Document 7RrpKkQn8g0dVyKvLd71BVQNV

FILE NAME: Sperry Rand (SR) DATE: 1956 DOC#: SR012 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Abstracts - Industrial Hygiene Digest NNB8~()0166rS tf Industrial Hygiene Digest INDUSTRIAL HEALTH N EW S LITERATURE ABSTRACTS MEDICAL ENGINEERING CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGICAL T.RGAT. - dadiioii and tranda SEPTEMBER, 1956 (VoL 2 0 , No. 9) J-- J INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION MELLON INSTITUTE 4400 FIFTH AVENUE PITTSBURGH 13, PA. 03120237 PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT MEzi&kJ Iinftisfcrtal Hygiene September, 1956 HHBB-Ofmm 1188 A Study of R esp iratio n in P u lm o n ary A sb esto sis. H. B a ste a ie r, H. D enolin, A . de C o ster, and M. F ngient. A rch, m alad ies p ro fe ss. 16,~ 546-553 (1955), F ren ch . In o rd e r to te s t the re s p ira to ry value of longs affected w ith a sb e sto sis nine cases w e re c lo se ly stu d ied . The seven m en and two w om en had been exposed to a sb e s to s dust, 1 ,000 to 2, 000 p a rtic le s p e r cu. m . , fo r 18 to 30 y e a rs. The p atien ts displayed definite sym ptom s of asb esto sis w ith troublesom e cough and dyspnea, and a ll showed x -ra y shadows like ground g lass extending o v er both lungs. No tu b ercle bacilli w ere found in any c ase. A definite redaction w as found in v ital capacity, but the m axim um ex p irato ry volum e was s a tis factory. B reathing, how ever, w as accelerated by hyperventilation. At re s t breathing was sufficient and satisfactory, but on exertion dyspnea appeared, varying considerably accord ing to the pathological lesio n s in the lungs. T hese functional changes w ere in no way d iffe r ent from those seen in o th er c a se s of pneum oconiosis. V arying em physem a w as found, but no special strain w as throw n upon the h eart. -- Cond. from B ull. Hyg. 1189 A sbestosis; R eport of a C ase, E . R. W iese and W. E . B. H all. D iseases of C hest 30, 229, 230 (Aug. 1956). The h isto ry and autopsy findings in a fatal case of asb esto sis a re rep o rted . C onditions d escrib ed include: absence of the m iddle lobe of the rig h t lung; g reatly en larg ed h e a rt; wide sp read , sh arp ly d em arcated developm ent of fib ro sis; and d e g e n e ra , tioa of collagen in extensive irre g u la r fields. These and other conditions a re described fully. F in e needles rep resen tin g the o rig in al asb esto s fib ers w ere seen. Sm all asb esto s bodies w ere seen in a few a re a s of focal fib ro sis, although they had not appeared in the sputum . o.-fD ' - i Za 1190 New V iew points on P u lm o n ary C ancer in A sbestos W orkers. H. B o h lig an d G . Jacob. P ent, m ed. W ochschr. 81, 231-233 (Feb. 17, 1956). G erm an. The follow ing d istinguishing fe a tu re s have been attrib u ted to the lung can cer that has been recognized as an occupational d isease of asbestos w orkers: (1) increased inci dence; (2) developm ent a t an e a rly age; (3) dependence on duration of exposure to asb esto s dust; (4) a laten t p erio d betw een o n set of exposure and the appearance of the can cer; (5) the localization; (6) the histological stru ctu re; and (7) the m u lticen tral origin. The authors d iscu ss each of these points, and show that th ere is little c le a r evidence to support any of these assum ptions, w ith exceptions noted. W omen w o rk ers in the a sb e sto s in d u stry have lung can cer m o re often, and a t an e a r lie r age than do o th er w om en, b at the sam e is not tru e of m en. M alignant grow ths of the p leu ra seem to o ccu r m o re often in asb esto s w o rk ers than in o ther p erso n s. The m u lticen tral developm ent is observed also in w ork ers exposed to cobalt and to ch ro m ates. The study of the pathogenesis is s till in the sta te of hypotheses, and the theory of m echanical pathogenesis is given m o st consideration. M icrotraum as and asb esto s bodies a r e always, found in the pulm onary can cers of asb esto s w o rk e rs, but the authors feel that this does not n ecessarily prove the m echanical theory. They cite sev eral facto rs that speak ag ain st a p u rely m echanical pathogenesis of asb esto s can cer, b at they concede that the developm ent of so -called asbesto s w arts proves the irrita tin g effect of asbestos on human tissu es. -- Cond. from J. Am. Med. A ssn. N asal P en etration of P a rtic le s of Sm all In e rtia in E xperim ental A nim als. G abrielle A sset, L . E . Gongwer, and S tella Ryan. A rch. Ind. H ealth 13, 597-401 {June 1956). E x p erim en ts w e re c a rrie d out to d e te rm in e the n a sa l p en etratio n of p a rtic le s of sm all in e rtia in dead ra b b its, dogs, and guinea pig s. The heads of the an im als, o r the en tire bodies, w ere exposed in a w ind tunnel to an a e ro so l consisting of p a rtic le s of 1 .3 m ic r o n s w ith d e n s ity o f 1 .2 g-. p e r .c c . an d m o v in g a t a r a t e Of 2 .5 m p h . T h e c o n c e n tr a tions of the aero so l entering the n asal p assag es and of th at leaving the n asal p assag es w ere determ ined. It w as found that th ere w as a significant difference in n asal penetration b e tween the guinea pigs, on the one hand, and the ra b b its and the dogs, on the o th er hand. Wind d ire c tio n had no