v i l l e , AR North American P h illip s C orp., Kansas R iverdale Chea. Co., Chicago H ts., H V e r t a c , I n c . , J a c k s o n v i l l e , AR Dow Chem. . S .A ., M i d l a n d , MI Dow Chem. U . S .A ., M i d l a n d , MI G lv au d an C o r p . , C l i f t o n , RJ C ity , KS 2,4,5-TCP and s a lt s Diamond Sham rock C o r p . , C l e v e l a n d , OH Dow C h e m ic a l, U . S . A . , M i d l a n d , MI GAF C o r p . , L i n d e n , NJ H e r c u l e s , I n c . , J a c k s o n v i l l e , AR H ooker Chem ., N i a g a r a F a l l s , NY Merck and C o ., I n c . , Rahway, NJ R alco Chem. C o ., C h ic a g o , 31 N o r t h E a s t e r n P h a r m a c e u t i c a l s , V e r o n a , MO R o b e r t s Chem ., I n c . , N i t r o , WV R h o d ia , I n c . , Monmouth J u n c t i o n , NJ V e r t a c , I n c . , J a c k s o n v i l l e , AR 2 , 3 4 , 6 - t e t r a c h l o r o p h e n o l *Dow Chem. U . S . A . , M i d l a n d , MI S a n f o r d Chem., P o r t N e c h e s , TX PCP a n d s a l t s J . H . B a x t e r and C o ., S a n M a te o , CA Dow Chem. U . S . A . , M i d l a n d , ML ICC I n d u s t r i e s , I n c . , D o v e r , OH Monsanto C o., Sauget, IL R alco Chem. C o ., C h ic a g o , IL R e i c h h o l d Chem., I n c . , Tacom a, WA S a n f o r d Chem., P o r t N e c h e s , TX V u lc a n M a t e r i a l s C o . , W i c h i t a , KS ^ S o u rc e s: E s p o s ito e t a l . , 1980; SRI, 1982; U .S .I .T .C ., 1982 Company names i n d ic a te d w ith an a s t e r i s k a re th e m ajor p ro d u c e rs of ch lo ro p h e n o ls and th e ir d e riv a tiv e s a t the present tim e. - 4-10 3n<t ROBERT W. MOYER, II and KIM MOYER, his wife, Plaintiffs, vs. DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, et al., Defendants. IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE NINTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT OF FLORIDA, IN AND FOR ORANGE COUNTY, CASE NO: Cl 89-8657 DIVISION: 32 PFEIFFER THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFFS' REQUEST FOR PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS TO ALL DEFENDANTS 1. If you supplied any 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Diquat, Hydrothal or Silvex to Orange County during the years 1974 through 1977, please produce the following: a. All documents pertaining to your purchase of said chemicals from the manufacturer or intermediate supplier; b. All invoices for said chemicals; c. All correspondence between the manufacturer and your company; d. All documents pertaining to your sale of said chemicals to Orange County, Florida; e. Any complaints received by you regarding the above chemicals, or any documents evidencing any dissatisfaction in any way whatsoever with the above chemicals; f. All documents forwarded to you by the manufacturer regarding the above chemicals, the use of such chemicals, the application of such chemicals, the warnings on such chemicals, or related to any defects in such chemicals that were sent to you at any time whatsoever and not limited to the four (4) years set forth above ; g. any manuals, instruction sheets, informational sheets, labels or other documents pertaining to the use, application, effectiveness, instructions, or composition of said chemicals. ANSWER: The Dow Chemical Company ("Dow") objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, unduly burdensome and not reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence to the extent that it seeks information concerning 2,4,5-T, which plaintiff has not alleged that he was exposed to or injured from in his complaint and to the extent it requests information about Diquat and Hydrothal, which Dow never manufactured. Without waiving these objections, Dow states that it does not have any records indicating it sold products to Orange County during the years 1974-1977. 2. If you are a manufacturer as opposed to a suppl please produce the following for the years 1974 through 1977 pertaining to 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Diquat, Silvex or Hydrothal: a. All documents pertaining to your manufacturing of said chemicals; ANSWER : Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is vague, ambiguous, irrelevant, overly broad and unduly burdensome. b. All invoices or documents pertaining to the sale of said chemicals; ANSWER : Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is irrelevant, ambiguous, overly broad, unduly burdensome and is not limited to geographical location. Without waiving this objection, Dow refers the plaintiffs to its Response to Request No. 1. c. All correspondence between the supplier or your wholesaler and your company; -2 - ANSWER: Dow sold its products to a large number of independent wholesalers and distributors throughout the country during the time period in question. Therefore, Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is irrelevant, immaterial, overly broad and unduly burdensome. d. All documents pertaining to your sale of said chemical to your supplier or wholesaler or other entity; ANSWER : See response to Request 2c. e. Any complaints received by you regarding the abo chemicals or any documents evidencing any dissatisfaction in any way whatsoever with the above chemicals; ANSWER: See Dow's Response to Plaintiffs' Request for the Production of Documents to Dow, Number 25. f. All documents forwarded by you dealing with the application of said chemicals, the warnings on such chemicals, or relating to any defects in such chemicals or the use of such chemicals that were sent out at any time whatsoever and not limited to the four years set forth above; ANSWER: See Dow's Response to Plaintiffs' Request for the Production of Documents to Dow, Number 21. g. Any manuals, instruction sheets, informational sheets, labels, or other documents pertaining to the use, application, effectiveness, instructions or composition of said chemicals. ANSWER : See Dow's Response to Plaintiffs' Request for the Production of Documents to Dow, Nos. 21 and 22. -3- H-oo Dated : Uniondale, New York May 29, 1990 Respectfully submitted, RIVKIN, RADLER, BAYH, HART & KREMER By: EAB PlazTa Uniondale, NY 11556-0111 (516) 357-3000 CARLTON, FIELDS, WARD, EMMANUEL, SMITH & CUTLER, P.A. By: Daniel C. Johnson 1601 CNA Tower Post Office Box 1171 Orlando, FL- 32802 (407) 849-0300 DOWELANCO By: David G. Wilkins Quad Three 9001 Wessleyan Avenue Suite 300, Third Floor Indianapolis, IN 46268 -4H6{ IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE 15TH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT OF FLORIDA, IN AND FOR PALM BEACH COUNTY. CASE NO. CL89-97-AD ROBERT W. MOYER, II and KIM MOYER, his wife, Plaintiffs, vs. DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, CHEVRON CHEMICAL COMPANY ORTHO AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS DIVISION, AGCHEM DIVISION PENNWALT CORPORATION, HELENA CHEMICAL COMPANY SOUTHERN MILL CREEK PRODUCTS CO., INC., THE UPJOHN COMPANY, ASGROW FLORIDA COMPANY, a subsidiary of the UPJOHN COMPANY, WOODBURY CHEMICAL COMPANY, FUTURE HORIZONS, INC., LANDIA CHEMICAL CO., JLB INTERNATIONAL CHEMICAL, INC., THE MONSANTO COMPANY, DIAMOND SHAMROCK, INC., Defendants. THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFFS' FIRST SET OF INTERROGATORIES TO DOW General Objections The Dow Chemical Company ("Dow") objects to each interrogatory to the extent it seeks information regarding 2,4,5-T since plaintiffs' complaint does not allege exposure to that chemical. Dow also objects to each interrogatory to the extent it requests information relating to products which Dow never manufactured, specifically Diquat and Hydrothal. iod- 1. Please give the name, official position, address, duties and responsibilities, and longevity with the company of the person or persons answering these interrogatories, ANSWER: David G. Wilkins Attorney DOWELANCO Indianapolis, Indiana 2. Has Dow Chemical Company ever manufactured 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Silvex or Diquat? If so, please state the following: ANSWER: See General Objections. Without waiving that objection, Dow states that it has manufactured 2,4-D and Silvex products. A. Over what period of time and at what location or locations? Dow objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is not reasonably calculated to lead to admissible evidence since the manufacturing location is irrelevant and because it is not limited to a relevant time period. Without waiving these objections, Dow states that it manufactured 2,4-D and Silvex during the 1974-77 time period. B. Were any of these chemicals ever sold to Orange County, Florida, and if so, please list the dates, quantities sold, and prices of sale. Dow objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is overly broad in that it is not limited to the relevant time period. Without waiving this objection, Dow states that it has no record of having sold any of the listed chemicals/products to Orange County during the years 1974-77. C. If you did not sell directly to Orange County, Florida, have you sold any one or all of these chemicals to any retailers or wholesalers located -2 - `HoS within the State of Florida and, if so, please list the names, dates, and quantities of sale. Dow objects to this interrogatory on the grounds it is overly broad and unduly burdensome and is not limited to a relevant time period. 3. If you have not manufactured 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Silvex, Hydrothal, or Diquat, did you ever purchase any of those chemicals for resale? A. From whom did you purchase these chemicals, giving names of the manufacturer, names of any intermediate supplier, dates of acquisition, amounts purchased, and cost. B. Did you ever sell said chemicals directly to Orange County, Florida and, if so, give dates of sale, amount of chemical sold, and price of sale. C. Have you ever sold these chemicals to any other supplier or wholesaler who in turn furnished these chemicals to Orange County, Florida? If so, please state the names of the companies, the amount of chemicals sold, the dates of sale, and the dollar value of sales. ANSWER: Dow is unaware of ever having purchased Hydrothal or Diquat for purposes of resale. 4. Have you ever published or printed any warnings regarding the use or application of the chemicals 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Silvex, Hydrothal and Diquat? If so, please attach copies of said warnings to these Answers to Interrogatories. ANSWER: Dow objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is overly broad and unduly burdensome and is not limited to a relevant time period. Dow further objects on the grounds that plaintiffs have not identified any specific Dow 2,4-D product or Silvex product upon which Dow can respond. Dow reserves the right -3- to supplement these responses when and if plaintiffs identify specific Dow products. 5. Please identify each and every claim, lawsuit and/or dispute in which you have been involved concerning the above chemicals since the year 1967. a. Please state the caption of every claim, lawsuit and/or dispute listed in the above question along with the case number; b. Please state where every claim, lawsuit and/or dispute listed above was filed and the date it was filed. ANSWER : Dow objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is overly broad, unduly burdensome, is not limited to a relevant time period and is not reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. Dow further objects to this interrogatory to the extent it seeks information concerning chemicals and/or products not manufactured by Dow. 6. Please identify each and every expert witness used in any prior lawsuit who has given either deposition or trial testimony involving the chemicals 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Diquat, Silvex and Hydrothal, including their name, address and telephone number. ANSWER: Dow objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is irrelevant, immaterial, overly broad, unduly burdensome, is not limited to a relevant time period, is unintelligible and is not reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. Dow further objects to this interrogatory to the extent it seeks information concerning chemicals and/or products not manufactured by Dow. -4- Ho 7. Please identify by name, position, address, telephone number, and length of time of service with your company the following: a. Each and every person who has ever testified on behalf of your company while an employee with you in any case involving a claim of defect or any other problem with 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Silvex, Hydrothal or Diquat. Testimony means by way of deposition or trial testimony. ANSWER: See response to Interrogatory No. 6. Dated: Uniondale, New York May 29, 1990 Respectfully submitted, RIVKIN, RADLER, BAYH, HART & KREMER Uniondale, NY 11556-0111 (516) 357-3000 CARLTON, FIELDS, WARD, EMMANUEL, SMITH & CUTLER, P.A. By: Daniel C. Johnson 1601 CNA Tower Post Office Box 1171 Orlando, FL 32802 (407) 849-0300 DOWELANCO By: David G. Wilkins Quad Three 9001 Wessleyan Avenue Suite 300, Third Floor Indianapolis, IN 46268 -5- ROBERT W. MOYER, II and KIM MOYER, his wife, Plaintiffs, vs. DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, et al., Defendants. IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE NINTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT OF FLORIDA, IN AND FOR ORANGE COUNTY. CASE NO: Cl 89-8657 DIVISION: 32 PFEIFFER THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFFS' REQUEST FOR PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS TO DEFENDANT. DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY General Objections The Dow Chemical Company ("Dow") objects to each of plaintiffs' requests for production of documents to the extent it seeks documents or information related to products which Dow never manufactured, specifically Diquat and Hydrothal. Dow also objects to each request to the extent it seeks information reqardinq 2,4,5-T on the grounds that plaintiffs' complaint does not allege that plaintiff was exposed to or injured by 2,4,5-T. 1. Any and all letters, memoranda, documents or writings of any character made by DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY toxicologists or other employees relating to any toxicological organic chemical research, inquiries, investigations or studies in connection with the formation and/or manufacturing of 2,4-D, Silvex, Hydrothal, Diquat or 2,4,5-T prior to 1978. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is vague, ambiguous, overly broad, unduly burdensome and is not limited to a relevant time period. 2. Any and all letters, memoranda, or other documents related to any organic chemical research, study or experiments with chlorinated Xanthones or chlorinated Phenols prior to 1978. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, vague, ambiguous, not understandable, unduly burdensome, not limited to a relevant time period and is not reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. 3. Any and all letters, memoranda, reports or other documents regarding any study done in connection with DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY workers who used or were exposed to DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat, or Silvex prior to 1978. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is irrelevant, immaterial, overly broad, unduly burdensome, not limited to a relevant time period and is not reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. 4. Any and all letters, memoranda, reports or other documents relating to any study done by Dr. Holder or other -2 - physicians or toxicologists in connection with DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY workers who used or were exposed to DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat or Silvex between 1967 to the present. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is irrelevant, overly broad, unduly burdensome and not confined to a relevant time period. Without waiving these objections, Dow is unaware of any studies by Dr. Holder currently in its possession which are responsive to this request and which pertain to the products involved in this case. 5. Any documents relating to or referring to the identity, occurrence, concentration, or potential toxicity of any contaminants or impurities that may have been present in DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4-D products, 2,4,5-T products, Silvex products, Hydrothal products, or Diquat products or in DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4-D acid raw material, 2,4,5-T raw material, Diquat raw material, Hydrothal raw material or Silvex raw material, from 1967 to present. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, vague, ambiguous, not confined to a relevant time period, uses undefined terms, is unduly burdensome and is not calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence because plaintiffs have no means of showing that the Dow product(s) the plaintiff was allegedly exposed to, if any, contained contaminants or impurities. -3- Hoi 6. Any documents relating to or referring to the identity, occurrence, concentration, or potential toxicity of any contaminants or impurities that may have been present in DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4-D products, 2,4,5-T products, Hydrothal products, Diquat products or Silvex products or raw materials from 1967 to the present. ANSWER: See Dow's Response to Request No. 5. 7. All of DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY Toxicology files relating to 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat and Silvex, between 1967 and the present. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad and unduly burdensome and not confined to a relevant time period. 8. Any and all letters, memoranda, reports or other documents resulting from research, inquiries, investigations or studies, which reveal contaminants or impurities in DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat or Silvex which occurred during the manufacturing or other process between 1967 and 1977. ANSWER: See Dow's Response to Request No. 5. 9. Any and all letters, memoranda, reports or other documents in connection with DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4-D, -4- Mio 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat or Silvex which relate to impurities in the manufacturing or other process which impurities include but are not limited to polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon impurities including but not limited to 2,3,7,8, Tetrachlora Xanthone during the years 1967 and 1977. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, vague, ambiguous, unintelligible, not confined to a relevant time period and unduly burdensome. 10. Any and all letters, memoranda, reports or other documents in connection with Xancene compound which is part of DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat or Silvex between 1967 and 1977. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, vague, ambiguous, unintelligible, not confined to a relevant time period and unduly burdensome. 11. Any and all letters, memoranda, reports or other documents in connection with research, inquiries, investigations or studies relating to the presence in DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat and/or Silvex of the substance Octochloro Xanthone between 1967 and 1977. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, vague, ambiguous, unintelligible, not confined to a relevant time period and unduly burdensome. -5- 12. Any and all letters, memoranda, reports or other documents relating to the presence of any carcinogen in DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat and Silvex between 1967 and 1977. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, vague, ambiguous, not confined to a relevant time period and unduly burdensome. Dow further objects on the grounds that it makes the assumption that Dow's products are or contain carcinogens, which Dow denies. 13. Any and all letters, memoranda, reports or other documents relating to any carcinogenic effect or propensity in DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat or Silvex between 1967 and 1977. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, vague, ambiguous, not confined to a relevant time period and unduly burdensome. Dow further objects on the grounds that it makes the assumption that Dow's products are or contain carcinogens, which Dow denies. 14. That certain report, document or writing made by or to a Mr. K.L. Krummel relating to organic chemical research, inquiries or investigations in connection with the formation of and/or manufacturing of 2,4-D, dated approximately October 27, 1978. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it -6- is not reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. 15. That certain report, document or writing made by or to a Mr. K.L. Krummel relating to organic chemical research, inquiries or investigations in connection with the formation of and/or manufacturing of 2,4-D dated approximately 1978. ANSWER: See Dow's Response to Request No. 14. 16. Any and all letters, memoranda, documents or writings of any character pertaining to the sale of 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat or Silvex to any supplier supplying Orange County, Florida, during the years 1974, 1975, 1976 and 1977. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, vague, ambiguous and unduly burdensome. Dow further objects on the grounds that Dow is unaware of the names of persons or entities who purchased Dow's products from independent retailers and wholesalers and cannot respond to the request as phrased. Dow does not have any records in its possession which indicate that Dow sold 2,4-D or Silvex directly to Orange County for the years indicated. 17. All invoices for purchase of said chemicals listed above. ANSWER: See Dow's Response to Request No. 16. -7- *f(3 18. All correspondence between the manufacturer and your company for the chemicals listed above. ANSWER: This request is not applicable to Dow. 19. All documents pertaining to your sale of the said chemicals to Orange County, Florida. ANSWER: See Dow's Response to Request No. 16. 20. Any complaints, correspondence or documents of any kind received by DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY regarding 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat or Silvex or any documents evidencing any dissatisfaction in any way whatsoever with the above chemicals. ANSWER: See Dow's Response to Request No. 16. Dow further objects on the grounds it is not limited to a relevant time period. 21. All documents which you forwarded to any wholesaler, supplier or purchaser of 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat or Silvex regarding the use of such chemicals, the application of such chemicals, the warnings on such chemicals, the labels on such chemicals, or related to any defects in such chemicals that were sent out at any time whatsoever and not limited to the four (4) years set forth above. ANSWER : Dow objects to the request on the grounds that it is overly broad and unduly burdensome, vague, ambiguous and not limited to a relevant time period. Dow further objects on the -8 - grounds that plaintiffs have not identified any specific Dow 2,4-D product or Silvex product upon which Dow can respond. Dow reserves the right to supplement these responses when and if plaintiffs identify specific Dow products. 22. Any and all manuals, instruction sheets, informational sheets, labels, or any documents pertaining to the use, application, effectiveness, instructions or composition of 2,4-D, 2.4.5- T, Hydrothal, Diquat and Silvex. ANSWER: See Dow's Response to Request No. 21. 23. A list of all employees with names, addresses and telephone numbers who were involved in the manufacturing, distribution or management of the division manufacturing 2,4-D, 2.4.5- T, Hydrothal, Diquat and Silvex during the years 1967 through 1977. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is irrelevant, overly broad, unduly burdensome and not reasonably calculated to lead to admissible evidence. Without waiving these objections, Dow states that Robert Flannery was involved in the sale of Dow's 2,4-D and Silvex products during the years 19741977 . 24. Any flow charts, diagrams, or systematic representations of the chain of authority or command for the division or section of the division or section of the company responsible for the -9- manufacturing, distribution or had other responsibility with regard to 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat and Silvex. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is irrelevant, overly broad and unduly burdensome, not limited to a relevant time period and is not reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. 