Document 93YbgjdmV4OQYenzvemy7wgV7
DDT In Hater. * Bibliography
Office of Hater Beeources Research, Washington,
Scientific Inforaation Center.
53931.1
FLD: 13B, 6F, 680, 57H USGRDR7223
OCt 71 283p*
REPT NO! HRS1C-71-211
BONITOR: H72-1M431
D.C.
Hater Resources
ABSTRACT: The bibliography on DOT in water contains 196 abstracts with full bibliographic details for selected reports, journal articles, and various docusents published aostly since 1967. Produced froa a computerized inforaation base containing 32,719 abstracts at the tiae of search, the bibliography is representative of the inforaation on DDT in water contained ' in the journal 'Selected Hater Resources Abstracts' through October 15, 1971 (Voluae U, Nusber 20). a
significant descriptor index is given of representative weighted terns that best describe the inforaation content of the abstracted iteas. A coaprehensive index is also given that represents all descriptors and
Identifiers used to index the various papers and docuaents represented by the abstracts in the bibliography. (Author)
DESCRIPTORS: (`Water pollution, *DDT), (`Bibliographies, IDT),
Adsorption, Algae, Toxicology, Hater analysis. Aquatic plants. Aquatic anisals. Fishes, Chlorine organic coapounds, Dieldrin, Ecology, Insecticides, Phosphorus organic acid esters
IDENTIFIERS: DDD pesticide, DDE pesticide, Heptachlor, Hater pollution effects (Plants), Hater pollution effects (Anisals), Biphenyl/chloro
PB-212 262 NTIS Prices: PC*3.00/HF0.95
43
HONS 054401
Sewage Sludge incineration
Rnvironaental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.
A5G7WF1
FLD: 13B, 68D, 68C, 68A 0SGRDR7219
Aug 72 95p*
REFT NO: EPA-R2-72-090
PROJECT: IPA-B-120U3
RONITOR: 872-12631
(340 139)
ABSTRACT: The report presents the findings of a Task Force which vas established to evaluate sludge incineration as an acceptable alternative to ocean disposal. Rultiple-hearth and fluidized bed furnaces, containing scrubbing devices for particulate reeoval, were selected for perforaance evaluation. The sludge, particulate, stack gas, scrubbing liguid, and ash were saepled and analyzed for heavy netals, pesticides, and oxides of nitrogen and sulfur. The results indicated that incinerators are capable of achieving low enission concentrations for the cosson pollutants. Particulate saaples shoved a
Measurable concentration of lead. The ash saaples nornally shoved a higher concentration of the heavy netals vhen conpared vith the sludge saaples. The pesticides and PCS results indicated conplete destruction.
DESCRIPTORS: ('Sludge disposal, 'Incinerators), ('Savage treataent. Sludge disposal), Fluidized bed processors, Furnaces, Air pollution control equipnent. Waste disposal. Air pollution, water pollution. Oceans, Perforaance evaluation. Abatement, Metals, Pesticides, Trace eleaents. Particles, Sulfur dioxide, Nitrogen oxides. Lead, Mercury, Chlorine organic coapounds. Scrubbers, Ashes, coabustion products
IDENTIFIERS: 'Air pollution control, 'Water pollution abateaent, 'Solid waste disposal, ocean vaste disposal, Biphenyl/chloro
PD-211 323 NTIS Prices: PCJ3.OO/BFS0.95
44 HONS 054402
Nonconbustible Hydraulic Fluids
roreign Technology'Div., Mr ight-Patterson AFB, Ohio.
AUTHOR: HyBka, Karol
A9765E3
FLD: 11H, 71K USGRDR7216
3 Har 70 lip
RIPT NO: FTD-HT-23-10U-70
PROJECT: FTD-7230178
Edited trans. of Ropa a tlhlie (Czechoslovakia) vll
by H. Peck. Distribution Lisitation now Reaoved.
(191 bOl>) n3 p 159- 162
1969,
ABSTRACT: Czech fire-resistant hydraulic fluids, based eainly on
chlorinated byphenyl, are discussed. The properties and applications of these fluids are compared with Radius pydraul F-9. (Author)
DESCRIPTORS: (`Hydraulic fluids, `Halogenated hydrocarbons), ( `Diphenyl, Hydraulic fluids). Viscosity, Fire resistant aaterials. Chlorine compounds, Czechoslovakia, Translations
IDENTIFIERS: Chlorine arena tic coapounds
AD-86B 956 NTIS Prices: PCE3.00/HFJ0.95
45
HONS 054603
rolychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and Belated Chlorophenyls: Health and Environment. I. Bibliography --1881-1971
Effects or,
Oak Ridge National Lab., Tenn. Toxicology
Center.
AUTHOR: Quinby, Griffith E.
A4551E3
FID: 6P, 6T, 1JB, 68A, 68D, 57H, 57y
Apt 72 141p*
REPT NO: TIRC-1, ORNl-EIS-72-20
Information USGRDR7214
Response
ABSTRACT: Medical and public health interest in polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in the United States was seager betore 1970. The expanding literature since then has reflected the realization of the iaportance of these substances as environeental pollutants. The analytical confusion of PCB with DDT and other chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides prior to 1969 is of special interest. The concern over PCB3 was heightened in 1971 by the recognition of gross contamination of certain anieal feeds and of trace contamination of some human foods. The 870 articles cited in this bibliography are believed to cover the majority of articles in all languages available through January, 1972. (Author)
descriptors: (*Air pollution, chlorine aromatic compounds), (*Chlorine aromatic compounds, 'Bibliographies), (`Water pollution. Chlorine aromatic compounds). Biphenyl, Chromatographic analysis. Toxicology, Insecticides, Biochemistry, Food contamination. Public health. Ecology , Lubricating oils. Insulating oil
IDENTIFIERS: `Biphenyl/chloro
PB-209 944 NTIS Prices: PC*3.00/MF*0.95
4G
HONS 054404
The Mass Spectra of Polychlorinated Biphenyls
National Research Council of Canada Halifax (Nova Scotia) Atlantic
Regional Lab (045500)
AUTHOR: Safe, S., Hutzinger, O.
A4491C1
FI.D: 70, 59G USGHDR7214
17 Sep 71 7p
Availability: Pub. in Jnl. of the Chemical Society, pbB5-69l 1972.
ADSTRACT: The ease spectra of several di- and tetra-chlorobiphenyls suggested randomization of chlorine over both phenyl rings in the molecular ion prior to fragsentation. The exceptions, 2,2'- and 2,6-dichloro-, 2,2',4,4'-,2,2',5,5'-, 2,3,5,6-, and 2,2',6,6*-tetrachloro-biphenyls, all contain tvo or lore chlorine atoms ortho to the
Ph--Ph bond and their metastable ion intensities which result from the It to M - C12 reaction are markedly different from those of the other isoners. The primary ion spectra of most isomeric compounds are
similar, with successive losses of Cl radical from the molecular ion. This process is often accompanied by expulsion of RC1 from the lover
chlorine homologues. The ion kinetic energy spectra of the di- and tetra-chlorolsomers confirm the suggested fragmentation pathways. (Author)
DESCRIPTORS: (*Diphenyl, Bass spectrum), (`Halogenated hydrocarbons,
Bass spectrum). Chlorine compounds. Gas ionization, Chemical bonds. Dissociation, Canada
IDENTIFIERS: `Chlorine aromatic compounds, `Biphenyl/chloro
AD-742 588 NTIS Price: Not available NTIS
L
47 HONS 054605
PCBs and the Environment
Int erdepartaental Task Force on PCBs, Washington, D.C.
Final rept.
