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1910.95--OCCUPATIONAL NOISE EXPOSURE (a) Protection against the effects of noise exposure shall be provided when the sound levels exceed those shown in Table G-16 when measured on the A scale of a standard sound level meter at slow response. When noise levels are determined by octave band analysis, the equivalent A-weighted sound level may be determined as follows; ficurr G-*? Table G-16--Permissible 'Noise Exposures 1 Sound level dBA slow Duration per day, hours response 8 ________ _____ _______ ____ 80 6....... 83 4 ............................. 85 3 ...................... 87 2 ...................... ................... 100 1 Vi ................. 1 ................................. 102 *4 ............................ Vi or less____________ 115 105 HO 'When the daily noise exposure is composed of two or more periods of noise exposure of different levels, their combined effect should be considered, rsther then the indi vidual effect of esch. If the sum of the following fractionsC11T1 * Ct/Ti...CiT* exceeds unity, then, the mixed ex posure should be considered to excetd the limit value. C uodicxles the lots! time of exposure St s specified noise level, end T* indicates the totsl time of exposure permitted st thil level. I AND CENTER f REOUENCv (N CVCtES EER SECOND Equivalent sound level contours. Octxve bxnd sound pres sure levels msy be converted to the equivalent A-weighlod sound level by plotting them on this graph and noting the A-wsighted sound level corresponding to the point of high est penetration into the sound level contours This equival ent A-weighted sound level, which may differ from the ac tus! A-weigbted sound level of the noise, is used to deter mine exposure limits from Table G-16. Change 19 143 mo.sstel 1910.9Mb) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS (b) (1) When employees are subjected to sound ex ceeding those listed in Table G-16. feasible ad ministrative or engineering controls shall be utilized. If such controls fail to reduce sound levels within the levels of Table G-16, personal protective equipment shall be provided and used to reduce sound levels within the levels of the table. Exposure to impulsive or impact noise should not exceed 1-40 dB peak sound pressure level, (2) If the variations in noise level involve max ima at intervals of 1 second or less, it is to be considered continuous. hearing conservation program and to enable the proper selection of hearing protectors.- (II) Where circumstances such as high work er mobility, significant variations in sound level, or a significant component of impulse noise make area monitoring generally inap propriate. the employer shall use representa tive personal sampling to comply with the monitoring requirements of this paragraph unless the employer can show that area sam pling produces equivalent results. (2) (I) All continuous, intermittent and impul sive sound levels from 80 decibels to 130 deci bels shall be integrated into the noise meas urements. (c) Hearing conservation program. (1) The employer shall administer a continu ing, effective hearing conservation program, as described in paragraphs (cl through (o) of this section, whenever employee noise exposures equal or exceed an 8-hour time-weighted aver age sound level (TWA) of 85 decibels measured on the A scale (slow response) or, equivalently, a dose of fifty percent. For purposes of the hear ing conservation program, employee noise ex posures shall be computed in accordance with Appendix A and Table G-16a, and without re gard to any attenuation provided by the use of personal protective equipment. (2) For purposes of paragraphs (c) through (n) of this section, an 8-hour time-weighted aver age of 85 decibels or a dose of fifty percent shall also be referred to as the action level. (d) Monitoring. (1) When information indicates that any em ployee s exposure may equal or exceed an 8hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels, the employer shall develop and implement a moni toring program. (I) The sampling strategy shall be designed to identify employees for inclusion in the (II) Instruments used to measure employee noise exposure shall be calibrated to ensure measurement accuracy. (3) Monitoring shall be repeated whenever a change in production, process, equipment or controls increases noise exposures to the extent that: (I) Additional employees may be exposed at or above the action level: or (II) The attenuation provided by hearing pro tectors being used by employees may be ren dered inadequate to meet the requirements of paragraph (j) of this section. () Employee notification. The employer shall notify each employee exposed at or above an 8hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels of the results of the monitoring. (f) Observation of monitoring. The employer shall provide affected employees or their repre sentatives with an opportunity to observe any noise measurements conducted pursuant to this section. (g) Audiometric testing program. (1) The employer shall establish and maintain an audiometric testing program as provided in this paragraph by making audiometnc testing 1910 9-VkMI) 44 Chsnfr 37 PO A o.-Fif;- C,ONf T DFNT T r-.i OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 1910.95^X1) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS available to all employees whose exposures be preceded by 14 hours without exposure to equal or exceed an 8-hour time-weighted aver workplace noise. age of 85 decibels. (Iv) The employer shall notify employees of (2) The program shall be provided at no cost to the need to avoid high levels of non-occupa- employees. tional noise exposure during the 14-hour peri od immediately preceding the audiometric (3) Audiometric tests shall be performed by a examination. licensed or certified audiologist, otolaryngolo gist. or other physician, or by a technician who (6) Annual audiogram. At least annually after is certified by the Council of Accreditation in obtaining the baseline audiogram, the employ Occupational Hearing Conservation, or who er shall obtain a new audiogram for each em has satisfactorily demonstrated competence in ployee exposed at or above an 8-hour time- administering audiometric examinations, ob weighted average of 85 decibels. taining valid audiograms, and properly using, maintaining and checking calibration and prop (7) Evaluation of audiogram. er functioning of the audiometers being used. A technician who operates microprocessor audi ometers does not need to be certified. A techni cian who performs audiometric tests must be responsible to an audiologist, otolaryngologist or physician. . (I) Each employee's annual audiogram shall be compared to that employee s baseline audiogram to determine if the audiogram is valid and if a standard threshold shift as de fined in paragraph (g)llOl of this section has occurred. This comparison may be done by a () All audiograms obtained pursuant to this technician. section shall meet the requirements of Appen dix C: Audiometric Measuring Instruments. (II) If the annual audiogram shows that an / employee has suffered a standard threshold (5) Baseline audiogram. shift, the employer may obtain a