Document 85o5yoaQ1dkZZqEnbVE3bwnNe
DRILLING SPECIALTIES COMPANY BARTLESVILLE. OKLAHOMA 7A004
918 661-5405 918 661-6153 918 661-6333
TELEX 49-2455 TWX 910 841-2S60
August 23, 1979 Flosal Health and Safety Data
There has been concern within the drilling industry for the health and safety of workers who handle asbestos in drilling muds. In 1975 Drilling Specialties re sponded to this concern by reformulating our Flosal drilling mud grade asbestos to reduce the airborne asbestos levels at the Tig site. In order to confirm our conviction that Flosal meets airborne fiber count standards that era mi within those set forth by ttw OgStad States Occupational Safety sad Health Adaiaiatratioh, we have monitored aithorae fiber counts at nuswrous rig sites, using Flosal in the United States and Vorvay.
A summary as well as the actual data for each of these rig site tests is enclosed for your information-. Based on these field tests, we believe Flosal may be safely handled by personnel at the rig site, when used in accordance with the also at tached recommended Flosal work practices.
As you are aware, Flosal is manufactured from a special length of asbestos fiber, developed by our Research Laboratory, which enables Flosal to have superior carrying capacity in drilling muds. Furthermore, since Flosal has been modified only by the addition of water, it is most easily dispersed in water-based drilling muds.
We have appreciated your use of Flosal in the past and would like to encourage your even greater usage in the future. We believe Flosal is the most cost-effective visuosifier, asbestos or otherwise, available to suspend drilled solids and to maintain a clean hole.
After reviewing the enclosures, you or your personnel may wish to discuss them with us. We would be happy to assist you on this matter.
. -1`. u.-.l,mont
DRILLING MUD ADDITIVES AND CEMENT SYSTEMS
Drilling Specialties Company
TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION BARTLESVILLE. OKLAHOMA 74004
omsPAC ORISPAC SUPERIO ORISCOSE CMC SOLTEX OESCO FLOSAL OIASEAL M
OIACEL 0 DIACEL LWL OIACEL A
SUMMARY
FIBER COUNT TESTS AT DRILLING SITES WHERE FLOSAL
DRILLING MUD GRADE ASBESTOS WAS BEING USED
In the past four years a series of air samples have been collected during drilling operations where Flosal drilling mud additive (DMA) was being used. These samples represent short-term "length of task" and "ceiling concentrations," as well as 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations of airborne fibers, including asbestos, which are greater than five microns in length and which have a length-tovidth ratio equal to, or greater than, 3:1. The drilling operations surveyed have included large, intermediate, and small size rigs, drilling both on land (9 sites) and offshore (3 sites).
The results show all samples to be below the permissible ceiling and 8-hour time-weighted average values of 10 and two fibers peT cubic centimeter of air (f/cc), respectively.
The highest ceiling concentration monitored was 0.21 f/cc for a 10minute period. All 8-hour TWA concentrations were less than 0.05 f/cc. These values are far below the levels presently accepted by 0SHA (two f/cc greater than five microns on an 8-hour TWA basis, or a ceiling concentration of 10 f/cc for 15 minutes). In fact, they are less than the "current 0SHA policy to require medical examinations only when employee exposures to airborne asbestos exceed 0.1 fibers greater than five microns in length per cc of air (f/cc greater than five microns) on an 8-hour time-weighted average basis or exceed a peak level of 0.5 f/cc greater than five microns based on 15-minute sample periods." (From a letter from Richard P. Wilson, Deputy Di rector Federal Compliance and State Programs, U.S. Dept, of Labor
* 0SHA, dated February 11, 1977 to Mr. Wendell B. Alcorn, Jr.)
TABLE I CONCENTRATIONS OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT
FLOSAL FIBER MUD ADDITIVE IN DRILLING MUD SYSTEM
Phillips Petroleum Company - Peter >'21', No. 2 Well Panola County, Texas
H & S Drilling Company
Sample No. 1 2
3
4
5 6 7
Location and Description
Breathing Zone, (BZ) Floor Man No. 1
BZ, Motorman, as conducts normal duties during shifts
BZ, Derrick Man, as conducts normal duties during shift. 22 bags Flosal added during shift
BZ, Floor Man No. 2, as conducts normal duties during shift
BZ, Driller, as conducts normal duties during shift
Area Sample collected during shift
Area Sample collected during shift
Date
Sampling Time Hour Duration (min)
1/3/79
1500
435
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
0.003
1/3/79
1500
435
0.009
1/3/79
1500
435
0.03
1/3/79
1500
435
1/3/79
1500
1/3/79 1511
1/3/79
1515
435 424 420
0.006
0.003 0.009 0.02
Present OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/cc
TABLE III
CONCENTRATION OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT Norwegian North Sea - Edda Platform
Phillipa Petroleum Company - Eldfisk 2/7, No. A-21 Well Loffland Bros. North Sea., Inc.