A42 IttJl
FLD: 138, 6F, 6T, 68A, 68D, 571, 57H, 65D, 570, 86A
USG8DR7211
20 Mar 72 192p*
REPT NO: ITF-PCD-72-1
ABSTRACT: The report is the product of a six aonth review of the
cheaicals known as PCBs--polychlorinated biphenyls--by five Federal
agencies, with participation by other agencies. The task force Bade
nine findings, conclusions, and recoaeendations, ptiaarily pointing
out that PCBs should be restricted to essential or nonreplaceable uses
which would minimize the likelihood of human exposure or leakage to
the environnent.
Supplementing the 20-page report are eight
appendices detailing current knowledge about various aspects of PCBs,
including their use and replaceability; occurrence, transfer, and
cycling in the environnent; occurrence and sources in food; and PCBs
effects on nan and aniaals. (Author)
DESCRIPTORS: ('chlorine aroaatic coapounds, 'Pollution), ('Air pollution. Chlorine aroaatic coapounds), ('Water pollution. Chlorine aroaatic coapounds), ('Toxicology, Chlorine aromatic coapounds). Environmental surveys, insulating oil. Industrial wastes. Lubricant
additives, Plasticizers, Biphenyl, Public health, Econoalc factors, Govarnnent policies, Chemical properties. Food, Epideaiology, Huaans, Aniaals, Ecology
IDENTIFIERS: 'Biphenyl/chloro
COM -72-10U19 NT IS Prices: PC*6.00/(IF*0.95
48 HONS 059406
PCB in water: A Bibliography
Office of Hater Resources Research, Washington,
Scientific inforsation Center,
A3B01A<I
FID: 13B, 6P, 68D, 57H 0SGRDR7207
Jan 72 3p* REFT NO: HRSIC-72-201 MONITOR: H72-04439
D.c.
Hater Resources
ABSTRACT: The bibliography contains a collection of 25 abstracts for selected reports and journal articles published in 1969, 1970, and 1971 on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). The abstracts include full
bibliographical citations and a set of descriptors fros the Hater
Resources Thesaurus. A significant descriptor index is given of representative weighted terns that best describe the inforsation content of the abstracted itens.
DESCRIPTORS: (*Water pollution, *Chlorine organic coapounds), ( * Bibliographies, Hater pollution), (`Pesticides, Hater pollution), Insecticides, Chlorine aronatic coapounds. Biphenyl, Aquatic biology.
Hater analysis. Plasticizers, Oceans, Industrial wastes. Toxicology, Biodeterioration, DDT, Dieldrin, Ecology
IDENTIFIERS: `Biphenyl/chloro, `Hater pollution effects (Aniaals), Hater pollution detection
PD-206 534 NTIS Prices: PCS3.00/NFS0.95
49
HONS 054407
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in the Narine Environment
National Academy of Sciences-National Research
E.c, committee on Oceanography. (091 500)
U41SL2
FLD: 6F, 8B, 68D, 57H, 78 USGRDR7203
197 1 U7p`
PROJECT: EPA-WUO-16070
H0NIT0R: EPA-WQO-16070-00/7 1
Council,
Washington,
ABSTRACT: The report discusses the fact that the oceans are the
ultimate
accumulation 3ite for the persistent chlorinated
hydrocarbons.
The report presents material to support its
recommendations: A massive effort should be made immediately to check
the escape of persistent toxicants into the environment; Rates of
entry of each pollutant into the marine environment be determined: and
The lavs relatinq to the registration of chemical substances and the
release of production figures by the government be examined.
DESCRIPTORS: (`Water pollution, `Insecticides), (`Chlorine organic
compounds,
Water
pollution),
(`Oceans,
water pollution).
Recommendations, DDT, Ecology, Biphenyl, Ocean currents. Fishes, Birds
, marine biology
IDENTIFIERS: Biphenyl/chloro
PB-2d4 718 NTIS Prices: PC$3.00/BF$0.95
50 MONS 0Shh08
Tbe Use and Disposal of Electrical Insulating Liquids
National Industrial Pollution Control Council, Washington, D.C,
sub-council rept.
A2402T3
FID:' 1JB, 11H, 6BD, 71K, 86A USC.RDR7115
Jun 71 23p
papar copy available Cron GPO SO.25/copy as 5254-0028.
ABSTRACT: Electrical insulating liquids (EIL), their application and disposal were studied against a background of slailati intornation tslating to pretroleua products in total. Naphthenic aineral oils are found to coaprise over 80 percent by volune of the total usage of EIL. Polybutenes are second, at alaost 10 percent. Thus, 90 percent of EIL are petroleua-based. Being relatively non-toxic and biodegradable, they represent no environsental threat when subjected to conventional
secondary waste treataent. Furtheraore, assistance in reclaiaing or
proper disposal of used aineral oils can usually be obtained froa the suppliers of these products. The third largest-voluae EIL group is the askarels, or polychlorobiphenyls. This group has soae toxic properties and contains aeabers which havo recently becoae suspect ecologically. Accordingly, the report contains reeonnendations regarding the control and disposition of askarels. (Author)
DESCRIPTORS: (`Insulating oil, `Baste disposal), (`nineral oils. Baste
disposal), (`Chlorine aroaatic coapounds. Baste disposal). Electric
insulation, rcology, Water pollution, Toxicology, Naphthalene,
Biphenyl,
Decoaposition,
Nater
pollution,
Incinerators,
Reeonnendations
IDENTIFIERS: `Water pollution control
COM-71-.50247 NTIS Prices: PC-GPO/HFIO.95-NTIS
51
HONS 054409
INTERaUREMJ BY-LINES. VOLUME 6, NUMBER 6
Pood and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. (140 700)
AUTHOR: Reynolds, Helen i., Falser, Dancy J., Kovach, Laura A,, Blair,
Alberta E., Mahoney, Dorothy H.
A0633K3
FLD: 60, 6H. 7D, 6M, 57Q, 52D, 59A, 57K, 57Y USGRDR/017
May 70 57p*
REFT NO: Consecutive-36
See also volume 6, No. 5, PB-190 961,
ABSTRACT: Contents: Collaborative study of the determination ot ammonia as an index of decomposition in crabaeat; Spectrofluorometnc determination of Rauwolfia serpentina tablets and whole root; Application of neutron activation analysis to food products: A bibliography; Polarographlc determination of nitrates in aqueous media containing nitrites; correlation of organoleptic evidence with pH, volatile bases, and indole as indices of decomposition in raw, frozen shrimp; Differential effects of DDT and polychlorinated biphenyls on
the central nervous system; Microbiological contamination bibliography (Continued); Coaulative index to interbureau By-Lines, Vols. 1-6,
DESCRIPTORS: (`Food, `Degradation), (`Seafood, Chemical analysis), ( `Radioactivation analysis. Food) , (`Nitrates, `Poiarographic analysis)
, (*DDI, Central nervous system), (`Biological contaaination, `Bibliographies), (`Rauwolfia alKaloids, Spectroscopy), Halogenated hydrocarbons. Diphenyl, Amaonia, chlorine compounds. Phenols, Reserpine, Indexes, Crustacea, Insecticides, Hicroorganisas
identifiers: `Crabs, `Shrimps, `Neutron activation analysis, `Chlorine aromatic coapounds, Rauwolfia serpentina, Fluoroaetrlc analysis, `Spectroscopic analysis
PB-192 766 CFSTI Prices: HCS3.00 MFS0.65
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. Franklin Inst. Research labs., Philadelphia, Pa. {142 9261
F inal rapt. AUTHOR: Blair. John F. Jr. C1672L3 FLD: SC, 96'. WK . 15 Oct 73 ^103p
REPT NO: FIRlF*C3431 PROJECT: EDA-99-6-09281 MONITOR: EDA-73-048
USGRDR7324
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HONS 05**18
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MONS 05*920
- 17 -
minute did deaths ooour among the guinea pigs and mloe (Table 4). In the experiments in which the duration of exposure was 3*5 hours, fatalities ooourred among guinea pigs and mloe when the liquid was delivered at 267 mg. per minute, but all of the guinea pigs and mloe survived when the rate was 11(5 mg. per minute. The responses of mloe were somewhat inconsistent, sinoe some of them died when the Gargoyle was delivered at 70 mg. per minute. '..'hen the liquid was delivered at the rate of 70 mg. or more per minute, a fog resulted that induoed deaths among the rats. Some of the rabbits also died in oonsequenoe of these conditions exoept in the experiment in whioh the rate of delivery was 11*5 mg, per minute when all survived (Table 4). All of the animals died, with the exoeption of one guinea pig, when they were exposed for 7 hours to the fog induoed by the delivery of the material at the rate of 123 mg. per minute.