25. Any computer lists, letters, memoranda, documents or writings of any character evidencing a list of each and every claim, lawsuit and/or dispute in which DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY has been involved regarding 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Diquat and Silvex listing the following: a. Please list the caption of every claim, lawsuit and/or dispute as well as the case number requested in this request. b. Please provide a list that indicates where every claim, lawsuit and/or dispute was filed and the date it was filed. ANSWER: Dow objects to this request on the grounds that it is irrelevant, immaterial, vague, overly broad, unduly burdensome and is not limited to a relevant time period or factual scenarios to cases involving allegations similar to those of the plaintiffs herein. Without waiving these objections, Dow is currently compiling a list of lawsuits brought between 1974 and 1977 in which Dow was named by the plaintiffas a manufacturer of 2,4-D or Silvex and in which the plaintiffs allegedly experienced a soft -10- H t(* tissue sarcoma due to exposure to Dow's product. Dow will produce this list to the plaintiffs in the near future. Dated : Uniondale, New York May 29, 1990 Respectfully submitted, RIVKIN, RADLER, BAYH, HART & KREMER By: J ^ p h J Ortego Stanley Pierce EAB Plazas Uniondale, NY 11556-0111 (516) 357-3000 CARLTON, FIELDS, WARD, EMMANUEL, SMITH & CUTLER, P.A. By: Daniel C. Johnson 1601 CNA Tower Post Office Box 1171 Orlando, FL 32802 (407) 849-0300 DOWELANCO By: David G. Wilkins Quad Three 9001 Wessleyan Avenue Suite 300, Third Floor Indianapolis, IN 46268 -11- IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE NINTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT, IN AND FOR ORANGE COUNTY, FLORIDA ROBERT W. MOYER, II and KIM MOYER, his wife, Plaintiffs, CASE NO. Cl 89 8657 '.'1 vs. DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, et al., Defendants. ____________________________________________ / DEFENDANT'S, OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION, NOTICE OF FILING RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFFS' FIRST SET OF INTERROGATORIES DIRECTED TO OCCIDENTAL Defendant, OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION ("OCCIDENTAL"), through its undersigned counsel, hereby notifies all counsel of record of filing its Response to Plaintiffs' First Set of Interrogatories directed to Occidental served contemporaneously herewith. I HEREBY CERTIFY that a true and correct copy of the foregoing has been furnished by U.S. Mail this day of August, 1990 to all counsel on the attached service list. RIVKIN, RADLER, BAYH,.HART & KREMER, P .A . Joseph J. Ortego, Esguire Stanley Pierce, Esquire EAB Plaza Uniondale, N Y ' 11556-0111 CARLTON, FIELDS, WARD, EMMANUEL, SMITH & CUTLER, P.A. Post Office Box 1171 Orlando, Florida 32802 (407) 849-0300 Attorneys for Defendant OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION G( -v Bv: . V^ c \ ___________ Daniel C. Johnson Florida Bar No. 522880 LIST OF CON8EL Roger Lutz, Esquire Holland & Knight, P.A. Post Office Box 1526 Orlando, Florida 32802 Daniel J. McGrath, Esquire Popham, Haik, et al. 4100 One Centrust Finan. Ctr. 100 SE 2nd Street Miami, FL 33131 Sheila DeCiccio, Esquire Lowndes, Drosdick, et al. Post Office Box 2809 Orlando, FL 32802 , 't David S. Batcheller, Esquire Kelley Drye & Warrent 2400 Miami Center 100 Chopin Plaza Miami, FL 33131 ? Ronald L. Harrop, Esquire Gurney & Handley, P.A. Post Office Box 1273 Orlando, FL 32802 Stephen W. Beik, Esquire Hannah, Marsee, et al. 225 E. Robinson Street Suite 505, Landmark Ctr. II Orlando, FL 32801-4303 Joseph J. Ortego, Esquire Rivkin, Radier, et al. EAB Plaza Uniondale, NY 11556-0111 Kathleen L. Petrilli, Esquire Legal Dept. - Pennwalt Corp. Three Parkway - Pennwalt Bldg. Philadelphia, PA 19102 Richard D. Schuler, Esquire Schuler, Wilkerson & Halvorson, P.A. Suite 4--D , Barristers' Building 1615 Forum Place West Palm Beach, FL 33401 ROBERT W. MOYER, II and KIM MOYER, his wife, Plaintiffs, IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE NINTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT, IN AND FOR ORANGE COUNTY, FLORIDA CASE NO. Cl 89 8657 vs. DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, CHEVRON CHEMICAL COMPANY ORTHO AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS DIVISION, AGCHEM DIVISION PENNWALT CORPORATION, HELENA CHEMICAL COMPANY SOUTHERN MILL CREEK PRODUCTS CO., INC., THE UNJOHN COMPANY, ASGROW FLORIDA, a subsidiary of the UPJOHN COMPANY, WOODBURY CHEMICAL COMPANY, FUTURE HORIZONS, INC., LANDIA CHEMICAL CO., JLB INTERNATIONAL CHEMICAL, INC., THE MONSANTO COMPANY, DIAMOND SHAMROCK, INC., Defendants. / OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION* S RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFFS' FIRST SET OF INTERROGATORIES TO OCCIDENTAL GENERAL OBJECTIONS Occidental Chemical Corporation ("OCC") objects to each interrogatory to the extent it seek information regarding 2,4,5-T since Plaintiffs' Complaint does not allege exposure to that chemical. OCC also objects to each interrogatory to the extent it requests information relating to products which OCC never manufactured or resold, specifically, Silvex; 2,4,5-T; Diquat; and, Hydrothal. :.'iI 1. Please give the name, official position, address duties and responsibilities, and longevity with the company of the person or persons answering these interrogatories. ANSWER: , John Endicott Attorney in Fact for Occidental Chemical Corporation Dallas, Texas 2. Has Occidental Chemical Company ever manufactured 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Hydrothal, Silvex or Diquat? If so, please state the following: ANSWER: See General Objections. OCC also objects to this interrogatory to the extent it seeks information concerning products manufactured prior to 1974 or after 1977. Without waiving these objections, OCC states that it did not manufacture 2,4-D during the years 1974-1977. A. Over what period of time and at what location or locations? ANSWE R: OCC objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is not reasonably calculated to lead to admissible evidence since the manufacturing location is irrelevant and because it is not limited to a relevant time period. Without waiving these objections, see above. B. Were any of these chemicals ever sold to Orange County, Florida, and if so, please list the dates, quantities sold, and prices of sale. -2 - ANSWER: OCC objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is overly broad in that it is not limited to the relevant time period. Without waiving these objections, see above. I, C. If you did not sell directly to Orange County, ( Florida, have you sold any one or all of these chemicals to any retailers or wholesalers located within the State of Florida and, if so, please list the names, dates, and quantities of sale. ANSWER: OCC objects to this interrogatory on the grounds it is overly broad and unduly burdensome and is not limited to a relevant time period. Without waiving these objections, see above. 3. If you have not manufactured 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Silvex, Hydrothal, or Diquat, did you ever purchase any of those chemicals for resale? ANSWER: See General Objections. OCC also objects to this interrogatory to the extent it seeks information concerning products manufactured prior to 1974 or after 1977. Without waiving these objections, OCC states that during the years 1974- 1977 OCC entered into an operating and management agreement with Chemical Land of New Jersey. Under that agreement, Chemical Land manufactured 2,4-D which was sold or shipped to other companies who used that 2,4-D to produce final products bearing OCC's name. Additionally, OCC's predecessor, Diamond Shamrock Corp., sold products containing 2,4-D during the years 1974-1977. A. From whom did you purchase these chemicals, giving names of the manufacturer, names of any intermediate supplier, dates of acquisition, amounts purchased, and cost. -3- ANSWER: See General Objections. OCC also objects to this interrogatory to the extent it seeks information concerning products manufactured prior to 1974 or after 1977. Without rl waiving these objections, OCC states that it will attempt to t determine the source of the chemicals if and when plaintiff specifies a particular OCC product to which he alleges exposure.\ B. Did you ever sell said chemicals directly to Orange County, Florida and, if so, give dates of sale, amount of chemical sold, and price of sale. ANSWER: See General Objections. OCC also objects to this interrogatory to the extent it seeks information concerning products manufactured prior to 1974 or after 1977. Without waiving these objections, and after a diligent search, OCC states that it is unaware of any records in its possession regarding sales of this product to Orange County. C. Have you ever sold these chemicals to any other supplier or wholesaler who in turn furnished these chemicals to Orange County, Florida? If so, please state the names of the companies, the amount of chemicals sold, the dates of sale, and the dollar value of sales. ANSWER: See O C C 1s response to Interrogatory No. 3B. 4. Have you ever published or printed any warnings regarding the use or application of the chemicals 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Silvex, Hydrothal and Diquat? If so, please attach copies of said warnings to these Answers to Interrogatories. A N S W E R : OCC objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is overly broad and unduly burdensome and is not limited to a relevant time period. OCC further objects on the grounds that -4- plaintiffs have not identified any specific OCC product upon which OCC can base a response. Without waiving these objections, OCC reserves the right to supplement these responses when and i'ij plaintiffs identify a specific OCC product. 5. Please identify each and every claim, lawsuit and/ dispute in which you have been involved concerning the above chemicals since the year 1967. a. Please state the caption of every claim, lawsuit and/or dispute listed in the above question along with the case number; b. Please state where every claim, lawsuit and/or dispute listed above was filed and the date it was filed. ANSWER: OCC objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is overly broad and unduly burdensome and is not limited to a relevant time period. OCC further objects on the grounds that plaintiffs have not identified any specific OCC product upon which OCC can base a response. Without waiving these objections, OCC reserves the right to supplement these responses when and if plaintiffs identify a specific OCC product. 6. Please identify each and every expert witness used in any prior lawsuit who has given either deposition or trial testimony involving the chemicals 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Diquat, Silvex and Hydrothal, including their name, address and telephone number. A N S W E R : OCC objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is irrelevant, immaterial, overly broad, unduly burdensome, is not limited to a relevant time period, is unintelligible and is not reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. OCC further objects to this interrogatory to the extent -5- it seeks information concerning chemicals and/or products not manufactured by OCC. Without waiving these objections, OCC reserves the right to supplement this response when and if plaintiffs identify a specific OCC product. 7. Please identify by name, position, address, telephone number, and length of time of service with your company the following: a. Each and every person who has ever testified on '. behalf of your company while an employee with you in any case involving a claim of defect or any other problem with 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Silvex, Hydrothal or Diquat. Testimony means by way of deposition or trial testimony. ANSWER: OCC objects to this interrogatory on the grounds that it is overly broad and unduly burdensome and is not limited to a relevant time period. OCC further objects on the grounds that plaintiffs have not identified any specific OCC product upon which OCC can base a response. Without waiving these objections, OCC reserves the right to supplement these responses when and if plaintiffs identify a specific OCC product. V Dated v Orlando, Florida August 3 , 1990 Respectfully submitted, RIVKIN, RADLER, BAYH, HART & KREMR CARLTON, FIELDS, WARD, EMMANUEL, SMITH & CUTLER, P.A. Post Office Box 1171 Orlando, FL 32802 (407) 849-0300 Attorneys for OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION -7 - Monday. June 2C; T KOTO - F. d tif to: t c r a i i ' s t a t u e r o . n f . ... -a o t o c o u r t u C :JOaxn 42 09 rid ty^. ).. - OiSs :A'.!burn} ' m s s f l a y , J u n e 0.: . 0 9 9 4 4 . o; OOTCJi^COiC u !J. - Ov.'t C .'; sc 0 i.. Conn n 'r , t ' 1t-soio v J\m 22, 13 04 Tloorsday , Juju: 23 ; 1 -M Friday, June 24, 1 0 0 4 S a t u r d a y , Ttrae OS, i9 0 u 0 o n r u y , J u n e .'S, l i t 4 : '' / F n o t e i 1904 f '6 : r / r t o 0 0 - x : l ; / .00.*--, s t a f c s 3 c S l a v - v. n .? j > i ? 94 0 * j c m p v d - T O . ; - 4 0 is f ' 0 : : t ii & s co u .r 0 .0 i '?., y . v U h u OS; 190 .. t`.; *1,'0 :S tune 1 0 , :. : 0 X : : v . O r l y 1 .. 9 91 - -1 f t d u u UMau e;3 ~ a.SV V-O S1Co OXCS t O S SXvS at t r d & y , . J u l y la s 4 Sua J u l y 0 f X9 9 4. Moo J u l y 4 ; 1334 s TOFF tip LIDO V - INDEP EtO-OiCT, TVs T u a s d a y , July fs . i 9 3>i 90S tjCHOOO. .;. rp'TT 0, - A'-'. f / u t o t i l e s , : p .. . - 0 : 3 0 o r 1 2 .: i s o n -- O i r i s r i s " U3 .' s..: in D X i ft*dn.ey<5ay, -July lot4 '.vhurodnyo July 7 . i^SM: .:' .as-; , July 8, 1911 ;rfo09 SHj^vAKiiR - id to sort Not to Appear at Trial w/docs; Id !"' 'I : .7.0 t 1 0 7 ; a U- : r :;- Saturdays July 9, 1994 Sunday, July 10, 1994 Monday, July Xl, 1994 #209 5EkEMiy ~ Id to submit jury fees? ~ 7/20 I i00pm ATI:A - STEP Conference Call. Tuesday, July 12, .1994 #208 RICHMOND SPILL ~ 2-rk f/u to file Complaint. Wednesday, July 13, 1994 Thursday, July 3.4, 199 4 Friday, July 13, 1994 Saturday, July 16, 1994 Sunday, July 17, 199 4 Monday, July 18, is94 Tuesday, July 19, 1994 #2OS RICHMOND SPILL - Iwk f/u to file Complaint. #209 SHUMAKER - Id to send Not to Appear at Trial w/our d e c s ; id to Vieur vtednes&ay, July *e, 1994 #209 SHUMAKER - Id to post jury foes $150 Thursday, July 21, 1994 Friday, July 22, 1994 Saturday, .July 23, 1994 ATLA Annual Convention - Clue sou Hyatt Regency Sunday, July 24, 19S4 ATLA Annual Convent .on-Cr j.cnqc Hyatt Regency v onday, July S, 1994 ATLA Annual Ccr.;vsnt ion- uti cnyo Hyatt Regency .:u ST EF ./:"ir. .1 .ur J: / : PtOCT 3C.(? ! d v July 2d, 1 '*; 0- iACATo-yp -/U;L -- .'-On 1.'i t.o 1 Corap`1a lot. Wednesday, July -27, 1994 ATLA Annual Convention-Chioago Hyatt Regency Thursday# July 28,, :i94 Friday - July 29, 1994 Saturday, July 30 1994 Sunday, July 32,, 1994 Monday, August l, IS4 DISCUSS 14th International Symposium on Chlorinated Dioxins and Related Compounds, Tuesday, August 2, 1994 8:30am #209 CHUMAKER - Trial (Auburn) Wednesday, August 3, 1994 Thursday, August 4, 1994 Friday, August 5, 1994 !?turday, August ? 1994 'sy, August T, 1994 n cay, August 8, 1994 Tuesday, August 9, 1594 Wsc lay, August 10, 1994 Thursday, August 11, 1994 Friday, August 12, 1994 Saturday, August 13, 1994 Sunday, August 14, 1994 Monday, August 15, 1994 Tuesday, August 1 6 , 1994 Wednesday, August 17, 1994 Thursday# August IS, 1994 i-i*d a y , August 19, 13 94 Wednesday, June ;i, j.94 8;3Gam #34 DORRIS. - Hearing in D17 ~ M3'HD TO CORFrer; 'WHEN NOTICE COMER FROM COURT. Thursday, June 2, IS 94 Friday, June 3, 1994 Saturday, June 4, 1994 Sunday, June 5, 1994 Monday, .Tune 6, 19 34 #209 SHUMAKER ~ Id to mail Sett Conf Stmt Tuesday, June 7, iss4 Wednesday, June 8, 1994 Thursday, June 9, 1994 Friday, June 20, 1994 #20S SHUMAKER - Id to file Rett Conf Stmt Saturday, June 21, 1994 Sunday, June 12, 1994 Monday, June 13, 1994 #209 SHUMAKER - id to exchange expert info; Id to file discovery motions 1:00pm ATLA - STEP Conference Call. Tuesday, June 14, 1994 #203 RICHMOND SRILL - 6wk f/xx to file Complaint. Wednesday, June IS, 19 94 Thursday, June 26, 1994 Friday June 17, 2994 #209 SHUMAKER - id to mail Not of Nonexpert Depo w/out Saturday, June is, 1994 Sunday, June 19, 1994 Tuesday f. May xc, 1994 Wednesday, May 3.x, i$4 Thursday, May 1 2 , 1994 Friday, May 13, 1994 Saturday, May 14, 1994 Sunday, Hay 15, 1994 Msaday, May I?., 199 4 Tuesday, May 17,!1994 Wednesday, May is, 1994 #84 M ORRIS f L/D to roai ^ter e n c e stmt to court and deft; Thursday, May 19, 1994 Friday, May 0 , 1994 Saturday, M a y :21, 1994 Sunday, May 22, 1 9 9 4 Monday, May 23, 1994 #84 MORRIS - L/D to personally f/serve conference stiat, Tuesday, May 24, 1994 #2 09 SHUMAKER ~ Id to demand disclosure of experts Wednesday, May 25, 1994 Thursday, May 26, 1994 Friday, May 27, 1994 Saturday, May 28, 1994 Sundai May 29, 1994 Monday, May 30, 19 94. STAFF HOLIDAY - MEMORIAL DAY, #209 SHUMAKER - Id to send out closing rogs May 31/ 1,$ 94 Saturday, April 23, 1994 SVtnday, April 24,, 1994 : ! Monday, April; 25, 1994 #84 HQRR.XS ~ L/D to conduct the arbitration. Tuesday, April 26, 1994 : 1 #83 STARNES - Call Court at 1:30 for tentative ruling on tomorrow's hearing. Wednesday, y :ooam ioi00am April 27, 1994 #8 3 STARNES - Status review in D e p t 17, ; ! #2Q5 NULBS - Depo of John Mules at Diablo ;Vally Reporting. 2121. N. California Blvd. , Suite 310,i VhCh/930-7388. 2:oopm #2 05 MOLES Depo of Katherine Nules at Diablo Vail lev Reporting, 2121 N, California Blvd.,, Suite 310,; W.C./930-73S3. ! Thursday, April 28, 1934 Friday, April: 29, 1994 9s30am #210 DUNCAN - hearing pj's dept j i l ATLA-ld to regie for Chicago conv w/discount = 5#6 Saturday, April 30, 994 Srftday, May l, 1994 Monday, May 2-, 1994 1 Tuesday; May 3, 1994 Wednesday, May 4* 29*4 inursday, May 5, 1994 ; .iriday, May 6, 1994 1 ATLA - id co register for Chicago com/ w/100 dieaount Saturday, May 7, 19 94 snuday, May 8, 1994 Mohccy, May 0, 1994 1*Ohr-.m &'VJ.& - STEP i'C'/nife;/isn'"te Call , Monday, aprii U , 1994 #?.0 SOTO iwk f/u to til* Proof of Service on Deft fori SuviOttons and; Complaint, Ntc. to Plfs., ADR Info sheet b liant: stat conto g -aire, & blank adr stip form. ffOi NIJIvS - our ans to spec rogs due 10 :00aw 1186 TRAMMEL.I. - depo of Terri Traitane11 (FF) 1 :OOpt loo ROBIDSOfJ - CMC D2 (Sonora) Tuesday/ April it , 1.94 S ;30am of Of ftUfrES - Status Conference in Dept t . F'adnesday, April 13, 1994 #S 3 STARNES :- L/D to personally f/serve status report to: court arid d;-fts, ; SGpra ATTA. STEP COMMITTEE MEETING ~ Washington Thursday.,- April '14, 199 4 : Friday, April; IS, 1994 #202 MCKENNA - iwkf/u to file complaint, ;! ; #205 NULE5 - our dot proci due; def 's ans to our spec :rogb due (to US) :i #186 TRAMMELL. - Miele 's ans to our form rogs due (to ;us) : #184 MORRIS;~ SRVUSDfs doc prod & ans to rogs due (to us)i Saturday, April x<>, 1994 i Sunday, April' 1?, 1394 ! : ;! Monday, Apri1:18, 1994 #206 SOTO " L/D to 'file Proof of Service on Deft for Sumimcns and Complaint, Nto. to Fife., ADR Info sheet, blank stat c o n f . q-aire, & blank adt stip form, #203 MULES - deft?, ans to form rogs due (to us) Tuesday, April 19, 1994 Wednesday, April SO, 1994 ! I Thursday, April 2 1 , 1994 ; Friday, April 22, 1394 #2 0? MCKENNA - SOL L/P to iC:r- complaint. Thursday, March 31# 1994 #lt?4 MORRIS-'- s k v u s d 's writ resp to doc prod due (to .us) Jo:: Cunsm:on vacation) ; Friday, April l, 1994 #2 0? MCKENNA - 3wk f/U to f/complaint, 1! #o 3 STARNES :- iwK f/u to ail status report to court land! defendants. '! #205 NUDES - L/D to personally f/serve status conference, q-ai.re; o u r :ans to rogs due #188- V.ROBINSON - med ir.fo roc from Drs? 8: 30am DR, SANDERS (Oakland) Saturday/ April 2, 1994 Sunday, A p r i l 13, 1994 ! Monday# April)4, 1994 :1 #206 SOTO - ;2w3fc f/u to file Proof of Service on Deft for: Summons- and; Complaint, Ntc. to Plfs., ADR Info sheet, blank stat conf, q~aire, & blank adr stip form, I i . 1 GHS - Id to submit paper re ATLA Chicago seminar (7/24 i Tuesday# April 5# 1994 ; 10:00am #184 - m o r r i s - depo or Jason (Murphy's office): 'Wednesday, Aprils 6, X9S4 Thursday, April ?, 1994 ! #33 S T A R N E S - L/D to mai ] status report to court and clefts.. Friday, A p r i l ,8, 1994 #202 MCKENNA -- 2wk f/u to file complaint. Saturday, April 9, 1994 ! ' C .r - ir v ...L . [' r i i r l j CLIN ' Mi I L -1 - - ' l ' I U L l t K acao11jtiiDaJiaiai h'.OC Tuesday, March 22, 1994 ;, #35 MOSS ~ hiD. for CSAA to p ersonally.file and s e r v e ;Reply to Opp to Motion to Compel P'Lf to attend;IME and Depo <ih CA. J*00ar. #15- MOSS - Motion to compel arbitration in Dop'd 2, Weanencoy, March 23, 1994 #125 MuSS_--inn policy rec from Mackouse? ; ; Tkursfrty, Mqrch 24, 3,994 (Jeff Carian on;vacation) .(L- itrtvircraTinqn Friday, March;25, 1S94 #202 MCKENNA ~ 4wk f/u to file complaint. (Jeff C u nan!on vacation) ft; Dept*ngB4 t&turday,- Maroh 2 , 199 4 ' Sunday, March;2?, 1994 4 : 1 4 p m flight'to St. Louis #407 7 i00pm flight to SF #S19 1 ;i |; Monday'/ March 28, 1994 j #2 05 NULLS y I../D to mail status conference q-aire to jcouft S defts. i 'll (Jeff C u n a n 'on vacation} *: : '! 1 GSS 4 1 ws to submit paper for ATLA Chicago sejminfr (due ;4/4) :; ; Tuesday,.March 29, 1994 #114 MORRIS tecs -duo from San Rain- Reg, Med. ctr, .i -K ./P!''.'-n r , '.Blh.ekhi.-vfL CC & Cai high '! ( Jpvif Car;an [on v a l io?"! ) A ; 00am i 1 . oo am li7? C l i h - . f ' " F i r v t S t a t e s C e n t , in Deptif!. -it? if - CMC ru SC Sup de di te cay, March 3 0, # i 0 ' NULIJ - owe o r i f re toc o r c a due ; ! fEU-TI i-KUTI R fc H K U t >KH I HJ EN >FIND 5P10GEK 1 'T O 8340113059" T2i P.01 i ! 3e.rsoy. . P^o-ge.r . f s q - GEROOK ? y c : A M O A3 ;OCT.AT:..,u 13 33 A . >.!..... : R] vd , , S .~ Ko 'i-A". ;) ' HA ".3'3 'A -3? 4u F & C S m i h h TEJviiSMTTAL MEMO ro : ',:1'\ "r. A Oi; Pa tlu ar Os; Secrevary to Hers 00 March 02 n o ; PAX # ; (30:;) .v, "ouyo 0f -s O-Oos i.;3.C O-Oo Ir-TiiA.;. 00.1 CiO;';;. ts :. 0V rages, one ludion g t o j o :. r .. no . .:", ro ot oof- lui; .no trap sir;Ox? i m . o o : ;. - \-h u. 3 3 machine Our Fax. o .R-u-;unl`..A:0 auo :veti^Juo. O'up r-, Cal Hit; ^vbo^iu ..u:k You. , .. Please call to acm.firx of this jo;, i, 1F'' y IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE NINTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT, IN AND FOR ORANGE COUNTY, FLORIDA ROBERT W. MOYER, II, and KIM MOYER, his wife, CASE NO. CI 89 8657 Plaintiffs, vs. DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, et al., Defendants. _____________________________________________________/ DEFENDANT'S, OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION, NOTICE OF FILING RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFFS' REQUEST FOR PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS TO ALL DEFENDANTS Defendant, OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION ("OCCIDENTAL"), through its undersigned counsel, hereby notifies all counsel of record of filing its Response to Plaintiffs' Request for Production of Documents to All Defendants served contemporaneously herewith. I HEREBY CERTIFY that a true and correct copy of the foregoing has been furnished by U.S. Mail this day of August, 1990 to all counsel on the attached service list. RIVKIN, RADLER, BAY H ,.HART St KREMER, P .A . Joseph J. Ortego, Esquire Stanley Pierce, Esquire EAB Plaza Uniondale, NY 11556-0111 CARLTON, FIELDS, WARD, EMMANUEL, SMITH & CUTLER, P.A. Post Office Box 1171 Orlando, Florida 32802 (407) 849-0300 Attorneys for Defendant OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION By: M 0 " 7 ^ Daniel C. Johnson Florida Bar No. 522880 a d d R iqq( \'.\ LIST OF COUNSEL Roger Lutz, Esquire Holland & Knight, P.A. Post Office Box 1526 Orlando, Florida 32802 Sheila DeCiccio, Esquire Lowndes, Drosdick, et al. Post Office Box 2809 Orlando, FL 32802 Daniel J. McGrath, Esquire Popham, Haik, et al. 4100 One Centrust Finan. Ctr. 100 SE 2nd Street Miami, FL 33131 David S. Batcheller, Esquire Kelley Drye & Warrent 2400 Miami Center 100 Chopin Plaza Miami, FL 33131 Ronald L. Harrop, Esquire Gurney & Handley, P.A. Post Office Box 1273 Orlando, FL 32802 Stephen W. Beik, Esquire Hannah, Marsee, et al. 225 E. Robinson Street Suite 505, Landmark Ctr. II Orlando, FL 32801-4303 Joseph J. Ortego, Esquire Rivkin, Radier, et al. EAB Plaza Uniondale, NY 11556-0111 Kathleen L. Petrilli, Esquire Legal Dept. - Pennwalt Corp. Three Parkway - Pennwalt Bldg Philadelphia, PA 19102 Richard D. Schuler, Esquire Schuler, Wilkerson & Halvorson, P.A. Suite 4--D , Barristers' Building 1615 Forum Place West Palm Beach, FL 33401 ROBERT W. MOYER, II and KIM MOYER, his wife, Plaintiffs, vs. DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, et a l ., Defendants.*1 IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE NINTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT OF FLORIDA, IN AND FOR ORANGE COUNTY. CASE NO: Cl 89-8657 DIVISION: 32 PFEIFFER * OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION'S RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFFS' REQUEST FOR PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS TO ALL DEFENDANTS 1. If you supplied any 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Diquat, Hydrothal or Silvex to Orange County during the years 1974 through 1977, please produce the following: a. All documents pertaining to your purchase of said chemicals from the manufacturer or intermediate supplier; b. All invoices for said chemicals; c. All correspondence between the manufacturer and your company; d. All documents pertaining to your sale of said chemicals to Orange County, Florida; e. Any complaints received by you regarding the above chemicals, or any documents evidencing any dissatisfaction in any way whatsoever with the above chemicals; f. All documents forwarded to you by the manufacturer regarding the above chemicals, the use of such chemicals, the application of such chemicals, the warnings on such chemicals, or related to any defects in such chemicals that were sent to you at any time whatsoever and not limited to the four (4) years set forth above; g. any manuals, instruction sheets, informational sheets, labels or other documents pertaining to the use, application, effectiveness, instructions, or composition of said chemicals. ANSWER: Occidental Chemical Corporation ("OCC") objects to `..ii. this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, unduly burdensome and not reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence to the extent that it seeks information concerning 2,4,5-T, which plaintiff has not alleged that he was exposed to or injured from in his complaint and to the extent it requests information about Diquat, Hydrothal and Silvex, which OCC never manufactured. Without waiving these objections, OCC states that after a diligent search, it is unaware of any records in its possession indicating it sold products to Orange County during the years 1974-1977. 2. If you are a manufacturer as opposed to a supplier, please produce the following for the years 1974 through 1977 pertaining to 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, Diquat, Silvex or Hydrothal: a. said chemicals; All documents pertaining to your manufacturing o ANSWER: OCC objects to this request on the grounds that it is vague, ambiguous, irrelevant, overly broad and unduly burdensome. Without waiving these objections, see O C C 1s Response to Request No. 1. b. said chemicals; All invoices or documents pertaining to the sale ANSWER: OCC objects to this request on the grounds that it is irrelevant, ambiguous, overly broad, unduly burdensome and is not 2- - limited in respect to time or geographical location. Without waiving this objection, OCC refers the plaintiffs to its Response to Request No. 1. ;.* c. All correspondence between the supplier or your ' wholesaler and your company; ANSWER: OCC sold its products to a number of independent wholesalers and distributors throughout the country during the time period in question. Therefore, OCC objects to this request on the grounds that it is irrelevant, immaterial, overly broad and unduly burdensome. d. All documents pertaining to your sale of said chemical to your supplier or wholesaler or other entity; ANSWER: See. response to Request 2c. e. Any complaints received by you regarding the above chemicals or any documents evidencing any dissatisfaction in any way whatsoever with the above chemicals; ANSWER: OCC objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, vague and ambiguous. Without waiving these objections, OCC reserves the right to supplement this response when and if plaintiffs identify a specific OCC product. f. All documents forwarded by you dealing with the application of said chemicals, the warnings on such chemicals, or relating to any defects in such chemicals or the use of such chemicals that were sent out at any time whatsoever and not limited to the four years set forth above; ANSWER: OCC objects to this request on the grounds that it is overly broad, vague and ambiguous. Without waiving these -3- objections^ O C C reserves the right to supplement this response wheii-andr if plaintiffs identify a specific OCC product. g. Any manuals, instruction sheets, informational sheets, labels, or other documents pertaining to the use, application, effectiveness, instructions or composition of saidt chemicals. ANSWER: OCC objects to this request on the grounds that it is \ overly broad, vague and ambiguous. Without waiving these objections, OCC reserves the right to supplement this response when and if plaintiffs identify a specific OCC product. Dated: Orlando, Florida August 3, 1990 Respectfully submitted, RIVKIN, RADLER, BAYH, HART & KREMER By: Josstyph 3\ Oi Stanley Pie^ EABRLaza Uniondale, NY 11556-0111 (516) 357-3000 CARLTON, FIELDS, WARD, EMMANUEL, SMITH & CUTLER, P.A. Post Office Box 1171 Orlando, FL 32802 (407) 849-0300 Attorneys for OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATON ^3^ IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE NINTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT, IN AND FOR ORANGE COUNTY, FLORIDA ROBERT W. MOYER, II, et al., CASE NO. Cl 89 8657 Plaintiffs, vs. DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, et al., Defendants. _____________________________________________________ / DEFENDANT'S, OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION, NOTICE OF SUPPLEMENTAL FILING TO RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFF'S INTERROGATORIES Defendant, OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION, through its undersigned attorneys, hereby gives notice of its supplemental filing of the attached Verification which relates to its Answers to Interrogatories previously filed. The undersigned hereby affirms the original Verification has been served to Plaintiff's counsel this date. CARLTON, FIELDS, WARD, EMMANUEL, SMITH & CUTLER, P.A. Post Office Box 1171 Orlando, Florida 32802 (407) 849-0300 Attorneys for Defendant OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION By: Daniel^C. Johnson Florida Bar No. 522880 I HEREBY CERTIFY that a true and correct copy of the foregoing has been furnished by U.S. Mail this / day of August, 1990 to all counsel on the attached service list. Attorney VERIFICATION I, JOHN ENDICOTT, hereby verify that I have read the foregoing Answer to Interrogatories and state they are true and correct to the best of my knowledge. Sworn to and subscribed before ^a JOHN ENDICOTT \, T My commission expires: LIST OF COUNSEL Roger Lutz, Esquire Holland & Knight, P.A. Post Office Box 1526 Orlando, Florida 32802 Sheila DeCiccio, Esquire Lowndes, Drosdick, et al. Post Office Box 2809 Orlando, FL 32802 Daniel J. McGrath, Esquire Popham, Haik, et al. 4100 One Centrust Finan. Ctr. 100 SE 2nd Street Miami, FL 33131 David S. Batcheller, Esquire Kelley Drye & Warrent 2400 Miami Center 100 Chopin Plaza Miami, FL 33131 Ronald L. Harrop, Esquire Gurney & Handley, P.A. Post Office Box 1273 Orlando, FL 32802 Stephen W. Beik, Esquire Hannah, Marsee, et al. 225 E. Robinson Street Suite 505, Landmark Ctr. II Orlando, FL 32801-4303 Joseph J. Ortego, Esquire Rivkin, Radier, et al. EAB Plaza Uniondale, NY 11556-0111 Kathleen L. Petrilli, Esquire Legal Dept. - Pennwalt Corp. Three Parkway - Pennwalt Bldg. Philadelphia, PA 19102 Richard D. Schuler, Esquire Schuler, Wilkerson & Halvorson, P.A. Suite 4-D, Barristers' Building 1615 Forum Place West Palm Beach, FL 33401 IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE NINTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT OF FLORIDA, IN AND FOR ORANGE COUNTY CASE NO: DIVISION: Cl 89-8657 32 PFEIFFER ROBERT W. MOYER, II and ) KIM MOYER, his wife, ) Plaintiffs, ) ) vs. ) ) DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, ) ) et a l ., ) Defendants. ) ____________________________________) DEFENDANT THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S ANSWERS TO PLAINTIFFS' INSURANCE INTERROGATORIES Defendant The Dow Chemical Company ("Dow") responds to Plaintiffs' Insurance Interrogatories as follows: 1. State whether there is or was in existence any policy of liability insurance which would or might inure to the benefit of the Plaintiff(s) herein, by providing for payment of a part of or all of any judgment rendered in favor of the Plaintiff (s) against any Defendant or against any other person, firm or corporation who is or may be liable to the Plaintiff(s) by reason of the casualty described in the Complaint, and if the answer is "YES", state as follows to EACH such policy of insurance known or believed to exist by you or your attorneys: (a) The name and address of the insurer on each such policy. (b) The name and address of each named insured on each such policy. (c) The limits of liability in such policy as might be applied to any one Plaintiff by reason of any incident and the total limits of liability to all persons by reason of any one incident. 