Document 92RnmqBjyNkB8B1vNKajzyVR

A wookty report on environmental problems--local, stalo, national and worldwide Vo). 3, No. 50 December IS, 1969 o Muskio's new hill would extend Ait Quality Act to ihchnle noNc pollution am) lu cover jiirnaft emissions * p. 1 Shnkuup of HI'-AV agencies may he a preview of major Nixon Administration en vironmental mirg.'mi/r.lion p. 2. c* States Ju\e tough job in store, as NAPCA (ells what it expects in air standards implementation plans p. 5 . * Auto companies say IheyVc doing their best to control emissions, but Nadar says it isn't good enough p. 3 . Mtwfac nrli. wou/.o broaden clean Am act WASHINGTON - Sen. Edmund Muskic last wee); iniio(luccil n broad bill (S.31i?1>) to extend the Clean Air Act. In cluded was a sharp increase for funds to be spent dorm/' lire next three ) cais for NAl'CA's fuels and vehicles research piogmm (See. )Ui), including pants. Muskie's bill is similar to but broader than bills now in the House (story. p. 3). Muskie, irt irHioduemp the measure, also look a swipe hi (be hr (Inal Aviation Administration, which plans to set its own standards for aircraft exhaust. Part of Muskie's bill would five WAY authority to set these, standards. Briefly, Muskic's measure, which was introduced as "a response to the growing public pressure for a clean environ ment nd a recognition that certain kinds of air pollution conliol activities will not or cannot be canicd out without fedeial intervention," would give UIAV authority to: o Carry out low-emission vehicle research; * lixtend and expand ibe authorizations of the dean aii act for research and demonstration: * Require public hearings in connection with the adop tion of any plan for the implementation of aii t|Uahty stan dards and to rcquiic 30 days notice of airy heating on aii r|Uiditystiindai(b, Thomulgatc national emission standards for new mid used riirciafl, vessels, and other vehicles capable of moving in interstate commerce; f* Set emission standards for existing commercial vehicles: Require assuitmcc i compliance with national cniis- * slon standards for a period beyond (he initial sale of a motor vehicle, vessel, or air endt. etc.; ' standard* Un ! *e. em.f.ii'm which r a;./! ro iret ceMif> \ !**( Ii> :.s to tli.'ii co!i;j-i;.*i:,v- with ilt.is.- -.IjiJ- o Set national (r.,; : ion sia-idoid: for wi lain ny. ni, solvent:., paints and olhei oxrdants winch, bee .use (!< > *ie mannf.j!:(iircd ami slopped in jmcrsf;aii* coii>mi m\ cannot l.`f cftuiivdy controlledthcii point o! u.:: o I'st.ildisii an office of noise pollution h1mIc;iiCI)( and control. o Authorize the office of noise pol'uimn abeumv; nt >:n;' control in stud) ill.** Juallli uul v.rlt.ne raiiiifiraikuiN of noise and to include o , otv.iiicmkitiom foi mi-clcil !> j isl: ii.m in ;. icooii to r(`n; icss I hv amount o| me my Muskie a;.'*v fm See lOi is 5-15 nullion for I rsce) Year ) f'71, SI ii'iidion foi )'Y I r.>'/2, and S175 million lot I Y 1973, l ui FAA, Mm.kic said there is "pofnJ reason mu ii> give the idlerAviation Admiiiiviialinn pimviy ic*poi>sil>i!iiy for aii pollution coni ml o: for any oilier rut a nl mvh oil men la) protection in view of the recent icmarks of" the 1AA itdmimsUaior. Mi'vkic quoted John Shaffer a*, wyrng "pollution is one ciiviionmcntn) problem that's not as bed as it is obvious." Foi noise pollution. Muskie calls for setting op n of fice of noise abatement that would studs the lifters of none and such things :c> the projected growth of n;>i le.vls in uihan an as tlnonj.b the year LAIO.'f Sonr $M million would be earmarked for the imis; oltice. bur gemr.il authori/alions for lire Clean Ait Act. Muskie asks SI SO milium foi Fiscal Yeai 1971. $| 7> million l< FY 1970 and 5.700 million for FY I1''" '* * * HONS 031627 Till*- iwiUemfl U T, V*tm OlUf CcoifUnM ' UWS l< i.'<(n>..iii|, 1st.. 5JD w.-u <?no Si. >' * Yo'k. U Y tOOSO Alt i*r*M incur* >r: In Any lcro *<a<oul |tr*i*cjn-.i'* ( 11>'V t <*.*' Swl.s, .ran.n i.in s HX'i j-r , U 5 #nj f *!<0 i in i.iiin f. t.nir.. i I.'i I. ||| < si. 0 > '. m-WSHAIUlUP MAY PREVIEW MAJOR SHIFTS WASHINGTON - The Nixon Administration may be planning a major shake-up or* iiw govornmcnl's enviromm-nial agencies, including shifting some programs lo diffcrctu departments. Announcement is likely when the President delivers Ins Stale of the Union Address next month. He h;is been expected lo make a major statement about (he environ ment at that time. Last week, in what could be a forerunner to a bigger move, HEW'sConsume} Piolcction and Environmental Health Service was abolished. Secretary Hebert Finch moved tho Food nnd Drug Administration out of the- organization that had also included the National Aii Pollution Conlio! Administration and the lluicao of Solid Waste Management, which is under the CITIES l.miionmnital ('oniioi Adnvimtuition. Now solid wastes and NATOA m grouped loin-lbur In a new Environmental Health Sen-ice. Moth arc still under Charles C. Johnson, who had been head of CPEIIS. The shift in FDA had been made afici study by an HEW team that also icr.nmimmdcd setting up tin- Fnviionnirninl Healtb Service. This study group, beaded by deputy under secretary Fcdcric Maid;, found lhat I IP.\Y environmental programs "have not received the piioiity attention that they dcteivc " The study group also called for selling up a "top level lAsk foicc*' lo definte what HEW's environmental policy should be and how HEW* efforts would mesh with other departments. They also called for the task force to look at current HEW efforts in environmental health "and make recommendation?