retest wnth- in 30 days and consider the results of the re (I) Within 6 months of an employee s first test as the annual audiogram. exposure at or above the action level, the em ployer shall establish a valid baseline audio- (III) The audiologist, otolaryngologist, or gram against which subsequent audiograms physician shall review problem audiograms can be compared. and shall determine whether there is a need for further evaluation. The employer shall (II) Mobile text van exception. Where provide to the person performing this evalua mobile test vans are used to meet the audio tion the following information: metric testing obligations, the employer shall obtain a valid baseline audiogram within 1 (a) A copy of the requirements for hearing year of an employee's first exposure at or conservation as set forth in paragraphs (cl above the action level. Where baseline audio- through (nl of this section; grams are obtained more than 6 months after the employee's first exposure at or above the (b) The baseline audiogram and most re action level, employees shall wear hearing cent audiogram of the employee to be eval protectors for any period exceeding six uated; months after first exposure until the baseline audiogram is obtained. (c) Measurements of background sound pressure levels in the audiometric test (III) Testing to establish a baseline audio- room as required in Appendix D: Audio- gram shall be preceded by at least 14 hours metric Test Rooms. without exposure to workplace noise. Hear ing protectors may be used as a substitute (d) Records of audiometer calibrations re for the requirement that baseline audiograms quired by paragraph (h)(5) of this section. Chadflr 30 144.1 1910-9$4gH7XiUMdl no A 000107 C 0:17 I [,<F NT T rV. 1910 95*kN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS (S) Follow-up procedural. (I) If a comparison of the annual audiogram to the baseline audiogram indicates a stand ard threshold shift as defined in paragraph (gM 10} of this section has occurred, the em ployee shall be informed of this fact in writ ing, within 21 days of the determination. 00 Unless a physician determines that the standard threshold shift is not work related or aggravated by occupational noise expo sure, the employer shall ensure that the fol lowing steps are taken when a standard threshold shift occurs: (a) Employees not using hearing protec tors shall be fitted with hearing protectors, trained in their use and care, and required to use them. (bl Employees already using hearing pro tectors shali be refitted and retained in the use of hearing protectors and provided with hearing protectors offering greater at tenuation if necessary. (c) The employee shall be referred for a clinical audiological evaluation or an otological examination, as appropriate, if ad ditional testing is necessary or if the em ployer suspects that a medical pathology of the ear is caused or aggravated by the wearing of hearing protectors. (d) The employee is informed of the need for an otological examination if a medical pathology of the ear that is unrelated to the use of hearing protectors is suspected, (HI) If subsequent audiometric testing of an employee whose exposure to noise is less than an 8-hour TWA of 90 decibels indicates that a standard threshold shift is not persis tent, the employer: when, in the judgment of the audiologist, oto laryngologist or physician who is evaluating the audiogram: (I) The standard threshold shift revealed by the audiogram is persistent; or (") The hearing threshold shown in the annu al audiogram indicates significant improve ment over the baseline audiogram. (10) Standard threshold shift. (I) As used in this section, a standard thresh old shift is a change in hearing threshold rela tive to the baseline audiogram of an average of 10 dB or more at 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz in either ear. (II) In determining whether a standard threshold shift has occurred, allowance may be made for the contribution of aging (presbycusis) to the change in hearing level by correcting the annual audiogram accord ing to the procedure described in Appendix F: Calculation and Application of Age Correction to Audiograms. (h) Audlomotric test requirement!. (1) Audiometric tests shall be pure tone, air conduction, hearing threshold examinations, with test frequencies including as a minimum 500, 1000, 2000. 3000. 4000, and 6000 Hz. Tests at each frequency shall be taken sepa rately for each ear. (2) Audiometric tests shall be conducted with audiometers (including microprocessor audiom eters) that meet the specifications of, and are maintained and used in accordance with. American National Standard Specification for Audiometers, S3.6-1969. (a) Shall inform the employee of the new audiometnc interpretation: and lb) May discontinue the required use of hearing protectors for that employee. (9) Revised baseline. An annual audiogram may be substituted for the baseline auchogTam (3) Pulsed-tone and self-recording audiometers, if used, shall meet the requirements specified in Appendix C; Audiometnc Measunng Instru ments. (4) Audiometric examinations shall be admin istered in a room meeting the requirements list ed in Appendix D: Audiometnc Test Rooms. 1910 95(h H -11 144.2 ChinRt 30 DO A O. CONFTUFN11^1 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 1910.95(h)(5) (5)Audiometer calibration. (I) The functional operation of the audiom eter shall be checked before each day's use by testing a person with known, stable hearing thresholds, and by listening to the audiom eter's output to make sure that the output is free from distorted or unwanted sounds. De viations of 10 decibels or greater require an acoustic calibration. (II) Audiometer calibration shall be checked acoustically at least annually in accordance with Appendix E: Acoustic Calibration of Audiometers. Test frequencies below 500 Hz and above 6000 Hz may be omitted from this check. Deviations of 15 decibels or greater re quire an exhaustive calibration (III) An exhaustive calibration shall be per formed at least every two years in accordance with sections 4.1.2; 4.1.3.; 4.1.4.3; 4,2; 4.4,1; 4 4.2; 4.4.3, and 4.5 of the American National Standard Specification for Audiometers, S3.6-1969. Test frequencies below 500 Hz and above 6000 Hz may be omitted from this calibration (1) Hearing protectors. (1) E mployers shall make hearing protectors available to all employees exposed to an 8-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels or greater at no cost to the employees. Hearing protectors shall be replaced as necessary. (2) Employers shall ensure that hearing protec tors are worn: (I) By an employee who is required by para graph (bid) of this section to wear personal protective equipment; and (II) By any employee who is exposed to an 8hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels or greater, and who; la) Has not yet had a baseline audiogram established pursuant to paragraph (g)(5Kii); or (b) Has experienced a standard threshold shift. STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS (3) Employees shall be given the opportunity to select their hearing protectors from a variety of suitable hearing protectors provided by the employer. () The employer shall provide training in the use and care of all hearing protectors provided to employees. (5) The employer shall ensure proper initial fit ting and supervise the correct use of all hearing protectors. (|) Hearing protector attenuation. 