Document 917Z1XMR3DX68aLxbGJ80Rq7e
polirnnenn FABRICANT DE MEMBRANES
GRAPHEN
FLAGSHIP
PVDF-GO modules
El
Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche
Content
Hollow Fibers (HF) module type Experimental set-up Tested contaminants
FaRreemcolivcalpoefr: modificare lo stile del titolo dello schema
Ciprofloxacin Mixture of 14 PFASs Metals
Conclusion Next experiments planned
HF modules: PDVF-GO 3,5%
18/05/2022 8 modules PVDF-GO 3,5% 25/07/2022 3 modules PVDF Neophil + 11 modules PVDF-GO 3,5%
Materials: Graphil B3 PVDF-GO 3,5% HF weight = 432 mg Weight of GO = 15,12 mg
Materials: Neophil XS PVDF HF weight = 357 mg
Fare clic per modificare lo stile del titolo dello schema
48 fibers each, 26 cm length
Fiber edge
12 mm Fiber wall
Experimental set-up
OUT-IN modality Flow rate= 5 ml/min Washed with 2L of mQ water before use Tested on :
Ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), 5 ppm (tot V= 1L)
Fare clic per modificare lo stile del titolo dello schema
Mixture of 14 PFASs (MIX14), 0,5 ppb each (tot V=1 L)
PUMP
UF FLOW OUT-IN
Mixture of Heavy Metals, 100 ppb each (tot V= 3 L for PVDF-GO,1L for PVDF)
Cd, Pb, U, AS(V), V, Cr (III), Ni, Cu
FEED
Results ofloxacin
Removal of OFLOX by PVDF-GO
100%
% Removal
80%
60%
40%
Ciprofloxacin (CIPRO)
Fare clic per modificare lo stile d2e0%l titolo dello schema 0%
CIN = 5 ppm, Vtot= 1L
0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0
Vol (L)
Matrix: Tap water
100
q (mg/g GO)
Flow rate: 5 ml/min Configuration: OUT-IN
80
60
81 mg/gGO
40
PVDF-
20 GPVODF
0
Tot ads CIPRO: 1,22 mg Performance: 81 mg/gGO
0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1 Vol (L)
Note: the adsorption of CIPRO on PVDF is negligible
Results metals
Mixture of Heavy Metals Cd, Pb, U, AS(V), V, Cr (III), Ni, Cu
PVDF-GO 3,5% Removal Vs filtered volume
100
80
Removal %
60
CIN = 100 ppb each,
40
VMtaottr=ix3F:LTafaoprrPweVaDtcFe-rlGiOc, 1Lpfoer PrVDmF odificare lo stile d2e0 l titolo dello schema
0
Flow rate: 5 ml/min
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
Configuration: OUT-IN
Cd
Pb
U
As (V)
V
Cr (III)
Ni
Cu
PVDF Removal Vs filtered volume
100
GO improves the removal of Pb, Cr(III) and Cu
mg removed after 1 L
Pb Cr (III) Cu
PVDF-GO 3,5% 653 483 555
PVDF
581 265 147
Improvement
1.1 1.8 3.8
Removal %
80
60
40
20
0
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1
Cd
Pb
U
As (V)
V
Cr (III)
Ni
Cu
Results PFAS
100%
80%
% Removal
60%
Mixture of 14 PFAS (MIX14) 40%
Fare clic per modificare lo2s0%tile del titolo dello schema
CIN = 0,5 ppb each,
Vtot= 1L
0%
Matrix: Tap water
Flow rate: 5 ml/min
Configuration: OUT-IN 12,00
PVDF_0.5L PVDF-GO_0.5L PVDF_1L PVDF-GO_1L
10,00
cumulative ug/gremoved
8,00
No contribution of GO Adsorption performance
drops after 0,5L
6,00 4,00 2,00 0,00
0.5 L
PVDF PDVF-GO
1 L
Results PFAS test: comparison between PSU, GAC ( 1g) and PVDF modules at 0,5 L
% Removal
100% 80% 60%
F40a%re clic per modificare lo stile del titolo dello schema
20% 0%
PFBA PFPeA PFBS PFHxA PFHpA PFHxS PFOA PFNA PFOS PFDA PFUnDA PFDoDA PFTrDA PFTeDA
GAC (1g) PVDF PVDF-GO PSU-HF
Mixture of 14 PFAS (MIX14)
CIN = 0,5 ppb each, Vtot= 1L Matrix: Tap water Flow rate: 5 ml/min Configuration: OUT-IN
PVDF and PDVF-GO showed better adsorption properties on PFBS, PFHxS, PFOA, PFNA, PFOA, PFDA compared to PSU and GAC.
Conclusions
CIPRO was removed with efficiency up to 2,8 mg/g (81 mg/gGO) and only by GO doped modules.
Longer PFAS (PFHxS, PFNA, PFOA, PFDA e PFUnDA) were removed with efficiency up to 90% by both PVDF and PVDF-GO, with saturation
FoabresecrvliecdpeforrmmoodsitficoafrePFlAoSst(iPleFBdAe,l tPiFtPoeloA,dePlFlHoxsAc,hePFmHapA) after
filtering 500mL of solution. PFBS and PFOA are removed up to 80% in the first 500 mL but after the removal drops at 20%. A removal of tot. PFAS up to 10 ug/g of fiber was found for both PVDF and PVDF-GO. Pb, Cr(III) and Cu are removed by PVDF-GO with efficiency in mg removed after 1L up to 1,1 (Pb), 8 (Cr), 3,8 (Cu) times higher than PVDF.
Some modules were clogged, and the filtration did not occurs as predicted.
Experimental Set-up
Flow rate direction
Exp 1:
Exp 2:
Matrix: Tap water
Mixture of 8 organic contaminants
Mixture of 14 PFAS
Flow rate: 400 ml/min, washed
(MIX8, C 0,5 ppm each )
(MIX14, CIN =0,5 ppb each )
at 1,1Fbaarrfeorc1l0imcinputeesrbmefooredificare lo stilINe= del titolo dello schema
use
Sampling volume: 250 mL, 500 mL, 750 mL, 1L, 1.5 L, 2 L, 3 L until saturation
Amount of material in the module: 221 g of PVDF, 7,7 g of GO
Exp 3: Mixture of eight metals
( CIN =30 ppb each )
Cd, Pb, U, As, V, Cr, Ni, Cu