As the temperature of the Inoonel tube was elevated to 1050 F. and higher, the fog (and smoke at the higher temperatures) so generated beoame progressively loss toxio. The data in Tables 5 and 6 give the details of the several experiments. The death of the animals in Experiment No. 1 (Table 6) is attributed largely to the high temperature to whioh they wore subjootod. .
It is apparent from the data of Tables 4 and 5. that, in the experiments in whioh the Qargoylo was dropped upon
HONS 054531
- lg -
Inoonel heated to {SOO F. and 1050 F., respectively, the rabbits were more susoeptible, in terms of over-all mortality, than rats, whloh in turn were more susoeptible than mloe and guinea pigs.
The mortality in the several groups of guinea pigs, mloe, rabbits and rats exposed to the fogs arising from oontaot with Inoonel at f$00 F, is plotted logarithmioally in relation to the severity of exposure in Figures 6, 7, g and 9, respectively. In these graphs, the duration of eaoh exposure in hours is plotted along the axis of the abscissae and the corresponding rates of delivery of Gargoyle into the Inoonel tube in milligrams per minute along the axis of ordinates. Accordingly, the looation of a point anywhere on suoh a graph indicates the severity of exposure, as expressed in terms of the rate at whioh the Gargoyle was added to the Inconel and the duration of the exposure of the animals to the fogs. The outoome of eaoh experiment, in terms of mortality among the animals, has been represented by a olrole, the extent to whioh eaoh olrole is filled lndloatlng the percentage of animals that died under the indicated conditions.
In Figures 6 to 9, two lines, almost parallel, have been drawn. The one to the left separates non-lethal conditions of exposure from those associated with the death of some, but not all, of the group, while the one
HOMS 05*532
19 -
to the right separates the latter from uniformly lethal oondltionB of exposure. The few notable exoeptlons (guinea pigs, Experiment No. 13, mloe, Experiment No. 15, and rabbits, Experiment No. 10) may have been the result of blologloal variation or, possibly, of an inconstanoy in the oonoentration of the fog. The slopes of these lines are from If}" to 21* for guinea pigs and mloe (Figures 6 and 7), 27 to 32* for rabbits (Figure &), and 55" and 56* for rats (Figure 9) When the elope Is 45, the law of Haber holds, that is, the oonoentration multiplied by the duration of exposure (time) equals a oonstant. This means that oonoentration and time are equally Important faotors in the determination of the lethal limits, Yfhen the slope is less than 45,.as in Figures 6, 7 and S (guinea pigs, mloe and rabbits), the oonoentration is more Important than time, and when it is greater than 45, as in Figure 9 (rats), time is more Important than the oonoentration in tho determination of the lethal limits.
The findings, when guinea pigs, mice, rabbits and rats were exposed to the fog arising at 1050 F., are glvon in Figures 10, 11, 12 and 13, respectively. In those graphs only one line, that whioh separates nonlothal conditions of exposure from those assooiatod with doath of either some or all of a group, has been drawn.
HONS 084533
20 -
Comparisons of the mortality among guinea pigs, mioe, rabbits and rats, subjected to fogs formed at ($00 F. and 1050' F., are given In Tables 10 to 13. Under the less severe conditions of exposure, in general, the toxiolty of the fogs formed at ($00 and 1050 F. seemed to differ but little, but as the conditions beoame more severe the toxiolty of the fog formed at {$00 F. beoame more appar ent. All of a group of 15 animals died, following their exposure for 3.5 hours to the fog formed when 267 mg. of Gargoyle per minute were dropped into the Inoonel tube at ^00 F. (Experiment No. 6); however, only 13 of the 15 animals died as the result of their exposure over the period of 6.17 hours, when 2t$0 mg. per minute were dropped upon the Inoonel at 1050 F. (Experiment No. 3) Like wise, all of the members of a group of 15 animals died after being subjeoted for 7.0 hours to fog arising when Gargoyle was delivered at the rate of 192 mg, per minute upon the tube heated to too F. (Experiment No. 5), but only 5 of the 15 animals died after the same period of oxposure to the fog generated by dropping the material at the rate of 1($1 mg. per mlnuto into the Inoonel tube heated to 1050 F. (Experiment No. ($).
It Is evident that the smoke resulting from oomplete burning of Gargoyle (Table 6) was muoh less toxio than the fog formed below the fire point (too F. - Table 4)
HONS 05*534
El -
or that formed when partial burning occurs (10J50 F. Table 5) Thirteen of 15 animals died when they were exposed for 6.17 hours to the fog formed by dropping 260 mg. per minute into the Inoonel at 1050 F. (Experiment No. 3). but only 4 of 15 animals died following their exposure to the smoke formed by dropping the material onto the Inoonel at almost twioe the rate (500 mg, per minute, Experiment No. 11).
Inhalation of the thermal deoompositlon produots of Gargoyle lnduoed (1) esoape reaotiona, suoh as pawing the nose and retracting the head, (8) irritation of the muoous membranes, with laorlmation, and (3) dyspnea.
Pathologlo Effeots. All of the animals were sub jected to routine postmortem examinations. The visoera of animals representative of eaoh speoles and of the various conditions of exposure were examined miorosoopioally. The toxlo degenerative lesions, of the visoera were the same regardless of the speoios of animal.
Group 1 (600* F.) Table 1. Guinea pigs, mioe, rab bits and rats (Experiments 5, 9 and 6) that died following inhalation of fogs formed from Gargoyle, had diffuse degeneration of the brain, heart, liver, kidneys and adrenal glands, Eaoh speoles exhibited a oharaoterletlo pulmonary lesion indicative of severe irritation. There was degeneration and neorosls of the epithelium within
HONS 054535
- 22
the primary, secondary ana part of the tertiary bronohi. The alveoli were filled with extravasated red blood cells and fluid. The endothelium of the alveolar oaplllaries was swollen, and the alveolar walls and septa were Infil trated with neutrophiles and eosinophils. A fibrinoid membrane lined some of the alveoli and terminal bronohioles. A guinea pig (B-6l, Experiment 9) that survived and was killed 22 days after that on whioh he had been subjected to exposure, had degeneration of the viscera and residua of the pulmonary lesion. The proximate oause of death in the animals of this group was aoute pulmonary damage.
In Experiments 10 and 15, guinea pigs had normal vlsoera and only slight pneumonitis; mioe, rats and rab bits had degeneration of the brain, liver and kidneys that persisted up to 13 days after that on whioh the exposure had ocourred. Rabbits and mioe that died (Experiment 15) had the previously desoribed pulmonary lesion. The rats had slight pneumonitis.
In the subsequent experiments, animals that died had severe pulmonary irritation and degeneration of the brain, liver and kidneys, and animals that survived had slight to moderate pneumonitis and normal visoera.
