Document 93wLg88Za3Gwy3LL7qGZ0Z8MV

URL 14487 Marvinol PVC Plastisol blending resins r reduce costs, enhance processing properties. U.S.RUBBER URL 14488 4 What MarvinofPVC blending resins are designed to do. URL 14489 The use of PVC resins designed specifically for vino! 24PL. Each serves a specific function as de blending with plastisol and organosol resins has tailed in this bulletin. reached a position of high importance. In characterising blending resins the particular res Although blending resins have been used for many in properties considered differ somewhat from those years their use was generally confined to slush and rotational molding applications. Now blending res ins have found their way into a variety of other ap used in evaluating dispersion resins. Typical properties of Marvinol blending resins follow: plications as well. These include foam-cloth lami nates, coated cloth, organosols for flooring, spray coating ofmetal and others. Of course a major advantage in the use of such blending resins is cost reduction. Although impor tant, this by no means is their sole function. Blending resins also provide viscosity reduction, air release en hancement, a gelation temperature adjustment capa bility, film dryness, gloss reduction and other fea tures ofsound technical consequence. Three Marvinol resins have been designed for this work. These are Marvinol 10, Marvinol 15 and Mar- Property Polymer Marvinol 10 Marvinol 24PL Marvinol 15 PVC PVC pvc Specific viscosity (1) ASTM oil absorption (2) 0.52 0.63 0.30 0.50 0.30 0.50 Bulk density, lbs/ft-' 24 32 32 Specific gravity 1.40 1.40 1.40 Screen analysis (not cumulative) 70 mesh trace tract' - 100 mesh 1 2 trace 140 mesh 57 1 200 mesh 20 <l) ASTM-D 1243-60: 12) A STM D 211-31 25 6 UNIROYAL registered trademark for its polyvinyl chloride, resins and compounds. S URL 14490 4 ri Marvinol PVC blending resins are useful in a wide variety of applications. lURL 4491 Plastisol systems are used in a wide variety of high temperature chemically blown foam type com ways. Each blending resin has its areas of maximum pounds. Its molecular weight is ideal for this. It is suitability. generally used in blends with Marvinol 53 and re Marvinol 10 is one of the earliest known homo places as much as 50% of the dispersion resin with polymers as well as the highest molecular weight out any loss in foam quality. plastisol blending resin available to the plastisol in Marvinol 24PL has also proved its worth in ap dustry. It is used in blends with dispersion grade res plications where major properties sought are viscos ins such as Marvinol 51 at levels generally between ity reduction, improved air release and an increase 30 and 50%. in gelation temperature by comparison with those Fused films based on resin blends containing Mar properties available from the dispersion resin alone. vinol 10 are characterized by very high physical Marvinol 15 blended with dispersion resins such strength, a dry, leather-like hand, and excellent hot as Marvinol 50 is used in cloth coating work where tear strength. the controlled particle size of Marvinol 15 enables Marvinol 10 also reduces viscosity, enhances air compounds to be satisfactorily paint milled and release and lowers gelation temperature. All these spread coated, especially in lighter gage coatings. | features combine to make Marvinol 10 virtually Marvinol 15 is also used for glosTcontrol. Again the sole blending resin used in the slush and rota- its controlled particle size allows for the develop tionaliy molding fields for many years. ment of non-grainy dull finish coatings for paper Marvinol 24PL is used principally in the popular and cloth. 5 5,000 Brookfield viscosity in centipoises (Sp. #5,5 rpm). 10,000 15,000 20,000 9 25,000 Severs viscosity in poises (100 psi). 60 120 180 240 300 A. 100% dispersion resin. B. 70% dispersion resin, 30% Marvinoi 10. C. 50% dispersion resin, 50% Marvinoi 10. D. 70% dispersion resin, 30% Marvinoi 15 or 24PL E. 50% dispersion resin, 50% Marvinoi 15 or 24PL Dispersion resin 1 -- Blending resin / DOP 60 . 