Document 82ovyEbMe6N9DxgK7NqYzv10K

FILE NAME: AT&T and other Phone Companies (ATT) DATE: 1941 DOC#: ATT025 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Bulletin - American Ceramic Society A M onthly Publication Devoted to Proceedings oi The Society an d Prom o tion of Cooperative Research of Technical, Scientific, and A rt Questions Volume 20 AUGUST, 1941 Number 8 PAPERS DESCRIPTION OF HOT MODULUS O F RUPTURE AN D HOT CRUSHING STRENGTH TESTS AN D DISCUSSION OF RESULTS* By E. B . H unt and R. S. B radley A bstract The equipment and test procedures used to make modulus of rupture and crushing tests on refractory specimens at high temperatures are described and illustrated. The results of the tests at various temperatures are given for several types of fire-clay refrac tories and insulating firebrick. I. Introduction jack is structurally independent of the furnace, and the The tests ordinarily used to determine the strength of refractor}' materials are crushing strength, modulus of rupture at room temperature, and compression under load at high temperatures. Standard procedures for each of these tests, which have been accepted by the A.S.T.M., are designated as Methods of Tests C l33-39 and C16-39T, respectively. Test results are given frequently for crushing strength or modulus of rupture on samples which have been subjected to a prescribed heat treatm ent and then total load applied to the test specimens is taken by this frame, which is above, below, and on each side of the furnace. Because this steel frame passes under the center bottom of the furnace, it is necessary to have out lets on each side for the furnace gases. The furnace is designed to permit the control of the temperature in dependently on each of the two test specimens, and it is fired with open-type gas burners (using 1000 B.t.u. natural gas a t 4 lb. of pressure and air a t 1 lb. of pres sure). allowed to return to room temperature before testing. Although such results are interesting and valuable in formation has been obtained from them, they do not Rive any information as to the strength of these refrac tory materials while they were at this elevated tempera- tore. Such information would be useful in the design f all high-temperature equipment, especially in the 1 design of refractor}- shapes used in the construction of suspended arches and walls. This problem was con sidered to be of sufficient importance to justify the de- S,8U of special equipment and the development of a tost procedure. II. Description of Equipment (1) Modulus of Rupture The furnace and test machine (see Figs. ] and 2) designed to withstand a total load of 24,000 lb. either of the two test specimens at temperatures up The steel frame supporting the hydraulic y-^esented at the Forty-Third Annual Meeting, The g y fre n Ceramic Society, Baltimore, Md., April 1, 1941 ories Division). Received April 2. 1941. 207 Fig . I. SC-CER-4230 ROSTER OF PAID CORPORATION MEMBERS Abb Engineering Co., New York, N. Y. Abingdon Sanitary Mfg. Co., Abingdon, 111. A C Spark Plug Co., Flint, Mich. Adamston Flat Glass Co., Clarksburg, W, Ya. Akron Porcelain Co., Akron, Ohio American Gas Assn., New York. N. Y. American Glass Corp., Greensburg, Pa. American Lava Corp., Chattanooga, Tenu. American Nepheline Corp., Rochester, N. Y. American Porcelain Enamel Co., Muskegon, Mich. American Potash & Chemical Corp., New York, N. Y. American Refractories Institute, Pittsburgh. Pa. American Rolling Mill Co., Middletown, Ohio American Stove Company, St. Louis, Mo. Amsler-Morton Co., Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. Anchor