- for nreA'd c.h.n.gcs." ` MORE PERSONNEL WIF I S AT FWPCA WASHINGTON - FWPCA is making some more profou nd changes. Among the latest: Dr. Allen Hirsch who recent ly had Wen chief of operations, becomes assistant coinmis* Sionci foi progiam plans and development -- a post he had hold cntlie.i. John Barnhill, who at one lime was deputy commissionci. has been moved to scientific and technical ad visor to Commissioner David Dominick. In another move, which was not confnmcd, it was learned that Eugene Jensen, FWPCA icgional diiectoi in Charlottesville, Va., may move to Washington to become chief of operations for FWPCA the post Hit sell has just left. PURE OXYGEN LOOKS GOOD FOR WASTE PLANTS BATAVIA, N.Y. - Mused on one year's testing here, Union Carbide'* pure oxygen process for wastewater treat ment has more than lived up to expectations, according to local reports. Company officials told newsmen that use of the process could reduce both capital and operating costs of new municipal or industiial treatment plants by 25 to 50%, depending on sire. Tilt pure oxygen pioctsslias been optuii,,sl,ii (rain ofllntavia's uvo-liniii, 3.25 mgjij in..... -.pat plani. The process applies a proprietary mclhoil ro imri....... Conner between pure oxygen and lire liquor in nr riiv.iinl sludge process. According lo Caihidc's Lind-.- niY.,bi,h developed lire process. Ilris nclion |>r<n]uo'\ I'OI) rcniir.jls of up lo y.Trf. Cnpilnl cosls arc cul because of reduced i:.-ul for aeration equipment, while operating, comv an- lowco-d because of smaller power demand, according to 1 indo. Also lowcicd arc sludge liandling costs, process control (f dis solved oxygen is said to be eased, and odor piub'ems .-ue les sened, Linde claims. The process also apparently improves nuiiicni itimn a! somewhat, but funltci study is needed in this area. L indo has shown the Batavia instalhlinn to one group of conv.dn.uis nlu-.idy :*r-cl is pkmnin:', anmh.-i shov. qu. west ru. st. Si-voi.il mote test ami pilot installations a..- m the works. I he pioecss is also appliraMc lo hi' li-HOl) ind.istrial wastes Bird it has been tested with promising results on paper mill wastes, Linde notes. MORE AIR REGIONS DESIGNATED AND PKOIWD WASHINGTON 1II .W has designated or purposed boumhmes for another series of air quality control unions. Recent actions include: Boundaries designated for an interstate region for the Providence, IU. southeast cur Massachusetts area. 1 he Metropolitan Providence Interstate Air Quality Control P . gion in.-'iid; s oil f EJiodf Island and 'sb ( hies and town- m soutbeznem Mass. Boundaries propo...-.l for; n inU.v.taU ic;ion m rite 1- minpam. Ala. area, lo include five counties. C.ciisuUatkv on tire proposed region will be held Dec. 17 M the University of Alabama, Birmingham. fr Boundaries proposed for an interstate region in the me tropolitan, Toledo, Ohio, aica, including two counties in Ohio anil Monro? County in Michigan. Consultation is sched uled for Dec. JO,Toledo Public Libiaiy. o Boundaries proposed for an interstate tojuon in the Chuttoiroogn, Teniv won, including Hamilton County. Tenn., rd two counties in Georgia. Consultation set Dec. 18 is in Chattanooga. < Boundaries designated for an interstate region indu-liir Steubenville, Ohio Weirton, Wheeling, West Virginia. Included arc two counties added to the original federal proposal. These counties were added, says IIPAV, as j result o( a re quest ftom slate and local officials. The region had been scheduled to be designated at a later time, but was moved up "at the request of the two states Involved. Boundaries designated for an interstate region for the l.mmvillc, Ky.-Nev/ Albany, Indiana area. The Louisville interstate air quality control region includes Jefferson County. Ky., and Claik and Floyd Comities in Indiana. rithimiii............. McrtMHHQ Editor.. A.M05IM# CcMIor... WatMi'iitcn Icilior. Editorial AtilMint. ... .Donald B. Dudley ... .James 0. Ma<r.l>Ml ,Thornes W, DonojhiK- ,.., David R. Newman ... .Devon McDeimotl CircuIHlcn............................................ PmiI W. |>t>. Veen In. Wniiei New* Our*i<i......................................In ?0 eiUes. U R. and alxt^ci Couttp.-nCcrtlt.................................. In 109 cllf*. U S :no atnoul lelcphonw Ed-toiial..................................................<?'W HUGH* Ciicvlatton..............................................(?1<| 9?r V4P? 2 - AIR & WATER NEWS December 15. 1969 HONS 031628 AUTO MAKh'kS DESCK1W: EFFORTS; NADER SAYS THEY'RE FAILING; FORD HAS NEW PROGRAM WASHINGTON - The major automobile makers say ` they will be able to meet stringent exhaust emission Manthirds planned for the mid-1970 s with devices now being tested experimentally, Spokesmen for the four mnjoi companies appealed 1;M week before thr House Commerce Committer public health subcommittee that stalled hearings on extension foi (luce mote years of the Clean Ail Act. Also appearing at the two days of heatings was the acting Surgeon General Di Jesse Sleinfeld, accompanied by Dr. John Middleton, NAPCA Commissioner, :md Charles Johnson, administrator of the Consumer Protection and Environmental Health Set* Vice. No furlhei hearings ate planned until next year, when the petroleum industry is scheduled to testify. I he auto makers, fresh from a lieai mi: in N.:w Yoik Called by Rep. Leonard Far bslcrn (D-N V). (see suny following), also feel ihc toad to lower exliaust emissions js thKmji.li tlic internal combustion engine. rather than develop ing gltcriuulvc sources of power, hut both Fotd and General Motors wy they will piodute ps tmlinc trucks and biisscsGencnil Molois by the end of 1971. The Industry also says if is spending millions of dollars for nir pollution research. In answers to subcommittee ques tions. General Motors said Unit osvr the past three years it has spent over $125 million, and R now pulling, out about $30 to $40 million per yrai In its rcseaich labs. GM has 400 