Document 85xZ69E1Q9J2B0XLOX6O884km

Reproduced by VACHEt CLECTtlC COtPOtATIO* fto an SAE Fepet (Ju. 1969) 690147 CATiS V FOa.O - 017 ^??gmrx a The Issues of Complying with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards and Other Requirements tanan w Nf ma i -- ^ --sj ____ h--*- ]=r wellRum Francis Armstrong National Highway Safety Sc*:?-. Federal Highway Adrrvmstration. . S. Department of Transportation Excerpt Fig. 7 - Relationship between FMVSS and i-.ommal designs !r is abundan:'; . -_- no form of statistical sampling the bureau, no cleverly conceived, could be reasonably implerr--t'. r.mdle situation where the burexr assumed vr.-.ibilicy for vslidating the manu facturers' cmiftca:;cr.. "i-cher. the legislation is deaHy written to exclude .r :rtence, no maser how remote, chat die govemmen- . r .er.-, in any wey, to the manufac- turea' certification. Within this framewr-H: fvr.ctions the compliance activi ties of the bureau. Cv.- so to apeak, ia to find the "bad guys.* It is a we'.'.-'.jww? Axiom in qualify control cirdes that `you cannot insce-.c Quality into a product.* This ia particularly tnir in o<i* :uc, mid accetdingly, the bureau's compliance testing rro,:.vn is better defined as an audit-type opermion to prorice a treasure of asstnoce that mamrfac* neers are, chonseiv?.-.. sil igetxly pursuing the type of pro grams diet sill pror:;.* cooetaner with products thw meet, as a mimirum.. ;.v.- requirements of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Srs.v - Having recor~r-: r._- the reqjuremerxe exemplified by the Federal Mere- * Safety Standmda ere minimua remrimnenrr. ir :J cooclustoo char we do not talk in tetms of an A* :.. -.Um <pny t--1| relative to those standards __ -ncr than VXK cornelisnee. tt'e do. however. pas or the proever--.- MJL. The ucori^i - ' fust cannot be a high volume a.-v.; ..ze chat induany itaeif must, es -as, think in room of a workable ...and of 'perfection in production' - otisr in the manufacture of such .:er, as the sixoonhUe. But, j$_ i_a|sojusf_ar, Vehicle Safety ' lhw ** > FfdgT<1 Moct .-y minimum requirements, they should not be if.tr Fig. 7 is a sin-rv . . ptoaches iliustrsr::.,. : ' Motor Vehicle Safe.-v: used as nominal desieo value*. j.-rraysi of three possible ap- orionahip between FMVSS (Federal aids) and the embtidroem of nominal design viur Design value <A) has been established recognizing the ef fect that normal production variatce would have on the compliance status of the finished product. The nominal de sign value, in this example, exceeds the requirements of the standard to the degree chat all produces mamdaetteed within the normal quality spread attainable in actual ptoJi- tioo would be in compliance with the standard. Design value (B). while exceeding the mininaan safety performance requirements of the standard, fails to recognize, sufficiently, the effect of noaaal production variance on the compliance status of the finished product. Accoidingly. as pan of the inevitable facta of production life, me measure of noncompliroce eaiat certainly exist. Design value (Q, on the otha hand, has been established using the federal standard as the mean or central tendency of the name! wiwiewi distribution of quality output issder pro duction conditions. Under these circumstances, the incid ence of noocneqilisncc would, of course, be quite high. From my earlier marks estsblishina lOOf: compliance as the only ACL acceptable to the bureau, it is obvious rhar only the tsamnle deoictint "nominal design value (A)* ty pifies conditions that could realistically be expected to achieve acceptable compliance performance bv industry. The bwemi is nee concerned with desip) for design's sake. The manufacturer exist, of course, retain complete freedom of design in meeting die performance requirements of the in dividual standard!. It i up w the manufacturer to deter mine the degree of ovcrdcsian. relative to the minimum teouiremrots of the standard, necessary to establish and maintain an "in compliance* sranra for his product. The degree of overdesign necessary fee wry one product, be it vdride or equipment, can. arid probably will, vary from manufactures to t^anufsecurer. Certainly, it will be direedy rotated. among ocher things, to the mroufsecurer*' ability a monitor end control his production process. PRODUCED BY FORD IN CBSTE5