Document 99Mz9XnpjjkJ51ZZQJ6n5KRJD

\ . ( * ORAL T0XICI7IS5 OF 2,4,5-T No of Spccies Form Animals Rat Guinea Pig House Chick Acid ti . ii it 40 20 27 33 LD50 mg/kg 527 389 373 312 LD1 mg/kg 285 252 156 144 LD1 Lower 95% Reference 280 Rowe 171 ii 69 ti 83 ii 1 I! 6 sI ( acuti ivtraperitcveal toxicitiis 2.u-d Species Rat Guinea Pig , House Form Purified Ha .Va + VHj. Crude Va Purified Na Na + VHU Pure VH4 Crude NH^ Va + VE, io. Animala LD50 mg/kg 24 S60 ' 72 512 24 600 24 575 36 590 40 - 396 40 426 200 369 LD1 ntg/kg 257 220 160 413 296 253 178 200 LUI Lower 95^ 127 156 15 309 172 191 99 190 Reference Hill Table 3 Hill - Combined data Hill Table 3 Hill - Table 3 Hill - Combined data Hill - Table 5 % Hill - Table 5 Hill Fit2hugh i t 2x *h O ACUTE TOXICITY Oral vs. Intraperitoneal Species LD50 Oral Rat House 'Guinea Pig Rabbit 666-805 512-589 375 369-U26 551-1000 576-600 800 400 Civ) co ACUTE TOXICITY OF PURPLE Route & Doses mg/kg * Rat Oral LD50 LD1 LDL (95) 566 . . 213 124 2. LD50 LD1 LSI (95) it LD50 LD1 LD1 (95) *536., 121 64 569.. *244 107 2 . LD50 5562- LD1 3178 LSI (95) 2034 Rabbit Dog - ' ' '-- 1994, .a 500 363 > 250 178 - a 500 > 250 -- 12034 493 40 >1250 - i mia pj***a / r -r4 >hb !MS,W foaodus i w p".!,d't!'im , fS *od*J IUM I ponodM* .j s r s s r - - n TM ZT TM pnTXJH oj!1B * ' <,g r*t\ *tl W ........: v :r,`:-:r/;::::.......... (IM* *r*,B* nnv mici in n i i i A i N p , , , i 0 ) i Mj t or oreffects repeated doses phemoxyacetates Compound Animal Route 2,4-D House Ha 2,4-D Rat salts 2 ,4-D Rat Ha 2,4-D Dog Na 2,4-D Chick alkandanlne. 2,4-D Sheep Cow 2,4-D salt Horse isoprooylester Cattle 2*t4-D Sheep Isopropylester Swine Chick 2,4,5-T 8 Steers sc Food Tood Food Oral Pasture Pasture Oral 2 Steers Oral Dosage * 1/3 LD50 (90 mg/kg/day) for 3 months About 6 mg/kg/day-24 days Effects Reference Ho effects Bucher, Proc Soc Exd Biol 6 Fed - 19H6 Ho effects Hill Carlisle - 1947 95 mg/kg/day- 100 weeks Ho effects Fitzhu^h 12.5 mg/kg/day-100 weeks Ho effects Fitzhugh 280 mg/kg, 3 tlmes/weck, 4 weeks Ho effects (acute oral LD50 = 380-765 mg/kg) About 2.77 lbs/acre for 12 days Ho effects 4 lbs/acre) ) - for 12 days 3.3 lbs/acre) 3.3 lbs/acre) ) 16, 17, 52, 55, 114, 161 ng/kg/day-78 days Ho effects Ho effects 50, 58 mg/kg/day-154 days Ho effects Bjorn llorthen Science 1948 Mitchell, ct'al. J Animal Sei - 1946 Grigsby Farwell Mich Agr Exp Sta Qt Bull - 1950 Anderson, Arndt, Godbey, Jones JAVHA - 1949 i <*0 i oo i i y i r,** ^ '.''//A *.`.. -*y .f */' ^ Reference -f*D. Gerking - 1948 J.Uifc'-ti. rf*. ,-.$0;-- 1-H7 Hanson - .1952 5V. TOXICITY OF 2,4-D IN FISH ' * dO-W ~ tKL Dosage Effects / 100 ppm Ho damage to invertebrates -- rv, ' "7 y ' 1 lb/acre No damage to wildlife' in marshes J.^.^HarriSon Rees - 1946 a * .j. //tfC/sO.'?* v/.if. King t^enfound - 1946 /OZ* *rrf 7//i'y/o 2000 ppm 100 ppm 65 ppm 830 ppm 100 lbs/acre in 3-ft oond LD50 for catfish,.minnows Some deaths in breams and bass Some deaths in carp No deaths in bluegills or minnows in 29 days A C * 2^\, . ?'**!/< l ^ 6 - V 71-"?