to 500 people actually employed in air pollution cscaich, including alternative vehicles and emission conlio). Ford says it is spending $28 million lo $30 million annually for air pollution eontiol, again including exhaust control and a look at ahcineie source>, ; n.J lias some 7('0 people in the U.S. working on eontiol ol emissions (sec story this page on Fold's plans). The wto milters cautiously agreed with the. possible need (o certify production line vehicles rathei than proto types hv is now done. Studies arc showing that drivcis arc not maintaining Die vehicles to manufacturer recommendslions and thus the exhaust eontiol devices are not slaying up to federal standards (following story). Proposals are expected next year from HliW to dral with production line vehicles. HEW also is making moves to tighten regulations on "the whole au-a of fuels,'' and to conUol imports of foteipn automobiles that might nut meet fcdoixl exhaust standards. Dr. Middleton told the committee that the time pciiod for designating air quality control regions is expected to shorten front the present three to four months. This will come about, said Middleton, as "local interests" and in terests of the slate governors towards nil pollution control increases. HEW officials cautiously endorsed the amount of mon ey in one bill before the committee (HR 12934). This bill calls for spending $) 10 million over Mil* next three ycait for Sec. )04 fuels research piogram. .Sleinfeld said this fund ing level is "in line with whirl we fed the nature of the job is.u Sleinfeld warned Ihc committee that techniques must soon be found (u control sulfur oxide pollution. If tech niques now being developed and awaiting full-scale demon* illations are "not soon shown to be practical, tlreic will be no widely acceptable way to prevent ihc continuing incu:.nc of RiiJfui oxides pollution." NADER RUSTS DETROIT ON AUTO EMISSIONS NEW YORK - Ralph Nader whirls (IM dhsnlw-d imu a gioup of small companies, a S300 million budget piv-n to NAlT.'A, and an excess profit tax aimed ai automakers and dedicated lo development of polhnion f.ee vehicles Speaking lure before a hearing on automotive exhaust called by 21 Kew Yuri- and New Jnwy C'ungtetMiwrr, N.Mcr blasted the auto industry loi failing, lo apply a syMeiii.dic approach to llw (Hw'.i-pmevn of an eim-.Mmi-he-. I L- also called upon II.: I'eJeial j lo if. p.o ciMcmcnl and luiuimg, powers to cii-ai'.' incentive I'm i)io pioduclion of "less-polluting" vehicle?.. This could include the establishment of government production fci!iinj.!'n Midi vehicles. Nader charged that il will cost Californians 5>60u mil lion (oi pollution eoutmt devices and added fuel cottMimp- lion for tin' first yea; alone. Nader also charged that an "mul-s.-Josed" KAl'CA sponsored Muds' reveals that J9f>V production mudds rue failing emission tests :*( an alarming rale. 1`cdnnl ir-pubm-ins require CO and hydi >::tihon emission l-.vels Ire mair.laiiu d through SO.OOO miles with one major tune-up ,-i 25/'O'.) mihs. A study of I Dm/ houhI autom .biles, ho-.- ev,;, re vealed that ?>'"! of lb-, mios icstLil (,-h.il ciili.-- ihc ( I' and/or hydrocar Inn- w-M-. M'tvr oniy 11 ,r\Kl m.K-;. o;, r!.: avcijge,.'eci'Mling i. N.-dor. II. s.-.d i' t ol M -. s>',5 i rs U'Slcd in the Hertz fk\>, (>87;- flunked lire h) d/oc.ubo;' oi CO test at mi avenge of 12.600 miles. NAVCA ofjicit/k my there is nothing secret about the study hut that it /.nor 7 been fully "diyesud" w; by the agency. Some observers feel the cm;nhn ynj\v,ihm.r of rentalcars is .nr rm/ironVin o/"no.miu: nrc"/n(r-\/urvs more oriented to ashtray emptyiny and window washing than lo l.ec/ung the vehicles in rune. FORD OUTLINES POLLUTION REDUCTION PROGRAM DETROIT Poid Motor Co. is su pping up all ph:.-;ei of its anti pollution program. While many aspects involve essentially budget inciv.rscs, some projects listed lust week by board chairman Homy f ord II ate new to the auto in dustry. The company's goal, according to Fotd, rs "to mini mize pollution fiom its products and its plants in the rl.oit- cst possible time." To achieve Oris aim. some $9) million is being committed over the ncxi two years. Specific actions listed by Ford include: <* The company is proceeding with a limited test of a used car air pollution eontiol kit consisting prim,oily of carburetor and manifold attachments designed to reduce hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions hum pic- 196U Foid-built cars by as much as S07<. Foul has discussed the project with the federal government ami proposed a large-scale cooperative field test at Ford expense utilizine one or more government fleets. * ^ HONS 031629 AIR & WATER NEWS December 15, 1969 ... 3  The company will make tivuilablc lo independent ga- mgcs, as well as its own dealers, a compact instiumcnfation system to mti.iAuc hydiocrubon and uaiboii monoxide emis- lions. Tlic insttumentation, developed jointly by Ford Setvice Research Center and Honeywell, is already being sold tosome Fold dealers and marketed independently by Hon eywell . before the end of 197!. Ford will develop for sale to fleet operators r number of experimental vehicles contain ing new emission-control equipment that will be ahead of government pollution restrictions then in effect. A limited number of experimental low-emission cars will be offered to pollution control authorities in both Cali fornia and Washington, D C. fut their cooperative evalua tion. Ford will step up Hr (p.wlHy control procedures to fix on some feasible way of sen-ming all vehicles for abnormal emission levels. New recommendations am expected to be announced willtin the next twelve months on optimum fuel composi tions to i educe emissions. The `'most logical'* conclusion, the elimination of lead aririitiwr. probably will not be re commended because, according to Ford, "the petroleum indusli) would need tcvu'ril jc:n> to convert to non-lcaded gasoline.. , o Research projects invc stiguting alternate power sources will be continued, hut seemingly not augmented to the ex tent of the other programs. UDAU RECOMMENDS "CLE.vr FLORIDA .UWFORT Ml M il - A rh-;m i-ruhve without .niinmol ik access for p,u.en;,ois or c.;.n;.i has l:uur rccoiumcnd-'d for soullr 1'lotkhi by Stewart Udi.ll, lonnei Sjctelmy of Inter ior. Uriah was hired for a study by Dade County Port Au- toiity after ronrervationists altecked the jelpoii site 40 miles west of Miami as a thiVM to Everglades National Park Uriah's oveivicv.