6 Marvinol blending resins reduce f high and low shear viscosities. A simple dispersion resin recipe with 60 phr DOP is customarily used to describe the rheological prop erties of a plastisol resin. This recipe is also useful in measuring the effect of blending resins on the rheol ogy ofa plastisol. The graphs at left and below show Marvinol blend ing resins imparting notable reductions in the low and high shear visoosity properties of plastisol com pounds as measured with Brookfield and Severs vis cometers. This reduction in viscosity is an essential requirement for many plastisol processes. This is par ticularly true in slush and rotational casting and rig id plastisol molding work. The graph on left below shows the marked re duction in low shear viscosity associated with the use of Marvinol blending resins over a wide range of low shear rates. This reduced viscosity at low shear is essential for the compound to have sufficient fluidity to reproduce fine detail of a mold in slush and rotational casting. Graph on right below illust rates the initial and aged viscosity properties of compounds containing Marvinol blending resins. URL 14493 a 50:50 blend tfiv v v 'ttjn Marvinol blending resins enhance ( the air release properties of a plastisol. URL 14495 The ability of a plastisol to spontaneously release entrained air is of paramount importance in all ap plications and particularly so in slush and rotational molding. Marvinol blending resins enchance the ability of a compound to release entrained air rapidly. Some typical data shown in the following table illustrate this. is measured from the instant the tester leaves the plastisol until the film breaks over a previously desig nated hole. Film rupture time correlates with a plastisol's ability to spontaneously release air bubbles. Specifications for the Hufftester are given below. Resins Huff air release time (seconds) Marvinol 51 14 Marvinol 51/Marvinol 10* 10 Marvinol 51/Marvinol 15* 9 Marvinol 51/Marvinol 24PL* a 70:30 blend. 6 The Huff air release tester used above is a conve nient apparatus by which the air release properties of a plastisol may be measured. A Huff air release tester is shown in the photo at left. This apparatus measures the time required to break a plastisol film formed over holes of various sizes drilled into a metal cylinder. Wet film strength, dynamic surface tension and plastisol viscosity are some of the theoretical factors involved in air release. Operation of the Huff tester is quite simple. The instrument is immersed in the plastisol, rotated sev eral times and then withdrawn. The time in seconds -- 1/2' -- 1/32" steel ) O O Ooo Side view End\iew Hole sizes in inches 3/8,5/16,1/4,3/16,5/32.1/8.3/32.1/16.3/64.1/32 URL 14496 10 Marvinol blending resins can raise or lower ( a plastisol s gelation temperature. URL 14497 As a plastisol is heated its viscosity decreases at first, reflecting the reduction in plasticizer viscosity with the increase in temperature. This viscosity drop is short-lived however, as the solvating effects of the plasticizer on the resin begins to manifest itself, i.e., the viscosity rises rapidly and continues until a gelled state is reached. This series of events is a function of both time and temperature. Plastisol gelation is util ized in the development of wall thickness in the molding of vinyl boots where the plastisol is first subjected to a slushing stage in a heated mold. In the hot dipping of glass aerosol bottles or plating racks, the item to be coated is preheated and dipped into the plastisol to develop a sufficiently heavy coating. This coating is retained when the bottle or rack is withdrawn. The ungelled plastisol drains from the object and the gelled material is then fused. There are several techniques by which the gelation properties of a plastisol are characterized. One of these utilizes a Gel Plate technique as shown in photo at left. Here a film of plastisol is cast on a heated aluminum panel. After a period of one minute, a paper strip is lightly pressed onto the plastisol and stripped off. Where the plastisol has gelled, the paper does not adhere to the plastisol and strips clean. Where the plastisol is still in a liquid or tacky state, the plastisol sticks to the paper. When the paper