43( * (d) The relationship, if any, between each named insured on each such policy and any named Defendant in this cause. (e) The policy number of each such policy. (f) The name and address of any person, firm or corporation, who is or may be an "additional insured" under such policy by reason of the incident described in the Complaint, and the relationship, if any, between such "additional insured" and any named Defendant in this cause. (g) Whether or not any insurer has notified any insured that said insurer or any other person, firm or corporation must pay a part of or all of any judgment before the insurer must make any payment; if so, what payment must be made and by whom before the insurer must make payment. (h) Whether or not any insurer has notified any insured that said insurer claims that there is or may be no coverage under the terms of the policy of insurance involved, and if the answer is "YES", describe the reason given for the claimed lack of coverage or failure thereof as stated by said insurer (identifying same) to said insured (identifying same) and state the date of such notice. NOTE: If such policy defense is withdrawn or waived,this sub-paragraph need not be answered. (i) Are you protected against the type of risk sued hereon by any: (1) Reinsurance? (2) Excess insurance? (j) If your answer to either of the subdivisions of the proceeding interrogatory is in the affirmative, for each such coverage state: (1) The name and address of the insurer (2) The number of the policy. (3) The form of insurance. (4) The effective dates of coverage. (5) The amount of coverage. 2 43* (6) The name and address of the named insured. (7) The name, address and telephone number of the person(s) or entity that has possession of the policy and the reinsurance or excess insurance clauses. ANSWER : Please find attached as Exhibit A which is Dow's answer to Plaintiff's interrogatory regarding liability insurance. Additionally, Dow answers as follows: (d) Dow states there is no relationship between each of the named insured and any named Defendant in this cause. (f) Dow objects to this interrogatory sub-part on the grounds that it is vague and unintelligible. Dow does not understand this interrogatory sub-part. (g) N o . (h) No. (i) (1) (2) No . Excess. The information is included in Exhibit A. (j)(1-5) (6) (7) The information requested is listed above The Dow Chemical Company 2030 Dow Center Midland, MI 48674 John C. Gorte, Manager, Liability Insurance The Dow Chemical Company 2030 Dow Center Midland, MI 48674 (517) 636-3202 t 3 +134 David G. Wilkins DOWELANCO Quad III, Fourth Floor 9002 Purdue Road Post Office Box 681428 Indianapolis, IN 46268-1189 (317) 871-8435 CARLTON, FIELDS, WARD, EMMANUEL, SMITH & CUTLER, P.A. 215 South Monroe Street, Suite 410 Tallahassee, FL 32301 (904) 224-1585 Counsel for Defendant The Dow Chemical Company 4 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE The undersigned hereby certifies that a copy of the foregoing Answers to Plaintiff's Insurance Interrogatories has-been served upon the following counsel of record this day of May, 1991: Richard D. Schuler, Esq. SCHULER, WILKERSON & HALVORSON Barristers Building, Suite 4D 1615 Forum Place West Palm Beach, FL 33401 Counsel for Plaintiffs Daniel C. Johnson, Esq. CARLTON, FIELDS, WARD, EMMANUEL, SMITH & CUTLER, P.A. Firstate Tower Post Office Box 1171 Orlando, FL 32802 Co-Counsel for The Dow Chemical Company David S. Batcheller, Esq. KELLEY, DRYE & WARREN 2400 Miami Center 100 Chopin Plaza Miami, FL 33131 Counsel for Chevron Chemical Company Ronald L. Harrop, Esq. GURNEY & HANDLEY, P.A. Post Office Box 1273 Orlando, FL 32801 Counsel for Atochem North America, Inc. formerly known as Agchenl Division - Pennwalt Corporation Kathleen L. Petrilli, Esq. Legal Department PENNWALT CORPORATION Three Parkway, Pennwalt Building Philadelphia, PA 19102 Counsel for Pennwalt Corporation 5 Roger Lutz, Esq. HOLLAND & KNIGHT Post Office Box 1526 Orlando, FL 32802 Counsel for Helena Chemical Company Daniel J. McGrath, Esq. R. Benjamin Reid, Esq. Paul T. Reid, Esq. KIMBRELL & HAMANN, P.A. 799 Brickell Plaza Suite 900, Brickell Centre Miami, FL 33131-2805 Counsel for The Monsanto Company and Southern Mill Creek Products Co., Inc. Stephen W. Beik, Esq. HANNAH, MARSEE, BEIK & VOGHT Post Office Box 536487 Orlando, FL 32853-6487 Counsel for the Woodbury Chemical Company John A. Reed, Jr. Esq. Shelia Gupta DeCiccio, Esq. LOWNDES, DROSDICK, DOSTER, KANTOR & REED, P.A. 215 North Eola Drive Post Office Box 2809 Orlando, FL 32802 Counsel for Asgrow Florida Company and the Upjohn Company Alan 6 STATE OF INDIANA COUNTY OF MARION ) SS : ) VERIFICATION David G. Wilkins, being first duly sworn, deposes and says that he is the Staff Counsel, Legal Division of DowElanco. While he does not have personal knowledge of all the facts recited in The Dow Chemical Company's Answers to Plaintiffs' Insurance Interrogatories in the case of ROBERT W. MOYER, II and KIM MOYER vs. THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, ET A L ., the information contained in these Answers have been collected and made available to him by others. These Answers are true to the best of his knowledge and belief based upon the information made available to him, and that, therefore, the statements made in these Answers are verified on behalf of The Dow Chemical Company in this litigation. David G. Wilkins Staff Counsel Legal Division DowElanco Sworn to me and subscribed before me in my presence on this day of May, 1991. Cathy E.Lsipole, Notary Public residing in Hamilton County My Commission Expires October 16, 1994 7 EXHIBIT A 4H3 ANSWER: 1. Y e s . PRIMARY INSURANCE (a) (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) Name : Address Self retained N/A N/A Named Insured: Not applicable Limits : $400,000 each person Limits : $2,400,000 each occurrence Number : N/A Policy period : April 1, 1976 to April 1 , 1977 (a) (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) (a) (b) Name: Aetna Casualty & Surety Company Address: 151 Farmington A v e . Hartford, CT Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and any Domestic or Foreign Corporation in which it owns or may own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the combined voting power. Includes Cordis Dow Corporation. Limits: $100,000 each person excess of $400,000 each person. Limits: $100,000 each occurrence excess of $2,400,000 each occurrence Number: 65XS1902SCA Policy period: April 1, 1976 to April 1, 1977 effective 10/1/76 policy amended to: Name: Aetna Casualty & Surety Company Address: 151 Farmington Ave. Hartford, CT Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and any Domestic or Foreign Corporation in which it owns or may own, directly or indirectly, o (C) (e) (j) (1) (a) (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) (a) (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) (a) more than 50% of the combined voting power. Includes Cordis Dow Corporation. Limits: $600,000 each person excess of $400,000 each person. Limits: $100,000 each occurrence excess of $2,400,000 each occurrence. Number: 65XS1902SCA Policy Period: April 1, 1976 to April 1, 1977 Name: Dorinco Reinsurance Company Address: 2030 Willard H. Dow Center Midland, MI Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company, Cordis Dow Corporation and any Domestic or Foreign Corporation in which either owns or may own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the combined voting power. Limits: $400,000 each person Limits: $2,400,000 each occurrence Number: 5001 Policy Period: April 1, 1977 to April 1, 1978 Name: Aetna Casualty & Surety Company Address: 151 Farmington A v e . Hartford, CT Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and any Domestic or Foreign Corporation in which it owns or may own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the combined voting power. Includes Cordis Dow Corporation. Limits: $600,000 each person excess of $400,000 each person Limits: "$100,000 each occurrence excess of $2,400,000 each occurrence Number: 65XS1904SCA Policy Period: April 1, 1977 to April 1, 1978 Effective 1/4/78 policy amended to: Name: Dorinco Reinsurance Company Address: 2030 Willard H. Dow Center Midland, MI 2 (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company, Cordis Dow Corporation and any Domestic or Foreign Corporation in which either owns or may own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the combined voting power. Limits : $1,400,000 each person Limits : $3,400,000 each occurrence Number : 5001 Policy Period: April 1, 1977 to April 1, 1978 (a) (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) Name: Aetna Casualty & Surety Company Address: 151 Farmington A v e . Hartford, CT Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and any Domestic or Foreign Corporation in which it owns or may own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the combined voting power. Includes Cordis Dow Corporation. Limits: $600,000 each person excess of $1,400,000 each person Limits: $100,000 each occurrence excess of $3,400,000 each occurrence Number: 65XS1904SCA Policy Period: April 1, 1977 to April, 1, 1978 EXCESS (a) Name: The Home Insurance Company, et al. Address: 59 Maiden Lane New York, NY (b) Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Corning Corporation and any Domestic Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly 50% or more of the combined voting power, and any Foreign corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly more than 50% of the combined voting power; and Korea Pacific Chemical Company. For the purpose of this insurance, Subsidiary Companies and Corporations owned by Subsidiary Companies and Corporations of the Named Insured shall be 3 fiG (c) (e) (j) (1) (a) (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) (a) (b) included as Insureds if the percentage of ownership is in accordance with the above. Limits: $124,895,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Limits: $124,895,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Number: HEC4973974 Policy Period: June 11, 1975 to June 11, 1978 Effective 6/11/76 policy amended to: Name: The Home Insurance Company, et al. Address: 59 Maiden Lane New York, NY Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Corning Corporation and any Domestic Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly 50% or more of the combined voting power, and any Foreign Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly more than 50% of the combined voting power; and Korea Pacific Chemical Company. For the purpose of this insurance, Subsidiary Companies and Corporations owned by Subsidiary Companies and Corporations of the Named Insured shall be included as Insureds if the percentage of ownership is in accordance with the above. Limits: $110,795,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Limits: $110,795,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Number: HEC4973974 Policy Period: June 11, 1975 to June 11, 1978 Effective 9/25/76 policy amended to: Name: The Home Insurance Company, et a l . Address: 59 Maiden Lane New York, NY Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Corning Corporation and any Domestic C o r p o r a t i o n in w h i c h e i t h e r or b o t h owns or may own directly or indirectly 50% or more of the combined voting power, and any Foreign Corporation in which either or both owns or 4 (c) (e) (j) (1) may own directly or indirectly more than 50% of the combined voting power; and Korea Pacific Chemical Company. For the purpose of this insurance, Subsidiary Companies and Corporations owned by Subsidiary Companies and Corporations of the Named Insured shall be included as Insureds if the percentage of ownership is in accordance with the above. Limits: $109,720,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Limits: $109,720,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Number: HEC4973974 Policy Period: June 11, 1975 to June 11, 1978 Effective 10/2/76 policy amended to: (a) (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) Name: The Home Insurance Company, et al. Address: 59 Maiden Lane New York, NY Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Corning Corporation and any Domestic Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly 50% or more of the combined voting power, and any Foreign Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly more ,than 50% of the combined voting power; and Korea Pacific Chemical Company. For the purpose of this insurance, Subsidiary Companies and Corporations owned by Subsidiary Companies and Corporations of the Named Insured shall be included as Insureds if the percentage of ownership is in accordance with the above. Limits: $109,560,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Limits: -$109,560,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Number: HEC4973974 Policy Period: June 11, 1975 to June 11, 1978 Effective 11/24/76 policy amended to: (a) Name: The Home Insurance Company, et al. Address: 59 Maiden Lane New York, NY 5 (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Corning Corporation and any Domestic Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly 50% or more of the combined voting power, and any Foreign Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly more than 50% of the combined voting power; and Korea Pacific Chemical Company. For the purpose of this insurance, Subsidiary Companies and Corporations owned by Subsidiary Companies and Corporations of the Named Insured shall be included as insureds if the percentage of ownership is in accordance with the above. Limits: $108,560,000 of primary insurance Limits: $108,560,000 of primary insurance each occurrence excess each occurrence excess Number: HEC4973974 Policy Period: June 11, 1975 to June 11, 1978 Effective 12/15/76 policy amended to: (a) (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) Name: The Home Insurance Company, et a l . Address: 59 Maiden Lane New York, NY Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Compapy and Dow Corning Corporation and any Domestic Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly 50% or more of the combined voting power, and any Foreign Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly more than 50% of the combined voting power; and Korea Pacific Chemical Company. For the purpose of this insurance, Subsidiary Companies and Corporations owned by Subsidiary Companies and Corporations of the Named Insured shall be included as Insureds if the percentage of ownership is in accordance with the above. Limits: $108,720,000 of primary insurance Limits: $108,720,000 of primary insurance each occurrence excess each occurrence excess Number: HEC4973974 Policy Period: June 11, 1975 to June 11, 1978 Effective 6/11/77 policy amended to: 6 (a) (b) (c) (e) (j) (1) Name: The Home Insurance Company, et a l . Address: 59 Maiden Lane New York, NY Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Corning Corporation and any Domestic Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly 50% or more of the combined voting power, and any Foreign Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly more than 50% of the combined voting power; and Korea Pacific Chemical Company. For the purpose of this insurance, Subsidiary Companies and Corporations owned by Subsidiary Companies and Corporations of the Named Insured shall be included as Insureds if the percentage of ownership is in accordance with the above. Limits: $107,195,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Limits: $107,195,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Number: HEC4973974 Policy Period: June 11, 1975 to June 11, 1978 Effective 8/3/77 policy amended to: (a) Name: The Home Insurance Company, et a l . Address: 59 Maiden Lane New York, NY (b) Named Insured: The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Corning Corporation and any Domestic Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly 50% or more of the combined voting power, and any Foreign Corporation in which either or both owns or may own directly or indirectly more than 50% of the combined voting power; and Korea Pacific Chemical Company. For the purpose of this insurance, Subsidiary Companies and Corporations owned by Subsidiary Companies and Corporations of the Named Insured shall be included as Insureds if the percentage of ownership is in accordance with the above. (c) Limits: $106,720,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance Limits: $106,720,000 each occurrence excess of primary insurance 7 T H irU P W ta H U K M C A U - C O M P A N Y 33304 J tfrKta 57-47 Author Lab Code Letters M. E, Skelly ML AR459 Report Mo. ' Date ALS 57-47*$*$fl>eo. 8, 1964 Title and Summary: Isolation and Identification of Possible Acnegens from the Caustic-Insoluble Portion of the Products. frorethe 2.^.5-Trlchlorophenol Process (1). ( Possible aenesena In the produets from the 2,4,5**trlehlorphenol process have been Isolated and Identified. Skin sensitivity tests on rabbits (performed at the Biochemical Research Labora tory) have positively shown 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenro-p-dloxin to be by far the most severe skin irritant among the group of eompounds identified. v CONnoOiTWAS'J2J5CTTONJICnCDON ***4-4*70;DOY//EPAAGREEMENT9-79 imweram Analytloal Researoh 13 X. B. Bradley X. X. Coulter M. 0. DeLlale H. X. 0111 0.*0. Qoergen L. M. Oreene V. S. Raberstroh T. M. Rose R. . Holmes R..R. Hoyle c R. L. Johnson * 0. J. Xalloa J H. Key DOW CHEMICAL CORP. X. N. Luoe A. P. Lueok T. R. Morton R. A. Nyquiat X. J. Olson V. J. Potts Y. X. Rous R. C. Sauers R. Q. Seholten A. R. Sexton S. A. Shrader L Silverstela L. X. Swim ROLL #4 T. P. fhorsberg V. B. Trapp l, B. estover * A. R. Widlge? M. Wright R. X. Walker ur. c\ f 1 SUMMARY 0* 03 3O Adistillation residue from the caustic insoluble portion of _ the 2,4,5-trichlorophenol process shown to cause severe folliculitis Cfl in rabbits was fractionated by preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Identification of these separated components was made by ele mental analysis, ebulllometrlc molecular weight, infrared and mass spectra. The major component which comprises approximately *0 percent of the distillation residue (0.6$ of the undlstilled caustic insolubles) -was positively identified as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodlbenso-p-dioxln, an s extremely toxic compound and known acnegen (2,3)* Preparation of this compound by the chlorination of dlbenzo-p-dloxln provided unambi guous structure identification. Eight additional possible acncgens were . separated, identified, and submitted for tests on rabbits. Solubility studies did not produce a solvent in which the solubility exceeded 0.2 percent. An analytical method, MLW.64.19, has been developed by K. H. 0111 for the determination of the acnegen in oaustlo Insoluble samples. LITERATURE SURVEYON2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORGDISENZO-p-DIOXIN Tetraohlorodlbenso-p-dioxin was first prepared by Magatti in 1880 (4). However, the reaotion route was somewhat ambiguous. Ele mental analysis, solubility characteristics and high melting point did agree with the proposed structure. The literature (C.A.) indicated * no further activity in this area until 1957. Sandermann, stockman, and Casten (5) prepared 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodlbenxo-p-dioxln and reported a . melting point of 320*-325*C.They also reported it caused ohloraene. Another paper (6) reported this compound was harmful to nan and beast Tornita, Veda, and Narisada (7) prepared this compound and reported a melting point of 295?C. Occupational chloracne (2) was observed in 31 workors engaged in the production of 2 ,4 ,5-trlehlorophenol and ita. transformation to 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetle acid and its esters The active acnegen was Isolated and proved to be 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenso-p-dioxln. Tetraohloro and trlehloro dibensofurans were also found to be active. A technique (3) for testing the monogenie potency . of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorcdlbenso-p-dloxln on rabbits was described recently. Of 'Particular-intercatfthe-authors-prcpared the acnegen--by heating the sodium-salt of 2,4,-5-trichlorophenol**fer 30 houro-at-350-400*C. Aftcr-reoryatalllsatlon,- the-product-had-a welting point,of 295 -300*0. PREPARATION OP 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-p-OIOQtIN The eompound was prepared according to the procedure of Sandermann8 Stockman, and Casten (5). Eight grams of dlbenso-p-dloxln was dis solved in 75 ml. of chloroform. Yraoe amounts of ferric chloride and " iodine were added and the mixture was chlorinated at 14*C. for two hours. ( ' Chlorination was oontlnued for five hours at the boiling point of chloro form. Th insoluble produot was filtered off and reerystalllsed four -- tim__e_s from anisole r.r\ - r% DOW CHEMICAL CORP. r * - / - a. ROLL #4 D I' / . 'M([ n Cl, Pe ex, xF` lei Dibenso-p-dioxln 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenxop-dloxln The compound had a melting point of 303-305*C. and gave the analyala shown In Table 1. Purity aa estimated by infrared examination was about 95jf. TABUS 1 ANALYTICAL DATA FOR SYNTHESIZED 2,3*78-TETRACHLORCDIBENZO-p-DIQXIN Analyala Found Theoretical Carbon, % 45.0 44.7 Hydrogen,' jf 1.34 1.25 Chlorine, % 42.7 44.0 Naas No. Molecular, trt. |l9* 321.97 M--e-ltin-g P--o-in-t 303-305*C. 295*(7)295*-30dt3)320-325*{5) Infrared Examination - agreed with isolated material Mass speotroaooplata use 35 for the atomlo weight of chlorine SOLUBILITY OF 2,378-TETRACHLORODXBENZO-p-DXOIXXN IN VARIOUS SOLVENTS e Because of the problem in removing 2 ,3 7 #8-tetraohlorodlben*o-pdloxln from various surfaces and equipment, the solubility of this eom- Sound was determined in several solvents. Approximately 15-30 mg. of he compoundwas placed in eaoh of ten, 10-ml. volumetric flasks. About eight ml. of the respective solvents were added and the solutions placed on a warmsteambath for four houra. They were thon allowed to equili brate at roomtemperature overnight. All solutions had a solid phase * present to exclude the possibility of a super-saturated solution, they were then submitted te H. H. 0111 for gas-liquid chromatographic analysis After flltorliqs, one pi. of the saturated solution was injected into a Ss-liquld chromatograph and compared with a standard in chloroform, lubilities are given in Table 2. DOW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL #4 15. /g /I ^ oeeeoMotf Interest was shown In the solubility of the acncgen in the caustie ' insoluble solution. Therefore a synthetic eaustlo-insoluble mixture was prepared. In order to have the components completely solublized room temperature, the 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene concentration had to be higher than normal. TABLE 2 SOLUBILITY OP 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-p-DIOXIN in VARIOUS SOLVENTS AT 25*C. Solvent Solubility g./lOO ml. wt. percent o-Dichlorobenzene Chlorobenzene Perchloroethylene -Chlorofrom Benzene Acetone Dimethylsulfoxide (a) Nethanol Water Caustic-Insolubles (b) 0.18 .080 .068 .055 .047 .009 <.01 .001 <.0005 .24 0.14 .072 .048 .037 .057 .0 11 <.01 ,001 . (a) SMS oaused detector fouling and better value oould not be obtained I However, solubility does not exceed 0.01 percent. (b) Composition of synthetic oaustlc Insolublest 44$ 38( 10 5< 2j( IjS 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 2,4,5>trlchloroanl8ole . 2,^-dichloroanisole 4,6-dlehlororeaoreinol dimethyl other 4,5-dlchlorocatechol dimethyl other 4,5-dlchlorohydroqulnone dimethyl othor EXAMINATION OF CAUSTIC-IHSOLUBLBRESIDUE 658 t Caustic-insoluble residue 658, which produced severe folliculitis on rabbits, was studied initially. TLC examination of tho sample on 0.4 mm. sllloa gel 0 with 10 chloroform in n-hexane development and iodine detection indicated tho presence of one major, two minor, and two traoo components. Three hundred mg. of this sample was then applied to five prepa rative (1.0 mm. sllloa gel 0) TLC plates. After development with IQS chloroform - hexane solution, three fractions were scraped from the plate.* These included a middle fraction (Middle) containing the major component. 2.4.5-trlehloro-anlaole, and fractions above (Top) and * --* *-*-*- - - - -- - -- 1 aomoounds W e r e desorbed from the DOW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL #4 K *** evaporating to I*/8 U l - i | ' " ** . .... Die residues were taken up with 10-ad. portions of benzene and submitted to K. J. Olson of the Biochemical Research Laboratory for g* rabbit testing. An additional solution containing 300 mg. of residue^ 638 in 10 ml. of benzene was also submitted. Therefore, the fraction^ which oontains the acnegen should cause a reaction equivalent to that^e of the unfractionated sample. Rabbit tests indicated that the Top fraction caused severe folli culitis on Tabblts as did the onfractIonated sample. Gas-liquid chro.aatographio examination of this fraction by H. H. 0111 showed the presence of a component having the same retention time as 2,3,7,8-tetraehlorodlbenzo-p-dloxin. THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHYEXAMINATION OP DISTILLED FRACTIONS CP CAUSTIC INSOLUBLES H. H. Gill of the Analytical Laboratory. 57*1 Building, had a 11*3 kg. sample of caustic insoluble sample 667 distilled in the East Analytical Distillation Laboratory. Ten distillation fractions, to gether with a residue fraction were collected. These distillation fractions were tested on rabbits and found to give a alight to moderato reaction. However, the distillation residue produced an extremely severe reaction. Distillation fractions 8,9, and 10 were examined by TLB on 0.4 emu silica gel 0 with 25J chloroform-hexane development. All* three fraotlens- were essentially the same with about seven components visible. 