* report sngjyiis a highspeed "anromo- bih'" operating on an air trad, so ns not to huciferc with southern How of wiiii i to the iMtion.il park. It would con nect with existing and new terminals in major cities along l-'hnida's southeast coast. I'd;;!) calls foi sophisticated sew age treatment systems at the jet putt and he picdicts a les sening of (he pollution threat tlnougli advances in jet en gine design by 1975. To linaneo the jetporl, Udell recommends an environ mental smehatge. on passengers and shippers using automo bile service. The money would be used to keep the airport pollution free and to buy surrounding kind to prevent ur banization and industrial exploitation. Commissioning Die &75.0M) Udal) study wos part of Port Authority effort to dilute conservationists anger, but there is liulc evidence the piny j\ working. Joe Drowder, regional director for the National Audubon Society, said, "Mr. Udal) has seen light to the heart of our environmen tal problems. This is ;m extremely thoughtful report, but it is politically unreal.Stic." TlrVnifh he did not mention an alicmatc site for the Jetpoit In Ids lypnit, Ud.tJI said in an interview that the fa cility should be n least seven miles north of the 39-sqmuc- mile area where $ I 3 million has already been spent to ac quire land and build one imnvjiy. Heart of the IJdall report ir, a warning lliat without (he jetport to generate money to acquire mute atul mote hind in the Big Cypicss area west of Miami the region's w,,,v. and wilder uc'.x resources will he destroyed ilnou, 'i hap hazard private development and exploitation. \U predicted the national park will not survive 10 more yean, of encroach ingurbani/i-.iion. In an earlier development, Transportation Secretary VoIpc announced lliat the federal government consider* the current jctpoit site as loo groat a threat to the v.-aler re sources of south Florida nd u> tire park, and ordered an alternate location be found- Volpe did. however, offer to allow training flights at the existing runway lot a one year trial, conditional on Stiict contiol on peMicuh-s and b. H-kidcs. phis n>.>iiili<tmg of joy cl.anj'W. in the ecologs. Alternate sites nndei consideration include a staleowned one west of Palm Beach and the Air Force base at Homestead, 35 miles south of heir. It had been hoped the Udall study would provide guideline', toward finding ;,u al ternate- site. SIERRA aim .SEEKS HKYiROKNiliKT AMENDMENTS SAN FUANC'ISCU - -1 lie Siena Club, militant conser vationist group, will seek federal and slate (OiiMituriona! amendments insuring Die right to s "clean, healthy mvrionnent.'' Michael .VkCiuihey, upon appointment as executive dncttc! at a n. tii- u;i riveting, of >ii. club's b-Mid nt drt.-i*tors here l;:it vxe!:, said the earn" g:i \s .uld l I.Michcd heginniug next ycvi. MeCTod.cy Ltd siwd nsclu'f of staff since last May, v.luu executive tlhcelor David Brower re signed from his post. The Sierra Club directors aho called for a h.\n on llie manufacture and use of DDT and similar pesticides and asked that stiinvnt limits be placed on Vehicles so that by 197.5 "air purines will be insured-" )i necessary, tin direc tors added, the internr.l combustion engine should he banned. WORK STOPS ON L.A. POWER PLANT LOS ANGELES The Eos Angeles Department of Water and Power has suspended construction wuil: on a new powei generating unit at Scalterpood steam power plant near Playa Del Hoy. Action followed notice by lire county Ait Pollution Control District that authorization to con struct the new unit had been denied, following adoption of Rule 67 (which republics nitrogen oxide emissions) by tire county Board of Supervisors the preceding week (AWN, J)cc. 8, p. ?.). The LADWP will appeal to the LAAI'C'D hearing hoard for iclief. and, according, to Floyd L. Clou, LADV.'P Grief electrical engineer and assistant manager, other piucedtms will b-.- discussed with the Hoard ofWatci and Powei Com missioners and with attorneys. Goss again wanted that without the plant to meet the needs of 1972, local blackouts were inevitable. 4 AIK & WATER NEWS - December IS, 1969 HONS 031630 NAPCA OUTLINES WHAT IT WANTS TO SEE IN IMPLEMENTATION PLANS DURHAM, N.C. * One hundred and fifty Male and Idt'h) air pci!]u<:or> control administrators galhered here last week to Ireai what NAPCA has in mind for them to submit at ai quality implementation plans. They weren't too happy with what they heaid. basic lo the Implementation, according to NAPCA, will be I imtlhemalical model. If the stales don't put one lopeIhci, NAPCA will. The model is lo be used as a tool to dc* moi :tiate that the contiol siiiiicp.ics proposed by a state will actually gel the air quality control region down to the air ttarulauis set for it. Here's how the whole thing woiks. Starling with the actual ambient a., conditions in an ait qualily region (A(JU). Ihe Slate agency applies*a "toll-back" formula to find out what exact tonnage of sulfur uxido and p.uriculatcs mint he eliminated lo get the AOR down to the levels adopted as Standards. Next