Group 2 (1050 F.) Tablo 2. In Experiment 5, animals of the 4 spooios that died had diffuse degeneration of the brain, heart, liver and kidneys, and a severe pulmonary
MONS 08*536
- 23 -
Irritation that was similar to that found in Group 1. It was oharaoterlaed by edema, hyperemia and neorosle of the bronohlal muoosa, A guinea pig and mouse survived and were killed 3 days after that on whioh the exposure had ooourred, The guinea pig had residual signs of degeneration of the liver and pneumonitis, whereas the visoera of the mouse were normal.
In the subsequent experiments, animals that died had diffuse degeneration of the brain, liver and kidneys and a diffuse "ohemioal" pneumonitis. Animals that survived had residual degeneration of the visoera whioh persisted for as long as 13 days afterward. Most of the animals had a slight degree of pneumonitis.
In Experiments 21 and 20 the visoera of all speoies were normal, and there was no pulmonary lesion.
Group 3. Table 3. All speoies that died exhibited diffuse degeneration of the brain, heart, liver and kid neys, and evidenoes of pulmonary Irritation, There was aoute pulmonary hyperemia end edema, and varying degrees of aoute bronohitis. Carbon partioles were found within the bronohi and alveoli. The pulmonary lesion differed from that observed in Groups 1 and 2. Animals of the various speoies that survived and were killed 7 or dayB later, had residual degenerative ohanges of the liver and kidneys, and a slight degree of pneumonitis.
HONS 054537
- 24 -
The pulmonary lesions induoed by the exposure of the animals to the produots of partial oombustion of tho material under study, were characterized by neorosls of the epithelium of the bronchial system and severe edema and hyperemia of the parenohyma of the lung. Evidence of injury to the blood vessels was manifested by swelling of the endothollal oells lining the vessels. In contrast, tho pulmonary lesions whioh resulted from the oomplote oombustion of tho oompound resulted in pulmonary hyperemia and edema and varying degrees of aoute bronohitis without any neorosis of the epithelium. There was oarbon pigment within the bronohi and alveoli, and associated with this there were maorophages phagooytizing tho oarbon. Tho former lesion was obviously one of severe irritation from the materials that were Inhaled, whereas the latter was one of mild irritation plus a reaotion to foreign material thot had been inhaled.
Composition of Fogs and Smoke to Whioh Animals Were Exposed. The atmospherlo concentrations of the various decomposition produots in the several experiments are given in Tables 7 to 9. In general, the concentrations of the oontaminants of the atmosphere were related to the rate at whioh the Gargoyle was added to tho tube, although there was some variability, particularly in the oaso of oarbon monoxide.
HONS 054538
- 25
When the Inconel was heated to <$00" F. (Table 7) the air in the ohamber contained total aldehydes, expressed as formaldehyde, In the oonoentratlons of 44 to 265 p.p.m., formaldehyde In the oonoentratlons of 7 to 6l p.p,m., oarbon monoxide in the oonoentratlons of 76 to 9(59 p.p.m., oarbon dioxide in the oonoentratlons of 1,191 to 5,729 p.p.m,, and total partioulate matter In the oonoentratlons of 0.24 to J,04 mg. per liter, of whloh 95.6 to 100.0 per oent was soluble in ether.
When the Inoonel was heated to 1050 F. (Table 6), lesser oonoentratlons of all the atraospherio oontaralnante, with the exoeptlon of oarbon dioxide, resulted as follows: total aldehydes, expressed as formaldehyde, 7 to 45 p.p.m.; formaldehyde, 1 to 1$ p.p.m.; oarbon monoxide, 39 to 35$ p.p.m.; oarbon aioxide, 1,62$ to 6,126 p.p.m.; and total partioulate matter, 0.13 to 0.66 mg. per liter, of whloh 73*2 to 97.0 per oent was soluble in ether.
Yfhen the Gargoyle was apparently ooneumed (Experi ments 2 and 11 - Table 9), the air in the ohamber con tained total aldehydes, expressed as formaldehyde, in the oonoentratlons of 11 to 15 p.p.m., formaldehyde in the oonoentratlons of 1.6 to 3.1 p.p.m., oarbon monoxide in the oonoentratlons of 316 to 335 p.p.m., oarbon dioxide in the oonoentratlons of 10,039 to 10,493 p.p.m., and total partioulate matter in the oonoentratlons of 0.047 to
HONS 0S4539
- 26 -
0.22 mg. per liter, of whloh 19.4 to 2(5.1 per oent was soluble in ether and 62.6 to 77*6 per oent was carbon blaok.
In general, more total aldehydes, formaldehyde and oarbon monoxide resulted from the oontaot of the material with the metal heated to 600 F. than to 10J>00 F. This was also true of the total partioulate matter, especially that whioh resulted from the delivery of the material upon the heated tube at the higher rates (Table 14). The con tent of oarbon dioxide did not appear to be related to tho temperature.
When the Gargoyle was apparently oonsumed by the oombustion, the concentrations of total aldehydes, form aldehyde, oarbon monoxide and total partioulate matter were relatively low, and the oonoentration of oarbon dioxide was correspondingly high. Under corresponding conditions, the percentage of oarbon-blaok in the partioulato matter was relatively high, and tho percentage of othor-soluble material was rooiprooally low. Significant quantities of ash also resulted from tho more oomplote combustion, whereas only traoes of ash resulted from the less severe thermal decomposition.
HONS 054540
- 87 -
Disousslon
It is probable that neither formaldehyde nor oarbon monoxide alone would have been lethal under the conditions of oonoentratlon and duration of exposure reported herein. A oat is reported to have survived exposure to air con taining 0,6 mg. of formaldehyde per liter (650 p.p.m.) for 4 hours, but another died when exposed to the same oon oentratlon for 6 hours (Patty, Ind. Hyg. and Toxiool., New York Inter. Solenoe 2:934, 1949, and Iwanoff, Aroh. F. Hygiene 22*307, 1910-11). Skog (Aota Pharmaool, Tox, 6:899, 1950) reported the results of his experiments in whioh rats were exposed to various oonoentrations of formaldehyde in air for 0.5 hour. These were as follows: LD-0, 0,6 mg./l.; ID-50, 1 mg./l.; and LD-100, 1.7 mg./l. He also gave the LD-50 values for rats, exposed corre spondingly to aoetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyl aldehyde, aoroleln and oroton aldehyde, respectively, as 57, 62, 174, 0.3 and 4 mg. per liter; the corresponding values for the ID-0 of the series aoetaldehyde to oroton aldehyde, respectively, were 14, 32, 66, 0.1 and 0.1 mg. per liter.
The toxlolty of oarbon monoxide, aooording to Flury and Zernlk (Sohttdllohe Oase, Berlin, Springer, 1931, pp. 803-204), is represented in the following observations: guinea pigs tolerated the inhalation of air containing
HONS 054541
- S6 -
oarbon monoxide In the oonoentration or 5,000 - 7>000 p.p.m. for 2 to 3 hours with only transient intoxioationj they tolerated 10,000 p.p.m. for 1.5 hours, but died in 20 to 50 minutes under conditions of exposure to 20,000 p.p.m,; rabbits reoovered after having been exposed to the oonoentration of 2,000 p.p.m. for 9 hours; they exhibited severe effeots if exposed to 3,500 p.p.m. for 1.5 hours, and died after 3 " 60 minutes when subjeoted to exposure to 4,000 p.p.m.; oats, whioh Plury and Zernik found to be more susoeptible than men to oarbon monoxide, tolerated 1,000 p.p.m. for 2.5 hours without any damage; they were prostrated by exposure to 2,500 p.p.m., but reoovered if their exposure was discontinued after 1 hour oats died within 1.5 hours following exposure to the oon oentration of 4,000 p.p.m. over the period of 1.5 hours.