0) The employer shall evaluate hearing protec tor attenuation for the specific noise environ ments in which the protector will be used. The employer shall use one of the evaluation meth ods described in Appendix B: Methods for Es timating the Adequacy of Hearing Protection Attenuation- (2) Hearing protectors must attenuate em ployee exposure at least to an 8-hour timeweighted average of 90 decibels as required by paragraph (b) of this section. (3) For employees who have experienced a standard threshold shift, hearing protectors must attenuate employee exposure to an 8-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels or below. (4) ` The adequacy of hearing protector attenua tion shall be re-evaluated whenever employee noise exposures increase to the extent that the hearing protectors provided may no longer pro vide adequate attenuation. The employee shall provide more effective hearing protectors where necessary. (k) Training program. (1) The employer shall institute a training pro gram for all employees who are exposed to noise at or above an 8-hour time-weighted aver age of 85 decibels, and shall ensure employee participation in such program. (2) The training program shall be repeated an nually for each employee included in the hear ing conservation program. Information provid ed in the training program shall be updated to Chanpp 30 144.3 191095<kK2) 1910 95<k(2) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS be consistent with changes in protective equip ment and work processes. (3) The employer shall ensure that each em ployee is informed of the following: (I) The effects of noise on hearing; (II) The purpose of hearing protectors, the advantages, disadvantages, and attenuation of various types, and instructions on selec tion. fitting, use, and care; and (III) The purpose of audiometric testing, and an explanation of the test procedures. (l) Access to information and training materials. (1) The employer shall make available to affect ed employees or their representatives copies of this standard and shall also post a copy in the workplace, (2) The employer shall provide to affected em ployees any informational materials pertaining to the standard that are supplied to the employ er by the Assistant Secretary. (3) The employer shall provide, upon request, all materials related to the employer's training and education program pertaining to this standard to the Assistant Secretary and the Di rector. ' (m) Recordkeeping. (1) Exposure measurements. The employer shall maintain an accurate record of all em ployee exposure measurements required by paragraph (dl of this section. (2) Audiometric tests. (I) The employer shall retain all employee au diometric test records obtained pursuant to paragraph Igl of this section: (li) This record shall include: (a) Name and job classification of the em ployee; (b) Date of the audiogTam; (c) The examiner s name; (d) Date of the last acoustic or exhaustive cab'bration of the audiometer; and (e) Employee's most recent noise exposure assessment. (f) The employer shall maintain accurate records of the measurements of the back ground sound pressure levels in audiometric test rooms. (3) Record retention. The employer shall re tain records required in this paragraph (m) for at least the following periods. (I) Noise exposure measurement records shall be retained for two years. (II) Audiometric test records shall be re tained for the duration of the affected em ployee's employment. (4) Accefi to records. All records required by this section shall be provided upon request to employees, former employees, representatives designated by the individual employee, and the Assistant Secretary. The provisions of 29 CFR 1910.20(aMe) and lg)-(i) apply to access to rec ords under this secnon. (5) Tronifar of records. If the employer ceases to do business, the employer shall transfer to the successor employer all records required to be maintained by this section, and the suc cessor employer shall retain them for the re mainder of the period prescribed in paragraph (m)(3) of this section. (n) Appendices. (1) Appendices A. B, C, D, and E to this sec tion are incorporated as part of this section and the contents of these Appendices are manda tory. (2) Appendices F and G to this section are in formational and are not intended to create any additional obligations not otherwise imposed or to detract from any existing obligations. 1910 95(nil2l 144.4 Ch*ngr 30 A;A li. 5. . i- ~ !" ANF Tr-FNTT a; OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 1910.9540) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS (o) Exemption*. Paragraphs (c) through (n) of this section shall not apply to employers engaged in oil and gas well drilling and servicing opera tions. (p) Stortup dot*. Baseline audiograms required by paragraph (g) of this section shall be complet ed by March 1, 1984. APPENDIX A: NOISE EXPOSURE COMPUTATION Thli Appendix It Mandatory I. Computation of Employee Noise Exposure (1) Noise dose is computed using Table G- 16a as follows. (I) \\ hen the sound level, L, is constant over the entire work shift, the noise dose, D, in percent, is given by D=100 C/T where C is the total length of the work day, in hours, and T is the reference duration corresponding to the measured sound level L. as given in Table G^16a or by the formula shown as a footnote to that table (II) When the workshift noise exposure is composed of two or more penods of noise at different levels, the total noise dose over the work dav is given by. D=100tCrT1+C2'T2+ .. + 0^1, where C* indicates the total time of exposure at a specific noise level, and Tn indicates the reference duration for that level as given by Table G- 16a iV The eight-hour time-weighted average sound level (TWA), in decibels. ma> be computed from the dose, in percent, by means of the formula TWA= 16 61 log10 (D100I + 90 For an eignt-hour workshjft w-th the noise level constant over the entire shift, the TWA is equal to the measured sound level, TABU O-TBA--Continued A-weighted sound level. L (decibel) Reference duration. T (hourl 95 ..................................................... .... 96 ................................................................................... 97 .............................................................................. 98 .................................................................................. 99 100 ......................................................................... 101 ............................................................................... 102 103 ....................................................................... 104 .............................................................................. 105 ..................................................................... 106 .............................................. 107 ................................................................ 