Document 85e44jMD7D5ZQj8RVQ5dQb54B

A New Basie Raw Material GAMES SLAYTEK, Owens-Coming Fibecglas Corporation, Newark, Ohio .'Vp base ty& are aho esteaavely used for air filtration ini) conditioning systems. The testate fiber* are grade ill of two ways--as a continuous filament or,aa staple ! fibers; these, in tun,weemployed toformyaraflanAtL. and are subsequently woven Into fabric of wide utility^ ia this second fom that will b diflcassed here. Production / vsaa The productionof Rberglasin all Hb mu*> manufacture of virginglaatfroot carefullyselected riScau, limestone, and other pure mineral ingrefientt according, precision formulas. The raw materials are chscfeirf r*1 great accural, the bathes are eampouadad under protective contid of automatic-rerarding eealefl, ndrt ^ ifungas iogredlenta are melted under dose temperature conf* vCqSatt'ii tfce'_gla*s ~ durable; 4jw coloidg of the Tarioua types of glasses are produod in this araaas>1 designed toprovidethedesired cbaracteristiof this p" ultimately fonfiSS. ' glasses used in the production of textile fibers an __ for. insulation of ther refined by ratadting In electrical furnaces just prio?dryiog into fibers, Therean two F&eiglas textileprw* ' aircraft, rangee, re fer One produoee staple fiber and the other makes cor*" ; filament. The staple process la named after the .< textile term measuring a limited length. Glass staple.,. ,|pf Te^fc ferinB are ^ 1 average 8 to 15 inches In length, which Is ouch greater thelengthof thebestlong-staple cotton. The fiberdiar 'most commonly made averages 0.00027 inch, bat\ . .>,- '-^Ttfmw'Bipaaoa wsmett. aiad'aSvidvariety' ',V' ' '< : * ^.vy;;: 0; ;,^v v Decorative feb^ferand^many.v|uractical. applicie^- not rwommended developments have Shown the desirability of making!.!. of otherdiameters, and we are now beginningthe product of staple fibers of somewhat larger tine. To translate th figures Into more commonly understood terms, our sir*' "fibers have a diameter about one fifteenth that of a hair The individual fibers are smooth and wbstesl ''***/ ^ ;' ' /," ' ^ ' ' ... * .- C'.\---* . , cylindrical In the staple process the glaes culkt is melted -~>- and the molten pours from orifices beneaththefa fflgh-p*<gqra jetaof steamorair tear the st--~ ^ *',B `. ganT?.RS & edesoo and mdualay have shown 'greet .1 < .1 ' * i * ____________ *_ it _ -I, 1 - i i^ ' , U*MXy>9V KI>lfe ** " v ---- -- -- ^ ail-glass fiber which has come to aid tbs other fr4ftV fiKor* \n doing the work of the world. This interest is understandable when we remember that glass fibers possess properties and characteristics not found in emnl&r combina tion in anyother commercially available material. * Weallkiwtheattributes ofglasswinchmakeit one ofthe most perfect of all man-made materials--Us plasticity when molten,its hardness and strength, He deanliaese and itsgroat durability. All of these desirable attributes of glass in solid form am retained when glass is transmuted into fibrous form. But maddition, the original properties arc extended by many new properties not found in other organic or inorganic ma terials of comparable utility. There are two basic fom of Fibcrglas--a wool form and a textile fiber form. WooWikc fibers arc used primarily for thermal insulation, purposes; coarser fibers of tilts same draw tbe psrti^-intoloe^iwootii'fibere. . . - (irt cred on a traveling belt in the form of a web onftwf w| interfaced fibers, from which they gathered, wrthowa twit, as a stiver, in the gathering process the fibers W*g slightly drafted so that the majority tic parallel to tj length of the strands. -v This is the raw material of staple fiber rovings and yank* textile terminology is the same asthat of other terfu*A A roving is a aSver with a low twist sad is formed simply oyg twisting the sliver on a standard twister or flyer twister. Ar yarn is a stiver or roving given a higher twist, Fine of Fibergl&s staple fiber are made by drafting sliver ft*;. manner similar to the worsted