Whether the fatalities among the animals of our experiments resulted from the oombined effeots of the two demonstrated decomposition produots, or from the aotlon of some other unidentified substanoe or substances, has not been established. Reoently, LaBelle (personal com munication) observed a considerable augmentation of the toxiolty of the vapor of formaldehyde in assooiation with aerosols in the atmosphere to whioh animals were exposed.
A comparison of the fogs of thermal decomposition produots of Gargoyle and Pydraul F-9 is made in Table 15.
HONS 054542
- 29 -
It is readily apparent that fogs formed from Gargoyle are more toxio to rabbits and rats than to guinea pigs and mloe, whereas the reverse was true of fogs from Pydraul F-9. The fogs formed by Oargoyle at 800 F. and 1050 F. have about the same toxioity as those formed by Pydraul F~9 at 1050 F. (report of Maroh 11, 1953) For example, 12 of 15 animals died when exposed for 7 hours to the fogs formed by .dropping 0,l4l ml. of Gargoyle per minute into an Inoonel tube, heated to {$00 F,, through whioh air v/as passii^ at the rate of 30 liters per minute (0.0047 ml, of Gargoyle per liter of air), and 5 of 15 animals died when exposed for 7 hours to fog formed by dropping 0.20$ ml. of Gargoyle per minute into an Inoonel tube, heated to 1050 F., through whioh air was passing at the same rate, whereas 9 of 12 animals died when exposed for 6,6 hours to the fogs formed by dropping 0.125 ml. of Pydraul F-9 per minute into an Inoonel tube heated to 1050 F., through whioh air was passed at the rate of 20 liters per minute (0.0063 ml. or Pydraul F-9 per liter of air).
The fogs formed at 1250 F. from Pydraul F-9 are more toxio than those formed from Gargoyle under roughly oomparable conditions. Seven of 11 animals (report of Maroh 11, 1953) died when exposed for 3.1 hours to the fogs formed by dropping 0,167 ml. of Pydraul F-9 per minute into an Inoonel tube, heated to 1250 F., through
HONS 05<i543
- 30 -
whloh air was passing at the rate of 20 1. per minute (0.0064 ml. per liter), whereas a group of 6 animals sur vived when exposed for 5 hours to the smoke formed by dropping 0.517 ml. of Gargoyle per minute into an Inoonel tube heated initially to 125 F. through whloh air was passing at the rate of 30 liters per minute (0.017 ml. per liter). Although the products of the essentially oomplete combustion of Gargoyle are not toxio per se, a hazard results from the flame itself, and the intense heat generated may be dangerous to life under suitable conditions, as illustrated by Experiment No. 1 (Table 6) in whloh all animals died from the exoesslve heat whloh was not dissipated by sufficient oooling before the air entered the ohamber.
From the Kettering Laboratory in the Department of Preventive Medicine and Industrial Health, College of Medioine, University of Cincinnati, Cinoinnati, Ohio.
Experimental Work and Report by; Joseph F. Treon, Ph. D, Frank P. Cleveland, M. D. Edwin Larson, M. S. (Ch. E.) John Cappel, B. S.
Date June 15 1954
Dlreotor HONS 0545**1
Table l
The Mortality. Length of Survival. and Changes in Weight of Animals Exposed to fogs Formed by Dropping Gargoyle Into an Inconel Tube Heated to a Temperature of gOO" F. (427 C.)
!r? im
5 Oz ovr v*
?
Rate of Duration
Liquid
of
Delivery Exposure
mg./min. Hours
Change in Weight Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Weight
Initial Loss as Result
Identlfication Weight of Period of
Number
leg. Exposure
Subse quent Gain
Pate
Length of
Survival After Exposure Unless
Otherwise Stated
192 7.0 Guinea Pig B-51 0.914-
Guinea Pig B-52 0.775
Mouse A-964
0.019
Mouse A-965
0.021
Mouse A-960
0.021
Mouse A-967
0.019
Mouse A-96S
0.020
Babbit H-524 Rabbit H-525
3.H31 3-^97
Rabbit H-526
4.009
Rabbit H-527
3.4^3
Rat K-3&5
0.153
Ra."t iL--3^^ Rat K-3^7
o*l?7 0.145
Rat K-3&6
0.142
5.0 23. 6 23.6 10.5 25.0 2.1 3.0 1.7
7-2 9.6
-
7.6
Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure
- Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure - Died During exposure
123 7.0 Guinea Pig B-61 | 0.655 Guinea Pig B-62 | 0.674
Mouse A-994-
0.020
7-3 16.7
15.0
-
"
Survived Killed 22 days Died 3 days Died Within 0.7 hour
Table 1 (Page 2}
Hate of Duration
Exper liquid
of
iment Delivery Exposure
Number mg./min. Hours
Identification Number
Change in Woight
Expressed as Percentage of Initial Weight
Initial Loss as Result Weight of Period of
Rg. Exposure
Subse quent Gain
Pate
Length of
Survival After
Exposure Unless Otherwise Stated
9 123
7.0 Mouse A-995 Mouse A-996
Mouse A-997 Mouse A-998
Babbit H-559 Rabbit H-560 Rabbit H-561 Rabbit E-562 Rat K-430
Rat K-431 Rat K-4-32 Rat K-433
0.020 0.023
0.020 0.021 2.621 2.544
1.591 2.796 0.202 0.204
0.227 0.214
30.0 21.7
2.8 13.8 13-3
3-5 7-5 9.8 U.9 11.7
20.0 8.7
Survived
Survived
Died Died
Died Died Died Died Died
Died Died
Died
Killed 25 days Killed 25 days
During exposure During exposure During exposure 2 days
4 days 4.5 hours
Within 0.7 hour Within 0.7 hour Within 0.7 hour
Within 0.7 hour
6 267
O
VI VI .. O'
3-5 Guinea Pig B-55 0.698
Guinea Pig 3-56 0.7%
House A-979
0.020
Mouse A-986
0.019
Mouse A-981
0.019
Mouse A-982
0.019
Mouse A-983
0.021
Rabbit H-538
3.165
Rabbit H-539
3-097
Rabbit E-5S0
2.198
Rabbit H-541
2.194
Rat K-4l8
0.188 |
Rat K-419
0.152
1.3 2.9 20.0 15.8
5.3 13.2 19-0
1.4
3-9 2.2 1.1
5-9 9-2
_
-
-
-
-
j
Died
Died Died Died Died
Died Died
Died Died
Died Died
Died Died
During exposure
During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure
During exposure
During exposure During exposure 1 day
During exposure During exposure During exposure 1 day
Table 1 (Page 3}
r \
| Change in Weight i Expressed as Percentage
j of Initial Weight
Exper liquid 1 of !
iment Delivery! Exposure | Identification
Number mg./min.! Hours ;
Number
Initial i loss as Result i Weight of Period of !
3sg. i Exposure !
267 10 11$
3.5 3.5
-------------- !
i Hat K-420
; Rat K-421
I Guinea Pig B-63
Guinea Pig B-64
i 1
Mouse Mouse
A-1000 B-l
Mouse B-2
1
Mouse Mouse
B~3 3-4
j \
Rabbit Rabbit
E-56$ H-569
Rabbit H-570
Rabbit H-571
Rat K-440
l Rat K-441 Rat K-442
Rat K-443 --------------- -------------
j0.157
0.155 !
0.692 0.$$$ 0.016
0.019 0.016
0.019 0.019 2.236 2.^62 2.434
2.353 0.212 0.214
0.175 0.210
i !
1 !