Sample No. 1
2 3. 4
5 6
Location and Description
Sampling Time
Date
Hour Duration
(min)
Breathing Zone (BZ) Derrick Kan as added 12t 50-pound sacks Flosal to mixing hopper
2/11/79
NW side of rig floor about BZ height
' 2/11/79
BZ, Service Engineer, as performs normal duties throughout shift
2/11/79
BZ, Derrick Kan as performs normal duties during shift including addition of Flosal as indicated in No. 1 above
2/11/79
BZ, Driller as performs normal duties
2/11/79
Area Sample, near mixing hopper
2/11/79
1505
1315 1305 1255
1255 1515
10
433 450 465
570 435
Concentration (Fibers/cc) 0.2
0.02 0.006 0.005
* *
Present U.S. OSHA ceiling concentration: 10 ibers/cc Present U.S. OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/cc
* Filter loaded with unknown substance which precluded the required analysis.
TABLE IV (Continued)
Sample No.
Location and Description
Sampling Time
Date
Hour Duration
(min)
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
DRILLER 12 BZ, as performs normal
duties
4/21/79
0515
13 Same as No. 12 above
4/21/79
0720
14 Same as No. 12 above
4/21/79
0930
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
ASSISTANT DRILLER 15 BZ, as performs normal
duties
4/21/79
0519
16 Same as No. 15 above
4/21/79
0722
17 Same as No. 15 above
4/21/79
0929
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
125
130 175 430
123
127 178 428
0.01
0.01 0.009 0.01
0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
Present OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit Ceiling Concentration: 10 fibers/cc
2 fibers/cc
TABLE V (Continued)
Sample No.
Location and Description
Sampling Time
Date
Hour
Duration
(min)
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
FLOORMAN 13 BZ, as performs normal duties 5/29/79
0752
14 Same as No. 13 above
5/29/79 0954
15 Same as No. 13 above
5/29/79 1145
16 Same as No. 13 above
5/29/79 1344 TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
DRILLER 17 BZ, as performs normal duties 5/29/79
0754
18 Same as No. 17 above
5/29/79 0910
19 Same as No. 17 above
5/29/79 1148
20 Same as No. 17 above
5/29/79 1336 TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
122 0.03 111 0.01 119 0.02
64 0.04 416 0.02
116 0.01 POMP MALFUNCTION - NO SAMPLE
108 0.02 72 0.02
296 0.02
Present OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit Ceiling Concentration: 10 fibers/cc
2 fibers/cc
Drilling Specialties Company |gg
TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION BARTLESVILLE. OKLAHOMA 74004
RECOMMENDED WORK PRACTICES for
FLOSAL DRILLING MOD ASBESTOS
ORISPAC ORISPAC SUPERLO ORISCOSE CMC SOLTEX DESCO FLOSAL OIASEAL M
OIACEL O OIACEL LWL OIACEL A
INTRODUCTION
The following reconmended work practices are intended as general guides respect ing the handling of Flosal drilling mud grade asbestos (hereafter referred to as DMA). Ve believe this booklet will be helpful to engineers, superintendents, contractors, foremen, and drilling crews in understanding and explaining such procedures. Field tests conducted to date indicate that the recommended work practices set forth in this booklet, if followed, should result in an employee's 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) exposure .being below 0.1 libers per cubic centimeter (f/cc) of air. (Such exposure would be well below OSHA's currently prescribed limits of tuc fibers longer than five micrometers per cubic centi meter of air as an 8-hour TWA exposure and 10 fibers longer than five micrometers per cubic centimeter of air, as a ceiling concentration.) However, since field conditions do vary, these recpnmiended work practices do not purport to be ex clusive, and adherence to these recommended work practices does not guarantee an exposure level (8-hour TWA) the same as that shown by the aforementioned field tests, nor compliance with applicable federal, state or local health and/ or safety laws or regulations.
On October 11, 1978, OSHA issued Program Directive #300-16, which provides uniform inspection and compliance procedures for medical examination requirements of the asbestos standard. The principal actions taken by OSHA in this directive were to clarify the term "exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers," and to indicate the scope and applicability of medical examination requirements
under the asbestos standards as follows:
a. The term "...exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fiber..." is administratively interpreted to mean "exposed to a minimum of 0.1 asbestos fibers longer than five micrometers per cubic centimeter of air..."
b. Medical examinations will be required for any 7 to 8-hour TWA concentration of 0.1 f/cc, or for a greater concentration.
We believe that if the following work practices are followed, one might reasonably
expect 8-hour TWA exposure levels to be below those specified by OSHA Program
Directive #300-16. If, however, there is reasonable cause to believe that air
borne asbestos concentrations exceed 0.1 f/cc greater than five microns on an
8-hour TWA basis, or have peak levels above 0.5 f/cc greater than five microns
based on 15-minute sample periods, then the site should be monitored for airborne
asbestos, and appropriate action taken as required by applicable safety or health
lavs and/or regulations.
-
-2 -
PRODUCTS AND OPERATIONS
DMA is furnished in flake form.
Operations to which these work practices app./ include:
Shipping, receiving, handling, warehousing, and storage.