is pulled away, the transition between the gelled and ungelled state is well-defined on the plastisol. A sur face pyrometer measures the plate temperature at this point and this measurement is taken as the gela tion temperature. Specifications for fabricating a gel plate are show n below. Marvinol blending resins alter the gelation prop erties of a plastisol. Data below- show's the effect of Marvinol 10 in reducing gelation temperature. In contrast Marvi nol 15 and 24PL raise the gelation temperature of the unmodified compound. Marvinol 51 Marvinol 51/10(70:30) Marvinol 51/15 or 24PL (70:30) DOP60ohr DOPfe60phr DOP $ 6n phr 165 F 155 F 180 F Since the higher molecular weight Marvinol 10 produces a lower gelation temperature than the lower molecular weight Marvinol 1-5 or 24PL it is obvious that there is no direct relationship between molecular weight and gelation. The fusion temperature of a homopolymer system is not altered by the use of blending resins. Major application properties of Marvinol 10, Marvinol 24PL, Marvinol 15. URL 14498 Marvinoll 0. The physical strength of a fused plastisol is related to the molecular weight of the dispersion resin and blending resin used. Marvinol 10 is the highest mo lecular weight blending resin available. Also, its mo lecular weight is equivalent to and even slightly high er than virtually all dispersion resins now available. Thus, by contrast with other blending resins, there is no loss in the physical strength of a fused film con taining Marvinol 10 used in any proportion with dispersion resin. The graph at right illustrates the tensile strength development of an all dispersion res in system and a blend containing 30% Marvinol 10. The use of Marvinol 10 also produces a "dryness of hand,'' or slip property useful in footwear pro duced by slush casting. Here the coarser solvated resin particles can be shown to form a microscopically irregular air surface on the plastisol casting thus providing a non-tacky surface. i: i ) URL 14499 Marvinol 24PL A dispersion grade resin designed specifically for chemically blown foam, i.e. using Celogen AZ or Celogen OT, is Marvinol 53. Its major success in this area results from its con trolled molecular weight designed to optimize foam quality and physical strength. Marvinol 24PL is a blending resin designed to work with Marvinol 53 in foam. It is used in blends with Marvinol 53 up to a 50o replacement. Low temperature foam compounds based on Mar vinol 51 and Nitrosan (DuPont) also use Marvi nol 24PL to advantage. Here gelation temperature ofthe compound is critical. It must be higher than the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent to enable the compound to completely expand before gelation occurs. Marvinol 24PL with its property of increasing the gelation temperature of a plastisol is well suited for this type of foam also. ft UNIROYAL registered trademark for its blowing tgeni. Marvinol 15. In spread coating work the ability of a blending resin to lower compound cost is its primary function. To do so however, a blending resin must possess a particle size such that the compound will properly coat under a knife or through a roll coaler without coarse particles becoming lodged and damaging the coating. Marvinol 15 provides such a resin. Where a dull finish is desired, e.g. coated paper or flooring, Marvinol 15 with its controlled particle size provides a dull, uniform sheen, free of coarse particles. Degree ofgloss reduction may be controlled by the relative amount of Marvinol 15 used plus fusion heat, i.e. higher fusion temperatures, tend to flux-in the blending resin and thus increase gloss. Where it is customary to process a plastisol through a three roll paint mill as part of the com pounding procedure Marvinol 15 processes through the mill without particle hang-up in the nip of the rolls as is the case with coarser blending resins. 