' i
! i ! I
,,
y
20.4 6.1
31.2 1120..55
5.3 15.^
0 7.0
00 24.5 19.2 29.7 20.5
|
i1 } i
1
i i i i
Subse quent Gain
_
-
31.1 5-3
37-5 21.1 12.5
5*3 15.2
7.2 n.o 0.7
9-| 31.6
-
24.3
Fate
Died Died
Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived
Died Died Survived
length of . Survival After Exposure TXnless
Otherwise Stated
During exposure During exposure
Killed 1$ days Killed 21 days Killed 9 days Killed 9 days Killed 23 days Killed 9 days Killed 9 days Killed 9 days Killed 9 days Killed 9 days Killed 9 days Killed 12 days 1 day 4 days Killed 12 days
15 70 *oWl
3.5 Guinea Pig 3-3i 0.$4$ j
Guinea Pig B-Wi 0 .$22
Mouse 3-55
0.027 j
Mouse B-36
I 0.019 j
Mouse B-37
I 0.01$ !
Mouse 3-j3
1 0.025
Mouse B-39
t 0.022
3.3 5-6 22.2 6.$
5.5 10.0 1$.2
5-7 | Survived I Killed 13 days 5-0 ! Survived Killed 13 days 1 1$.5 ! Survived i Killed 17 days
1 Died ! 4 hours
1 33-3 ! Survived ! Killed 17 days ! _ j Died During exposure ; 36.4 ! "
--
Rate of
Exper Liquid
of
iment Deli-very Exposure
Number mg./min. Hours
Identific ation Number
15 70 35 Rabbit H-710 Rabbit H-711 Rabbit H-712 Rabbit H-713 Rat K-572
Rat K-573 Rat K-574
Rat k-575
Table 1 (Page 4)
-- : Change in Weight
--!-----------
Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Weight
Initial Loss as Result Weight of Period of
Isg. Exposure
Subse quent
Gain
Fate
Length of . Survival After Exposure Unless
Otherwise Stated
2.255 2.709
3.H3 3-217 0.202
0.217 0.205 0.204
13-3 24.0
8.5 7*o
13.8 30.7 14.7
_
--
9-9 17.5
li.i
Died 2 days Died 1 day Died 2 days Died 2 days
Survived Killed 13 days Survived Killed 13 days
Died 13 days Survived Killed 13 days
12 35<*
Xo </) o Vt 00
1.0
7 21b-
1.0
_____ _______
G-uinea Pig B-67 Guinea Pig B-68 Kouse 3-10 House B-ll House B-12 Kouse B-13 House 3-14 Rabbit E-587 Rabbit E-588 Rabbit H-589 Rabbit E-590 Rat K-450 Rat K-451 Rat K-452 Rat K-453
Guinea Pig B-57 Guinea Pig B-58
0.849 0.841 0.020 0.023 0.018 0.018 0.021 2.069 3-094
2.427 2.553 O.161 0.168 0.157 0.164
0.825 0.814
17.0 20.3
22.5 41.3
8.3 16.7 23.8
1-3.3 12.4 18.0
14.3 15.5 11.3 18.5 20.7
0.4 0
--
17.5
13.9
1-9.0 _
13.0 20.2
" 0.7 4-7
Died 3 days Died 2 days Survived Killed 12 days Died 11 days Survived Killed 13 days Died 9 days Survived Killed 12 days Died 2 days Died 1 day Died 3 days Died 3 days Survived Killed 1.4 months Survived Killed 19 days Died 2 days Died 2 days
Survived Killed 13 days Survived Killed 13 days
Ta'ble 1 (Page 5}
i
1
ox Duration
Exper Liquid
of
iment Delivery Exposure
Number mg./min. Hours
Identification Number
Change in Weight Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Weight
Initial Loss as Result
Weight of Period of kg- Exposure
Subse quent
Gain
Pate
Length of
Survival After Exposure Unless
Otherwise Stated
7 214
1.0 Mouse A-9&4 Mouse A-965 Mouse A-966 Mouse A-967 Mouse A-968 Habbit H-549 Rabbit H-550
Rabbit H-551 Rabbit H-552 Rat K-422 Rat K-423 Rat K-424
Rat K-425
0.020 0.022
0.019 0.019 0.021
2.357 2.064 2.049
1.63 0.167 0.163 0.10 0.164
25.0 36.4 15.6 10.5
9-5 3-3 4.7 9.2
7.1 17.1 27.9 26.6
30.0 36.4 26.3 36.6 14.2
-
22.9
--
6.1 23-5
-
11.4
Survived
Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Died
Survived Died
Survived
Survived Died Died
Survived
Killed l6 days
Killed 16 days Killed l6 days Killed 16 days Killed 16 days
1 day Killed 13 days
1 day Killed 30 days Killed 16 days
6 days
25 days Killed 16 days
l6 114
X
in
O
1.0 Guinea Pig B-65 0.646
Guinea Pig B-86 ! 0.724
Mouse B-40
0.015
Mouse B-4l
0.021
Mouse B-42
0.020
Mouse B-43
0.020
Mouse B-44
0.022
Rabbit H-729
3.466
Rabbit H-730
2.256
Rabbit H-731
3-057
Rabbit E-732
2.907
0 0 0 0
15.0 10.0 13.6
5.0
12.5 6.3
13.2
0.1 6.7 23.3 25.7 29-0 7.0 23.6 13.2 17.6 17-2
-
Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Survived Survived Survived
! Survived Survived Survived Died
Killed l6 days Killed l6 days
Killed 14 days Killed 14 days Killed 14 days Killed 14 days
Killed 14 days Killed 19 days Killed 15 days Killed 15 days
26 days
Table 1 (Page 6}
j
Hate of Duration|
Exper liquid
Of t
'
iment Delivery Exposure [ Identification
Humber mg /min. __H_o__u_r_s___t
N umber
16 11*
1.0 Rat K-576 Rat K-577 Rat K-57* Rat K-579
Change in Weight Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Height
Initial loss as Result Weight of Period of
*8- Exposure
Subse quent Gain
Pate
length of . Survival After Exposure Unless
Otherwise Stated
0.1*3
0
13-9 Survived Killed 16 days
0.202 7.9 24.3 Survived Killed 15 days
0.191
0
12.0 Survived Killed 15 days
O.I96 5.1 21.9 Survived Killed 15 days
16 59
c5
2
C>
13 5 C>
560
____
1.0 Guinea Pig B-69 0.71? Guinea Pig B-90 0.66*
Mouse B-50
0.031
Mouse B-51
0.017
Mouse B-52
0.022
Mouse B-53
0.017
Mouse B-54
0.023
Rabbit H-737 Rabbit H-736
2.3*3 3-073
Rabbit H-739
3-712
Rabbit H-740
3.1*5
Rat K-5**
0.199
Rat K-565
0.199
Rat K-5*o
0.16$
Rat K-567
0.162
4.0 0
11.6 0
16.1 0 0
6.2 1.6
1.0
2.5 3-5 0.5 1.6 2.2
7.1 6.1
-
-
-
26.1 21.2
7.5 3.* 9.2 17.6 7.0 13.3 n.o
Survived Survived
Survived Survived Survived Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Survived
Survived
Killed 1* days Killed 1* days
Killed 1* days
Killed 1* days Killed 1* days
Killed 1* days Killed 1* days Killed 13 days Killed 13 days Killed 13 days
Killed 13 days Killed 13 days Killed 13 days
Killed 13 days Killed 13 days
0.5 Guinea Pig B-77 0.57*
5-* .
16.2 Survived Killed 19 days
Guinea Pig B-78 0.4-6*
Mouse B-25
0.017
3*5 29.*
16.6 Survived Killed 19 days 35-3 Survived Killed 1* days
Mouse B-26
0.020
-
Died During exposure
Mouse B-27
0.027 - - 0 - 1 7.* Survived Killed 20 days
Table 1 (Page 7)
t i
1
i
( 1i
1.
|Hate of ' Durationi
Exper- Liquid ! of j
.