Additions of DMA to the mid.
Handling of empty sacks.
Disposing of empty sacks.
Disposing of mud.
SHIPPING. RECEIVING. HANDLING, WAREHOUSING. AND STORAGE
DMA is furnished in loose or palletized sacks. (With palletized DMA, the pallets are sometimes shrink-wrapped.) The sealed, unopened sacks should be handled by normal warehouse practices.
Precautions must be taken if a sack is broken, torn or punctured. The sack should be sealed with heavy duty tape or placed in a slip-over sack (over-sized, open-mouthed bag) to prevent spillage. The slip-over sack should be securely sealed, preferably by a twist wire. Any spillage should be cleaned up with a vacuum sweeper equipped with a disposable bag. Unless additional protection is required under applicable federal or other regulations, a certified, reusable single-use air-purifying respirator should be worn by the person cleaning up. DO NOT BLOW MATERIAL WITH COMPRESSED AIR, NOR DRY-SWEEP. The material in broken or damaged sacks should be used first. In storing DMA, it is recommended that it be stacked no more than 10 sacks high.
ADDITIONS OF DMA TO THE MUD
DMA should be added to the mud in the same manner as other dry mud additives. The DMA should be added directly to the mud system, preferably by emptying the sack at a uniform rate into the hopper of a cone-type jet mixer (eductor system. Figure 1).
Other systems in use are also suitable for the addition of DMA, such as an eductor with suction hose attached to withdraw the DMA directly from the sack, or from a drum into which several sacks have been emptied (Figure 2). Care should be used in pouring the DMA into another container to reduce the amount of "fines" generated when air is displaced from the receiving hopper or drum.
In adding DMA to the mud, it is a recommended practice to position oneself so that any air currents present are moving from the individual's back toward the receiving container, rather than blowing into the face. A light weight streamer or "air sock" above the hopper may be used to determine wind direction (Figure 3).
-3-
HANDLING OF EMPTY SACKS
After a aack is emptied, it should be discarded in accordance with current Federal Regulations. Normally, sacks of all types should be carried away for disposal as soon as time permits.
DISPOSING OF EMPTY SACKS
When an adequate precipitator is attached to the incinerator, onshore burial or incineration is the preferred method of disposing of empty IMA sacks from offshore sites. DO NOT BURN DMA SACKS WITHOUT A PRECIPITATOR. The empty sacks should be accumulated in sealed impermeable bags until a sufficient nuidier is on hand to require burning or burial.
It is preferable to bury empty DMA sacks onshore. IMA sacks are biodegradable. An incinerator with an adequate precipitator can be used. DO NOT BURN DMA SACKS WITHOUT A PRECIPITATOR.
DISPOSING OF MUD When a well is finished, there is usually little or no DMA left in the mud. Any accepted method of storing the mud for reuse, or disposing of it, can be used.
Drilling Specialties Company
TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION o BARTLESVI LLE, OKLAHOMA 74004
Product Name:
FLCSAL VISCOSIFIER Refer to D.S.Co. Bulletins #220 & 221
ORISPAC ORISPAC SUPERLO ORISCOSE CMC SOLTEX
oesco
FLOSAL OIASEAL M
OIACEL 0 OIACEL LWL OIACEL A
Description; Chrysotile (soft fiber-acid soluble) Asbestos Fiber.
Packaging;
50-pound multiwall bags.
Mud Types;
All known water base mud formulations.
Advantages;
Acid soluble
Reduces seepage loss
Lower clay solids
Faster penetration rates
Dust free (by OSHA standard)
Less time spent circulating
Maximum hole cleaning/low viscosity (32-36 sec/qt)
Reduces hole enlargement (less erosion by lowering "N" Factor)
Lower BCD as result of cleaner annulus & lower viscosity
Applications; Spud Muds
Non or Semi-Dispersed Muds
Sweeps (Periodic Flushing)
Acid Soluble w/o Fluid
Condition Packer Fluids (Any Density) to Resist Barite Settling & High Temp. Solidification
Material Needs;
2-4 ppb. Flosal, 15-20 ppb. Bentonite added to fresh or seawater (Tech. Note #4)
1-3 ppb. Flosal & CEC Below 20 ppb (Tech. Note #9)
3-5 ppb. Flosal added to 50* bbls of existing mud (Tech. Note #4)
5 ppb. Flosal + 1 ppb. Drispac added to water of any salinity. WL = 15-10, FV 35-38 sec/qt (Tech. Note #16)
2-4 ppb. Flosal, CFC Approx. 20 ppb., Ca4-1' below 200 ppm. Up to 2 ppb. Desco in holes where BHT exceeds 300 F (149 C) (GelDriscose Packer Mud Formula)
Mixing Requirements; Hopper or mud guns.
Desired Solids Control Equipment Coarse (12 x 12 - 16 x 16) shaker screens unless only flushes are being used. De-sander on surface hole & de-silter below surface casing.