'Fraction 8 was separated into ita major components by preparative, TLC. Components were identified by their Infrared (8) and mass (9) spectra. Their identities are listed in Table 3. TABU 3 COMPONENTS IN CAUSTIC DIINSSTOILLULBALTEISOANMFPRLAEC6T8I7ON 8 FROM Component No Component Identity t,6-DlchlororesorQlnol dimethyl ether 8.3- Dlehlorohydroqulnone dimethyl other 8,3,4-Trlohloroanlsole 8.4.3- Triehloroanlaole 8.4.3- Trlehlorophenol aeobutyl ether Slnoe none of these compounds is known as an acnegen. and freetion 8 caused only a moderate resotion on rabblta, it was ooneluded that any aonegen was earrled over in the distillation. The distillation residue whleh had been shown to cause a severe reaction was examined by TLC under the same conditions as fraction 8. Approximately ten eomponents were observed. It was also noted that a considerable amount of this residue was chloroform-insoluble. This insoluble material comprised A* percent of the residue. After recrytalllslng a portion of this residue twlee from anlsole, the preduot DCW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL #4 / g /*'1 - 5 4t,i -5^ Cave an analysis listed in Table 4. It was concluded that the 5*? material was positively 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dloxin. The unrecrystallized product was examined by mass and infrared spectro metry to exclude or indicate the presence of other significant C3 insoluble components. Five to ten percent of mass 31o was found. This component is identified later in this report. TABLE <1 ANALYTICAL DATAFORCHLOROFORMINSOLUBLE IMPURITY IN DISTILLATION RESIDUE Analysis Carbon, % Hydrogen, jt Chlorine, % Mass No. Molecular Vt. Infrared Examination Melting Point Found 2,3*7,8-Tetraehlorodlbenzo-p-dloxlrt *5.2 44.7 1.42 1.25 *3.5 320 44.0 320 313 321.97 Identical 303-305*C. 303-305*C. The chloroform-soluble portion of the residue was fractionated by preparative TLC on 1.2-mm. silica gel GF^slj with 25 chloroform in n-hexane. Final purification of the components was made with 10 to 75% ohloroform-hexane solutions. Those components having lower Rf values (distance the oomponent travels divided by the distance the solvent front travels) required higher concentrations of chloroform in n-hexane and vice versa. Because some of the components were contiguous on the TLC plate.several passes were required to obtain pure compounds. In some instances, a near-pure compound by TLC could be reorystalllsed from chloroform or n-hexane. Sight components were Isolated in this manner. These were sub mitted to K. J. Olson for rabbit testing at the 0.14 level. Portions of these staples were also sent to L. B. Vestover (9) for mass spec trometry analysis, R. A. Nyqulst for Infrared examination (8),and the Micro Laboratory for elemental analysis and molecular weight determination (ebulllometrlc) From the analytical results, structures were assigned to the oomponents. Listed below are the structure assignments for the components formerly designated by their R values. Purity determinations, in general, were made by gas-liquid chromatography (H. U. 0111). Rf 0.21 -OCH^ DCW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL #4 I2- fs fH- G [dimethyl ether I `A J b " 'I t TABLE 5 Acnvznr or isolated components on rabbits Cocapound 4,6-Dlehlororesorelnol dimethyl ether di(x-Dlchloro-x-methoxyphenyl) ether x-2 1chloro-xmethoxyphenyl x-trlohloro-x-methoxyphenyl ether x-Tetrachloro-x-methoxydibenso-p-dioxin x-Triehlero-x-methoxydibenzo-p-dioxln 2,^,5-Trlchloropheny1 x-dlchloro-x-methoxyphenyl ether 2,4,5-Trlehlorophenyl x-trlchloro-x-methoxyphenyl ether 8#37#8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin x-fetrachlerodltoenxo-p-dlaxln no. be Appi. 10 13 6 6 10 18 6 3 8 Day of Exposure Degree of pgmsHmu. 14 Moderate (a) 20(a); None (b) 7 None (b) (f) 7 .None (b) (f) 14 Moderate (0) 25 None 7 None b) 7 Extremely Severe (d) 14 Moderate to Severe (e) (s) Tested at the l level. A standard sample Is being rerun' eliminate the possibility that traoe impurities may he eausing a reaction. (b) Testa have not been completed. (c) A repurlfled sample (RfO.56-1) is toeing tested. (d) found to toe active at the 4 x 10"^ and 4 x 10*^ % level. (e) Beoause of the proximity of the 2#3#7#8-tetra-on the TLC plate, this sample contains 1-2f of the very active component. The results of rabbit tests must be considered in v ^c m of this. (f) Purity is about 6o. pnr.T. #4 -7 DCWCHEMICAL CORP. /? f viceefl'oo CONCLUSION CC (C CO Nine components have been Isolated from a distillation residue of the caustic Insoluble portion of the 2,A*5-trichloro- phenol prooess. The major component in this residue has 'been shown to cause severe folliculitis in rabbits* It has been positively identified as 2,3,7*8-tetrachlorodiben*o-p-dioxin by analysis and comparison of a prepared standard* Eight additional possible acnegens were isolated* identified and tested* They showed varying degrees of activity* however* none were as active as the major component. Solubility studies in nine solvents did not produce one solvent in which solubility exceeded 0.2J*. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author would like to acknowledge the generous help of R. A. Nyquist, L. B. Vestover* and 0. J. Kalloa of the Chemical Physics Research Laboratory for structure determinations* H* H. 0111 of the Analytical Laboratory for gas chromatographic analysis, K. J. Olson of the Biochemical Research Laboratory for aonegenlo testing* and the Micro Laboratory for the many elemental analyses* bb f DOW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL #4 /s /I- 8 D 8 r* 43 COMPANY AND LITERATURE REFERENCES 1. 2. Skelly, N. E. AR^59 pp. 1-78, Special Services Laboratory, 374 Building -- Kiratoig, J. and Schulz, K. H., Dermatologlcia, 115 540 (1957). 3. Jones, E. L. and Krizek, H., J. Invest. Dermatol. 39, 511-1& (1962). 4. Magatti, 0., B. 13, 227 (L880). 5. Sanderoaim, W., Stockmann, H., and Casten, R., Cham. Bar. go, 690-2 (1957). a 6. Sandermann, V., Casten, R., Krasting. V., and Pieper, J., .Holzforsch, u. Holzverwert, 10, No. 4, 57 (1958). 7. Tomila. M., Ueda, S., and Narisada, M., Yakugaku, Easshi, 12 l86-(1959). 8. Nyqulst, R. A. Reports 166^34, 166922, 166938, 167128, 167284, 167313. Chemical Physics Research Laboratory, 1603 Building. 9 Westover, L. B., and Kallos, Q. J., Reports 166435 166464, Chemical Physics Research Laboratory, 1603 Building. 33316 . DCW CHEMICAL CORP. I 2. h ROLL #4 / 6 7 - *} D T ( THE DOW C H E M IC A L COM PANY MIDLAND DIVISION January 26. 1965 L. C. Chamberlain Executive Research 566 Building cc: X. E. Coulter V.T. E. Haberstroh G. G. Goergen R. C. Sauers SUBJECT: TRICELQROPHENOL RESEARCH The following is a summary of the problem concerning Trichlorophenol-Chloracne and the various attacks on the problem by currently active research units. I have also included several suggestions for work beyond that immediately planned. If you have suggestions or questions concerning this problem please contact the writer. Very truly yours, Benzene " 'search Laboratory W 3ullu*ng cn. ct 00 CJl ct cs I /m /(*$ 10 ^ C7S> C O N F ID E N T IA L , G Disclosure Restricted Pursuant To Court Order. "Agent -v i Orange" Product Liability V-- Litigation, t.'DL No. 281 G f\ . <L NJ k -1 The Problem: To design a manufacturing process for 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol which is economical and safe particularly from the stand-- point of w o r k ers' e x posure to chloracne exciters. . _____ NaOCHa + NaCl A H -38 KCal/ml Known chloracne exciters found as impurtles: Cl Cl cxc' Cl 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodlbenzodlazln 2,3 *7j ^ T e trachlorodibenzodiCKin ONa 1 + (CHa)aO Cl ? -4 KCal/mo] Cs V - CT O'' n -.. . C o -- . CJT r'' .. sstii Conditions which minimize Dioxin formation: "2. Non-aqueous solvent (needs Confirmation) * Conditions which favor higher rates of conversion: 1. Higher Temperatures . 2. Non-aqueous solvent However) the disadvantage of the non-aqueous solvent system is the precipitation of NaCl which can plug a tube reactor. With this information in mind, the following alternatives are seen: "*r C O N F ID E N T IA L ____________________ _______ V t ile vc hare o r ig in a l Dov d a ta on tempera to re , th is in fo rm a tio n io Disclosure Restricted SijrgbaBkrt o f th e kn ev-h o v v h ie h ve hare purchased aad ip o b je c t to "^>urt Order. "Ag^ptseertC y Agreement. L.rfrfge" Product Liabu.ty ... Litigation, MDL No. 'wt - Ti Procedure i As- x ' O. O' si. ro o Continuous Process A. Aqueous solvent j 1. Complete conversion 2. Incomplete -conversion a) w i t h recycle b) separate hydrolysis of anlsole Cl c: 03 CJl B. Non-Aqueous Solvent 1. Complete conversion 2. Incomplete conversion a) recycle . b) separate hydrolysis of anlsole C. Other solvent systems \ Some of the other solvents that have been tried on this reaction Include: It Is entirely possible that same other solvent or solubilizer might produce deslreable results. Dloxane has not been tried and If stable at high pH and a/150*C.* could be Interesting. ' V"`* D. Other miscellaneous variables: some other variables w h i c h have bee n studied in the Benzene Research Laboratory Include: i/ n / i s - j confidential^ isclosure Restricted PursuSr^ o Court Order. "Agent range" Product Uabil.ty ^ itigation, MDL No. 381 Procedure. In order to facilitate the design of a reactor the Benzene Research Laboratory (Widiger. Poffenberger, Neumann and three hourly technicians) is gathering various data (kinetic, phase, calorimetric and analytical) on part XI A above, the aqueous solvent continuous system. This is presently viewed by the engineers `and' plant"people as -the alternative most likely to succeed the soonest. Skelly and Gill at 57*t Analytical Laboratory have laid seme excellent ground work for the analysis of chloracne exciters. We are continuing to work with them to learn more in this area. ' The Chemical Physics Laboratory (Ken Bradley, Art Erbel and assistants) is working on II B, the nonaqueous system. Bradley feels that his .kinetic and conversion data are nearly complete and that the salt problem can be worked out. The engineers thus far have not viewed this approach with enthusiasm. . Bradley also has one or two long range ideas for alternative processes but these are not mature enough to spend time on now. cn a oc cn -a ro No one is looking further at II C although the Benzene Research Laboratory expects to do more on this at a later date. If another laboratory would J like to take a fresh look at the problem, I would suggest this area. Anyone getting into this work should be sure to brief himself thoroughly on the potential danger of the chloracne exciters and how they are formed and handled. . ; W. 3. Trapp 1-26-65 i /a.t / t S ^ CONFIDENTIAL Disclosure Restricted Pursuant*-- To Court Order. "Agent Orange" Product Liability Litigation, MDL No. 381 13 Procedure to INj Tfli .U L' nAA. Herrr Dr. Hans Kerz Director cf Production C. H. Bcehrinser Sohn Ir.za1he in.an Rhe In M IDLAND D IV ISIO N MIDLAND. U!H!S CONFIDENTIAL ro VN VN ro u? . :*:erz: " 5 very such appreciated the opportunity to talk with you yesterday and 1 have summarized below our understanding of she essential elements cf our conversation, as you suggested. J M * JiJl J I M JM # *l M** n r i**4 s n r it 5TT C3 00 CTI CO cn At the cutset I explained to you that there were four Dow people on three telephones here. I then introduced Mr. Silversteln, Dr. Henry Tclkmith, who would be on hand to handle any necessary translation, and finally, Mr. Dylewski, ar. engineer concerned with the development of a new process for 2,^-,5-Trichlorophenoi. We then began with a series of sedical questions posed by Mr. Silverstein. Silverstein: 1. We have isolated and. identified a symmetrical and an unsymsetrical isomer of tetrachlorodibenzodlaxin. The symmetrical isomer is "2,3*6,7" (German notation) and the unsysaetrleal is "2,3*o,o". Limited animal experimentation indicates that the unsyacnetrical isomer is much less active. Have ycu any i-^i-Tnation on the relative activity of these two lsaae Answer: "No, we stepped research - i Do ycu have any liver biopsy speciae our K.D.'s to study? Answer: nNo, since we have had no m years. Have the liver function tests or ki_.. . used on your chioracne cases been published anywneic . Answer: "Do not know". ers CONFIDENTIAL o Disclosure Restricted Pursuant o To Court Order. "Agent Orange" Product Liability, LitigaUQO. M.QL No. 381 14 <! o c: ProsiJyreL & *Hi DOW 1'668530 - 2- 1-23-65 Di- 7 cu note any increased incidence of diabetes in your chlcracne patients, cr did any diabetics with chloracne suffer aggravation of their diabetic condition? 7 ,--- arw Did you study catechol amines or ketosteroids in your chieracne cases? Answer: "Do not know". Dr. I-'err said that he would check further into those questions which were answered above as "Do not know". - Dylewski (Engineer): He explained that we are considering a distilled grace of 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (2,4,5-T) as part of our product requirement. Dr. y-srz reiterated that.Eoehringer1s management had decided net to cistill this material because of the danger of the formation of chloracne inciting materials. Mr. Dylewski was nevertheless interested to hear more about Eoehringer1s experience with the distillation and thereupon proceeded to describe his proposed procedure and to Invite Dr. Mers's comments. Dr. Merz said that they formerly distilled 2,4,5-t in copper equipment operating with a sump temperature in the range of 130-150eC. Chloracne inciters were formed presumably because of residual .cations (Ha) in the phenol which produced Ha -trlchlorophenate thus leading to the formation of dlexin compounds. Mr. Dylewski asked if Dr. Merz could name a particular concentration of salt below which it would be safe to operate a distillation. Dr. Merz would not name a cslerable level but suggested that a water extraction could be better affected by use of a retainer solvent such as msohrlene chloride or chlorobenzol for the 2,4,5-T. CONFIDENTIAL Disclosure Restricted Pursuant? To Court Order. "Agent ^ Orange" Product Liability Litigation, MDL No. 3 8 t * D i Procedure, Dr. Hans*-Merz -3- 1-28-65 .Dr. Merz was asked IT he knew what the material of con struction of the reactor autoclave was, and he replied, / 'In closing, Dr. Trapp Informed Dr. Kerz that we had not yet received the secrecy agreement papers from Boehrlnger and Dr. Merz said that he would check immediately on this because he was certain that they were completed and had assumed that they had been mailed. JUt JUl JUt JUl JUl JUl JUt JUt JrJr JJu u f i u u T TjT 7T7r / / / / J7T Wir danken Ihnen nochmals fr Ihre weiterer Untersttzung, Dr. Merz. mlt freundllchen grussen, .......... . . . Walter B. Trapp Assistant Director Benzene Research Laboratory 474 Buildi*n..g .t.-a,-.1.%...vi.. be: Hamburg Office (Qrote/Kube) G. A. Qriesa ... .S. W. Dylewski ....... L. Silverstein DOW 1568537 ; f SbSB CONFIDENTIAL o o Disclosure Restricted Pursuant^ To Court Order. "Agent Orange" Product Liability S Litigation, MDL No. 3 8 ^ . .. Procedure. r,'T * ri \ T H E D O W C H E I/.: C A L C O M P A N Y midland division January 28, 1965 K. E. Coulter Midland Division Research and Dev* 566 Building jpment ro va vi ro DOW 1 568614 cc: R. C. Sauers W. H. Kaberstroh SUBJECT : C. H. BCEHRINGER SOHN CONTRACT In December, 196^ we agreed verbally with the Boehringer Company to pay them/ for process information on 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol. Concerning the terms, they agreed that we would pay them only after we were satisfied that we had solved our problem. The Boehringer people have been extremely cooperative and genuinely concerned for our problem from the standpoint of the potential for human suffering. It is my feeling that we have reached a point where we should pay Boehringer either In part or In whole. Cur analyses of their samples show < 1 0 ppm dioxin and after considerable study of all the data they have furnished I feel that we can be confident that they have provided valid Information. Furthermore, I am confident that they will continue to cooperate with us even if we are no longer holding a check over their head. Therefore, X would suggest that we arrange to pay them . either/' Immediately with the remainder coming along In about six weeks, or the entire [ __ in one shot. Between these alternatives I personally prefer the latter because I see no reason to imply that we feel a need to hold a check over their head In order to get further Information If needed. Again, X am completely confident that they will continue to cooperate with us even after being paid In full. CONFIDENTIAL S o Disclosure Restricted Pursuani.^ j Tu Older. "Agent OrangV r'lcduc*. Liad...ty Lt.guucn, K'iuL No. 331 * AJlProcedure. 17 DOW l 5G8UX K. 2. Csulter -2 1-28-65 I suggest that we should tell thea when we pay them that we are satisfied that they have provided information that we need for safe operation but that we aay still want to consult further with them.as our work proceeds. Please contact me if you have further questions or C OC222C* v Very truly yours, / j=enzer.e Research Laboratory *7^ Building dea CONFIDE N T IA L o Disclosure Restricted Pursti&U To Co-u Order. "Agent Orange" Product Liability*^ Ltigaiion, MOL No. 331 0 0 1 Procedure. C G G 8 9 S I Mflfl THS DOW CHEM ICAL COM PANY February 5-9~5 Herrn Dr. Hans Mers Director of Production C. H. Boehringer Sohn Ingelheim am Rhein West Germany o -- ro r\3 Deair Dr. Merz: We are pleased to be able to send you approximately 20 g. of a chloracnegen-containing chloroanlsole oil which we hope will be useful to you for rabbit experiments. An analysis of this substance shows about 0.8^ by weight of 2,36,7* \ (your numbering) tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. It may be of interest to you that this material caused moderate folliculitis on a rabbit ear after two applications. The material, was applied as a 3# (by weight) solution in benzene. Herr Silverstein says that he is confident that a single applica tion would have caused the same result. The sample, identified as # 6 58 oil, is leaving today via air mail. Best personal regards. Sincerely yours, falter 3. Trapp Assistant Director Benzene Research Laboratory 47- Bldg. sc : Hamburg Office (Grote/Kuhe) G. A. Griess L. Silverstein CONFIDENTIAL _ 0 Disclosure Restricted Pursuant .7 To Court Order. "Agent Orange" Product Liability CO Litigation, MDL No. 331 C Procedure. l \ 19 y y i' 'it.* r * -V* > \ DOVI 1-5G8557 IfcfrtJSL**10M n D i r . D r . Haas Merc C. H. S o eh riu g er Sohn Ingeihein aa 2hein West Gernauy Dear D r. Mem: We w ere p le a s e d to l e a r a t h a t our s a n p le o f c h l o r a n i s o l e o i l a r r i v e d s a fe ly , as rep o rted in y o u r l e t t e r o f P eo ru ary 23, 1965* The c h e n ic a l an aly ses o f your san p les o f 3a T rieh lo ro p h en ate s o lu tio n and the A aisole o il have been com pleted and th ese r e s u lts a re en clo sed . We e x p e c t to co m p lete so n e i n t e r e s t i n g a n i a a l t e s t i n g on th e s e m a t e r i a l s i n a b o u t two weeks and w i l l se n d th o s e r e s u l t s a s so o n a s we h av e th e n . I an enclosing a d e scrip tio n of our gas chronatotraphy nethod. H err S ilv e rs te in has given ne a copy of "T oxicological P ro p e rtie s of T r i c a l 0ro b ea se n o " f o r y o u and th i3 i s e n c lo s e d a l s o . E ludest personal regards. S incerely, V /alter 2 . Thann CONFIDENTIAL" Disclosure ResVicted. PurSi To'Court Order* "A ient r ^ 1 ;.-*: t "" Orange" Product LiibtF.ty?* Litigation, N'iDL No. .o H I. Procedure I. ' `GLC ANALYSIS OP Your 2,4,5-Trlchlorophenate Solution The phenate solution was acidified, the resulting.oil layer amounting to 175 of the sample. The "lights" shown in the analysis include dichloroanisole, 2,4,5-trichloroanisole and three dichlorodimethoxybenzenes. Any 2 , 3 6-Trichloro- phenol -ls--lncluded in the 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol peak. Component. Weight Percent "Lights" Dichlorophenol Water 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 2-Methoxy-4,5-dichlorophenol 4 - '.'ethoxy-2 ,5 -<iichlorophenol J 5- r'ethoxy-2,4-dichlorophenol ) 2,3,6,7 and 2,3,6,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 2.9 0.8 1.4 91.8 0.3 . : .ct '.C O C7 'JUT... -CO 2.7 V L- 0.3 p.p.m. (T hreshold = The Anisle Fraction o-Dichlorobenzene p-DIchlorobenzene . ... 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene o 1,3,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene Diehloroanisoles Trichloroanisole Catechol and Hydroquinone - dimethyl ethers Resorcinol dimethyl ether 2,3,6,7 and 2,3,6,8 Tetra- chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin I I . INFRARED ANALYSIS < 0 .1 <.0.1 21.0 0.1 0.7 9.1 6 1.0 3*3 4.8 .. . . .. . <10 p.p.m. (Threshold = " ...................... .10 ppa) This work Is In progress and will be forwarded to you later. *: - " *i c o n f id e n t ia l ; Disclosure Restricted Pursua '. To Court .Order.^'`Agent -GD` ' Orange" Product Liability Litigation, M DLNo'.'3$l " Procedure_: ANALYSIS OF CAUSTIC INSOLUBLE O I L AND 2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOL FOR COMPOSITION BY GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY _ The following analysis may be made on 2,4,5-trichlorophenol by GLC. The following conditions are used: . .Column 'Packing : Temperature: Detector : Sample Size: Helium or Nitrogen : Flow 12 feet x 1/4- inch SS 3o 'Sorbitol in Chromosorb* W - 80/100 mesh . 1 5 0 -C. on column, 250*C. on injection port ' Hydrogen flame or thermal conductivity Dependent on detector used Adjusted so that the 2,4,5-trichlorophenol retention time is 16 to 18 minutes .J'OV ' Ct-: - CO CT v CJT .VCD Using the above conditions, the following components may be determined, if present. They are listed in order of. elution. -V ; p-Dichlorobenzene 1,2,4-- Trichlorobenzene ) . *\" 1.2.4.5- Tetrachlorobenzene) as ne comPonent 2,5 and 3,4-DlchIoroanisole - as one component * 2.4.5-Trichloroanlsole ....... 2.5- Dichloro-l,4-dimethoxybenzene 4-,5-Dlchloro-l, 2-dimethoxybenzene 2,4-Dichloro-l,5-dl^ethoxybenzene Dichlorophenols (2,4-2,5-and 2,6-). .< *g " *. > 2.4.6- Trichlorophenol- . 2.3.6-Trichlorophenol 1.:. 2.4.5- Trichlorophenol 4.5- Dlchloro-2-methoxyphenol 2.4-Dichloro-5-methoxyphenol) __ 2.5- Dlchloro-4-methoxyphenol ;as one co:nPorent 2 ,3,4-t ichlorophenol, if present, a, fears w i t h 2 , 4 , 5 - t r i chlorophenol. A representative chromatogram is attached. ' Analysis of caustic insoluble oil or anisoles is .performed using the following conditions: ****.^/.*'*' '**'**.<* ... , . .-- .t.-"*.'; C o l u m n ' - 8 feet x 1/8 inch SS Packing . : 2o Carbowax 20M alkaline on /.Chromosorb P 60/80 mes h . Temperature: Programmed - 100C. to 250C. at r :'4C. per minute. 250C oniinjection . - 11 \v..v. port . ....:... r-.t. -- - ' ' -- 'v'W .. .Detector ^ Hydrogen flame or thermal conductivity.. ..-* ... v Sample Size: -Dependent on dete -or used. C Q S l F j Q E N T t A l - . . v*. . ^ .1. * . ~ * ..1' I `. ^'sclosur-iRKtricted Pursuatkl ' ~o Court OrrJvgint ` '' Orange" Prdtfcf Liability -- C t ' litigation, MDt :Nc. 331 22 Procedure 4' 'Helium or ' .Nitrogen : ' Plow Adjusted so that the 2,4,5-trichlofoanisole retention time is about 28 minutes. o asns' I MOO Components are eluted .in the following order, if present m-Dichlorobenzene p-Dichlorobenzene . o-Dichlorobenzene m-Chloroanisole 'p-Chloroanisole ' 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 1,2,3-Trlchlorobenzene 1,2,'4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene 2.4- Dlchloroanisole : x,x-Dichloroanlsole 1.2.5.4- Tetrachlorobenzene 2.4.5-Trichloroanisole 2.54.5- DDiicchhlloorroo--ll,,24--ddlimmeetthhooxxyybbeennzzeenneeI)as one component 4.6- Dichloro-l,3-dimethoxybenzene **.-*1. A representative chromatogram, is included. -t ..The Dow Chemical Company Midland.,.Michigan U.S.A. '. i*. r - - : '.* ?V-i 4-* . 1. i ', ... ^ ' u; ' *v/ . ."1* - * *...* ' ' V .............. * V,*'' .; * h t >: . *1 ` ]''f.:5 '"S . CONFIDENTIAL:-; ' `"`O '- Disclosure. Restricted P\SU3r.t ; To Court Order, - Orange'1.'-Frd'-ict.itiiiSJr ' l - Litigtion,; tvrL.'.N,o'.`. o i-*; 'r ; P r o c e d u r e __ : WW& Mk * kv*.V.* X. Ho#. rvy X. C. B a r r o n * V. L. C o r b in R. C. Hoff K. R. H o y l o Z>. E. P i a t c h e r TtonuAnv u, 1965 v. v.. cm L. S l l v t r s t e l e C. E. O t h C. E. t.ynn f . C. A n s i u l I . C. S l a e h l l n f c c ; J . D. D o e d e n * * O t i s i n t r o d u c e d th e m e n M n j by ind icaMn* Disc r o c c o t I n f o r m a t i o n i n d i c a t e * " E x c i t e r " components nay be p r o w n t lfl Do 2 . 4 | S - t r l c h l o r o p h e n o l . Q i n p r n d u c l s t s c o n c e r n e d a b o u t 2 ,it i*-7 i c i f l , v M c r * , f o r r . u l a t t o r . * , m l l v e x , r o n . - . c l , s o d E r b v n . T h i s meeting i d t o r o v i c s t a t u s o i o u r kaowledc* oi th is subject, putcn-tial hazards, pusuiblo e f f o c t o n Dow i m a ^ o , l e g a l 1o p l i c a t i o n s , a n d n e e d l o r p o s s l b i s q u a r a n t i n e . These b a s i c d e c i s i o n s a ro to be sad without consider* cion of rconom c inpact. . S u a n a r i s l o z p a n t e x p * r i v n c c s , V. K. Rowe b a l d t h a t Do h a d s o c h i o r a c n p r o b l e m * r u l a t c d t o t r i c h 1or np!ino l p r o d u c t i o n / o r 25 y ea rs u n t i l p r o c e s s changes e r e e f f e c t e d in iho oprln.; o f 1964. based on r e s e a r c h i n f o r m a t i o n accumula ted over tr. y e a rs , son ideas have been put together regarding the lik e ly c o m p o u n d w h i c h g i v e r i s e t o t h i s p r o b l e m . Tho 2 , 3 ,.' . * tetrachiorodibenzodloxln has been p r e tty v eil established a s a p o s s i b l e c o n t a m i n a n t . A l s o , t h e r e i s ku. i n d i c a t i o n o f t h e p o s s i b l e p r e s e n c e o f t h e 2 , 3 , 7 , 9 f i e r i v a '* a n d t wo o t h o r c o m p o n e n t s d e s i g n a t e d a s " U n k n o w n No. 1" a*.. " Un k n o wn xo. r \ H o y l o r . a i d t h a t t h u r a b b i t t e s t i l l d e t e c t *1 p p b o f t h e 2 , 3 . 7 . b - d i o * i n . VPC i l l d e t e c t 0 . 2 - 0 . ; , ppr. o l Che 2 , D . 7 ,.bd i o x i n I n t r 1C h l o r o p b v n o i . A l s o , VPC i l l d e t e c t ah*ut 5 . 0 ppm o f t h # 2 , 3 , 7 , B - d i o x l n In 2 , 4 , 5 - T a c i d . (Dy phone on I v h . l U . l ' J h S H o y l o I n d i c a t e d t o t h e w r i t e r D i a l i t i s n o f o i l t h a t VCP w i l l d e t e c t 1.0 ppm.) I n s a m p l e r h e r k f d f r o m O c t o b e r , 1 9 *l, t o t h e p r e s e n t , no 1d i o x i n a s f o u n d I n t r i c h l o r n p l i e n o l uar. pl >s 1 ' J '*'.1 b l d g , 1u s i n g t h e a n i m a l t e n t . T h e a n i m a l tt-s: ,;t* '-mme 7a c t i v i t y i n o n e i. a m p l e o f a f l i t e r c;,k* >, > v n i c i l im purities rcnovd in T-aclt! p ro io s in ;:. h *J . >. a>iifyi,h'<r''~*^ 11 iSXg&ZT* Z ; . f . f `-?_* _ -3- Settlag of limit >f analytical methods and correlation of YFC and a a im al tojt data *ro not complete. Vlgbteen application at 4 ppb in TCP represents the threshold #*for aolaal reaction. Tea exposufes acJO.S ppm la TCP gives a mild reaction. One exposure at 40 ppm io TCP gave a positive reaction. It 1 encouraging to note that exacting test bave indicated b o evidence of .liver damage la exposed operators. Zt vis s p e e d that P.oee should move ahead with contact 1th U.S. Public Health Service and Department of Agriculture repre sentatives as soon as our scientific data is better correlated, full cooperation will be offered as regards analytical, testing, and toxicological,information. Process details are not to be revealed. Also,^contact* are to be nade 1th other companies bo manufacture trlchlorophenol, namely, Diamond, Monsanto, Hercules, and Hooker. Rove planned to contact his counterpart in Monsanto on February 10, 1D63. Where he does not have established contacts, he ill suggest that Lo* Corbko take care of discussions. Thompson-Hayward co not make trlcnloropbenol but aro aware of and have been io discussion vltb Doe O B this problem. It as agreed that V. K. Tow* should serve as Drr contact for any lnqulrios'.which come to anyone in Do regarding the "Exciter problem. Also,''Rove Is to serve as a focal point and advise regarding possible hazards *hlch nay result from the sale of trlchlorophenol derived bioproducts until this situation is fully resolved. Staehllng Summarized analytical data on process saaples of trlchlorophenol as follows: Pate Uoknovn K o .l 1963: June Oct. <i 3 1964: Feb. June Sept. Nov. Pec. 2 3 2S 3 3- 196 J: Jan.7 Feb. 8 Feb.IS 8 10. 