Document 7nzowV7N3p7e84XkGg826QdV

GLD012166 Government Regulations LEAD REFORMULATION - PIGMENT Trade Maintenance Solvent HERCULES FRED W, SCHEIDEGGER ASSISTANT DIRECTOR TECHNICAL SERVICE COATINGS PRODUCTS DIVISION COATINGS ft SPECIALTY PRODUCTS DEPARTMENT HERCULES INCORPORATED GLFNS FALLS. NEW YORK 12801 TELEPHONE: 51B 792-5B3! GLD012167 BULLETIN ICC-8A February, 1973 (Supersedes ICC-8) LEAD-FREE PIGMENTATIONS Pigment reformulating by paint manufacturers has been necessary as the result of Government restrictions on the use of lead in coatings. This bulletin is being issued in answer to many requests for assistance in replacing lead-containing standards. It provides pertinent information concerning Imperial colors that will meet the lead-free requirements when approximating coatings pigmented with chrome yellow, molybdate orange, and chrome green. This bulletin is intended to give general relationships and to help familiarize you with Imperial pigments for lead-free coatings. The actual formulations and final decisions must be based upon the formulators' own tests. The following recommendations were based on color comparisons prepared from alkyd enamels. Approximate cost relationships were obtained from masstone enamels at similar hiding and tint enamels at similar strength. Experienced formulators are well aware of the problems Involved in making these substitutions. In general, the organic pigment substitutes are higher in cost and lack the tint lightfastness, opacity, working properties, hue characteristics, and nonbleeding properties of the lead chromates. Deficiencies in organic pig ment working properties are accentuated when working in the masstone ranges. These problems include high viscosity and puffiness. The masstone lightfastness of organic pigments will be as good as, or better than, lead chromate pigments in most cases, and chemical resistance will be improved in both masstone and tint applications. * RflG I S T ERf.D TRADEMARK OF HERCIU.ES I S' C O ft F10 R A. I f O FOB CHEMICAL COLORS AND PIGMENTS. 6LO012J.68 Because we cannot anticipate or control tire many different conditions under which this information and our products may be used. COATINGS & SPECIAt TV we do not guarantee the applicability trr the accuracy ol this information or the suitability of our products in any given situation. ,, Users of our products should make their own tests to determine the suitability of each such product for their particular purposes. PRODUCTS DEPARTMENT The products discussed are sold without warranty, either express or implied, and buyer assumes all responsibility for loss or dam- ugncuieq iNCOBPOtimn age arising from the handling and use of our products, whether done in accordance with directions or not. Also, statements con- . . " *D cerning the possible use of our products are not intended as recommendations to use our products in the infringement of any patent. Wilmington, Delaware 19899 IE-R 15005 CPD PRINTED IN L'.S.A.  HERCULES ICC-8A Page 2 of 9 Lead-Free Pigmentations Versus Chrome Yellows and Molybdate Orange (Masstone and Tint) The'following pigment types were selected as the basic components of the leadfree pigmentations: More Lightfast Types Hansa-type yellows Dinitroaniline orange More Bleed- and Heat-Resistant Types Diarylide yellows and orange Manganese Red 2B Reasons for specific pigment selections can be summarized as follows: More Lightfast Types 1. X-3051 (10G Hansa) has the green hue required when working against primrose chrome yellow. It has good tint lightfastness, comparable to that of X-2846. 2. X-1351 and X-1956 were selected for masstone pigmentations because of their combined cleanliness, opacity, and low cost. They provide a high degree of masstone lightfastness at lowest cost. The more expensive types do not show as much advantage in masstone lightfastness as they show in tints. Tint comparisons, based on X-1351 and X-1956, are fur nished for the formulator who wants to keep the number of standards at a minimum and is working only with interior finishes. 3. X-3473, X-2846, and X-2910 were selected for tints because of their superior tint lightfastness. X-3473 is the most lightfast of tire group. All three are among the most lightfast hansa types available, but they will fade on exterior exposure and must be checked carefully for this application. Lightfastness can be im proved by combining with more durable pigments, such as iron oxides. 