Hocking Glass Corp., Lancaster, Ohio Arketex Ceramic Corp., Brazil, Ind. Armstrong Cork Co., Lancaster, Pa. Atlantic Terra Cotta Co., Perth Amboy, N. J. Babcock & Wilcox Co., New York, N. Y. Bail Brothers Co., Muncie, Ind. Baltimore Enamel & Novelty Co., Baltimore, Md. Bardin, Paul, e Hijos, Soc. Anon. Com., Buenos Argentina. South America Bausch & Lomb Optical Co., Rochester, N. Y. Beiden Brick Co., Canton, Ohio Blue Ridge Glass Corp., Kingsport, Tenn. Bonnot Company, Canton, Ohio Braun Corp., Los Angeles, Calif. Brockway Glass Company, Inc., Brockway, Pa. Buck Glass Company, Baltimore, Md. Buffalo Pottery Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Aires, Canadian General Electric Co., Ltd., Peterborough, Ontario, Canada Canton Stamping & Enameling Co., Canton, Ohio Carborundum Company, Niagara Falls, N. Y. Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Carr-Lowrey Glass Co., Baltimore, Md. Celo Mines, Inc., Burnsville, N. C. Central Silica Company, Zanesville, Ohio Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg. Co., New Brighton, Pa. Ceramics Publishing Co., Inc., Newark, N. J. Certain-Teed Products Corp., Buffalo, N. Y. Champion Spark Plug Co., Detroit, Mich. Chattanooga Glass Co., Chattanooga, Tenn. Chicago Hardware Foundry Co., North Chicago. 111. Chicago Pottery Co., Chicago, 111. Chicago Vitreous Enamel Product Co., Cicero, 111. Clark, N., A Sons, San Francisco, Calif. Colonial Insulator Co., Akron. Ohio Commercial Decal Products, Inc., East Liverpool. Ohio Consolidated Feldspar Corp., Trenton, N. J. Coots Porcelain Company, .(olden, Colo. Corhart Refractories Co., Inc., Louisville, Ky. Corning Glass Works, Corning, N. Y. Crane Enamelware Company, Chattanooga, Tenn. Crooksville China Co., Crooksville, Ohio Crossley Machine Co., Trenton, N. J. Crossman Company, South Amboy, N. J. Crown Potteries Co., Evansville, Ind. DeVilbiss Co., Toledo, Ohio Dixon, Joseph, Crucible Co., Jersey City, N. J. Drakenfeld, B. F., & Co., New York, N. Y. Du Pont de Nemours, E- I., & Co., R. & H. Chemicals Dept., Wilmington, Del. Edgar Plastic Kaolin Co., Metuchen, N. J. Electric Auto-Lite Co., Fostoria, Ohio Electro Refractories & Alloys Corp., Buffalo, N. Y. Empire Sheet & Tin Plate Co., Mansfield, Ohio Engelhard, Charles, Inc., Newark, N. J. English China Clays Sales Corp., New York, N. Y. Eureka Flint & Spar Co., Trenton, N. J. Exolon Company, Blasdell, N. Y. Fabrics de Ladrillos In d u stria ls y Refractarios, Mon terrey, N. L., Mexico Fairfacts Company, Inc., Trenton, N. J. Federal Seaboard Terra Cotta Corp., Perth Amboy, N. J. Ferro Enamel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio Ferro Enamels (Australia) Pty. Ltd., Alexandria, N.S.W.. Australia Findlay Clay Products Co., Washington, Pa. Foote Mineral Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Fords Porcelain Works, Perth Amboy, N. J. Fostoria Glass Co., Moundsville, W. Va. Frazier-Simplex, Inc., Washington, Pa. Garco Products, Inc., Butler, Pa. Gayner Glass Works, Salem, N. J. General Ceramics Co., New York, N. Y. General Electric Co., Lamp Dept., Pitney Glass Works, Nela Park. Cleveland. Ohio George, W. S., Pottery Co., East Palestine, Ohio Gillinder Brothers, Inc., Port Jervis, N. Y. Gladding, McBean & Co., Lincoln, Placer County, Calif. Gleason-Tiebout Glass Co., Maspeth, N. Y. Glenboig Union Fireclay Co., Ltd., Glenboig, Scotland Great Lakes Foundry Sand Co., Detroit, Mich. Great Lakes Steel Corp., Detroit, Mich. Green, A. P., Fire Brick Co., Mexico, Mo. Haeger Potteries, Inc., Dundee, 111'. Hall China Company, East