you start tiymgom on papei the various control strategics available in order to reduce the air loading tot point which will satisfy the standards. If Ihe existing regulation for particulate* won't get you under the limit, fot example, you can plug m an addition;:] process weight regulation or perhaps a heat input regulation if you don't already have one The combination of controls selected is then fed into the mathematical model along, with input on background conditions and meteorology. If the model indicates the standards will be met at the. maximum receptor point in the AQR. then the strategy is acceptable. Such modeling!, howl er, is only as Accurate as the emission imu ntory used as ike basis for testing the various sttatetfes, end there isn 7 n control agency in the country with c n idly good emission inventory. In addition, NAPCA officials dearly indicate that the strategies selected will have to demonstrably do the job. "We expect you to ert on the side of more control rather than less" deviated Acting Deputy Commissioner Edward Tuetk. Control strategies, accoi ding to NAPCA, may reflect developing technology and resources. Utilization of low sul fur fuel was used as an example. If sufficient quantities aren't cummtly available, they will be made available by Ihe competitive tore to Till the vacuum created by prohibiting the use of high sulfur fuels. "Forcing technology" was ack nowledged by Tuerk as a prime icason for the implementa tion plans. 1 imclablcs included in the implementation plans "must provide for meaningful increments of progress over relative ly shod intervals, such as one or two year periods..." And NAPCA does mean short. Since "techniques and/or equip ment me available fot controlling most sources of particu late and sulfur oxides" the particulate standard fot St. Louis -which was used as an example during the two-day work shop - should be achieved by Jan. 1,1973, while the sulfur oxide stnndaid should be achieved by Nov. 1, 1972. Time tables submitted will have to he "specific and precise", ac cording, to *1 uvik. * Each of the implementation plans submitted must speak to the specifics of how the contiol strategies arc to be en forced and how agency manpower is to he deployed. Plans from agencies which arc part of interstate AQR's must reflect woiliable plans for interstate cooperation on abatement pio&uum. I'i.u.i 1110)1 also idled the agencies' pci mil or rtgir.liii- lion procedure;., air suivcillance schemes and the spcolics of montioiing locations. methods, lab techniques. au'iagim', tiiiK-s.and sampling frequencies. The lognl h;t:.ix on which state Hgcncics operate nr-.i'.l also be included in (be plan and il most dcrnonsiiaie that lire agency is in fact leg,all) enabled to cany out ilk abate ment program If sufficient legal "muscle" is not available, the plan should stale when such authority can be r\pc clod to lie granted. NAPCA legal cxperls told lire workshop that stale definitions of ;tii pollution should be sulficicnily bioad to encompass wdfaic as well as health, so (hat actual injury need no; Iv ported before abatement ;\'liou i-. t.-ken. 'I hoy also -.aid that o,;.,r.li it ion oi pel mil >.\ \ 'euj\ 0. -rid have specific time limitations oi icns v.'.d dale*, as should variances. Must controversial aspect of (In* workshop was (he outline of NAPCA's itq'.-iicmer;!'. for inclusion <! "emer gency episode plans" NAPCA wants thev plans to iikluaic that an "alci 1' will be souiuh d when any one mo-nn ring station in an AOI) experiences a Violation of :.luii-;:ii:i (!MJrr.) st.ind.ncl.> If any slot ion. there foie, hits 0.10 ppm (24-lu. avenge) S0> with 2 ('Oil units - which N'/.I'C A says is roughly equivalent to 2-K) ug/nU suspended particu late - an alert will have in he sounded. NAPCA ofini.ds admit that in most indjoi Chics the gong will be ringing all wintei long. 1 hey feel. ho*u\-.., that there alerts will f-uev air pol'c-i.i :) inure into i!/ |rbl'c limelight, tli.enlumcmg ..'-i'lemenlnvin iiic> k:. in sontrol agent;)' people p;e;'.*ni slum; ly o::-,-grcrd. i-'ins! i.-T tl..r alerts being i :;li-:d at such lie-pn nt mu-iv.i's v.ojkl so >n make the public bored with the whole thing. The "cmngcncy episode plans" will have to include specific reduction lewds for specific major sourcir. r-nd '.ill have to include planned action i-.t ihe rUit. vyinm;' ami emergency levels. The emergency level should be c. lied "when it npp'^* imminent that an ave .<; amc-mir.-tmii of 0.40 ppm. SOj r.nd b Cobs will persist for 2-1 I,.mis." NAPCA goes on lo say, howcvci, that "It would It- il* ad vised to wait and see if the 7-1-ln . ciiteiii- v.cic u.oi before action is taken. Using r. G-hour averaging lime wuu-d be helpful." NAPCA is planning two more workshops in Kansas City (Jan 19-20) and Sin Francisco (Jan 23-?..>) A guide line book on the impli-menU-hun plans will l-c d- v -lopt-d but it is not expected for a number of months Putting together the implementation planr, rt com pared with setting the stawhvds, is like comparing nnpic arithmetic with integral calculus A side,from dm lack ofgood emission data on which to produce a tinkl< ma thematical model, many state agencies are also hcl my, in manpower needed to undertake such an t:\ tensi e project. Clearly, however, stale agencies will fee tonic.1 tiemendous pressme in tepanl to their submissions A tiding Standards is going to cost the industrial eotninuniiy which is really going to get it in the neck mm c money foi conttol expenditures than il ever dreamed possible. . While state administrations can bow to political expedi ency by "Iruying"super-low ambient air standards, they MGNS 031631 AIR & WATER NEWS * December 15. I%9 - 5 .must now lrl! haw !hcy ore to he cehirvcd. The tmwwrs wV Millie for a very meny (.'hmtitu.if.