108 ................................................................ 109 ... 110 111 ..................................................................... 112 .............................................................................. 113 ............................................................................ 114....................................................... 115 ......................................... 116 117 , ., 118 ........................ 119 120 . . .. 121 ......................... 122 ........................................................... 123 124 125 , . . , 126 127 128 , , , 129 130 , , . , 4 3.5 3.0 2.6 2.3 2 17 1.5 1.3 1.1 1 0.87 0 76 0 66 0 57 05 0 44 0,38 0.33 0 29 0 25 0 22 019 0.16 014 0125 011 0 082 0 072 0 063 0 054 0047 0.041 0 031 (3) A table relating dose and T1A A is given in Section II TABU G-UA A-weighted sound level, L tdecibell 80 81 82 63 84 85 86 87 58 69 90 91 92 93 94 Reference duration, T (hourl 32 27.9 24 3 21 1 16,4 16 13 9 12 1 10 6 92 8 70 61 5.3 4.6 In the above table the reference duration. T. ls computed bv 6 T =--------------2<L-aovs where L is the measured A-weighted sound level II, Conversion Between "Dose ' and "8-Hour Time-Weighted Average" Sound Level Compliance wath paragraphs ici-lrl of this regulation is de termined by the amount of exposure to noise in the work place The amount of such exposure is usually measured with an audiodosimeter which gives a readout in terms of "dose " In order to better understand the requirements of the amend ment. dosimeter readings can be converted to an "8-hour time-weighted average sound level " (TWA) In order to convert the reading of a dosimeter into TWA. see Table A-l. below This table applies to dosimeters that are set by the manufacturer to calculate dose or percent expo- Change 30 144.5 1910.95 Append. A DO A 0?r-'u/ C ONF 1910 95 Append. A OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS *<ure according to the relationships in Table G -16a So. for ex ample a dose of 91 percent over an eight hour day results in a TW A of 89 3 dB and. a dose of 50 percent corresponds to a TWA of 85 dB If the dose as read on the dosimeter is less than or greater than 1 he \ alues found in Table A - 1. the TWA may be calcu- ]ata by using the formula TWA = 16 61 logic (D/I00) + 9G *here TWA = fc*hour ttme-weighted average sound level and D - accumulated dose m percent exposure Tobi* A-l.--Conversion From "Psrcoftf Nol* Exposure" or "Dom" to "S-Hour Tlm-Waightod Avorag* Sound Lovol" (TWA) Dose or percent noise eiposure 10 :o j= '0 i ;i 40 45 {1 'J f, TO iQ r1 t_2 is 3 FA F0 ?9 -0 -i 1 2 94 95 96 y? Uk yy 100 101 n~ :ou 104 105 106 107 108 109 : 10 71 ' i^ 1 13 1 14 TWA 73 4 76,3 78.4 80 0 81.3 82 4 83.4 64.2 85.0 85 7 86 3 86.9 87,4 87.9 86 4 88.5 88,6 88 7 88 7 88 8 88 9 89 0 89.1 89 2 89,2 89 3 89 4 89 5 89 6 89.6 89 7 89.8 89.9 89 9 90.0 90 1 90 1 90 2 90.3 90 4 90 4 90 5 90.6 90 6 90.7 90.8 90.8 90,9 90.9 Tobla A-l. --Coflaaraion From "Partant Noli# tipoiura'' or "Doaa" 10 "1-Hour Tlma-Walghtad Avaroga Sound Laval'' (TWA1--Continued ose or percent noise exposure TWA 115 . 116. . 117......... 118 119 120. .. 125......... 130 . 135-----140 145 ISO 155 . 160. . 165 170 175 180____ 185____ 190 . . 195 200 210 220 . . . 230 . . 240 250 . , 260 270 280 , 290 300 310 320 . . 330 ... 340 350 360 370 . 380 390. . 400 . . 410 420 . . 430 . 440 , , 450 460 470 480 . . 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 , . . 560 570 580 91 1 91 1 91 1 91 2 91 3 91 3 91 6 91 9 92 2 92 4 92 7 92 9 93 2 93 4 93 6 93 8 94 0 94 2 94 4 94 6 94 8 95 0 95 4 95,7 96 0 96 3 96 6 96 9 97 2 97 4 97 7 97 9 98 2 98 4 98 6 98 8 99 0 99 2 99 4 99 6 99 8 100 0 100 2 100 4 100 5 100 7 100,8 101 0 101 2 101 3 101 5 101 6 101 8 101.9 102 0 102.2 102 3 102 4 102.6 102 7 1910 95 Append A 144.6 Change 30 DO A o?o\o; r,ow -T r,pp4T T hO OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 1910 95 Apptivd. A STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 oo "20 7 30 7-10 "50 760 770 780 790 1*00 510 820 630 640 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 , 930 94 0 950 960 970 980 990 999 Table A-1.--Conversion* From "Percent Nolte Kxpoiure" or "Dote" to "ft-Houf Time-Weighted Average Sound level" (TWA) --Continued Dose or percent noise exposure TWA 102 g 102 9 103.0 103 2 103,3 103 4 103 5 103,6 103 7 103 8 103 9 104 0 104 1 104 2. 104 3 104 4 104 5 104 6 104 7 104 8 104 9 105 0 105 1 105 2 105 3 105 4 105 4 105.5 105 6 105 7 105,8 105 8 105 9 106 0 106.1 106 2 106,2 106 3 106 4 106 5 106 5 106.6 IEPA) According to ERA regulation, the NRR must be shown on the hearing protector package, The NRR is then rela ted lo an individual worker s noise environment in order to assess the adequacy of the attenuation of a given hearing pro tector, This Appendix describes four methods of using the NRR to determine wnether a particular hearing protector provides adequate protection w'ithm a given exposure envi ronment Selection among the four procedures is dependent upon the employer s noLse measuring instruments. Instead of using the NRR, employers may evaluate the ade quacy of hearing protector attenuation by using one of the three methods developed by the National Institute for Occu pational Safety and Health (NIOSH). which are described in the List of Persona.) Hearing Protectors and Attenuation Data. 1 HEW Publication No 76-120, 1975. pages 21--37. These methods are known as NIOSH methods #1, #2 and #3 The NRR described below is a simplification of NIOSH meth od t'2 The most complex method is NIOSH method /l. which is probably the most accurate method since it uses the largest amount of spectral information from the individual em ployee s noise environment As in the case of the NRR meth od described below, if one ot the NIOSH methods is ussd, the selected method must be applied to an maividual's noise envi ronment to assess the adequacy of the attenuation Employ ers should be careful to take a sufficient number of measurements in order to achieve a representative sample for each time segment Note --The employer must remember that calculated attenu ation values reflect realistic values only to the extent that the protectors are properly fitted and worn, When using the NRR to assess hearing protector ade quacy. one of the following methods must be used (I) When using a dosimeier that is capable of C-weighted measurements (A) Obtain the employees C weighted dose for the entire workshift, and convert to TWA (see Appendix A, II), (B) Subtract the NRR from the C weighted TWA to obtain the estimated A-weignted TWA under the ear protector, (II) When using a dosimeter that is not capable of C-weighted measurements, the following method may be used (A) Convert the A weighted dose to TWA (see Appendix A) APPENDIX B: METHODS FOR ESTIMATING THE ADEQUACY OF HEARING PROTECTOR ATTENUATION This Appendix It Mondatory For employees who have experienced a significant thresh old shift, hearing protector attenuation must be sufficient to reduce employee exposure to a TWA of 85 dB, Employers must select one of the following methods by which to esti mate the adequacy of hearing protector attenuation, The most convenient method is the Noise Reduction Rating (NRRi developed by the