: Initial
i-aent jDelivery i Exposure! Identification i Height
Humber jmg./nin. ! Hours j
Humber
I
13 360 } 0.5 Mouse B-28 Mouse B-29
0.025 0.022
:
Babbit H-668
2.412
Babbit H-669
3.234
Babbit E-67O Babbit S-671 Hat K-564 Bat K-565
2.8% 2.652
0.193 0.169
Eat K-566 Bat K-567
0.174 0.210
Change In Weight Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Weight
Loss as Besult ! Subse-
of Period of | quent
Exposure
; Gain
26.0
27.3 28.2
23.1 It.7 12.9
5*2 16.6 12.1
15-7
i 24.0 : 27.3
-
22.5 36.7 36.5 17.1
--
Pate
Length of Survival After
Exposure Unless Otherwise
Stated
Died Survived
Died
Died
Died Died
Survived Survived
Surrived Survived
14 days
Killed 20 days 4 days
5 days 2 days 2 days
Killed 19 days Killed 19 days
Killed 19 days Killed 19 days
14 222
X z \n W1
0.5 Guinea Pig B-79 0.759
Guinea Pig B-80 0.857
Mouse B-30
0.023
Mouse B-31
0.017
Mouse B-32
0.022
Mouse B-33
0.027
Mouse B-34
0.024
Babbit H-706
2.342
Babbit H-707
2.730
Babbit H-708
3.024
Babbit H-709
3.354
Hat K-568
0.l8l
Bat K-569
0.213
Hat E-570
0.162
Bat K-571
0.203
5-9 5.0 17.4 17.6
9.1 3.7 5-2
6.9 7.1
5-3 12.7 0
5-2
3.3 0
9.9 t. 2 21.7
13.6 7.4
10.3 20. t 23 .t
i.t 16.5 3.9 11.3 12.1 14.3
Survived Killed 17 days Survived Killed 17 days Survived Killed 18 days Survived Killed 18 days Survived Killed 18 days Survived Killed 18 days Survived Killed 18 days
Survived Killed 17 days Survived Killed 17 days Survived Killed 17 days Survived Killed 17 days Survived Killed 17 days Survived Killed 17 days Survived Killed 17 days SurviTed Killed 17 days
:
Hate of Duration
Exper Liquid
of
iment Delivery Exposure
Somber mg./min. Hours
Identification Number
Change in Weight
Expressed as Percentage " of Initial Weight
Initial Loss as Result Weight of Period of
*g- Exposure
Subse quent
Gain
Pate
Length of .
Survival After Exposure Unless
Otherwise Stated
17 367
0.25
Guinea Pig B-87 Guinea Pig B-8
Mouse B-4-5 Mouse B-46
Mouse B-47 Mouse B-48 Mouse B-4-9
Babbit H-733 Babbit E-734
Babbit H-735 Rabbit H-736 Hat 2-580 Hat 2-581
Hat 2-582 Bat 2-583
0.778 0.866 0.019 0.021
0.023 0.018 0.022
2.837 2.317 2.929 2.438 0.194 0.201
0.193 0.185
3-0
15-7 5-3 4.6 6.1 0
13.6 4.2
1.7 1.3 11.6 0 0 0 0
12.2
-
5.3 14.3
16.7
7.0 22.5
6.0
-
14.4 11.9 12.4 14.6
Survived Died
Survived
Survived
Died Survived
Died
Survived
Survived
Survived Died
Survived Survived
Survived Survived
Hilled 19 days 17 days
Milled 15 days Milled 15 days
6 days Killed 15 days
6 days
Killed 14 days
Killed 14 days Killed 14 days 11 days
Killed 15 days Killed 14 days Milled 14 days
Killed 14 days
Table 2
Tile Mortality, Length of Survival, ana Changes la Weight of Animals Exposed to Fog3 Formed try Dropping Gargoyle Into aa Inconel Tube Heated to a Temperature of 1050 F. (566 C.)
Hate of Duration
Exper Liquid
of
iment `Delivery Exposure
Humber ;mg./min. Hours
2fS0 6.17
Identification Number
Guinea Pig B-46 Guinea Pig B-47 Mouse A-954 Mouse A-955 Mouse A-956 Mouse A-957 Mouse A-95s Babbit H-516 Babbit H-517 Babbit H-516 Babbit S-519 Bat K-377 Eat X-372 Bat S-379 Bat K-36O
Change in Weight
Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Weight
--
Initial Loss as Result Subse
Weight of Period of
quent
leg. Exposure Gain
0.905 O.669 0.020 0.020
0.019 0.016
0.019 3.467 3.067 2.676
3.459 0.260 0.292 0.1240.134
6.3 4.7 20.0
--
-
-
_ 2.6 6.2
-
-
_ 6.3 15.0 -
-
-
-
-
Pate
Died Survived
Died Survived
Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died
Length of Survival After Exposure Unless
Otherwise Stated
Within 2 hours Killed 6 days During exposure Killed 6 days During exoosure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure
l6l 7.0 Guinea Pig 3-59 O.767
Guinea Pig B-60 0.616
Mouse A-9S9
0.020
Mouse A-990
0.019
11.7 11.4 25.0 26.3
11.1 11.0 20.0 26.3
Survived Killed 11 days Survived Killed 31 days Survived Killed 31 days Survived Killed 31 days
HONS 0 5 4 5 5 3
Table 2 (Page 2)
Rata of Duration.