Cost; Mud cost for interval drilled is usually about the same or less than for con ventional clay or flocculated clay base systems. Well cost is almost always less.
Safety & Ecology; Non-polluting and safe to handle when mixed through a conventional hopper in a conventional manner. Avoid inhalation of asbestos^materials.
This bulletin reports accurate and reliable information to the best of our knowledge.
Drilling Specialties Company assumes no obligation or liability for the use of the information presented herein.
Drilling Specialties Company
TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION BARTLESVILLE. OKLAHOMA 74004
Product Name:
DIASEAL M Refer to D.S.Co. Bulletin #200 and Pattern For A Successful Squeeze wallet size cards &. squeeze work sheet
DRISPAC ORISPAC SUPEP.LO ORISCOSE CMC SOITEX
oesco
FLOSAl OIASEAL M
OIACEL 0 OIACEL LWL OIACEL A
Description: High solids, high fluid loss, lost circulation squeeze material.
Packaging:
50-pound multiwall bags.
Mud Types:
All water base, oil base & invert emulsion muds.
Advantages:
Does not contaminate drilling mud
No risk of cementing up drill pipe.
Not necessary to by-pass shale shaker
No risk of side tracking hole as with cement
Less time lost to lost circulation problems
Applications: Open hole lost circulation squeeze when
open hole volume is 50 bbls or less
Open hole lost circulation squeeze when open hole volume exceeds 50 bbls
Lost circulation squeeze through per forations & casing leaks
Material Needs:
Mix specified amounts, of water or Diesel oil, Diaseal M, barite & LCM for 100 bbls of slurry volume
Mix specified amounts of water or Diesel oil, Diaseal M, barite & LCM for an amount of slurry equal to twice the open hole volume
Mix specified amounts of water or Diesel oil, Diaseal M, barite & LCM for 50-100 bbls of slurry volume
Follow recommended mixing, displacing & squeezing procedures for best results
Mixing Requirements: Clean mixing tank at rig or liquid mud plant. Cement company pump truck is usually needed for low volume pump rates.
Desired Solids Control Equipment: No special requirements.
Cost: Less than the cost for building new mud volume in most instances. Rig time spent on lost circulation problems is usually reduced. An extremely cost-effective material and procedure for remedying lost circulation.
Safety & Ecology: Non-polluting and safe to handle.
This bulletin reports accurate and reliable information to the best of our knowledre. Drilling Specialties Company assumes no obligation or liability for the use of the information presented herein.
DRILLING SPECIALTIES COMPANY BARTLESVILLE. OKLAHOMA 74004
918 661-5405 916661-6153 916 661-5333
TELEX 49-2* rwx 910 041-2560
August 23, 1979
Fl08al Health and Safety Data
Mr. W. B. Kirkland Baroid Petroleum Services Division NL Industries Inc. Box 1675 Houston, TX 77001
There has been concern within the drilling industry for the health and safety of workers who handle asbestos in drilling muds. In 1975 Drilling Specialties re sponded to this concern by reformulating our Flosal drilling mud grade asbestos to reduce the airborne asbestos levels at the rig site. In order to conf r. our conviction that Flosal meets airborne fiber count standards that are well %$i,thin those set forth by the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration, we have monitored airborne fiber counts at numerous rig sites, using Flosal in the United States and Norway.
A summary as well as the actual data for each of these rig site tests is cvclosed for your information. Based on these field tests, we believe Flosal may be safely handled by personnel at the rig site, when used in accordance with the also at tached recommended Flosal work practices.
As you are aware, Flosal is manufactured from a special length of asbestos fiber, developed by our Research Laboratory, which enables Flosal to have superior carrying capacity in drilling muds. Furthermore, since Flosal has been modified only by the addition of water, it is most easily dispersed in water-based drilling muds.
We have appreciated your use of Flosal in the past and would like to encourage your even greater usage in the future. We believe Flosal is the most cost-effective viscosifier, asbestos or otherwise, available to suspend drilled solids and to maintain a clean hole.
After reviewing the enclosures, you or your personnel may wish to discuss them with us. We would be happy to assist you on this matter.
/ -'T" " . 1
DRILLING MUD ADDITIVES AND CEMENT SYSTEMS / / /
Drilling Specialties Company
TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION BARTLESVILLE. OKLAHOMA 74004
OR1SPAC ORISPAC SUPFRLO DRISCOSE CMC SOUTEX OESCO FLOSAL OIASEAL M
OIACEL 0 DIACEL LWL OIACEL A
SUMMARY
FIBER COUNT TESTS AT DRILLING SITES WHERE FLOSAL
DRILLING MUD GRADE ASBESTOS WAS BEING USED
In the past four years a series of air samples have been collected during drilling operations where Flosal drilling mud additive (DMA) was being used. These samples represent short-term "length of task" and "ceiling concentrations," as well a3 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations of airborne fibers, including asbestos, which are greater than five microns in length and which have a length-towidth ratio equal to, or greater than, 3:1. The drilling operations surveyed have included large, intermediate, and small size rigs, drilling both on land (9 sites) and offshore (3 sites).