Environmental Protection Agency (B) Subtract 7 dB from the NRR (C) Subtract the remainder from the A-weighted TWA to ob tain the estimated A-weighted TW A under the ear protector (HI) When using a sound level mei.er set to the A-weightmg network: (A) Obtain the employee s A-weighted TWA. (B) Subtract 7 dB from the NRR. and subtract the remainder from the A weighted TW A to obtain the estimated A-weight ed TWA under the ear protector. (Iv) When using a sound level meter set on the C-weighting network Change 30 144.7 1910.95 Append B no A OOF, 1 0 3 C JNF 7 uF NTT At 1910 95 Append B OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS and interpretations (A) Obtain a representative sample of the C weighted sound levels m the employee s environment (1) Subtract the NRR from the C-weighted average sound level to obtain the estimated A-weighted TWA unaer the ear protector (v) hen using area monitoring procedures and a sound level meter set to the A-weighing network, (A) Obt-atn a representative sound level for the area in queslion (B) Subtract 7 dB from the NRR and subtract the remainder from the A-weighied sound level for that area (vi) When using area monitoring procedures and a sound lev** el meter set to the C-weightmg network' (A) Obtain a representative sound level for the area in ques tion (B) Subtract the NRR from the C weighted sound level for that area APPENDIX C: AUDIOMETRIC MEASURING INSTRUMENTS raent at least six times at that test frequency At each test frequency the threshold shall be the average of the midpoints of the tracing excursvona. APPENDIX D: AUDIOMETRIC TEST ROOMS Tbit Appendix la Man^iofy Rooms used for audiometnc testing shall not have back ground sound pressure levels exceeding those in Table D-l when measured by equipment conforming at least to the Type 2 requirements of American 'National Standard Speci fication for Sound Level Meters. Si.4-1971 IR19761. and to the Class II requirements of American National Standard Specification for Octave, Half-Octave, and Third-Octave Band Filter Sets. Sl.l 1-1971 (R1976), Toble -- Allowable Octave- Band Sound Praftiur* levels tor Audio- metric Test Booms Octave-band center frequency tHzl. . . Sound pressure level (dBl .. 500 1000 2000 4000 bOOO 40 40 47 57 62 This Appendix li Mandatory 1 In the event that pulsed-tone audiometers are used, they 5naU have a tone on time of at least 200 milliseconds 7. Self recording audiometers shall comply wuh the follow ing requirements (A) The chart upon which the audiogram is traced shall have lines at positions corresponding to all multiples of lOdB hear ing levei within the intensity range spanned by the audiome ter The lines shall be equally spaced and shali.be separated ov at least *4 men Additional increments are optional The audiogram pen tracings shall not exceed 2 dB in width. (B) It shall be possible to set the stylus manually at the 10dB increment lines for calibration purposes (C) The slewing rate for the audiometer attenuator shall not be more than 6 dB/sec except that an initial slewing raLe greater than 6 dB sec is permuted at the beginning of each new test frequency, but only until the second subject re sponse (D) The audiometer shall remain at each required test frequenev for 30 seconds li 3 secondsi, The audiogram shall be ciearlv marked at each change of frequency and the actual frequency change of the audiometer shall not deviate from frequency boundaries marked on the audiogram by more than * 3 seconds It) it must be possible at each teat frequency to place a hori zontal hne segment parallel to the tune axis on the audiogTatn such that the audiomeinc tracing crosses the line seg APPENDIXE: ACOUSTIC CALIBRATION OF AUDIOMETERS ThU Appandlx Is Mandatory Audiometer calibration shall be checked acoustically, at least annually, according to the procedures described in this Appendix The equipment necessary to perform these tneasurments is s sound level meter, octsve-band filter sei. and a National Bureau of Standards 9A coupler In making these measurements, the accuracy of the calibrating equipment shall be sufficient to determine that the audiometer is within the tolerances permitted by American Standard Specification for Audiometera, S3.6-1969. (1) Sound Prptsur* Output Check A. Place the earphone coupler over the microphone of the sound level meter and place the earphone on the coupler. . Set the audiometer's bearing threshold level IHTLl dial to TO dB C. Measure the sound pressure level of the tones that each test frequency from 500 Hz througn 6000 Hz for each ear phone. D. At each frequency the readout on the sound level meter should correspond to the levels in Table -] or Table E-2. as appropriate, for the type of earphone, in the column entitled "sound level meter reading 1910.95 Append. E 144.8 Change X q - p ; t-,A po C ON It ~ 1 r N^ T ^ occupational safety and health 1910 95 Append. E STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS (?) Lln*orlty Ch*ck A W ith i he earphone in place, set the frequenev to ! 000 Hz und the HTL dial on the audiometer to TO dB B. Measure the sound levels in the coupler at each 10-dH decrement from TO dB to 10 dB, noting the sound level meter reading at each setting C. For each 10-dB decrement on the audiometer the sound level meter should indicate a corresponding 10 dB decrease D. This measurement may be made electrically with a volt meter connected to the earphone terminals (3) Tolerant** \\ hen anv of the measured sound levels deviate from the level? in Table E-l or Table E-2 by 7: 3 dB at any test fre quenev between 500 a-nd 3000 Hz, 4 dB at 4000 Hz. or 5 dB at bOOO Hz an exhaustive calibration is advised An exhaustive calibration is required if the deviations are greater than 10 dB at any test frequency, ::00 1 0 0[ 1 2000 3000 400'; 600- Table E-l. -- fi*f*r*nt* Threthoid Lev*!* for Telephonic* -- TDH-34 Eorphon#* Frf-quencv , Hz Reference threshold level for TDH-39 ear phones, dB 11 5 7 9 10 95 15 6 Sound level meter reading, dB SI 5 77 79 80 79 5 85 5 500 :uoo 2000 3UU0 4000 6000 Tabl* E-2. -- Reference Threshold Lav*I* for Telephonic*-- TDM-41 Earphon** } requenc v Hz Reference threshold level for TDH-49 ear phones, dB 13 0 75 11 95 10 5 13.5 Sound level meter reading, dB 83 5 77 5 81 0 79 5 80 5 83 5 APPENDIX F: CALCULATIONS AND APPLICATION OF AGE CORRECTIONS TO AUDIOGRAMS This Appendix (t Non-Mondafory In determining whether a standard threshold shift has oc curred, allowance may be made for the contribution of aging lo the change in hearing level by adjusting the most recent audiogram I f the employer chooses to adjust the audiogram, the employer shall follow the procedure described below This procedure and the age correction tables were developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in the criteria document entitled "Criteria for a Recommended Standard , , Occpational Exposure to Noise. I(HSM)- 11001) Fsr each audiomemc test frequency (I) Determine from Tables F-l or F-2 the age correction values for the employee by (A) Finding the age at which the most recent audiogTam was taken and recording the corresponding values of age correc tions at 1000 Hz through 6000 Hz, (B) Finding the age at which the baseline audiogram was