4. X-3410 provides an intermediate degree of tint lightfastness. It is less lightfast than X-2846 and more lightfast than X-1351. It is stronger and better in money value, at equal strength, then either X-2846 or X-1351. It is less red in hue, however, and loses this money-value advantage when it is necessary to redden it with higher priced products. 5. X-881 (dinitroaniline orange) provides an approximate match for yellow-shade molybdate orange. It is fairly opaque but does bleed. It has very good lightfastness in masstone, but it must be evaluated for tint lightfastness where prolonged exterior exposure is antici pated. MFR iSOO* CF'D GLD012169 PRINTED IN U 5 A J HERCULES ICC-8A Page 3 of 9 More Bleed- and Heat-Resistant Types 1. X-260Q is among the greenest of the diarylide yellows and is re quired when working against primrose chrome yellows. 2. X-2864 is a fairly lightfast, opaque diarylide yellow that lies, in redness, between light and medium chrome yellow. Shading with X-2065 (diarylide orange) is recommended for redder hues. For greener masstones, X-2476 (opaque-type diarylide) can be used. For greener tints, X-2485 (high-strength diarylide) will provide the best money value. X-2864 is considerably better in tint light fastness than X-2476 and X-2485. 3. X-2065 (diarylide orange) is considerably less red than yellowshade molybdate orange. X-3297 (a manganese Red 2B with good opacity) was selected as the toning agent. Lead-Free Pigmentations Versus Chrome Greens (Masstone) 1. Combinations of hansa yellow, titanium dioxide, and iron blue can be used for chrome green masstone shades. X-I351 was selected as a general-purpose hansa yellow, and combinations containing X-3473 are included for improved lightfastness at higher cost. Substituting phthalocyanine blue for the iron blue will give a more lightfast, more chemically resistant, but a more expensive pigmentation. 2. Chromium oxide shaded witli phthalocyanine green or blue offers a narrow range of depths, but provides excellent performance in both masstone and tint. Costs are higher at similar hiding. The phthalocyanine green combination provides the better color match at higher cost. 3. Zinc chromate plus iron blue will provide a very pale, clean green with moderately good lightfastness. Yellow oxide can be used for shading, but good color matches are difficult. Hiding is poor and costs slightly higher at similar hiding. Staining on white areas below the trim may occur because of the leaching of soluble chromate. Although this pigmentation is lead free, zinc chromate does not rate as well as lead chromate in Acute Oral Toxicity tests (AOT-LDso). Specific recommendations for approximating primrose, light, and medium chrome yellows; molybdate oranges; and chrome greens are listed on the follow ing pages. Cost ratios are included, and suggestions limited strictly to interior MEH lAnoo Cf'O GLD012170 PRtNTf HERCULES ICC-8A Page 4 of 9 applications are indicated. Since titanium dioxide is an integral part of the masstone pigmentations, cost ratios are based on total pigment. Cost ratios of the tint pigmentations are based only on color pigment to give a .truer cost relationship in a wide range of tints. In summary, the information contained in this bulletin is intended to give the formula tor a base for his study of lead-free coatings. IMPERIAL PIGMENTS USED IN LEAD-FREE RECOMMENDATIONS Color Number X-3051 X-1351 X-2846 X-3410 X-3473 X-1956 X-2910 X-2600 X-2485 X-2476 X-2864 X-2065 X-881 X-3297 X-3163 A-4433 X-3367 X-1134 X-883 610 630 Color Name EmpressTM Yellow 10G Horicon Yellow Empress Yellow GX Empress Yellow GS Empress Yellow GSX Yellow Toner R Empress Yellow RX Majestic Yellow Amazon Yellow Sacandaga Yellow Sahara Yellow Oswego Orange Nippon Orange Toner Red Toner C.P. Blue MonarchTM Green Monarch Blue CF R C.P. Chromium Oxide C.P. Zinc Yellow Yellow Oxide L Yellow Oxide DO Type Hansa Hansa Hansa Hansa Hansa Hansa Hansa Diarylide (AAOA) Diarylide (AAA) Diarylide (AAOT) Diarylide (AAPTJ Diarylide Dinitroaniline Manganese Red 2B 1 ron blue Phthalocyanine Phthalocyanine Chromium oxide Zinc chromate Iron oxide Iron oxide Colour Index Name Number Pigment Yellow 3 11710 Pigment Yellow 6 11670 Pigment Yellow 73 11738 Pigment Yellow 74 11741 Pigment Yellow 74 11741 Pigment Yellow 6 11670 Pigment Yellow 75 11770 Pigment Yellow 17 21105 Pigment Yellow 12 21090 Pigment Yellow 14 21095 Pigment Yellow 55 21096 Pigment Orange 13 21110 Pigment Orange 5 12075 Pigment Red 48 15865 Pigment Blue 27 77510 Pigment Green 7 74260 Pigment Blue 15 74160 Pigment Green 17 77288 Pigment Yellow 36 77955 Pigment Yellow 42 Pigment Yellow 42 77492 77492 ' .orvs on) GLD012171 p r in t rri i'