3 2,3,7,0 Dioxin o < o.s <1 <1 <1 (0,5 < o.s <ro.s <0.i <1.0 2,3,7,8 Dioxin < < o.s <i 6* <i 0.8 <0.s 0.8 <0. 3 <1 Uakiu No. : 6 14 2 4 20 S 3 9 20 10 Calc' d Dioxin . 6 17 4 7 4S 6 17 30 13 t-ijVI t. iSriv1'C4 I v)r 1^"^foSrT^Wt**'i?*Vyiky-- *t*'**--y*"1'**11 if !h*`L'kX-^ _'I_ ____ - - --- 1..... DVf 12934G zz U U I IO c c 4 U K ItIItOtV-O4 M (-4 t a o t *4tt*4 P0 9 I V an -o <**** .. w u <- t o n * * '-**' * * ** +* c c c o ^ o- a t p n q *4 eb tboi V-o4 *o * o4t^i Ca D -* Co Ua a * c h i^-tbo*VMHO>.uItoauCo*KutM PM0 0 MC TI<*HU nf i c r. j ac 1-44MOo4 t0 i ao 0-4 H b i Wtt t o 4P t ot UHo M-I4 -tM4 tPtuOB. VtI H1 -*t T>It -Oo O- 4 o v a i a c oo^ PO O IUT*>ptO O o * a -4 u c a * * t n c -- .. -* a rl-<0 t * 4 > 3 0 e t LJI-Soa atfu a un o rnOoci -o-4r44Peoaf4uHtdd P-tau4iIa*a Im Mo.rP. 4* O**-4 > au-opcnapoui t* *a to* -4t U V-4 -bV -*4*rid P t*U<4 OO4VM p a 9 --4 - t i e b a - o ^^^POHdP fi o n c m ** 4^ o -i*4i ta? oa *o4 po a (OE->XC<cP4o>D-Pn- XotK'lnTIi rtt -OK4 O t HXOOtt . * no o P P b 'p 9CU4C4U> *0 O > O C b o H -4 *4 P o t " ; ^ n p c p m us c rfp O4 l foo o o o -*4H Tn-m4 atf l '- >i 4 b<maa~Ai<v(i3t) Ott ao-b<U4-m-^ b(HfVpKI -4p4P4* a a c + O K-4 e x t a aC M *4 O Tl b P ip O a -4r*t-4a ti n ap tu t-4 -t * i t t -4 H ttp pt px Wth * i rOi > % Bightn application at 4 ppb in TCP rprfits the threshold for animal reaction. 6.8at*Tb exposufea ppm inTCP gives Mild reaction. One exposure at 40 ppm io TCP gave a positive reaction. I t 1 sttcouraglng to not that exacting tests have indicated d o evidence of .liver damage io exposed operators. It v u agreed that Rove should ova ahead vith contact vith U.S. Public Health Service and Department of Agriculture repre sentatives as soon as our scientific data is better correlated. Pull cooperation vll\ be offered as regards analytical, testing, and toxicological,information. Process details are not to be revealed. Also,^contacts are to be nade vith other companies vbo manufacture trlchlorophenol, r.anely, Diamond, llonsanto, Hercules, and Hooker. Rove planned to contact his counterpart la Monsanto on February 10, 1065. Where he does not have established contacts, he ill suggest that Low Corbin take care of discussions. Thompson-Hayward cio not make trlchloropbenol but aro avare of and have been io discussion vith Doe OD this problem. It vis agreed that V. K. Hove should serve as Dov contact for any lnqulrlos^vhich come to anyone in Dow regarding the "Exciter1 problea. Also,**Rove Is to serve as a focal point and advise regarding possible hazards which nay result from the sale of trlchlorophenol dorlveu bioproducts until this situation is fully resolved. Staehltng summarized analytical data on process samples of trlchlorophenol aa follows; t* * Pat Unknown 2,3,7,9 2,3.7,8 Ifokm Ko. 1 Dioxin Dioxin No. : Cslc'd as Dloxln.1 + 1963; June Oct, <1 3 <<10.5 <<o.s 6 14 1964: Feb. June Sept. Nov. Dec. 2 3 25 3' 3- <1 <1 <1 <0.5 <0.5 <1 6 <1o.s <o.s 2 4 20 5 3 1965: Jan.7 Feb.9 Feb.15 IdS3. 0.8 a-* 9 20 10 28 4*7 Staehling lndicatod that there was sows evidence that through & process change he could c o m up with trichlori pheool showing less than 1 ppm of "Unknown No. 1", each of the dioxins, and MUnknown Ho. 2*** After considerable discussion It was agreed to set a specification of trichlorophenol for bioproducts use to Include the designation that none of the dioxins should be present within a sensitivity of 1 ppm and that the specification for the two "Uokoowns" should be 10 ppv maximum. This specification should continue until suitable correlation between bio-assay and analytical data are shovo to warrant changing the specifications. Bonnel Bade from trichlorophenol (sample, 2-8-6S) (no ppm of Ho. 1 plus Ho. 2) will be quarantined unless the bio-- assay Is negative. It was agreed not to use the 2-18 staple of trichlorophenol (13 ppm) for ronnel Baoufaclure. A pre-shipment sample of Monsanto T-acid showed 10 pp* of the 2,3,7,ft-dioxln. Analytical data will be obtained on the shipment received and compared with Dow reforence samples before a decision IS made whether to use nr roturo tbe T-acid. (NOT2: Hoylo indicated on Feb. 19, 1968, that this shipment shoved 3 to 7 ppm of the dioxin. It was agreed to meet Feb. 22, 1968, to decide on the disposition of the Monsanto T-acld. fftP D. X. Fletcher Bioproduets Department 29 r _____ THE DOW CH EM ICA L CO M PA N Y MIDLAND, M ic h ig a n ^ . J>"ch 5 , 1965 i.-^r H. L . G ordon, M. D. M edical Departm ent 607 B u ild in g cc: D r. B. 3 . H o ld e r, M edical Departm ent, 607 B u ild in g D r. C. G. Kram er, M edical Departm ent, 607 B u ild in g D r. H. H. Gay, M edical D epartm ent, 607 B u ild in g D r . R. D . S t e w a r t , M e d ic a l R e s e a rc h , 607 B u ild in g L. G. S llv e r s t e ln , B io ch em ical R esearch, 1701 B u ild in g __H . R . H o y le ,. B io c h e m ic a l R e s e a rc h , 1701 B u ild in g E . M. Adams, B io c h e m ic a l R e s e a rc h , 1701 B u ild in g V. K. Rowe, B io ch em ic a l R esearch, 1701 B u ild in g K. J . O lson, B iochem ical Research, 1701 B u ild in g T36. 25-66631-2 THE INEFFECTIVENESS OP WASHING AS A PREVENTIVE MEASURE IN THE FORMATION OF F O L L IC U L IT IS IN THE RABBIT EAR FOLLOWING REPEATED APPLICATIONS OF SYMMETRICAL TETRACHLORQDIBENZO- D IQ X IN Problem To examine the effectiveness of washing with soap and water as a prophylactic measure in the control of folliculitis produced in the rabbit ear by repeated applications of various concentrations of symmetrical tetrachlorodibenxodloxin. . f *\ ^ Materials Used O.OlJf and O.OOljf symmetrical tetraohlorodibenzodioxln isolated from caustic Insoluble oil. Vehicle - Benseoe Soap - Dial Tap Water Washing Procedure Cars vert thoroughly mashed with rich eoap lather for JO toconde and subsequently r insed la copious Mounts of freely flowing tgn water after which they ware blotted dry with nx .* > f Doctor Oordoo 2- March 5, 1965 Expoaure Times S e le c te d For Study 1) Ten seconds ( u n t i l benzene e v a p o ra te s ), 2) two h o u ra, and 3 ) fo u r h o u rs. fw E xperim ental Procedure The e f f e c t iv e n e s s o f w ashing w it h aoap and w a te r aa a p ro p h y la c t ic m easure was s tu d ie d i n th e la b , by r e p e a te d ly ap p ly in g the s o lu tio n s described above to ra b b it ears - 0 .1 c c /d a y /e a r -- and a llo w in g the m a te ria l to rem ain fo r c o n t r o lle d p e r io d s o f tim e b e fo re w a sh in g . Two a n im a ls were used to d e m o n s tra te each p o in t re p re s e n te d by a ch em lc a l c o n c e n tra tio n and a p a r tic u la r exposure tim e. C o n tro ls f o r each c h e m ic a l c o n c e n tra tio n and f o r the s o lv e n t were Inco rp o rated In to the study. A to ta l o f 20 anim als were used In th is e v a lu a tio n . cn * ^ *vl R e s u lts and C onclusions Results of this study indicate that symmetrical tetrachlorodlbensodlsxln is a very affective acnegen. Under the conditions of the study, concentrations as low aa O.OOlJf In bensane pro duced a discernible folliculitis as s result of ten applications. Purther, that within 24 houra of the last application a moderate folliculitis developed. Under the conditions of the experiment It appears that ashing with aoap and water is quite Ineffective as a preventive measure. Immediate, thorough washing with aoap and water only slightly delays the formation of follloulltls in the rabbit ear follow ing repeated applications of synaetrleal tetrachlorodlbensodloxin. IS WHOLLY INKPPSCTIVE AS A PREVENTIVE MEASURE. Summary of R esults Kc 'it' Data of f i r s t exposure An. Solutlc 0. t*'- i*. 2- 9-^5 a, or U Data cm V hlth PollleullU a 1s t Discerned ( 9m ; r(j*'7'V$` !i m* fal. tL vVt- iie-a"H ' mV: 'wc,1 7<V W CHEMICAL CORP. Doctor' Cordon 3 - Karen 5 , 1965 (contin u ed from the preceding page) An. No. it 30 it20 653 64 b 409 411 ^O u o1 JC > CO 677 mw <-o 647 S o lu tio n S tre n g th 0 .0 0 1 * 0 .0 0 1 * 0 .01* 0 .01* 0 .01* 0 .01* 0 .01* 0 . 001* Days On E x p t. 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 657 Benzene o n ly 668 0 . 001* 654 0 . 001* 659 0 .01* 661 0 .01* 14 14 14 14 14 No* Of Expo. 10 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 11 10 10 9 9 D ate on Which F o llic u litis 1st Discerned 2 /1 9 2 /1 9 2 /1 9 2 /1 9 22 //M18 Ear Appearance <* S I.-m o d . f o l. Moderate f o l . Severe f o l. Severe f o l. Severe f o l. Severe f o l. en -vi sl r** OC 2/22 2/22 Moderate f o l . Moderate f o l . None 2 /2 3 2/22 2A 9 2 /1 9 None S lig h t fo l. Moderate f o l . Severe f o l . M o d erate fol. MssKftdF K S kF" 1 I1 *4 1mwR m nS lk f. I B H u I H M 1 H ^^^EMdS ; H UsKKqsf 1 ut 0*001% 0 .001% 0 .01% 0 .01* 2/2} 2 /2 2 2A8 2/17 Slight fol. Slight fol. Severe fol. Animal died 2/17 HU. m Signed Checked If / . .... I[j^pkm*,.;. , *^ *!*'':. "` V^; ** t ^ ' s . : ,,e liochemloal 1 -- X?0 1 u U d U c C. ^ M >! * CHEMICAL CORE. I r o l l #21 D /r/ $* / y c. *. 0*1 ^ ^ * Wi i.- t*1 ,.'i*:.Cf 'a ur* .-.& mmm *.Ml IIM *<*(* , th e re h a v e b een c a n y r e p o r ts o f p e o p le d e v e lo p in g c h lo rn e n e end l i v e r d am p ,# f r o a o ve snpqa u rc t o 1 ,1 ,3 trlc h lo ro p h o n o R y e e e tlc a c id ( 2 , 1 , 3 D i n In d u s tr y * I t has h e e a su e fe s te d l a th e lit e r a t u r e th a t th e to x ic e ffe c ts w ere nee due to 2 ,i,3 T b u t to aeae 1 j j S h r c o n te n tn a n t -- I t la -n e c e s s a r y t o ld e n t lf y th o to x ic cospouad o r c c a p o u n d a -ln - . caESB erdal 2 ,( ,3 T as a m a n s o f a o lv in q t h is o c c u p a tio n a l h e a lth *p ro b le a . (s e e Append ho h e r b ic id e 2 , i , S T is produced and u ld e ly u sed in l a r j e q u a n titie s * and s e v e r a l css i l l n e s s h a v e r e s u lt e d froes c o n ta c t w it h th e cesp o u ad * i f t h e c o d e eaapound is a s . ; 2 , * , j r 1 b u t soae t ih s r e e n ta a ln a q t*. th e n th e a a a u ia c tu r la t process b i iiitt be a lte r e d 1 's e ra u ay t o a l i a ! n o t a* th e hasardous eaapound* t t. **J*tn#Mi Ma* ZTrT^TiT^TTpiT . r l k o e x s e r c t a l l y a v a ila b le 2 ,4 * 5 T w i l l b e s e p a ra te d by | t l < n lectro p h o seo 4e i n t o i t s | s e p a r a te c o s n o a e a ts * and each com ponent w i l l b e te s td d f o r i t s ac.rv ; e a le and l i v e ; -u d c a t l n t e f f e c t b y p e i n t l n ? i t o n t o t h e s k i n s o f r e b b l t s * S k i n b i o p s i e s , b lo o d l l v s v L :< * t lc a te s ts *, te s ts fo r u r in a r y p o rp h y rin s * liv e r b io p s ie s , a u to p s ie s , h is t o lo g y ." f<te l e e t r s a a i c r o s c o p y w i l l b e d e n e . A n a v a i l a b l e a s o u n t o f 2 , 3 * 7 * 8 t c t r n c h l o r o d i b e a s o * p -d ie x in w i l l s ls o b e te s te d o r a l ly on d o * s , u s ln ~ a l l th e above o en elo n ed t e s t a * S - c h e s ls c ry o f th e csepounds w i l l be d e te ra in e d by t h e ir U -V and in fr a r e d a b s o rp tio n -- s p e c t r a . ___________ t . U t i l * * M I W tm M IM M I * M O M M t a l, IK H IM C , M H ll* > * U * M C el e le c tro p h o re s is a p p aratu s Jl a t c r a a t t e n a l c e n t r i f u g e * 1 year IK ,,,, {$16.085 *** l*MU, **1*' Bevld R. Crock 316*085 h<!*b u u r ?ach*lo~.y Unit 1. Kn tia.Sup .3c s . Vet. u , M i n n i i m m s cmi " <*. a u t t i a , i m i m u * February 1* 1965 l* ( tl ,( 1 ,1 , U 'l l l l l l * N Cw.ichcr * Kraus ttjrtt rr, U U K lIII Qm 50 * ' : % CMa r s e n e MU> l.H I* I. A* thg oopound 2,3,7,B'tetrahlorodlbcso-p-dIoxln vili ki | l v A lly U thrif o f A c 1 r a lly 1 t k m d l f f i m t 4m 0 . 1 /u g/Kg, 1 . 0 / i g/Kg *d lO /i | A | * The ctapow d a n t f i r s t W d llu ttd t o concentration o f lO /i | / e e In U S eth yl a lco h o l. Thr con trol dogs who v i l i receiv e only the d ilu en t v i l i alno ho used. ^ The uongrel dogs v i l i vaigh between 10 sod IS Kg. ^ The follow ing laboratory t e s t s w i l l be performed tw ice before adnint s tr a t i on o f p e stic id e end a t le a s t tw ice b efore adninl s tr a t i on o f the p e s tic id e end a t le a s t tw ice weekly a fte r th e adninl e tr a tlo n has begunt SCOT, scj!r, SP, lip a s e , saylaso h B0>, soger, VIC, b e t ., g g b ., and d iff e r e n tia l blood counts. Orine w ill a lso be * * collected for an alysis o f urinary porphyrins. liv e r b iop sies w ill be performed once on each aninal before p e stic id e adm inistration, end on the 1 s t , 8 th , 15th and 22nd days o f adninl S tratton o r nore o f te n , i f th e | laboratory t e s t s show evidence o f ^extensive liv e r danage. Sons o f the b io p sie s i w ill he processed for electron nicroscopy, p a rticu la rly the pre-adaintetratlon t * b io p sies and the 24 hour b io p s ie s . d r o p s ie s w ill be performed on a l l s n in a ls that d ie,* and a t 30-60 days o f th e1,exp erln t T issues, w ill be subnlttcd for h isto lo g ica l evaluation. The cduncr c ia lly a v a ila b le (impure) 2 ,4 ,3 trich lorop h en oxyscctlc a d d Iso-octyl^ ester w ill be separated Into i t s suspected fiv e or nore fraction s by-thin-layer g e l electro p h o resis. This conpound w ill be obtained iron Thospson-Keyword Chemical Conpany. m I .. . ^ DEC0C19(W-  y 120907 2 1.12*63 Tb utmle found nd tlw Individual fraction w i l l then b tcCd fo r th o lr cblorscnegMle properties by dlluttng them In actone and painting them on the i , . e. slmven scalp s o f ra b b its In three d ivid ed d o ses. Total doses o f 1 mg, 10 mg, and rlo o ag w i l l be used fo r oeh compound on eh o f a l x rab b its. AJ1 s ix .r a b b its . in sob croup w ill have the follow in g la b . t e s t s - SCOT, SCPT, BSPt U p as, M p lu ! but, sugar, VBC, Met, Hgb and d if f e r e n t ia l blood cou n ts. U rin e-w ill bo c o lle cte d for a n a ly sis o f prophyrlns. On three o f the s i x s n ln a ls In each group liv e r b io p sie s w ill bo performed on the 1s t , 8 th , ISth and 22nd days o f ad m in istration . ** . ` The blood t e s t s , urinary porphyrins snd liv e r b io p sie s w ill be done before adm inistration o f the coe^ounds as w ell as on 10 co n tro ls. Example Pose 1 Dose 2 Dose 3 Control Blood T ests Urinary Porphyrins 3 3 33 Blood T ests Liver B iopsies 33 3S I t Is a n ticip ated th a t 23 animals w i l l be used fo r each compound. / '-?sTwv-: V d ^ : V i - - ` > C ' ,. . :. : .. . "- t j . .. * I V ; I. ' 0i i.tt.u /n V /e/^r d?. llftlnaWenm. ^ T k U t * i-- n l r i ' V t i f ^ i * ,4 ,3 Trlchlorophcnoxyacetie el4. I, I A i * '- j , U k kM uiek . 4. Vkat i t t b i l f t b l a t f o r sev era l years 2 ,4 ,3 t r ic h lorophanoxyacetic a c id (2,,fO jT 4M W used as a h erb icid e In la rc a q u a n titie s . Thera have been natty reporta o f Q .* CO poeple developing ehloraena and oth er rep orts o f seriou s liv e r damage secondary t o O 1V ic d d c a ta l overexposure to t h is compound in Industry. In 19(4 Dr. Coerce Lawton p artially evaluated th e e f f e c t s o f the coemcrcial 2 ,4 ,ST and found i t t o be a potent cUeracneccn s s w e ll s s a potant hepatotoxln. In 1937 a Cai derm atologist Dr. 2 ttsfa lg , pubi!shed a paper sta tin e th a t th to x ie a ffa ets vare not due t o 2,4,ST , bt probably due to contaminant produced in i t a - namifa ctu r e . As y e t no one baa separated out th e contaminant, but i t i s thought to ba 2 ,3 ,7 ,8 tatrachlorodibento-p 3 dioxin. This compound was found by Jones and Krlxck to be the most potant chlbracnacc producing ehloraena in doses o f 1 microgram. l i a i a i g found i t hepato to x ic * a dog a fte r an o ra l dose o f on ly SO mlcrograms. This compound i s probably present I* ; *he cocsaerclal 2 , 4 , ST in very sm all amounts, estim ated a t O.OlT. The probl ?"'*s is to. id e n tify th e t o x ic compound .'or compounds in contaerclal 2,4,ST by e lectro *r*:lc separation, b io lo g ic t a s t in e and determ ination o f th e ir UV absorption speetr * * ^published data. '* J. and Schuls, K.H.* Occupational Acne Caused by Aromatic Cyclic Ethers. 2*ialoalca it 540-46, 1957. ," */ ' * . C.iiT and -Krixck, HJ4* A Technic for Testing Acr.egcnie Potency in Rabbits^ . * invest. Derm. 2* 511-"17962. Jp.'t-'* **i*+t /)e//**, ** 1.2i'-7t1.,^ ^96 36 jdSR 00 'r~r- o Ml V0 h tO- M2 S CD t* n;- O r.", oft o A oo o h3 is 55 f to to to =#= tUo1 OJ al "I **? v' oo V > .i 1 1 . v j- r i- Y 4- 1 ; \* .... ^ -a - ` a **- ' * , lp r lM lt Tte karUti4i 2,4,ST U produca* -- Idaly m i i In " * (Un ni imrl h i m ( lltuu k m vacuit* Crea m tut lek tki ... . , K t k i t e n ie conpound l a noe 2 .4 .3 T . kat m m c o n f in a n e ,' (k m d w ;1 ooateacteriag procace a i |k t W le trod In m m vay to allattiate eh# v* v . -, * ; ! I, frega4 Netted of"Attack Tte eomarctally milibli 2,4,ST ili te M piMl oliC tT O ftettlI In to i t a parata components, nd aaek conpi-------------------- * IO natte Cor I ta acnegaulc and llv a r dmagltvg a f f e c t by p alatin a l e onto t t e oleina t e r a te le a . Sten b lo p sla a , blood, l t r o r fu n ction t e a t s , caca fo r urinary poi p ip r l^ llv a r b lo p sla a , a u to p s ie s , h isto lo g y and. e le c tr o n ni erocopy o l i i t e dona. 'An * available aaoynt o f 2 ,3 ,7 ,8 tctrachloroditenzorp-dloxln 111 a lto t e toatad ora lly an dogs, afag a l l th e above m o tio n e d t a s t a . Tbe ctendatxy o f t t e 111 t e d e te ta ln te fey t t e l r 5-V and Infra-red absorption*-apacera. 7 . Balatiooslvlp t o o t t e r Organira elo n st None 8. Spoetai Eqq!paone ncedadt Col Electrophoresis apparaCus 8 421.50 International Cenerifuga 1030.00 Cola 30.00 Aniaala Natcrial for blood eeata ` 600.00 200.00 No additional poraonnol needed.t I 9. Duration 8 nonths 1 .year. i a' 1 10. l a t i n#e rb. 1. 1965 i J^ * * `t . * . V 11. Eetlasted Coat* . . X of ttm . . David Crock. NJD. X f* 30X Narteo Koy, M.D. ' Karl iotei. N.8. /, f * 10X 201 *.E. Kupol. A YJ/ 10X P a m Pero i nf 30X Diachenicry Technician 'ci-s X .ilf - *.40X _ Equipment and Supplita 52,200 12. Project leader* Dr. Dvfd M. Croth 11 1 V v u t m nouc<f AJLMJllJL* ... \ # b M U to tort There htw ktm neay reports ( people UntM Ml ocher reports of serious liver dM Meoaliry Co eceldcatal .i m w|BooTQ to this coopound la Industry* Zb 1963 Dr* George Laetpa* partially asatoatad the offocts of the eoanorelal 2,4,3T and ( m l it to bo a potent chtoracaetea ao wall oo a potaaC hepatotoxla, Za 1937 a Genoa dernetoleglst, V Dr* KfefalS2 , publlahod a paper s ta tin g Chat cho Coxie a ffa e ta vara aoC 1m * - - l^ S T f - b e t probably-duaLto sons, coateainsae produced la lea soaufacture* i oo ooa haa separated ou t th e coataadaaat, but i t la thought to be 1 . 1 . iJL. tatraeKioratl^bcnio-o-dlox^a. Zhls coBpound uaa found by Joaaa a f f t o u S * t o be* ^ the ooee potent chloracaagaa known, produciag chioracne l a dosaa o f 1 ,0 1c . l l a fid found l e hapacotoxlc l a a doe a f t e r aa o r a l doaa o f only 30 o icro ZUa compaunl la probably present l a th e censer d a l 2 ,4 ,5T la vary a s a ll estimated a t 0*011* The problao thaa la t o Id e n tify the to x ic coapound o pounda In c o o a e r d a l 2 , 4 , 5T b y'electro p h o reele sep a ra tio n , b io lo g ic t e s t i deterntoatlon o f th eir 0-V absorption spectra P 38 s 0 th i MX5UMD, Michigan Mrcli 10, 19oS oow c h im ic a l com pany F. M. Rilay, Special Chemicals Sal, ARB J. C. Tucker, Industrial Ch*lcala Salta, ARB R. N. Salley, International Sale, ARB J. W. Karri, Chemical Sale, ARB L. B. Orant, Salea Adalniatratlon, 47 Building N. V. Felnauer, Chemioala Department, ARB C. 0. Kutchenreuther, Org. Chea. Prod. Dept., 858 Building I . C. SUehling, Organic Chem. Product Dept., 172 Building F. C. Aaatuts, Heroicid Section, 441 Building C. B. Otla, Bloprodueta Department, Bloproducta Center V. P. Falaey, Bloprodueta Department, Bloproducta Center B. Y. Hanaen, Bloprodueta Sale, Bloprodueta Center O. E. Lynn, Bloproducta Department, Bloprodueta Canter R. C. Hoff, Chem. Prod. Qual. Service, 172 Building* V. N. 0111, Bloproducta Department, Bloproducta Center W. J. McCoy, Bloproducta Sale, Bloproducta Center M. 0. Vlltae, Bloproducta Department, Bloprodueta Center J. D. Doedena, Chemical Department, ARB D. B. Pletcher, Bloproducta Department, Bloproducta Center K. C. Barron, Bloprodueta Department, Bloprodueta Canter V. L. Corbin, Bloprodueta Sale, Bloproducta Center Jtr-ftr-Heyle, Biochemical Reaeareh Laboratory, 1701 Building 3L. K. RottedBlochamlcal Reaeareh Laboratory, 1701 Building HAZARDOF MONSANTOT ACID Rabbit ear teats on twelve lota of Monaanto 2,4,5 T acid have shown moderate to aevere response in eight eases at ten per cent concentration in ethanol. Thla confirms VPC enalyala for 2,3,7,8tetraehlorodlbenzodloxln which was found In concentrations averaging about 10 ppm. This material presents a definite hazard which would require all the precautions used in 199 Building and 349 Building to prevent injury, If it la proceaoed at 2o7 Building. Dow's involvement in shipping thla material to Rlverdale and Woodbury also coneems me. There la a definite risk to their employees, especially since they are probably unaware of the problem and are probably taking no precautions.* There is no aaauranee that their final products will be free of contamination. The available evidence points to the opposite. Xn my opinion their products should not be sold until animal tests show these products to be free of a significant hazard frrm *.h ter-'ieM'rr'rditeftZcdlexlr. sr.d related materials. "4 to CO i t DO CHEMICAL CORP !DC*f *" iv/--'** T H DOW CH EM ICA L COM P A . - / NEDLAMD, Michigan JN roh 2 9 , 1965 K. Rom* loohaalca> / R vsM rcn L ab o rato ry fin co i V. I . R iley I. I. teiloy L. C. 0B.. O rant Rutchenreuthar F. 0. Am tuts W. r . F o io o y 0 . B. Lynn V. B. N0..0M1l1l1ta* D. B. P leto h er V . L . C orbin B. 0 . Iria n 3 . B. P o taraon J . C . Tuclcar J . H. K arri* H . M. F * l n a u * r 8 . C. S U a h llo i C. B. O tis K. T. Bana*n R. C. H off W. J . MoCoy 3 . D. Dod*n* K. C. B arron* H. R. Royl* B . B . R o l d a r , M.D 8 . B . Sodale REPORT OH THX CHLORACNE PRCBISI MEETIMO ON 3 / * * / 6 5 P ra a a n ti D r. 3 . W ilkenfeld and N r. Raynond V erhoexe, H ooker C h e n le a l C o rp o ra tio n N r. P ran o la Kennedy and D r. Rd C h a n d la r, D lan o n d A l k a l i Company N r. C. b . Dunn and D r. John P . Fr*M l*y, H * rc u l* a P o ad ar C onpany T . K . r a e a p p a d t h e Dow a l t u a t l o n I n t a n a a o f t h a p r o b l e n and th a i n i t i a l a tu d laa by T oxicology and E n v lro raw n tal R a a a a r a h L a b o r a to r y r e g a r d i n g t h a i n - p l a n t a l t u a t l o n . H* expanded th la In gen eral ta ta a to th a study of and p ro d u o ta, o u r s a n d o t h e r p e o p l e s . Ha n a d e r e f e r e n c e t o a y a B a a tr lo a l ta tr a c h ^ o ro -p -d lb a n a n f la r tn . Ha r e f e r r e d to th e e v id e n c e 1 f o r unknown se n eg e n i. T here w ere son* q u ea tio n a froai th e g r o u p a b o u t t h e u nknoam a. We (Dqm) w e r e n o t a b l e t o a n s w e r th ee* q u eatio n a except to review th e evidence f o r t h e ir e x is te n c e in th e preceae aaaiples and end p ro d u c ts. CONHOBC.M SUSJtCT TO l;,V::aiON D C, Eft. AX /-4-7j DOV/( ; pa AG2EEMCNI 9-79 H71 1 } I t I ( T5P8EXCU V . K . Rom - a- M arch 29, 196* Dr* H olier reviewed the nodical o lio o f tho Dow experlenoej ho o a li th at mo now have approximately 60 to JO oaeoo o f indlvlduala with ohloraona ranging fro* two aovoro eaaoa to io m vary a lM eaaoa th a t ware d i f f i c u l t to dlagnoae. Ha allowed a lld ea o f the nora draaatla eaaaa. th e olld ea war exclu sively views o f the faaaa of the Individuals a fflic ted Ha deacrlbed In f a i r d e t a il the appearanae o f the In d iv i duals Mentioning the blaekhaads s p e o lf lo a lly . Ha than reviewed the o l i n l s a l stu d ie s th a t are being wade on th ese people w ith emphasis an tb s liv e r fu n ction t e s t s . He Men tioned the a lib le l iv e r biopsy th at has been taken and studied In whleh tho liv e r wes nornal elthough the sen hed a rather pronounced ease o f ehloraone. Dr. Holder a ls o Mentioned the incidence o f fa tig u e among the a f f lic t e d people as being the only other sig n ifica n t finding In these fo lk s. He touched b r ie f ly on treatnont in d ic a tin g th a t various to p ic a l tr e stn e n ts ware not p a r tic u la r ly e f f e c t iv e . He described the c y c lin g or t h is d isord er in in d ivid u als who had been com pletely removed fron exposure. He Mentioned th a t sane fello w s ere approaching tho end o f th e ir trouble two or two and on e-h alf years a f te r onset o f the sk in d i s order. He a ls o described "acute ehloraone" which i s an acute inflanaatory condition that appears considerably sooner than the nornal chloraene in in d iv id u a ls and appears a f te r pro nounced s in g le exposure. The acute chloraene shows up w ith in a few days o f exposure. Dr. Holder Mentioned f iv e to e ig h t days s p e c if ic a lly , th ere was considerable d iscu ssio n by the group on the skin disord er I t s e l f . The Hooker rep resen ta tiv es related experience o f skin condition th irty years a fte r expo su re. T heir cases wsre wore sim ila r to the Dowlolde bunps which Dow has experienced in that there were large b o lls or large bunps rather than the M ultitude o f s n a il blackheads and eruptions which Dow i s seein g in the current c a s e s . Dr. gadek showed s lid e s o f ears and liv e r s o f rabbits th at had been exposed to the syn n etrleal tetraehloro-p-dibenxodloxln. He discu ssed the pathology In d e t a il which X w ill not a tten p t to suenarlxo. V. K. Mentioned the stu d ies In which the rabbit ears have been treated with 1CBD In benzene or corn o i l and than washed with soap and water a t various tin e In terv a ls la t e r . It exposure occurs fo r very long, washing does l i t t l e good: He a ls o b r ie fly Mentioned the o ra l stu d ie s but without d e t a il. S ilv e r s ta in described the plant study on washing o f contamination from to o ls and su rfa ces. This study Indicated that benzene, acetone and Chlorothene MU were e ff e c tiv e In renoving the contaminant fron to o ls and a la o that detergent and water with acrubblng a c tio n could clean up to o ls and equipment. Sum d iscu ssio n ensued on the use o'to 0001V72 DOV02996O  . t . Rom* 3 March 29, 1965 o f d t t t r t m t and n t u and tha point was M di a(a In th a t strong scrubbing ao tlo n was necessary fo r thla approaoh t o bo auooaaafiil. Harold 0 111 than dlaouaaod tbs a n a ly sis fo r te tr a c h lo r o -p dlbensodloxln by vapor phaas chromatography. Ha lla ta d tha H a lt o f a a n sitlv ltjr on varloua proeaaa oator la l a . Ha mentioned tha o i l whleh ho doflnod as a non-aaponlflablo mixture o f ohloro s n la o lo s , totraohlorobonxano and t r l ehlorobenseoaj tho H a lt o f s e n s it iv it y f o r fCBD In th la ao tor i a l i s 10 pus, lh e H a lt I s 1 ppa fo r 2 .t . - t r lc h lo r a r phanol, and tor M . M Aold. a lth a r a o otlo or propionio. t n i r then ilal liia l l l j i I I i oi ) d ls e s r n lb ls psak. Ha nan* tlonad th at ho n ig h t s s tla a to 0 .9 PP* in seas Instan ces but t o bo oonsorvatlvs th s an alyst roporta <1 ppa I f tha poak doos not asaauro op to th s q u its Id e n tifia b le l s v s l o f 1 ppa. ho a n a ly tlo a l probloa has not yot been-solved fo r tha -Aold os to r s . Iho gonsral prooaduro ussd fo r tho T-Aclds la to e x tr a c t th s saap ls (a r b itr a r ily about 20 grams) w ith ehlorofora (about 0O m i l l i l i t e r s ) , f i l t e r ths oh lo ro fo m t o rsaovo s o lid s and uaah with an equal voluaa o f H/10 oaustla to roaovo any aold lo a a ts r la ls . ho ehlorofora oxtraot then I s eenosntratsd by evaporation to on e-ten th the original volunsi thus, the eonoentratlon of the dioxin In tha ehlorofora w ill be ten tla e s higher than In tho o r ig in a l sample. When the a n alyels I s eondueted on t r l ehlorophonol, the a a t e r la l Is d isso lv ed In H/l ea u etlo to the ex ten t o f 100, and t h is so lu tio n I s then extreoted with the ehlorofora and handled ae Indicated a b o.