taken and recording the corresponding values of age corrections at 1000 Hz through 6000 Hz (II) Subtract the values found in step UiiA) from the value found in step miB) (III) The differences calculated in step (jjj represented that portion of the change m hearing that mav be due to aging Example Emplovee is a 32-year-oid male The audiometnc history for his right ear is shown in decibels below Empiov ee * ape 26 *27 28 29, , 30 , 31 *32 ............. Audiometric test frequency iHzi 1000 2000 3000 4000 6000 10 D 5 10 5 0 00 5 5 0 0 0 10 5 5 0 5 15 5 0 5 10 20 10 5 10 20 15 15 5 10 10 25 20 The audiogram at age 27 is considered the basehne suite u shows the best hearing threshold levels Asterisks have b^r, used to identify the baseline and most recenL audiogTam A threshold shift of 20 dB exists at 4000 Hz between the audio grams taken at ages 27 and 32 (The threshold shift is computed by subtracting the hear mg threshold at age J7 which was 5 from the hearing thresh old at age 32 which is 25) A retest audiogram has confirmee this shift The contribution of aging to this change in hearing may be estimated m the following manner 1910 95 Append. F OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS Go lo Tablf F-l and find the age correction values Mn dBl for 4000 Hz at age 27 and age 32 Age 32 Age 27 ___ Difference . . Frequency iHzi 1000 2000 3000 4000 6000 6 5 7 10 U 54 6 7 11 1113 3 The difference represents the amount of heanng loss that may be attributed to aging in the tune period between the basebne audiogram and the most,recent audiogram In this example, the difference at 4000 H2 is 3 dB This value is sub tracted from the hearing level at 4000 Hz. which in the most recent audiogTam is 25. yielding 22 after adjustment Then the hearing threshold in the baseline audiogram at 4000 Hz '5i is subtracted from the adjusted annual audiogram hearing threshold at 4000 Hz 122J Thus the age'corrected threshold shift would be 17 dB (as opposed to a threshold shift of 20 dB without atrecorrection! Tobl# F-1. --Ag* Correction Value* In Dacibalt For Malas Years 20 or vounger 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 25 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 36 39 ... 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 4* 49 50 5i 52 53 54 Audiometric Test Frequencies iHz> 1000 2000 3000 4000 6000 5345 s 534 5 8 "D 3 4 5 8 53469 5356 9 5 3 5 7 10 5 4 5 7 10 5 4 6 7 11 6 4 6 8 11 6 4 6 8 12 6 4 6 9 12 6 4 7 9 13 6 5 7 - 10 14 b 5 7 10 14 6 5 8 11 15 7 5 8 ii 15 7 5 9 12 16 7 6 9 12 17 7 6 9 13 17 7 6 10 14 18 7 6 10 14 19 7 6 10 14 20 8 7 11 16 20 6 7 12 16 21 8 7 12 17 22 8 7 13 18 23 8 8 13 19 24 8 14 19 24 9 8 14 20 25 9 9 15 21 26 9 9 16 22 27 9 9 16 23 28 9 10 17 24 29 9 JO 18 25 30 10 10. 18 26 J1 Tabla F-l. -- Ag Correction Valuat in D^cibol* For Mala* -- Continued Years 55 56 ........... 57. . 58 .. . 59 60 or older .... Audiometric Test Frequencies iHz} 1000 2000 3000 4000 6000 10 11 19 27 32 10 11 20 28 34 10 11 21 29 35 10 12 22 31 36 11 12 22 32 37 ll 13 23 33 38 TobU f- J- -- Ag* Correction Voiua* in For Fomoioi Years 20 or younger 21 22 23 , 24 25 26, 27. . 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36. 37 36 39 , 40 41 42, . 43. 44 , 45 46 47, . 48 49 . 50 51. 52. 53 54 55, 56 57 58 59 60 or older Audiometric Test Frequencies (Hzl 1000 2000 3000 4000 6000 74336 74436 744 46 7544 7 754 4 7 854 4 7 855 4 8 855 58 fi 5 5 5 8 855 59 865 5 9 866 59 9 6 6 6 10 9 6 6 6 10 9 6 6 6 10 9 6 7 7 11 9 7 7 7 11 9 7 7 7 12 10 7 7 12 10 " 8 12 10 7 8 13 10 6 8 8 13 10 8 9 9 13 11 8 9 9 14 11 8 9 9 14 11 8 10 10 15 11 9 10 10 15 11 9 10 11 16 12 9 11 11 16 12 9 i 1 11 16 12 10 11 12 17 12 10 12 12 17 12 10 12 13 18 13 10 13 13 18 13 11 13 14 19 13 11 14 14 19 13 11 14 15 20 13 11 15 15 20 14 12 15 16 21 14 14 12 12 16 16 16 17 21 30 1910 95 Append F 144 10 Change 30 no A POM At-, f 0!\iF T OF NT T Al occupational safety and health 1910.95 Append. G STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS APPENDIX G: MONITORING NOISE LEVELS NON-MANDATORY INFORMATIONAL APPENDIX This appendix provides information to help employers com ply with the noise monitoring obligations that are part of the hearing conservation amendment What is the purpose of noise monitoring0 This revised amendment requires that employees be placed in a hearing conservation program if they are exposed to average noise levels of 85 dB or greater during an 8 hour workday In order to determine if exposures are at or above this level, it may be necessary to measure or monitor the actual noise levels in the workplace and to estimate the noise exposure or "dose received by employees during the work day When is it necessary to implement a noise monitoring pro gram? It is not necessary for every employer to measure work place noise Noise monitoring or measuring must be con ducted only when exposures are at or above 85 dB Factors which suggest that noLse exposures in the workplace may be at this level include employee complaints about the loudness of noise, indications that employees are losing their hearing, or noisv conditions which make normal conversation difficult The employer should also consider any information available regarding noise emitted from specific machines In addition, actual workplace noise measurements can suggest whether or not a monitoring program should be initiated How is noise measured? Basically, there are two different instruments to measure noise exposures' the sound level meter and the dosimeter. A sound level meter is a device that measures the intensity of sound at a given moment, Since sound level meters provide a measure of sound intensity at only one point in tune, it is gen eral]) necessary to take a number of measurements at differ ent tunes during the day to estimate noise exposure over a workday, If noise levels fluctuate, the amount of time noise remains at each of the various measured levels must be deter mined To estunate employee noise exposures with a sound level meier it is also generally necessary to take several measure ments at different locations within the workplace After ap propriate sound level meter readings are obtained, people sometimes draw `maps ' of the sound levels within different areas of the workplace By using a sound level "map and in formation on employee locations throughout the day. esti mates of individual exposure levels can be developed This measurement method is generally referred to as area noise monitoring A dosimeter is like a sound level meter except that it stores sound level measurements and integrates these measure ments over time, providing an average noise exposure read ing for a given period of tune such as an 8-hour workday Vi ith a dosimeter, a microphone is attached to the employee s clothing and the exposure measurement is simply read at the end of the desired time period A reader may be used to read out the dosimeter s measurements Since the dosuneter is worn by the employee, it measures noise levels in those ioca tions in which the employee travels A sound level meter can also be positioned within the immediate vicinity of the ex posed worker to obtain an individual exposure estimate Such procedures are generally referred to as