influence on th e n a sa l p en etratio n of d ro p le ts of low in e rtia . -- A uthors' sum m ary 03120277 . \ MWBB-00181?3 Industrial Hygiene Digest July, 1936 882 S cru m Iro n L ev els in P n eu m o co n io sis in the O re M ines of the U pper P a la tin a te . H. J. D iesfeld . A rch. G ew erbepathol. G ew erbehyg, 15, 6 1 1-63? (1957). G erm an. T his is a very- d etailed study of the iro n content of the blood se ru m found in iro n w o rk e rs at Sulzbach, in the U pper P a la tin a te , B av aria . An attem p t is m ade to re la te the iro n content of the blood se ru m to rad io lo g ic a l d iag n o sis. E n v iro n m e n ta l studies show ed 95% a tm o s p h e ric h u m id ity , low d u s t c o u n ts , and 1 to 2% q u a rtz an d 2% lim e in th e o r e . The low d u st co n cen tratio n s a re explained by the high a tm o sp h eric hum idity and m o istu re content of the o re . C linical exam ination included d eterm ination of the iro n content of blood seru m , other blood exam inations, h isto ry of occupational ex p o su re, and rad io graphic diagnosis of silic o sis. The re su lts a re tabulated. E ry th ro cy te, hem oglobin, and co lo r index valu es w e re c lo se to n o rm a l. A d e fin ite p a ra lle l w as e s ta b lis h e d betw een the rad io g rap h ic findings and the iro n content of the blood seru m . The s e ru m -iro n values a re solely ex p ressio n of the p a rtia l breakdow n of iron deposited in the lungs; the radiological changes a re independent of these and retain their im portance for diag n o sis and evaluation of the d eg ree of pneum oconiosis. S ilico sis w as infrequent except a fte r prolonged exposure and had not p ro g ressed beyond stage 2. The se ru m -iro n content of 47 pneum oconiotic w o rk e rs averaged 160 m ic ro g ra m % , in co m p ariso n w ith 127 m ic ro g ra m % in healthy un exposed w o rk ers. T h is in c re a se w as p ro p o rtio n al to the d e g re e of exposure to the o re d u st and to the lung changes. P n eu m o co n io sis, w ith re fe re n c e to the d u s ts of iro n and stone, silico sis, sid ero sis, and the d ifferential diagnosis of these d ise a se s a re d iscussed. -- Cond. from B ull. Hyg. 883 An E pidem iological Study of Long C an cer in A s b e s to s M in ers. D. C . B rau n and T . D. T ru an . A .M .a . A rch . Ind. H ealth 17, 634-653 (June 1958). R ep rin ts available from the fo u n d atio n . R ecords w ere obtained on 6091 asb esto s m in ers in Q uebec having a t le a st five y ears of exposure and who w ere in the industry in 1950, Of the 187 known dead, cancer of the lung w as co n sid e re d to have been re a so n a b ly p roved in 9 and to be stro n g ly su g g ested in 3. The m o rta lity ra te on the b a sis of the " proved" d eath s w as 25. 3 p e r 100, 000, and on th e b a s is of the 12 d e a th s w as 33. 8 p e r 100, 000. The m o rta lity r a te fro m lung c a n c e r does n o t ap p e a r to in c re a s e w ith length o r d e g re e of ex p o su re. C o m p a riso n of the ex p erien ce -m osg the asb esto s m in ers w ith that of various segm ents of the unexposed, com parable population shows that the observed num ber of deaths among the m in e rs is not significantly g r e a te r than the ex p ected n u m b e r. The d eath r a te fro m c a n c e r in the a r e a s contiguous to the a sb e sto s o p eratio n s is com parable to th at in a re a s w idely sc a tte re d throughout the P rovince of Quebec and is low er than in som e urbanized a re a s w ithin the P ro v in ce. It would also ap p ear fro m available d ata, that the w orld-w ide ex p erien ce of p erso n s exposed to a sb e s to s d u st is not w o rse w ith re s p e c t to lung c a n c e r than th a t of th e unexposed popu la tio n . -- Cond. from authors' sum m ary 884 C on trib u tio n to the Study of B y ss in o s is. M. G o n z ale z-R ib a s and J . D el M o liso M ateus. M ed. y se g u rid a d tra b a jo 5, 48-50 (Ju ly -S ept. 1957). S p a n ish . The authors m ade a study of 6, 000 em ployees of cotton m ills of whom 619 su ffered fro m b ro n ch ial tro u b le. Of th ese b ro n c h itis su b je c ts 30% w e re betw een the ag e s of 15 and 25, 40% betw een 26 and 40 and 30% betw een 41 and r e tir e m e n t ag e. T he sex d istrib u tio n w as 7. 76% of th e m en em ployed and 6.48% of th e w om en. T h e re w e re few er cases of chronic bronchitis w here the du st was dense than w here it w as le s s dense. Typ ic a l b y ssin o sis is seldom se e n b efo re six y e a rs ' exposure to the d u st. The fo u r sta g e s of by ssin o sis a re : (1) irrita tio n bronchitis w ith cough, g en eral m a la ise and lo ss of appetite; (2) the typical b ronchitic phase w ith the "M onday syndrom e", cough c ris e s , dyspnea, and headache; (3) typical chronic b ronchitis w ith a ll sym ptom s aggravated; and (4) developm ent of com plications causing the patient to give up h is w ork. Two ty p ical c a se s a re d escrib ed , one w ith sym ptom s m ainly re s p ira to ry and in the o th e r m ainly d ig estiv e. T h ere is a good d e sc rip tio n of the "M onday s y n d ^ m e " , i. e . , ,a re a p p e a ra n c e of m a rk e d sym ptom s w ithin 2 o r 3 h o u rs of re tu rn in g to W ork tfrf a^M ontfiy o r a f te r a h o lid ay . -- Cond, fro m B ull, Hyg. 25. 03120484