13 There are eight Marvinol plastisol resins for use with Marvinol 10,15 and 24 PL. 1 URL 14500 In addition to Marvinol blending resins, UNIROYAL CHEMICAL can supply any of the following dispersion grade resins, with more to come in the future. All meet the sophisticated requirements of the vinyl industry, Marvinol 50 Marvinol 51 An all-purpose PVC plastisol and organosol dispersion resin. Readily stirred into plasticizers to form plastisols with low Brookfield and Severs viscosity properties. Excellent for cloth coating and flooring w here high physi cal strength and high gloss are desired. Readily stirred into plasticizers to form plastisols with low Brookfield viscosity and outstanding air release properties. Excellent for slush molding, rotational casting, chemically blown plastisol foam. Marvinol 53 Varvinoi 55(X 6116) Readily stirred into plasticizers to form plastisols of outstanding quality with respect to chemically blown foam. Also well-suited to processing conditions requiring reduced gelation time, low viscosity and excellent air release, e.g. slush molding, rotational casting, hot and cold dipping, etc. A stir-in copolymer dispersion resin designed for lower fusion temperature applications. High viscosity and rapid gelation features control cloth penetration. Marvinol 56 A stir-in copolymer plastisol resin combining low Brookfield and Severs viscosity properties with rapid gel ation and low fusion temperature properties. Ideally suited for a wide variety of plastisol casting, molding, and adhesive applications, where a combination of low temperature fusion and low application viscosity is requir ed for more rapid processing or in the coating of heat sensitive substrates, Marvinol 57 A stir-in copolymer dispersion with uniquely low-viscosity properties combined with low-fusion temperatures. Marvinol X 6085 Marvinol X 6215S A stir-in homopolymer with uniquely low viscosity properties. Also provides excellent gloss control. A plastisol resin that's well-adapted to high plasticizer level compounds where high viscosity and yield are re quired to develop strike-through resistance. Excellent for chemically blown foam. 14 Starting point formulations based on Marvinol dispersion and blending resins. URL 14501 These formulations are based on Marvinol disper selection of blending resin is based on the Marvinol sion and Marvinol blending resins. In each case, the resin best equipped to handle the specific application. Applications -----> Marvinol $0 Marvinol 51 Marvinol 53 Marvinol X 6085 Marvinol 10 Marwnol 15 Marvinol 24PL DOP DCP Epoxt plasticizer Extender plasticizer Ba, Cd. Zn stabilizer Stabilizer foam activator Dytha) Naphtha Celogen A2 Niirosan Slush and rotational molding 60 40 30 35 5 3 Lou gloss paper A cloth coating 70 30 55 5 3 Foam (high tem perature) 60 40 95 5 3 2 Foam (low tem perature) 70 30 95 5 3 4 Foam (pressure molded) - 60 40 65 5 3 20 Semi-rigid molding 70 30 30 5 5 3 i Hot : dipping 1 1 I 60 1 40 | 1 55 5 3 4 If you'd like more information about our products venient to you. Or if you prefer, write directly to our please call or write the district sales office most con division headquarters. Division headquarters: UNIROYAL CHEMICAL. Naugatuck. Connecticut 203-729-5241 Northeast To contact Naugatuck from Boston To contact Naugatuck from New Jersey -326-6000 -846-9100 To contact Naugatuck from Philadelphia -368-6445 District sales offices: Akron Chicago Dallas UNIROYAL CHEMICAL, 1815 West Market Street, Akron, Ohio 443)3 UNIROYAL CHEMICAL. 4135 South Pulaski Rd., Chicago. Illinois 60632 UNIROYAL CHEMICAL. 1011 Regal Row. Dallas, Texas 75247 216-864-2145 312-254-5700 214-631-23)0 Dalton Detroit Gastonia Los Angeles UNIROYAL CHEMICAL, P. O. Box 371. Dalton, Georgia 30720 UNIROYAL CHEMICAL, 4500 Enterprise Drive, Allen Park. Michigan 48101 UNIROYAL CHEMICAL. 214 West Ruby Avenue, Gastonia, North Carolina 28053 UNIROYAL CHEMICAL, 5901 Telegraph Road. Los Angeles. California 90022 404-278-1911 313-274-3700 704-864-3411 213-723-9971 Foreign sales offices: New York UNIROYAL International, 1230 Avenue of the Americas, New York 10020 212-247-5000 Cable address: UNIROYAL. New York The recommendation! for the use of our products arc based on tests believed to be reliable. However, we do not guarantee the results to be obtained by others under different conditions. Nothing in this brochure is intended as s recommendation to use our products so as to infringe on any patent. 15