persona/ noise moni toring. Area monitoring can be used to estunate noise exposure when the noise levels are relatively constant and employees are not mobile. In workplaces where employees move about in different areas or where the noise intensity tends to fluctuate over tune, noise exposure is generally more accurately esti mated by the personal monitoring approach In situations where personal monitoring is appropriate, proper positioning of the microphone is necessary to obtain accurate measurements With a dosimeter, the microphone is generally located on the shoulder and remains in that position for the eniue workday. With a sound level meter, the micro phone is stationed near the employee s head, and the instru ment is usually held by an individual who follows the em ployee as he or she moves about, Manufacturer's instructions, contained m dosimeter and sound level meter operating manuals, should be followed for calibration and maintenance. To ensure accurate results, it is considered good professional practice to calibrate instru ments before and after each use How often is it necessary to monitor noise levels0 The amendment requues that when there are significant changes in machinery or production processes that may re sult in increased noise levels, remonitonng must be con ducted to determine whether additional employees need to be included in the hearing conservation program. Many com pames choose to remomtor periodically lonce every year or two! to ensure that all exposed employees are included in their hearing conservation programs Where can equipment and technical advice be obtained0 Noise monitoring equipment may be either purchased or rented Sound level meters cost about $500 to $1,000. while dosimeters range in pnee from about $750 to $1,500 Smaller companies may find it more economical to rent equipment rather than to purchase it. Names of equipment suppliers may be found in the telephone book (Yellow Pages) under headings such as: "Safety Equipment." "Industrial Hy giene. ' or "Engineers-Acoustical." In addition to providing information on obtaining noise monitoring equipment, man\ companies and individuals included under such listings can provide professional advice on how to conduct a valid noise monitoring program. Some audiological testing firms and m dustnal hygiene firms also provide noise monitoring services Universities with audiology, industrial hygiene, or acoustical engineering departments may also provide information or may be able to help employers meet their obligations under this amendment. Free, on-site assistance may be obtained from OSHA-supported state and private consultation organizations These Change ilO 144.11 1910 95 Append. G DO A GOD 1f 7 C ONF T OF A T T Al 1910 95 Append. G OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS safety and health consultative entities generally give priority to the needs of small businesses See the attached directory for a baling of organization to contact for aid Q&Vk, OiSJTE CO*iL/LTA*nC#1 P^OJiCT D**CTOY __A)&om+* Co^y^rtor' Pnv*', p o ooos urrotei Wtei_ _ _-- _____ _ Stow o' Aim*. Mhvvi a uatjw Occumiww' 5w) A Hoadv J30i EogM *. 032. . GW) 7- (pon I w Ctmn*r+ 1*mr ari t^teh. m too ioot*. 'U4 n uh eru. A/m. IMOL ____ ttewn Cv 4M `.woo w ij+m *m n* V utm Pm* m. vn*- ... Citewm________ ___ Ouoftu :1.4|B tvm*. M n**, Vi l^saa am Aa ^ rrnc*w cm, >i02. Com-w*_____________tod* a wh*i >tpw, Ccaouao turn uwowdi, w nm [i*n.in>* . 11 Vi mm m briN Fad < Ocm*ctorf _._________ ___ al Oiacttn >'H| 4 HaWTi ConnoctetA PmiHw' W I *+ 200 Fo*y fctA n* W-IM2, Id Hi* ftcr-aro. v* i <v nti, pa lhr,K -- - -n { t& 3N*n__________ _ __ CWtwl OmaTHteA of UU Onw c* h^JiTH Afln WC Marti Froncft State. At\ ftoff t**j CMTC (# CvwWa__ War* V*** CM. MOTt OccmwrW SWWi A Huff CMtete Dtattt o' GoArt**. tJvvtrwl EmeOayirvK Srt)*t Wj * Utw nnrk 20 * i kJ! State Kt_ CXC. ?*QW _ OtowiM W item A [AfbfWii Santey Sm1**/ O' Mm S*W*y and Hoorti Lofty Ml pro t9^r230 Mr Up mu U W*m Acv^ rM On (Oil J0ii M Jorn C Gtvw Aw fem JDi. 2441 *-- Gmm Ckteo *404, TIMMM4 no. UAL _ . ___ tra*K 0>h*:utpt OMaiofv Tovmcgy m Ha i teipmn uxnuv Lvv rnw Strbc*V Hmvi >i,t s' TocTvwos^y AWte. Oa ____________ Vvfrt w Ubv Ommrrrm* o' Ouvn. rtSM Own Uw Fotety, A^n*. tkja* >4*71_________ ______ __ luKn vO ATMion arntv Otewxt te QcoupdtW S4M*y trd Mn Stew 1Q ATT AH (404) aao-Moa, m w# c Kow*ru amm m cova I* r73-2^ x*K Sm *mi. Dw POM M Doa A4. ftiantt^v 1 Mon. Mjwoi. mo*m tmix _________ _______ O&nA CMK C#*Atn Pre^an, Sow tv* UrIIi B Onwta I SaS-Mgl, & DMn EMnkorv Dncip id*0 UnAowdy CMte. (kM*. Kara A37J5, ________ ,, [> w te huilg W-<W Pool, te Con^mcd tt OtvtnMtv AJTa-t. no S if7_oi40/42i# (TjMi Mi or a AlWM >0 FWw. CMmyt. a. W1 . _ .. ____ lkn*j w Late* VP L 3*r*wi lrA 0m Mu* m _. ------. ------- ------------- - _ Bmw 0* Steih, lAtoW WJ rrtiop [hw w LAS. 10U SitM QMoa _______________ 'jtwm pool O' kOjrrv 0.1.1 UM 401 Tqqm Ar*, TopoAA. Km M0Q3^__________ --____________ [topi n Trwwi^ Ooo4m Uiq rd mm 'n.m l>oi--i Later. ij7 17? fcu^ FrtfMAn Kf 40*01 ________ -_____ Ate HrteH |i|M id e*l FV ttl Mono____________________ or m.tf o' hltit Utety. Mom Pop! o' Lftet. Ubv 44 Mate Oteoo BoActena oon 2te~*rn, id Loam wrote Orooc- A?4li Itena frifn Mjrrtentl _______ __ Ccno^Mten W^teva. OMoten O' Later A nduvty *01 SL, F*J Ptecs. BoTtenoro, IW >! 7l}07 . O0l> wm vie te Itea crarmy Mrwl f"aryja FlcHD ^Ha 10171 7>7-*M7. Mr EteteW r^a.i.-a,, Aw Otacm MVigor f>iooryw _ Mcngte fSoAopyl _ Spwaor Auyon lLte^> 0<tem <4 0ootte4 rteteVi >*Ti_w Ooot d ^^rte Mom K LO^W Lonorr^ 4--00 ... S-fte^r i irtrmq O-wm amtem te Satar tend AojWfcPi. uteteQ**' DteJteaw te L^aa. 71 SO rfte Bo* 70011 Lanar^. MrcTtgon 4aKM __Tot<4 m e*oA IM. DopMTwa o' lav tete KJm>t. S*i ftw ooo PteA Wt\ MVOI Md * _ dtev or Omteri SaA vte Moody kMtei Mate Aoori M hmmk PO Ba iTTM (Ii7) 77VI410 I* rw^ cram. CM (Sl7>MB-i00 Id AMMteno CM *ia M-C071 la Tommy Tn, p*t**a Mnyp l| WM OBll Id Motet L Ldoa. P ii.ii IMaf DwM 0 LMm arm tnduOTM Wancra 712 Jvior--i flo!. jAte'aan Or Mi Adi Mir teFtei teJwr O' SV*y A Hooflh. Pitf V Wptei CvrwteOMiin. til Frv* Snot. I ten . i-^ca teO-OTO*. PU) 7$i>*40a te Pmm lm*y m irwo. f4(M) i a* Mt Id l Gaerarwate CNte. MoVooot Ctetten 0 taov Siato mu tefevi Sw Cypani PO Bw MOOD Lrctev 471-MI (AIM te Pooii'vii m Omi4teio S*to*y or rteowv Nnoia Maite Comy^^teik AH L Mdt fro --a i>te> ia A*v> Tn H* Cvovr C*T MO* 714 itea NayMK Mxn rorn aae Ci 'te . MW MtevteA D C. 2D210. Pwt era . teo* Ak-oot Paanoi or lav on* mai| Ciiteten tt tevi Am cv) ^ais rra-o-i77-731J, na *** om*. a^ Trormv te* Joy 0Bt2S 09l 1A Cvmtteteav MoorVi 4te [nowm OyiyOivl. Entetw pfi) MM3T. te Mite M SM.po PnMW Mr*. CtaMteO Mate* A Soten SiLtejy 4J1* MipAm'A; BnitiM. te^ llMMapa MOv Hi te |7l0i O r--ji te Botete m roidy m vvn IteM popv>w te Labv. 7 wo*te Tram Cnt Aha ne m-774077, m jjaov woo, p i^u * UM N* Ten Mm t idM7 Octet ij Ctetedteavi Stevtea. MteM Cvoon* Dtovtevr te Lteo. 4 teote bterM Btete. tear M-C 91) 73S-4O06 te CM norm. Orocte 27001 a r te ImvwoiB "inaw Dwnwi te >mdi. mm 0*M a*te| i>oo kam (701) 0^-04$ te Jdy Own QWv iovi Stetew. m Dao. MM o______________________ Ctevtw* te nfttev Form a i mi te om Cn aarp. P 0 la UL HZ3 t* (Bte mi-1475 (Tod-dao w Bawl, pit] odd-74*9, te AteM CoAteM. erv 4*710 ATtem Oa*rO PAteW Mdte COHA a IQBI OMPwma CW"H te Lteiv. Bttao Cootea. ua n*. PMna COy Oteo. ftf-^*4oi te Otete w iifjai Dtema. 