The results show all samples to be below the permissible ceiling and 8-hour time-weighted average values of 10 and two fibers per cubic centimeter of air (f/cc), respectively.
The highest ceiling concentration monitored was 0.21 f/cc for a 10minute period. All 8-hour TWA concentrations were less than 0.05 f/cc. These values are far below the levels presently accepted by OSHA (two f/cc greater than five microns on an 8-hour TWA basis, or a ceiling concentration of 10 f/cc for 15 minutes). In fact, they are less than the "current OSHA policy to require medical examinations only when employee exposures to airborne asbestos exceed 0.1 fibers greater than five microns in length per cc of air (/cc greater than five microns) on an 8-hour time-weighted average basis or exceed a peak level of 0.5 f/cc greater than five microns based on 15-minute sample periods." (From a letter from Richard P. Wilson, Deputy Di rector Federal Compliance and State Programs, U.S. Dept, of Labor OSHA, dated February 11, 1977 to Mr. Wendell B. Alcorn, Jr.)
TABLE I CONCENTRATIONS OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT
FLOSAL FIBER MUD ADDITIVE IN DRILLING MUD SYSTEM
Phillips Petroleum Company - Peter "2", No. 2 Well Panola County, Texas
H & S Drilling Company
Sample No. 1 2
3
4
5 6 7
Location and Description
Breathing Zone, (BZ) Floor Man No. 1
BZ, Motorman, as conducts normal duties during shifts
BZ, Derrick Man, as conducts normal duties during shift. 22 bags Flosal added during shift
BZ, Floor Man No. 2, as conducts normal duties during shift
BZ, Driller, as conducts normal duties during shift
Area Sample collected during shift
Area Sample collected during shift
Sampling Time_______________
Concentration
Date
Hour Duration
(Fibers/cc)
______________________ (min)_______________________
1/3/79 1500
435
0.003
1/3/79
1500
435
0.009
1/3/79
1500
435
0.03
1/3/79
1500
435
1/3/79
1500
1/3/79
1511
1/3/79
1515
435 424 420
0.006
0.003 0.009 0.02
Present OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/cc
TABLE II
CONCENTRATIONS OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT DURING THE ADDITION OF FLOSA# DRILLING MUD ADDITIVE
Phillips Petroleum Company - Black "A" No. 1 Well Canadian County, Oklahoma
Sample No.
Location and Description
Sampling Time
Date
Hour
Duration (min)
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
1
BZ, Driller, as performs
1/15/79 0805
480
normal duties
2
BZ, Derrickman, as performs 1/15/79
0806
479
normal duties
3-
BZ, Floorman, as performs
1/15/79
0808
480
normal duties
4
BZ, Derrickman, during addi 1/15/79
0945
30
tion of 3, 50-pound bags
Flosaland 12, 50-pound
bags Milgel
* * * 1.3
Present OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/cc Ceiling concentration: 10 fibers/cc*
* Filter loaded with unknown substance which precluded the required analysis
TABLE III
CONCENTRATION OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT Norwegian North Sea - EJJi Platform
Phillips Petroleum Company - Eldfisk 2/7, No. A-21 Well Loffland Bros. North Sea, Inc.
Sample No. 1
2 3. 4
5 6
Location and Description
Breathing Zone (BZ) Derrick Kan as added 12, 50-pound sacks Flosal to mixing hopper
NW side of rig floor about BZ height
BZ, Service Engineer, as performs normal duties throughout shift
BZ, Derrick Kan as performs normal duties during shift including addition of Flosal as indicated in No. 1 above
BZ, Driller as performs normal duties
Area Sample, near mixing hopper
Sampling Time___________ Concentration
Date
Hour
Duration
(Fibers/cc)
____________________________ (min)____________________________
2/11/79
1505
10
0.2
2/11/79 2/11/79
1315 1305
433 450
2/11/79
1255
465
0.02 0.006 0.005
2/11/79 2/11/79
1255 1515
570 435
A A
Present U.S. OSHA ceiling concentration: 10 fibers/cc Present U.S. OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/cc*
* Filter loaded with unknown substance which precluded the required analysis.
TABLE IV
CONCENTRATION OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT DURING
- OFFSHORE DRILL SHIP OPERATION
Phillips Petroleum Company - Mississippi Canyon Block No Well No. 1 - OCS-3819 Louisiana Gulf Coast*
282
Sample No .