spinning process. Coarse * yams are made without drafting. A small amount of mineral oG lubricant is used on fibers. This lubricant improves the processing character*' :i tics and minimises friction between the individual * which tends to cause scratching and breakage. Thia iuwv J 1568 PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT WV-03323 WV4)3323 Booineserr voa AcouaATR PsuPO&notfiKO or Raw Ma- fBRUtfi AflOOKDlNO TO PBS- <ne Fosjinius roa Mastxo 'FjS8<04 Beneath each storage bin ks a hopper connected to a recording wale., tie proper ; amounts*wetted oatinto tie * .. hopper, and than the' hatch --. *>{ combined materials is -^gathered fey a ooUectia* car, '? mnniag on 'tails beneath the bay*.' taafcigfy wafeor `aahmg.withscfip in hot ;^v.'- >... .^Tkpi '* *ij-fts aocntictiotar fisaumt a ^CT^^^ri^^a^^wCproeoBt" The 'eonfinttOQs filamentfc >t0. $infad.oely*by the ~JMiM&etcr-if.tbv In- enifomfcy.. Xu anpt&r 'iset' eea4ro3 Aacfar rndiw the twist id Fiberglas yama. StiS andtiterteet determines the teazle strength of the yam. Bepfeotfctive eu&pfeg are tefeea from, ensure uniformity in teaafe sti^ngih. Standard textile r.* 'r-V Wr- * /- ' or more) are tnad4 /_- 5la exc^a of * gi^rtSi bo fine- jjieeii'a*'Jhey are gathered by the which*tly are produced is uuxm- . ating.is used on the es to.fedfftate maiwN ass fibers apart, f<2 " rodswHcU :be'febi?gbt of as vesy email glass swill swatch,butwide!i willccmfcch Vihe.fibsn are easily broken. ,, . wsdpoeed of starch and vege* table b&'flimay wsl&iy be removed by waging with soap in hot water, 'J&g vr&s&s, itisa&o remoyablo by.heating thefinishedtortileat600*to|00* F.In aweU-vehtilatedoven for one hour. ' after %bi medification and adjustment found desirable in plant operations. Practically every type of weave which may be made with other textile materiala can be made with .glass fibers. The continuous Blamest strands arc twisted togethermanydesired construction to formyarns or threads. The staple fibers are treated much life worsted yfiras. They arc drawn into sBvcts and yams of various eounte> some moderately fow? toeosrse, zeccrd'mg k>theirsubsequent use. The textile fibers made of Uberglas are subjected to nuroerone quality control testa. In one tisst the fiber \x magnified hundreds of tunes so that aa operator can check for diameter fjARWtrT. Ikspsctmn or Each Pobb Reman Qr.aas "Mak^e", me Raw Matouai, Usm> w tob MAMOTAfnrfBB or FiasaoiAs TaxiTtss , br'f i > *1--i? vv, wejiig jnurgaiuc, mey do not provide austenana for vermin, fungus growths, or ottier forms of decay. Glass isao incombustible material; the fibers will molt but the? earns* bra. Tbed ttcipcrttoie resistance is high" . when formed in the mass or woven as a fabric. FibergUal yarns, tapes, and fabrics used in the doctrica) industry q safely withstand temperaturesin the neighborhood 0/1000' ?;>'/ At 800 F. electrical tapes of Fiberglaa have a greater^ strength than is presented by cotton tapes <rf similar si and >; threkneas at ordinary room temperatures. The electrical properties of have long been known to: the scientific world. These properties are retained by glas3 in fibfous fortni augmented by.the use of gtafes compositioasf that are foe from metallic oxides. The Fife * '* efectricafinsulation productscombinehigfc didectriosti and electrical Insulation resistance with axtrtsady low. tore absorjltioa. These' Insulating materials combine .with efeetri&al v&nfiahee and impregnants. In Fibergb*efeetriceiinsabtioBmaterialshave alreadyachiev&[j a high plsoe In thgt industiy. * Glass is also known-as a chemically stable product. It not harmed by aay add except hydrofluoric, . Nevcriheleal the advanced,cbctnbt knowstfist.different compositional have different degrees of solubility and show minute, measurable, reactions`with marly.