>r the heal Chambers of Commerce. TAIL) "PLL CANAL APPROVED, HUT FWPCA CALLS MLL'T MIAMI Florida Power ami Llpht Co. hsl Tuesday re ceived ipproval from the Dade Comity Pollution Control Officer to build a six-mile coolinp, runrd at its 7 ui key Point pltml on Hmyin* Hay. The '7-milliou canal is the comptmy't cnt'iiei jiiif; solution to thermal di<eh:np: that last sin .nor (uhvisdy affected a si/cahle area of the bay. Hut on I he same day apptovnl was announced, them was word of ftdcrnl interest that could set the company's plans hack indefinitely. It appeals that Gov. Claude Kjil; icquested a Matc h uml confeience on the matter at thr rop,Injj of Floiida conservationist*. and pollution control officials in 7 jiIIhhhsscc. Interim' Secretary Walter Ili.-krl aumninad that a con ference Is scl.ed.ded for Fch. 2-J to determine whether the Ihemiul (lisehaiyc of Tuikey Poinl mipht cause a Miiou> Imbalance of the bey ccolory. Come ivatiooistv. claim the 95`dcj-. limit of the Dade. Counts' pollution law is three dofpets too hi;'.!i. They rile rviderro of duniapc staued at the 92-dtp. mini; hist summer. (I li.-kel alv aniKUitieed a Jan. 20 confctetw in Pensacola to dheoss k.se.o'.ibir*. River ptohlems.) Dade. County j>nllmjon control director Paul Lcadi ap proved the utility's plan foi the cnulinf. canal with certain modifications to achhve ;;ie;.lei turbulence and j'.rcaler tuvutmW of dilution valet ft am lhe hay. i he changes arc estimated to ineicnsc the cos, of the c.a:i;1 Hy SI million do)lau Under him* of a vaiuiKe ar.icud ;n by the county palUnion hoard, Florida I'c.vcr .od Lij'.'.i! must have h senna) fnyjik.crin;' apjUoved hy Feb. ], 1970 and Have the canal complete J Hy July 1, 1971. Pending lv,fnjc the Floikla Supteme Court is an appeal of a condemnation decision that pave the utility the power to dip the canal across propctiy owned hy D.K. Ludwip, the intcinj'lioird shipping mr^uati. Lmlv.jp claims the canal across (he hayJiont of his ileadadc property would malic it impossible to develop the land into a hiph-chisv hou>i}>, de velopment. Florida J'ov.ei and Liphl Has two conventional penciatin|l unit* M Tuikey Point (OM/KJO kw) and is huildinj.'. two nuclear units scheduled to po into operation in 1971-72. POLLUTION CONTROL LAULLS RF.QUlULD ON CARS WASHINGTON1 - Automobile mamifaclmeis will he requited in 90 days (o label all new vehicles that have been certified as mcetinp ail pollution control ataitdv.tds. HI:W last week issued ropulations rcijuii ir.p a label be mounted in the enpine rompnitmcni of tire vehicles. In eluded will he enpine tune-up specification! to aid mechanics in nnmitaimupeoutiol system vliivic* cy. ' The iej;uiations, issued under tin; Clean Air Act, may have the side effect of '`pjolvelinp buyers from a practice .. that lias developed in which ivluiFished imported cars arc passed off tts new/' said !U;\V. 6 - AIR 41 WATER NEWS < Oi'ccnibcr IS. 1969 HRIsAKDOWN Oh S I A I L ALLOCATION.', UNDI p $800 MILLION WASTfc PLANT FUND FOR VY '70 State TOTALS Alabama Alaska Arizona Aikansas California - Colorado Connecticut Delaware Dist. of Columbia Woijd.i (icorjha Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana lown Kansas Kentucky, Ixmisiaiia Maine Maryland ' Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missoni i f-tmlsu, Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mo; ic.o New Yoik Nor lit Car olina Noilh Dakota ' Ohio Oklahoma Orepon Pennsylvania Rhode Isli.ml Smith Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Vitpinia Wasbmptoit West Viipinia Wisconsin Wyoming Guam Puerto Rico Vitpin Islands . Total Entitlement $800,000,000 J4.672.00-* 1,637,900 6.327,100 8,599,200 65,554,900 8,072.600 ii.m.ooo 2,5-11,600 3,780,500 21.353.200 17,305.1(0 3.398.600 3,7-13.800 42.287,100 20,0,12,500 12,203.800 9,839.40;) I3.625.MK> 14,513,909 4,981,500 13,550,900 21.983.500 33,033.200 14,938.100 l(),377,7-`:i 18,690.(ip 1 3.174,5(0 6,668.60.! I,$8!,9ii9 3,369,200 25,737.703 4,958,900 69.938,20:) 19.88),PO.i 3,676,100 10,850.409 10,596,809 8.13-1,100 47,5;.4.:o: 4.341.) UJ 11,028,700 3,815,600 15,815,700 40,479.900 4.655.900 2,542,800 17.302,800 12,528,700 8,798,009 17,130.900 2,240,300 1.667.200 11.085.099 1,523,200 HONS 03.1632 GERMANS PLAN DDT HAN; SWEDES EASE THEIRS BONN. DDT will he banned also in West Germany, nccoidinf* lo joiners in ll.r rr.mtry's Ministry of Health* where legislation is currently being pictured. However it will he at least a ycai before a new law comes into effect and tunnauy joins the l ),S., Sweden, Denmark, Canada, the U.K., Italy. Hungary and Czechoslovakia in outlawing this hind of material- . Meanwhile officials in (tie ugrirultura) and health minis* tries will strive to keep DDT levels ns low as possible by up* plying existing laws which piuhibit ccriaiit levels in food stuffs being exceeded. The ultimate aim is a law which will also cover household insecticides, and will permit the govern ment to step in not only when ti health hazard has been proved, but also whcil 11;: i* seems to bo some danger. Sta tistically, the (h-nn,.n population i' moa: in danger from imported than homoiutiwn foodstuffs since its own levels of DDT application an elicady low, Between 1966 nnd 1969, DDT consumption Ml from 13 to 9 grams per acre. This compares with *t6 pains per acre in the U.S., and 53 gvtum lit Italy. vv STOCKHOLM - R-.wdcn'a totnl ben on DDT ban been eased a little. The Swedish Poisons jkuud has given dis pensation to the forestry ir.dustty, and will allow coniferous seedlings planted in 1970 u. he treated willi DDT. Under the original Swedish ban announced last March, DDT v.mild be io;ally ba'med is of Jan. I, 1970. However, the fo.es'.i v imhi.si y i-.qv.iVd the decision, saying that it has no oi!u t w.