Location and Description
Sampling Time
Date
Hour Duration
(min)
MUD ENGINEER 1 BZ, as performs normal duties
primarily in mud pit room
A/21/79
0AA5
2 Same as No. 1 above
A/21/79
0703
3 Same as No. 1 above
A/21/79
0950
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
DERRICK MAN A BZ, as performs normal duties
A/21/79
0500
5. Same as No. A above
A/21/79
0705
6 Same as No. A above
A/21/79
0920
7 BZ, as performs normal duties, A/21/79
1105
also began addition of Flosal
(A, 50-pound sacks added 1015
to 1200 hours)
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
MUD ROOM 8 Area sample, near mud
additive hopper
A/21/79
0505
9 Same as No. 8 above
A/21/79
0707
10 Same as No. 8 above
A/21/79
0922
11 Same as No. 8 above
A/21/79
1108
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
138
167 137 AA2
125 135 105
81
311
122
135 106
76 A39
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
0.03
0.01 0.05 0.03
0.01 *
0.02 0.02
0.02
0.03
0.0A 0.02 0.02 0.03
* Filter loaded with unknown substance which precluded the required analysis
TABLE IV (Continued)
Sample No.
Location and Description
Sampling Time
Concentration
Date
Hour Duration
(Fibers/cc)
________________________ (min)________________________
DRILLER 12 BZ, as performs normal
duties
4/21/79
0515
13 Same as No. 12 above
4/21/79
0720
14 Same as No. 12 above
4/21/79
0930
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
ASSISTANT DRILLER 15 BZ, as performs normal
duties
4/21/79
0519
16 Same as No. 15 above
4/21/79
0722
17 Same as No. 15 above
4/21/79
0929
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
125
130 175 430
123
127 178 428
0.01
0.01 0.009 0.01
0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
Present OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/cc Ceiling Concentration: 10 fibers/cc
TABLE V
CONCENTRATIONS OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT FLOSAL FIBER MUD ADDITIVE IN DRILLING MUD SYSTEM Phillips Petroleum Company Burnhoff C No. 1 Canadian County, Oklahoma
Sample No.
Location and Description
Sampling Time
Date
Hour
Duration
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
DOGHOUSE
1 Area Sample, located across doghouse from door near driller's console.
5/29/79 0727
2 Same as No. 1 above
5/29/79 0925.
3 Same as No. 1 above
5/29/79 1138
4 Same as No. 1 above
5/29/79 1334 TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
MUD HOUSE 5 Area Sample, located about
1 foot above cone-jet hopper apron, even with outside edge.
5/29/79
0729
6 Same as No. 5 above
5/29/79 0928
7 Same as No. 5 above
5/29/79 1141
8 Same as No. 5 above
5/29/79 1340 TIME--WEIGHTED AVERAGE
DERRICK MAN 9 BZ, as performs normal duties.
Began addition of bentonite.
5/29/79
0747
10 BZ, continued bentonite addi- - 5/29/79 0947 tion and 3 sx Flosal
11 BZ, 1 sk Flosal added
5/29/79 1143
12 BZ, as performs normal duties 5/29/79 1342 TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
118
133 116
70 437
119
133 93 70
415
120
116
119 69
424
0.01
0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02
0.02
0.03 0.04 0.04 0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01 0.02 0.02
TABLE V (Continued)
Sample No.
Location and Description
Sampling Time
Date
Hour
Duration
(min)
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
FLOORMAN 13 BZ, as performs normal duties 5/29/79
0752
14 Same as No. 13 above
5/29/79 0954
15 Same as No. 13 above
5/29/79
1145
16 Same as No. 13 above
5/29/79
1344
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
DRILLER 17 BZ, as performs normal duties 5/29/79
0754
18 Same as No. 17 above
5/29/79 0910
19 Same as No. 17 above
5/29/79
1148
20 Same as No. 17 above
5/29/79 1336 TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
122 0.03 111 0.01 119 0.02
64 0.04 416 0.02
116 0.01 PUMP MALFUNCTION - NO SAMPLE
108 0.02 72 0.02
296 0.02
Present OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit Ceiling Concentration: 10 fibers/cc
2 fibers/cc
Drilling Specialties Company
TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION o BARTLESVILLE. OKLAHOMA 74004
RECOMMENDED WORK PRACTICES for
FLOSAL DRILLING MUD ASBESTOS
ORiSPAC ORISPAC SUPERLO ORISCOSE CMC SOLTEX OESCO FLOSAL OIASEAL M
OIACEL 0 DIACEL LVVL OIACEL A
INTRODUCTION
The following recommended work practices are intended as general guides respect ing the handling of Flosal drilling mud grade asbestos (hereafter referred to as DMA). We believe this booklet will be helpful to engineers, superintendents, contractors, foremen, and drilling crews in understanding and explaining such procedures. Field tests conducted to date indicate that the recommended work practices set forth in this booklet, if followed, should result in an employee's 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) exposure being below 0.1 fibers per cubic centimeter (f/cc) of air. (Such exposure would be well below OSHA's currently prescribed limits of two fibers longer than five micrometers per cubic centi meter of air as an 8-hour TWA exposure and 10 fibers longer than five micrometers per cubic centimeter of air, as a ceiling concentration.) However, since field conditions do vary, these recommended work practices do not purport to be ex clusive, and adherence to these recommended work practices does not guarantee an exposure level (8-hour TWA) the same as that shown by the aforementioned field tests, nor compliance with applicable federal, state or local health and/ or safety laws or regulations.