{Merest substanoes solutions. Ibis characteristic is of no usportaooe to _ in solid form, but when the surface area of the glass b panded many thousands of times, as itin tho formation: gfaas fibers, onemust bcoomecurious in immunity attack- * * Broadly peaking, glass fibers are ehemieaily One of their new and important uses is In the formation - % &** H art** **k teu* (faocaaaton QusgStars Ruses :;p$BMrttt& orifices through * high-pressure ce&are driven downward onto a rapldijr jre- theyam hng>jfe>tTy gathered info Jliai'jtfe Wound on a spindle or spool. ' employed fo these tests, which are brder. to* d&sire uniform quality at aB Properties ^. ~ tjtility&;Ffoer$fifl lies in its unique combination of :>* * andclifgnlealproperties. letusthinkfor ; the be!64ydf the properties of glass in its more oommoa v ' former^.window^ in bottles, in tho gl&sew&re essential &> ... .Gfsry.chemical Ismcatory.,and is eooking ware now becoming * essential &m&t'houBwiTOs; Think erf it also as electrical infflibiqra on 'telephone and power lines, as a structural tnatoda^ and &s a aamtaxy product udisptosa&e to the modem hospital,' In all of these applications we find glass to be clean, hard; strong, durable, and usually brittle. When glass is reduced to the form of fin fiber* it retains all of these properties, even brittleness, but the latter dis appears as a practical oonridctaikm, In place of brittleness there is flexibility and resiliency. But In addition, there is ahe extraordinary tefirile strength. We have produced fibers is tho laboratory which have a measured tensile strength in excess of i,000,000 pounds per square inch. Fibers of the sane used to continuous filament have a tensilp . strength in excels of 400,000 to 300,000 pounds per square inch, which is considerably greater than the tensile strength clhard drawn, steel piano wire. These glass fibers are inorganic, incombustible, and non- FlBBROLAS-lNSUnATI DlVltfO SUIT FOH SaLVaGS VSSSEl^ Arr&sDfNu Usnwn States Navy Sob*ab>ns Sqpamwct In these riectricahy heated insulated suits,'divers csr> stay At great depths twice as long as m the present equipment. battery retainer mats for use in storage batteries. These pals widely greatly extend the He of the battery by keeping thfe active material in place on the battery plates, render good service because the glass is resistant to the acids of M>e battery sduttona and at the same tame possesses tins desired electrical msul&tipii characteristics. . * FiiwtgUa fabrics have found other uses in the chemical field, notably for anode bags in electroplating processes and as filter cloths in a number of applications involving liquids or gases at temperatures that are destructive to other filter ing jsateri^is OT under eobditfons which would bo corrosive to-ftther materials butnot to the gases employed. The %hm4pr<f&xti*s ofFibergias wool have resulted us heat is conserved, Fabrics of Pibergla* are practically wul-proof and are definitely mildew- and vermin-proof- Kurt or oirt remains on the surface much the same as flecks of dust on a mirror, sad can bo wiped off with a damp cloth- Fiber*!** fabrira at the present time come in seventeen different designs with others being added constantly. There are several colors to choose from. 3/ropery rea- teriaU come in pure white, ecru, medium dark gray, & light and a medium dark periwinkle blue. And we are working on the development of other colors. In spite of the many advantages that are apparent in Kbagttt as a textile material, it dees not have universal applicability. It is not euiUbk in its presentformsfor dress fabricsofany type. You may haveseenpicturesofChemung young ladies dressed in wedding gowns and other farm TlbeidaB ployed We wherever electricity is ero^fflforingcharact^ktksi^^ in the laefcllbesfii^la the'great majority of modem ;tfce8e factor*jOTwtod, branch of commerce, and glaascbth. These are all imaginative prevtewB of future potentials. But today wc do not sell or recommend any form offlberglas for use as a dotting maieriai except as tire products maybe combinedin shoes, hate, dress accessories, or even neckties. . ,_ Rberaba is not the competitor of many modem textile