Liverpool, Ohio Hancock Brick & Tile Co., Findlay, Ohio Hanley Company, Summerville, Pa. Hanovia Chemical & Mfg. Co., Newark, N. J. Hardinge Company, Inc., York. Pa. Harshaw Chemical Co., Cleveland, Ohio Hartford-Empire Co., Hartford, Conn. Haws Refractories Company, Johnstown. Pa. Hazel-Atlas Glass Co., Wheeling, W. Va. Homme!, O., Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Houze, L. J., Convex Glass Co., Point Marion. Pa Humphryes Manufacturing Co., Mansfield, Ohio Hygrade Sylvania Corp., Emporium, Pa. Illinois Clay Products Co., Joliet, 111. Industrial Ceramic Products, Inc., C olum bus, Ohio Ingram-Richardson Mfg. Company of Indiana, Inc., Frankfort, Ind. International Clay Machinery Co., Dayton, Ohio International Smelting & Refining Co., Akron, Ohio Ironton Fire Brick Co., Columbia, S. C. Isolantite, Incorporated, Belleville, X. J. Jova Brick Works, Roseton, X. Y. Kaolin, Incorporated, Spruce Pine, N. C. Kentucky Clay Mining Co., Mayfield, Ky. Kentucky-Tennessee Clay Co., Mayfield, Ky. Knowles, Edwin M., China Co., Newell. W. Va. Kohler Company, Kohler, Wis. Koppers Company, Pittsburgh. Pa. Kraltile Company, Niles. Calif. Laclede-Christy Clay Products Co., St. Louis, Mo. Lancaster Iron Works, Lancaster, Pa. Lapp Insulator Co., Inc., Le Roy, N. Y. Laughlin, Homer, China Co., Newell, W. Va. Lava Crucible Co. of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. 294 Voi. 20. Xo s Bulletin of The American Ceramic Society--Roster of Corporation Members 295 Lee Clay Products Company, Clearfield, Ky. Libbey Glass Company, Toledo, Ohio Ubbey-Owens-Ford Glass Co., Toledo. Ohio Locke Insulator Corp., Baltimore, Md. Louthan Manufacturing Co., East Liverpool, Ohio Lynch, A. J., A Co., Los Angeles, Calif. Mansfield Sanitary Pottery, Inc., Perrysville, Ohio Maryland Glass Corp., Baltimore, Md. Marson, Elwyn L., Los Angeles. Calif. McHose, L. H., Inc., Perth Amboy, N. J. McKee, Arthur G.f A Co., Cleveland, Ohio Metal & Thermit Corp., New York, N. Y. Metro Glass Bottle Co., Jersey City, N. J. Mexico Refractories Co., Mexico, Mo. Mississippi Glass Co., New York, N. Y. Mitchell Clay Mfg. Co., St. Louis, Mo. Moore Enameling A Mfg. Co., West Lafayette, Ohio Moore k Munger, New York, N. Y. Mosaic Tile Company, Zanesville, Ohio Mount Clemens Pottery Co., Mount Clemens, Mich National Engineering Co., Chicago, 111. National Fireproofing Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. National Gypsum Co., Clarence Center, N. Y. National Industrial Sand Assn., Washington, D. C. National Lead Co., Brooklyn, N. Y. National Lime and Stone Co., Findlay, Ohio New Castle Refractories Co., New Castle, Pa. New Jersey Porcelain Co., Trenton, N. J. New Jersey Pulverizing Co., New York, N. Y. Nippon Gaishi Kabushiki Kaisha, Nagoya, Japan Nippon Toki Kaisha, Ltd., Nagoya, Japan North American Refractories Co., Cleveland, Ohio North Carolina Feldspar Corp., Erwin, Tenn. Norton Company, Worcester, Mass. Ohio Clay Co., Cleveland, Ohio Ohio Hydrate & Supply Co., Woodville, Ohio Ohio Insulator Company Div., Ohio Brass Co., Barberton, Ohio Old Hickory Clay Co., Paducah, Ky. Olean Tile Co., Olean, N. Y. Onondaga Pottery Co., Syracuse, N. Y. Orefraction, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. Orton, Edward, Jr., Ceramic Foundation, Columbus, Ohio Owens-Illinois Glass Co., Alton, III. Owens-Illinois Pacific Coast Co., San Francisco, Calif. Pacific Clay Products, Los Angeles, Calif. Pacific Coast Borax Co., New York, N. Y. Pacific Tile A Porcelain Co., Los Angeles, Calif. Paper Makers Importing Co., Inc., Easton, Pa. Pass A Seymour, Inc., Solvay, N. Y. Pennsylvania Pulverizing Co., Lewistown, Pa. Pennsylvania Salt Mfg. Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Pfaudler Company, Rochester, N. Y. Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co., Creighton, Pa. Porcelain Enamel A Mfg. Co., Baltimore, Md. Porcelain Products, Inc., Findlay, Ohio Portsmouth Clay Products Co., Portsmouth, Ohio Potters Supply Co., East Liverpool, Ohio Precision Grinding Wheel Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Quigley Company, Inc., New York, N. Y. Ramtite Co., Chicago, 111. Ransome Concrete Machineiy Co-, Dunellen, N. J. Remmey, Richard C., Son Co., Philadelphia. Pa. Republic Steel Corp., Youngstown, Ohio Rickman & Rappe, Koln-Kalk, Germany Riddell, W. A., Co., Bucyrus, Ohio Roseville Pottery Co., Zanesville, Ohio Ross-Tacony Crucible Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Rundle Manufacturing Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Rustless Iron Co., Ltd., Keighley, England Safety Grinding Wheel A Machine Co., Springfield, Ohio San Miguel Brewery, Inc., Manila, P. I. Schundler, F. E., A Co., Inc., Joliet, 111. Seagram, Joseph E., A Sons, Inc., Louisville, Ky. Shenango Pottery Company, New Castle, Pa. Simonds Worden White Co., Dayton, Ohio Smith A Stone, Ltd., Georgetown, Ontario, Canada Solvay Process Company, Syracuse, N. Y. Spinks, H. C., Clay Co., Newport, Ky. Square D Company, Detroit, Mich. Standard Brick and Tile Corp., Evansville, Ind. Standard Lime A Stone Co., Baltimore, Md. Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co., Louisville, Ky. Star Porcelain Co., Trenton, N. J. Stark Brick Co., Canton, Ohio Stauffer Chemical Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. Steele, J. C., A Sons, Statesville, N. C. Sterling Grinding Wheel Co., Tiffin, Ohio Structural Clay Products Institute, Washington, D. C. Stupakofi Laboratories, Inc., Latrobe, Pa. Summitville Face Brick Co., Summitville, Ohio Sur Enamel A Stamping Works, Ltd., Calcutta, India Surface Combustion Cop., Toledo, Ohio Swindell Brothers, Baltimore, Md. Swindell-Dressler Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Taylor, Smith, A Taylor Co., Chester, W. Va. Texas Mining A Smelting Co., Laredo, Texas Titanium Alloy Mfg. Co., Niagara Falls, N. Y. Toyo Told Kaisha, Kokura City, JapaD Trenton Potteries Co., Trenton, N. J. Twyfords, Limited, Stoke-on-Trent, England Tyler, W. S., Company, Cleveland, Ohio Union Electrical Porcelain Works, Inc., Trenton, N. J. United Clay Mines Corp., Trenton, N. J. United Glass Bottle Mfrs., Ltd., London, England United States Gypsum Co., Chicago, 111. Universal Clay Products Co., Sandusky, Ohio Universal Dental Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Universal Sanitary Mfg. Co., New Castle, Pa. Vanderbilt, R. T., Company, New York, N. Y. Vereeniging Brick A Tile Co., Ltd., Vereeniging, Transvaa!, South Africa Vesuvius Crucible Co., Swissvale, Pa. Victor Insulators, Inc., Victor. N. Y. Vitrefrax Corporation, Los Angeles, Calif. Vitreous Steel Products Co., Cleveland, Ohio Vitro Manufacturing Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Wallace China Co., Ltd., Huntington Park, Calif. Waltham Grinding Wheel Co., Waltham, Mass. Washington Porcelain Co., Washington, N. J. Wayne Laboratories, Waynesboro, Pa. Western Brick Co., Danville, III. Western Electric Co., Chicago, 111. Westinghouse Electric A Mfg. Co., Derry, Pa. West Virginia Brick Co,, Charleston, W. Va. Wheeling Steel Corp., Yorkville, Ohio Wisconsin Porcelain Co., Sun Prairie, Wis. CORPORATION MEMBERSHIPS ARE PROFITABLE INVESTMENTS (19411