Document 85x1v5wZ20oEzXb09OzeRR40o

PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT \Q7 \4r,Q__ ' n * Pag I. INTEODUCTIGN............................................................................ .. 1 II. EXPERIMENT1Al - EQUIPMENT AND METHODS......................... 3 A. Properties of Pibrea 1) Grading According to Length 2) Filterability............................ , 1 3j Feltability.................................. B. P4r)eVpaisrcaotiosnitya..n..d.....T...e. .s..t.i.n...g.....o...f...B..oards..............6 5) Tensile Strength..*..., 6(1) )SuErqfaucipemAenret aa.n..d....M...e...t.h..o..d...s....f..o...r.. Board Preparation..(2) Apparatus and Methods for Testing. 3 3 3 4 7 8 XO in. B2SULTS...................................................................... *............. 3 A. Properties of Fibres............................................... 12 12 l) Grading According to Length............ 2) Filterabllity.............. ................. ......... r 1 3) Feltability........................................................ 4) Viscosity of Slurries................. 5) Tensile Strength.*>...*........................... 6) Surface Area................ ................... ............... B. Properties of Asbestos. Cement Boards..... l / Preliminary Work................................ .... 2) Measurement of Yield................ i3) Ultimate Strength of Asbestos Cement Sheets*. IV. DISC45U))SSIFImOlNpea..x.c..it..b..S.i..l.ti.r.t.ey...n.....g.....t...h..............*....*................................'...................................................... !A. Hate of Production......... ..................... 3* 67E)) aWGseraeteoenrf ASHbtarsenondrglpintthigo..n. .......................................* C. Yield........................... D. Quality of Product 12 15 29 25 29 30 35 35 36 43 70 1 83 83 85 86 86 V* CONCLUSION, 92 * 4 4 - DISTRIBUTION LIST - Copies of this Report are being distributed ss fellows: Copy No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Recipient The General Manager. Research Department Riles. Chief Chemist's,,Riles. Technical Library for Circulati Technical Library for Circuleti Research Department Riles. -oGo- matter of -at injury Cases, 'Opted to Produced in the matter of Asbestos Personal Injury Cases; Abrams lead & copied to Richard f. Scruggs. Rfaard F. Scrugwgsyica -EVALUATION OP ASBESTOS FX3R3S- ffo Previous Reports Copy No. Chenists Engaged Hr. B. Cortia-Jonaa Hr. S.B. Harris ,, Hr. C.B. Houatford)?ar Dr. D.L. Ingles )Tic Hay, 1954. Hasager. 4 Pradueerf (n the matter of -i- . Richard F. ScruggT - SUMMARY - The Object of this investigation was to compare the properties of several varieties of asbestos fibre snd to determine the effect of these fibres on the properties of asbestos cement sheets. The properties of the fibres whieh were studied included length distribution, fibril diameter,.surface area and tensile strength. The filterability and feltability of slurries of fibres and cement in water were also investigated. Properties of asbestos cement sheet which were studie Included bulk (i.e. yield of product)', ultimate strength, impae strength, flexibility, water absorption, end green strength. laboratory apparatus was developed for the preparatio of asbestos cement sheets. This enabled detailed comparisons between the effects of many fibre mixtures to be made readily. Observations made aa a result of these trials were then tested by carrying out full scale trials in two different factories. To test the significance of our results snd the validity of our conclusions, factorial.experimentation and statistical analysis were used in each trial. Our original figures and the corresponding.analyses of variance heve been reproduced in this report. This furnishes complete reference data for an independent check on our statements. The asbestos varieties used were No.3 Blue eroeidolit (f. Australian), 4K chrysctlle (Canadian) snd smosltes A2 snd DCA/D (S. African). The main purpose of the work was to compc the properties of these four fibres snd to determine the effect Produced In,the matter of Aswstos Persona/ Mury Cases* Ahrame I ai a -.