*. A question was asked about the u t il i s a t i o n o f d eteo to rs . other than the fla a e Ionisation whleh la sp e c ifie d In the A nalytical Laboratory write-up for thla a n a ly sis. 0111 has not tria d the a lero eouloaetrle d eteetor beoauae ho la not a ct up to do so , but he has experlaentad w ith ele c tr o n capture. He stated that th e o r e tic a lly t h is u n it should not provide any greater Increase In s e n s it iv it y . Zn a c tu a lity he found a a lig h t lnorease In s e n s it iv i t y but there are uaually too aany chlorinated sp ecies present which any saturate the electron capture s e l l whose recovery la too slow to be o f p ra etlea l use. He auxnarlsed by say ing that the a lig h t Increase In s e n s it iv it y i s not Worth the e ff o r t to switch from flaws Io n isa tio n to e le c tr o n eapture. A question was asked about how the e x tr a e tlo n la perfum ed. 0111 s U te d that I t la performed in a wide south b o ttle on a shaker fo r one hour. ( I t was not men tion ed , but I t Is the ease that th la la dona a t roan tn p tn U ir .) Mntlono* that iplktd l u p l t i have b u n <Q5 >29961 K. . >* - I- fkrch 29. 106 run t h is m y and the recovery ranged from $0 to 100 pm c e n t. tlM r a tio o f a d v e n t to tha m t a r la l being extm dad on. thin atop la not o r itio a l according to 0111. Their standard procedure la 20 gram o f aaapla and 20 m l l l l l t a r s ' o f o h lorofom . On trleh lerep h en cl oaaplaa s p e c if ic a lly , 20 gram oT phenol la eonvartad to J a n a ta -- about 10 p ercen t aoneantratlon In watar. 11m phanata a o lu tlo o la extradmd with 20 n l l l l l l t a r a o f oh lorofom In a aln gla ex tr a c tio n Iha ohlorofom la than oonoontratod ao that tha ooneentmtion. o f tha dioxin w ill ba tan tlm a th at In tha o r ig in a l am ple. The q u estion o f v o l a t i l i t y o f d ioxin earn up and Harold d i l l stated th at ha found ha aand i a t i l l o-dlehlorobanxana a n y fro* tetraehlorobenxodioxin. la aald that in hla oplrita tha aaorat waa t o avoid d i a t l l li n g to drynoaa. A m nbar o f tha group asked i f aaaploa o f atandard TCBDwaro a v a ila b lo . Tha anawar waa yaa and 100 mg aanplaa wereyro~ vidod to ona o f tha rapraaontativaa from aaoh eonpany. ( 1 aaapla had pravloualy bean given to Dr. R ally o f MonaartD.) A question o f laboratory s a fe ty in tha a n a ly tic a l work anna up and tha baaio praoaution o f wearing v in y l glovaa waa mentioned. X nfcm atlon r a la tlv a to tha glovaa. wa uaod waa provided to the group. Diapoaal o f contaminated laboratory n a te rla la and plant n e ter la la n a dlaeuaaed. tie mentioned that Dow buraa mm a a a ll anounte o f m a te . Harold 0111 etated that hia l i b oratory atudy o f eoabuatlon ahowod th at 9996 par cent o f the dioxin aample m a burned a t 8oo*C. He deeorlbed e y we f e l t th at our praetloe o f burning a a a ll amounta o f dioxin m a a aafe ona. . R. then ou tlin ed tha project in which plant aaapleaand predueta (not mentioned by name) were apiked with known amounta or the TCBD. The apiked aaaplea were a p ilt fo r th o purpoae or checking our a n a ly tic a l proeedurea fo r reecaary and c o r re la tin g theaa reaulta with tha blo-aaaay methoA- Ihe question of sp ecification , quality control apeclfhmtlon that i s , m a ralaed and we were aaked i f we could g lv e lo v e la o f d ioxin contamination which were permlaalble 1 1 m lto. T. R. mentioned that a t preaant wc are using aero w it h e confidence o f 1 ppm in process samples. Thera waa acm d iscu ssio n on the problem o f customers using fin ish ed p g . ducts under fa r le s s d esirab le conditions o f health control than wa can provide our workmen in our own p la n t. Them d to be agreement among the group that we could rat afford to s e l l contaminated products. 29962 V. K. Jaok M nta ranci o f t* %o tti Both wltl baili nua>t anlm trn toxlc Uwn 1 o1f1(p1 than roap In (i fna ff lrr< no r> wlth out pup thla a aa tlM ooou Ci Dwr ara air of r aatl aaot tha Tha Toxi an daa< Blcx 170 3^ V. K. Rom* 5 March 89 Jack f*tarson fehso discussed feho data fro animal s x p s r la m ta Ming purs ayaaaferloal feeferachlorobonsodloxln. Doaaa n t e l n i fro 8 parfea par b illio n to 1000 p arts par 11 lio n o f feaferaehlorobansodloxin in bonaano had been adniniafearad t o feha rabbit aar. Doaafa in noafe oaaaa was 0 .1 1 par dap. Both s in g le and aulfelpla axpoauraa have baan afeudiad and m u ltip le axpoauraa adniniafearad on a f iv * days par waak baal a . Tha s ig n if ic a n t fa cto r s in feha study ara d ose, feha nunbar o f a p p lica tio n s and feha daya on axpoauro o f feha a n ia a la . Tha raapouaa whloh ia raporfead in feha groaa ob se rv a tio n o f th* aomdlfelon or tha r a b b it'a aar by tha feoxiaologlsfea. M i doaa not inoluda pathological fin d in gs fehara ia not enough data in t h is araa to diaouaa. Tha la v a l o f raaponaa rangaa fro nona through vary alig h t alig h t a lig h t to nodarafea moderate. odsrafea to aavara sever*, and axferanaly aavara. Jaok in d icated fee feha group th a t fehara ia not a aharp dafinifeion bafeuaan fehasa c a te g o r ie s o f raaponaa and indie*tad alao th at fehara la aoaa d i f f i c u l t y i a graphing th la type o f raaponaa. Ra daaaribad feha raaponaa fro a ln gla applioafeiona feo feha rabbit aar f i r s t i afe 100 parfea par i l l l o n fehara as a aavara raaponaa in aighfe days) afe feO parfea par i l l l o n fehara uaa a a lig h t raaponaa in alavan dayai afe 80 10 7 and fe parfea par i l l l o n fehara was no raaponaa. lh asa feasfea war* run on a ln gla rabbit* and w ithout washing feha n o ta r ia l o f f . Jaek than diaousaad feha ulfeipla a p p lica tio n data which ha took fro h is major graph o f t h is d ata. Tha Important point* th at ha ad* fro t h is data war* f i r s t that afe feha H a lt o f VK s e n s it iv i t y a aavara raaponaa any b* produced. In other words avan i f tha TK does not d e tec t TCBD, an aninal raaponaa ay s t i l l oeeur. His saeond Important point waa th at feha lnduofelon period fo r raaponaa averaged about tan days on the animals in feha s tu d ie s . Thar* was a brief discussion than about feha air sanplas that war* taken in feha plant. Silverstain awntlonad that cost* air aaaples have shown activity on the anlnals. The dagraa of raaponaa is slight and tha nunbar* of sanplas fehafe show activity is snail out of feha total nunbar taken and feha amount of air that nusfe b* sanplad is very much larger than feha amount a nan normally braathes in an eight hour day. Tha anatlng was adjourned. Tha group than proceeded feo tha Toxicology Laboratory to view soas of tha test anlMls. They ware shown responses of varying intensity and these were described. This dcstonstratlon appeared feo hava considerable V '/ sA Biochemical Research Laboratory 1701 Building U)S:sJl D29963 . K. How* - 6- Htroh 89, 1965 x foatMrlpt A ll participant M a r t to appratiate a ll tha problen and a l l lndleatad that they M id re ta in bona and a tta o n t to aanvlnaa thalr nanageneat ta la tita ta aafaty apcelfleatlena (r e a lly q u a lity entrai) fa r Hair arietta ereditata in th ia a rea . A ll aaraad th a t the Induaby abeuld neat i t a awn r a a p e n a ib lllty . A ll moro nr a y f m w n a f Dow'a e ff o r t ta ataar then away fran a d a h i f < Iti w ill t a l l whether wc aeeenpllahed ear w lsalon , i l l t a o f new I f a a l a a tla fia d w ith aur a f fa r t and tha raeaptlan i t noalvad. m 1 --- T H E E ?O W -- G H 2 - M I C A L OMPA-NT- April 1, 1965 DOW 1 5G8552 Dow Chemical International S.A. Beethovenstrasse 32 8002 Zurich, Switzerland Attention Mr. Peter Koopmann Manager Bio-Products Sales Dear Peter.: I am enclosing a copy of a letter covering the trans mittal 6f the completed contract and financial settle ment to C. H. Boehringer Sohn. Our agreement with them calls for payment of\ to them at such time that we are satisfied that we have solved o u t chloracne problem, whether we use their know-how or not. It is our judgement in Production and Research that we have reached such a point. Paying them at this time will be a signal to them that we are no longer in trouble. I have been informed that my choice of words in answering Dr. Doll's letter did not set well with you. I hope that you will accept my`personal apology on this. My intent was to emphasize the secrecy agreement as an obvious reason for your lack of in formation. Let us hope that the entire incident may dissolve away as new problems and business opportunities command our and their att< Best personal regards, Walter B. Trapp Benzene Research Laboratory 474 Building mak A X G 0077(19 FED J5 Dia. D^. 0 DOLL C H corraINGER SCHN INGEL -KS4M-AM-RHE IH--- : :V." ST GERMANY ~; V1A_RCA REGARDJNG YOUR DISCUSSION WITH KOOPMANN WE REGRET THAT HE WAS NOT fR ro E vw PO c .O' . .:m AWARE EITHER OF THE SERIOUSNESS OF OUR HEALTH PROBLEM OR OF THE ! CONSIDERADLE HELP THAT ALL OF YOU AT BOZHRINGER HAVE BEEN TO US. WE HAVE RESTRICTED COMMUNICATION ON THIS WITHIN OUR COMPANY BECAUSE OF OUR SECRECY AGREEMENT AND BECAUSE OF THIS KOOPMANN WAS NOT FULLY U` CJT cr. oe ..vl. cn "C INFORMED. WE ARE ANXIOUS TO RECEIVE THE CONTRACT FROM YOU AND ARE ,;A PLEASED TO LEARN THAT IT IS READY. WE ARE MOVING AHEAD WITH 'SOLUTION J OF OUR PROBLEM AND ARE ANXIOUS TO COMPLETE OBLIGATION TO YOU. . . -q TH E DOW CHEM ICAL CO M PAN Y N X fO<* C J M MMIIO m UXA. tt/M C-, FILE COPY OATt LETTER OF CONFIRMATION WILL FOLLOW. CORDIALLYX, walte^t T rappJ ^ k7k AL *Hw D O W C H E M I C A L C O M P A N Y . *. <4MetviU I/C CONFIDENTIAL Disclosure Restricted Pursuant To Court Order. "Agent Orange" Product Liability. Litigation, M D L N o . 3 8 1 $0? ,, - ---- . ft , 1*5 s u NtalholUad M u tfar Bloproducts I n Chemical of Canada Carola. Canada DOW CONFIDENTIAL DOW 747096 ,1,5-TXXCBLOltOrEaiOL, TBS *T" ACIDS, AID ASSOCIATO AClUOfXS Z hato oot Won neglecting your request for information to uno in dlseusslng tbo subject probi* with Naugatuck and tbo Co-Op. Z Caro Won stymied, h o rro r, Weauao tbo analytical notboda haTt boon changed and aro in tbo proeoaa of Wins eloarod and reproduced. Z ozpoet tbon any da7, but rntbor tbaa alt longer, Z thought Z abouid advise you of tba situation. Z i l i sond fon ooploa of tboao notboda aa soon as tW y WooaM available. Za regard to tbo oror a il problen, no aro attempting to do mvsrythlag possible to avoid tba possibl* oeeurraneo of shlor- aono la any applleationa involving tbo baadlinc or uno of t r i * ehleropWnol, triebloropbonoxjseotio seld and ita derivatives. As 70U noli know, no bad a aorlous situation in our operating pianta Weauao of eontaalnatlon of 2,b ,5-trlehloropWnol nitb lapuritles, tbo nost setivo of bieb is 2,3,7,8-tetraeh lo ro - dlWnsodlozln. Ibis notarial la exceptionally toxics i t bas a tronondous potential for producing ebloraeno and sjatele in* Jury. Zf it is present in the triebloropbenol, i t 111 W oarried through into tW T aeld and into t w storm and bones into formulations nhleh aro to w sold to tW pubiio . On* of tW things bleb 0 ant to avoid is t w oeeurraneo of any acne in eonsunars. Z an particularly eoneeraed hero vith per sona ho aro using t w notarial on a d aily, repeated basis sueh as euston operators nay use i t . Zf this should oeeur, the bolo *#t5-T Industry i l l W bit and Z would expect restrictive legislation , either Wrrlng the notarial or putting very rigid oontrols upon i t . This is t w main reason why no are so son- earned that wo olean up our own house from within, ratW r than having someone from without do i t fo r us. Za this nay, wo eaa approach tW ptoblen in aa orderly manner. Zf tW producers and handlers of this notarial w ill cooperate, tW re is no reason why we cannot get this problem under s tr ie t control and tWroby hopefully avoid restrictive legislations in otW r words, lot us preetlee good eltlseashlp. At the present time, wo are of t w opinion that material containing no totreehlorodlWnxo- dioxin with a certainty o f . l ppa does not present aa appreci able hasard to consumeres likewise, wo do not W llevo that ouch material constitutes a significant hasard to persons working in r oonw CONFIDENTIAL 1. Nalholland -8- A m 2, 1965 I I p'amts handling such phenol, T acid, or T tcU ter. Z sight add that we are continuing our roaoarehts on thio particular probi* fro m the standpoint of studying tbo other lopurltl** which say have th* capacity to produce this typo of roaetlon. Also, wo are atteeptlng to quantltato tho of* foots of tho known acnegena when added to baso storiala. This work is progressing well, but it will bo severs! oaths before so have a eooplotod story. X would urge again that if your big customers such as Co-Op and laugatuck have particular questions about this probi* that you invito then to eo* to Midland where w* will bo glad to dlseuss the attor in detail with tho and show the what we have learned. We are not In any way atteaptlng to hide our probi* under a heap of sand* but wo eortalnly do not want to have any situations arise which will cause tho regulatory agencies to becoe restrictive. Our prlaary ob jective is to avoid this. ^3 Z trust thst you will be very Judleloua in your use of this inforestion. It could he quite embarrassing if it era mis interpreted or alsuaed. I i I T. X. Mow* Biochemical Research laboratory 1701 Building I aa 6-2376 T O /3 d act L. Sllversteln I C. Otis trsdy Hsldeoan F. Aastuts 0. Ooergcn f 1. Boyle V. Falser f T. K. Rowe (2) T17.4-12-20 --- f Correspondence F .S . Qbder no elreuastanees way this letter bo reproduced. shown, or sent to anyone outside of Bow. TO \ 9 50 -5m... I r V O ifiC B Z M lC A L CORP. RQ ,001**020 1089 ciw T H E D O W C H E M I C A L C O M P A N Y M I D L A N D DIVISION October 21, 1965 W. C. T i m n These are the points that I m a d e in the presentation this morning to Ben and Max. "We spent considerable time yesterday with Bechtel reviewing their performance generally and specifically on the Trichlorophenol job. T h e y have gone back to the N e w Y o r k office and will have a review of their estimate on Trichlorophenol completed this Friday, in terms of a three to four months relief on the completion date. Bechtel sees the situation rapidly worsening with the m o s t problems likely to occur in 1966. Contracts with A F p L expire in M a y of 1966 and additional costs can be expected at that date. W e challenged Bechtel on their performance generally in the location and specifically on their estimate on this job. There w a s no great encouragement by Bechtel on a substantial reduction. W e believe their estimate is high and that there is a good possibility of building this plant for less than 1 and will m a k e an all out effort to do so but the board's decision should be based on the | ____ at this t ime. O u r engineering will be completed by D e c e m b e r 1. W e have spent \ n o w and are spending at the rate of\ per week. It is too late to m a k e design changes. Equipment is in route or too far advanced in fabrication to allow changes. W e are n o w scrutinizing not installing parts of the plant and yet have the capacity in the range of pounds. W e will cut back on the installation if the economics are favorable. I stressed to B e n the seriousness of one m o r e incident in the Trichloro phenol plant and the effect that this would have on our Division's one ration CONFIDENTIALgenerally and our over-all relations with the Union. Disclosure Restricted Pursuant To Couri Order. "Agent Orange" Product Liacii.ty Litigation, MOL No. 381 Procedure j _______ _ _ 009075 51 CD o W. C. -Timm 2 October 21, 1965 O O B e n specifically asked what effect the additional costs had on economics O of Trichlorophenol and also on 2, 4, 5 T. K e asked about the basis of CO the economics. H e asked forja_hisrory-cn-the-autho-rization-requeists----- O -- and the amounts that w e have asked for at various-times. H e asked h o w m u c h capital will be written off our books as a result of obsolating our old Trichlorophenol facilities. H e asked the effects on costs of this increased expenditure on both Trichlorophenol and 2, 4, 5 T. Harold Bosscher 90600 CONFIDENTIAL r Disclosure Restricted Pursuant To Court Order. "Agent Orange" Product Liao;i.ty Litigation, MDL No. 381 Procedure^. 52 e i> * > iH ()r r o* DONAroLMY a l o c r t m k l i o u a n w c . px o *! yBr*IM " and c i m u n i NwiLADlL^W'A 4 * M r . V. K. R o u e , Biochemical Research Laboratory 1701 Building. T h e Dov. C h e m i c a l C o n p a n v Midland. Michigan RECEIVED JUN 2 *' I9 L;- Kit. Lli. J u n f Z 2. 19 o b ao < ~vj en CD De a r V . K. : Now that I have c o ll e c te d the d e ta ile d d ata, it ib evident that the t e t r n c h l o r o d i b e n r o - p - d i o x m stu d y w a s by no m e a n s a tiny o r t r i v i a l a f f a i r . T h is otudy w a s s u p e r v i s e d by one of m y g r a d u a t e d e r m a t o l o g i s t s , ho kept giving m e a negative r e a d - o u t th ro u g h o u t the m any m o n th s of study. I p e rs o n a lly saw the su b jects in the la s t two gro u p s which re c e iv e d the highest d o ses. O The skeletal rep o rt I sent was further reduced from the very bony s u m m ation he gave m e . I w as hopeful that the re p o rt might be sire d to the signifi ca n c e of the r e s u l t s . I a lm o s t sen t you a l e t te r saying. "We did the w o r k you o r d e r e d a n d fo u n d n o t h i n g " . (I g u e s s t h e s e h a p p y d a y s a r e go n e). W h e r e v e r the su b je c t could not be follow ed for sue w e e k s owing to su d d en disch arg e, or to institutional decisions, detailed data a re deleted. 1 a m g rie v e d that so little has beer, le a rn e d , e sp e c ia lly since p ra c tic a lly the whole grant w as spent in la b o ra to ry work. This was a d iscouraging project. With every good wish. I rem ain Very sincerely your#. Z522BK* A fS V,i* %. M . -V-..T/, s fir tri&stwe3S-'e`-.'-V ll - A_M K a Enclosure DOW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL #15 o TET RACH LORODIDEN ZO - p dioxin Method The ubject w e re six s e p a r a te group* oi ten healthy adult m a le s. o O <1 cn CJ E ach group re c e iv e d a differen t total doe ranging fro m 0. 2-^j. to 8.0L^g, E a c h g ro u p w a* s t u d i e d in tw o p h a s e * , the f i r s t c o n s i s t e d of a s in g le dose: OT A fter a two-week re s t, the sa m e total dose w as given in equally divided doses. The test m aterial was dissolved m 50/50 chlorofo rm -alco h o l, the appropriate v o lu m e w as p la c e d in a g la s s c y lin d er and the solvent e v a p o ra te d in a s t r e a m of f l o w in g a i r . T h e s i t e w a * c o v e r e d by a 2 " g a u z e s q u a r e f o r t w e n t y - f o u r ho u rs. The daily rep eated doses w ere to the sam e skin site. The applications w e r e m a d e to the fo reh ead on half the subjects and to the m id -b a c k on the r e m a in ing half. One w eek after the single dose, and 3-4 days after the final daily dose, the following tests w ere done: CBC, BUN. SCOT. ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE, and m the second phase only. CREATINE CLEARANCE. The akin w as ex am in ed weekly for six w eeks afte r the last dose. At the end of e a c h p h a s e , the su b je c ts w e r e e x a m in e d by an in t e r n i s t for sig n s of s y s te m i c illness. Results The treated sites rem ained norm al during the applications end for els w e e k s t h e r e a f t e r . T h e re w as not the slightest evidence of acne, c ith e r on the forehead or the back. DCW CHEMICAL CORP _ ROLL #15 - 54 5& w: gp.. ZFgf.-yir.H7:v DOW 753-J4C TE T RACHEORODI BEN Z O - n -dioxin R e s u l t s . c o n l m u f d . . No subject developed sy m p to m s which could be related to the t r e a t ment. The laboratory values were unaffected. At th e d o s a g e l e v e l , th e t e s t a g e n t g a v e no e v i d e n c e of b e in g a c n e - igenic and was not harm ful to the subjects. Respectfully submitted. A M K /a Albert M. lOigman, M. D DCW CHEMICAL CORP ROLL #15 Z *L0 0H n, 4 "1 DOW 75157.] V A3H U --- O * ft v slSjilll-JiiJ* 3 jj jai f " s s " *5 !^ " .J" a : | 28* - 4; sl? s S.: a ? i 3 ** ^ ^|H2 8: li l|i!!llsif*|f|.ii-, lt-a.s jsa * .tr f : 3 ^ t IJ ili11S?2i5jiil3 N * ixi e~ j 2 2 "1 * s ? > S & 1 * J M . - 2 1_A - J -* J 6 # lfc 3 O . <g 4 J a 3 y -53 . ~ .-J - r4. is;:]*? ? s 5 2 b S - --. g o. 5c . V0 M w 2o ; s S ewr o* as K ^ s 2 a i - . 5$5 ? a - ]! - S a** ; in il C- o O *"* 2 ft1> 1 J n J .d 3S s2 ao fi> J3> a 2_ . 3w l ! {2 5 s - J 'fljeil - -2 S ^ y * ** m -S**** 3 *sie i. ?S3S o M m o o ik3 a .~ - Ii" iz * 3 aj C2 8 S i ! 1 * * * -r.J am*U i n c ;? J AU r 5 w * < > A i >` i*": .'. V \, TL* : V. Ir .-'".VVf. 'IV; sfr:-.- ;-u <.v.s:. V ` ..HVJ .*-.I v.; - t ' # r^-tSf Vr.nJ V W iv*, ''/fj&\: \t ].< . -HJ :.. *:jv*\.;. T-.w- :XJ\ V t . w r. *r&Vx?-* t l lii W\'. M* 44 ; * ifl.Vb7lw',7|f>* 'I, II * t. U -ft V * .* S* iy ,, Ulj J ti a * t>`o t`* * io i :i3Z C te 4 S 2 i% < f. l' .f / *y s * Sai?3- 3 ,, 5 . 8 2* 3 - * -o - a 3 f* H Xi 5 0 3 1 t * ,: 3 1 2 1 a 2 :a i s n | :.: ! Il !!H : : 3 s . . .\ i a t :^3aj:1* O' l i * i i H M i l l i i f l n ' J H l j ' I ' S| gil fil J a illi ! >so 8 5f^tM ai'- h 5 -J-^3 i <a VA U t * fl C " a u lllil S J Z -U XX i S i l i j C 3> ; S j l * . a i j : H S l I H i f l I i l i Ua l i l i - ' Z o nal S 5 O l y an- :v 'v...?.. dir. :-.s'&.:.?v M \"i r.Tk 1- 1 y "-.ri f' .y WitW-P V GO ^ 1/5 lO i S U" * U j*2M 2 j: 1 "'S c S 2~ J J M .** S 1 ^ -:12 s-* i2 il* 5 . " Siili- '- 1 . a 'f* & M9 i-O K .lli . .ti fii : 362 J 2 S. 8 s B * IJ Rj* il a <s-s5 sp* ae ms 2 .o -* * -o iiiU i lh 8 z 'V ,/** 'ITTriii i a-. * v". THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY MIDLAND, MICHIGAN February 3, 1967 : i i i To: cc: D. E. P ie t cher J . H . Gove 11 Tro: M. J. McCoy THOMPSON CHEMICAL COMPANY, S T . 1.0L1S , U t SSOl?. I Mr. M. S. Buckley ot Thompson Chemical phoned Howard She 1dor. February 2, irdii.atu: that L< believed they have a icvere cliloracr.i- pn..t)!c: with some of their employees. He indicated that they a iready have t.o en affected and believe that they nay Pivo two nore employees that appear to be aliecleO as sell. They are uslr.j Hooker's tot rath lorobcnzer,*- to make their trlchlorophenol. Buckley o s asking if Dow would have any reconnendat ions for Bed leal treatment for ih'ir employees. Me do not feel friendly toward this competitor as far as business relationships arc concerned hut believe that ar.y advice would be in order. I! you concur, he would appreciate a phone call and His number is Area Code 31't, J 5-5608. J* .r V 60 5\S THE DOW C H EM ICA L C O M P A N Y In* O&c ( tOO* Building Midland, Michigan Deceaber 10, 1 M * coNnce t.m .3jj;cato cik ^x>i g* **t0-,AL OQW, EfA AGftEEA'.BtT 0-TV I. I. Blair Manager of Research and Oavaloraaat Agricultural Department eei J. C. Hansen J. B. Johnson D. D. NoCollister B. B. Haaoala , V. B.Bobinaon v lsfcJg7 , 1 Tha following In a report of tha telephone call from Dr, Durgar of tba Offloa of flcianca and Technology, which you rafarrad to na. * Dr. Burgor told m that ha waa awaro of tha visit that ( Dr. Johnson had aada to Dr. DuBrldgo conearning tha 1,4,5-T problen. Dr. Burgar indicated that ha waa intaraatad in iaarnlng aore of tha dataila conearning tha teratologlcal taota which Dow waa going to conduct. Bo wanted to know tha atatua of tha teata. X told hia that tho rat atody would ba oonduotad firat and that tha rata ware on hand and being acollatatad. Tha breading would start on Daoaabar ISth, tha dosing of tho aniaala about aix days later, and tha fetuses would ba taken fron aninala saorifiead beginning tha weak of January 5th. X told bin that shortly afterwards oana gross observations would likaly bo available but that tha histopathologic examination of tha soft tissues and tha clearing of the fetuses for observation of skeletal dovelogonnt would taka savaral wore waaka. X also indioatad that a similar test would ba conducted with rabbits and that those could not ba started until soantisn in January, but that wa hoped that tha whole job could ba finished and reported in April. Dr. Burgar was intaraatad in soon of tha details of tha tests including tha nunber of aninala to ba used. X told hin that I would aalp our Hunan Health Laboratories to furnish hin with a sat of tha protocols. X called Dr. Robinson but ha is in Washington this weak. X did talk to Dr. Molello. Ha aaid that Dr. Robinson had tha proposed protocols with hin in anticipation of a visit 1 ^1. -s~\ C7? o T T At ___ ,, i os tbo National asslth Balance at Raleigh* Nor+*i __ Indianapolis la going to try to have Dr. Hobi ) yet in touch with an and hopstally coplat of tha protocol can bo nailad troai Naohington to Or. Burger. (Dr. Robinson oallad NS iatar in tha day and arrangements wars aiada to havo tha notarial typad In tha Nashington office and da11vorad to Or. Burger by nasaanyar.) Dr. Boryor also wanted to know about tha sanple which wo warn using. 1 told bin that tha aanpla had boon taken troai oar royaler plant production. that it had boon aaaayod by two chemical methods and a bio-assay nethod and tha results showed it neats oar specification of containing lass than 1 ppn of the aynnstrieal tatrachlorodibanao-para-diexin. Na also wanted to know who tha producers of 1,4,5-T wore. 1 tnld bin Dow, Monsanto, Barculas and Thonpson-Rayward. Na than remarked that tha aanpla which Bionetios used was fr m another aooroa and X said, yea, if it was tha sans as had bean described in tha original Bionetios report on carcinogensi since that saaple was fron Diaaond-hlkali, who la no longer in the business of manufacturing 2,4,5-T. Be wanted to know if there would be progress to report during the course of the experimentation and X told bin, Cs, there would, and be said they would vary such like to kept up-to-date on the progress of tha teats. X replied we would be glad to kaop his office inforand. Dr. Barger eeened noet cordial and interested. Be made no mention of the reguest tha BBC Teak force made to m to extend the tine beyond January 1, 1*70, for consideration of the petition proposing tolerances of 2,4,S-T. however, the nature end timing of hie ioguiry leada one to suspect he is "building a file", hopefully In support of tha reguest. Dr. Burgur's. address is as followsi Dr. Mward J. Burger Offioe of Science and Technology executive Office of the President Executive Office Building Bashington, D. C. 10504 J <30 to / 000870 < ( MU Oct Tc< Ser Tkl tt AC Uct M* teft < > V. Ck UC 11 co Aa a kc< _ ^ '* THE DOW C HEM ICAL C O M P A N Y 9008 Building Midland, Michigan December 10, 1969 E. H. Blair Manager of Research and Development Agricultural Oep.arur.cnt J. C. Hansen J. E. Johnson D. D. MeCollister R. E. Haegelc VB V? K. R o w e ^ O O * c-> CD CO CCtDOn se X vs Sft W O The following is a report of the telephone call fro.? Dr. Burger of the Office of Science and Technology, which you referred to ne. Dr. Burger told me that he was aware of the visit that Dr. Johnson had made to Dr. DuOridge concerning the 2,4,S-T problem. Dr. Burger indicated that he was interested in learning more of the details concerning th* terato- log ical tests which Dow was going to conduct. He wanted to know the status of the tests. I told him that the rae study would be conducted first and that the rats w e r e on hand and being acclimated. The breeding would start on December 15th, the dosing of the animals about six days later, and the fetuses would be taken from animals sacrificed beginning the week of January 9th. 1 told him that shortly afterwards some gross observations would likely be available but that the histopathologic examination of the soft tissues and the clearing of the fetuses for observation of skeletal development would take several more weeks. I also indicated that a similar test would be conducted with rabbits and that these could not be started until sometime in January, but that we hoped that the whole job could be finished and reported in April. Dr. Burger was interested in some of the details of the tests including v e number of animals to be used. I told hla that f woulc our Human Health Laboratories to furnish him with a se. %f the protocols. X called Dr. Robinson but he is in Washington this week. S did talk to Dr. Molello. He said that Dr. Robinsor. had the proposed protocols with him in anticipation of a visit i- ' W M V 6& (JD > J (. OCPAftTMCNT or h c a l t k d u c a t o *. a n o w c l p a n e July 9 , 1970 V u t lc iN Vacelos No. 190473 Mr. . . M cC olllstor I t a Dow Chastest Cnspaay Vose O ffic e I h 1704 Midland, Michigan 40440 Osar Ita. McColllsCart escara Co P esticida P e titio n Ho. 090475 proposing a tolaraaca o f 0 .2 ppa Cor n e g lig ib le eoslduos o f Cha barble d a silv a s oo apples, ro ars, prosas, re s asd s a b o re a o s . Ms acknowledge poor Lacear of Josa 29, 1970, In d icatin g analysas o f 4 loes o f s ilv a s producad by Tha Dow Chaslc a l Coapany la 1947, 1944 aod 1969 showod no detectable sommes (la s s than 0.1 ppa) o f 2 ,3 ,7 ,8-toerachlorodlbanxo-p-dlosln. S incerely yours, . Draw N. Babor, J r. D ivisio n o f Ragulaelons and P e titio n s Coneroi O fflc a o f CoaplLanca Bureau o f 9oods and VaseLedas cc: Pesticidas Regulacin Division, ARS, USD* Mit t> R E C E IV E D JUl 13 REGISTRATION DOW1 120083 1 *  . * ift.UM T M I D O W C H E M IC A L C O kiPA N Y t , KM M ***! */ m us r. M r< J. I | ir O ffleo of Ic lt t e t u d T tc h M lo o b M U l Otem f cba f n i U w t M e iH w Offie * ablacto, D.C. 2056 M a r I r . lereer: Mr. boarva lymm of m Hwyi y k u te U a of pour laqalrp sbout m t rossarcb n k m 2 ,1 ,3 -T , oooa to W l i l t U t H . V sppraclsea pr l a t t m t n i aro ploaaod to im d pou outllaaa of cba evo projaces tbat ara aov y l r n i i . Iba acudas la raes ara sebadulad co baca Cba vaak f PaeaoaT 15. I N I , and cba acudp la rabblcs w ill fa llo ia Jaauarp. 