71109 CmMM iOTOtel 0--> i4< te Worm Cahill ter. lULWai Pi--*tei O wppl AdVO pCO) 1 i0l SjWq i >iiO Fm Sna wt. Sown, rn^pi ittig ________ Fo . OAm evil JMWW1 dro^arfa. 4oO 10471 m flate raw. wiOifMi oc. vti*. Atete tm my A HOWBI Putew MB [Mte W L^v VW item `ilnuim BOB item Moi W* lid FW how A#t PwteW tea* OCdH W Pmmi inartL Fm* owd CWompt w mmv. T>w Cama Mflh| VO wa Bjina. Mm tteu, #u am liian Q lad Coreara rteewnruai w Laav. PO Bat nim rnTn~ma 9C I0J11 turn 7*4-41)4. id JVW Oaa. Amte Bawaaa Map. tvi) m-aam id am E. ^*y aw KF9) 7** B0J l. te ften Prn. Otearn. 7lM(ll 1 1910 9.0 Apprnd G 144.12 Change 30 Do a nrsu-r' OONFIOFNITAI OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 1910.95 Append G STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS OSHA OHSJTI CONSIATATTC* PROJICT DIRECTORY--Contrwd Jut* Iol*1 OAuBa . Ce*+A*9ar. $Ove 0**-CA $r* ITJkt E. -C \J H>\ fOt ^.gaiF) C--W^SOSO (Vwox* * M. J7Q07 ________CSKA Cw^rfw ftrA3M. Tvtwm CW*9> I4fc4 2nd Nh^ Tktiwh }7M 401 Uncn -- ..^ DMtcn s* Oaxewoon* 4.f*Y rC SUM &4*4*j Tbd Diptftvl A MjjIw, UQQ m 4** *a1 Aovtrv Tb 7*714. LrtBV VA flW <1Q1 I* J** C*^\ Or+atm 0i$ ?41-J7*3 It L K Oi^ C-*C* *d S'C *44-77*7, Uf W^kv <1 *. l*bt________ ________ _ W Jot \*9*i b^d H#** Cor*Skfc* SrAA lA *004, &*n* 7 W'*B X 01) s-7*77/1^*, I* K W. **9v Prc#cj Chew Sa#V Sl LM Oy lAdi 44101 E* w I^rrtyd *ta*r and Vrai Lo r0 KJuhy tit f*oa *3*-T7*fi l* Aofc4C Mato*. en**d 0fr*aa Blfc'.at___ __ _ _ Wi___ ___ WM VV^B_______ ___ S*b*C Ii4ja* v\ M402 DdM^^a * Uta An) *&>. 4 0 (ka 12044, 204 N. 4#* 9*. ^Uil. V* 0341_____ M |# Aotwl f-----^tT'A 44 Otrgrtgfd torty and Hiatv W^i mm-.* 0*o*TTBr4 tf L*4*, Up** i***. 0CBQ 772-im, 4* Iaa uatcb. 0*ur OiayOW Hscn 277. 7^W4i**a, W^r Ulna COMO Dapwrvt of Labor Aid 4 O la J07 O^r-tr*^. W44K M40* _______ __________________ pom rW-*SOC 14 oarraa Va^ vli OwW w w^B C^tHrtT^t sf Labor, Rem 46i, Sum Cap** 1*00 W*A-\tr Iam. m *-*06-7M0. 14 1 -- i~ - r OarMA w vl nxe, WWCTrwi (Sr7y1 ------ O-TBon A vxJ MerMnO BnC. W ******. Dbcattw* <* frx3un-y LaCxr and Hfe^iar RaUfcrd. IS70 E. U'H w>:,r^0-------- ---- --_ wyAo2m00r2^. CteUattTB Warti ah3 S*>*rr CkAhai 200 EaA *A Avaxa, Ph,*Y4 Wyo fi'O 111 WVK, 14 %tr< L*-|-awi ' |A mw qumT> a777i-m77*4. fr+ DwaA 0wA#y " at rd SaA% APPENDIX H: AVAILABILITY OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS Paragraphs, ic) through tot of 29 C'FR 1910 95 and the ac companying appendices contain provisions which incorporate publications by reference Generally, the publications provide criteria for instruments to be used in monitoring and audiometric testing These criteria are intended to be mandatory when so indicated ui the appbcable paragraphs of Section 1910 95 and appendices It should be noted that OSHA does not require that em ployers purchase a copy of the referenced publications Em plovers, however, may desire to obtain a copy of the ref' erenced publications for their own information The designation of the paragraph of the standard in which the referenced publications appear, the titles of the pubhea tions, and the availability of the publication are as follows Paragraph designation Appendix B Appendix D 1910 95(kK2). appendix E. Appendix D Referenced publication Available from -- List of Personal Hearing Pro tectors and Attenuation Data. HEW Pub No, 76120 1975, NTIS-PB267461 Specification for Sound Level Meters, Si.4-1971 (R1976J Specifications for Audio meters. ' S3 6-1969. Specification for Octave, Half-Octave and Third-Oclave Band Filter Sets,'' SI 11-1971 IR1976) National Technical Information Service Port Koval Road. Spring-held V A 22161 American National Standards Institute. Inc,. 1430 Broad way, New York. NY 10018 American National Standards Institute, Inc, 1430 Broad way. New York, NY 10018 Back Numbers Department, Dept. STD, American Insti tute of Physics, 333 E, 45 St , New York NY 10017. Ameri can National Standards Insti lute, Inc , 1430 Broaawav, New York NY 10018 The referenced publications tor a microfiche of the publica tions! are available for review at many universities and public libraries throughout the country These publications may also be examined at the OSHA Technical Data Center, Room N2439. United States Department of Labor. 200 Constitution Avenue, \W , Washington. D C 20210. (2021 523-9700 or at any OSHA Regional Office (see telephone directories under United States Government --Labor Department) APPENDIX I: DEFINITIONS These definitions apply to the following terms as used m paragraphs Idthrough in) of 29 CFR 1910 95 Action level--An 8-hour time^weighted average of 85 decibels Change 30 144.13 1910 95 Append I f-' ( j h Cj ' 5j ] 9 :r r\Tiv.i 1910 95 Approd, I OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS measured on the A scale, slow response or equivalently, a dose of fifty percent, Audiogram-- A chart, graph, or table resulting from an audiometric test showing an individual s hearing threshold lev els as a function of frequency Audiologist -- A professional specializing in the study and rehaodiUation of hearing, who is certified by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association or Licensed by a state board of examiners Baseline audiogram --The audiogTam against which future audiograms are compared. Criterion sound level-- A sound level of 90 decibels. Decibel idB'--Unit of measurement of sound level Hertz (Hzi --Unit of measurement of frequency, numerically equal to cycles per second Medical pathology --A disorder or disease For purposes of this regulation, a condition or disease affecting the ear, which should be treated by a phvsician specialist Noise aose-- The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of (II the time integral, over a stated time or event, of the 0 6 power of the measured SLOW exponential time-averaged. ``Cuared A w tug rued sound pressure ana i2i the product of tne criterion duration ife hoursi and the 0 6 power of the squared sound pressure corresponding to the criterion sound level (90 dB) Noise dosimeter--An instrument that integrates a-function of sound pressure over a period of time in such a manner that it directly indicates a noise dose Otolaryngologist --A physician specializing in diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the ear, nose and throat Representative exposure--Measurements of an employee s noise dose or 8-hour tune-weighted average sound level that the employers deem to be representative of the ex posures of other employees in the workplace. Sound level--Ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the square of the measured A-weighted sound pressure to the square of the standard reference pressure of 20 micropascals Unit, decibels (dBl For use with this regulation. SLOW time response, in accordance with ANSI Si,4- 1971 tH1976)* is required South level meter-- An instrument for the measurement of souna level, Time-weighted average sound level --That sound level which if constant over an e-hour exposure, would result in the same noise dose as is measured 1910 95 Append 1 144.14 Chinfr 30 DO A 00^1"; OONFTr rOTTA,