On October 11, 1978, OSHA issued Program Directive #300-16, which provides uniform inspection and compliance procedures for medical examination requirements of the asbestos standard. The principal actions taken by OSHA in this directive were to clarify the term "exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers," and to indicate the scope and applicability of medical examination requirements under the asbestos standards as follows:
a. The term "...exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fiber..." is administratively interpreted to mean "exposed to a minimum of 0.1 asbestos fibers longer than five micrometers per cubic centimeter of air..."
b. Medical examinations will be required for any 7 to 8-hour TWA concentration of 0.1 f/cc, or for a greater concentration.
Wa believe that if the following work practices are followed, one might reasonably expect 8-hour TWA exposure levels to be below those specified by OSHA Program Directive #300-16. If, however, there is reasonable cause to believe that air borne asbestos concentrations exceed 0.1 f/cc greater than five microns on an 8--hour TWA basis, or have peak levels above 0.5 f/cc greater than five microns based on 15-minute sample periods, then the site should be monitored for airborne asbestos, and appropriate action taken as required by applicable safety or health laws and/or regulations.
FIG. 1 CONE JET HOPPER
2- -
PRODUCTS AND OPERATIONS
DMA is furnished in flake form.
Operations to which these work practices apply include:
Shipping, receiving, handling, warehousing, and storage.
Additions of DMA to the mud.
Handling of empty sacks.
Disposing of empty sacks.
Disposing of mud.
SHIPPING, RECEIVING, HANDLING, WAREHOUSING, AND STORAGE DMA is furnished in loose or palletized sacks. (With palletized DMA, the pallets are sometimes shrink-wrapped.) The sealed, unopened sacks should be handled by normal warehouse practices.
Precautions must be taken if a sack is broken, torn or punctured. The sack should be sealed with heavy duty tape or placed in a slip-over sack (over-si;-i, open-mouthed bag) to prevent spillage. The slip-over sack should be securely sealed, preferably by a twist wire. Any spillage should be cleaned up with ? vacuum sweeper equipped with a disposable bag. Unless additional protection is required under applicable federal or other regulations, a certified, reusable single-use air-purifying respirator should be worn by the person cleaning up. DO NOT BLOW MATERIAL WITH COMPRESSED AIR, NOR DRY-SWEEP. The material in broken or damaged sacks should be used first. In storing DMA, it is recommended that it be stacked no more than 10 sacks high.
ADDITIONS OF DMA TO THE MUD
DMA should be added to the mud in the same manner as other dry mud additives. The DMA should be added directly to the mud system, preferably by emptying the sack at a uniform rate into the hopper of a cone-type jet mixer (eductor system, Figure 1).
Other systems in use are also suitable for the addition of DMA, such as an eductor with suction hose attached to withdraw the DMA directly from the sack, or from a drum into which several sacks have been emptied (Figure 2). Care should be used in pouring the DMA into another container to reduce the amount of "fines" generated when air is displaced from the receiving hopper or drum.
In adding DMA to the mud, it is a recommended practice to position oneself so that any air currents present are moving from the individual's back toward the receiving container, rather than blowing into the face. A light weight streamer or "air sock" above the hopper may be used to determine wind direction (Figure 3).
DRUM
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HANDLING OF EMPTY SACKS
After a sack is emptied, it should be discarded in accordance with current ccderal Regulations. Normally, sacks of all types should be carried away for disposal as soon as time permits.
DISPOSING OF EMPTY SACKS
When an adequate precipitator is attached to the incinerator, onshore burial or incineration is the preferred method of disposing of empty DMA sacks from offshore sites. DO NOT BURN DMA SACKS WITHOUT A PRECIPITATOR. The empty sacks should be accumulated in sealed impermeable bags until a sufficient number is on hand to require burning or burial.
It is preferable to bury empty DMA sacks onshore. DMA sacks are biodegradable. An incinerator with an adequate precipitator can be used. DO NOT BURN DMA SACKS WITHOUT A PRECIPITATOR.
DISPOSING OF MUD
When a well is finished, there is usually little or no DMA left in the mud. Any accepted method of storing the mud for reuse, or disposing of it, can be used.
t
AIR FLOW
TABLE I CONCENTRATIONS OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT
PLOSAL FIBER HOP ADDITIVE IN DRILLING MOP SYSTEM
Phillips Petroleum Company - Peter '*2", No. 2 Well Panola County. Texas
H & S Drilling Company
Sample No. l. 2
3
4
5 6 7
Location and Description
Breathing Zone, (BZ) Floor Han No. 1
BZ, Hotorman, as conducts normal duties during shifts
BZ, Derrick Man, as conducts normal duties during shift. 22 bags Flosal added during shift
BZ, Floor Man No. 2, as conducts normal duties during shift
BZ, Driller, as conducts normal duties during shift
Area Sample collected during shift
Area Sample collected during shift
Sampling Time
Date
Hour
Duration
________________________(min)
Concentration (Fibera/cc)
1/3/79
1500
435
0.003
1/3/79
1500
435
0.009
1/3/79
1500
435
0.03
1/3/79
1500
435
1/3/79
1500
1/3/79
1511
1/3/79
1515
435 424 420
0.006
0.003 0.009 0.02
Present OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/cc -2-
TABLE II
CONCENTRATIONS OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT DURING THE ADDITION OF FLOSA#DRILLING MUD ADDITIVE
Phillips Petroleum Company - Black "A" No. 1 Veil Canadian County, Oklahoma
Sample No.