1W. ` X f 7 0 abould lib a Co ta^ulra abone asy pare o f olebar f tbasa pcaj aa t avellana, X v l l l ba | U i to dtscuaa cbao vlcb p e o . Va 111 approcla ta 0 7 s o n a s u aad sucfaatlaas cbac pon v a p bao o o o c o r a l e Iba projacta. ^ My v a llla c addraas aad talsphons aunbor ara as follaoa: b a n VaalCb laaaarch fc Poualoposat Laboracorlos bao Cbaaleal Cnpscy * baa 10 11--T r illa , Xodlaaa ibaaat 217-434-1521 b t . 021 Tbaab pac apala fav paor lacarosc la ib is pcoblao. .<* T H * DOW C H EM IC A L CO M PA N Y DOv*874|g5 n c r o c n r to r o c a ro t thatocoic m m or 2, 4, s - t z* n s u u n Ia e ro d u c tlo o A l l icaiy 1 4u 1|m 4 ce evaluec* eeraeofealclty ef th barbici* i,t,5*T le che rebblc bea MalalictrM rally tiriti Che perle* f arfaaefeaeala (*ay 4 threeph Itj lt ef geecadoe). A. te p a rl-- a n i Precet urat I. hpiriaeml Deal*e favaaCy eecura vtrtln feeale rabbie* vili be u*e* la Cbla iCMy, The Ity ef laaevlaaeloa vili be eoe*l*ere* *ay 0 f featacloo aa* orai aelalacracloa ef Cba ceapouot vili be*la ea *ey ( aa* ooeclaue Chroufh *ey 11 ef gaacacloa. vela* vili be ha*e* apoo cba tey 0 body valgbca aa* *n| lavala vili be *ececalaa* by a 4eae raca-fle*las acedy la pre*aeat rabbie*. Crepiti ef aaleala vili ha aa follavat la b b lt Pwpber 1 .4 .5>T (at/b s) 1 4501 - 4525 Caverei (T a b u le ) s 4524 - 4540 Dee* lavala v i l i be ta c e r- s 4541 - 4555 alo e* by p re lle !aery to* 4 4554 - 4570 ro a p e -fla tla t atutlaa la a lim i ce* M b e r e f rabbie*. t . Taae H acariai v i l i ba a c r ile * by The Dee Cbavleal Caap iay, oaapee* v i l i ba preparo* fo t orai la aa appropriace a h i*le . Coat t o 1* v i l i v a b la la . I o h I I ; H t m , rlrg la fam i* ilk la t rtk k lti t b u M ( r a T te Boa C h a a le a l C--M y , M lA U ai, H e h l* * i l i ka a te . l a k M t a 111 W l t e l r l t e a l l y Im m *4 l a f i t e r * la K iracfcaar M | i te c o t e l t t e n t e a a ln ta u a a f chr M ka p r l o r co . Aalaal v i l i k a * la ta la te a o m m i x I c I rakklc che ate t i r d im |lM t tka a o a lltiM la i a< ta a c la g fa rl 4 * . A ll aakklc i l i ka a r t lf le la lly lateaatte. Saaaa v i l i Va lU c e td kjr a m i a ( aa a r t if ic ia l n | t u ia4 C lU ttd te r ta a a a ia itla a vldk f k r * U U | l u l m I I m . O n la tla a 111 ka l a te caf Vy a a la ti 1 a t A t latriT taaua la ja c tlo a a f p ita lta ry lac c iaia ta f kiia aai* |l* a a ja a t f i l a r Ca ta a a a ia a tla a . C Ila i a l Okaaraatlaaa I f r tellgy 4. IaaalBatl tea 111 ka te rate telly terlat tka |aata* t ir a parlai far alM af ateaa Irut affate. Mataraci W 4 y altkca vili ka raaartef a gaacatlaa tey 0, A, 11 m 19. 1 . V a a t-te lla 7 1 aa u c lo a tey M , tea 111 ka k lllt e ky a rric c i H a la c a tla a a l fata 111 ka rvaeate ky aaaam a aatloa. Ac ckla Ciaa ah tee 111 ka scalate fa r canai a k a a n a lltla aa4 tea te lia te fa ta 111 ka a . Vw ieftaa a f fcsa ^1 taro co 03 L 6 n L & .o a V s m n u fo s n x c tbbt or n rm u u n Xa a t t lt lt a , a a * v U k li k it w ll ka lacwkatsd fa r t m t y f M k w n ta I t t i n l M H i r i n l ra ta . i. P a u l Kaaalaatlaa P s l l s w l a c ta lacukatlea parlad 1 1 faCuaaa 1 1 1 la tillad, aklaaal mmt atorad la 951 athaael. laafc (ati 111 ka * M k j M C a l Ca ( m i aad lew ( S Z ) a a * n l f l c a c l o a lacaral aaaaiaatloa, tkaa clsarad aal atalaad witk alisarla rad far haletal aaaalaaelea. Ilatopatfcolsflc u l acbar acudas 1 1 1 ka A s m aa ladlcatad. C . V w t la ta : fc . 117 , 1970 la a a l J. h it M K.A U f e r d C . a r k l* , B . f . lL C lla la la a Jm L. h u ra s , I.V .M ., Pk.D h a tk a ltflit ApprewaA ky: Vlr(ll I . Koklaaea, D.V.K., Pk.D. t a l , P a tt o U g y 4 T a s d a a la * y D a y t 69. ' r f>r. 1 . J'. u i . ' t r O '.lue of S rd Ti l l*.,v e C / M i e >ji t h e P r e * i d- r. t L\fr;:r Crj.ee J.mld.nc Wathmcton, D. C. 20il:fe A * p e r r c n f f e i r b h o . - . e d r e v e s t ' j n u . i n l v . I have urr.m ariaed t we d . i t a * e h a v e c i . ' l i r . i i t s l i . v - a I ; ( * v i a i v *! - . >, T , *t - t v i r a * h 1 s t o d ; b r n o * v * d ; > * m . I t . i > f m i *, t h e u . u . t v.:> r . n * .nd c . n n e . t p i g s i n t o ( A b l e * t h a t l b e l l ' * w i l l tJn rt bv i l i t m t c l M j . Y o u w ; l l r o t e th.-.t th e e d a ta e re developed d i f f e r e n t t i m e t an-J t h a t the t e h u l e s ted e r e not a l a y t r i v t l y the u m c , N e v e r t h e le s s . the d a ta t u e t l t<"*fc*(her. In so fa r 4 ra b b it* re co n c e rn e d , I do ru ! h.ive data f r o m w h ic h r e l i a b l e L D . - v a iu e c n n be d e r i v e d . T h e b e t t in f o r m a t i o n l t a n g ive yn i t ( h i t h e n 10 r a b b it s o f l i m e d te e w e r e le d J 2 ,,g /V .* o f the to a ic a n t a d m i n i s t e r e d a * a 0 . 0 0 1 s o l u t i o n i n 10 / ' 1 0 a c e t o n e c o r n o i l , i u o ( t h e m d i e d . D e a t h s o c c u r r e d u n *i..\ t 12, V i. 2 d . 0. )b a n d JO. th e O t h e r f o u r s u r v i v e d u n t i l s a t r i i i c e d *)7 d a y a f t e r f e e d i n g . t t r u s t t h a t t h e s e d a t a . I I s e r e %**.;/ p u r p o s e s . i r i n t , please le t m e Wnow. U 1 r a n be wf any S in c e re ly ,-u?s. mm DOMimBfT OF HEALTH BUCAT10N. AND M I M M N k m iy 10 1170 Midland, HIchlgM 40M0 Doer Or. flaw: Thank j n vary w k fo r yoar la tta r a f Fabmary C and tfw iwaltti of Infernotto yav Included. Ivary b it a f Infernotto as a f consideratila latarast ta aa. bat tha Oaw Analytical Hatted AM-M.11 which you Intended ta laclaba I 014 aat find In this la tta r. Flaasa sand I t ta aa at tha next apparta! ty. Tha data on tha ta a ld ty a f totrachlorodlbonzo dioxin ara quita astonishing and aoat Infam ativa fa r as ha bava novar asad this ( conpoend sa that a nay bo te tta r pr aparad ta tenda I t . Just non 1 mcalvad a phono call froa Dow Chantcal Coapany and tha problan af sblpnaat af tha dioxin appears ta te salvad. This should anobio ua ta pot tha aaxt sat a f exporlaonts under v n shortly. I also learned that a 111 have tha various 1,4-0 and 1,4,5-T asters available far our stadias at that tine. Thank you again fa r tha Infernotto and tha savias you aro aaklng available for us. Sincerely yours SQ9830M^a t h e DOW C H E M IC A L C O M P A N Y 900t MiMlnf Midland, Michigan Janaary 21, 1970 CONHDCNilAt. S-:.'CT TO JUNCTION O C , tJX IM. 4-4-70/ DO W , CPA AGHcEMENT 9-79 E. B. Blair 8. B. Brower N. B. Crunnatt J. 0. Parnanda* M. E. Getsendaner J. C. Banaan T. A. Bymas J . B . Johnon B. B. Lanin L. J. Llppia D. D. McColllatar Dr. Jullua Johnaon haa aakad that X coordinate and keep a record of all aanplaa of 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D and silvex (including derivatives) that are sanpled during tha currant aurge of terstologieal lntaraat to investigators aho wish to conduct their own teeta. Lou Lipple haa bean inatructad not to ralaaaa any aanplaa until ha haa cleared the* through aa. Lynn will arrange for aanplaa through Jin Fernandes. Jin will initiate all chemical aaaaya. Lynn will initiate bloaaaays. Me will not sand any aanplaa until wa are certain that they neat Dow opacifications. X have sat up a saaple record aystea that includes a record of identification, aaaaya, tha Methods used and the consignee. Ma would prefer to supply only two types of aanplaa i (1) cornsrclal aanplaa that seat Dow specifications, or (2) laboratory reference standards of very high purity. the laboratory reference standards will quite likely have to be specially synthesised, purified and analysed by several nathoda to establish identity and purity. Investigators should be asked to carefully calculate the anounta of the laboratory referenca standards (and their derivatives) needed for their tests. They will be United in supply, as they are difficult to prepare in quantity. Tha sample of 2,3,7,1-tetrachlorodibenso-p-dioxin is quite "iy miligram quantities are available. We will DOW028238 ^ I . I . B la ir a t a l -2 - January 21, 1970 hawe V. K. Rovi oaataot invaatlgatora who want to naa thla ooapouad to vor* oat tbair apacifle roguiraaonta. A rataiaar cf to S00 grana ef aaeh aaapla auppllad will w kapt by loa Lippia, Agricultural Raaaarch Cantar, 9001 Building. Ba will alae procaaa all aaapla ordara. Attachad ara adnutaa ef a aaating batwaan Famandaa, Oataandanar, and Lyon to diaeoaa aaaaya, atc. concarning thia aattar. abo 3 * J DOW028239 E. II. CC.01. II. it. , 574 V. K. Rowe, IE03 W. D. Cruinmelt, 57! J. U. . .miide/., 1710 1'. L. Dunn, 1803 1.086 Y!1B DOVJ COMPANY G R ^ ; F c Lcavllt, 1710 ANAIY1ICAI lABORATORIES CRI (5), 50G REPORT 825-1212-020 At kmc_ W-JJ!8-- 199-0000-000 '"""" 'PIIYSICAL 'CCWUTAWS FOR 2,3,7,C-TETRAClILORODIBENZO-PMKMI.U_PI(2XJI'LAi!GL24J$rT___ ________________________________ The determination of various physical constants for 2,3,7,8tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (dioxin) and 2,4,5-trlchlorophcnoxyacctlc add (2,4,5-T) were requested relative to the use of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T esters (orange herbicide) In Vietnam. The results arc summarized below In Table 1. Table 1 Solubility of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Various Solvents at 25"C Solvent Solubility, g. /100 g. solvent or Weight PcTcent o- Diclilorobcnzcnc Chlorobenzene Benzene Diloroform Acetone n-Octanol Orange Herbicide Methanol Water 0.14 0.072 0.057 0. 037 0.011 0. 00 !8 0. 058 0.00) 0.00000002 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) (b) (b, d) (a) (b, c) (a' N. E. Skclly, ALS 57-474, Dec. 8, 19C4, 574 Bldg. (b) New data (c) Calculated as ppb -0. 2 ppb (d) Calculated as ppm - 580 ppm ft .`YI.C J-'.M N. K. Phellv 4907 574 April 13, 1970 2- - AL 14.698 Tablc 2 Solubility of 2,4,5-Trlchlorophenoxyaccllc Arid In Water and n-Ucxanc at 25'C Solvent Solubility, g. /100 g. solvent or'Wclglil I 'ercenl Water n-Hexane 0.0044 0.0022 Partition Coefficients for 2,3,7,8-Tetraclilorodlbonzo-p-dloxln CDioxln (Water) = 0.0003 * cDloxln (n-Octanol) cDioxin (Waler) 0.00010 CDioxin (Hcn/cnc) *Calrulalcd value, see `'Partition Coefficients" In the Experi mental Section Removal of Herbicide Orange from Corrugated Hoof with a Simulated One Inch Rainfall Orange herbicide spllecd with 10 ppm dioxin was applied to a 2 ft x 2 ft piece of corrugated roofing material at the level of that used lit Vietnam (24 Ibs/aere, 0.27 nur/cnr'). The roofing material was sprinkled with 2. 7 gallons (10 liters) of wider simulating a one Inch rainfall. A multicolored oil film was noted on the surface of the recovered water. Following chloroform extraction, theOrange herbicide con centration present In the water was found to be (UV determination), 0.125g. or . 125g./l. 03 g. x 100 : 12'i of the amount applied ppm Orange Herbicide In Wider - 12. Dppm The dioxin level from the added spike would be 1 pg. Since the total sample was only 0.1 g, this was insufficient at present for a dioxin determination. However, if tin- dioxin level inPranyc herbicide was 1 ppm and the dioxin was removed from llie roof in Hie same ratio (because of extremely p.mr ual> r s ilubili' , it is more Ida ly In tic l ea s ) as f ri o* w I(l8 7 3 r r ., ro ro n. r April 13, 1070 -3- AL 14-698 Ihc Orange lici-bicld", (lie maximum amount of dioxin that could be llicorctlcally present In the water would be 0.0000125 ppm. Theoretical Level of Dioxin Thai Could be Present In Water If Orange Herbicide Is Saturated with Dioxin A saturated solution of dioxin In Orange herbicide was prepared. This was analyzed according to the methods developed by II. H. Gill cl. al. As reported In Table 1, the solubility of dioxin In Orange herbirTdeTs 580 ppm. If the dioxin were present In Orange herbicide at the limit of solubility, and If the herbicide was dissolved In the water at the 12.5 ppm level, the amount of dioxin in the water would be 0.0063 ppm. However, this value would exceed the solubility of dloxlifln water which is 0.0002 ppm (0.2 ppb). Experimental Solubility of Dioxin Solubility determinations were made by warming the solvent to Its boiling point or 100rC, which ever was lower. Mg. amounts of 2,3,7,8-telrachloro(liben/.o-|>-dioxin (07'i 0 was added and the solu tion was placed on a mechanical shaker overnight. Solutions were allowed to stand a minimum of six hours before they were filtered through cellulose (for aqueous) or avlcel (for organic) 0.45 g Mill!pore filters. Concealrations in organlr solvents were determined by direct Injection Into a gas chromatograph. Solubiiilv of the dioxin in water was accomplished by extracting 1.400 ml of a saturated solution with 30 ml of benzene. This was evaporated to a volume ol 0.4 ml. The extract was then examined by gas chromatography. Partition Coefficients Fifty nil of water and an equal volume of the organic immisc ible solvent were warmed on the steam bath. Mg. amounts of ttie dioxin were added and the mixture was placed on a mechanical shaker overnight. The respective layers were allowed lo equillibraie for 48 hours. They were then filtered as described previously. The organic phases were analyzed directly by gas chromatography while the aqueous phases were extract d v. ith tu'o ml of chlorofonn. These chloroform extracts were then analyzed by gas chromatography. "H I 1A & G 001088 ro JO tn rt<{" April 13, 1fiVO -4- AL 14-600 Since the solubility of dioxin In n-octanol Is limited (48 ppm) lid the solubility of n-octanol in water is poor (300 ppm), there was not sufficient dio.:in present In a concentrated extinct of the aqueous phase to obtain an absolute dioxin concentratIon. There fore, thenretleal partition coefficient was calculated on the basis of the actual concentration of dioxin found in the n-octanol layer and the theoretical amount In the aqaeous layer based on dioxin solubility iu n-ocianol and n-octanol solubility Inwater. Therefore this value should only be considered an approximation. The pas chromatography portion of lids work was carried out by K. Wilke and D. Roberts of (he Gas Chromatography Section for wliieh they deserve considerable credit. aJe i A&G o o i o f t n fSSSWfc**1C T3S.M-04763-1 T -V THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY /An t BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH LABORATORY S ./C /l ^ l , '" //V h CBLORACNC STUDY CONDUCTED ON HEXACHLORODX- la n o -p -D io x iN !*S L QtSu uJui*TTrL * ! ! i CHgCKCPtT PJG #hrm 6ATE 12/11/70 n S A T l t i I g M M l* f1w ( O O C L W M S H 'l^ t t S O * t*>j l4tv| l | ( | V l _ t t S I C f l M M C A fC B l a i l W R C MAT SI RtWRftB *1 I P t C l i lC U l t l M l P# < (M ( U llC C w t- SICMYfetTimtmMCM lC iMM lal#iS f n | A smeple of hexachlorodibenxo-p-dioxin (95% pur) was received fro A. 1. Pohland of th PDA and submitted to tha Biochemical Research Laboratory for valuation as a ehloraengn. Two 0.005% solutions of th test material, on in dimethoxyethane and th other in chloroform, were prepared. Bach solution was ap plied to th inner surface of 3 rabbit are, 5 days per week for 4 weeks at a dose of 0.1 ml/day. loth tst solutions produced chloracne responses. All skin contact with the test material should be avoided. . 1710 MTRMUTIOir v.ai 09 ,0 0 M 8 00 o <c* *orx # 2 C9820AVOC DOW CHEMICAL U.S.A, November 8, 1978 MBLMQ. MCKCM Irving J. S e lik o ff, K.D. Environmental Science Laboratory Mt. Sinai School o f Medicine 100th Street and 5th Ave. New York, N.Y. 10029 Dear Dr. S e lik o ff, I t was good to ta lk to you yesterday. This le t t e r is to confirta with you that Dow s c ie n t is ts are pleased to accept your in v ita tio n to come to Mt. Sinai and present a seminar on phenoxy herbicides on Wednesday, December 20, 1978. I t is IV (our) understanding that you wish us to present the s c ie n t if ic data we have on 2,4-0, 2,4 ,5-T and related substances. The purpose i s to acquaint you and your s t a f f with the data so that you w ill be b etter able to plan and execute the proposed epidemiologic study in the P a c ific Northwest. The people we have selected to present the seminar are: John Davidson, Technical Advisor to the D irector o f Research and Development, A g ricu ltu ra l Chemicals Department. Bernard Schwetz, D irecto r o f Dow's Toxicology Research Lasoratory 1n Health and Environmental Research. Richard Koeiba, Head o f Pathology in the Toxicology Research Laboratory. Benjamin Holder, Medical D irector fo r Oow USA and D irector o f Biomedical Research in Health and Environmental Research Warren A. Crummett, Technical Manager o f A n a ly tic a l Labora to rie s . V. K. Rowe, D ire cto r o f Toxicological A f f a ir s . Health and Environ mental Sciences (1 nay come along as moderator o r whatever). You asked I f we had any objection to your In viting a few s c ie n t if ic colleagues from such places as N1EHS and NYU. C e rta in ly not. DCW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL #3 82 1. J . S e lik o ff - November B, 1978 ro 00 I mentioned to you that Ualter Helvta; Jr. K.O. , M.P.H. ar.d Sc.D. o f the In stitu te of Rural Environmental Healh, Colorado State U niversity at F o rt C o llin s might well be w illin g tscontribute. Or. K elvin is well informed and has had a wealth of hums experience in the phenoxy h erb icide area. He served with the A ir F o rc e .fr many years and has been d ir e c tly involved in V ie t Nam, with the dispaml of the A ir Forces' controversial inventory o f Agent Orange, with the fr e s o incident and presently is engaged in an,environmental or epideoological study of some s o rt 1n the Oregon-Washington area. You asked what papers your people cold benefit from reading before the seminar. I suggest the following: 1. Toxicology of Phenoxy HerSfcides and Hazard Assessment of th e ir Use in Reforestation by Fnmk N. Dost, Ph.D. 2. Long-term Hazards of Polydlorinated Dibenzcdioxins and Poly chlorinated Dibenzofurans. WHO - IARC Technical Report No. 78/001, a report of the Jdmt NIEKS/XRC Working Group. 3. Chlorinated Phenoxy Acids ad Their Dioxins. Ecology B u lle tin No. 27 from Royal Swedishfcadeny of Sciences, C. Ramel (ed). 4. 8kEmbryo Problems Posed by Seveso Accident. H. Tuchnann- . Duplessis, M.D., LeConcousKedical No. 44, Nov. 26, 1977. I have included copies of the Titleapge of the f i r s t three o f these so as to help 1n id e n tific a tio n . There are, of course, hundreds o f papers but these reviews w ill give a good o e ra ll perspective and references to s p e c ific s . I am enclosing a copyof a tra n slatio n of number 4 because I d id not expect that you had seen tto r might not be able to get i t in time and I do think i t is important. I hope ! have answered a l l the questbns you asked. I f you have s p e c ific items you would lik e to have discussal, le t me know and 1 w ill do our best to include them. With best personal regards. V. K. Rowe, Sc.D-^ D irector, Toxicological Affairs Health and Environmental Science 1803 B uilding (517) 636-2376 Enclosure kirr bcc: E .!la 1 r ILCnsreett .Davidson .Donalds P. 6ehring B. Holder R. Kociba 8. SchweU DCW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL #3 ! 83 W- TOXICOLOGY OF CHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS BY V. K. RomIk J. M. Nor ri s. B. A. Sc h m i t z * ^ ^ G ^ J ^ - S p a as chu, a n d P. J. 6eh ri ns Che mi cal B iolooy Research Midland, Hio us am and J . L. Emerson an d C. 6. 6erbib Hum an Health Research a n d Development Ce n t e r Z ionsville, In d ia na THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY ^0752 a fr# TIOH *JHOD TTOIW3HD MOC DOW 043869 . < 2 2P DOW CHEMICAL U.S.A. January 25, 1979 E. H. B la ir , 2020 W. B. Cruinnett, 574 J . E. Donalds, 9008 W. M. Gentry, 9001 F. 0. Hoerger, 2030 B. B. Holder, 2030 0. K. Jantz, 9008 R. L. Johnson, 2040 G. G. Jones, 9001 M. L. Leng, 9008 M. J . Mintz, 680 W. W. Muelder, 9008 CO: D.C. -O . /..i. wiotAxa wcMeM .-mes i.ir9-7? k. 0. Moss, 9008 H. G. N o rris. 9008 R. 0. Olson, 607 E. S. Parsey, 834 B. A. Schwetz. 1803 L. L. Smith, 9008 M. J . Traynor, 2030 A. J . Vogel. 1710 S. J . Vranish, 9008 J . W. Weseloh, 9008 C. S. W illiam s, 9008 HEW YEAR PLANNING FOR 1979 CHLORINATED DIOXIN ISSUE MANAGEMENT TEAM Accomplishments 1. Successfully defended the use o f 2,4 -0, 2,4,5-T and silv e x in states where the opposition attempteo to pass le g is la tio n that would ban o r r e s t r ic t use o f these products. 2. Id en tified lo ca l legal counsel In geographic areas o f greatest controversy and aided In th e ir becoming s u f f ic ie n t ly w ell informed so they can defend the po sitio n o f Dow as w ell as user groups. 3. Supplied a 12 volume document to EPA In response to the r is k rebuttal portion o f the RPAR on 2,4 ,5-T . B enefit responses from core than 2,500 users were received and logged in by the EPA Federal Register o ffic e . 4. The Dow Midland 2,4,5-T production group demonstrated the a b il it y to co n sisten tly produce 2,4,5-T with less than 0.05 ppm TCOO. Progress was made In having Oow 2,4,5-T production f a c i l i t i e s outside the U .S.A. produce 2,4,5-T formulations with less than 0.05 ppm TCOO. 5. The long term feeding and reproduction study on rats with 2,4 ,5-T was completed. The f u ll report was submitted to EPA as part o f the 2,4,5-T RPAR r is k reb u tta l. T h is , in addition to the TCOO study on rats f u l f i l l s Dow's agreement to conduct long-term studies on these two chemicals. 5. The Council fo r A g ricu ltu ra l Science and Technology (CAST) revised the Phcnoxy Herbicide report and an appropriate press conference was held in `Washington, D.C. to announit the re v is io n . A favorable news item resulted in U.S. 'In s and World Report. *<i t - iM i M ) u n i o> n a eon t n w e n 85 IM.6KWI m o o 1 V * . E. H. B la ir , et a l. - 2- January 25, 1979 7. A fter the m in ister o f health in the State o f V ic t o r ia , A u stra lia declared a ban on 2,4-0 and 2,4,5-T an intensive investigation Mas conducted. The fin a l favorable report exonerating the chemicals was d istrib u ted to user groups a ll over the world. A s im ila r report resulted from New Zealand a fte r investigations Mere conducted in that country. 8. Improved a n a ly tic a l methods fo r 2,3,7,8-TCOO and other chlorinated dioxins resulted in reports to the Michigan DNR and U.S. ERA regarding fis h from the Saginaw basin. A preliminary study e n title d "Trace Chemistries o f F ire " presented the findings of a Task Force from the Michigan D ivisio n investigating the probable source o f the TCOD found in the fis h . 9. Antiherbicide groups in Minnesota, C a lifo rn ia and B r itis h Columbia exerted considerable e ffo r t to force some type of le g is la tio n to ban or r e s t r ic t 2,4-D in these areas. To date th e ir e ffo r ts have been successfully resisted. 10. Several pu blication s reporting on the health e ffe c ts re su ltin g from the Seveso, Ita ly incident appeared. Translations were made o f these studies and they were d istrib u te d to appropriate people. 11. Preparations were undertaken to gather the necessary information to defend The Dow Chemical Company from the claims o f Vietnam veterans regarding Agent Orange. 12. A fte r several years o f legal discussion the Charlotte Taylor product l i a b i l i t y case involving 2,4 ,5-T and s ilv e x was se ttle d fo r $250 to C. Taylor and $250 to her daughter. The i n i t i a l claim was fo r $5 m illio n . It 1 i I\ DCW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL #4 E. H. B la ir , e t a l. -3- January 25, 1979 Plans 1. Continue a vigorous defense fo r the registered uses o f 2,4-0, 2 ,4 ,5-T and silv e x worldwide. 2. Encourage the holding o f a s c ie n t if ic conference that would provide a means o f bringing together research investigators and presentation o f la te st findings on 2,4,5-T/TCDD. Such a conference would a lso serve as a vehicle fo r the preparation o f witnesses fo r an anticipated hearing as a re su lt o f the RPAR decision on 2,4 ,5-T . 3. Prepare fo r an anticipated RPAR on s ilv e x . An exposure study fo r the lawn application o f th is herbicide Is underway. 4. Hake the necessary preparations fo r Dow production and a n a ly tic a l f a c i l i t i e s to lower the TCDD s p e c ific a tio n in 2,4,5-T and s ilv e x containing products worldwide i f th is becomes necessary. 5. Continue the collaboration with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Dioxin Implementation Plan Committee In the analysis o f environmental samples o f fa t and mothers m ilk fo r TCDD. Also cooperate with National Forest Products Association on a mothers milk study in the P a c ific Northwest. 6. Although i t appears that 2,4-D has been removed from the U.S. EPA pre-RPAR l i s t . I t could appear again i f the an tiherbicide forces apply s u ffic ie n t pressure. In lig h t o f th is p o s s ib ilit y , steps are being taken to gather the necessary Information to defend 2,4-0. Agriculture! Products ) J. H. Davidson A gricu ltu ral Products DOW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL # 4 87 n no - Ta P -un "Rn Ec Pr OuR nT i- ' ~ DOW CHEMICAL U.S.A. RESTRICTED, lor u o within The Do.'v CHemical C o u p m y only C* ____ ^ ^ __ l8 M m N P W t c o m j|A H E T K - f ^ 6 h l - ( U > Of II are i t m * An'iixl ?0. 197P O Health And Environmental Research/Toxicologv Research 1 17 ,7 |0 . 0 , 0 , 7 , 6 , 0 , 0 Incunotoxicolo2 ic Studies Involviar ---2.3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenso-p-dioxin t (TCDD)' 33 CD in Mice and Rabbits , *N * - /PAGES IN S U I L nteOHi cm NUMitcn NK'.-21-l, NBK-21-2, KBK-21-3, K U -21-4 IMiniamiHwwhmim HiW uWiniim l STINT STATUS iiid w m . X iiw I C D f ' e C X j M iiw w iw m n it D E K R m iV I SUMMARY WITH CONCLUStOMS Ma Ic CO-1 alee and New Zealand White rabbits were given orally 0 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 wg/kg/wk of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) for a period up to 8 weeks. The alee were sacrificed at 2, 1 and 8 weeks of exposure. Another group of alee aid rabbits was innoeulated with an antigenic aixturc containing tetanus toxoid and Freunds adjuvant to evaluate the Induced laeune reactivity. Splenic lymphocytes were cultured in vitro with or without the selective.blastogenic agents (phvtoheaegglutinln and pokeweed aitogea) and the incorporation of JH-thyaidine was Measured as an indi cation of relative blaat foraatioa. lesions attributable to TCDD were found primarily in the liver of alee and to sane extent in the thyaus of both species, la nice, the thyale changes were pronounced at 4 weeks after TCDD exposure but not at 8 wteks. Exposure of aaiaals to TCDD, even at the lowest level (0.01 ug/kg/wfc), caused a aarked increase la the thymidine uptake by splenic lyaphocytes. The blastogenic response to phytoaitogeas was decreased at high levels of TCDD exposure. Katiaatioa of serua laaunoglobullas indicated an increase at low levels and a marked decrease at high levels of TCDD exposure. TCDD exposure also reduced the serua aatiletauus concentrations la both species and reduced the skin reactivity to tuherculla and the antibody producing cells in the popliteal lymph nodes of rabbits. lesulta indicate that TCDD at low levels of exposure causes an enhancement of iaaune responsiveness stallar I t that produced by antigenic substances, lamunosuppression occurs at toxic lovels of TCDD exposure and an adaptation to this effect is suggested. c o s t .:' C.CI3. > rc.