Document 91Bx7amZ1rrJO1NLjNz6xGQo5

456 CHAPTER 31 1960 Guide Table 12 .... Dimensions of Steel Ranged fitting* for Primary Service Pressure Rating of 150 Psi (Gage) Pipe, Fittings, Welding Table 13____Dimensions of Steel Ranges for Primary Sendee Pressure Rating of 150 Psi (Gage) 457 !2 s *` 88 70 '2 " 1* 15 16 17 i He bi Haited face (Flange Cdgel Karg Joint LIJ | fi1 E ?4s i ir E ss m1 oe & 8 f s >{|. Jill 3 o2S 2*o*o 2 go o 2 8-S Iff! 8S 2. o o-S 2 o- {J| tE T8O uo- K fill U^-g J i 3 oU-B 3S& 0,2.5 SB a U 9 1= * -cj si s i "c 2 2 ? Jl |i S9 15 Is fOgiSi2= uu i (3 t iS *s S g# s ae i 8 oC AA et cc a FF GG KH u tx a MlM ft S T ie 20 Bate DrBBag iOc 9e X a --w Vaf. u-- 6 o " uW Jo3 1 4X K. 3K 5 IX 5X m *H K 3X sx 2 ex tx IX 5 He 4 6 2 7 2 4H 3K ex 2 6 2 4H 4 ex 7.X ex 2 4H iX ex 2X 7X 2X 26X 2K 7 3 7H X 3K &H lXt 4 9 K. 4M 5 6X 6 ex 5 10 K. 7X 6 11 1 8 8 13M 1H 9 10 16 lHe 11 12 19 \x 12 6H 7 7K 8X 9 10K nx 14 16H 19 2K 8 3 9X 3 10 3H nX 4 12 4H 12X 5 liX 5H 17X 6H XX 7X 24X 2X 2X 3 3 3 3X 3X *X 5 ex 5 ex 6 ex 7 8 9 11 12 14 *K 6K 2X 8X 2X *X IH X X 3X X ex 7X 3X 9X 2X 4X 4X X X 3X X ex 8 3X 10X 3X 4X 5 He X 3X X ex 8K 3X UX 3X ex 5 ex 9X 4X 12X 3X ex 6 He X 3H X H X 4X H H7X 10X 4X 13X 3 ex 7 8X 11K ex 14X 3X 7 7 xH. ex H x*H ex H 9X I*x SK 17X 4X 8H 9 AHe % 7X H UK iex ex XX ex 9X 9 % 7X 12K 19X 7X 24X ex UX 11 1 1 9X H 14 21 IX 14 21X 7X 27 6 16 16 23K IK. 15 24 8 30 ex. 18 18 25 me 16X 2GM 8X 32 7 19 20 27H llHe 18 29 35 8 20 24 32 m 22 34 11 40M 9 24 14K 2lH 7X 27X ex 12X 11 1 1 9X 15X 24H m xx ey. 13X 11 1 1 9X ex miex XX 32X 7X 15 13X IX UX m nxish 29X 9X 35X 8X 16 13X IX nx 1SX ux22X 34X 40X 9X 18X IX X X H X X Fran American Standardfor Steel Pipe Flange* and Flanged Fitting*, ISO, 300, 400, 600, 900,1500, and 2500 Lb. ASA Bi&5*19S7. All dirw.nainas (Sto in inches. Achal diameter b tame lor dm 1 to 12 in. end is J4 in. lees then nominal tor ease 14 to 34 In. Flange fittings may be welded from sizes Vz to 24 in. in clusive (see Table 13). Socket-welding fittings also are commercially available. These fittings have a machined recess for inserting the pipe which is attached by a fillet weld between the pipe wall and socket end. Use of socket-welding fittings generally is re stricted to nominal pipe sizes 3 in. and smaller in which range commercial fittings are available. This type of fitting has gained rapid acceptance owing to its ease of installation, low cost, and ability to make a pressure-tight joint without weak ening the pipe, as is the case with threading. Dimensions for socket-welding fittings, in accordance with ASA Standard B18.11-1946, are given in Table 14. EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY Changes in temperature cause a change in dimensions of any matter. The metals that are used for pipe have the same characteristics in that they expand with increasing tempera ture. If the metal is constrained so that it cannot expand, then an internal compressive stress is set up in the material. 