Exper Liquid
of
iment Delivery Exposure Identification
dumber ng./min. Hours
Number
Change in Weight Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Weight
Initial Loss as Result Weight of Period of
kg- Exposure
Subse
quent Gain
Pate
Length of '
Survival After Exposure TTnless
Otherwise Stated
t l6l
7.0 House A-991 Mouse A-992
Mouse A-993 Rabbit H-553 Rabbit H-554-
Rabbit H-555 Rabbit H-556 Rat K-426 Rat K-427 Rat K-426 Rat K-429
0.019
0.016 0.021
2.433 2.166 2.266
2.323 0.201 0.166 0.166 0.209
26.3 27.6 23.6 12.2
9.6 13.4
25.5 16.9
43.5 25.0
17.7
26.3 36.9 23.6 16.0
_
19.9
-
21.5
Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Died Died Died
Survived Died Died
Survived
Killed 11 days
Killed 11 days Killed 11 days Killed 19 days
5 day3 1 day 6 days
Killed 14 days 6 days
6 days Killed 14 days
4- 64 5.0 Guinea Pig 3-4-9 0.965 Guinea Pig B-50 0.902
House A-959
0.016
Mouse A-960
0.016
House A-961
0.017
Xo
Mouse A-962 Mouse A-963
0.016 0.016
</)
Rabbit E-520
3.431
Rabbit H-521
3.500
o
Rabbit H-522
3.266
\r
Rabbit H-523 Rat K-361
3-315 0.152
Hat K-3^2
0.136
9.6 12.9
0
-
0 0 0 35.0 4.7 5.5 1.7 5.9 7.4
9-1 14.9
-
6.3 11.6 0 12.5
10.6 20.0
7.7 12.5 11.6
Survived Survived
Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived
Died Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived
Killed 29 days Killed 1.6
months Killed 7 days Killed 7 days Killed 7 days
Killed 7 days Killed 7 days 10 days
Killed 7 days Killed 26 days
Killed 7 days
Killed 7 days Killed 7 days
--
tt) 0* H
+>rHr-4
Exper iment
Humber
^
64
19 116
21 46
X z
V)
--
h
03 -i
Table 2 (Page 3)
Duration of
Exposure
Hours
Identification Humber
5.0 Rat K-3*3 Rat K-364
Change in height Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Weight
Initial Loss as Result Weight of Period of
Exposure
Subse quent Gain
Tate
Length of Survival After Exposure Unless
Otherwise Stated
O.166 5.4 19.9 Survived Killed 7 days
0.159
0
10.7 Survived Killed 7 days
3*5 Guinea Pig B-93 0.929 Guinea Pig B-94 O.762
Mouse B--65
0.022
Mouse B-67
0.014
Mouse B-66
0.020
Mouse B-69
0.022
Rabbit H-749 Rabbit H-750
2.725 2.106
Rabbit H-751 Rabbit H-752
2.3*5 2.174
Rat K-592
0.170
Rat K-593 Rat K-594
0.191 0.162
Rat K-595
0.179
3-5 Guinea Pig B-97 0.704 Guinea Pig B-9* 0.700
Mouse B-75
0.019
Mouse B-76
0.019
Mouse B-77
0.017
Mouse B-76
0.017
Mouse B-79
0.019
5.6 25.6 13.6 0
5.0 22.7 27.* 12.5 2.9 16.1 6.6 4.7 37.4 6.7
0.6 0.3 0 0 0 0 15.*
3-*
27.3 42.9 15.0 31.*
21.4
-
12.4 11.0
-
12.3
4.3 2.7 15.* 5.3 17.6 29.4
"
Survived Died
Survived
Survived
Survived Survived
Died
Survived Died
Died
Survived Survived
Died
Survived
Killed 13 days 14 days Killed 13 days Killed 14 days
Killed 14 days
Killed 14 days 6 days
Killed 12 days
1 hour
3 days Killed 13 days
Killed 14 days
9 days Killed 14 days
Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Survived Survived Survived
Killed 11 day3 Killed 11 days
Killed 11 days Killed 12 days Killed 12 days Killed 12 days Killed 12 days
Table 2 (Page 4)
Rate of Duration
Exper Liquid
of
iment Delivery Exposure
Somber: mg./min. Hours
i
Identification Number
Initial Weight
Jag-
Change in Weight
i
Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Weight
loss as Result of Period of Exposure
Subse
quent Gain
Pate
i
Length of Survival After Exposure Unless
Otheirfise Stated
21 46
20 109
ozc/> o
VII
VVoI)-
3-5 Rabbit E-757 Rabbit H-75*
Rabbit H-759 Rabbit H-760 Hat K-600
Rat K-6oi Rat K-602
Eat K-603
2.156
2.265 1-957 0.203 0.191
0.179 0.193
1.0 Guinea Pig B-95 0.695
Guinea Pig B-96 0.596
Mouse B-70
0.019
Mouse B-71
0.020
Mouse B-72
0.024
Mouse B-73
0.019
Mouse B-74-
0.020
Rabbit H-753
2.255
Rabbit H-754
3.127
Rabbit H-755
2.246
Rabbit H-756
2.333
Rat K-596
0.160
Rat K-597
0.176
| Rat K-596
0.195 1
Rat S-599
0.202 f
i
1.3 1.6 0 2.2 0 O 0 0
1.2 2.0 0 0 6.3 0 0 0
1.9 4.1 0 0 0 2.1 0
9.6 19-3 21.4
6.3 6.4 6.3 6.4 7.6
0.1 7.7 21.1 10.0 4.2 5-3 5.0 16.2 3.7 J-9-7 12.6 7.6 3-9 6.7 4.0
Survived
Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived
Killed 11 days
Killed 10 days Killed 10 days
Killed 10 days Killed 11 days Killed 11 days
Killed 12 days
Killed 12 days
Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Survived Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Survived Survived
Killed 12 days Killed 12 days Killed 12 days Killed 13 days Killed 13 days
Killed 13 days Killed 13 days Killed 11 days Killed 11 days Killed 11 days
Killed 15 days Killed 12 days Killed 13 days Killed 13 days
Killed 13 days
The Mortality, Length of Survival, and Changes la height of Animals BXoosed to the Snofce Formed by Burning Gargoyle on a Surface of Heated Inconel
-------------- 1
Rate of Duration
Exper liquid
of
iment Delivery Exposure
Humber ng./min. Hours
1 152
7.0
Identifi cat ion Humber
Guinea Pig B-36 Guinea Pig B-39 Mouse A-9W Mouse A-94-5 Mouse A-9% Mouse A-9^7 Mouse A-948 Habbit H-506 Habbit H-507 Habbit H-508 Rabbit H-509 Eat 7-991 Hat 7-992 Hat 7-993 Eat 7-994
Initial height
icg.
0.93? 1.007 0.020 0.016 0.014 0.014 0.017 3.535 3.236 3-170 3.284 0.184
0.3.99 0.193 0.140
Change in Weight Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Weight
Loss as Result Subse
of Period of
quent
Exposure
Gain
m
'
-
7.6 14.0
:
3.0 2.2 2.2
2.1
2.2 2.0 "
Fate
Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died Died
Length of Survival After Exposure Unless
Otherwise Stated
During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure During exposure
HONS
11 500
5
5 ''"
7.0 Guinea Pig B-65 0.764
Guinea Pig B-66 0.381
Mouse B-
0.019
Mouse 8-6
0.018
Mouse B-7
0.019
Mouse B-8
0.021
Mouse B-9
0.020
2.4 2.4 21.1
16.7 21.1 19.0 15.0
3.6
21.1 22.2 21.1 19.0 15.0
Survived Died
Survived Survived Survived Survived
Survived
Killed 3 days
0.5 hour Killed 8 days Killed 8 days Killed 8 days
Killed 3 days Killed 8 days
Bate of Duration Exper Liquid j of
iment Delivery! Exposure
Number mg./min.j Hours
Identification Number
Table 3 (Page 2)
j----------------
Change in Weight
Expressed as Percentage
of Initial Weight
Initial Loss as Result
Weight of Period of Sg. Exposure
Subse quent Gain
Pate
Length of Survival After
Exposure Unless
Otherwise Stated
11 500 516
7.0 Rabbit H-572
Rabbit H-579 Rabbit H-5^0 Rabbit H-52l
Rat K-444 Rat K-445 Rat K-446 j Rat K-447
2.49^
2.635 3.9U 1.937 0.122 0.123 0.200 0.324
5-0 Guinea Pig B-44 0.252
Guinea Pig B-45 0.702
Mouse A-949
0.020
j Mouse A-950
0.012
[ Mouse A-951
0.021
Mouse A-952
0.012
Mouse A-953
0.012
Rabbit H-510
2.201
Rabbit E-5U
3.202
Rabbit H-512
3.007
Rabbit H-513 Rat K-373
3.277 0.229
Rat K-374
0.327
Rat 1-375 Rat K-376
0.251 0.227
3.1 4.2 5.1 1.0 5.5 16.4 21.5 5.9
3.9 0 5.0 11.1 9.5 2.2 0 2.7 0 3.2 1.0 3.1 7.0 0 3.5
10.5 6.1 6.4 4.5
41.5 43.5
~
5.6 3-1 0 ll.l 9.5 5.6 5.6 4.4 2.0 2.4 2.0 5-5 2.0 4.2 5.2
Survived Survived
Survived
Survived
Died Survived Survived
Died
Silled 2 days
Silled 2 days Silled 2 days Silled & days
0.5 hour Killed 16 days Killed 20 days
0.5 hour
Survived
Survived Survived Survived Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Survived
Survived Survived Survived
Survived
Survived Survived
Killed 7 days
Silled 7 days Silled 7 days Killed 7 days
Killed 7 days
Killed 7 days Silled 7 days Killed 7 days Killed 7 days Killed 7 days Killed 7 days Killed 7 days Killed 7 days
Killed 7 days Killed 7 days
ess^so snow