-.rraos :.w a o .-.mi W 9 t - ................. DCW CHEMICAL CORP. ROLL # 4 D 641 s 0 TH * DOW CH IM ICA L COM PANY MOUND, Michigan March 10, 19o$ P* M. R iley, Speelal Chemicals S a les, ARB J . C. Tucker, Industrial Chemicals S ales, ARB R* N. S a lley , International S a les, ARB J . V. Karris, Chernies! Sales, ARB L. B. Orsnt, Sales Administration, *7 Building K. W. Peinauer, Chemicals Department, ARB C. 0 . Kutchenreuther, Or*. Chem. Prod. D ept., 8$8 Building I . C. Staehllng, Organic Chem. Products D ept., 178 Building P. C. Amatutx, Herbicide Section, *41 Building C. S. O tis, Bioproducts Department, Bloproduets Center V. P. Palsey, Bloproduets Department, Bloproduets Center E. Y. Hansen, Bloproduets S ales, Bloproduets Center 0 . E. Lynn, Bloproduets Department, Bloproduets Canter R. C. Hoff, Chem. Prod. Qual. Serf lo s s , 172 Building* V. M. 0111, Bloproduets Department, Bloproduets Center V. J . McCoy, Bloproduets S ales, Bloproduets Center M. 0 . V llts e , Bloproduets Department, Bloproduets Center J . D. Doedens, Chemicals Department, ARB D. E. Pleteher, Bloproduets Department, Bloproduets Center K. C. Barrona, Bloproduets Department, Bloproduets Canter V. L. Corbin, Bloproduets S ales, Bloproduets Canter -Bi-ft-T-Hoyle, Biochemical Research Laboratory, 1701 Buildlr.* -\L__JLL-Rowe>>Biochemical Research Laboratory, 1701 Building i u> at HAZARD OP MONSANTO T ACID *. Rabbit ear t e s t s on twelve lo ts of Monsanto 2 ,4 ,$ T acid have shown moderate to severe response In eigh t eases at ten per eent concentration In eth sn ol. This confirms VPC a n a ly sis for 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrsehlorodlbenzodloxln which was found In concentrations averaging about 10 ppm. This m aterial presents a d e fin ite hazard which would require a l l the precautions used in 199 Building and 3*9 Building to prevent Injury, i f I t is processed at 2o7 Building. Dow's Involvement in shipping th is m aterial to Rlverdale and Woodbury a lso concerns me. There la a d e fin ite risk to th eir employees, e sp e c ia lly since they are probably unaware o f the problem and are probably taking no precautions.' There i s no assurance that th eir fin a l products w ill be free of contamination. The availab le evidence points to the opposite. Zn my opinion th eir produets should not be sold u n til animal testa show these products to be free of a sig n ific a n t hazard frr.rs *.** ter-seM 'rr'idibenzedlcxln 2nd related m aterials. j / / I V ? DOW CHEMICAL % TH D O W CHEMICAL COMPANY KvZmDUTNimD, Maiinchhiignann Mirah 29 1969 . e rf* r fe,/. It i i H n n Laboratory lng aoii V. Riley R. R. Malloy L. B. Orant C. 0. Butohaarauthar f. 0. Asstuts . r. Fniaey 0. B. Lynn V. N. 0111 . 0. Mlltaa D. B. riatohor V. L. Corbin D. 0. Irish J. B. Peterson J. C. Tuckor J. H. Barra R. M. Polnauar B. 0. Stsehllng C. B. Otla B. Y. Banaan B. C. Boff V. J. NoCoy J. D. Doadans K. C. Barrons B. R. floyla B. B. Bolder, N.D. 8. B. Badale REPORT OM TBZ CHIOMACNE PROBLEM NEETZNO ON 3/21/69 Frasantt Dr. J. Wllkenfeld and Br. Rayawnd Verhoese, Hookar Chanlcal Corporation t' Mr. Francis Kennedy and Dr. Bd Chandler, Dlanond Alkali Company Nr. C. I Dunn and Dr. John F. Frawley, Harculas Powder Company V. E. racappad the Dow situation In tarns of the problan and ttoa Initial studies by Toxicology and Environmental Assearch Laboratory regarding ths in-plant situation. Be expanded this In general terns to the study of end products, ours and other peoples. Be made reference to syanetrloal tetrech^oro-p-dlbensodloxln. Me referred to the evidence for unxnowa senegens. There were cone questions fro the group about the unknowns. We (Dow) were not able to answer these questions except to review the evidence for their existence In the process samples end end produots. confides".u INJECT TO t:;.::aioN D.C,ED. M L /-4 -7 lj DOW,2?A AGtfEMCNf 9-79 ' A&G 000871m 01 B< di r* C r a a V. K.> Rowe -a- March 29, 1969 Dr. Holder reviewed the medical side of the Dow expcrlcnoci he Id that we now have approximately 60 to 70 eases of Individuals with ehlorsone ranging fron two severe eases to sane very wild cases that were difficult te diagnose. He showed slides of the aore dramatis eases. The slides were exclusively views of the faces of the Individuals afrilotod. Ms described in fair detail the appearance of the Indivi dual11 mentioning the blackheads speelfloally. (to then reviewed the clinical studies that are being made on these people with emptasls ea the liver function tests, lie men tioned the single liter biopsy that has been taken end studied In which the liver was normal although the man had a rather pronounced ease of ehloraone. hr. Holder also mentioned the lnoldenee of fatigue among the afflicted people as being the only other significant finding in these folks. Is touched briefly on treatment Indicating that various topical treatments ware not particularly effective. He desorlbed the cycling of this disorder in individuals who had been completely removed from exposure. He mentioned that some fellows are approaching the end of their trouble two or two and one-half years after onset of the slcln dis order. He also desorlbed "asuta ehloraone" whloh is an aoute Inflammatory condition that appears considerably sooner than the normal ehloraone In Individuals and appear after pro nounced 0Ingle exposure. The aeute ohloraeae shows up within a few days of exposure. Dr. Holder mentioned five to eight days specifically. There was considerable discussion by the group on the akin disorder itself. The Hooker representatives re litted experience of skin condition thirty years after expo sure. Their cases were more similar to the DowleIda bumps which Dow has experienced In that there were large bolls or large bumps rather than the multitude of small blackheads and eruptions which Dow Is seeing In the currant eases. Dr. Sadek showed slides of ears end livers of rabbits that had been exposed to the symmetries! tetraehloro-p-dlbeosodloxln. He discussed the pathology In detail whleh X will net attempt to sunmsrlxe. V. K. mentioned the studies in whleh the rsbbit eers have been treated with 1CBD in bensena or corn oil and then washed with eoap and water at various time lntervsls later. If exposure occurs for very long, washing does little good. He also briefly mentioned the oral studies but without detail. Silverstain described the plant study on washing of contamination from tools snd surfacss. This study Indicated that bensena, acetone and Chlorothene MU were !'r!ei 1!* ln r**!ln* " contaminant iron tools and also that detergent end water with scrubbing action could clean up tools And equipment. Sens discussion ensued on the use DOV029960 *** \> i: y *-^IV***iaJ^.* i- t a K M #>J.C.V/ ?~ ' r ..: 1 sr7.4 rr-^r"-- y ,,*.*. y a 'S n i , i s 5 f a s * , L 8l i * 3 3 * * 3 4 S iip|*8l 5 5 - b1 s ^sSss" W IK I iiif k ii '~.,'-7i4-J- -':' oH. -^v1 J '-*""& : 'v'ijXc-Vv-: " -7re--- f +yrJi: li. m ,4 & i 3 -.>vt ijt ..i"rt.U.K..H..'i.N* '>f-*r 136Z -'T*.Si C 8 t. I00I*. - ^ r Karch 17 19$5 "!$ $ $ ? *"s ijafeB 'W , v fMftawT fc*. /> * fl,3*7<&-T*trachiprodlbcn3Tl>p*r*-bissano . . ;;; /* :.- J 0 - ' ':. - '?' V ' : *r* John Stephen* .jjj; i ' ; vSf/,` * iy,^ l;, W 'S f y 'U tiffk. f i `f H f . .il$$ Ik^jBwloaed la 9*mfdi.X,.ijf'a' fi-,.>'('*.`1 v',':,^>"*1 f e ? .&"' -iwfcsp.->3* r'..- ..,>'li Shi* w i received from Pou Chesdetl-Company, and according to then i t Is the *o*t toxie compound they have ever . xperleaeed St presumably*le toxi' hy- sida contact* a* Pell a* hr inhalation Aceordin* to Do* i t ie lO tiaefi ,, es 'toxic es perathion* f t ^e' likewise, "eapabe'fof1f tteias ea incepeeiUUng^^ehu^ot; .$ v.^1, ; X would reeosaend that extreme esre W tosed ln!handling; that dilution* be stad* Under a hoodt and that;*11"equip* ment be washed eut immediately, or disposed ofaven trace amount* of this (aooppb) faae* sauced ehXoreenc in rabbit*, according to Ite* ; .T. Thl* i t beine given to you to calibrate theVfC Btethod Of analyzing for this compoundits our X Miah you 4 -. * . .;,. m - W k ' ' !v s t a n y q u e s tio n a * `i:JM'>7,,t?'/:/-r' .'* ' ' i : * - ff':J. '' ' '. ., 4! -''' '' . ' V.i' * tenet tfilX r, H. S ia & u ne *tli 'V 1'fft k m h5--yc :, '.- 4 j-^:: V- .! :'& :## I/:*,*' ;/4; ' i,`, . '/Vi;'. yf'fT -iw/iiif v;'^.>.f.it" `i ii^jt V';f` 1 t>N. f>-y f' ; ;:(: \ f iVV. ^..-^!.i'`.TC-y-s-owl*-'< "e..C_?_ tereh 30, *95 ' f . IU # # `. y-. - . ' i F i . ".' fjftjfe .S?.-') o*;5:V !f' * Ite** M U o i l * lteo|*f*.& mSE-Pl/.- ,fclprdoit* ^ Cb*ttit of C*t<U feral* Cima* .''vy'. . -- :.t.w?:*`,t,,-,':, ;. ' t 1 "y --a: ,*'.-VY.','!I`T',, V. I. '.*V'J'> ,, -,frr - ` #5-S*CLOjiofiraL# t . drttts, Ar associasi & m a tz ,* ^ . .' "-r. . <- .`:.i # " 1 '^']UV^ mw `! X fevo Otb* iw cltctlA c T W r*^*6 ifof* Uform tto to 0*#$r .'i* diteti**! tb# tubjtot probi* Uta Mui*]* tod tb Co*CtoT''r"" ' '|dpF.iA#*/ X fctvt W * a tnl*4 bo**v*rf ^ u i m tb* *a*lrtlel tetbodt t e w W * a tumidi u>4 i n la tb* proco** of b*in oUtrtd ad ' ,M rprodoe*d X xp*et tb* a? di;, Vii ratbsr tb *lt loac*r I tboujht X Sbevld 4*1 fou of tb# 1tutelo. I lil M o d r *pl f ttM Mtb04* M *40 u U r l*Mt t*lUbl< X mfnt t* tb Tamil probi o* tr tUmptlac to do TrTtbid postiti to raid tb potbl ocsurmoc* of hlor* # la sx pfilicAtloo Ib t o It Io tb* hoadllaf or *** of tri* hlmpb*ool trlchlorcrpb*ucyo*tl acid ad It* ferivatlms A poo m i l b w * # * btd reos i l m u m 1 euy opmtlr. pl*t* bsese*# f eeat**lh*tlea of 3**9-trichleropbsaol Ith * lapurttUa tb o g e t l m of bieb lt 3i3t7*B-tmdhlea* dib*n*odia*in. fbl* e*C*rl*l 1 xoptlettsllr toxl*| lt b** , t m n a d o o s petrattai for produci eblomtiM 4 potrai* la* ." Jterp* ,tf lt 1* protrae 1 tb trtebiorophraol lt 111 te # .'v:s/i fm8.e;.- ,i*:'*l4artrolfdo through miUtlon tto th f cid td loto tb * * t * m dad b*po ehleh ir* to b#;sXd to tb* publlt* Om of Y|1V`, tMb*I tb bUinJ gi pi Vofh&l*eChH *o9* Wraabt tteeV 4oTvVooiOd,if t*l t| Bb#f OWdvCtVtWrrTtfaWc*l owf* oWnlpf OM 1 sonine*r*. X a portlduUflf d*wd ter* Uh por* eionoi* ohhoa torro uosalibn* tthh* euuarttifiUll otea ot dtlUTr.* rNvMpit*tt*ed tbeftosllss, aeusbhW#! I#.-/' o* utto f t #3 -T' U sltU tl oludo` VpJtmtryt' omi o flthcr Mr u b btrr l lt. b*^d" b i n f eh* t `XfndtbIi* otttrU l shoo iteuld O* p ludtxtopl noofctttmr*mr'jotrbt t*rltonttiibdt o.lA'T^^#' -### ' atril* opon lt* thl* iretd tb*t M t U t e op i* tb *! m M iajih y m oro te ooe* or oA hOu*# froa b lt b ls , m tbor tbtn iP A v 7*i'i1'-**, f|fv^ bovi *on froo ltbout do l t f o f 1 t t l * *? o pprotsb tb probi* lo os or**rf ,t M f4rfXf t t e o te* * * w'.< 5' THU 1 1 :3 5 C L_ R X T O H R.0 U J U -lB -1 9 -t ; e:<M Aif.. WUH 5UDfl HEALTH & EARQNMENT TO 16333812 P ,04 012332 UgH j568605 `-i' i > :*,, infilili' 1 5D*Mbi.rot'i m-buae,. r.<. . J-964 / J .**. . Dow Chemical Company "Ir'1iV. V /-A &- 1 Midland, Michigan U*S*A. 4 * '- l' ' -&tl-- \ iJ ^ . ;V rA^-.^ I":T4: *Y` ;,'4 r'- Honored Centiment '" h I A'vJ\'V,".l ~ V.r;iA>. s m,:y .r -During brief Visit with your messere a Dr*"Trapp#`1;. &A'/vm!` m e e k and Silverstelrt w# mentioned aseientlflc report/ in w__h__i_c__h t___h__e__ isolation of chldradhtf ac^tivte___s__u_b__s__t_ an_c_es^a__e w_e__l__l_ ^ '$?$-* a* conoluelone conoernirig bp#iSiii| procSdttfSS .r >'.-.. .U&,.: .ydescribed. MM. Siverateirt showed ah iuterest thisand v; ^ i a a k e d for a copy of^hii}fsportV^^^' Jm'Ti-:'?^ " k 'y ~Kihvi-.i*. .'K..Uv,'y,| Until now us hs atsolosed! the Montent of thtairppoaiL ?1 Jt?o ntioo~^nn~~ouutt9ld~or~0Uf company^ as w a a__t__t_a_o__n___a. . .sp.ell -eaue thereto, fiaAeeTtrie ^treat'dlnary dmngef, of thi ; p9 ' tetf&ehlorobensodloKln ls nofcfjeheralls knowi. iHovettfi ijj dnas sou hve Isolated the * materiel from the b^? t\ltA*Products toi!) of yoUr trlchlorophenol proeae *e hve chosen to turn fchis report otff .fco you * We ,Would ask^^;r yoU| howevtr# that ou dommlt yuralvea to i maita^stashi A ..a polioy of strlet confidence wlth respect to tbie Informtlori >n`. and that you bould dtielose Lt to no one outiide of our flrtU .Ci .'*; ' . Ve hope that the enclosad report (Exprimente en the dtermination (isolation) of ehloracne exiters in the >1- ,'vj production of Sft*5-T acid) of Dec* 9 1956 *111 be of " use to you in the solution of youi* ehloracne problem and *e remain ..& r-. . " Jf . ..-'gwi.'.th friendly greeting : ; Tif.i.ii' ' V, f 'A i ;iii V V.y ' *\' V;V, : CL V * i.', Attached papera C f a BCEfiMOKHR OOt ..-Vfi,V.', f t 5 "1 * * - ''' ' f Vt .y s .\\ r t i lift K u d s s u s D r M a rrs* w l *' ' !?'?^-V' ... . Ji `siCvt/'3jlfk1 t'il :f.. m * ' `is .* '/' J .y r-b , . it*J f ' j ' i'- V - i '' i `'r - '' ' > (i i* .'V v .:\;;v ii .'-S ' : . ` A r i A - S v i : - ' :;> ... > .- % '.`{W \:ii j'I '- ' 7 rt. c A W h*> .y* r-AV .tV. 'From M o n s a n t o C h e m i c a l C o m p a n y At- St. Louis, Mo. Date June 12, 1 9 5 6 Mr. H.K. Nason-M.O. 3 1 7 Mr. R.E. Soden-Nltro Mr. L.C. Weger-Nitro^j To Dr. R. Emmet Kelly At Medical' Dept. Reference Subject CHLORA AT BADISCHEN ANILIN ICHLORPHENOL Persons Present: Dr. H. Oettel Dr. H. T. Hofmann A . Palm (Ph.D .) W. Soenksen (Plant Supt., part-time) On the 1 7 th of November, 1953, Badische was producing a batch of trichlorphenol from tetrachlorbenzene when the process exceeded control pressure and temperatures similar to our incident at Nitro. No one was injured at the time. Within one week, as clean-up was being carried out, the first cases of chloracne developed. Fifteen or sixteen cases (6 serious) developed within the next 1 - 2 months and additional cases showed up during the next 1 0 - 1 2 months until there was a total of 5O-0O cases. w I did not see our most severe Nitro cases nor have I seen photographs of these cases. The photographs of the worst Badische cases show _ horrible skin eruptions with nearly blister-like welts and some ulcera tion where infection ensued. Areas involved included the face, neck, arms, and upper half of the body. It is my impression that their severe cases were much worse than ours. In addition to the skin mani festations, their men reported all the additional symptoms as exper iences in our workers, i.e, fatigue, vertigo, loss of libido, painful Joints, etc. About ten days following the incident, and after initial clean-up-, Dr. Oettel vras asked to expose animals to the workroom atmosphere. Rab bits (in open wire cages) were placed In the operating area for 24-^8 hours. There were no obvious symptoms which developed in the animals until one week after exposure - when they died. Autopsy showed liver necrosis. Oettel thought there might be virus Infection or some other cause for death until he exposed additional animals in the department, others in cages suspended inside the "decontaminated" autoclave, and some in the adjacent department. All died within 1-2 weeks following exposure. Subsequently, animals placed in the cages v;hich had pre viously been in the department died of liver necrosis. A thorough systematic Investigation has isolated impurities In the trichlorphenol process (or residues) which will cause tne same effects in rabbits. Liver necrosis will develop In rabbits at the following doses of the Indicated materials: 1 5 - 2 0 mg. of pentachlor naphthalene 1 mg. of chlorinated diphenyl oxide 0 . 1 mg. of residue from trichlorphenol distillation 0 . 0 1 mg. of residue fraction from trichlorphenol (above 230C) -`*0 i ~\ -r--* :H * r n A. a .?, C 15579 S&> 11^ _ -2- Dr. Oettel believes that the most potent chloracnogen is a compoundsomewhat similar to chlorinated diphenyl oxide, .---- y r-- -- * ,`but /v ci K c l ) probably with additional oxygen atoms in the molecules. He has cor responded with Don-.Irish at Dow who either reached the same conclusion independently or, m mentioning the potential of chlorinateddiphenyl oxide, influenced O e ttel!s reasoning. Oettel believes, further, that this impurity can show up in the production of any chlorinated phenols and is probably responsible for any chloracne which has been, due allegedly to chlornapthalenes, pentachlorphenol, chlorinated biphenyls, etc. Dr. Oettel has no faith in any animal skin tests for isolating chloracnogens. He was very Interested in Kettering's work and was not aware of the publication referred to in Dr. Suskind's first report and which describes the cyclic skin development in new-born rats. (Refer ence: Parnell, J.P.: Postnatal Development and Functional Histology of the Sebaceous Glands in the Rat, Am. J. Anat., 85**il, 19^9). He i3 convinced that the Bromsulphalein test reported in the attached reprint is significant. In this regard, Badlsche routinely uses this test on each batch of trichlorphenol which they now purchase from Bayer, and refuses to accept material which fails to pass the animal tests. (I also learned at Bayer that they have experienced chloracne during the production of trichlorphenol but 'have now licked the problem" according to Dr. Hansen (chemist - Research Director At Elberfeld)T Badische has been able to reproduce in the laboratory the conditions which lead to the incident such as theirs and ours at Nitro and was quite surprised that we had Dot been able to do so. I was not given the Nitro process information, i.e., temperatures and pressures, but if I had had this information I am sure that I could have obtained Badische's. One of their chemists, a Dr. Palm, sat in on our dis cussions and was prepared to go into details. He did mention that "with 3 mols of trichlorphenol, methyl alcohol, and alkali, and a tem perature of l80C,! the process gets out of control. His remarks are in quotes because he does not speak English and I'm not certain of his remarks. Dr. Oettel would be very happy to receive samples of any of our materials for investigation. He would like particularly: (1) Samples of any of the materials involved in our 19^9 incident including tetrachlorbenzene, trichlorphenol, or Na salt and any residues from the autoclave or material cleaned from the equipment and structural members. (2) Trichlorphenol (or Na salt) from regular production. (3) Any samples from raw materials, intermediates, and final product which may have been involved in our cases which developed during our normal 2,4,5-T production in the years following the initial incident. 'Jfdi.Vi a -- 551 C15580 -3- He would be happy to exchange freely any and all information with us and Kettering. It was my suggestion that this be direct with Dr. Suskind to eliminate "third parties.'' He would routinely send carbons of any correspondence to us and we could request Dr. Suskind to do likewise. It is my opinion that this might save unnecessary duplication of effort and expense. In addition, Kettering might obtainvaluable information to further their investigation involving human volunteers. I left with Dr. Oettel copies of the following: (1) The five (5 ) reports from the Industrial Hygiene Foundation which discuss their rabbit ear tests. (2) Kettering's report - ''Clinical and Environmental Survey at Nitro, 1953." (3) Kettering's report - "Environmental Survey Carried Out In Building 30, Monsanto Chemical Company at Nitro, February 2, 1956." We reviewed thoroughly Mr. V/eger's excellent "History of Chloracne" which he sent to me with covering memo dated May up, 1956, and which included descriptions of Kettering's reports on their human and animal research. I did not give Dr. Oettel a copy of this account because I did not have permission to do so. As a result of my visit, It may be desirable to edit this report somewhat and add further process information before forwarding this to Badische. Any specific recommendations are implied in the above narrative account of my visit to Badische and must be based on an agreement that full and complete exchange of information with Badische Is desirable and possible. EPW:dh Attachment Elmer P. Wheeler C15581 50 A - C 4 FSDENTAL CONFERENCE AT KETTERING LABORATORY PRESENT : R. R. Susklnd M.D. H. Oettl'M.D. E. P. Wheeler L. C. Weger - Kettering Laboratory Cincinnati, Ohio - B.A.S.F. Ludwigshaven Germany - Monsanto - Monsanto This conference was arranged to share Information between Badische, Monsanto and the Kettering Laboratory on chlor-acne. In the case of both Badische and Monsanto, the incident of chlor-acne followed the violent decomposition of a batch of trichloro-phenate in process. The Monsanto incident occurred March 8 , 19^9 and the German incident in December, 1953. Both cases were followed In a period of days or weeks by an outbreak of chlor-acne of epidemic proportions. Following the Monsanto incident Dr. Susklnd aqd the Kettering Labora tory have done extensive studies into the problem. Dr. Susklnd reviewed, in some detail, work and studies which were carried out . In the beginning, Dr. Susklnd related tests and studies made on four of the more severe acne cases and presented pictures of the Individuals Involved together with photo micrographs of skin biopses showing acne lesions. Dr. Oettel presented similar photographs and photo micrographs of German cases which compared very closely with those from Monsanto. It appeared that the German cases may have been more severe with regard to the skin disturbances. It was also apparent that the residual scarring was a good deal more pronounced. Dr. Susklnd described in some detail, animal tests continued by skin application and by inhalation using both sodium TCP and' 245T on a C15582 m trr -2- variety of animals including rabbits, rats (adult and baby), cats, dogs and guinea pigs, etc. While in many of the experimental animals evidence of toxicity was manifest, there was no chlor-acne` developed. Dr. Suskind and Dr. Oettel both agreed that the so called "rabbit ear test", as developed and described by Messrs. Adams, Irish, Spencer and Rowe, is unrealistic and non-reproduceable. Since none of the very extensive animal experiments were successful in the production of acne, a decision was made to employ human volunteers in an attempt to find a means of evaluating the acnegenic potential of various process materials. In the first of these experiments, Halowax 1014 (a known acnegen) was chosen as a control. This was applied as a 20^6 application in "plastibase" an ointment essentially consisting of 5$ Polyethylene in mineral oil. Halowax in this experiment was compared to 245T and both materials were applied to the forearm of the human volunteers and kep?v in contact with the forearm on a continuous basis. Extensive liver function tests were conducted every other day and the volunteers were examined daily by a qualified physician who was particularly mindful of possible liver changes. In 2 to 3 days, redness developed in the Halowax exposures and in 10 days there were some follicular changes terminating in actual lesions. There was no evidence of skin changes in the 245T exposures. Acne was produced only locally1in the sight of exposure in every case, that is, there was no systemic change. (At other hospitals with large scale tests, using Halowax, acne was produced in a l l .cases .except, people above the age of 7 0 . In no case was there any change In liver functions.) C15583 -3- | In a later series of experiments, Dr. Suskind described how three materials submitted by Monsanto were compared with Halowax using the technique described above. The materials from Monsanto were all sodium triphenolate prepared as follows: 1) Normal sodium TCP from a plant operation 2) Sodium TCP made from distilled triphenol 3) Sodium TCP made from trichlorophenol purified by the Diamond Alkali technique (dilution, filtration, precipitation and washing) In this experiment acne was produced in the Halowax control cases and in the cases exposed to the normal plant produced sodium TCP; no acne developed in the cases exposed to the treated TCP samples in the concentrations used. / Dr. Suskind stated that the evolution of chlor-acne is very similar to Acne Vulgaris. Dr. Oettel and Dr. Suskind agreed that massive doses of Vitamin ^ ( 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 units per day) are effective in Acne Vulgaris. Vitamin therapy was unsuccessful in the Monsanto cases. Dr. Oettel was of the opinion that treatment was too late and stated that they have found that massive doses given in the very early signs of chlor-acne have often resulted in complete clearing of symptoms in 2 to 3 w e e k s . Dr. Suskind stated that there is evidence that people develop ache from inhalation or ingesting of Halowax and Dr. Oettel agreed that acne need not come from percutaneous absorbtion but also may be systemic in origin Dr. Suskind stated that in the Monsanto cases the skin problem was not disabling but the many other symptoms such as vertigo, aching muscles, t o PROTECTIVE CTCOER C15584 5Co 1 to* /*T > -4- ?r;.. dyspnea and headaches were. In close checking the varying secondary o jrT*nu^ptcms (once termed bizarre) it developed that all of the typical symptoms were common *to both the German and Monsanto cases with the exception of dyspnea and intolerance to cold. Dr. Oettel stated that materials such as Halowax and trichlorophenol are not in themselves acnogenic but that the offending co n taminant is an "oxidate". Residues from the Badische decomposition have been extracted and elemental analyses made of the extracts (carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen). Following this, a series of oxygen bearing, chlorine bearing ring hydrocarbons were synthesized and checked for anim3l toxicity, using rabbits. Comparative acute toxicity of four of the compounds are as follows: ( 1 ) triphlorophenol - greater than 1 gram per kilogram 2 ) tetrachloro naphthalene - 50 mg per kilogram 3 ) tetrachloro diphenylene oxide - 0 . 1 mg per kilogram 4) tetrachlfero diphenylene dioxide - 0.0 05 mg per kilogram The latter compound (also called tetrachloro diphenyl dioxane) checks more closely by elemental analysis with the extract of the residues from the decomposition. Dr. Oettel is convinced that this is the active agent. They have developed a liver function test for rabbits which involves a micro determination of Bromsulphalein retention. This is used as a control test on purchased trichlorophenol (feeding 1 .gram of the sample per kilogram of body Weight to each of three rabbits). If there is no more than 5$ of BSP retention in 5 days, the material is jprovea for processing. Dr. Oettel stated positively that there had oeen no cases of chlor-acne in the 245T synthesis operation. subject' C15585 %?^ -5- a later conversation while returning to St. Louis, it developed that, the 1S53 decomposition at Ba disc he Works did not occur early in the hydrolysis as in the case of both Monsanto and Diamond Alkali, but was in the stripping of excess methanol following the hydrolysis when the batch was dehydrated and decomposed. The decomposition pressure was relieved through normal pressure relief devices and the autoclave was also left full of a mass of coke so hot that it was "gleaming". Badische has been able to reproduce the decomposition of NA-TCP by dehydration in the presence of iron. (This appears to still leave unexplained the type of decomposition experienced by Monsanto and Diamond Alkali.) Eadische no longer produces TCP but purchases trichloro-phenol from ayer and uses the BSP test for acceptance or rejection of each lot. Bayer professes to have had no chlor-acne but Dr. Oettel doubts their veracity. Dr. Oettel stated that Boehringer in Ingelheim, Germany had* a slight decomposition in aodium TCP production and have had many cases o f 'chlor-acne for many years. Their trichloro-phenol gave high results (positive) by the BSP tests. Dr. Oettel volunteered to run BSP tests for Monsanto on samples which we might forward to him. Mr. Weger agreed to have responsibility for following up on this work. * r^ ,. ** C15586 5k'3