fibers It is only occasionally the oompsriter of the more wamackce fibers wWeb the world has known for many geneatbns. Fibergtes 1b finding usefufoess m rfm* other fibers, lacking some of the qualities MmWaed vrith M,, within the use of!:`; thermal trains water. It Is from .... f^ollowa ed ' oorobhw bifity,& SM. in the: tying ras of -flberglaa are not e&ietly i$&, they constitute an important ivdwerwVbrirf mention. Fibergias ?ni^a*reUfled extenavaly for the b'fsS?aj-vchirie of all typee, including AV-lVia e^Seyed in ranges, refrigerators, others in our product, do not renderfully sathaaotory sendee. There are many such-applicationswhere theeharaoteiwfaes of daes m fibrous form open new doors for fcertSe produce. Looking into the future, we see potential applications m fee aircraft industry which require fight weight combmed **" great strength, complete fire reastenee, and durahi^. It Say prove advantageousto use Ffcergfe* f sandhi fc ^nUrion at temperatures ranging ****'".Tbeeo ami other uses have .jbergUa booausc the material ht^hklTthwmal effiorency, great dura- miliUiy defense or protection against goods, because Fiberdas will not rot in such service, and bags can be made op Ki in advance of need ^stored readyfor the We are already far info the development of awning fabric* of Flbergke, which wifi not be burned by oigarete throw ;foV&Stextile forms ofTSbergbs is found fine yams are utilised for B^ee'-eo^Ber yams, for heavier wires and braided sleevings, dotha and ' wlspow&tenavclyused Istheinsulation X*; feeneratora, transformers, and otb down from above and which wffl be permissible even in the moststrictly controlled fire zones of our largest wties. Fibcrdae la the product of research and its future growth depends upon continued research. Akhou^ the mdostiy is scarcely nine years dd, it is today producing FibergUs at the rate of many carloads daily. it& distribution equipment. nWin the textile field are parallel derolop- iVo and service fabrics. Industrially wfofcs for fcsrwn&or oillampsand stoves. The decorative applications of Fsbergtee fabrics have at tracted world-wide-attention. Today we are making glcanv- Jaftcaries,lustrous satins, mraipg tSkt&E, and'Sbcer nets entirely of gh- ** wovl the amartert,f deagiffi on u^ nets include overiSrapes, glass curtains, shower curtains, bedspreads, tabledotbe, lamp .shades, and. awnings. In addition there aro secities, tote, and other articles. Fibccglasdraperies and other textile products are beingused today ia homos, offices, hotels, restaurants, pub|ic bmldmgs, dabs, Pullman care, ocean liners, and transcontinental and trans- oceanie airptedfiS. ' * .... Aside from their novelty, thews new fabrics have many advantages over better known fabrics, chief among which are their cdorfast properties end durability. Fiberglaa fabrics are not affected-by climatic conditions and tiiereXore wiHnetsag orshrink, They are fireproof and heat resistant to & high point Even a cigaret taay burn out its length on this fabric and not destroy it; the resulting stain a easily removable with soap and water. Correction--f*-V- T Relations of Propylene la the determmattene of^ vapw^itm of t-- - and 1 atmoejhcre^, 4) and at C. and I attae^ni</) ooneiitoteBt. If the compreesbahly facter, I.-.WyJ 0 C. and 1 atmos^icre is computed, there areobua>ed from Roper's data <S), 6.9809; trom Batuecas, 0.9803, VaSban and Qravre* (by interpolation Iw.P pWt), 0.9SX tKiperfect agreement is noteworthy. Wc have found that al though BatucSr density, 1.9149 ^anw per Bter-at 0 C. and oi moiisSswtoaBpioliMf as. dIrigoitwrwectmlv ^Reivelan i%n our paper (4^), a?n!e>r?rodrat<e rise to the question. It may now be said that ail of the date (/-4) are well coordinated. literature Cited <1> Ititueew, / chi**- ***-< Si<`f6 novl. f2> Powril and fliauque, J. Am. CKm- Sec., fit. i-teC (1939). 131 Rohct. /. Phvt. Chan.. 44. fi35 (1940). (4) Vaughan and Graves, lwn. Bko. Cbs., 32. 19*2 (1940). Wij.mam K. Vaoohan ahd Nok. R. Gjiavbs