~sl of adding Ho.3 Blue to 4 ehrysotile.or to mixtures of this ehrysotile and.an snoaite. The conclusions which have been reached concern only these materials. It is not claimed that similar results would not be possible with varieties of fibre ether than those tested. The results show the following facts: (i) Ho.3 Slue crocidolite has a greater proportion of long fibres than has 4K ehrysotile. Its fibrils are of greater diameter but the surface area is also greater than that of ehrysotile in the same state of preparation. ,The tensile strength of Ho.3 Blue is less than that of two South African ohrysotiles but greater than that of amosite A2. The effect of these properties is no doubt linked with the properties of asbestos cement sheet although exact relationships are unimows. j _, _____ __ . .4 _^ -3this fibre tad an amosite has the effect of increasing the buli or yield of the product. This effect was found la four labors tor? tests sad two long plant trials carried out under differs conditions. The increase in one plant trial was 7.5* when 25* of the noraal fibre mixture was replaced by No. 3 Blue. TLis property is not shared by any of the other fibres tested. {} The ultimate strength of asbestos cement sheets was found in some trials to be unebanged-by the addition of No.3 Blue crocidolite to the fibre mixture. However, in three factory trials, including two on a modem two-vat machine, a slgniflcat increase was found to result as the proportion -of No.3 Blue was raised. The increase was significant in one trial when 25* of the total mixture consisted of this fibre. Under some conditi even smaller amounts of No.3 Blue gave significant increases in the other tests. A2 amosite was found to lower the strength seriously. DCA/D amosite probably has little effect, up to 45 parts per 1C parts 4E ehrysotile, but barely significant decreases in strong war* noted in some trials. (7) Impact Strength - determinations of impact strength were -carried .out in the laboratory of Asbestos Products Pty. ltd., and were not completely satisfactory. They have been subjects to statistical analysis, however, and it has been shown that No3 Blue crocidolite is without effect or tends to raise the .Ispaet strength. No effect was found .for A2 amosite whilo :t SQA/^amcait tends to lower the impact strength. flexibility - it is clearly shown that addition of No*3 ^ ';iTw` f^^^thematlerof *fchard R to --4Blue croeidolite to a fibre mixture allows the ssbestos oeseat product to bond further without fracture. this is considered a desirable property for many of the uses of asbestos cement heat. She amositea do not increase the flexibility. (9) Water Absorption - due probably to its lower density 5^.3 Slue asbestos has the undesirable effect of increasing water absorption slightly. The absorption, as measured after total immersion, is increased about from 22.5 to 25% when ' this fibre is added to the extent of 75 parts per 100 parts of 4 chrysotile. P* The evidence generally indicates that use of So.3 J Slue crocidolite in conjunction with ohrysotile and amosite j gives asbestos cement of improved properties except as regards ^ water absorption. Use of this fibre also leads to a'greater 1 production rate and to a higher yield of product. 1 Produced fn the matter of Asbestos Personal Injury Cases: Abrams Lead & copied to Richard F. Scruggs. , t '-Wc-J? 'tz.a `JSsKSa SS&g *:* - 1. I. CTTHCTXrCTTQy Lett in November, 1953* the Research Department m ^sksd to investigate the properties of various type a of asbestos fibre sod their effect on the quality of asbestos resent sheets. Is particular, the sia of the work was to com pare the properties of Australian crocidolite with those of various, types of iaported asbestos fibrs - e.g,, ebryaotils ,, (Canadian), and aaosite (South African), The scope of the work was designed to include both a literature survey end laboratory eeale work, Involving the dets minrtien of various physical and chemical properties of aabestc fibres. This was to be followed by a study of the physical ar. mechanical properties of asbestos cement sheets cade with the various compositions of Australian and iaported fibres. For this pert of the work it was found then factory scale trials were valuable. At the present time, apart from two grades of asbesto fibre which are mined in Australia, all the other types used ar* Imported either from Canada or South Africa, Of the locally IpSrofeeed material the most important for use in the manufacture *f asbestos cement sheets is No.3 Blue asbestos, mined in *itteocom, tf. Australia, Asbestos Products Pty, Ltd,, consider that the use ^ of some Ko*3 Blue asbestos in asbestos eament manufacture has ^?oflai*e advantages. This belief is based on a number of j * " *art about the behaviour of Slue asbeetos which have derived from factory observations. ?9T example* it has been known for some time that the presence d.dastralian Blue asbestos in tbe stock Increased the filtrat rate and hence the rate of board manufacture* It also lncree ed the yardage of board of a given thicJmesa*- We have endeavoured to obtain .precise quantitative information on these and other properties. The information^ we have gained has been subjected to statistical analysis and we believe that the conclusions which we put forward can be accepted with confidence. Produced in the matter of Asbestos Personal Injury Cases; Abrams Lead & copied to Richard F Scruggs.