Document 93QKkVyKRk0GMjoRz2rKZNwr3

130 CHAPTER 6 1954 Guide '* Physiological Response of Subjects Exposed to High Effective Temperatures and Elevated Mean Radiant Temperatures, by C. M. Humphreys, Oscar Imalis and Carl Gutberlet (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 52, 1946, p. 153). CHAPTER 7 19 Life, Heat and Altitude, by David B. Dill (Harvard University Press, Cam brid19gTeh, e19U38p)p. er Limits of Environmental Heat and Humidity Tolerated by Accli matised Men, Working in Hot Environments, by Ludwig W. Eichna, William F. Ashe, . William B. Bean and Walter B, Shelley (The Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxi AIR CONDITIONING IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF DISEASE cology, Vol. 27, March, 1945, p. 59). 91 A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1188--Local Cooling of Workers in Hot Industry, by F. C. Houghten, M. B. Ferderber and Carl Gutberlet (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 47,1941, p. 403). 32 A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 673--Determination of the Comfort Zone, by F. C. Houghten and C. P. Yaglou (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 29, 1923, p. 361). A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 691--Cooling Effect on Human Beings Produced by Various Air Velocities, by F. C. Houghten and C. P. Yaglou (A.S.H.V.E. Trans actions, Vol. 30, 1924, p. 193). A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 717--Effective Temperature with Clothing, by C. P. Yaglou and W. E. Miller (A.S.H.V.E. Trans actions, Vol. 31, 1925, p. 89). A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 755--Effective Temperature for Persons Lightly Clothed and Working in Still Air, by F. C. Hough ten, W. W. Teague and W. E. Miller (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 32,1928, p. 315). How to Use the Effective Temperature Index and Comfort Charts, by C. P. Yaglou, W. H. Carrier, Dr. E. V. Hill, F. C. Houghten and J. H. Walker (A.S.H.V.E. Trans Sanitary Ventilation, Control of Airborne Infection, Value of Air Cooling Under Tropical Conditions, Treatment of Disease, Operating Rooms, Nurseries for Premature Infants, Fever Therapy, Cold Therapy, Allergic Disorders, Oxygen Therapy, General Hospital Air Conditioning THE Second World War caused an increase of interest in the preventive aspects of air conditioning. It re-emphasized the importance of the control of airborne infection and demonstrated the value of air cooling under tropical conditions for the prevention of heat rash, for promoting proper rest and sleep, and in the convalescence of patients. The problem of air conditioning or air purification in shelters, hospitals, or any buildings, following an atomic explosion has the attention of engi actions, Vol. 38, 1932, p. 410). 93 A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1196--Comfort with Summer Air Condition ing, by Thomas Chester, N. D. Adams, C. R. Bellamy, G. D. Fife, E. P. Heckel, Dr. W. J. McConnell, F. C. McIntosh, A. B. Newton, B. F. Raber and C. Tasker (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 48, 1942, p. 107). 94 Conditions for Comfort, by C. S. Leopold (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 53, 1947, p. 295). " A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1102--Shock Experiences of 275 Workers After Entering and Leaving Cooled and Air Conditioned Offices, by A. B. Newton, F. C. Houghten, Carl Gutberlet, R. W. Qualley and M. C. W. Tomlinson (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 44,1938, p. 571). Physiologic Adjustments of Human Beings to Sudden Change in Environment, by N. Glickman, T. Inouye, S. E. Telser, R. W. neers, military personnel, public health authorities, private physicians, and the general public. The type and structure of shelters are important. In strategic areas likely to be bombed, they should be windowless, under ground, strong enough to resist blast and have sufficient cover to protect against initial radiation. Suitable ventilation is a necessity, and could be provided by the use of pressurized installation in which any air taken from the outside is forced through a ventilator. Air conditioning and heating or cooling systems could then be kept in continuous operation for improv ing inside air conditions and controlling room temperature. Heat trans mission through the walls, carbon dioxide accumulation, and the total 'r Keeton, F. K. Hick and M. K. Fahnestock (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 53, number of people using the shelter, are factors in determining the neces 1947, p. 327). sity for using outside air. Such a shelter should be closed to outside air i. "A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1055--Cooling Requirements for Summer Comfort Air Conditioning, by F. C. Houghten, F. E. Giesecke, C. Tasker and Carl during the period immediately following a blast. Gutberlet (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 43, 1937, p, 145). A surface or subsurface atomic burst would result in wide dispersion of 97 A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1012--Study of Summer Cooling in the Re radio-active particles in high concentrations.1 There is relatively little search Residence for the Summer of 1934, by A. P. Kratz, S. Konzo, M. K. Fahne danger from such particles after a high atomic burst. Windows in ordi stock and E. L. Broderick (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 41, 1935, p. 207). nary buildings close to the blast would be broken, and consequently, air 98 A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 755--Effective Temperature for Persons Lightly Clothed and Working in Still Air, by F. C. Houghten, W. W. Teague and W. E. Miller (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 32, 1926, p.. 315). 99 A Practical System of Units for the Description of the Heat Exchange of Man conditioning systems would provide no protection against this hazard. At a distance of 1200 ft from ground zero, many windows would not be broken; outside leakage would therefore be slight, and air conditioning systems with His Environment, by A. P. Gagge, A. C. Burton, and H. C. Gazett (Science, could be used with advantage. Vol. 94, 1941, p. 428). 99 Thermal Insulation of Clothing, by C. P. Yaglou (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, The smog incident in Donora, Pa., has focused the attention of health authorities and engineers on the problem of air contamination by toxic Vo9l1. A54p,p1l9ic4a8,tiop.n2o9f1)A. ir Conditioning to Premature Nurseries in Hospitals, by C. P. Yaglou, Philip Drinker and K. D. Blacktgn (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 36, 1930, p. 383). gases. The exact way in which such substances affect the human being is unknown.2 There has been a great deal of speculation, but in reality there is little specific information concerning this problem. It is believed that in such cases the combination of contaminants, rather than any single substance, produces the toxic effects. It is known that low atmospheric pressure, with accumulation of toxic substances in increasingly higher concentration, produced the condition in Donora. TheU. S. Public Health team, in their investigation, found that this same city had experienced several previous incidences of lesser severity during the preceding 30 years, ihis was shown by much higher mortality rates during certain periods. A high percentage of the population of this city suffered to some extent 131