62 3 4 5 8 9 10 " 13 Id Naguoat Fipn SUe Hob Ovtside Thkkmxs Diameter of Ftange, of Bang* Min Diameter of Hob DteMler Beohmiag of Chamfer WMmg Neck OC X A ta>eft Through Hob Y Screwed ctip-oa socket welding lopped Welding nedc Thread length Screwed T SDp-oo socket Bore 6 lopped. Welding neck socket welding Sadnn of Bore of tapped Flange end Pipe Depth of Socket RO X 3X He lHe 0.84 H K IK H 0.88 0.90 0.62 X X X mX 1M 1.05 H H 2H H 1.09 1.11 0.82 X He 1 4X l`M 1.32 K. "K 2K. `K. 1.36 1.38 1.05 X X 1H <H X 2He 1.66 K me 2H me 1.70 1.72 1.38 He He IX 5 'He 2He 1.90 H X 2K. K 1.95 1.97 1.61 X X 26 2X 7 H ix ix3Ke 2.38 1 1 3He 2.88 1M 2H 1 2H 2.44 2.94 2.46 2.97 2.07 2.47 3 7X me 4X 3.50 lHe lHe 2H me 3.57 3.60 3-07 ix ix3X 8X me 4`K. 4.00 - IX 2'K. 4.07 4.10 3.55 -4 9 5He 4.50 lHe IK, 3 IK. 4.57 4.60 4.03 *,5 10 6He 6.56 lHe IK. 3X IK. 5.66 5.69 5-05 ix6 11 1 8 13M 7He 6.63 lHe IK. 3X lHe 6.72 6.75 6.07 ^He 8.63 IK IK 4 IK 8.72 8.75 7.98 10 16 1. 12 10.75 ime ime 4 ime 10.88 10.92 10-02 12 19 IX I4H 12.75 2K 2K. 4X 2He 12.88 12.92 12.00 He He X X K. He X. H X X lXe X m 14 21 iX 15 14.00 2K 3H 5 2K 16 23K 1H 18 16.00 2H 3He 5 2K 18 25 W 19H 18.00 2m 3>Ha ex 2lHe 20 27H ime 22 20-00 2% 4He 5`Ht 2K 24 32 1H 28^. 24.00 3H 4X 6 3K From American Standard far Steel Pip* Flanges and Flanged Fittings, ASA B1U-U57. *11 14.14 16.16 18.18 20.20 24.25 14.18 16.19 18.20 20.25 24.25 fivco Ia iadM To be spedfied by pur* chaser X X X M H This stress can be calculated, just as any other stress, by using Hooke's Law. where F -- force of constraint, pounds, e " deformation, inches. E = modulus of elasticity, pounds per square inch. A -- area of metal, square inches. L ** length of metal, inches. This equation is valuable in determining the internal stress of the pipe and also the constraining force on the anchors. This equation assumes that the stress is less than the yield strength of the metal. In other words, the metal will return to its original dimension when the temperature returns to its original level. Materials such as cast iron are not ductile, hence the yield strength is approximately equal to the ultimate strength. These materials have excellent compressive strength but poor tensile strength. For this reason, it is difficult to bend these materials appreciably. Cast iron, for example, could be put in tension and, from Table 20, it is seen that for a temperature change of 100 deg, a compressive stress of 7140 psi would be developed. If tire pipe were straight, this stress would be handled easily. If, however, the stress caused a bending mo ment, then fracture might occur. The values of stress found in Table 20 were determined by using Equation 1 and substituting Equation 2 for e e = aL&t (2) where a -- coefficient of Linear expansion, inches per inch. AT " temperature change, Fahrenheit degrees.