Document 8RyzYkObG6x1ozZqxew91KXQy

FILE NAME: Westinghouse (WH) DATE: 1938 DOC#: WH117 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Journal Abstract - Two Cases of Carcinoma of the Lung Occurring in Asbestosis fe.` ABSTRACT OF THE LITERATURE OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE SUPPLEMENTARY TO IE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND TOXICOLOGY VOLUME 20 JANUARY, 1938--DECEMBER, 1938 * m PUBLISHED BY . THE WILLIAMS & WILKINS COMPANY Baltimore, Md. '% 8 JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND TOXICOLOGY [/on., motely resembling those of silicosis by injecting sericite." The authors realize that their results "may not exactly repre sent the pathological changes produced by the inhalation of sericite by miners" but they feel that the results may be useful for the comparisons which are made possible between quartz, sericite, and other dusts.-- Philip Drinker. F amilial D isposition to Silicosis. I. Lochtemper. Aerztl. Sachverstand.-Zeitung, vol. 41, pp. 174-176 (1936). The author writes of a family several members of which contracted silicosis shortly after working in the same industry, where they were exposed to quartz dust. Members of another family, on the other hand, showed only light cases of silicosis, although they had worked some years under the same conditions. The author draws attention to the faot that there may be a family disposition to silicosis, although he cannot assert that this is true.--L. Teleky. E pidemiological Aspects op Silicosis and T uberculosis. A. S. Pope and D. Zacks. Am. Rev. Tuber., vol. 39, pp. 229 242 (1936). 1. In representative groups of both gran ite- and foundry-workers in Massachusetts the frequency of silicosis, and of silicosis with tuberculosis, was found to be posi tively correlated with the duration of expo sure to dusts containing free silica and to the concentration of such dusts in the occupational environment. 2. Among the granite workers examined, silicosis alone was found in 15.2%, and sili cosis complicated with tuberculosis in 7.6%. 3. Tuberculosis is the cause of death in over one-third of all granite-workers, a proportionate mortality three times that in foundry-workers, and four times that in all males of 20 years and over. 4. Among the employees of 10 Massachu setts foundries, silicosis was found in 8.8% and silicosis with tuberculosis in 2.6%, a total frequency of one-half that found in granite-workers. 5. The silicosis found in foundrymen was not only less frequent but also less advanced in degree than that in granite-workers. 6. Though there is an excess of tuberca.ijpj*i- losis deaths among foundry-workers, pneu- ^ monia, which is the cause of about one- fourth of all deaths of foundrymen, appear* to be the greatest occupational hazard ia the industry.--Authors' summary. ' ' 'Jrj*ar. Two Cases op S quamous Carcinoma o? the Lung Occurring in Asbestosis. S. R. Gloyne. Tubercle, pp. 6-10 (Oct., gg 1935). The two cases described were womea-iiife. workers in an asbestos factory. One, aged 35, had been a spinner for 8 years and sur* vived for further 9 years. The other, aged f 71, worked only for two periods of 6 and 13 months as a mattress maker and lived for it 15 yearn afterwards. No etiological asso ciation between the carcinoma and the m asbestosis is claimed. The malignant le- vspi sions were small and were not recognized during life. They were circumscribed with .**. no extension to important structures; no >$. secondary deposits were present. The as- .jtf. bestosis was fairly advanced and of long i$. standing; pigment, asbestos fibres, and oijj? asbestosis bodies were pushed aside by the gt advancing growth. Neither disease seemed .-Jg to be sufficiently advanced to have caused death by itself; the combination was fatal.-- top E. L. Collie. - ` Wi Lung F unction and X -bat Pictures in (fj the Legal E stimation of L ung D amage -a from D usts in C ompensation C ases,-. | 3 | ; . IV. Schmidl, E. Gaubalz, and Holtzmann^,-^gl Aerztl. Sachverstand.-Zeitung, vol. 41, VP- - j ||| 178-182 (1935). The authors have investigated lung dam age from dust inhalation by procedure* a* other than x-ray. Lung function was deter mined spirometrically, the apneic pau seand ' -A' residual air was determined and work test* hr,were performed using an ergometer. Vital capacity alone was found insufficient for , ;&>, judging functional disability but the apneic ' ,j pause and residual air gave a convenient objective scale for judging emphysema while the work studies gave useful data on "% the heart action. It was established that n working capacity and disability could not be judged by x-ray alone--facts which are ia .yi. - general acceptance.