Location and Description
Sampling Time
Date
Hour
Duration (nun)
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
1
BZ, Driller, as performs
1/15/79
0805
480
normal duties
2
BZ, Derrickman, as performs 1/15/79
0806
479
normal duties
3.
BZ, Floorman, as performs
1/15/79
0808
480
normal duties
4
BZ, Derrickman, during addi- 1/15/79
0945
30
tion of 3, 50-pound bags
Flosa and 12, 50-pound
bags Milgel
* * * 1.3
Present OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/cc Ceiling concentration: 10 fibers/cc*
* Filter loaded with unknown substance which precluded the required analysis.
3
TABLE III
CONCENTRATION OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT Norwegian North Sea- - Edda Platform
Phillips Petroleum Company - Eldfisk 2/7, No. A-21 Well Loffland Bros. North Sea., Inc.
Sample No. 1
2 3. A
5 6
Location and Description
Sampling Time
Date
Hour Duration
(min)
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
Breathing Zone (BZ) Derrick Man as added 12, 50-pound sacks Flosa1 to mixing hopper
NW side of rig floor about BZ height
BZ, Service Engineer, as performs normal duties throughout shift
BZ, Derrick Man as performs normal duties during shift including addition of Flosal as indicated in No. 1 above
BZ, Driller as performs normal duties
Area Sample, near mixing hopper
2/11/79
2/11/79 2/11/79 2/11/79
2/11/79 2/11/79
1505
1315 1305 1255
1255 1515
10
A33 450 465
570 435
0.2
0.02 0.006 0.005
* *
Present U.S. OSHA ceiling concentration! 10 fibers/cc Present U.S. OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/
* Filter loaded with unknown substance which precluded the required analysis.
-A -
TABLE IV
CONCENTRATION OF ASBESTIFORM FIBERS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT DURING
OFFSHORE DRILL SHIP OPERATION
Phillips Petroleum Company - Mississippi Canyon Block No. 28Z Well No. 1 - OCS-3819 Louisiana Gulf Coast
Sample No.
Location and Description
Date
Sampling Time
Hour
Duration
(min)
MUD ENGINEER 1 BZ, as performs normal duties
primarily in mud pit room
4/21/79
0445
2 Same as No. 1 above
4/21/79
0703
3 Same as No. 1 above
4/21/79
0950
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
DERRICK MAN 4 BZf as performs normal duties
5. Same as No. 4 above
4/21/79 4/21/79
0500 0705
6 Same as No. 4 above
4/21/79
0920
7 BZ, as performs normal duties, 4/21/79 1105 also began addition of Flosal (4, 50-pound sacks added 1015 to 1200 hours) TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
MUD ROOM 8 Area sample, near mud
additive hopper
4/21/79
0505
9 Same as No. 8 above
4/21/79
0707
10 Same as No. 8 above
4/21/79
0922
11 Same as No. 8 above
4/21/79
1108
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
138
167 137 442
125 135 105
81
311
122
135 106
76 439
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
0.03
0.01 0.05 0.03
0.01 *
0.02 0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04 0.02 0.02 0.03
A Filter loaded with unknown substance which precluded the required analysis. 5 (Continued)
TABLE IV (Continued)
Sample Ho.
Location and Description
Date
Sampling Time Hour Duration (min)
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
DRILLER 12 BZ, as performs normal
duties
4/21/79
0515
13 Same as No. 12 above
4/21/79
0720
14 Same as No. 12 above
4/21/79
0930
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
ASSISTANT DRILLER IS BZ, as performs normal
duties
4/21/79
0519
16 Same as Ho. 15 above
4/21/79
0722
17 Same as No. IS above
4/21/79
0929
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
125
130 175 430
123
127 178 428
0.01
0.01 0.009 0.01
0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
Present OSHA 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/cc Ceiling Concentration: 10 fibers/cc
6
TABLE V (Continued)
Location and Description
Date
Sampling Time
Hour
Duration
(min)
Concentration (Fibers/cc)
is performs normal duties 5/29/79
0752
as No. 13 above
5/29/79
0954
as No. 13 above
5/29/79
1145
as No. 13 above
5/29/79
1344
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
122 111 119
64 416
0.03 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.02
is performs normal duties 5/29/79
0754
116
0.01
as No. 17 above
5/29/79
0910 PUMP MALFUNCTION - NO SAMPLE
as No. 17 above
5/29/79
1148
108
0.02
as No. 17 above
5/29/79
1336
TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
72 296
0.02 0.02
A 8-hr time-weighted average permissible exposure limit: 2 fibers/cc icentration: 10 fibera/cc
8