-^ M H 7 / 3 i? >w * ' ./* s t . .. \ i POSSIBLE ANIMAL TOXICITY P'jaiWG SPRAY OPERATIONS Willard - 1950 Millions of acres of pasture with livestock have been sprayed in the last 6 .to 7 years without injury to livestock. In Ohio, during a 4-year period, one company has sprayed over 60,000 miles of roadside in 26 counties There have been 5 sus pected poisonings (2 swine-, 2 cattle, 1 sheep), none substantiated. In Pennsylvania a company has sprayed 10,000 acres of right-ofways per year. There were only 4 reported cases of poisoning* Three of these were related to other causes Fertig - 1953-. No known cases of poisoning from field application* ECTS OF REPEATED DOSES OF PHEHOXYACETATES Dosage g/kg, 3 timcs/week, 4 weeks g/kg, 3 times/week, 4 weeks g/kg, 3 times/week, 4 weeks t/kg, 3 times/week, 4 weeks' 100 ppm - 113 days 300 ppm - 113 days 1000 ppm - 113 days 3000 ppm - 12 days 100 mg/kg - 15 days 500 mg/kg - . 3 days 500 mg/kg - 2 days OOO'mrc/kg - 3 days 50 mg/kg - 4-13 doses 00 mg/kg - 3 - 7 doses i mg/kg/day - 6 days ) mg/kg/day - 2-3 days 'kg, 5 times/wcek, 90 days rkg, 5 timcs/week, 90 days Effects No effects No effects Decreased growth cloudy swelling of liver Deaths No effects No effects Toxic effects deaths Toxic effects sacrificed Some pathology of liver, kidney, GI tract No effects Decreased appetite Death Nothing remarkable, some kidney degeneration hyperphasis of bone marrow, decreased hgb Decreased hgb, degenera tion of kidney, hyper phasis of spleen, lymphoid, hone marrow Bleeding gums, leg ulcers 2/2 deaths Ho effects Deaths Reference Rowe Hymas Am J Vet Med - 1954 Ibid Ibid Hill Carlisle J I Hyg Tox - 1947 Ibid i Drill lliratzka Arch I Hyg Occ Ked - 1953 EFFECTS OF REPEATED DOSES Or PHENOXYACETATES Compound 2.M-D Anirial Rat , Route Oral Dosage * 10 mg/kg, 3 timcs/wcck, 4 weeks * 30 mg/kg, 3 times/week, 4 weeks x-100 mg/kg, 3 times/week, 4 weeks 2,4-D Rat -Diet-- -t iteron Brush Killer Steer Oral 300 mg/kg, 3 times/week, 4 weeks' i 100 ppm - 113 days 1 300 ppm.- 113 days ; 1000 ppm - 113 days 3000 ppm - 12 days i S 100 mg/kg - 15 days 2,4-D \ X 2."-D 2,M-D 2,4,5-T /-I*',. ^ Rabbit Injected W. 0. Dog iv Dog { (fb 1' 7 500 mg/kg - . 3 days M .500^mg/kg - 2 days. i'1000"mq/kg - 3 days yt 50 mg/kg - 4-13 doses V^lOO mg/kg - 3 - 7 doses 25 mg/kg/day - 6 days 50 mg/kg/day - 2-3 days 10 mg/kgB 5 times/week, 90 days 20 mg/kg, 5 times/week, 90 days Effects. Ifo:effects No effects Decreased growth cloudy swelling of liver Deaths No effects No effects Toxic effects deaths Toxic effects sacrificed Some pathology of liver, kidney, 61 tract Ho effects Decreased appetite -. Death Nothing remarkable, some kidney degeneration hyperphasis of bone marrow, decreased hgb Decreased hgb, degenera tion of kidney, hyper phasis of spleen, lymphoid, C bone marrow Bleeding gums, leg ulcers 2/2 deaths Do effects Deaths .Reference Rowe Mynas Am J. Vdt Med - 1954 : Ibid ' * Ibid Hill Carlisle J I Hyg Tox - 1917 ft Ibid * Drill Hiratzka Arch I Hyg Occ Red - 1953 I*" *;/4 y T ' fiajc /fc . ACUTE TOXICITY OF PURPLE Orni gn/kg Rat ib it * nc '12.5 7.5 6.25 5.0 3.75 3.13 2.50 1.88 1.25 0.94 0.75 0.63 - 0.50 0.47 0.38 ' 0.31 0.25 ' 0.16 0.125 0.08 ..m 4/4 - - . 5/6 - - - 6/8 - *- 2/6 - - - 0/0 - 6/6 - - - 6/6 * - 0/6 - 7/7 - -, - 10/10 - 1 0/6 - 7/10 '- 8/10 - - ` 6/10 6/10 - 4/10 - 2/6 - - 0/10 - - 0/10 - 1/6 - - 1/10 - - 1/10 - 0/6 - - 2/10 - - 0/10 /6 - - -- Dcatr\ s Rabbit ID it DC . - - - 3/6 8/10 2/6 3/8 - - - - - -- 0/6 1/5 - - 0/6 - - 0/6 0/6 -- - 0/6 -- ' 0/6 . - - 2/8 0/6 0/6 1/6 0/6 - 0/6 -. *" - - io - 3/4 0/4 0/4 - Don . it DC -_ 2/4 1/4 0/4 - -. - 0/4 0/4 - 0/4 - \ i I Appendix c Table 3 rn F V .I n :m w '. -- Vi _ I Tome it? c? ruins j o Specie3 Rats Rabbits Do&s Rats Robbita Eat* Rabbits R0 33 Rets Babbits Do^s Rats . Route - - - IP is It pc 13>0 --- ---- iA3/k3 kjo 1130 : 553 US ' <25 519 550 35a toco '* I3 3 O > ir-50 P (clothed) >12,599 f i * II i I i i iii i