-y to pi'.n.et seedling* trom insects that strip the U"J; and kilt the p!:mfi. The industry uses about )3 metric, torn of DDT annually, which is about a fifth of the ' total tiscd in Sweden. STONE fk WERSTEK/IONIC'S SO?. PROCESS NEW YORK - Details were revealed last week of a stack-gas sulfur dioxide removal process being developed as a joint venture by Slone A Webster Engineering Corp., Doston, and Ionics, Inc.. WMertown, Mass. Key to the process Is a just-patented electrolytic membrmre-diapbragm cell (her regenerates caustic soda used for washing the stack gases in a wet scrubber. The sulfur is re covered as pure, diy 5.0;., which may be fed to an acid plant or Ihpiificd for sale. Key to the economics of the sys tem is the use of the `'spinning reserve'* capacity, which electric ulililics arc required to maintain, as power supply for the electrolytic cell. The system would be provided with enough tankage to operate fot 30 hours without the cell if (he reserve had to he otherwise utilized. lire developers had worked up a cost estimate Ipscd on installation at an existing midwest power plant consisting of two MW roal-fiicri units. Using 3.5%Milfur coal, a cost of 2.3 milh/kwlt feu the spuming reserve power, and a 90% reeovery of SO?, they come up with capital investment of 30 million and annual updating cost of $2.7 million. A$> mining production of 3-14,000 lons/yr. of high-purity sul furic acid marketed at a "dump price" of $17/lon (he whole thing omls up with a ml after-lux profit of 52(10,000. This analysis is based on a very conservative cstim.Mi of equipment life, according to S&W/louits. 'Hie figures com pare very favorably with other SO? prorcocs.amJ tin- bvproduct acid should be easier to market than the amm-mun; sulfate m weaker acid produced by some of the other:,. 'I he. process was piloted in a 400-cfm. lest unit f..r jocr al months last year in Tampa, Fla., and Itci in Wateinv.ii, N.Y. Right now, the developers are seeking support from a consortium of utility companies, and NAPC'A to build a 75,000-clm. (25,000 kw.) demonstration plant. CHEMICALS RLAMED IN BRITISH SEABIRD DEATHS LONDON The Irish, who have a loir history of ship ping owi the hull Sea. h.ne an ungi jni,ib!.<. v that stomach-turning stick I* of turlMdencc. I hair l.-ir;!n:i brothers have now come up with quotable one. They are calling it the "Ditch of Death," in memory of the 10,000 common seabhds called guillemots and fifty seal* that have mysteriously been washed up v'uid, Lit un marked, on beaches up and down the biitbh west coast dur ing the last few weeks. Public outcry has led to a major government-led in quiry, and early tests by scientists show that the dead b:;tfs arc- riddled with chemicals chlorinated h\rlrocarbuns of the polychlorinated biphenyl* (1*01) family. The. scientists aren't yet prepared lo say the chemicals and deaths are related, hut the evidence b building. Accord ing to Dr. K. Mcllaiiby, din {.lot of the go'Vtnua nt's Yu*:. ;s Wood cxpeiirmriteiunion. nuiiiin"d..'ii,-h,rc. t.-v.-p or . to 400 ppm (rf IT i. havi been found in fil'n in|.!v Ti*.*! carcasses examined so far, "We arc alarmed because the normal amounts found i; the past were very small - 1 to ?. ppm.," says Dr, Mclkmby. While he agrees that PCD appears to lo ?- likely culpoi, Mdlanby and his researchers are cautious lv*ame they l.u.rw little about toxicity uf the compound, only recently dis covered as a pollutant. The Swedes wore lust to identify PCB in 1966 during routine investigations into levels of pev tickles in fish. One theory is th.il (he guillemots may h:nc picked up PCD from firh they feed on. This hav not yet been proved, nor is there any evidence humans are in danger irom fish they cat. A big question is how the PCD gels into the sea. It's l<<-. licvcd it is dumped, but it's difficult to know by whom. / There me no restrictions on dumping outside the three-mile1 limit and PCD's arc widely used as sealants and addiiivi < m ) many iudirsliics. "One could say that there will be a possibility of PCD in sewage discharge oi any industry that uses anything burn a light oil to a wax or icsin," says one investigator. Sole U.K. producer of PCD is Monsanto, which produces amounts of "some consequence," a Monsanto spokesman said, at Nrwpoit, Monmouthshire. "Our plant is d*\. 'I here's no effluent to discharge into the sea," lie said. Adriili'o.d amounts are imported from the U.S.,Trance am! Germany. Apart ftotn the biids, about fifty grey s'.d pup:, were washed up dead off Cornwall recently. Investigations .-how . the seals died from mahurfiilion, but their livers aic to be analyzed for traces of DDT and PCU. HONS 031633 AIR & WATER NEWS * Dt-drmher 1 5, 1969 - 7 NATO IvJ/.JiAUKf; ON ENVHvOK'KfliNT I'UO.tKCTS KKUSSMS - NATO's coinmiticc on llic chalk-tip,cs of iividem society last week decided lo jccommcnd five pilot piojei ts lo be oiulcit.ikrn by memkn governments. 'liicsc it re: study of oiv pollution problcm.% (United Stales and Tuil.ey), toad sufciy (United Stales) disaster control (United Stales and It.-ly). open sea po'Uttioti (IUIj;inm and I'oiliH',al), and inland watei pollution (proposed by tin: Ca nadians but ms vet no pilot lountry lias been selectcdY . The projects ate expected (o receive official )>j:oval of the NATO permanent council by ibc end of the ye* '. Mvirlvi j>uv< rmn.'iit.' involved \wil icp.nt bad, t,, <|.. niih-.v on April 13. Inc projects air jert of NATO's new effort m ! ., member povenimants solve envitonnu :M:d problem. .... f,un.(It olTresident Nison's visit to )\'A}'(.) chpil;.' I : 1-clnu;uThe iv.'-mlK'i p.ovetnmt nix v.o i in[\ on pu,,. f,.,. jeep, arc to seek ways to biinp j-.ovcnnn'ntal aetkci to I cm (1 :< prohlviirs i-> qnc-.li.m. One of (Ire (ii.st tin-rtiups will take place ir. next I vliMiitry when urkislr nm! L,<crested Cm., -n scie.nti.ds v.rll meet lod'-eus* air polhiti-.