--L. Teleky. : IS, no. /I :y,'.iF.w of L ite (heathing Du.E TO SlLli'u: r: nylon and S. . Ifines, 1- C. 6'Si In this Informi ;. with the ecu ;-;,t disease in i ,..,en list of ref \ summary an mplete the sei ha?, th is valuab book form.--/ ; est .Storms a: ov H ealth. and R. L. La II, ut*., vol. 51 1935). "I. The dust a the central w> ;-Ttodofdocrea I vegetation, a `"2. Crop am 'arge. I t is b* d though there DUST, SN Vr e s i d k n t i a l tie Smidt. . Africa, vol. i A review of tern and dust g>>!d mines, title progress a as approach mine air mus' -.vine way as -hi mid be co, tutina. M riven highly Mims. The authoi `a t t o r i o f Co. tin- high ter: i**ep mines, but face oru wet method: th>- minors : mental to ss 'ill have U methods.-- iUay, 1958} ABSTRACTS 107 diddle and upper parte of both lungs. Oc casionally, he suffered from rise in tempera ture coincident with increase in expectora tion. The patient finally died at the age of 44. The autopsy showed some pleural exu dates in the left lung, marked lobulation, and the presence of some granulation. Microscopic examination showed heavy deposits of iron, silica, and coal dust. In the zones of massive fibrosis, there were places in which the fibroblasts had disappeered almost entirely, but the general microscopic picture was one of fibrosis. ?Lung permeability had disappeared. The author found the presence of large multi-nuclear cells, whose morphological characteristics differ from those Been in tuberculosis--C. A. Sand*. AsBESTOSXS AND ITS PREVENTION. T. W tn. del. ArbeiUschut, pp. 6-Si (1958). Continuing his earlier work (see these % abstracts, vol. 19, p. 112, 1937), the author first presents more material on asbestosis in the textile industry. The number of asbes tos workers has increased and now there are about 1300 in Germany, of whom about 1000 are considered to be dangerously exposed, including the weavers. Up to March 31, 1937 there have been 27 cases of asbestosis, of which 16 have been fatal. Since April 1, 1937, asbestosis has been legally rated as an industrial disease on an equal basis with accidents and since then (in 6 months) 10 cases have been indemnified. The earliest observed symptom of the disease is seen after 3 or 4 yrs.' work. An x-ray should be taken of each new employee and each should be examined after 3 yrs. and then at inter vals to be determined by the doctor. Above all, observers must prove whether or not a light case will inevitably progress in spite of removal from exposure. With the help of many illustrations, the author shows obsolete and new, satisfactory protective measures and describes the technical improvements that are necessary. --L. TeUky. DUST, SMOKE, FUMES, AND VAPORS: THEIR DETERMINATION AND ELIMINATION A STUDY or THE CRYSTALLINE SILICEOUS MINERALS PRESENT IN SILICOTIC LUNOS BY t h e x -ra y d if f r a c t io n m e t h o d . C. M. Jephcott, W. M. Gray, and D. A. Irwin. Canadian Med. A. J., vol. 33, pp. 909ttS (March, 1958). A series of 35 lung ashes and several mine dusts and tamping powders were analyzed i by the x-ray diffraction method. The ' authors describe briefly the fundamentals of x-ray diffraction and also the method of preparing lung ashes. The lungs examined were from persons exposed to various types of dusts, including those encountered in jaick making, granite cutting, enamelling, `and metal mining. The control minerals used were micas, kaolin, quartz, microcline, orthoclase, talc, tourmaline, chlorite, and ; fremolite. The findings revealed that quartz was present as the chief constituent jn all the lung ashes; mica and soda feld 'spars were important components; potash i feldspars, tale, and tremolite occurred only f|ui traces. It was also found that correla tion between crystalline siliceous material [found in the lung ashes by the x-ray diffrac tion method and the occupational history of the individual was not possible.--C. R. William*. P etrographic id en tifica tio n of atmos p h e r ic d u st PARTICLES. W. D. Foater and H. H. Schrenk. U. S. Bur. Mine Rept. Invest. 95568 (Jan. 1938). A dark-field method of determining quartz by immersion is proposed. The writers preface the description of their method by a brief discussion of the petro graphic technic and its limitations. Com parative tests showing the limit of visibility of quarts in liquids of different refractive indices by light-field and dark-field methods are given.*J.`W4flirve for light field shows that in a 1.540 liquid, quartz particles must be larger than 2p to be seen. This figure is somewhat high when an oil-immersion ob jective is used. The method described in volves immersing the sample in liquids of variouaAndices of refraction and judging the amounts of'various minerals present by the brightness or faintness of the particles in various liquids. It is impossible by this