Document 8v4J6KoeeMwOOL2N08Bzo09d
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MEMORANDUM
To:
Merl Schwenk Paul Thompson
Cliff Watson'
April 23, 1974
Vinyl Chloride Exposure
We have just received the Federal Register, Vol. 39, No. 67 for Friday, April- 5,' 1974. In this copy OSflA has propagated a new emergency, temporary standard for exposure to vinyl chloride. The old standard was 500 ppm. The now standard is 50 ppm. As can be seen, this is a 10 to 1 reduction. A background is as follows.
Vinyl chloride is a synthetic chemical made from ethylene or
acetylene. it is the parent compound of thermal plastic
resin polymers and co-polymers widely used in containers,
wrapping tissue, electrical insulation, pipe, conduit and many
others. It has been commercially made in the U. S. since
1939. Presently, production is in excess of seven billion
pounds per year.
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Previously, it was known to be a chlorinated hydrocarbon
which has moderate liver toxicity which is where the standard
of 500 ppm was established.
On January 22, 1974 OSHA was
informed by NIOSHythat B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company had
reported deaths of several of: their employees from a rare
form of liver cancer which might have been occupationally
related.' A joint inspection was made by OSHA,'NIOSH and the
Kentucky Department of Labor of the possible hazard involved
in the manufacture of vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride on
February 15, 1974.
At the hearing the results of a laboratory test by Cesarenaltoni of Bologna wore presented. The tests were accomplished on Sprague Towley rats. The rats, mice and hamsters were exposed to concentrations of 10,000, 6,000, 2,500, 500, 250 and 50 ppm for varying periods. Some of the experiments have concluded and others are still going. The VC was introduced to the animals through inhalation.
Tumors have been observed in animals in concentrations as low as 250 ppm. No tumors have been observed in animals at 50 ppm. Three hundred animals are still being exposed to concentrations
UCC 093787