-n. M >: * * * ^AVKtJSi^ihf.S AluiJ'.lmnn C\nt;iiny *<( /.mciiru, Win.ldnv Ion, tin* fct:m:d m-w I'ivii-.m to ovcjjoc tin* i)'.<vc)o|tin?iit and lU-tui;- id prci|n*u tMy nnti poliiilion pto.cI'* ipo;,' of AU'oa'r imvonviH.t.im-rl"' l- .<". f.vii/Miai> vi!l t to i'.'i j'N.ild.'. I'l' >" ,) tin;. I:.;:. m. (inrntv, Ah oi. u, v. ]., p.-c- J:i,.\vhow an': method'. loi vin :y )i.rsvt*;* urnt.imiiiiOUN, not only ii, i!.r- .-thtiuiv.uni hidusny, Inn cln-vh-ir. fU'cik.ii Option I'ror'M.cU, Inr. hi si-nnou-*,-.,) I'Imi' to pcfp'iiv tvo C'.'mpH.iwill. c.im liiiMMl < ;:-i-u':.| Ivsol o' r SV.Ji >ni|. li-.ijt I:*! ii c'iiiiUv.J j ! - <' i t '(, , I:. Ivitriv of tin l\.,i <o '\\y..,: i \.`.i f-t'iie. !i ns, Vi, |.' lv !l.,,>l . 1 ii :, , i j l.n.'s |l..-ni!i-s if-jV't.i-.iy io 11: pali-.Mlo vro.iUoi Wt.' l<-iiu. .s|vim-iW H.'iJt. J-i'V.'aKI u.'-nnfao tujisrifn'.c root.-iii.'i rysh-tv.s :tnd ti.iet: ffiinj.,.'.i) c inipi.cM for iov1miO:.i n<! enn:ii; uhl i.irlwtv I'ow.t : mi CuMbU'-lion f;:t ;ii: i s art' ins'*'*'- sp.-i-alizr.d aniiUHti.H r.iid polhthM o'.Miol t:wi!o;;ii'rl .Sdvm e Coij'-. i-SUnit, li.it |:r- ehavd 9U7 i.;iciest in tht hi.Ji.n, (tin of U>tielli l;C(l, v r.A,, of Mihn.n: 'vTi-rhirn of ::!r |.ot|',ni .;i i*oMiot Urvicor. r.-nt<(,,o.. fcrdojiiru J-'.jt'.rs, J.A. of 1 r.w'i,;,, Svis- r.?rl*'nd, vs J t'> - r<v;,etl ml'.ii:;, nf ) .SC, pmehaad of in-.* out>l :.i': Mtv.k of till' t;>.M Ui J*' i no.;, a S; 'io Uonsanto Co.. St. I.oms, i;ur i</jhw : a t*t v,< snUsiUian'. Vvhvini.* I miio f r> in SpUci.is, lm., foi ttiv c .-.vl'-pio. nt, sat'. ;, :,;nf nifiit of avS'.c . n s> t- mi. j''!; in thi* !;t< h of nion j'hate!n:;il. .. con- p:>ny s> i't t*.' lit- -'kj'i.'i lo i:; Ci i.; o v iiti inili.'l % i.i (Ici.il, N.Y.. nsci 11 ro' lh /.rvf-iii'...-. Jv*.-v-s'--!l ( ,'' i- dy.i.j (!* >; -s |`S\ cs'.ai'::)H ;l ;. i .r te.iy for svrni <;o-1i(y ke,i`<o! :5 Atliwit, Of. i`!n'vr ci/nln.v't ' iili t*<- t'cvifift Writer I'ollMtlon ('initial Arir.iii:i.l\ `ion. Spntics wi!* c-. l`!aic i cv. i, i'tr.to; dctcc- tion uni mciiin-riaj; c.f p^ltntMiis io itvial wstcr \cv*n *. ) c.,'.;: Uri:i ro' t i' "to develop rnd fiTiu \v: 1,r 10 i.'1*1:1, il lation vt.ivli io"!.! t'r nsui t ; Male, locui :n<! iiuiienial oi-rmi-'.'uoii. in <oii)un;- lioi. with rxiMinp o: | jTlsvf'jt;*," >: il v;.t,, ,i,,y ' f1 `i.'.' v K);cliontiton: ('nip., ft;^h' n (i:v, y V lex i.ppoj-.U J .1 >. tstiiic ( .1.. I ,,K V. *sliiiifl,,ii. I'a,. as 1.; ir..- 1 , I ; J > : S. f, i-i '..'n, > in n. , ,, am1 1 c-fiifiM hire of . !* i-.Utulton un>|i.,| i-.ji'i,-ais rit Sualrt.ir. Cerp. cm! .'oSn Zin*: ('em.... . '/ui'a, ti.ivr amml h | ii for dtr Imr.iti to y.;, !.: i- tl* l , 1 . >>: 1, Zn.l;. w);..- ,s if. I . . tl>. i i.'/nd ., l ;< ,. ; cl ci `vf. *1 s i-,; .i, i:,;'.- ;:.*< .^t, ,, . V.'cMiii'jt.injicn Flctlii; (V*r|i.. I'iitit.nr; u. lias f'catc.t an mvitonnt.'i'l .1 ys*vnv. rtrp -il meni to .".siM clerl.ii n*:tv uirnpaiU ": i.i 1t.< (.niiionnr'iit.:): ; .1, of i.'.cation and oj vnlioii of tOvctii. |vi>nstai.<! trax'itiission li:.',`s. J)i. .1. i.vrJi V- r j,.l 1 u ,M tv iUh'Moj of ti;' iivm c`i|'aMtnn;t. Ni'V.'J'riOni.JrTS, !>.'.( ts'llwrtui - A new tcrles of erimtf.!!;!) sepal i ton h.s tvm ittliodiuvri by'flu '} mil Coip. to i!ieiei*'.v sAist votlt eiinj1 c."p; itif s of 1I1C itmip'iny's st ni.la.i.t ec]ii)|,i.!dii. Opvt- ttior efJeelivvl: Is ilo- f.,Pt'.\i to J.t.000 sin.. lai't'C, tin* A-t w If I'cnitaiiK tl eyelom totii's'li'i*. ere lot heavy tl.ny r.pi'li- ratines. 'I In. 'I mil ('nip., | );anl:in M., St. I'mtl. Minn. SSI If*. - folyt h'rtiob n- floccul.iiit foi tini'.'Mii J suitor tift.li.K n( Imndl.s a v,-nifty <>f ?<;-; Mlions ns*-i a s.iut- pH inn; <. t.'a'mn 1,'. i. t.vnnin.oiKl.ii as a diain t|\' tihI anti ft -uul.-tii in S'll il,mid amt for l.!..ck U<;i-ut sl..ljfiv jl'on, ii. lit.,i.i ::,i di'-'ll.i,- pitvdtM lict'i. Ht.d lot tis|<ii(l/snlid '. p:-iati<-iis in r.let-l at.-r) Iron oir itiiKCssin;-. ixaln'-i K(. is h ntiuicd nybe polymer ntpphi d as *n ) '>'& s*>ll<1,' solution. Nation:.! State Ii ami Otveiteat (*oip,, 'J lii'.l Aw., New Yoii;, K.Y. 100)7. Solid \Vast`. bysti-m - Sii* :vcupi-. Inc. lns a syst-. in In,o'. :* as the P>rofu-...i lot rtis- posiu? of vwstc maicn.-d, Unit cc:iit<;n- t;i!c ami iio:i-r(i!nbt!itit;!<`. /.-.ro.din'' t<> ihe eontpany. "flic new pun -.'< s lias (!at>ilily of 'total dvstiiK Ison'of nil i cn.t-.isiil-f.s airt wlil <lmn/c by fusion ttir form ui jonk tiu-lbl:. roncu-U-. r.`vs< lc . Into i.snWc :,p. jMcy.tU- niMviia!." ficrvhv rapacity t.'iivc-s from a population of 2M,o:.al i-' .1 city the *t?.e of KVw Yo:t:. Tiie mutii. ipabty can cither own the system and rontn-rl foi man- j f-.osnnit ;ui(t oprialien, or S; i-.-ii*-. e;v will own and (!|Vi:ih- the r r!..ii).inj`, the nmniripidjiy a ft.vcd fer per ton of waste- Scicmropc, in lltuiisburp, fit. IicepiHtinly/ci IKOSa-iJ\zu mij-L-ys a pniiituient ;c- .-nt mc?st-ri:i|; tell wl.ir ti ( tiinii.iili'c t'>, 1 vd lot licpilrt 1 n11 end u-j.rm.iis r.-tpii-c d liy most trsu-rs. ModvK iiiv avrildi'!,' to itivitscrt- p::ulie-,l!y ril of t!u 1 esi-s found in Ii.*- ati"pf|i!:n-' in li.nv ciuamitice Unit v.ci; Its only I) pounds and can In- opt ial'.d rm `pjn-.'.ud AC powu 01 on srif-containrd C voii l.atury. Inter tech Corp., 262 Alexander St . I'rinccion, NJ.05<10. W'nMc (e*tment pJsnt - l.ow-cost irrntmcnl pNtU hn H'.so' i.-.pl.tf j.resv w.,vlrs is billed hs u-(|ui;in;-; 1. inilLI invr*.*n:.-:it of 1,-ss than S7,(MW. Jibi.i inounUd pic-built pad:;!.':*: unit u-rnovi-s V7 V of cok'i lion* svaslcwalcf in si.otl time. I.nvi.-oniii.i.t.it Srn-iwi. Ino., York. I'a. K Air: !i \V/,T);K Nnws P Drcrmlw IS. 1969 MQNS 031634